Toro | TRX-16 Trencher | User manual | Toro TRX-16 Trencher, TRX-20 Trencher, TRX-26 Trencher User manual

Form No. 3367-302 Rev C
TRX-16, TRX-20, and TRX-26
Trencher
Model No. 22972—Serial No. 311000001 and Up
Model No. 22972G—Serial No. 311000001 and Up
Model No. 22973—Serial No. 311000001 and Up
Model No. 22973G—Serial No. 311000001 and Up
Model No. 22974—Serial No. 311000001 and Up
To register your product or download an Operator's Manual or Parts Catalog at no charge, go to www.Toro.com.
Original Instructions (EN)
This machine is designed to dig trenches in soil to bury
cabling and piping for various applications. It is not
intended to cut rock, wood, or any other material other
than soil.
WARNING
CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
This product contains a chemical or chemicals
known to the State of California to cause cancer,
birth defects, or reproductive harm.
The engine exhaust from this product
contains chemicals known to the State of
California to cause cancer, birth defects,
or other reproductive harm.
Use of this product may cause exposure to
chemicals known to the State of California
to cause cancer, birth defects, or other
reproductive harm.
DANGER
There may be buried power, gas, and/or telephone
lines in the work area. Shock or explosion may
occur if you dig into them.
Have the property or work area marked for buried
lines and do not dig in marked areas. Contact your
local marking service or utility company to have the
property marked (for example, in the United States,
call 811 for the nationwide marking service).
This spark ignition system complies with Canadian
ICES-002.
Important: This engine is not equipped with a
spark arrester muffler. It is a violation of California
Public Resource Code Section 4442 to use or operate
the engine on any forest-covered, brush-covered, or
grass-covered land. Other states or federal areas
may have similar laws.
The enclosed Engine Owner's Manual is supplied
for information regarding the US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and the California
Emission Control Regulation of emission systems,
maintenance, and warranty. Replacements may be
ordered through the engine manufacturer.
This product complies with all relevant European
directives, for details please see the separate product
specific Declaration of Conformity (DOC) sheet.
© 2013—The Toro® Company
8111 Lyndale Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55420
2
Contact us at www.Toro.com.
Printed in the USA.
All Rights Reserved
Introduction
Read this information carefully to learn how to operate
and maintain your product properly and to avoid injury
and product damage. You are responsible for operating
the product properly and safely.
You may contact Toro directly at www.Toro.com for
product and accessory information, help finding a dealer,
or to register your product.
Whenever you need service, genuine Toro parts,
or additional information, contact an Authorized
Service Dealer or Toro Customer Service and have
the model and serial numbers of your product ready.
Figure 1 illustrates the location of the model and serial
numbers on the product. Write the numbers in the
space provided.
1
G007797
Figure 1
1. Model and serial number plate
Model No.
Serial No.
This manual identifies potential hazards and has safety
messages identified by the safety alert symbol (Figure 2),
which signals a hazard that may cause serious injury
or death if you do not follow the recommended
precautions.
Figure 2
1. Safety alert symbol
This manual uses 2 other words to highlight information.
Important calls attention to special mechanical
information and Note emphasizes general information
worthy of special attention.
3
Contents
Replacing the Fuses (Models 22973 and
22974) ............................................................ 36
Drive System Maintenance ..................................... 36
Servicing the Tracks............................................ 36
Belt Maintenance.................................................... 39
Replacing the Pump Drive Belt ........................... 39
Controls System Maintenance................................. 39
Adjusting the Traction Control
Alignment ...................................................... 39
Adjusting the Traction Control Neutral
Position.......................................................... 41
Adjusting the Tracking of the Traction
Control, Full Forward Position........................ 41
Hydraulic System Maintenance ............................... 41
Replacing the Hydraulic Filter ............................. 41
Changing the Hydraulic Fluid ............................. 41
Checking the Hydraulic Lines ............................. 43
Trencher Maintenance ............................................ 43
Replacing the Digging Teeth ............................... 43
Checking and Adjusting the Digging Chain
and Boom ...................................................... 43
Replacing the Drive Sprocket.............................. 44
Cleaning ................................................................. 45
Removing Debris from the Machine.................... 45
Storage....................................................................... 46
Troubleshooting......................................................... 47
Schematics ................................................................. 49
Introduction................................................................. 3
Safety ........................................................................... 5
Safe Operating Practices ....................................... 5
Sound Pressure..................................................... 7
Sound Power ........................................................ 7
Vibration.............................................................. 8
Slope Indicator..................................................... 9
Safety and Instructional Decals ........................... 10
Setup ......................................................................... 14
1 Installing the Boom and Chain ......................... 14
2 Checking Fluid Levels ...................................... 15
3 Charging the Battery (Electric Start Models
Only).............................................................. 15
Product Overview ...................................................... 15
Controls ............................................................. 15
Specifications ..................................................... 18
Attachments/Accessories................................... 18
Operation................................................................... 18
Adding Fuel ....................................................... 18
Checking the Engine Oil Level............................ 19
Checking the Hydraulic Fluid Level..................... 20
Starting and Stopping the Engine ........................ 21
Stopping the Machine......................................... 21
Moving a Non-functioning Machine ................... 22
Digging a Trench................................................ 22
Securing the Machine for Transport .................... 22
Lifting the Machine ............................................ 23
Operating Tips ................................................... 23
Maintenance............................................................... 25
Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s) ................ 25
Premaintenance Procedures.................................... 26
Removing the Cover Plate................................... 26
Installing the Cover Plate .................................... 26
Removing the Bottom Shield .............................. 26
Installing the Bottom Shield................................ 26
Lubrication............................................................. 27
Greasing the Machine......................................... 27
Greasing the Trencher Housing .......................... 27
Engine Maintenance............................................... 28
Servicing the Air Cleaner (Models 22972 and
22973) ............................................................ 28
Servicing the Air Cleaner (Model 22974).............. 29
Servicing the Engine Oil ..................................... 30
Servicing the Spark Plug ..................................... 31
Fuel System Maintenance ....................................... 33
Draining the Fuel Tank....................................... 33
Replacing the Fuel Filter ..................................... 33
Electrical System Maintenance................................ 34
Servicing the Battery (Models 22973 and
22974) ............................................................ 34
4
Safety
• Use extra care when handling gasoline and other
fuels. They are flammable and vapors are explosive.
– Use only an approved container
– Never remove the gas cap or add fuel with the
engine running. Allow the engine to cool before
refueling. Do not smoke.
– Never refuel or drain the machine indoors.
• Check that the operator presence controls, safety
switches, and shields are attached and functioning
properly. Do not operate unless they are functioning
properly.
Improper use or maintenance by the operator or
owner can result in injury. To reduce the potential
for injury, comply with these safety instructions
and always pay attention to the safety alert
symbol , which means: Caution, Warning, or
Danger—personal safety instruction. Failure to
comply with the instruction may result in personal
injury or death.
Safe Operating Practices
This product is capable of amputating hands and feet.
Always follow all safety instructions to avoid serious
injury or death.
Operation
• Never run an engine in an enclosed area.
• Only operate in good light, keeping away from holes
and hidden hazards.
• Be sure all drives are in neutral and the parking brake
is engaged before starting the engine. Only start the
engine from the operator's position.
• Slow down and use extra care on hillsides. Be sure
to travel in the recommended direction on hillsides.
Turf conditions can affect the machine's stability.
• Slow down and use caution when making turns and
when changing directions on slopes.
• Never operate without the guards securely in place.
Be sure all interlocks are attached, adjusted, and
functioning properly.
• Do not change the engine governor setting or
overspeed the engine.
• Stop on level ground, lower the boom, disengage
the trencher hydraulics, engage the parking brake,
and shut off the engine before leaving the operator's
position for any reason.
• Keep hands and feet away from the moving chain,
digging teeth, and spoils auger.
• Look behind and down before backing up to be sure
of a clear path.
• Never carry passengers and keep pets and bystanders
away.
• Slow down and use caution when making turns and
crossing roads and sidewalks.
• Do not operate the machine under the influence of
alcohol or drugs.
• Use care when loading or unloading the machine
into a trailer or truck.
• Use care when approaching blind corners, shrubs,
trees, or other objects that may obscure vision.
WARNING
Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide, an
odorless, deadly poison that can kill you.
Do not run the engine indoors or in an enclosed
area.
Training
• Read the Operator's Manual and other training
material. If the operator(s) or mechanic(s) can’t read
English, it is the owner's responsibility to explain
this material to them.
• Become familiar with the safe operation of the
equipment, operator controls, and safety signs.
• All operators and mechanics should be trained. The
owner is responsible for training the users.
• Never let children or untrained people operate or
service the equipment. Local regulations may restrict
the age of the operator.
• The owner/user can prevent and is responsible for
accidents or injuries occurring to himself or herself,
other people or property.
Preparation
• Evaluate the terrain to determine what accessories
and attachments are needed to properly and
safely perform the job. Only use accessories and
attachments approved by the manufacturer.
• Wear appropriate clothing including hard hat,
safety glasses, long pants, safety shoes, and hearing
protection. Long hair, loose clothing or jewelry may
get tangled in moving parts.
• Inspect the area where the equipment is to be used
and remove all objects such as rocks, toys, and wire
which can be thrown by the machine.
5
• Use only Toro-approved accessories. Accessories can
change the stability and the operating characteristics
of the machine. Warranty may be voided if used with
unapproved accessories.
• Ensure that the area is clear of other people before
operating the machine. Stop the machine if anyone
enters the area.
• Never leave a running machine unattended. Always
lower the boom, stop the engine, set the parking
brake, and remove the key before leaving.
• Never jerk the controls; use a steady motion.
• Watch for traffic when operating near or crossing
roadways.
• Do not touch parts which may be hot from
operation. Allow them to cool before attempting to
maintain, adjust, or service.
• Ensure that you operate the machine in areas where
there are no obstacles in close proximity to the
operator. Failure to maintain adequate distance from
trees, walls, and other barriers may result in injury
as the machine backs up during operation if the
operator is not attentive to the surroundings. Only
operate the unit in areas where there is sufficient
clearance for the operator to safely maneuver the
product.
• Before digging, have the area marked for
underground utilities, and do not dig in marked areas.
• Locate the pinch point areas marked on the machine
and keep hands and feet away from these areas.
• Lightning can cause severe injury or death. If
lightning is seen or thunder is heard in the area, do
not operate the machine; seek shelter.
• Keep all movements on slopes slow and gradual. Do
not make sudden changes in speed or direction.
• Avoid starting or stopping on a slope. If the machine
loses traction, proceed slowly, straight down the
slope.
• Avoid turning on slopes. If you must turn, turn
slowly and keep the heavy end of the machine uphill.
• Do not operate near drop-offs, ditches, or
embankments. The machine could suddenly turn
over if a track goes over the edge of a cliff or ditch,
or if an edge caves in.
• Do not operate on wet grass. Reduced traction could
cause sliding.
• Do not park the machine on a hillside or slope
without lowering the boom to the ground, setting
the parking brake, and chocking the tracks.
Maintenance and Storage
• Disengage the trencher hydraulics, lower the boom,
set the parking brake, stop the engine, and remove
the key. Wait for all movement to stop before
adjusting, cleaning, or repairing.
• Clean debris from the chain, digging teeth, boom,
trencher head, drives, mufflers, and engine to help
prevent fires. Clean up oil or fuel spillage.
Slope Operation
Slopes are a major factor related to loss-of-control and
tip-over accidents, which can result in severe injury or
death. All slopes require extra caution.
• Do not operate the machine on hillsides or slopes
exceeding the angles recommended in the following
table.
Model
Front Facing
Uphill
Rear Facing
Uphill
Side Facing
Uphill
22972
15°
14°
19°
22973
13°
14°
19°
22974
11°
11°
16°
• Let the engine cool before storing and do not store
near flame.
• Do not store fuel near flames or drain indoors.
• Park the machine on level ground. Never allow
untrained personnel to service the machine.
• Use jack stands to support components when
required.
• Carefully release pressure from components with
stored energy.
• Disconnect the battery (electric start models only)
or remove the spark plug wires before making
any repairs. Disconnect the negative terminal first
and the positive last. Reconnect positive first and
negative last.
Note: See also the Slope Indicator (page 9).
• Operate up and down slopes with the front end
of the machine uphill.
• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc.
from the work area. Watch for holes, ruts, or bumps,
as uneven terrain could overturn the machine. Tall
grass can hide obstacles.
• Keep hands and feet away from moving parts. If
possible, do not make adjustments with the engine
running.
6
Sound Pressure
• Keep all parts in good working condition and all
hardware tightened. Replace all worn or damaged
decals.
Model 22972
• Keep nuts and bolts tight. Keep equipment in good
condition.
This unit has a sound pressure level at the operator’s
ear of 89 dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K)
of 1.0 dBA.
• Never tamper with safety devices.
• Keep the machine free of grass, leaves, or other
debris build-up. Clean up oil or fuel spillage. Allow
the machine to cool before storing.
Sound pressure level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 11201.
• Use extra care when handling gasoline and other
fuels. They are flammable and vapors are explosive.
Model 22973
This unit has a sound pressure level at the operator’s
ear of 90 dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K)
of 1.0 dBA.
– Use only an approved container.
– Never remove the gas cap or add fuel when
the engine is running. Allow the engine to cool
before refueling. Do not smoke.
Sound pressure level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 11201.
– Never refuel the machine indoors.
Model 22974
– Never store the machine or fuel container inside
where there is an open flame, such as near a
water heater or furnace.
This unit has a sound pressure level at the operator’s
ear of 93 dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K)
of 1.0 dBA.
– Never fill a container while it is inside a vehicle,
trunk, pick-up bed, or any surface other than the
ground.
Sound pressure level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 11201.
– Keep container nozzle in contact with the tank
during filling.
Sound Power
• Stop and inspect the equipment if you strike an
object. Make any necessary repairs before restarting.
Model 22972
• Use only genuine Toro replacement parts to ensure
that original standards are maintained.
This unit has a guaranteed sound power level of 107
dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K) of 3.75
dBA.
• Battery safety (electric start models only):
– Charge batteries in an open, well ventilated
area, away from spark and flames. Unplug the
charger before connecting or disconnecting it
from the battery. Wear protective clothing and
use insulated tools.
Sound power level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 3744.
Model 22973
This unit has a guaranteed sound power level of 108
dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K) of 3.75
dBA.
– Battery acid is poisonous and can cause burns.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Protect your face, eyes, and clothing when
working with a battery.
Sound power level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 3744.
– Battery gases can explode. Keep cigarettes,
sparks and flames away from the battery.
Model 22974
• Keep your body and hands away from pin hole
leaks or nozzles that eject high pressure hydraulic
fluid. Use cardboard or paper to find hydraulic
leaks; never use your hands. Hydraulic fluid escaping
under pressure can penetrate skin and cause injury
requiring surgery within a few hours by a qualified
surgeon or gangrene may result.
This unit has a guaranteed sound power level of 107
dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K) of 3.75
dBA.
Sound power level was determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 3744.
7
Vibration
Model 22972
Measured vibration level for right hand = 2.1 m/s2
Measured vibration level for left hand = 2.0 m/s2
Uncertainty Value (K) = 1.1 m/s2
Measured values were determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643.
Model 22973
Measured vibration level for right hand = 2.3 m/s2
Measured vibration level for left hand = 2.1 m/s2
Uncertainty Value (K) = 1.1 m/s2
Measured values were determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643.
Model 22974
Measured vibration level for right hand = 1.8 m/s2
Measured vibration level for left hand = 2.0 m/s2
Uncertainty Value (K) = 1.00 m/s2
Measured values were determined according to the
procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643.
8
Slope Indicator
G011841
Figure 3
This page may be copied for personal use.
1. To determine the maximum slope you can safely operate the machine on, refer to the Slope Operation section. Use the slope
indicator to determine the degree of slope of hills before operating. Do not operate this machine on a slope greater than that
specified in the Slope Operation section. Fold along the appropriate line to match the recommended slope.
2. Align this edge with a vertical surface, a tree, building, fence pole, etc.
3. Example of how to compare slope with folded edge.
9
Safety and Instructional Decals
Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any area of
potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or lost.
115-1230
1. Warning—do not operate this machine unless you are trained.
2. Engine—stop
3. Engine—run
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Trencher chain—reverse
Trencher chain—forward
Trencher chain—off
Engine throttle
Fast
Slow
Choke
On/Closed
Off/Open
13. Read the Operator's Manual before starting the engine; to start the engine, move the trencher control lever into the Off position,
place the traction control in Neutral, move the engine speed to Fast and the choke to On/Closed, turn the ignition key to run,
and release the parking brake once the engine has started.
14. Read the Operator's Manual before operating the trencher; to operate the trencher, lower the boom, move the trencher control
lever to the reference bar, pull the traction control rearward to move in reverse and dig the trench.
10
115-1231
6. Explosion hazard; shock hazard—do not use machine near
1. Cutting/dismemberment hazard of bystanders,
buried utility lines; contact the proper agencies before digging.
trencher—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine;
do not operate the trencher chain while transporting the
machine.
7. Boom elevation
2. Explosion hazard, fueling—stop the engine and extinguish
all flames when fueling.
3. Tipping/crushing hazard—lower the trencher head when
operating on slopes.
8. Lower the boom
4. Warning—stay away from moving parts; wait for all moving
parts to stop
9. Raise the boom
5. Warning—lower the boom, engage the parking brake and
stop the engine, remove the ignition key, before leaving the
machine.
99-9952
1. Cutting hazard, chain and auger—stay away from moving parts and keep bystanders away from the machine.
2. Warning—stop the engine and remove the key before preforming maintenance or repairs.
3. Explosion and/or electric shock hazard—do not dig in areas with buried gas or power lines.
11
115-4020
1. Turn right
3. Reverse
2. Forward
4. Turn left
93-7814
1. Entanglement hazard, belt—stay away from moving parts.
100-4650
1. Crushing hazard of hand—keep bystanders a safe distance
from the machine.
2. Crushing hazard of foot—keep bystanders a safe distance
from the machine.
93-6686
1. Hydraulic oil
2. Read the Operator's Manual.
107-8495
1. Parking brake
93-9084
1. Lift point
2. Tie-down point
117–2718
12
Battery Symbols
Some or all of these symbols are on your battery
1. Explosion hazard
6. Keep bystanders a safe
distance from the battery.
2. No fire, open flame, or
smoking.
7. Wear eye protection;
explosive gases can
cause blindness and other
injuries
3. Caustic liquid/chemical
burn hazard
4. Wear eye protection
8. Battery acid can cause
blindness or severe burns.
9. Flush eyes immediately
with water and get medical
help fast.
5. Read the Operator's
Manual.
10. Contains lead; do not
discard.
13
Setup
Loose Parts
Use the chart below to verify that all parts have been shipped.
Procedure
1
2
3
Description
Use
Qty.
Boom (sold separately)
Chain (sold separately)
1
1
Install the boom and chain.
No parts required
–
Check the fluid levels.
No parts required
–
Charge the battery.
1
Installing the Boom and Chain
Parts needed for this procedure:
1
Boom (sold separately)
1
Chain (sold separately)
Procedure
Figure 4
Important: There are several boom and chain size
configurations available. Refer to you Authorized
Service Dealer to obtain the appropriate boom and
chain to meet your requirements.
1. Spoils auger
6. Adjusting bolt
2. Boom
3. Bolts
4. Double washer
7. Jam nut
8. Arm on the drive head
9. Drive sprocket
1. Stop the engine and remove the key.
5. Nuts
2. Remove the bolt, 2 saddle washers, and nut securing
the spoils auger and remove the auger (Figure 4).
Save the fasteners for future use.
3. Remove the 2 bolts, nuts, and double washers from
the sides of the boom (Figure 4).
4. Loosen the adjusting bolt and jam nut (Figure 4).
5. Slide the boom over the arm on the drive head.
6. Install the 2 bolts, nuts, and double washers removed
in step 3 through the boom and arm, but do not
tighten them.
7. If the chain is not connected, connect the links by
pressing or hammering the clevis pin supplied with
the chain through the links.
Important: To avoid bending the chain links,
place blocks under and between the links when
hammering the clevis pin through.
8. Secure the clevis pin with the cotter pin supplied
with the chain.
14
Product Overview
9. Loop the digging chain over the auger drive shaft and
onto the drive sprocket, ensuring that the digging
teeth point forward on the upper span.
10. Set the upper span of the chain into place on the
trencher boom, then wrap the chain around the
roller at the end of the boom.
11. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn
it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3
cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span.
12. Thread the jam nut down the adjusting bolt and
tighten it securely against the boom.
13. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to
135 to 165 ft-lb (183 to 223 N-m).
Figure 5
14. Install the spoils auger using the bolt, 2 saddle
washer, and nut you removed previously.
1. Control
panel
4. Chain
guard
7. Boom
2. Engine
5. Chain
3. Spoils
auger
6. Digging
teeth
8. Trencher
head
9. Track
15. Torque the bolt and nut to 75 ft-lb (101 N-m).
2
10. Reverse
safety
plate
Controls
Checking Fluid Levels
Become familiar with all the controls (Figure 6) before
you start the engine and operate the machine.
No Parts Required
5
6
7 3
1
8
4
2
Procedure
Before starting the engine for the first time, check the
engine oil and hydraulic fluid levels; refer to Operation
for more information.
3
G007801
Figure 6
Charging the Battery (Electric
Start Models Only)
No Parts Required
Procedure
1. Traction control
2. Boom elevation lever
3. Trencher control lever
5. Throttle lever
6. Choke lever
7. Key switch
4. Reference bar
8. Hour meter
Key Switch, Model 22972
Charge the battery; refer to Servicing the Battery in
Maintenance for more information.
The key switch has 2 positions: off and run.
To start the engine, rotate the key to the run position,
then pull the recoil handle on the engine.
To stop the engine, rotate the key to the off position.
15
Key Switch, Electric Start Models
The key switch has three positions: off, run, and start.
To start the engine, rotate the key to the start position.
Release the key when engine starts and it will move
automatically to the run position.
To stop the engine, rotate the key to the off position.
Figure 8
Throttle Lever
Move the control forward to increase the engine speed
and rearward to decrease speed.
• To move rearward, move the traction control
rearward (Figure 9). When reversing, look behind
for obstructions and keep your hands on the
reference bar (Figure 7).
Choke Lever
Before starting a cold engine, move the choke lever
forward. After the engine starts, regulate the choke to
keep the engine running smoothly. As soon as possible,
move the choke lever all the way rearward.
Note: A warm engine requires little or no choking.
Hour Meter
Figure 9
When the engine is off, the hour meter displays the
number of hours of operation that have been logged
on the machine.
• To turn right, rotate the traction control clockwise
(Figure 10).
Reference Bar
When driving the machine, use the reference bar as a
handle and a leverage point for controlling the traction
control and the trencher control lever. To ensure
smooth, controlled operation, do not take both hands
off of the reference bar while operating the machine.
G008131
Traction Control
Figure 10
• To turn left, rotate the traction control
counterclockwise (Figure 11).
Figure 7
1. Reference bar (does not move to give you a reference point
and a fixed handle to hold while operating the traction unit)
G008132
2. Traction control (moves to control the machine)
Figure 11
• To move forward, move the traction control forward
(Figure 8).
• To stop, release the traction control (Figure 7).
16
Note: The farther you move the traction control in
any direction, the faster the machine will move in that
direction.
Boom Elevation Lever
To lower the boom, slowly move the lever forward
(Figure 12).
To raise the boom, slowly move the lever rearward
(Figure 12).
Figure 13
1. Boom elevation lever
2. Boom elevation lock
Trencher Control Lever
To dig with the trencher, rotate the lever rearward and
pull it down to the reference bar (Figure 14, number 1).
Figure 12
1. Lower the boom
2. Raise the boom
To reverse the trencher head, rotate the lever rearward,
then move it left into the upper slot (Figure 14, number
2).
Boom Elevation Lock
If you release the lever, it will automatically return to
the neutral position (Figure 14, number 3), stopping the
chain.
The boom elevation lock secures the boom elevation
lever so that you cannot push it forward. This helps
to ensure that no one will accidentally lower the boom
during maintenance. Secure the boom with the lock
anytime you need to stop the machine with the boom
raised.
To set the lock, lift up on it so it clears the hole in the
control panel and swing it to the right in front of the
boom elevation lever, pushing it down into the locked
position (Figure 13).
Figure 14
1. Forward
2. Reverse
17
3. Neutral
Parking Brake Lever
Operation
• To set the parking brake, pull the brake lever
rearward and up (Figure 15).
Note: Determine the left and right sides of the
machine from the normal operating position.
• To release the brake, pull the lever rearward and then
down (Figure 15).
Important: Before operating, check the fuel and
oil level, and remove debris from the machine.
Also, ensure that the area is clear of people and
debris. You should also know and have marked the
locations of all utility lines.
1
Adding Fuel
Use unleaded gasoline (87 pump octane minimum).
Leaded, regular gasoline may be used if unleaded is not
available.
G007804
DANGER
Figure 15
In certain conditions, gasoline is extremely
flammable and highly explosive. A fire or explosion
from gasoline can burn you and others and can
damage property.
1. Parking brake lever (in the released position)
Specifications
• Fill the fuel tank outdoors, in an open area,
when the engine is cold. Wipe up any gasoline
that spills.
Note: Specifications and design are subject to change
without notice.
Width
Length, with 24 inch (70
cm) boom
• Never fill the fuel tank inside an enclosed trailer.
33.8 inches (86 cm)
• Do not fill the fuel tank completely full. Add
gasoline to the fuel tank until the level is 1/4 to
1/2 inch (6 to 13 mm) below the bottom of the
filler neck. This empty space in the tank allows
gasoline to expand.
82.5 inches (209.5 cm)
Length, with 36 inch (91.4
cm) boom
92.6 inches (235 cm)
Length, with 48 inch (122
cm) boom (model 22974
only)
111.2 inches (282.5 cm)
Height
• Never smoke when handling gasoline, and stay
away from an open flame or where gasoline
fumes may be ignited by a spark.
46 inches (117 cm)
Weight (model 22972)*
1100 lb (499 Kg)
Weight (model 22973)*
1185 lb (538 Kg)
Weight (model 22974)*
1208 lb (578 Kg)
• Store gasoline in an approved container and
keep it out of the reach of children. Never buy
more than a 30-day supply of gasoline.
• Do not operate without entire exhaust system
in place and in proper working condition.
* A 36 inch (91.4 cm) boom and chain will add about 60 lb to the listed weight.
Attachments/Accessories
A selection of Toro approved attachments and
accessories is available for use with the machine to
enhance and expand its capabilities. Contact your
Authorized Service Dealer or Distributor or go to
www.Toro.com for a list of all approved attachments
and accessories.
18
Filling the Fuel Tank
DANGER
1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the
boom, and stop the engine.
2. Remove the key and allow the engine to cool.
3. Clean around the fuel tank cap and remove it
(Figure 16).
In certain conditions during fueling, static
electricity can be released causing a spark which
can ignite the gasoline vapors. A fire or explosion
from gasoline can burn you and others and can
damage property.
• Always place gasoline containers on the ground
away from your vehicle before filling.
• Do not fill gasoline containers inside a vehicle
or on a truck or trailer bed because interior
carpets or plastic truck bed liners may insulate
the container and slow the loss of any static
charge.
• When practical, remove gas-powered
equipment from the truck or trailer and refuel
the equipment with its wheels on the ground.
1. Fuel tank cap
• If this is not possible, then refuel such
equipment on a truck or trailer from a portable
container, rather than from a gasoline dispenser
nozzle.
4. Add unleaded gasoline to the fuel tank, until the
level is 1/4 to 1/2 inch below the bottom of the
filler neck.
Figure 16
Important: This space in the tank allows
gasoline to expand. Do not fill the fuel tank
completely full.
5. Install the fuel tank cap securely.
6. Wipe up any gasoline that may have spilled.
• If a gasoline dispenser nozzle must be used,
keep the nozzle in contact with the rim of the
fuel tank or container opening at all times until
fueling is complete.
Important: Do not use methanol, gasoline
containing methanol, or gasohol containing more
than 10% ethanol because the fuel system could be
damaged. Do not mix oil with gasoline.
Checking the Engine Oil Level
Service Interval: Before each use or daily
1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the
boom, and stop the engine.
2. Remove the key and allow the engine to cool.
3. Clean around the oil dipstick (Figure 17).
Using Stabilizer/Conditioner
Use a fuel stabilizer/conditioner in the machine to
provide the following benefits:
• Keeps gasoline fresh during storage of 90 days or
less. For longer storage it is recommended that the
fuel tank be drained.
• Cleans the engine while it runs
• Eliminates gum-like varnish buildup in the fuel
system, which causes hard starting
Important: Do not use fuel additives containing
methanol or ethanol.
Figure 17
Add the correct amount of gas stabilizer/conditioner
to the gas.
1. Oil filler hole
2. Oil dipstick
Note: A fuel stabilizer/conditioner is most effective
when mixed with fresh gasoline. To minimize the
chance of varnish deposits in the fuel system, use fuel
stabilizer at all times.
3. Full mark
4. Add mark
4. Remove the dipstick and wipe the end clean
(Figure 17).
19
5. Slide the dipstick fully into the dipstick tube without
threading it into the filler neck (Figure 17).
6. Pull the dipstick out and look at the end. The
oil should be between the Add and Full marks
(Figure 17).
7. If the oil is below the Add mark, add 10w30 engine
oil to the filler hole, checking the level frequently
with the dipstick, until the oil level reaches the Full
mark.
8. Replace the dipstick.
Figure 19
Checking the Hydraulic Fluid
Level
1. Filler neck cap
Service Interval: Every 25 hours
2. Hydraulic fluid filter
6. If the level is low, add fluid until it is visible in the
glass bubble.
Hydraulic Tank Capacity: 6 US gallons (23 l)
7. Install the cap and filter on the filler neck and torque
bolt on top to 110 to 140 inch-lb (13 to 15.5 N-m).
Refer to Changing the Hydraulic Fluid (page 41) for
hydraulic fluid specifications.
1. Park the machine on a level surface and lower the
boom.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and allow the
engine to cool.
3. Look into the glass bubble on the right side of the
machine. If you cannot see hydraulic fluid in the
bubble, continue this procedure to add fluid.
1
G007808
Figure 18
1. Hydraulic fluid check bubble
4. Remove the cover plate; refer to Removing the
Cover Plate.
5. Clean the area around the filler neck of the hydraulic
tank and remove the cap and filter from the filler
neck using a socket (Figure 19).
20
Starting and Stopping the
Engine
position for 2 to 5 minutes before moving the
throttle to fast (rabbit).
Note: If the outdoor temperature is below freezing,
store the machine in a garage to keep it warmer and
aid in starting.
Starting the Engine
1. Move the throttle lever midway between Slow and
Fast positions (Figure 20).
1
2
Stopping the Engine
3
1. Move the throttle lever to the Slow position
(Figure 20).
2. Lower the boom (Figure 21).
G007809
Figure 20
1. Throttle lever
3. Key
2. Choke lever
2. Move the choke lever to the On position (Figure 20).
Note: A warm or hot engine may not require
choking.
3. Start the engine as follows for your model:
• For model 22972, turn the key to the On
position then pull the recoil handle on top of
the engine.
• For an electric start model, turn the key to the
On position (Figure 20). When the engine starts,
release the key.
Figure 21
3. Turn the key off (Figure 20).
Note: If the engine has been working hard or
is hot, let it idle for a minute before turning the
ignition key off. This helps cool the engine before
it is stopped. In an emergency, the engine may be
stopped immediately.
Important: Do not engage the starter for
more than 10 seconds at a time. If the engine
fails to start, allow a 30 second cool-down
period between attempts. Failure to follow
these instructions can burn out the starter
motor.
4. Gradually move the choke lever to the Off position
(Figure 20). If the engine stalls or hesitates, engage
the choke again until the engine warms up.
5. Move the throttle lever to the desired setting
(Figure 20).
4. Remove the key.
Stopping the Machine
To stop the machine, release the traction control, move
the throttle lever to slow (turtle), lower the boom to
the ground, and stop the engine. Set the parking brake
and remove the key.
CAUTION
Important: If the engine is run at high speeds
when the hydraulic system is cold (i.e., when
the ambient air temperature is near freezing or
lower), hydraulic system damage could occur.
When starting the engine in cold conditions,
allow the engine to run in the middle throttle
A child or untrained bystander could attempt to
operate the machine and be injured.
Remove the key from the switch when leaving the
machine, even if just for a few seconds.
21
Moving a Non-functioning
Machine
Note: If you move too fast, the trencher will stall.
If it stalls, raise it slightly, slowly drive forward, or
reverse the chain direction momentarily.
Important: Do not tow or pull the machine
without first opening the tow valves, or the
hydraulic system will be damaged.
5. When finished, raise the boom out of the trench,
then stop the trencher.
1. Stop the engine.
Securing the Machine for
Transport
2. Remove the bottom shield.
3. Using a wrench, turn the tow valves on the hydraulic
pumps twice counter-clockwise (Figure 22).
When transporting the machine on a trailer, always use
the following procedure:
Important: Do not operate or drive the machine
on roadways.
1. Stop the engine.
2. Lower the boom.
3. Secure the machine to the trailer with chains or
straps using the tie-down/lift loops at the front and
rear of the machine (Figure 23 and Figure 24). Refer
to your local ordinances for trailer and tie-down
requirements.
1
G007816
Figure 22
1. Tow valves
4. Install the bottom shield and tow the machine as
required.
5. When the machine has been repaired, close the tow
valves before operating it.
Digging a Trench
Figure 23
1. Front tie-down loop
1. Start the engine, raise the boom, set the throttle
lever to the Fast position, and move the machine
over the area to be trenched.
2. Pull the trencher control lever to the reference bar
to engage the trencher.
3. Slowly lower the boom and chain into the ground.
Note: To achieve the maximum depth, you may
need to lower the boom as far into the ground as
it will go with the chain running. Then, stop the
chain and lower it fully. Start the chain again and
resume operation.
4. Once the trencher boom is in the ground at a 45
to 60 degree angle, slowly move the traction unit
rearward to extend the trench.
G007818
1
Figure 24
1. Rear tie-down loops
22
Lifting the Machine
Operating Tips
You can lift the machine using the tie-down/lift loops
as lift points (Figure 23 and Figure 24).
• Clean the area of trash, branches and rocks before
trenching to prevent equipment damage.
• Always begin trenching with the slowest ground
speed possible. Increase speed if conditions permit.
If the chain speed slows down, reduce ground speed
to keep the chain moving at its fastest rate. Do not
spin the tracks while trenching.
• Always use full throttle (maximum engine speed)
when trenching.
• Always trench backwards (i.e., in reverse).
• Trench with the chain at a 45 to 60 degree angle
for best results.
• You will be able to dig a trench faster by controlling
the depth with periodic adjustments of the boom.
• If the trencher binds in the soil, reverse the chain
direction. Once the chain is loose, change chain
directions and continue trenching.
• If you need the finished trench to be cleaner than
what is possible with the trencher, you can purchase
a crumber from your dealer. The crumber mounts
onto the trencher head and scrapes the trench clean
as you dig.
• To improve the quality of trenches less than 24 inch
(60.9 cm) deep, use a 24 inch (60.9 cm) boom.
• If the lift speed of the machine is too slow or too
fast, adjust the bolt indicated in Figure 25.
1
G020996
Figure 25
1. Lift speed adjustment bolt
• Use the correct chain for the ground conditions, as
listed in the following table:
23
Soil Type
Recommended Chain Type
Sandy
Soil chain (re-configure with
extra teeth for added digging
speed; refer to your Authorized
Service Dealer)
Sandy Loam/Loam/Loamy
Clay
Wet, sticky clay
Soil chain
Hard soils: dry clay and
compacted soils
Combination chain
Rocky soil/gravel
Rock chain
Soil chain
24
Maintenance
Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position.
Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s)
Maintenance Service
Interval
Maintenance Procedure
After the first 8 hours
• Change the engine oil.
After the first 50 hours
• Check and adjust the track tension.
Before each use or daily
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Check the engine oil level.
Grease the machine. (Grease immediately after every washing.)
Check the engine oil level.
Check the condition of and clean the tracks.
Check the condition of the digging teeth and replace any that are worn or damaged.
Remove debris from the machine.
Check for loose fasteners.
Every 25 hours
•
•
•
•
Check the hydraulic fluid level.
Clean the foam air cleaner element.
Check the battery electrolyte level.
Check the digging chain for excessive wear and proper tension.
Every 40 hours
• Grease the trencher housing.
Every 50 hours
• Check the paper air cleaner element.
•
•
•
•
Change the engine oil.
Check the spark plugs.
Check and adjust the track tension.
Check the hydraulic lines for leaks, loose fittings, kinked lines, loose mounting
supports, wear, weather, and chemical deterioration and repair if necessary.
Every 200 hours
•
•
•
•
Replace the paper air cleaner element.
Change the oil filter.
Replace the fuel filter.
Replace the hydraulic filter.
Every 250 hours
• Replace the primary air filter and check the condtion of the safety filter (Model 22974)
• Check and grease the road wheels.
Every 400 hours
• Change the hydraulic fluid.
Every 100 hours
Every 1,500 hours
• Replace all moving hydraulic hoses.
Yearly or before storage
• Check and adjust the track tension.
• Check and adjust the chain tension.
• Touch up chipped paint
Important: Refer to your Engine Operator's Manual for additional maintenance procedures.
CAUTION
If you leave the key in the ignition switch, someone could accidently start the engine and seriously injure
you or other bystanders.
Remove the key from the ignition and disconnect the wire from the spark plug before you do any
maintenance. Set the wire aside so that it does not accidentally contact the spark plug.
25
Premaintenance
Procedures
Installing the Cover Plate
Before opening any of the covers, stop the engine,
remove the key, and allow the engine to cool.
2. Slide the cover plate into place and secure it with the
three bolts you loosened previously (Figure 26).
1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the
key.
Important: The fasteners on the covers of this
machine are designed to remain on the cover after
removal . Loosen all of the fasteners on each cover a
few turns so that the cover is loose but still attached,
then go back and loosen them until the cover
comes free. This will prevent you from accidentally
stripping the bolts free of the retainers.
Removing the Bottom Shield
1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the
key.
2. Loosen the two bolts securing the bottom shield
sequentially until the shield is free (Figure 27).
Removing the Cover Plate
1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the
key.
WARNING
There is a belt under the cover that is moving
when the machine is running and can catch
fingers, hands, loose hair, and clothing, causing
serious injury, amputation, or death.
Figure 27
1. Bottom shield
2. Bolts
Always stop the engine and wait for all moving
parts to stop before removing the cover.
3. Tabs
3. Pull the shield back and out of the machine.
2. Loosen the bolt at the rear of the cover plate.
3. Loosen the three bolts securing the cover plate to the
frame sequentially until the cover is loose (Figure 26).
Installing the Bottom Shield
1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the
key.
1
2. Slide the bottom shield into the machine so that it
rests on all 4 tabs (Figure 27).
Note: You may need to lift up on the bottom shield
to ensure that it rests on the front tabs.
3. Secure the shield with the bolts you loosened
previously.
2
g015379
Figure 26
1. Cover plate
2. Bolts
4. Pull up on the rear of the cover plate until it clears
the engine and then pull it off over the bolt heads
and off of the machine.
26
Lubrication
Greasing the Machine
Service Interval: Before each use or daily (Grease
immediately after every washing.)
Grease Type: General-purpose grease.
1. Lower the boom and stop the engine. Remove the
key.
Figure 30
2. Clean the grease fittings with a rag.
3. Connect a grease gun to each fitting
(Figure 28 through Figure 31).
4. Pump grease into the fittings until grease begins to
ooze out of the bearings (approximately 3 pumps).
5. Wipe up any excess grease.
Figure 31
Greasing the Trencher
Housing
Figure 28
Service Interval: Every 40 hours
Grease Type: General-purpose grease.
1. Lower the boom and stop the engine. Remove the
key.
2. Clean the trencher housing grease fitting with a rag
and connect a grease gun to it (Figure 32).
Figure 29
27
Engine Maintenance
Servicing the Air Cleaner
(Models 22972 and 22973)
Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Clean the foam air
cleaner element.
Every 50 hours—Check the paper air
cleaner element.
Every 200 hours/Yearly (whichever
comes first)—Replace the paper air
cleaner element.
Figure 32
3. Pump grease into the fitting until grease comes out
of the grease valve located next to the fitting.
Inspect the foam and paper elements and replace them
if they are damaged or excessively dirty.
4. Wipe up any excess grease.
Note: Service the air cleaner more frequently (every
few operating hours) if the operating conditions are
extremely dusty or sandy.
Important: Do not oil the foam or paper element.
Removing the Foam and Paper
Elements
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Clean around the air cleaner to prevent dirt
from getting into the engine and causing damage
(Figure 33).
4. Unscrew the cover knobs and remove the air cleaner
cover (Figure 33).
5. Unscrew the hose clamp and remove the air cleaner
assembly (Figure 33).
6. Carefully pull the foam element off the paper
element (Figure 33).
28
Servicing the Air Cleaner
(Model 22974)
Service Interval: Every 250 hours
Servicing the Air Cleaner Cover and
Body
1. Stop the engine and remove the key.
2. Check the air cleaner body for damage which could
cause an air leak. Check the whole intake system
for leaks, damage, or loose hose clamps. Replace or
repair and damaged components.
3. Release the latches on the air cleaner and pull the air
cleaner cover off of the air cleaner body (Figure 34).
Figure 33
1. Cover
3. Paper element
2. Hose clamp
4. Foam element
Important: Do not remove the air filters yet.
1
2
3
4
Cleaning the Foam Air Cleaner Element
1. Wash the foam element in liquid soap and warm
water. When the element is clean, rinse it thoroughly.
2. Dry the element by squeezing it in a clean cloth.
Important: Replace the foam element if it is
torn or worn.
Servicing the Paper Air Cleaner
Element
5
G011475
Figure 34
1. Clean the paper element by tapping gently to remove
dust. If it is very dirty, replace the paper element
with a new one (Figure 33).
2. Inspect the element for tears, an oily film, or damage
to the rubber seal.
3. Replace the paper element if it is damaged.
1. Air filter body
4. Air cleaner cover
2. Safety filter
5. Dust cap
3. Primary filter
4. Squeeze the dust cap sides to open it and knock the
dust out.
5. Clean the inside of the air cleaner cover with
compressed air.
Do not clean the paper filter. Replace it after 200
operating hours (Figure 33). Inspect the element for
tears, an oily film, or damage to the rubber seal, and
replace it if it is damaged.
Replacing the Filters
Installing the Foam and Paper Elements
1. Gently slide the primary filter out of the air cleaner
body (Figure 34). Avoid knocking the filter into the
side of the body.
Important: To prevent engine damage, always
operate the engine with the complete foam and
paper air cleaner assembly installed.
1. Carefully slide the foam element onto the paper air
cleaner element (Figure 33).
2. Place the air cleaner assembly onto the air cleaner
base or hose and secure it (Figure 33).
3. Place the air cleaner cover into position and tighten
the cover knobs (Figure 33).
Important: Do not attempt to clean the primary
filter.
2. Check the condition of the safety filter without
removing it. If it is dirty or damaged, replace it.
Important: Never attempt to clean the safety
filter.
29
3. Inspect the new filter(s) for damage by looking into
the filter while shining a bright light on the outside
of the filter. Holes in the filter will appear as bright
spots. Inspect the element for tears, an oily film, or
damage to the rubber seal. If the filter is damaged
do not use it.
4. If you are replacing the safety filter, carefully slide
the new filter into the filter body (Figure 34).
Important: To prevent engine damage, always
operate the engine with both air filters and cover
installed.
5. Carefully slide the primary filter over the safety filter
(Figure 34). Ensure that it is fully seated by pushing
on the outer rim of the filter while installing it.
Figure 35
Important: Do not press on the soft inside area
of the filter.
Checking the Engine Oil Level
1. Park the machine on a level surface.
6. Install the air cleaner cover with the dust cap oriented
as shown in Figure 34 and secure the latches.
2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
Servicing the Engine Oil
3. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
Service Interval: After the first 8 hours—Change the
engine oil.
4. Clean around the oil dipstick (Figure 36) so that dirt
cannot fall into the filler hole and damage the engine.
Before each use or daily—Check the
engine oil level.
Every 100 hours—Change the engine
oil.
Every 200 hours—Change the oil
filter.
Note: Change the oil more frequently when the
operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy.
Oil Type: Detergent oil (API service SF, SG, SH, or SJ)
Figure 36
Crankcase Capacity: 58 ounces (1.7 liter) with the filter
removed; 51 ounces (1.5 liter) without the filter removed
1. Oil dipstick
Viscosity: Refer to the table (Figure 35).
2. Filler tube
5. Unscrew the oil dipstick and wipe the end clean
(Figure 36).
6. Slide the oil dipstick fully into the filler tube, but do
not thread onto tube (Figure 36).
7. Pull the dipstick out and look at the end. If the oil
level is low, slowly pour only enough oil into the filler
tube to raise the level to the Full mark.
Important: Do not overfill the crankcase with
oil and run the engine; engine damage can
result.
30
Changing the Oil
1. Start the engine and let it run five minutes. This
warms the oil so it drains better.
2. Park the machine so that the drain side is slightly
lower than the opposite side to ensure that the oil
drains completely.
3. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
4. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
Figure 38
5. Place a pan below the drain hose. Rotate the oil drain
valve to allow oil to drain (Figure 37).
1
1. Oil filter
2
2. Adapter
3. Apply a thin coat of new oil to the rubber gasket on
the replacement filter (Figure 38).
4. Install the replacement oil filter to the filter adapter,
turn the oil filter clockwise until the rubber gasket
contacts the filter adapter, then tighten the filter an
additional 3/4 turn (Figure 38).
5. Fill the crankcase with the proper type of new oil;
refer to Servicing the Engine Oil.
6. Run the engine for about 3 minutes, stop the engine,
and check for oil leaks around the oil filter and drain
valve.
g015380
Figure 37
1. Oil drain valve
7. Check the engine oil level and add oil if needed.
2. Oil drain hose
8. Wipe up any spilled oil.
6. When oil has drained completely, close the drain
valve.
Servicing the Spark Plug
7. Dispose of the used oil at a recycling center
Service Interval: Every 100 hours—Check the spark
plugs.
8. Slowly pour approximately 80% of the specified oil
into the filler tube (Figure 36).
Ensure that the air gap between the center and side
electrodes is correct before installing the spark plug.
Use a spark plug wrench for removing and installing the
spark plug and a gapping tool/feeler gauge to check and
adjust the air gap. Install a new spark plug if necessary.
9. Check the oil level; refer to Checking the Engine Oil
Level.
10. Slowly add the additional oil to bring it to the Full
mark.
Type: NGK BPR4Es or equivalent; Air Gap: 0.030 inch
(0.75 mm)
Changing the Oil Filter
Removing the Spark Plug
1. Drain the oil from the engine; refer to Changing the
Engine Oil.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Remove the old filter (Figure 38).
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Disconnect the wire from the spark plug (Figure 39).
31
Important: Always replace the spark plug when
it has worn electrodes, an oily film on it, or has
cracks in the porcelain.
3. Check the gap between the center and side electrodes
(Figure 40). Bend the side electrode (Figure 40) if
the gap is not correct.
Installing the Spark Plug
1. Install the spark plug and the metal washer. Ensure
that the air gap is set correctly.
1
2. Tighten the spark plug to 16 ft-lb (22 N-m).
Figure 39
3. Connect the wire to the spark plug (Figure 40).
1. Spark-plug wire/spark plug
4. Clean around the spark plug to prevent dirt from
falling into the engine and potentially causing
damage.
Note: The heat shield may interfere on the right
side; remove it if necessary and replace it when
finished.
5. Remove the spark plug and the metal washer.
Checking the Spark Plug
1. Look at the center of the spark plug (Figure 40).
If you see light brown or gray on the insulator, the
engine is operating properly. A black coating on the
insulator usually means that the air cleaner is dirty.
2. If needed, clean the spark plug with a wire brush to
remove carbon deposits.
Figure 40
1. Center electrode insulator
3. Air gap (not to scale)
2. Side electrode
32
Fuel System
Maintenance
7. Install the fuel line onto the fuel shut-off valve. Slide
the hose clamp close to the valve to secure the fuel
line.
8. Wipe up any spilled fuel.
Draining the Fuel Tank
Replacing the Fuel Filter
DANGER
Service Interval: Every 200 hours
In certain conditions, gasoline is extremely
flammable and highly explosive. A fire or explosion
from gasoline can burn you and others and can
damage property.
• Drain gasoline from the fuel tank when the
engine is cold. Do this outdoors in an open area.
Wipe up any gasoline that spills.
• Never smoke when draining gasoline, and stay
away from an open flame or where a spark may
ignite the gasoline fumes.
Never install a dirty filter if it is removed from the fuel
line.
Note: Note how the fuel filter is installed in order to
install the new filter correctly.
Note: Wipe up any spilled fuel.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
1. Park the machine on a level surface, to ensure that
the fuel tank drains completely.
2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
3. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
4. Turn the fuel shut-off valve to the closed position
(Figure 41).
3. Turn the fuel shut-off valve to the closed position
(Figure 41).
4. Squeeze the ends of the hose clamps together and
slide them away from the filter (Figure 42).
Figure 42
Figure 41
1. Hose clamp
1. Fuel shut-off valve
3. Filter
2. Fuel line
5. Squeeze the ends of the hose clamp on the engine
side of the shut-off valve together and slide it up the
fuel line away from valve (Figure 41).
6. Pull the fuel line off the valve (Figure 41). Open the
fuel shut-off valve and allow the gasoline to drain
into a gas can or drain pan.
5. Remove the filter from the fuel lines.
6. Install a new filter and move the hose clamps close
to the filter.
7. Turn the fuel shut-off valve to the open position
(Figure 41).
Note: Now is the best time to install a new fuel filter
because the fuel tank is empty. Refer to Replacing
the Fuel Filter.
8. Check for fuel leaks and repair if needed.
9. Wipe up any spilled fuel.
33
Electrical System
Maintenance
WARNING
Incorrect battery cable routing could damage the
machine and cables causing sparks. Sparks can
cause the battery gasses to explode, resulting in
personal injury.
Servicing the Battery (Models
22973 and 22974)
• Always Disconnect the negative (black) battery
cable before disconnecting the positive (red)
cable.
Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Check the battery
electrolyte level.
• Always Reconnect the positive (red) battery
cable before reconnecting the negative (black)
cable.
Always keep the battery clean and fully charged. Use
a paper towel to clean the battery case. If the battery
terminals are corroded, clean them with a solution of
four parts water and one part baking soda. Apply a light
coating of grease to the battery terminals to prevent
corrosion.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
Voltage: 12 V with 280 cold cranking Amps @ 0 degrees
F (-18 degrees C).
3. Lift the black rubber cover on the negative cable.
Disconnect the negative battery cable from the
negative (-) battery terminal (Figure 43).
WARNING
CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
Battery posts, terminals, and related
accessories contain lead and lead compounds,
chemicals known to the State of California
to cause cancer and reproductive harm.
Wash hands after handling.
DANGER
Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric acid which is a
deadly poison and causes severe burns.
Do not drink electrolyte and avoid contact with
skin, eyes or clothing. Wear safety glasses to shield
your eyes and rubber gloves to protect your hands.
Removing the Battery
WARNING
Battery terminals or metal tools could short against
metal machine components causing sparks. Sparks
can cause the battery gasses to explode, resulting
in personal injury.
• When removing or installing the battery, do not
allow the battery terminals to touch any metal
parts of the machine.
• Do not allow metal tools to short between
the battery terminals and metal parts of the
machine.
Figure 43
1. Negative cable
7. Positive cable
2. Nut (1/4 inch)
8. Battery hold down plate
3. Nut (5/16 inch)
4. Bolt
5. Rubber cover (red)
6. Rubber cover (black)
34
9. Washer
10. J-bolt
11. Battery
Adding Water to the Battery
4. Slide the red terminal boot off the positive (red)
battery terminal. Then remove the positive (red)
battery cable (Figure 43).
The best time to add distilled water to the battery is just
before you operate the machine. This lets the water mix
thoroughly with the electrolyte solution.
5. Remove the hold down plate, j-bolts, and locknuts
securing the battery (Figure 43) and remove the
battery.
1. Remove the battery from the machine; refer to
Removing the Battery.
Important: Never fill the battery with distilled
water while the battery is installed in the
machine. Electrolyte could be spilled on other
parts and cause corrosion.
Installing the Battery
1. Place the battery onto the machine (Figure 43).
2. Secure the battery with the hold down plate, j-bolts,
and locknuts.
2. Clean the top of the battery with a paper towel.
3. First, install the positive (red) battery cable to
positive (+) battery terminal with a nut, washer and
bolt (Figure 43). Slide the rubber cover over the post.
3. Remove the vent caps from the battery (Figure 44).
4. Slowly pour distilled water into each battery cell
until the electrolyte level is up to the Upper line
(Figure 44) on the battery case.
4. Then install the negative battery cable and ground
wire to the negative (-) battery terminal with a nut,
washer and bolt (Figure 43). Slide the rubber cover
over the post.
Important: Do not overfill the battery because
electrolyte (sulfuric acid) can cause severe
corrosion and damage to the chassis.
Checking the Battery Electrolyte Level
5. Wait five to ten minutes after filling the battery cells.
Add distilled water, if necessary, until the electrolyte
level is up to the Upper line (Figure 44) on the
battery case.
DANGER
Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric acid which is a
deadly poison and causes severe burns.
6. Install the battery vent caps.
• Do not drink electrolyte and avoid contact with
skin, eyes or clothing. Wear safety glasses to
shield your eyes and rubber gloves to protect
your hands.
Charging the Battery
WARNING
Charging the battery produces gasses that can
explode.
• Fill the battery where clean water is always
available for flushing the skin.
Never smoke near the battery and keep sparks and
flames away from battery.
1. Look at the side of the battery. The electrolyte must
be up to the upper line (Figure 44). Do not allow the
electrolyte to fall below the Lower line (Figure 44).
Important: Always keep the battery fully charged
(1.265 specific gravity). This is especially important
to prevent battery damage when the temperature is
below 32°F (0°C).
1. Remove the battery from the chassis; refer to
Removing the Battery.
2. Check the electrolyte level; refer to Checking the
Electrolyte Level.
Figure 44
1. Vent caps
3. Make sure the filler caps are installed in battery.
Connect a 3 to 4 amp battery charger to the battery
posts. Charge the battery at a rate of 3 to 4 amperes
for 4 to 8 hours (12 volts). Do not overcharge the
battery.
3. Lower line
2. Upper line
2. If the electrolyte is low, add the required amount of
distilled water; refer to Adding Water to the Battery.
35
4. When the battery is fully charged, unplug the charger
from the electrical outlet, then disconnect the
charger leads from the battery posts (Figure 45).
Drive System
Maintenance
5. Install the battery onto the machine and connect the
battery cables, refer to Installing the Battery.
Servicing the Tracks
Note: Do not run the machine with the battery
disconnected, electrical damage may occur.
Cleaning the Tracks
Service Interval: Before each use or daily
Check the tracks for excessive wear and clean them
periodically. If the tracks are worn, replace them.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Using a water hose or pressure washer, remove dirt
from each track system.
Figure 45
1. Positive Battery Post
3. Red (+) Charger Lead
2. Negative Battery Post
4. Black (-) Charger Lead
Important: Ensure that you use high-pressure
water to wash only the track area. Do not use
a high-pressure washer to clean the rest of the
machine. High-pressure washing can damage the
electrical system and hydraulic valves or deplete
grease.
Replacing the Fuses (Models
22973 and 22974)
Important: Ensure that you fully clean the road
wheels and the drive sprocket (Figure 47).
There are 4 fuses in the electrical system. They are under
the control panel on the left side (Figure 46).
30
25
15
15
Start Circuit
Charge Circuit
Cooler fan Circuit
Headlight (optional)
amp
amp
amp
amp
Figure 47
1. Road wheels
2. Drive sprocket
Figure 46
3. Track
1. Fuse block
Checking and Adjusting the Track
Tension
Service Interval: After the first 50 hours
Every 100 hours
To check the tension of each track, place 45 lb (20.4 kg)
on the track midway between the front road wheel and
36
Replacing the Tracks
the drive sprocket. The track should flex no more than
1/4 to 3/8 inch (0.6 to 1 cm). If it does, adjust the track
tension using the following procedure:
When the tracks are badly worn, replace them.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Lift/support the side of the unit to be worked on
so that the track is 3 to 4 inches (7.6 to 10 cm) off
of the ground.
4. Back out the tensioning bolt and jam nut (Figure 49).
5. Loosen the clamp bolts (Figure 49).
6. Push the front road wheel rearward as far as it will
go (Figure 50).
Figure 48
1. Stop the machine in on a level surface and set the
parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, lower the boom, remove the key,
and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving
the operating position.
3. Loosen the jam nut on the track tensioning bolt and
the clamp bolts on the tension arm (Figure 49).
Figure 50
7. Begin removing the track at the top of the front road
wheel, peeling it off of the wheel while rotating the
track forwards.
Note: You may need to remove the front, outside
road wheel. To remove this wheel, remove the snap
ring and cap from the center of the road wheel
(Figure 51). Next remove the bolt and gasket from
the center of the wheel and pull the wheel off of the
machine.
Figure 49
1. Tensioning bolt
3. Clamp bolts
2. Jam nut
4. Torque the tensioning bolt to 24 to 30 ft-lb (32.5 to
40 N-m) to tighten the track (Figure 49).
5. Ensure that the track deflects less than 1/4 to 3/8
inch (0.6 to 1 cm) when 45 lb (20.6 kg) of force is
applied to the track span. Adjust the torque on the
tensioning bolt as needed.
6. Tighten the jam nut.
7. Tighten the clamp bolts and torque to 75 ft-lb (102
N-m).
37
Checking and Greasing the Road
Wheels
Service Interval: Every 250 hours
1. Remove the tracks; refer to Replacing the Tracks.
2. Remove the snap ring and cap from a road wheel
(Figure 52).
Figure 51
1. Snap ring
4. Gasket
2. Cap
5. Wheel with bearings
3. Bolt
Figure 52
8. When the track is off of the road wheel, remove it
from the machine (Figure 50).
1. Road wheel
3. Snap ring
2. Road wheel cap
9. Beginning at the drive sprocket, coil the new track
around the sprocket, ensuring that the lugs on
the track fit between the spacers on the sprocket
(Figure 50).
3. Check the grease under the cap and around the
gasket (Figure 52). If it is dirty, gritty, or depleted,
clean out all of the grease, replace the gasket, and
add new grease.
10. Push the track under and between the rear and center
road wheels (Figure 50).
4. Ensure that the road wheel turns smoothly on the
bearing. If it is frozen, contact your Authorized
Service Dealer to replace the road wheel.
11. Starting at the bottom of the front road wheel, install
the track around the wheel by rotating the track
rearward while pushing the lugs into the wheel.
5. Place the greased road wheel cap over the bolt head
(Figure 52).
12. If you removed the front, outside road wheel, install
it at this time using the bolt and gasket removed
previously. Torque the bolt to 75 ft-lb (102 N-m)
and then clean, grease, and install the cap and snap
ring as instruction in the Checking and Greasing the
Road Wheels section.
6. Secure the road wheel cap with the snap ring
(Figure 52).
7. Repeat steps 2 through 6 for all 12 road wheels.
8. Install the tracks; refer to Replacing the Tracks.
13. Install the tensioning bolt and jam nut.
14. Torque the tensioning bolt to 24 to 30 ft-lb (32.5 to
40 N-m) to tighten the track.
15. Ensure that the track deflects less than 1/4 to 3/8
inch (0.6 to 1 cm) when 45 lb (20.6 kg) of force is
applied to the track span. Adjust the torque on the
tensioning bolt as needed.
16. Tighten the jam nut.
17. Tighten the clamp bolts and torque to 75 ft-lb (102
N-m).
18. Lower the machine to the ground.
19. Repeat steps 3 through 18 to replace the other track.
38
Belt Maintenance
Controls System
Maintenance
Replacing the Pump Drive Belt
The factory adjusts the controls before shipping the
machine. However, after many hours of use, you may
need to adjust the traction control alignment, the neutral
position of the traction control, and the tracking of the
traction control in the full forward position.
If the pump drive belt begins to squeal or is cracked,
worn, or frayed, replace it. Contact you Authorized
Service Dealer for a replacement belt.
1. Raise the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
Important: To adjust the controls properly,
complete each procedure in the order listed.
3. Raise the back of the machine and support it on jack
stands.
Adjusting the Traction Control
Alignment
4. Remove the bottom shield; refer to Removing the
Bottom Shield.
If the traction control bar does not rest flush and
square with the reference bar when in the full backward
position, immediately complete the following procedure:
5. Loosen the two pump bolts (Figure 53).
1. Park the machine on a flat surface and lower the
boom.
2. Stop the engine and remove the key.
3. Pull straight back on the traction control so the front
of the control contacts the reference bar (Figure 54).
Figure 53
1. Pump
3. Belt
2. Pump bolts
4. Idler pulley spring
6. Twist the pump counter clockwise and allow it to
drop down away from the pulley (Figure 53). Ensure
that the spider coupler drops down with the pump.
Figure 54
1. Front of the control, out of
alignment
7. Using a spring puller (contact your Authorized
Service Dealer) or stiff metal hook, pull the end of
the idler pulley sprint off of the spring bolt to release
tension on the belt (Figure 53).
2. Reference bar
4. If the front of the traction control does not rest
square and flush with the reference bar, loosen the
flange nut and bolt in the stem of the traction control
(Figure 55).
8. Remove the belt.
9. Route a new belt around the pulleys.
10. Install the idler pulley spring on the bolt.
11. Ensure that the spider coupler is in place on the
pump and then insert it into the pulley, twisting it
clockwise to seat it on the pump bolts.
12. Torque the pump bolts to 50 ft-lb (68 N-m).
13. Install the bottom shield.
39
1
2
Figure 55
1. Traction control
1
2
2. Stem , bolt and nut
5. Adjust the traction control so that it rests flush
against the reference bar when it is pulled straight
back (Figure 55 and Figure 56).
G011476
Figure 57
1. Traction rod
2. Jam nut
E. Start the machine and set the throttle to about
1/3 open position.
WARNING
When the machine is running, you could
be caught and injured in moving parts or
burned on hot surfaces.
Figure 56
Stay away from pinch points, moving parts,
and hot surfaces when adjusting the running
machine.
6. Tighten the flange nut and bolt in the traction
control stem.
7. Start the engine.
F. Have a helper hold the traction control tight to
the reference bar in reverse.
8. Drive the machine in reverse with the traction
control tight to the reference bar. If the machine
does not back up straight, complete the following
procedure:
G. Adjust the length of the traction rods until both
tracks are running at the same speed.
Note: You can also adjust the maximum reverse
speed of the tracks at this time.
A. Stop the engine
B. Lift/support the machine so that both tracks are
off of the ground and are free to run.
H. Tighten the jam nuts.
I. Adjust the traction control so that it rests flush
against the reference bar when it is pulled straight
back (Figure 55 and Figure 56).
C. Loosen the flange nut and bolt in the stem of the
traction control (Figure 55).
D. Loosen the jam nuts on the traction rods, under
the control panel (Figure 57).
J. Tighten the flange nut and bolt in the traction
control stem.
K. Stop the engine and lower the machine to the
ground.
L. Drive the machine in full reverse, checking to
see if the unit tracks straight. If it does not,
note the direction the machine veers. Repeat the
adjustment previously described so that it tracks
straight in reverse.
40
Adjusting the Traction Control
Neutral Position
Hydraulic System
Maintenance
If the machine creeps forward or backward when the
traction control is in neutral and the unit is warm, the
return-to-neutral mechanism on the pumps may need
to be adjusted; contact you Authorized Service Dealer
for repairs.
Replacing the Hydraulic Filter
Service Interval: Every 200 hours
1. Position machine on a level surface.
2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
Adjusting the Tracking of the
Traction Control, Full Forward
Position
3. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
4. Remove the top cover.
If the machine does not drive straight when you hold
the traction control forward against the reference bar,
complete the following procedure:
5. Remove and discard the old filter (Figure 59).
1. Drive the machine with the traction control against
the reference bar, noting which direction the machine
veers.
2. Release the traction control.
3. If the machine veers to the left, loosen the right jam
nut and adjust the tracking set screw on the front of
the traction control (Figure 58).
4. If the machine veers to the right, loosen the left jam
nut and adjust the tracking set screw on the front of
the traction control (Figure 58).
Figure 59
1. Filler cap
2. Hydraulic filter
6. Install the replacement hydraulic filter and filler cap
(Figure 59) and torque bolt on top to 110 to 140
in-lb (13 to 15.5 N-m).
7. Clean up any spilled fluid.
8. Install the top cover.
Changing the Hydraulic Fluid
Figure 58
1. Set screw
Service Interval: Every 400 hours/Yearly (whichever
comes first)
3. Stop
2. Jam nut
Hydraulic Fluid Specification:
5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 until the machine drives
straight in the full forward position.
Use only one of the following fluids in the hydraulic
system:
Important: Ensure the tracking set screws
touch the stops in the full forward position to
avoid over stroking the hydraulic pumps.
• Toro Premium Transmission/Hydraulic Tractor
Fluid (refer to your Authorized Toro Dealer for
more information)
41
• Toro Premium All Season Hydraulic Fluid
(refer to your Authorized Toro Dealer for more
information)
• If either of the above Toro fluids are not
available, you may use another Universal Tractor
Hydraulic Fluid (UTHF), but they must be only
conventional, petrolium-based products. The
specifications must fall within the listed range for
all of the following material properties and the fluid
should meet the listed industry standards. Check
with your oil supplier to determine if the oil meets
these specifications.
Note: Toro will not assume responsibility for
damage caused by improper substitutions, so use
only products from reputable manufacturers who
will stand behind their recommendations.
Material Properties
Viscosity, ASTM D445
cSt at 40 degrees C: 55 to 62
cSt at 100 degrees C: 9.1 to
9.8
Viscosity index, ASTM D2270
140 to 152
Pour Point, ASTM D97
-35 to -46 degrees F (-37 to
-43 degrees C)
Figure 60
1. Hose
2. Hydraulic tank fitting
3. Hose clamp
Industry Standards
API GL-4, AGCO Powerfluid 821 XL, Ford New Holland
FNHA-2-C-201.00, Kubota UDT, John Deere J20C, Vickers
35VQ25 and Volvo WB-101/BM.
9. When finished, install the hose onto the fitting and
secure it with the hose clamp.
Note: Many hydraulic fluids are almost colorless,
making it difficult to spot leaks. A red dye additive
for the hydraulic system oil is available in 2/3 oz (20
ml) bottles. One bottle is sufficient for 4-6 gal (15-22
l) of hydraulic oil. Order part no. 44-2500 from your
Authorized Toro Dealer.
Note: Dispose of the used oil at a certified recycling
center.
10. Fill the hydraulic tank with approximately 6 US
gallons (23 l) of 10W-30 or 15W-40 detergent, diesel
engine oil (API service CH-4 or higher); refer to
Checking Hydraulic Fluid.
1. Position the machine on a level surface.
11. Add 8 fl oz (236 ml) of AMSOIL® Slip-Lock™
differential additive or an equivalent differential
additive to the hydraulic tank.
2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
3. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
Note: AMSOIL and Slip-Lock are trademarks of
AMSOIL Inc.
4. Allow the machine to cool completely.
12. Install the hydraulic filter and filler cap (Figure 59)
and torque bolt on top to 110 to 140 in-lb (13 to
15.5 N-m).
5. Remove the top cover.
6. Remove the hydraulic tank filler cap and filter
(Figure 59).
13. Start the engine and let it run for a few minutes.
7. Place a drain pan capable of hold 10 US Gallons
(37.8 l) under the hydraulic tank.
14. Stop the engine.
15. Check the hydraulic fluid level and top it off if
necessary; refer to Checking Hydraulic Fluid.
8. Pinch the hose clamp and slide the clamp and hose
off of the fitting on the hydraulic tank, allowing the
hydraulic fluid to drain from the hose and tank into
the pan.
16. Clean up any spilled fluid.
17. Install the top cover.
42
Trencher Maintenance
Checking the Hydraulic Lines
Service Interval: Every 100 hours—Check the hydraulic
lines for leaks, loose fittings, kinked
lines, loose mounting supports, wear,
weather, and chemical deterioration
and repair if necessary.
Replacing the Digging Teeth
Service Interval: Before each use or daily—Check the
condition of the digging teeth and
replace any that are worn or damaged.
Every 1,500 hours/Every 2 years
(whichever comes first)—Replace all
moving hydraulic hoses.
Due to the high amount of wear placed on the digging
teeth, you will need to replace them periodically.
To replace a single tooth, remove the bolts securing the
tooth to remove it, then install a new tooth in the same
position. Torque the bolts securing the teeth to 27 to 33
ft-lb (37 to 45 N-m).
WARNING
Hydraulic fluid escaping under pressure can
penetrate skin and cause injury. Fluid injected into
the skin must be surgically removed within a few
hours by a doctor familiar with this form of injury
or gangrene may result.
Checking and Adjusting the
Digging Chain and Boom
• Keep your body and hands away from pin
hole leaks or nozzles that eject high pressure
hydraulic fluid.
Service Interval: Every 25 hours
• Check each link in the chain for excessive wear, such
as links that will no longer hold teeth.
• Inspect the bottom of the boom for wear
• With the trencher parallel to the ground, ensure
that there are 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3 cm)
between the bottom of the boom and the top of the
bottom chain span. If not adjust the chain tension.
• Use cardboard or paper to find hydraulic leaks,
never use your hands.
Important: Do not over tighten the chain.
Excess chain tension may damage drive
components.
To replace a worn chain, flip or replace a worn boom, or
to adjust the chain tension, use the following procedure:
1. To replace the chain or to flip or replace the boom,
complete the following:
A. Remove the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom
to the trencher arm
Figure 61
1. Bolts
2. Jam nut
3. Adjusting bolt
43
B. Loosen the jam nut on the adjusting bolt in the
boom.
C. Loosen the adjusting bolt until you can remove
the chain from the boom
D. Remove the chain from the drive sprocket.
E. If the chain needs replacing, remove the bolt and
nut securing the spoils auger and remove the
auger and chain.
F. Remove the boom, flip it over so the bottom
becomes the top (or if you have already flipped it
once, replace it), and install the boom again.
Figure 62
G. Replace the nuts, bolts, and washers securing the
boom.
1. Spoils auger
2. Bolts
3. Drive sprocket
H. If installing a new chain, connect the links by
pressing or hammering the clevis pin supplied
with the chain through the links, then secure the
clevis pin with the cotter pin supplied with the
chain.
4. Sprocket mounting surface
4. Loosen the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to
the trencher arm.
5. Loosen the jam nut on the adjusting bolt in the
boom.
6. Loosen the adjusting bolt until you can remove the
chain from the boom.
7. Remove the chain from the drive sprocket.
8. Remove the six bolts securing the drive sprocket
(Figure 62).
9. Remove and discard the drive sprocket (Figure 62).
10. Clean the sprocket mounting surface on the trencher
(Figure 62).
11. Slide the new sprocket onto the shaft (Figure 62).
Important: To avoid bending the chain
links, place blocks under and between
the links when hammering the clevis pin
through.
I. Install the chain over the drive sprocket and front
roller.
J. If you removed the spoils auger, install it using
the bolt and nut you removed previously. Torque
the bolt and nut to 75 ft-lb (102 N-m).
K. Skip to step 4 to complete the adjustment.
2. Loosen the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to
the trencher arm
Important: The arrow on the sprocket face
should be visible from the right side of the
trench and should point in a clockwise direction;
if not, turn the sprocket around.
12. Thread the six bolts into the sprocket finger tight
(Figure 62).
13. Slowly begin tightening the bolts progressing around
the sprocket until all bolts are torqued to 95 to 115
ft-lb (129 to 155 N-m).
3. Loosen the jam nut securing the adjustment bolt.
4. Turn the adjustment bolt in or out as needed to
achieve the desired tension.
5. Tighten the jam nut.
6. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to
135 to 165 ft-lb (183 to 223 N-m).
Replacing the Drive Sprocket
Important: Tighten each bolt only half way
first, working your way around the six bolts, then
return to each bolt in turn and torque them
14. Loop the chain over the auger drive shaft and onto
the drive sprocket, ensuring that the teeth point
forward on the upper span.
15. Set the upper span of the chain into place on the
trencher boom, then wrap the chain around the
roller at the end of the boom.
Over time, the drive sprocket will wear, especially when
used in sandy or clay soils. When this happens, the
digging chain will begin to slip. If the chain slips, replace
the drive sprocket, as follows:
1. Raise the trencher a few inches above the ground.
2. Stop the engine and remove the key.
3. Remove the spoils auger (Figure 62).
44
Cleaning
16. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn
it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3
cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span.
Removing Debris from the
Machine
17. Thread the jam nut down the adjusting bolt and
tighten it securely against the boom.
18. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to
135 to 165 ft-lb (183 to 223 N-m).
Important: Operating the engine with blocked
screens, dirty or plugged cooling fins, and/or
cooling shrouds removed, will result in engine
damage from overheating.
19. Install the spoils auger using the bolt and nut you
removed previously. Torque the bolt and nut to 75
ft-lb (102 N-m).
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Wipe away debris from the air cleaner.
4. Clean any debris build-up on the engine with a brush
or blower.
Important: It is preferable to blow dirt out,
rather than washing it out. If water is used,
keep it away from electrical items and hydraulic
valves. Do not use a high-pressure washer.
High-pressure washing can damage the
electrical system and hydraulic valves or deplete
grease.
5. Clean debris from the oil cooler.
45
Storage
10. Place a rag over the spark plug hole to catch any oil
spray, then use the starter or recoil handle to crank
the engine and distribute the oil inside the cylinder.
1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all
moving parts to stop before leaving the operating
position.
3. Remove dirt and grime from the external parts of
the entire machine, especially the engine. Clean dirt
and chaff from the outside of the engine cylinder
head fins and blower housing.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
11. Install the spark plug, but do not install the wire on
the spark plug.
12. Charge the battery (model 22973 and 22974); refer
to Servicing the Battery.
13. Check and adjust the track tension; refer to Adjusting
the Track Tension.
14. Check and adjust the digging chain tension; refer
to Checking and Adjusting the Digging Chain and
Boom
Important: You can wash the machine with
mild detergent and water. Do not pressure
wash the machine. Avoid excessive use of
water, especially near the control panel, engine,
hydraulic pumps, and motors.
Service the air cleaner; refer to Servicing the Air
Cleaner.
Grease the machine; refer to Greasing the machine.
Change the crankcase oil; refer to Changing the
Engine Oil.
Remove the spark plug and check the condition of it;
refer to Servicing the Spark Plug.
For storage over 30 days, prepare the machine as
follows:
A. Add a petroleum based stabilizer/conditioner
to fuel in the tank. Follow mixing instructions
from stabilizer manufacturer. (1 oz. per US
gallon). Do not use an alcohol based stabilizer
(ethanol or methanol).
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
15. Check and tighten all bolts, nuts, and screws. Repair
or replace any part that is damaged.
16. Paint all scratched or bare metal surfaces. Paint is
available from your Authorized Service Dealer.
17. Store the machine in a clean, dry garage or storage
area. Remove the key from the ignition switch and
keep it in a memorable place.
18. Cover the machine to protect it and keep it clean.
Note: Fuel stabilizer/conditioner is most
effective when mixed with fresh gasoline and
used at all times.
Run the engine to distribute conditioned fuel
through the fuel system (5 minutes).
Stop the engine, allow it to cool and drain the
fuel tank using a pump type syphon.
Restart the engine and run it until it stops.
Choke the engine.
Start and run the engine until it will not start
again.
Dispose of fuel properly. Recycle as per local
codes.
Important: Do not store stabilizer/conditioned
gasoline over 90 days.
9. With the spark plug removed from the engine, pour
two tablespoons of engine oil into the spark plug
hole.
46
Troubleshooting
Problem
Possible Cause
Corrective Action
The starter does not crank (models 22973
and 22974).
1. The battery is discharged.
1. Charge the battery or replace it.
2. The electrical connections are corroded
or loose.
3. The relay or switch is damaged.
2. Check the electrical connections for
good contact.
3. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
The engine will not start, starts hard, or
fails to keep running.
1. The fuel tank is empty.
1. Fill the fuel tank with gasoline.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Engine loses power.
The fuel shutoff valve is closed.
The controls are not in neutral.
The choke is not on.
The air cleaner is dirty.
6. The spark plug wire is loose or
disconnected.
7. The spark plug is pitted, fouled, or the
gap is incorrect.
8. Dirt, water, or stale fuel is in fuel
system.
7. Install a new, correctly gapped spark
plug.
8. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
1. The engine load is excessive.
1. Reduce ground speed.
2. The air cleaner is dirty.
2. Clean or replace the air cleaner
elements.
3. Check and add oil to the crankcase.
4. Remove any obstructions from the
cooling fins and air passages.
3. The oil level in crankcase is low.
4. The cooling fins and air passages
under the engine blower housing are
plugged.
5. The spark plug is pitted, fouled, or the
gap is incorrect.
6. Dirt, water, or stale fuel is in fuel
system.
The engine overheats.
Open the fuel shutoff valve.
Move the controls to neutral.
Move the choke lever fully forward.
Clean or replace the air cleaner
elements.
6. Install the wire on the spark plug.
5. Install a new, correctly gapped spark
plug.
6. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
1. The engine load is excessive.
1. Reduce ground speed.
2. The oil level in crankcase is low.
3. The cooling fins and air passages
under the engine blower housing are
plugged.
2. Check and add oil to the crankcase.
3. Remove any obstructions from the
cooling fins and air passages.
Abnormal vibration.
1. The engine mounting bolts are loose.
1. Tighten the engine mounting bolts.
The machine does not drive.
1. The parking brake is on.
1. Release the parking brake.
2. The hydraulic fluid level is low.
3. The tow valves are open.
4. The hydraulic system is damaged.
2. Check and add hydraulic fluid.
3. Close the tow valves.
4. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
1. Sand or debris has built up in a tooth
root of the drive sprocket.
1. Run the chain backwards and then
reduce the chain tension.
2. The digging chain is too tight.
3. The trencher boom end bearing has
failed.
4. The trencher drive system is damaged.
2. Adjust the digging chain tension.
3. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
4. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
5. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
The chain does not turn
5. The hydraulic system is obstructed,
contaminated, or damaged.
47
Problem
The trencher does not dig fast enough
Possible Cause
Corrective Action
1. The digging teeth are worn.
1. Replace the digging teeth.
2. The chain you are using is not
appropriate for the type of ground.
3. The hydraulic system is overheated.
4. The hydraulic system is obstructed,
contaminated, or damaged.
2. Evaluate the ground type and change
chains if necessary.
3. Shutdown and allow the system to cool.
4. Contact your Authorized Service
Dealer.
48
Schematics
Electrical Schematic—Model 22972 (Rev. A)
49
Electrical Schematic—Model 22973 (Rev. A)
50
Electrical Schematic—Model 22974 (Rev. A)
51
G021020
Hydraulic Schematic (Rev. B)
52
Notes:
53
Notes:
54
Notes:
55
Toro Compact Utility Equipment Warranty
A One-Year Limited Warranty
Conditions and Products Covered
The Toro® Company and its affiliate, Toro Warranty Company, pursuant
to an agreement between them, jointly warrant your Toro Compact Utility
Equipment (“Product”) to be free from defects in materials or workmanship.
The following time periods apply from the date of purchase:
Items and Conditions Not Covered
Not all product failures or malfunctions that occur during the warranty
period are defects in materials or workmanship. This express warranty
does not cover the following:
•
Product failures which result from the use of non-Toro replacement
parts, or from installation and use of add-on, modified, or unapproved
accessories
•
Product failures which result from failure to perform required
maintenance and/or adjustments
•
Product failures which result from operating the Product in an
abusive, negligent or reckless manner
•
Parts subject to consumption through use unless found to be
defective. Examples of parts which are consumed, or used up, during
normal Product operation include, but are not limited to, teeth, tines,
blades, spark plugs, tires, tracks, filters, chains, etc.
•
Contact any Authorized Toro Compact Utility Equipment (CUE)
Service Dealer to arrange service at their dealership. To locate a
dealer convenient to you, access our website at www.Toro.com.
You may also call our Toro Customer Care Department toll free
at 888-865-5676 (U.S. customers) or 888-865-5691 (Canadian
customers).
Failures caused by outside influence. Items considered to be outside
influence include, but are not limited to, weather, storage practices,
contamination, use of unapproved coolants, lubricants, additives, or
chemicals, etc.
•
Normal “wear and tear” items. Normal “wear and tear” includes, but is
not limited to, worn painted surfaces, scratched decals or windows,
etc.
Bring the product and your proof of purchase (sales receipt) to the
Service Dealer.
•
•
Any component covered by a separate manufacturer’s warranty
Products
Warranty Period
Loaders, Trenchers, Stump Grinders, 1 year or 1000 operating
Chippers, Log Splitters and Attachments hours, whichever occurs first
Kohler Engines
3 years
All other Engines
2 years
Where a warrantable condition exists, we will repair the Product at no cost
to you including diagnosis, labor, and parts.
Instructions for Obtaining Warranty Service
If you think that your Toro Product contains a defect in materials or
workmanship, follow this procedure:
1.
2.
3.
CUE Products
If for any reason you are dissatisfied with the Service Dealer’s
analysis or with the assistance provided, contact us at:
LCB Customer Care Department
Toro Warranty Company
8111 Lyndale Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55420-1196
Toll Free: 888-865-5676 (U.S. customers)
Toll Free: 888-865-5691 (Canada customers)
Owner Responsibilities
You must maintain your Toro Product by following the maintenance
procedures described in the Operator’s Manual. Such routine
maintenance, whether performed by a dealer or by you, is at your expense.
Parts scheduled for replacement as required maintenance (“Maintenance
Parts”), are warranted for the period of time up to the scheduled
replacement time for that part. Failure to perform required maintenance
and adjustments can be grounds for disallowing a warranty claim.
Pickup and delivery charges
General Conditions
Repair by an Authorized Toro Compact Utility Equipment (CUE) Service
Dealer is your sole remedy under this warranty.
Neither The Toro® Company nor Toro Warranty Company is liable
for indirect, incidental or consequential damages in connection with
the use of the Toro Products covered by this warranty, including
any cost or expense of providing substitute equipment or service
during reasonable periods of malfunction or non-use pending
completion of repairs under this warranty. All implied warranties
of merchantability and fitness for use are limited to the duration
of this express warranty. Some states do not allow exclusions of
incidental or consequential damages, or limitations on how long
an implied warranty lasts, so the above exclusions and limitations
may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other
rights which vary from state to state.
Except for the engine warranty coverage and the Emissions warranty
referenced below, if applicable, there is no other express warranty. The
Emissions Control System on your Product may be covered by a separate
warranty meeting requirements established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) or the California Air Resources Board (CARB).
The hour limitations set forth above do not apply to the Emissions
Control System Warranty. Refer to the California Emission Control
Warranty Statement supplied with your Product or contained in the engine
manufacturer’s documentation for details.
Countries Other than the United States or Canada
Customers who have purchased Toro products exported from the United States or Canada should contact their Toro Distributor (Dealer) to obtain
guarantee policies for your country, province, or state. If for any reason you are dissatisfied with your Distributor’s service or have difficulty obtaining
guarantee information, contact the Toro importer. If all other remedies fail, you may contact us at Toro Warranty Company.
374-0261 Rev B

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