OutBack Power GFX International Series Grid-Interactive/Off-Grid Renewable Energy System Operator's Manual
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GFX Series
Inverter/Charger
GFX1312 GFX1424 GFX1548
Operator’s Manual
About OutBack Power Technologies
OutBack Power Technologies is a leader in advanced energy conversion technology. Our products include true sine wave inverter/chargers, maximum power point tracking charge controllers, system communication components, as well as breaker panels, breakers, accessories, and assembled systems.
Contact Information
Telephone: +1.360.435.6030 (North America)
+1.360.618.4363 (Technical Support)
+1.360.435.6019 (Fax)
+34.93.654.9568 (Barcelona, Spain)
19009 62nd Avenue NE
Arlington, WA 98223 USA
E-mail: [email protected]
Web Site: www.outbackpower.com
Disclaimer
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, OUTBACK POWER TECHNOLOGIES
(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL
OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.
(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT,
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE
USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.
Warranty Summary
OutBack Power Technologies Inc. warrants that the products it manufactures will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two (2) years subject to the conditions set forth in the
warranty detail, found on page 55 of this manual.
OutBack Power Technologies cannot be responsible for system failure, damages, or injury resulting from improper installation of their products.
Notice of Copyright
GFX Series Operator’s Manual © October 2010 by OutBack Power Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
Trademarks
OutBack Power is a registered trademark of OutBack Power Technologies.
Date and Revision
October 2010, Revision A
Part Number
900-0114-01-00 Rev A (for firmware revision 002.094.xxx)
Important Safety Instructions
READ AND SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS!
This manual contains important safety instructions for the GFX Series inverters. Read all instructions and cautionary markings on the inverter and on any accessories or additional equipment included in the installation. Failure to adhere to these instructions could result in severe shock or possible electrocution. Exercise extreme caution at all times to prevent accidents.
Audience
This manual is intended for anyone required to operate the GFX Inverter. Operators must be familiar with all the safety regulations pertaining to operating this kind of equipment as dictated by local code.
Operators must also have a complete understanding of this equipment’s features and functions. Do not use this product unless it has been installed by a qualified installer in accordance with the GFX
Series Installation Manual.
Symbols Used
WARNING: Hazard to Human Life
This type of notation indicates that the hazard could be harmful to human life.
CAUTION: Hazard to Equipment
This type of notation indicates that the hazard may cause damage to the equipment.
IMPORTANT:
This type of notation indicates that the information provided is important to the installation, operation and/or maintenance of the equipment. Failure to follow the recommendations in such a notation could result in voiding the equipment warranty.
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Important Safety Instructions
Definitions
The following is a list of initials, terms, and definitions used in conjunction with this product.
Table 1 Terms and Definitions
Term Definition
AC
AGS
AUX
CE
DC
Alternating Current; refers to voltage produced by the inverter, utility grid, or generator.
Automatic Generator Start
Inverter’s 12-volt auxiliary output
Conformité Européenne; French for “European Conformity”; a marking on OutBack products indicating that they meet European Union requirements
Direct Current; refers to voltage produced by the batteries or renewable source
Grid-interactive, grid-intertie, grid-tie
HBX
Utility grid power is available for use and the inverter is a model capable of returning
(selling) electricity back to the utility grid
High Battery Transfer; a function of the remote system display
IEEE
LBCO
LED
Off-grid
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; refers to a series of standards and practices for the testing of electrical products
Low Battery Cut-Out; set point at which the inverter shuts down due to low batteries
Light-Emitting Diode; refers to indicators used by the inverter and the system display
Utility grid power is not available for use
On-grid Utility grid power is available for use (does not imply grid-interactive capability)
PV Photovoltaic
RTS
System display
Utility grid
Remote Temperature Sensor; accessory that measures battery temperature for charging
Remote interface device (such as the MATE), used for monitoring, programming and communicating with the inverter; also called “remote system display”
The electrical service and infrastructure supported by the electrical or utility company; also called “mains”, “utility service”, or “grid”
General Safety
2
WARNING: Limitations on Use
This equipment is NOT intended for use with life support equipment or other medical equipment or devices.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Only use components or accessories recommended or sold by OutBack Power
Technologies or its authorized agents.
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
Table 10
Table 11
Table 12
Table 13
Table 14
Table 15
Table 16
Table 17
Table 18
Table 19
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Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Example of Classic Series Stacking Arrangement (Two Inverters)................................25
Figure 8
Figure 9
Example of Three-Phase Stacking Arrangement (Three Inverters) ..............................26
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Introduction
Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies
Thank you for purchasing the OutBack GFX Series Inverter/Charger. This product offers a complete power conversion system between batteries and AC power. It can provide backup power or complete off-grid service.
Battery-to-AC inverting which delivers 120 Vac at 60 Hz
AC-to-battery charging
Rapid transfer between AC source and inverter output with minimal delay time
Inverter load support for a small AC source
12-, 24-, and 48-volt units
Wattages from 1.3 kVA to 1.5 kVA
Stackable in series, parallel, and three-phase configurations
Uses energy from PV, wind, and other renewable sources if appropriate controllers are used
Grid-interactive capable
2 pt./ flat head
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Figure 1 GFX Series Inverter/Charger
7
Introduction
System Display and Controller
The GFX inverters have no external controls. They can operate normally without an external control or interface. Basic modes and settings are pre-programmed at the factory. However, if the pre-programmed settings need adjustment, a remote system display must be used for changing those settings and for more detailed monitoring activities. Modes and settings cannot be changed without the system display.
The MATE Display and Controller is an OutBack system display, available for remotely interfacing with the GFX series inverters. The MATE2 is another system display with the same capabilities as the MATE.
IMPORTANT:
The GFX inverters have nonvolatile memory and will retain any settings that have been changed, even after the system display is removed. If a system does not have a display, an installer can bring a system display to the site temporarily, install it, change the settings, and remove the display again.
IMPORTANT:
Some functions are not based in the inverter, but are part of the system display’s software. They will not function if the system display is removed.
These functions are listed on page 29. For a detailed description and
programming, please see the manual for the system display.
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Operation
Functional Test
Pre-startup Procedures
1. Ensure all DC and AC breakers or fuses are disconnected.
2. Double-check all wiring connections.
3. Inspect the work area to ensure tools or debris have not been left inside.
4. Verify battery voltage using a digital voltmeter (DVM). Confirm the voltage is correct for the inverter model. Confirm the polarity.
5. Connect the system display (if present).
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Incorrect battery polarity will damage the inverter. This damage is not covered by the warranty.
Startup
If steps are inapplicable, they can be omitted. However, it is highly recommended that all applicable steps be performed in the following order.
If the results of a step do not match the description, see the
Troubleshooting section on page 31.
To start the system:
1. Close the main DC breaker (or connect the fuse) from the battery bank to the inverter. Repeat for every inverter present.
2. Observe the LEDs in the AC wiring compartment. One of the three BATTERY LEDs should be illuminated — green, yellow, or
red. Any of them are acceptable at this stage. (See page 11 for a
description of the LEDs.) The INVERTER LED (green) may come on at this time. The fan will run briefly and the relay will click as a self-test.
3. The ERROR LED may flash briefly. If it remains illuminated or continues to flash during any step, proceed immediately to
4. Confirm that the system display is operational. (See the system display manual for a description of the menu items that appear on a correctly functioning display.)
Figure 2
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AC Wiring Compartment
9
Operation
5. If the INVERTER LED (green) is not illuminated, turn on the inverter using the system display or external switch.
6. Check the STATUS LEDs. Confirm that the INVERTER LED (green) is illuminated.
7. Using a DVM, verify 120 Vac between the AC HOT OUT and AC NEUTRAL OUT terminals. Do not turn on any AC breakers or disconnects at this time.
8. Perform all programming for stacking, battery charging, AC current, generator starting, and any
other functions. Refer to the Description of Functions section beginning on page 13, the system
display manual, and any other literature as needed.
After programming is completed, perform the following steps:
1. If other inverters are on the system, use a DVM to verify correct voltage from AC HOT OUT on one inverter to the next. Series-stacked inverters should collectively read 240 Vac. Parallel-stacked inverters should collectively read 0 Vac (although individually they should still read 120 Vac).
Three-phase inverters should collectively read 208 Vac.
2. Close the AC output breakers or disconnects. If AC Bypass breakers are present, place them in the normal (non-Bypass) position. Do not connect an AC input source or close any AC input breakers.
3. Use a DVM to verify correct voltage at the AC load panel.
4. Connect a small AC load and test for proper functionality.
5. Close the AC input breakers and connect an AC source.
6. Check the STATUS LEDs. The AC IN LED (yellow) should flash. The INVERTER LED will remain illuminated for a short time. When the AC IN LED stays illuminated, the INVERTER LED should go dark. This means the inverter is no longer drawing on batteries, but is using the AC source.
7. If the battery charger has been enabled, confirm that it is charging by using the system display.
The inverter will perform a full battery charge when first powered up. This may take several hours.
If restarted after a temporary shutdown, the inverter may skip most or all of the charging cycle.
8. Test any other functions which have been enabled, such as generator start, selling, or search mode. GFX Series inverters have a minimum one-minute delay before selling will begin.
9. Compare the DVM’s readings with the system display meter readings. If necessary, the system display’s readings can be calibrated to match the DVM more accurately. AC input voltage, AC output voltage, and battery voltage can be calibrated.
Powering Down
If steps are inapplicable, they can be omitted. However, it is highly recommended that all applicable steps be performed in the following order.
To Power Down the System:
1. Turn off all load breakers and AC input breakers.
2. Turn off all renewable energy breakers.
3. Turn each inverter OFF using the system display or external switch.
4. Turn off the main DC breaker for each inverter.
Adding New Devices
When adding new devices to the system, first power down the system according to the preceding instructions. After adding new devices, perform another functional test, including programming.
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Operation
LED Indicators
AUX LED
(see page 27)
BATTERY LEDs STATUS LEDs
Figure 3 LED Indicators
BATTERY LEDS
The battery LEDs show the approximate battery state. (See IMPORTANT note below.) The BATTERY
LEDs are independent of STATUS LEDs. Any STATUS LED could accompany any BATTERY LED based on certain conditions. Common combinations are noted.
A GREEN LED means the batteries have an adequate charge at that time. It does not always mean they are full. May be accompanied by a YELLOW STATUS LED when an AC source is charging.
A YELLOW LED means the batteries are somewhat discharged.
A RED LED means the batteries are greatly discharged and may require attention. May be accompanied by a RED STATUS LED to indicate a Low Battery ERROR.
Table 2 Battery LED Values
Color 12 Vdc Unit 24 Vdc Unit, ± 0.2 Vdc 48 Vdc Unit, ± 0.4 Vdc Battery Status
GREEN 12.5 Vdc or higher 25.0 Vdc or higher 50.0 Vdc or higher ACCEPTABLE
YELLOW 11.5 to 12.4 Vdc 23.0 to 24.8 Vdc
RED 11.4 Vdc or lower 22.8 Vdc or lower
46.0 to 49.6 Vdc
45.6 Vdc or lower
USABLE
LOW
Gaps in the table (higher-voltage units) are due to the resolution of the inverter’s DC meter.
These voltage settings are not the same as the Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO) set point. (See pages 13
and 36.) The Battery LED settings cannot be changed.
Voltages higher than shown in the GREEN row usually means that the batteries are charging.
IMPORTANT:
Battery voltage does not always indicate an accurate state of charge. It is accurate if batteries have been at rest for several hours at room temperature (25 °C or 77 °F, or specified by the battery manufacturer). If they have any loads, a charging source, or are at another temperature, their voltage may not reflect their true state. The OutBack FLEXnet DC is a battery monitor which can provide accurate measurements.
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Operation
STATUS LEDS
GREEN
Solid: The inverter is ON and providing power. If accompanied by solid yellow LED, unit is selling power to
the utility grid. (See page 23 for a description of the Sell function.)
Flashing: The inverter has been turned ON but is idle. May be accompanied by the yellow LED. If not accompanied by the yellow LED, the unit in inverting mode and is idle due to lack of demand. This can be
because the unit is in Search mode. (See page 14 for a description of Search.)
Off: Unit is OFF. It is not waiting to provide power. Any power present is from another source such as the
unit may also be a slave that is in Power Save mode. If so, the master inverter may still be providing power
to the system. (See page 27 for a description of Power Save.)
YELLOW
Solid: The AC source is connected and providing power. Unit may or may not be charging the batteries, depending on settings. May be accompanied by green LED.
Flashing: The AC source is present but has not been accepted. If flashing continues, the unit is refusing the source. This can occur for the following reasons.
The AC source may have quality issues. External diagnosis may be required. (See page 15 for a
description of input criteria. See the system display manual for diagnosis using the meter displays.)
In the MATE system display, the AC Input Control menu is set to DROP. (See the MATE manual for a description of the AC IN hot key.)
In the MATE, the HBX feature or the Grid Use feature intentionally disconnected the inverter. (See the
MATE manual for a description of these modes.)
Off: No AC source is detected. If a source is supposed to be present, confirm the voltage between AC HOT
IN and AC NEUTRAL IN terminals.
RED
Solid: ERROR. Unit has shut down due to a critical problem which may be internal or external to the
inverter. This LED is accompanied by an Error message in the system display. See page 36 for a
description of ERROR messages.
Flashing: WARNING. Unit has detected a non-critical problem but has not yet shut down. A Warning does not always lead to a shutdown — if it does, it becomes an Error. This LED is accompanied by a Warning
message in the system display. See page 37 for a description of Warning messages.
Off: No problems are detected.
Table 3 Status LED Quick Reference
Color State
Solid GREEN
GREEN
Inverter is ON and providing power.
Flashing GREEN Inverter is ON but standing by.
Off
Inverter is not providing power.
YELLOW
RED
Notes
If accompanied by YELLOW LED, unit is selling.
Unit may be in Search mode.
Solid YELLOW
Flashing YELLOW AC source present but not yet accepted. Unit may be programmed not to accept the source, or the source may have quality issues.
Off
Solid RED
No AC source is detected. If source is present, check AC input.
Flashing RED
ERROR. Unit has shut down. See
Troubleshooting.
WARNING. Unit detected a problem but has not yet shut down. See
Troubleshooting.
To see Error messages, see the system display manual.
To see Warning messages, see the system display manual.
Off
AC source connected and providing power.
No problems detected.
Unit is either OFF or has been replaced by AC source (see next item).
Unit may or may not be charging batteries, depending on settings.
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Operation
Description of Functions
All items identified as settable or adjustable have set points which can be accessed using the remote system display. (See the system display manual for instructions on locating these set points.) The
Inverting
A GFX inverter uses a transformer and a high-frequency H-Bridge FET design to convert DC voltage from batteries into AC voltage that is usable by AC appliances. It will continue to do this as long as the batteries have sufficient energy. The batteries can be supplied or recharged from other sources, such as solar, wind, or micro-hydroelectric power.
The inverter requires batteries to operate. Other sources may not maintain DC voltages that are consistent enough for the inverter to operate reliably.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Do not substitute other DC sources in place of the batteries. High or irregular voltages may damage the inverter. It is normal to use other DC sources in conjunction with the batteries and the inverter, but not in place of the batteries.
Certain features will affect the inverter’s operation. These features only operate when the inverter is generating AC power on its own. They do not function when the inverter is being supplied by an
AC source.
Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO): This feature prevents the inverter from draining the batteries completely. It will stop functioning and give a Low Battery Voltage error when the DC voltage drops below a specified
protect both the batteries and the inverter’s output. (Continuing to invert on a low DC voltage may produce a distorted waveform.) This item is adjustable.
Low Battery Cut-In (LBCI): The recovery point from Low Battery Cut-Out. When the DC voltage rises above a certain level for 10 minutes, the Low Battery error will clear and the inverter will resume functioning. This item is adjustable.
Connecting an AC source to charge the batteries will also clear a Low Battery error.
Adjust Output Voltage: The inverter’s AC output can be turned up or down by a certain amount, to adjust for conditions. This item is adjustable.
The inverter is also controlled by a high battery cut-out function. If the DC voltage rises above a specified level, the inverter will immediately stop functioning and give a High Battery Voltage error. This is one of
recovers.)
For a 12-volt inverter, this voltage is 20 volts.
For a 24-volt inverter, the voltage is 40 volts
For a 48-volt inverter, the voltage is 80 volts.
The high battery cut-out voltages cannot be changed.
This function is intended to protect the inverter’s output and loads. Continuing to invert on a high DC voltage may produce a distorted waveform. Note that the inverter’s high battery cut-out does not alleviate or solve the high battery condition itself; the cause is an external condition.
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Operation
Search
An automated search circuit is available to minimize the power draw when no loads are present.
When enabled, the inverter does not always deliver full output. The output is reduced to brief pulses with a delay between them. These pulses are sent down the output lines to see if a resistance is present. In effect, the pulses “search” for a load. If one is detected, the inverter’s output increases to full voltage so that it can power the load. When the load is turned off, the inverter “goes to sleep” and begins searching again.
The sensitivity of Search mode is in increments of approximately 0.1 Aac. The default is 6 increments, or 0.6 Aac. A load which draws this amount or greater will “wake up” the inverter.
NOTE: Due to load characteristics, these increments are only approximate and may not function exactly as listed.
The pulse duration and the delay both have a time period that is measured in AC cycles. These two items and the load detection threshold are adjustable.
Search mode can save a considerable amount of power, particularly in smaller systems with intermittent use.
Search mode may not be useful in larger systems with loads that require continuous power (e.g., clocks, answering machines, fax machines). Search mode may cause nuisance shutdowns, or it may sleep so rarely that there is no benefit.
Some devices may not be easily detectable by Search mode.
Input
When the GFX inverter input terminals are connected to a stable AC source, the inverter will synchronize itself with that source and use it as the primary source of AC power. (See “AC Source
and “Battery Charging” on page 18.)
Two sets of input criteria are available, one for the utility grid and one for a generator. Only one can be selected at a time. In the MATE system display, these options are selected using the ac transfer control
menu. (See the next item below. Also see AC Current Settings on page 15.) Both the utility grid and
generator criteria are adjustable.
The grid-interactive function can sell power using the input connection. (See the section entitled “Selling”
does not function if gen is selected.
The Grid/Generator Support feature can use battery power to assist a smaller AC source. (See the section
entitled “Grid/Generator Support” on page 17.)
There are a number of considerations when selecting the type and size of an AC generator. (See the
section entitled “Generators” on page 16.)
The AC input current is used to power both loads and battery charging. The combined amount should not exceed the size of the breaker or AC source. These devices should be sized appropriately during planning.
The loads powered by the inverter must not exceed the size of the inverter’s transfer relay. (See the
section entitled “Transfer” on page 16.)
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Current draw in excess of the inverter’s transfer relay rating can damage the transfer relay. This damage is not covered by warranty.
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Operation
AC Current Settings
The AC current settings control the amount of current that the inverter draws from the source(s). The amount of current is controlled by the grid or generator limit settings. These settings should be adjusted to match the size of the input breaker or circuit which is to be protected. In the MATE system display, if the ac transfer control menu is set to grid, the inverter uses the grid settings. If the menu is set to gen, the inverter uses the generator settings.
This is intended to protect a generator or source that may not be large enough to supply enough current.
If the combined charging and loads exceed this setting, the inverter will reduce its charge rate and give priority to the loads. If the loads exceed this number on their own, the charge rate will be reduced to zero.
The inverter is capable of supporting the source with power from the batteries. See the section entitled
“Grid/Generator Support” on page 17.
If multiple parallel inverters are installed with an AC source of limited amperage, the total combined amperage settings for all units must be less than the input or breaker size of the AC source. The inverters do not perform this calculation. It may be necessary to divide the input size by the number of inverters and assign an equal part of the amperage to each port.
AC Source Acceptance
The input source must meet the following specifications to be accepted:
120 Vac, ± 12 Vac (default setting), and
60 Hz, ± 6 Hz
When these conditions are met, the inverter will close its transfer relay and accept the input source.
This occurs after a delay which is specified below. If the conditions are not met, the inverter will not accept the source. If it was previously accepted and then rejected, the inverter will open the relay and return to inverting power from the batteries.
If the MATE’s ac transfer control menu is set to grid, there is a connection delay of approximately
15 seconds. This time is not adjustable.
If the MATE’s ac transfer control menu is set to gen, there is a connection delay with a default setting of 0.5 minutes. This is intended as a generator warmup period. This item is adjustable.
Notes:
Several items, external to the inverter, may prevent the inverter from accepting AC power even if electrical conditions are met. One is the high-battery transfer (HBX) mode, which is operated by the
MATE system display. (See page 29 and the MATE manual.) Another is the MATE’s AC IN hot key,
which can turn off the input to all inverters. (See the MATE manual.)
The inverter has additional criteria that govern whether it sells power. The inverter may accept AC power but refuse to sell if the acceptance criteria are met, but the grid-interactive criteria are not. (See
the section entitled “Selling” on page 23.)
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Operation
Generators
A generator should be sized to provide enough power for both loads and battery charging.
The generator needs a single circuit which is sized to provide current to all inverters on a given phase or leg.
It is usually recommended that the generator be sized at twice the wattage of the inverter system. Many portable generators may not be able to maintain AC voltage or frequency for long periods of time if they are loaded more than 80% of rated capacity.
If a split-phase 120/240 Vac generator is powering a single-phase 120 Vac inverter system with no other compensation, it is required to be at least twice the wattage of the inverters. (A split-phase generator that is heavily loaded on one output leg may suffer severely from balancing issues.)
The OutBack FW-X240 or PSX-240 balancing transformers may compensate for this condition.
Using the MATE system display, it is recommended to set the ac transfer control menu to gen when connecting a generator. If the setting is left on grid, the inverter’s internal settings will still be set for utility-grade power. Unless the generator delivers extremely high-quality power, it might not be accepted.
(Alternately, the inverter might accept the generator and attempt to sell power back to it.) Changing to
gen will remove the requirements for high-grade power and will prevent selling.
The generator is required to have a stable output before its power is accepted by the inverter. Some generators with less stable or uneven outputs may not be accepted.
When using capacitor-excited generators or self-excited induction generators, there can be side
effects while using the Grid/Generator Support feature (see page 17). These generators do not always
deliver full output when operating in parallel with another source of power, such as the Support feature. The inverter’s battery charger may work erratically or at a low charge rate. It may be necessary to disable the Support feature. Consult the generator manufacturer if necessary.
Transfer
The inverter uses a transfer relay to alternate between the states of inverting and of accepting an AC source. Until the relay energizes, the AC HOT IN and AC HOT OUT terminals are electrically isolated from each other; when it closes, they become electrically common. When the relay changes states, the physical transfer delay is approximately 12 milliseconds.
The AC NEUTRAL IN and AC NEUTRAL OUT terminals are electrically common regardless of the state of the relay.
The relay contacts are limited to 60 amps. The loads should never exceed this number.
The inverter does not filter or clean up the power from the AC source. The voltage and power quality received by the output loads is the same as that of the source. If the voltage or quality do not meet
any fluctuations within the inverter’s tolerance range will be transferred to the loads. If the loads are sensitive, it may be necessary to ensure the quality of the AC source.
To ensure a smoother transition, it may be advisable to raise the inverter’s lower acceptance limit. The default setting is 108 Vac. A higher setting will cause the inverter to transfer sooner in the event of a quality problem.
In a stacked system, slaves are ordered to transfer at the same time as the master. If a slave does not
16
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Current draw in excess of the inverter’s transfer relay rating can damage the transfer relay. This damage is not covered by warranty.
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Operation
Grid/Generator Support
A system display is required to control this feature. When this feature is enabled, the inverter limits the current draw from an AC source, augmenting it with additional current from the batteries when necessary. This helps prevent overloading a small AC breaker or generator during short-term use.
Initially, the AC source current is used for both loads and battery charging. In the MATE system display, the
ac1/grid limit or ac2/gen limit settings dictate the maximum AC draw. If the AC draw exceeds this setting, the inverter reduces its charge rate to give priority to the loads.
The charge rate will be reduced as much as necessary to support the loads. If the loads equal the amperage setting, the charge rate will be zero.
If the AC loads exceed the amperage setting, the charger will begin operating in reverse. It will take power
from the batteries and use it to support the incoming AC current.
IMPORTANT:
If the AC loads exceed the amperage limit setting, the inverter will drain the batteries. If the loads are sustained, the batteries may discharge to the point of Low Battery Cut-Out
and the inverter may shut down with a Low Battery error. (See pages 13 and 36.) To
prevent the loss of backup power, load use should be planned accordingly.
In the MATE system display, this feature is activated by the ac2/gen support menu item, located in the
ADVANCED menus. (See the MATE manual.)
Although the menu is titled “ac2 gen support”, it functions equally well whether the AC source is a generator or the utility grid.
Choose between generator or grid criteria using the MATE’s ac transfer control menu. The default is grid.
The <GRID> and <GEN> soft keys will toggle between these respective options.
The default selection is on. It can be switched off using the <OFF> soft key. The MATE’s ac transfer
control menu must be selected to gen in order to do this. In current models, if ac transfer control is set to
grid, the support feature cannot be disabled.
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Operation
Battery Charging
IMPORTANT:
Battery charger settings need to be correct for a given battery type. Always follow battery manufacturer recommendations. Making incorrect settings, or leaving them at factory default settings, may cause the batteries to be undercharged or overcharged.
Voltage
Absorption Set Point
Float Set Point
Sell RE Set Point
Refloat Set Point
Absorption
Sell RE
Silent
Float
Float Timer
Silent
Sell RE
No
Charge
Bulk
Time
Figure 4 Charging Stages Over Time
All voltages in this section are given for a 12-volt system. For higher-voltage systems, the voltage can be multiplied by the appropriate amount. (Factory defaults for each inverter voltage are shown
beginning on page 47.) Set points can be adjusted using the system display (see the appropriate
manual).
The inverter uses a “three-stage” battery charging process. The three stages are Bulk, Absorption, and
Float. These stages follow a series of steps, which are marked on the chart above. The points where the dark line intersects the vertical dotted line indicate a change from one step to the next. The points where they also intersect with a horizontal dotted line indicate that the charger has switched to a new target voltage. The process shown here also includes the step of selling power back to the utility, as this is integrally tied with the battery charger.
The Target Points and Time Limits cited under various steps are settable using the system display.
No Charging
If the inverter is not charging, any of the following conditions may apply:
The unit is inverting or not connected to an AC source.
The unit is connected to an AC source but is in a mode or stage that does not use the charger. (Silent mode is one example.)
The unit is connected to an AC source but the charger has been turned off.
Bulk Stage
This stage activates the charger. This is the first stage in the three-stage charge cycle. It is a constant-current stage which drives the battery voltage up. This stage typically leaves the batteries at
75% – 90% of their capacity, depending on conditions.
Target point: Absorption Voltage setting. The default setting is 14.4 Vdc (in a 12-volt system).
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The initial DC current is the maximum current the charger can deliver. It will begin at the charger’s specified maximum, but will gradually decrease as the voltage increases. This is a tradeoff in wattage and is normal for the charger.
Absorption Stage
This is the second stage of charging. It is a constant-voltage stage. Current varies as needed to maintain the voltage, but will typically decrease to a very low number over time. This “tops off the tank”, leaving the batteries at essentially 100% of capacity.
Target point: Absorption Voltage setting.
Time limit: Absorption Time setting. This timer counts down from the inception of the Absorption stage until it reaches zero. The timer can be viewed. (See the system display manual.)
The charging of multiple stacked inverters is synchronized and is governed by the master. When the master inverter reaches the end of Absorption (and other stages), the slaves will exit Absorption as well, even if their timers have not expired. The remaining time for the slaves will be retained in the timer for each inverter.
The Absorption timer does not reset to zero when AC power is disconnected or reconnected. It only resets to zero if it runs out, or if an external STOP BULK command is sent. The rest of the time, it retains any remaining time. It adds more time to the Absorption period whenever the batteries fall below a
certain voltage. (See page 21 for more information on how the timer works.)
If the voltage exceeds the Absorption voltage setting (usually due to another charging source), the inverter(s) can sell current to the loads (or the source) in an effort to bring the voltage down to the set point. This will reduce the inverter’s draw from the AC source.
Sell
This is not a charging stage and is only used once the batteries are recharged. Sell is a constant-voltage mode of operation. The inverter cannot import current to charge the batteries to this value, but it can export any excess current to hold them at a constant voltage. (Usually excess current comes into the batteries from a PV array, wind turbine, or similar renewable source.)
Target point: Sell RE voltage setting. The default setting is 13.0 Vdc (in a 12-volt system).
This setting is typically lower than the Float voltage setting. Although the batteries are not discharged, they are maintained at a somewhat lower voltage so that the maximum amount of power can be exported.
Excess power is sent first to any loads on the inverter’s output, in what is known as “zeroing”. If the exported power exceeds the loads, the remainder is sold back to the utility grid, using the inverter’s
AC input terminals. The unit will maintain this activity for as long as excess power is available. If excess power is not available, the battery voltage will drop below the Sell RE voltage and the unit will leave this stage.
See page 23 for more notes on the Sell feature.
Silent
The inverter remains on the AC source, but the charger is inactive. It enters this mode when there is not enough energy to sustain selling. The batteries are not in significant use by the inverter, but they are also not being charged by renewable sources. The battery voltage will naturally decrease when not maintained by another means.
Target point: Refloat Voltage setting, which activates the charger again. The default set point is
12.5 Vdc (in a 12-volt system).
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Operation
Note: If the MATE’s ac transfer control menu is set to gen, the charger skips both Sell and Silent, and proceeds directly to Float stage. (It will remain in Float until a new charge cycle is required, possibly through loss of AC power.) If ac transfer control is set to grid, the charger goes through Silent as
noted and proceeds to Float only when the batteries drop to the Refloat voltage level. (See pages 14
and 15, and the MATE manual, for more information on ac transfer control.)
Float Stage
This is the third stage of charging. It is a constant-voltage stage. Current varies as needed to maintain the voltage, but typically drops to a low number. This stage offsets the batteries’ tendency to selfdischarge (as well as the draw of any other DC loads), and maintains them at 100% of capacity.
Target point: Float Voltage setting. The default set point is 13.6 Vdc (in a 12-volt system).
Time limit: Float Time setting.
If the voltage exceeds the Float voltage setting (usually due to another charging source), the inverter can sell current to the loads (or the source) in an effort to bring the voltage down to the set point.
This will reduce the inverter’s draw from the AC source.
Float Timer
This is not a separate stage of charging. On the chart, it is marked as a separate step to note that the timer only begins running upon reaching the Float set point. It does not begin running at the beginning of Float stage. (The Float timer is reset to its maximum amount whenever the batteries drop to the Refloat voltage.)
Repeated Silent
The unit re-enters the Silent mode as it did on page 19. The unit remains on the AC source, but the
charger is inactive.
Target point: Refloat Voltage setting.
The unit will continue cycling between Float and Silent for as long as the AC source is present.
However, if excess DC power is available and the batteries rise above the Sell RE set point, the unit can re-enter Sell and begin selling the excess as described above.
The unit can only re-enter Sell when none of the timers are active. If any of the timers have accumulated time while in Silent, the unit will enter the highest stage with accumulated time and proceed from that point.
Voltage
Absorption
Absorption Set Point
Float Set Point
Sell RE Set Point
Refloat Set Point
Rebulk Point
Absorption
Sell RE
Sell RE
Silent
Float
Float
Timer
AC Loss
Bulk
No
Charge
Bulk
Time
Figure 5 Repeated Charging Cycles
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New Charging Cycle
If the AC source is lost or disconnected, the unit will return to inverting mode if enabled. The battery voltage will begin to decrease due to loads or natural loss. When the AC source is restored, the inverter will return to the charging cycle. If the batteries drop below the Rebulk voltage, the inverter will restart the cycle, beginning at Bulk stage. If the batteries do not drop below Rebulk, the charger will not enter the Bulk stage and will return to its previous stage.
New Absorption Stage
When entering the second stage, Absorption, the charger will not necessarily run through its full duration. The timer will count down whatever time remains from the previous cycle, or whatever time it has accumulated since then.
Absorption Timer
The Absorption timer does not reset to its maximum like the Float timer does. Instead, the timer counts upward (gaining time) whenever the battery voltage drops below the Rebulk point. This means that the Absorption period may not always be the same, depending on how much time it has acquired.
In a 12-volt system, the Rebulk voltage is 12.2 Vdc. (All voltages in this section are given for a 12-volt system.) This is a fixed setting and cannot be changed. For as long as the inverter remains below this voltage, the Absorption timer will gain an equal amount of time. This dictates the duration of the
Absorption stage. Note that in
the arrows show that the duration of time spent below the
Rebulk voltage is the same as the subsequent Absorption period.
If the battery voltage drops below 12.0 Vdc (in a 12-volt system), the timer increments (counts upward) at double the normal rate. For example, if the batteries spent 8 minutes below this voltage,
16 minutes would be added to the Absorption timer. Similarly, if the battery voltage drops below
11.8 Vdc (in a 12-volt system), the timer increments at quadruple the normal rate.
The Absorption timer continues this behavior even if the charger is still on. For example, if the charger is in Float stage and there is a significant battery drain, the charger may not be able to maintain the batteries at the Float voltage. Once the batteries fall below the Rebulk point, the Absorption timer will begin accumulating time. (However, the accumulation will be minor, as this will also cause the charger to re-enter the Bulk stage.)
The timer will stop incrementing when it reaches the absorb time limit setting. This is the maximum duration of the Absorption stage. This means that regardless of the voltage, the timer will always run for the full Absorption period if the batteries dropped below the appropriate voltage for that amount of time. If significant battery drain caused them to drop below the set points for doubling or quadrupling the rate, it may run for the full Absorption period even after a lesser amount of time.
The rest of the charging stages will proceed as described on the previous few pages.
Equalization
Equalization is a controlled overcharge that is part of regular battery maintenance. Equalization brings the batteries to a much higher voltage than usual and “simmers” them for a period of time.
This has the result of removing inert compounds from the battery plates, and reducing stratification in the electrolyte.
This process must be started manually using the system display. The inverter cannot be programmed for automatic battery equalization. This is a safety measure.
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Operation
Equalization follows the same pattern as standard three-stage charging, as shown in Figure 4.
However, instead of the Absorption voltage and time set points, it is controlled by the equalize set
point and equalize time period settings in the system display.
Equalization is normally performed only on flooded lead-acid batteries. The schedule for equalization varies with battery use and type, but it is usually performed every few months. If performed correctly, this process can extend battery life by a considerable amount.
Equalization is not normally performed on nickel-technology batteries or any sort of sealed battery.
CAUTION: Battery Damage
Never perform equalization on sealed gel-cell batteries. This process will destroy them.
Contact the battery manufacturer for recommendations on equalization voltage, duration, schedule, and/or advisability. Always follow manufacturer recommendations for equalization. Do not equalize any battery unless approved by the manufacturer.
Battery Temperature Compensation
Temperature compensation is a process that corrects for changes in battery performance caused by varying temperature.
When batteries are cooler than room temperature (25 °C or 77 °F), the electrolyte reaction slows down.
This causes the battery to accept charging energy less readily. Delivering the usual amount of energy that would fully recharge a battery at room temperature will undercharge a cool one.
Conversely, when batteries are warmer than room temperature, the electrolyte reaction is somewhat hyper-reactive. It takes less energy than usual to charge them. Delivering the full (room-temperature) amount of energy would overcharge them and can be hard on them over time.
The inverter, when equipped with the Remote Temperature Sensor (RTS) will compensate for changes in temperature. The RTS is attached to a single battery near the center of the bank, to achieve a representative temperature. If installed in a multiple-inverter system, only a single RTS is necessary. It must be plugged into the master inverter, and will control the charging of all slaves and all charge controllers. (See the GFX Series Installation Manual to locate the RTS port.) This process is automatic.
When charging, an inverter system with an RTS will increase or decrease the charge voltage by 5 mV per degree Celsius per battery cell. This setting affects the Absorption, Float, and Equalization set points. The Sell RE and Refloat set points are not temperature compensated. The Equalization set points are not compensated in OutBack charge controllers.
In a 12 Vdc system (6 cells, 2 volts each), this means 0.03 volts per degree Celsius above or below 25 °C.
Maximum compensation is ± 0.6 Vdc.
In a 24 Vdc system (12 cells, 2 volts each), this means 0.06 volts per degree Celsius above or below 25 °C.
Maximum compensation is ± 1.2 Vdc.
In a 48 Vdc system (24 cells, 2 volts each), this means 0.12 volts per degree Celsius above or below 25 °C.
Maximum compensation is ± 2.4 Vdc.
Examples:
A 12 Vdc system with batteries at 10 °C will compensate its charging to 0.3 Vdc higher than the set points.
A 24 Vdc system with batteries at 35 °C will compensate its charging to 0.6 Vdc lower than the set points.
A 48 Vdc system with batteries at 15 °C will compensate its charging to 1.2 Vdc higher than the set points.
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Selling
IMPORTANT:
Selling power to the utility company requires the authorization of the local electric jurisdiction. How the local utility company handles this will depend on their policies on this issue. Some may pay for power sold; others may issue credit. Some policies may prohibit the use of this mode. Please check with the utility company and obtain their permission before using this mode.
The GFX inverters are grid-interactive. This means that in addition to using power from the utility grid for charging and loads, these models can also convert excess battery power and sell it to the utility grid. This is known as the “grid-tie” or “Sell” feature. Excess battery power usually comes from renewable energy sources, such as PV arrays, micro-hydroelectric turbines, and wind generators.
The operation of the Sell feature is referenced heavily in the Battery Charging section, as it is integrally tied with the battery charger. In fact, selling is occasionally referred to as “charging in reverse”. Where the charger draws power from the AC input and puts it into the batteries, the Sell feature removes power from the batteries (or the DC system) and returns it to the AC input.
The Sell feature can only operate while the utility grid power is stable and within certain limits. If the AC voltage or frequency vary outside these limits, the inverter will stop selling. It may not disconnect from the utility grid. If the inverter stops selling, the system display will show the reason. Stop Sell Reasons are listed
on page 15. These numbers are often not the same.
Once the AC voltage and frequency become acceptable, the inverter has a minimum one-minute delay before selling will begin. Upon initial connection to the utility grid, the inverter may be required to perform a full battery charge. This may delay the operation of the sell feature.
In the system display, the key set point is sell re volts. (See the system display manual to change this set
point. When a renewable source of energy raises the batteries above this set point, the inverter exports power in order to bring the voltage back down or to prevent it from rising further.
The Sell feature only functions when excess DC (renewable) power is available.
The inverter itself cannot import AC power to raise the batteries to the sell re volts set point.
The Sell feature can use other set points than sell re volts. If the charger is in a different stage, such as
Absorption or Float, it can use the Absorption or Float voltage as reference points. As long as the renewable energy exceeds the voltage for that stage, it can sell exactly the same way as noted above.
When power is returned to the utility grid, it is possible to completely reverse the utility meter. The net result would be to sell power to the utility company. However, this depends on whether there are other loads in the system. Loads on the main panel (not on the inverter’s output) may consume this power as fast as it is generated, preventing the meter from running backwards. In this case, the result of selling would be to reduce the consumption of AC power, not reverse it.
The maximum amount of power an inverter can sell is not equal to its specified output wattage. It can exceed the specified wattage under some conditions, usually temporarily. (Its maximum output is 30 amps.)
However, output will vary with inverter temperature, battery type, and other conditions. The inverter should not be expected to sell 100% of its specified output wattage continuously. Even though it may be able to do so, this may leave it too hot to perform other functions (such as starting heavy loads if they are needed during a utility outage).
A good guideline is that the renewable source should be sized to continuously deliver no more than
85% of the inverter’s specified wattage (per inverter, in a multi-inverter system). This recommendation is specifically for the inverter’s Sell feature. In some cases, the source may be sized larger to account for environmental conditions or the presence of DC loads. This depends on individual site requirements.
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Operation
Multiple-Inverter Installations (Stacking)
Multiple inverters in a single system can support larger loads than a single inverter can handle.
Installing inverters in this configuration is called “stacking”. Stacking inverters does not refer to physically placing one on top of another. It refers to how they are wired within the system and then programmed to coordinate activity. Stacking allows all units to work together as one system.
Each inverter is programmed to power an individual phase of the system and to operate at certain times. This order is assigned using a system display, such as the OutBack MATE. (Stacking the GFX inverters requires a MATE with firmware revision 4.1.6 or above.)
Examples of stacking configurations include “series”, “parallel”, and “three-phase” configurations.
Stacking requires an OutBack HUB product, as well as a system display. A system of four or fewer units may use the HUB4. Systems of up to ten units require the HUB10. All interconnections are made using
CAT5 non-crossover cable. (See the GFX Series Installation Manual for more stacking instructions.)
Each inverter needs to be assigned a status — “master” or “slave”. The master is the primary and most heavily used unit. Slave inverters provide assistance when the loads are more than the master can handle alone. Programming involves using the system display to assign a status and stacking value to the inverter on each port. See the system display and HUB manuals for programming instructions.
24
HUB4 MATE
Additional Ports Port 1 MATE Port
Figure 6 OutBack HUB4 and MATE
IMPORTANT:
The master inverter must always be connected to port 1 on the HUB. Connecting it elsewhere, or connecting a slave to port 1, will result in backfeed or output voltage errors which will shut the system down immediately.
Installing multiple inverters without stacking them (or stacking them improperly) will result in similar errors and shutdown.
Although stacking allows greater capacity, the loads, wiring, and breakers must still be sized appropriately. Additional terminations and bus bars may be required.
Overloading may cause the breakers to trip or the inverters to shut down.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
The inverters in a stacked system should all be the same DC voltage, wattage, and model. Do not stack inverters of different wattages.
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Classic Series Stacking (Dual-Stack)
In “classic” series stacking, two inverters create two separate 120 Vac output phases (“legs”). One leg is the master. The other is the slave, which creates a 120 Vac output that is intentionally 180° out of phase with the master. Each of these legs can be used to power a separate set of 120 Vac loads.
Collectively they form a “split-phase” configuration. This configuration produces 240 Vac, which can be used to power 240 Vac loads when both inverters work together.
This system can continuously power 2.6 – 3.0 kVA of loads, depending on the inverter model.
A single (phase) inverter can power 1.3 – 1.5 kVA of loads, depending on the inverter model.
The two legs operate independently of each other.
The 120 Vac loads on each leg cannot exceed a given inverter’s wattage. The second inverter cannot assist.
Only two inverters, one per phase, may be installed in a classic series arrangement.
1.3 kVA
120 Vac
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
2.6 kVA
240 Vac
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
1.3 kVA
120 Vac
Figure 7 Example of Classic Series Stacking Arrangement (Two Inverters)
Parallel Stacking (Dual-Stack and Larger)
In parallel stacking, two or more inverters are stacked to create a single, common 120 Vac output.
The master provides the primary output. The slaves are connected to the same output and assist the master.
The slave inverters can be programmed to activate on demand, reducing idle-power consumption. They will remain off until the loads exceed a certain threshold.
A two-inverter system can continuously power 2.6 – 3.0 kVA of loads, depending on the inverter model.
Up to ten inverters may be installed in a parallel arrangement. The example on this page shows three inverters.
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
1.3 kVA 120 Vac 1.3 kVA 120 Vac
3.9 kVA
120 Vac
Figure 8 Example of Parallel Stacking Arrangement (Three Inverters)
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Operation
Three-Phase Stacking
In three-phase stacking, three inverters are stacked to create three separate 120 Vac output legs.
These outputs are 120° out of phase. Any two outputs produce 208 Vac between them. The three outputs can be used to power three-phase loads when all inverters work together.
A three-phase system can continuously power 3.9 kVA – 4.5 kVA of loads, depending on the inverter model.
Only three inverters, one per phase, may be installed in a three-phase arrangement.
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
1.3 kVA
120 Vac
1.3 kVA
120 Vac
3.9 kVA
208 Vac
1.3 kVA 120 Vac
1.3 kVA
120 Vac
Figure 9 Example of Three-Phase Stacking Arrangement (Three Inverters)
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Power Save Levels
Depending on the model, each inverter consumes approximately 20 watts of idle power while it remains on, even if it isn’t actively inverting or charging. The Power Save function allows the option to put some or all slave inverters into Silent mode to minimize idle consumption. The inverters will come on again when the loads require power.
The master inverter remains active unless specifically ordered to turn off. It does not enter Silent mode.
When the majority of the inverter’s wattage is consumed by loads, the master turns on one or more slaves for assistance. When the load drops back to a lesser wattage (as detected by the master), the slaves return to Silent mode.
The order in which slaves turn on (or return to Silent mode) is controlled by programming in the system display. The slaves are given a “rank”, or level number. The lower the number, the sooner a slave will be turned on.
IMPORTANT:
It is important to use the system display to set up the Power Save menus for any system with multiple inverters, regardless of system type. The Power Save feature itself is only usable by systems with inverters that have been programmed as OB Slave L1 or OB Slave
L2. However, many other system types have internal priorities that are controlled by the
power save level settings. Failing to set these correctly may cause erratic or unusual behavior.
In the MATE system display, the power save level menus contain two screens. These are master
adjust only and slave adjust only. Both screens have a settable range of values. (See the MATE manual for more information.)
The first screen, master adjust only, must only be used when port P01 is selected with the <PORT> soft key.
This should be the master inverter. Although the screen is still visible when other (slave) ports are available, it should not be programmed when other ports are selected. The range of rank numbers is 0 – 7. The default value is 0. The master is normally left at this value.
The second screen, slave adjust only, must only be used when ports other than P01 are selected. Although the screen is still visible when the P01 (master) port is selected, it should not be programmed for P01. The range of rank numbers is 1 – 15. The default value for all ports is 1.
The ranks are prioritized so that lower-numbered ranks turn on sooner and higher ranks turn on later. The lowest-ranked unit will not go silent and will remain on unless ordered otherwise. The lowest-ranked unit is expected to be the master. The priorities are the same across both screens; thus, if P01 (master) is set at 0 and P02 (slave) is set at 1, the slave will turn on later. Since the master adjust only screen is the only one that goes to 0, it is easy to ensure that all other units besides the master go silent.
If a slave is prioritized higher than the master (by raising the master level to 2 and the slave to 1, for example), that slave will not go silent. This will keep the Power Save mode from functioning.
It is recommended to rank the slave inverters in order (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.). It is also recommended that slaves do not share rank numbers. For example, if multiple slaves were all ranked at 1, they would all come on at the same time. Once they came on, the divided load would cause the master to detect a minimal load on its output, so it would shut off all the slaves. At this point the master would read a high load again. This could quickly escalate into a rapid on/off cycling of inverters and could cause long-term system problems.
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Operation
Auxiliary Terminals
The inverter’s AUX terminals provide a 12 Vdc output that can deliver up to 0.7 Adc to control external
loads. The AUX LED (see page 11) illuminates when this output is present. Typical loads include
signaling a generator to start, sending a fault alarm signal, or running a small fan to cool the inverter.
See the GFX Series Installation Manual for more information on hooking up the AUX terminals. See the system display manual for instructions on programming this feature.
The system display can turn the AUX output on and off. It can also control a series of automatic AUX functions. There are nine functions, each geared toward a different application. To avoid conflicts,
this menu should be turned off when the AGS function is active. (See page 29.)
Cool Fan enables the AUX output when the inverter reaches a high internal temperature. It is intended to trigger a small external fan for additional cooling. This is the default setting. See the Warning
Troubleshooting table on page 37 for a description of the fan criteria.
This function does not have settable parameters.
DivertDC enables the AUX output to divert excess renewable energy to a DC load, such as a resistor or heater. The AUX function energizes a relay. Then the relay allows current to flow from the batteries to the load. (This is illustrated in the GFX Series Installation Manual.) Diversion is triggered by high DC voltage and is usually used to regulate battery charging. The resistor must be sized to dissipate all of the energy from the renewable source if necessary.
DivertDC and DivertAC use the same settable DC voltage and time parameters.
DivertAC enables the AUX function to divert excess renewable energy to an AC load, usually an AC device powered by the inverter itself. The AUX function energizes a relay. Then the relay allows the excess current to flow to the AC load. Diversion is triggered by high DC voltage and is usually used to regulate battery charging. The AC device is usually wired to the output, or load panel, and must be left on. It must be sized to dissipate all of the energy from the renewable source if necessary. If the inverter shuts down due to overload, the AUX output will also shut down.
DivertAC and DivertDC use the same settable DC voltage and time parameters.
AC Drop enables the AUX output whenever the inverter disconnects from an AC source. It can activate a light (or alarm) to show that the utility grid has failed or that a generator has shut off. Alternately, it could be used to show that the source is operating.
This function does not have settable parameters.
Vent Fan enables the AUX output in response to high battery voltage. It can run a small fan to ventilate the battery compartment to eliminate gases that result from battery charging. Vent Fan runs for one minute. It then stops for a delay period before running again for another minute.
This function has settable DC voltage and settable time delay parameters.
can activate a light or alarm to show that the inverter has failed. With the appropriate devices, it could send an alarm signal through a radio, pager, or telephone dialer.
This function does not have settable parameters.
This function is not triggered by Phase Loss Error, as Phase Loss Error does not shut down the inverter.
GenAlert is used as a simple controller for an AC generator with an automatic start feature. The generator is used to recharge batteries using the inverter’s battery charger. The AUX function is used to energize a relay. Then the relay activates the remote start/stop circuit on the generator. (This is illustrated in the GFX
Series Installation Manual.) GenAlert is triggered by DC voltage.
This function has settable voltage and time parameters.
GenAlert has the advantage of functioning when the system display is removed. However, it may not completely charge the batteries and does not have all the advantages of the Automatic Generator Start
(AGS) feature that is found in the system display. For many users, the AGS feature may prove more useful than GenAlert. GenAlert, however, could be used as a literal “Generator Alert”, a signal to the user to manually start a generator.
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Operation
LoadShed enables the AUX function to perform load management. When battery voltage drops below a certain level, the AUX is activated. The AUX output energizes a normally closed (NC) relay, which is connected to non-vital loads. When the relay is energized, the loads are disengaged to conserve battery power. LoadShed will also occur when the inverter enters a high-temperature condition or when the AC output voltage drops below 105 Vac for more than three seconds. There is a three-minute fixed delay before the AUX output is deactivated.
This function has a settable DC voltage parameter.
Remote is intended for functions to be introduced in the future. Currently it is used when the MATE uses
PC communications to control the AUX output. Although the MATE can control the AUX even when one of the other AUX functions is enabled, selecting Remote keeps the inverter from interfering with the MATE.
Note that even if the auxiliary functions are disabled, the AUX output may still be triggered by an external function such as AGS (see below).
System Display-Based Functions
Automatic Generator Start (AGS)
As noted under the GenAlert feature (see page 28), the system is capable of starting a generator.
GenAlert simply starts and stops the generator based on battery voltage. For more advanced control, the inverter system can use the Automatic Generator Start (AGS) feature, which runs through the entire three-stage charging cycle. It can start according to battery voltage, inverter load, time of day, and other criteria. It has a quiet time feature which restricts the generator from starting at inconvenient times. Additional features are also available.
Because this is an advanced function with capabilities beyond the inverter’s GenAlert, the control logic for AGS is based in the system display, not the inverter. See the system display manual for more information on programming and using the AGS mode.
High Battery Transfer (HBX)
In HBX mode, the system is connected to an AC source such as the utility grid; however, it will use battery power as the first priority. The AC source is locked out until needed.
In this mode, the system runs on battery-supplied power for as long as the batteries can be sustained.
It is expected that the system will be supplied by renewable sources such as PV power. When the batteries become depleted, the system reconnects to the AC source to operate the loads.
The batteries may be recharged during this time using the renewable source. When the batteries are recharged to a high enough voltage, the system transfers back to the batteries as the primary source
(hence the name High Battery Transfer).
Note: The inverter’s charger should be off. HBX mode is intended to use only the renewable source for charging. Use of renewable charging is the motivator for returning to battery (and renewable) operation. Use of the inverter’s charger interferes with this priority. It also may not charge effectively.
Because this is a system-wide function and not a function of individual inverters, the control logic for
HBX is based in the system display. See the system display manual for more information.
Grid Use Programming
The inverter system is capable of connecting to, or disconnecting from, the utility grid based on time of day. It can also be programmed to connect at different times on weekdays and on weekends.
Because this is a system-wide function and not a function of individual inverters, the control logic for
Grid Use is based in the system display. See the system display manual for more information.
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Operation
30
NOTES:
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
Basic Troubleshooting
This list is organized in order of common symptoms, with a series of possible causes. Each possible cause also has inverter LEDs which may be unusual for that mode of operation. (LEDs which are normal, and LEDs on the system display, are not shown.) Each possible cause also shows possible troubleshooting remedies, including system display checks where appropriate.
Table 4 Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Symptom Unusual LEDs Possible Cause Possible Remedy
No LEDs.
No LEDs, including battery LEDs
No DC voltage. Use a DC voltmeter to check the voltage directly on the DC terminals. If not present, the problem is external. If present, the inverter could be damaged.
Contact OutBack Technical Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
No AC output
(will not invert).
No Inverter LED
No Inverter LED
Jumper JP1 missing.
Unit defaulted off
(No MATE present; initial install; JP1 confirmed present).
See Installation Manual for location of
JP1. Confirm the jumper is present. If missing, replace the jumper. Or follow
Installation Manual instructions to install an external switch.
The inverter may have been given an
OFF command in the factory. With DC present, use narrow pliers to remove jumper JP1 from its pins. Once removed, install it again. This is the equivalent of “jiggling the switch.”
No Inverter LED Inverter set to OFF MATE system display only: Set to ON with
INV hot key.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Inverter LED flashes
Inverting LED not illuminated on questionable unit
Inverter set to SRCH (Search mode). MATE system display only: If constant power is required, set to ON with INV hot key. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
Unit is slave and is in Power Save mode.
MATE system display only: Check Power
Save levels in ADV/FX/STACK menu and test with loads. Note if inverter comes on at the appropriate levels. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
One or more inverters will not invert while others do (in multi-inverter system).
Inverting LED flashes on questionable unit
(Classic Series stacking only)
Unit is in Search mode. Classic Series units are mostly independent. One unit can be in Search mode while the other is on.
MATE system display only: Check both ports in the status/fx/mode menu and set both units to on. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
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Troubleshooting
Table 4 Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Symptom Unusual LEDs Possible Cause Possible Remedy
No AC IN LED No AC input. See “Will not connect to AC” category below.
Will not charge.
AC IN LED normal Charger set to OFF.
AC IN LED normal
AC IN LED normal
MATE system display only: Check
Charger Control screen with AC IN hot key and set to ON or AUTO. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
Check the DC voltage and charging stage using the system display, if present. Confirm with DC voltmeter.
Check the DC voltage on the inverter’s
DC terminals. If different from the system display reading, the inverter could be damaged. Otherwise, check the DC voltage on batteries with a voltmeter. If different from the reading on the inverter, this could be a DC connection problem.
Low charge rate.
Charge complete or nearly complete.
System display’s DC meter reads significantly higher than actual battery voltage.
AC IN LED normal Generator type does not work well in conjunction with Grid/Generator
Support feature (see page 16).
MATE system display only: Turn off the
ac2/gen support feature in
ADV/FX/GEN menu. The ac transfer
control must be set to gen in order to do this. In current models, if ac transfer
control is set to grid, the support feature cannot be disabled.
Will not sell power to the utility grid.
AC IN LED normal
None (AC IN LED is illuminated)
None (AC IN LED is illuminated)
None (AC IN LED and
Inverter are illuminated)
None (AC IN LED is illuminated)
High output loads. If total loads and charge exceed input setting, charge will decrease to give priority to loads.
Turn off some of the output loads and test the charge rate again.
Inverter priority MATE system display only: Check Stop
Sell Reasons menu (STATUS/FX/SELL).
The inverter may be behaving correctly.
AC source does not meet requirements.
High output loads will consume power before it is returned to the utility grid.
Inverter has been set to accept a generator.
Verify grid voltage and frequency.
Determine if they are within the inverter’s approved limits. If not, the inverter is behaving correctly. Contact the utility company if necessary.
MATE system display only: The program selections for limits are IEEE or USER.
Turn off some output loads and observe the sell function.
Inverter will not intentionally sell to a generator.
MATE system display only: Set ac transfer
control to grid.
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900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
Table 4 Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Symptom Unusual LEDs Possible Cause Possible Remedy
Reduced power sold to the utility grid
None AC source voltage is driven high when the inverter sells large amounts of power.
When the inverter senses a rise in grid voltage while selling, it reduces the sell current, to avoid forcing the voltage to unacceptable levels. Check AC input voltage while selling. The inverter may be behaving correctly.
No AC IN LED
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
AC IN LED flashes
Will not connect to the AC source.
AC IN LED flashes
AC IN LED flashes
AC IN LED flashes
AC IN LED switches between continuous and flashing. Inverter
LED remains illuminated.
Inverter clicks repeatedly. AC output voltage rises or drops to unusual levels with every click.
AC IN LED switches between continuous and flashing. Inverter
LED turns on and off with each cycle.
AC IN LED switches between continuous and flashing. Inverter
LED turns on and off with each cycle.
(Generator only)
No AC input. Check the AC voltage on the inverter’s input terminals. If not present, the problem is external. If present, the inverter could be damaged. Contact
OutBack Technical Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
Inverter set to disconnect from AC. MATE system display only: Change AC
Input Control setting from DROP to USE with AC IN hot key. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
HBX mode has disconnected from
AC.
MATE system display only: Check AC IN hot key screen to see if HBX mode is in use. If activated prematurely, check the
HBX settings. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
Grid use function has disconnected from AC.
MATE system display only: If activated prematurely, check both
ADV/MATE/GRIDUSE menu settings and MATE clock settings. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
AC source does not meet requirements.
Inverter’s output has been connected to its input. Voltage shifts are the result of trying to match its own voltage.
Low AC input voltage. Can be caused by weak AC source, or by faulty input connection.
MATE system display only: Check
STATUS/FX/DISCON for the reason for disconnection. If unit never originally connected, check Warning menu.
Confirm source voltage and frequency.
Disconnect wires from either inverter’s
AC input terminals or AC output terminals, or both. If problem immediately disappears, it is an external wiring issue. The inverter’s AC HOT IN and AC HOT OUT must remain isolated from each other.
Test AC HOT IN and NEUTRAL IN connections with AC voltmeter. If low or fluctuating, this is an external problem.
Inverter has been set to sell to utility grid but has been connected to a generator.
Unit will drive the generator voltage up to disconnection, then reconnect to the generator and try again.
MATE system display only: Set ac
transfer control menu to gen. This will keep it from selling.
33
Troubleshooting
Table 4 Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Symptom Unusual LEDs Possible Cause Possible Remedy
None (Solid AC IN LED is replaced with solid
Inverter LED)
Erratic AC source voltage. Check AC voltage on inverter’s input terminals. If not consistent, problem is external.
MATE system display only: AC source voltage may have dipped or hovered at a low enough point to crash a sensitive load before the inverter could take over.
This can happen if ac1/grid lower limit or ac2/gen lower limit were turned down to accommodate a problematic
AC source. To make the inverter respond sooner, raise the lower limit setting. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
Loads drop out or crash during transfer.
Generator, external fan, etc. fails to start when triggered by AUX output.
Inverter LED flashes Unit will take a moment to come out of
Search mode after transferring.
MATE system display only: If constant power is required, set to ON with INV hot key. (If this setting was intentional, then no action is required.)
None (Solid AC IN LED is replaced with solid
Inverter LED)
Loads sensitive to inverter’s minimal transfer time.
This product is not an uninterruptible power supply. Certain loads (such as highly sensitive computers) may not respond well to the inverter’s 12ms transfer time. It may be necessary to put a true UPS on the inverter’s output.
Inverter LED flickers;
Error LED
Inverter LED flickers;
Error LED
Amber AUX LED is on
Inverter was set to SRCH (Search mode).
Loads too large.
Undersized battery cables.
AUX output is not connected, or is not delivering 12-volt output.
Unit can transfer more power than it can invert. If loads are oversized, unit will falter or crash when switching to batteries. Reduce the size of the loads.
Battery cables that are smaller than recommended will cause a significant voltage drop when switching to batteries, acting like either an overload or a low-battery condition. Size all cables correctly.
Test the generator or device to confirm functionality. Test the AUX+ and AUX– terminals with a DC voltmeter. If voltage is present with the AUX LED on, then there is an external connection problem. If voltage is not present with the AUX LED on, the AUX circuit may be damaged. Contact OutBack Technical
Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
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900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
Table 4 Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Symptom Unusual LEDs Possible Cause Possible Remedy
Unusual voltage on AC HOT or
AC NEUTRAL output line in single-inverter system.
None (Inverter LED is illuminated)
System neutral and ground may not be bonded.
Test AC HOT OUT and NEUTRAL OUT connections on inverter’s terminals with
AC voltmeter. Test NEUTRAL OUT and
GROUND connections on inverter’s terminals with AC voltmeter. The first measurement should give full voltage; the second measurement should give zero. Any other result means the neutral and ground are not bonded correctly.
Usually the hot line reads 60-75 Vac and the neutral reads 45-60 Vac, with respect to ground.
Unusual and different voltages on AC
HOT input or output lines in series stacked system.
AC IN may flash
Unit reads AC input, even though no source is present.
AC IN LED flashes
Inverter hums loudly. System display may show messages for high battery voltage, low battery voltage, or backfeed error.
Error LED
Inverter neutral is not connected correctly.
Internal transfer relay may be damaged.
Test AC HOT and NEUTRAL connections with AC voltmeter. (This can be on the input or the output, depending where the symptoms appear.) Test AC HOT connections from one inverter to the next. From hot to neutral should be approximately 120 Vac. The two legs should add up to 240 Vac. If the two legs are different voltages but still add up to 240 Vac, the neutral is not connected to the inverter. Usually one leg reads 100-110 Vac and the other reads 130-140 Vac. If this problem is on the input, the inverters may not connect to the AC source.
Disconnect AC input wires and turn inverter on. Test the AC HOT IN and
NEUTRAL IN connections with an AC voltmeter. If voltage appears there, transfer relay may be jammed. Contact
OutBack Technical Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
Inverter output is being fed with an external AC source that is out of phase.
Disconnect AC output wires. Turn inverter off and then on. If the problem clears, reconnect the AC output wires. If the problem recurs when reconnected, an external AC source is connected to the output.
Inverter has been incorrectly stacked with another unit on the same output. All units come defaulted as master.
Check HUB ports and make certain the master inverter is plugged into port 1.
MATE system display only: Check stacking settings in the ADV/FX/STACK menu. Only one master is allowed per system.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
35
Error Messages
An Error message is caused by a critical fault. In most cases when this occurs, the unit will shut down
and the inverter’s ERROR LED (see page 11) will illuminate. See the system display manual for
instructions on viewing errors. One or more messages will display yes. If a message says no, it is not the cause of the error.
Error screens can only display errors; they cannot clear them. It is possible to clear an error by resetting the inverter. The inverter must be turned off, and then on, to reset it. Other possible remedies are shown below (although it is still necessary to reset the inverter).
Table 5 Error Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Message Causes
low ac output voltage
Inverter’s AC regulation cannot be maintained under high load conditions.
Check loads and measure current draw. Remove loads as necessary.
stacking error detected
Programming problem among stacked units. (Often occurs if there is no master.) Can also occur when ac output
backfeed occurs.
Check stacking programming and designation of master. (See
Check for output backfeed from an external source. Disconnect output if necessary.
inverter overtemp
Inverter has exceeded its maximum allowed operating temperature.
Allow the inverter to remain off for a short time to reduce the temperature, or add external cooling.
This error can occur without shutting off the inverter, if the inverter is in Sell mode. (This error turns off the inverter’s output, but not the input.) It may be necessary to manually shut the inverter off. If an extra inverter is added to the system, this will distribute the sell current more widely and allow each unit to run cooler.
low battery voltage phase loss error
DC voltage is below Low Battery Cut-Out
(LBCO) set point.
This error can be triggered by other causes. It can appear along with low AC
output voltage, AC output shorted, or
ac output backfeed errors.
If this error accompanies other errors, treat those conditions as appropriate.
If it occurs by itself: Recharge the batteries. The error will clear automatically if an external AC source is connected and the inverter’s charger comes on.
A slave was ordered to transfer to AC by the master, but no AC is present. The unit continues inverting. This is the only
“Error” that is not accompanied by a shutdown.
Check the AC voltage on the inverter input terminals. If AC voltage is not present, problem is external. If AC voltage is present, the unit may be damaged. Contact OutBack Technical
Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
Check the charging source. This problem is usually the result of external charging. This error will clear automatically if conditions are removed.
high battery voltage ac output shorted
DC voltage exceeded acceptable level
Inverter exceeded its maximum surge current due to severe overload.
ac output backfeed
36
Usually indicates another AC power source (out of phase with the inverter) was connected to the unit’s AC output.
Check the loads and wiring. This problem is more often the result of a wiring error (a short).
Disconnect the AC OUT wires from the inverter. Check the wires (not the inverter) with an AC voltmeter. If an AC source is present, shut it off.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
Warning Messages
A Warning message is caused by a non-critical fault. When this occurs, the unit will not shut down, but
the ERROR LED (see page 11) will flash to show a condition that requires attention. See the system
display manual for instructions on viewing warnings. One or more messages will display yes. If a message says no, it is not the cause of the warning.
Some warnings can become Errors if left unattended. Frequency and voltage warnings are meant to warn of a problematic AC source. Often the inverter will disconnect from the source. This will occur if the condition lasts longer than the inverter’s transfer delay settings. If the inverter disconnects, the warning will display as long as the source is present, accompanied by a Disconnect message. (See next page.)
Warning screens can only display warnings; they cannot clear them. The way to correct the fault may be obvious from the message.
Table 6 Warning Troubleshooting
Message Definition
acin freq too high
The AC source is above the upper acceptable frequency limit (66 Hz) and prevents connection.
Check the AC source. If it is a generator, reduce its speed.
acin freq too low
The AC source is below the lower acceptable frequency limit (54 Hz) and prevents connection.
Check the AC source. If it is a generator, increase its speed.
acin voltage too high
The AC source is above the upper acceptable voltage limit (132 Vac default setting) and prevents connection.
acin voltage too low
The AC source is below the lower acceptable voltage limit (108 Vac default setting) and prevents connection.
acin input current exceeds max
AC loads are drawing more current from the AC source than allowed by the input setting.
Check the AC source. The inverter’s range is adjustable. However, this will accommodate an AC problem, not fix it.
Check the AC source. Check the AC wiring.
The inverter’s acceptance range is adjustable. However, this will accommodate an AC problem, not fix it.
Check the loads. Oversized loads can trip the input breaker. If they exceed the inverter’s transfer relay size, the relay can be damaged.
Check sensor readings (see below). The numeric values represent electronic counts between 0 and 255.1
temperature sensor fault internal comm error detected
An internal inverter temperature sensor may be malfunctioning. This is indicated by an unusual
airtemp, fettemp, or captemp reading.
Probable failure on inverter’s control board.
Despite the name, this is not an inverter-defined error and is not accompanied by a shutdown.
Unit may require repair. Contact OutBack
Technical Support (see inside front cover of this manual).
internal fan failure detected
The inverter’s internal cooling fan is not operating properly. Lack of cooling may result in derated inverter output wattage.
Turn the battery disconnect off, and then on, to determine if the fan self-tests, then contact OutBack Technical Support for the next step. Meanwhile, run the inverter at reasonable levels or apply external cooling.
airtemp1 fettemp1 captemp1
Displays a code representing the air temperature within the inverter.
Displays a code representing the temperature of the FETs (Field Effect Transistors) and heat sink.
Displays a code representing the temperature of the inverter’s ripple capacitors.
Lower counts stand for higher temperatures, and higher counts mean lower temperatures.
Room temperature is 210 – 220. The internal fan runs at 142, and stops at 164. A count of either 0 or 255 is a defective sensor. Contact
OutBack Technical Support if necessary (see inside front cover of this manual).
1These values are in digital counts, not degrees. The values are used for troubleshooting purposes.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
37
Troubleshooting
Disconnect Messages
Disconnect screens explain the reason that the inverter rejected an AC source. The unit returns to
inverting mode if turned on. The ERROR LED (see page 11) will not illuminate for a Disconnect
message, although it may flash for a concurrent warning following the disconnect. (See previous page.) If the AC source is removed, the warning and the LED will be blank, but the cause of the last disconnect will remain. See the system display manual for instructions on viewing disconnect messages. One or more messages in this menu will display yes. If a message says no, it is not the cause of disconnection.
Disconnect screens only display the reason for the disconnection; they cannot correct it. It is usually the result of external conditions, not an inverter fault. A few settings can be changed to accommodate problems with the AC source.
Disconnect messages are not the same as the Stop Sell Reasons (see next page), although they may be caused by the same circumstance. A grid-interactive unit can stop selling and still remain connected to the utility grid.
Table 7 Disconnect Troubleshooting
Message Definition
acin freq too high
The unit disconnects if the AC source exceeds 66 Hz.
acin freq too low acin voltage > max
The unit disconnects if the AC source drops below 54 Hz.
The unit disconnects if the AC source exceeds 132 Vac (default value).
acin voltage < min
The unit disconnects if the AC source drops below 108 Vac (default value).
Check AC source. If it is a generator, reduce speed.
Check AC source. If it is a generator, increase speed.
Check AC source. The inverter’s acceptance range is adjustable. However, this will accommodate an AC problem, not fix it.
Check AC source. The inverter’s acceptance range is adjustable. However, this will accommodate an AC problem, not fix it.
38
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
Selling or Charging Stopped
This screen displays a code number that identifies the status of the inverter’s charging or selling functions. In the MATE, this screen is titled “Stop Sell Reasons”, even though it also refers to charging.
If the inverter has stopped selling or charging unexpectedly, this screen may help identify the reason.
The code numbers do not usually identify inverter failures. More often they are used by a normally functioning inverter to identify external conditions that are preventing selling or charging. (If nothing has stopped, the code will indicate that as well.) See the system display manual for instructions on viewing these messages.
The acceptable limits for AC source voltage and frequency are displayed on page 46. If the AC source
exceeds these limits, the inverter will stop selling and display the appropriate code. After the source returns to the acceptable range, the system display will begin a 1-minute timer. When the timer expires, the inverter will begin selling power again.
If the AC source is unstable, it may become unacceptable before the timer expires. This may cause the timer to continually reset. It is possible for brief fluctuations to occur that are too fast to be seen on a
DVM. If this happens, the appropriate code will still appear on the system display for a short time to help troubleshoot the problem.
Selling current tends to raise the AC voltage by a few volts. If the utility grid has a higher voltage than nominal, selling may raise the voltage to an unacceptable level. The inverter will compensate for this effect by automatically reducing the amount of current it sells.
Additionally, undersized wires or bad connections can result in local voltage problems. If code 5 is accompanied by voltage changes that do not appear at the main utility connection, check the wiring.
Table 8 Stop Sell (and Charge) Reasons
Code Definition
0 The inverter is selling power to the grid.
1 The inverter is charging batteries.
2
The inverter is designated as Classic Slave, 3p Classic B, or 3p Classic C. It has been commanded to stop charging or selling, usually because the master has gone silent. To find the exact cause, check the “Stop Sell Reason” on the master.
3
4
5
6
7
A 1-minute reconnect timer is in effect for selling. This timer takes effect as soon as the AC source becomes acceptable.
The AC source voltage is below the acceptable limit for selling. Once it is restored, the display will change to code 3 and start the 1-minute timer. This code will also appear if the AC source fails or is completely disconnected.
The AC source voltage is above the acceptable limit for selling. Once it is restored, the display will change to code 3 and start the 1-minute timer.
The AC source frequency is below the acceptable limit for selling. Once it is restored, the display will change to code 3 and start the 1-minute timer.
The AC source frequency is above the acceptable limit for selling. Once it is restored, the display will change to code 3 and start the 1-minute timer.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
39
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Troubleshooting
Table 8 Stop Sell (and Charge) Reasons
The inverter has been commanded to disconnect from the AC source by the user or by a programmed setting. It cannot charge or sell.
The inverter has detected an “island” condition. The AC source frequency is unstable. The inverter cannot sell.
The inverter has lost synchronization with the AC source. This is usually the result of a rapidlychanging frequency. The inverter cannot sell.
The inverter went into an overcurrent condition while attempting to sell. This is usually caused by incorrect wiring, incorrect programming, or an unstable AC source.
The inverter's battery voltage sensor has detected an inappropriate voltage (> 17 or < 2 Vdc in a
12-volt system), and the inverter cannot sell. The inverter may require service.
The AC2 (generator) input has been selected. The battery voltage is above the target set point
(see page 23), but the inverter cannot sell to the AC2 input.
The sell function has been manually turned off. The battery voltage is above the target set point
(see page 23), but the inverter is prevented from selling.
The inverter has been designated as OB Slave L1 or OB Slave L2 and is under direct control of a master inverter on the same phase. (Other slaves, like three-phase, may have other designations in the future.) It will display this code regardless of conditions. To determine its status, check the
“Stop Sell Reason” on the master.
The inverter’s Grid/Generator Support feature is operating (see page 17). It cannot charge or sell
while supporting.
The charger has been turned off. The battery voltage is below the inverter’s target voltage for the current stage of operation (absorption, float, etc.). The charger programming recognizes the need to finish the cycle, but is disabled.
The battery voltage is below all the inverter’s target voltages for charging stages, but has not fallen to the Refloat or Rebulk voltages.
The battery voltage is exactly equal to the inverter’s target voltage for the current stage of operation (absorption, float, sell, etc.). There is no need to charge or sell, so the inverter has gone silent.
40
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
NOTES:
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Troubleshooting
41
42
Troubleshooting
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Specifications
Specifications for Model GFX1312
Table 9 Electrical Specifications (GFX1312)
Specification Value
Nominal DC Input Voltage 12 Vdc
Continuous Output Power at 25 °C
AC Output Voltage
AC Output Frequency
Continuous AC Output Current at 25 °C
1300 VA
120 Vac
60 Hz
10.83 Aac
Efficiency (Typical)
Total Harmonic Distortion (Typical)
Output Voltage Regulation
Maximum Output Current (1 ms peak)
Maximum Output Current (100 ms RMS)
Overload Capability (100 ms surge)
Overload Capability (5 second)
Overload Capability (30 minute)
Idle Consumption - Invert mode, no load
Idle Consumption - Search Mode
90%
2%
± 2%
56 Aac
40 Aac
4600 VA
2900 VA
1800 VA
18 Watts
6 Watts
AC Input Voltage Range (Adjustable)
AC Input Frequency Range
AC Input Current (Maximum)
70 to 140 Vac
54 to 66 hz
60 Aac
Grid-Interactive Voltage Range (Default)
Grid-Interactive Frequency Range (Default)
108 to 132 Vac
58 to 62 Hz
Battery Charger Maximum AC Input 12 Aac
Battery Charger Max Continuous DC Output 70 Adc
DC Input Voltage Range
DC Input Current at Rated Power
Maximum DC Input Current on Surge
Auxiliary Output
10.5 to 17 Vdc
130 Adc
460 Adc
12 Vdc, 0.7 Adc
Table 10 Mechanical Specifications (GFX1312)
Specification Value
Inverter Dimensions (H x W x L)
Shipping Dimensions (H x W x L)
Inverter Weight
Shipping Weight
Accessory Ports
Non-volatile Memory
Neutral-Ground Bond Switching
Turbo Fan
Chassis Type
13” (33 cm) x 8.25” (21 cm) x 16.25” (41 cm)
21.75” (55 cm) x 13” (33 cm) x 22” (56 cm)
49.6 lbs (22.5 kg)
56.4 lbs (25.6 kg)
RJ11 and RJ45
Yes
No
No
Sealed
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
43
Specifications for Model GFX1424
Table 11 Electrical Specifications (GFX1424)
Specification Value
Nominal DC Input Voltage
Continuous Output Power at 25 °C
AC Output Voltage
AC Output Frequency
Continuous AC Output Current at 25 °C
24 Vdc
1400 VA
120 Vac
60 Hz
11.66 Aac
Specifications
Efficiency (typical)
Total Harmonic Distortion (typical)
Output Voltage Regulation
Maximum Output Current (1 ms peak)
Maximum Output Current (100 ms RMS)
Overload Capability (100 ms surge)
Overload Capability (5 second)
92%
2%
± 2%
56 Aac
40 Aac
4600 VA
2900 VA
Overload Capability (30 minute)
Idle Consumption - Invert mode, no load
Idle Consumption - Search Mode
AC Input Voltage Range (Adjustable)
2000 VA
18 Watts
6 Watts
70 to 140 Vac
AC Input Frequency Range
AC Input Current (Maximum)
Grid-Interactive Voltage Range (Default)
Grid-Interactive Frequency Range (Default)
Battery Charger Maximum AC Input
54 to 66 hz
60 Aac
108 to 132 Vac
58 to 62 Hz
12 Aac
Battery Charger Max Continuous DC Output 40 Adc
DC Input Voltage Range 21.0 to 34.0 Vdc
DC Input Current at Rated Power
Maximum DC Input Current on Surge
Auxiliary Output
70 Adc
230 Adc
12 Vdc, 0.7 Adc
Table 12 Mechanical Specifications (GFX1424)
Specification Value
Inverter Dimensions (H x W x L)
Shipping Dimensions (H x W x L)
Inverter Weight
Shipping Weight
Accessory Ports
Non-volatile Memory
Neutral-Ground Bond Switching
Turbo Fan
Chassis Type
13” (33 cm) x 8.25” (21 cm) x 16.25” (41 cm)
21.75” (55 cm) x 13” (33 cm) x 22” (56 cm)
49.6 lbs (22.5 kg)
56.4 lbs (25.6 kg)
RJ11 and RJ45
Yes
No
No
Sealed
44
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Specifications for Model GFX1548
Table 13 Electrical Specifications (GFX1548)
Specification Value
Nominal DC Input Voltage
Continuous Output Power at 25 °C
AC Output Voltage
AC Output Frequency
Continuous AC Output Current at 25 °C
48 Vdc
1500 VA
120 Vac
60 Hz
12.5 Aac
Specifications
Efficiency (Typical)
Total Harmonic Distortion (Typical)
Output Voltage Regulation
Maximum Output Current (1 ms peak)
Maximum Output Current (100 ms RMS)
Overload Capability (100 ms surge)
Overload Capability (5 second)
93%
2%
± 2%
56 Aac
40 Aac
4600 VA
2900 VA
Overload Capability (30 minute)
Idle Consumption - Invert mode, no load
Idle Consumption - Search Mode
AC Input Voltage Range (Adjustable)
2000 VA
18 Watts
6 Watts
70 to 140 Vac
AC Input Frequency Range
AC Input Current (Maximum)
Grid-Interactive Voltage Range (Default)
Grid-Interactive Frequency Range (Default)
Battery Charger Maximum AC Input
54 to 66 hz
60 Aac
108 to 132 Vac
58 to 62 Hz
12 Aac
Battery Charger Max Continuous DC Output 20 Adc
DC Input Voltage Range 42.0 to 68.0 Vdc
DC Input Current at Rated Power
Maximum DC Input Current on Surge
Auxiliary Output
37.5 Adc
115 Adc
12 Vdc, 0.7 Adc
Table 14 Mechanical Specifications (GFX1548)
Specification Value
Inverter Dimensions (H x W x L)
Shipping Dimensions (H x W x L)
Inverter Weight
Shipping Weight
Accessory Ports
Non-volatile Memory
Neutral-Ground Bond Switching
Turbo Fan
Chassis Type
13” (33 cm) x 8.25” (21 cm) x 16.25” (41 cm)
21.75” (55 cm) x 13” (33 cm) x 22” (56 cm)
49.6 lbs (22.5 kg)
56.4 lbs (25.6 kg)
RJ11 and RJ45
Yes
No
No
Sealed
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
45
Specifications
Environmental Specifications
Table 15 Environmental Specifications for All Models
Specification Value
Rated Temperature Range (meets all specifications) 32 °F to 122 °F
(0 °C to 50 °C)
Operational Temperature Range (functions, but does not necessarily meet all specifications) –40 °F to 140 °F
(–40 °C to 60 °C)
Storage Temperature Range –40 °F to 140 °F
(–40 °C to 60 °C)
Grid-Interactive Use
Inverters intended for grid-interactive use must comply with established standards which provide regulation for acceptable output voltage ranges, acceptable output frequency, total harmonic distortion (THD) and anti-islanding performance when the inverter is exporting power to a utility source.
The OutBack grid-interactive models are validated through compliance testing. The following specifications refer to exporting power to a simulated utility source of less than 1% voltage total harmonic distortion (THD).
The THD of the root mean square (RMS) current is less than 5%.
The output of the GFX inverter exceeds the minimum power factor of 0.85 with a typical power factor of
0.96 or better.
All GFX Series inverters are tested to comply with Table 16.
Table 16 Interconnection Response to Voltage and Frequency
Voltage Range
(AC Volts)
V < 60
60 ≤ V < 105.6
105.6 to 132
132 < V < 144
V ≥ 144
IEEE setting
IEEE setting
User setting
User setting
Frequency (Hz)
60
60
60
60
60
> 60.5
< 59.3
> 62
< 58
Allowed Time
(Seconds)
0.16
2.00
No interruption
1.00
0.16
0.16
0.16
1.00
1.00
Measured Time
(Seconds)
0.020
0.155
No interruption
0.157
Instantaneous, but 0.137 seconds to zero current
0.098
0.102
0.605
0.656
The acceptance ranges are selected using the system display. The options are IEEE and USER. The default setting is USER.
The IEEE option allows a range of 105.6 – 132 Vac at 59.3 – 60.5 Hz.
The USER option is not a fixed setting. It follows the ac1/grid lower limit and ac1/grid upper limit settings
as shown on the tables beginning on page 47. The default is a range of 108 – 132 Vac at 58 – 62 Hz.
Reconnection delay is 12 seconds after restoration of acceptable conditions. Sell delay is one minute.
These settings are not adjustable.
46
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Specifications
Default Settings and Ranges
12 Vdc Inverter
Search
Search Sensitivity
Search Pulse Length
Search Pulse Spacing
Input
AC Transfer Control
AC1/Grid Limit
AC2/Gen Limit
Inverter
Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO)
Low Battery Cut-In (LBCI)
Adjust Output Voltage
Charger
Charger Limit
Absorb Voltage
Absorb Time Limit
Float Voltage
Float Time Period
ReFloat Voltage
Equalization Voltage
Equalization Time Period
Grid
AC1/Grid Lower Limit
AC1/Grid Upper Limit
AC1/Grid Transfer Delay
Generator (Gen)
Gen Input Connect Delay
AC2/Gen Lower Limit
AC2/GenUpper Limit
AC2/Gen Transfer Delay
AC2/Gen Support
Auxiliary (AUX)
AUX Output Control
AUX Output Function
GenAlert On Voltage
GenAlert On Delay
GenAlert Off Voltage
GenAlert Off Delay
Load Shed Off Voltage
Vent Fan On Set Point
Vent Fan Off Period
Table 17 12-Volt Inverter Settings
Default Minimum
6
8
60 AC cycles
Grid
50 Aac
50 Aac
10.5 Vdc
12.5 Vdc
120 Vac
11 Aac
14.4 Vdc
1.0 hours
13.6 Vdc
1.0 hours
12.5 Vdc
14.6 Vdc
1.0 hours
132 Vac
6 AC cycles
0.5 min
140 Vac
6 AC cycles
ON
AUTO
Cool Fan
11 Vdc
4 min
14 Vdc
9 min
11 Vdc
13 Vdc
5 min
0
Maximum
50
4 20
4 AC cycles 120 AC cycles
5 Aac
5 Aac
9 Vdc
10 Vdc
110 vac
0 Aac
13 Vdc
0.0 hours
12 Vdc
0.0 hours
12 Vdc
14 Vdc
0.0 hours
Grid or Generator
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
0.2 min
60 Aac
60 Aac
12 Vdc
14 Vdc
130 Vac
12 Aac
16 Vdc
24.0 hours
15 Vdc
24.0 hours
13 Vdc
17 Vdc
24.0 hours
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
15 min
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
ON or OFF
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
ON, OFF, or AUTO
Cool Fan, DivertDC, DivertAC, AC Drop, Vent Fan,
Fault, GenAlert, LoadShed, or Remote
10 Vdc
0 min
12 Vdc
14 Vdc
240 min
18 Vdc
0 min
10 Vdc
10 Vdc
0 min
240 min
14 Vdc
16 Vdc
30 min
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
47
Specifications
Table 17 12-Volt Inverter Settings
12 Vdc Inverter
Diversion On Voltage
Diversion Off Delay
Stacking
Stack Phase
Default
14.6 Vdc
30 sec
Minimum
12 Vdc
0 sec
Maximum
16 Vdc
240 sec
Master Master, Classic Slave, OB Slave L1, 3p Classic B, or 3p Classic C
Power Save Level
Master Adjust Only
Slave Adjust Only
0 0 7
1 1 15
Sell
Sell RE Volts
Grid Tie Window
Grid Tie Authority
13.0 Vdc
User
GridTie
10 Vdc
IEEE or User
GridTie or No Sell
15 Vdc
Calibration (Cal)
Vac Input Adjustment1
236 220 254
Vac Output Adjustment1
Battery Vdc Adjustment2
236 220 254
2 0 4
1These values are in digital counts, not volts. Lower counts stand for higher voltages, and higher counts mean lower voltages. One count equals approximately 1 Vac. The range of adjustment is 15 Vac above nominal, and 17 Vac below nominal.
2
These values are in digital counts, not volts. One count equals 0.1 Vdc. The range of adjustment is 0.2 Vdc above or below nominal.
Table 18 24-Volt Inverter Settings
Default Minimum Maximum 24 Vdc Inverter
Search
Search Sensitivity
Search Pulse Length
Search Pulse Spacing
Input
AC Transfer Control
AC1/Grid Limit
AC2/Gen Limit
Inverter
Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO)
Low Battery Cut-In (LBCI)
Adjust Output Voltage
Charger
Charger Limit
Absorb Voltage
Absorb Time Limit
Float Voltage
Float Time Period
ReFloat Voltage
Equalization Voltage
Equalization Time Period
6
8 4 20
60 AC cycles 4 AC cycles 120 AC cycles
Grid
50 Aac
50 Aac
21 Vdc
25 Vdc
120 Vac
11 Aac
28.8 Vdc
1.0 hours
27.2 Vdc
1.0 hours
25 Vdc
29.2 Vdc
1.0 hours
0 50
5 Aac
5 Aac
Grid or Generator
60 Aac
60 Aac
18 Vdc
20 Vdc
110 vac
0 Aac
26 Vdc
0.0 hours
24 Vdc
0.0 hours
24 Vdc
28 Vdc
0.0 hours
24 Vdc
28 Vdc
130 Vac
12 Aac
32 Vdc
24.0 hours
30 Vdc
24.0 hours
26 Vdc
34 Vdc
24.0 hours
48
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Specifications
Table 18 24-Volt Inverter Settings
24 Vdc Inverter
Grid
AC1/Grid Lower Limit
AC1/Grid Upper Limit
Default Minimum Maximum
AC1/Grid Transfer Delay
Generator (Gen)
Gen Input Connect Delay
AC2/Gen Lower Limit
AC2/GenUpper Limit
AC2/Gen Transfer Delay
AC2/Gen Support
Auxiliary (AUX)
AUX Output Control
AUX Output Function
132 Vac
6 AC cycles
0.5 min
140 Vac
6 AC cycles
ON
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
0.2 min
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
ON or OFF
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
15 min
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
GenAlert On Voltage
GenAlert On Delay
GenAlert Off Voltage
GenAlert Off Delay
Load Shed Off Voltage
Vent Fan On Set Point
Vent Fan Off Period
Diversion On Voltage
Diversion Off Delay
Stacking
Stack Phase
AUTO
Cool Fan
22 Vdc
4 min
28 Vdc
9 min
22 Vdc
26 Vdc
5 min
29.2 Vdc
30 sec
ON, OFF, or AUTO
Cool Fan, DivertDC, DivertAC, AC Drop, Vent Fan,
Fault, GenAlert, LoadShed, or Remote
20 Vdc
0 min
24 Vdc
28 Vdc
240 min
36 Vdc
0 min
20 Vdc
20 Vdc
0 min
24 Vdc
0 sec
240 min
28 Vdc
32 Vdc
30 min
32 Vdc
240 sec
Master Master, Classic Slave, OB Slave L1, 3p Classic B, or 3p Classic C
Power Save Level
Master Adjust Only
Slave Adjust Only
0 0 7
1 1 15
Sell
Sell RE Volts
Grid Tie Window
26 Vdc
IEEE
20
IEEE or User
30
Grid Tie Authority
Calibration (Cal)
Vac Input Adjustment1
GridTie GridTie or No Sell
236 220 254
Vac Output Adjustment1
Battery Vdc Adjustment2
236 220 254
2 0 4
1These values are in digital counts, not volts. Lower counts stand for higher voltages, and higher counts mean lower voltages. One count equals approximately 1 Vac. The range of adjustment is 15 Vac above nominal, and 17 Vac below nominal.
2
These values are in digital counts, not volts. One count equals 0.2 Vdc. The range of adjustment is 0.4 Vdc above or below nominal.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
49
Specifications
48 Vdc Inverter
Search
Search Sensitivity
Search Pulse Length
Search Pulse Spacing
Input
AC Transfer Control
AC1/Grid Limit
AC2/Gen Limit
Inverter
Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO)
Low Battery Cut-In (LBCI)
Adjust Output Voltage
Charger
Charger Limit
Absorb Voltage
Absorb Time Limit
Float Voltage
Float Time Period
ReFloat Voltage
Equalization Voltage
Equalization Time Period
Grid
AC1/Grid Lower Limit
AC1/Grid Upper Limit
AC1/Grid Transfer Delay
Generator (Gen)
Gen Input Connect Delay
AC2/Gen Lower Limit
AC2/GenUpper Limit
AC2/Gen Transfer Delay
AC2/Gen Support
Auxiliary (AUX)
AUX Output Control
AUX Output Function
GenAlert On Voltage
GenAlert On Delay
GenAlert Off Voltage
GenAlert Off Delay
Load Shed Off Voltage
Vent Fan On Set Point
Vent Fan Off Period
Diversion On Voltage
Diversion Off Delay
Table 19 48-Volt Inverter Settings
Default Minimum
6
8 4 20
60 AC cycles 4 AC cycles 120 AC cycles
Grid
50 Aac
50 Aac
42 Vdc
50 Vdc
120 Vac
11 Aac
57.6 Vdc
1.0 hours
54.4 Vdc
1.0 hours
50 Vdc
58.4 Vdc
1.0 hours
132 Vac
6 AC cycles
0.5 min
140 Vac
6 AC cycles
ON
AUTO
Cool Fan
44 Vdc
4 min
56 Vdc
9 min
44 Vdc
52 Vdc
5 min
58.4 Vdc
30 sec
0
36 Vdc
40 Vdc
110 vac
0 Aac
52 Vdc
0.0 hours
48 Vdc
0.0 hours
48 Vdc
56 Vdc
0.0 hours
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
0.2 min
Maximum
50
5 Aac
5 Aac
Grid or Generator
60 Aac
60 Aac
48 Vdc
56 Vdc
130 Vac
12 Aac
64 Vdc
24.0 hours
60 Vdc
24.0 hours
52 Vdc
68 Vdc
24.0 hours
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
15 min
125 Vac
0 AC cycles
ON or OFF
140 Vac
240 AC cycles
ON, OFF, or AUTO
Cool Fan, DivertDC, DivertAC, AC Drop, Vent Fan,
Fault, GenAlert, LoadShed, or Remote
40 Vdc 56 Vdc
0 min
48 Vdc
0 min
40 Vdc
40 Vdc
0 min
48 Vdc
0 sec
240 min
72 Vdc
240 min
56 Vdc
64 Vdc
30 min
64 Vdc
240 sec
50
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Specifications
Table 19 48-Volt Inverter Settings
48 Vdc Inverter
Stacking
Stack Phase
Default Minimum Maximum
Master Master,Classic Slave, OB Slave L1, 3p Classic B, or 3p Classic C
Power Save Level
Master Adjust Only
Slave Adjust Only
0 0 7
1 1 15
Sell
Sell RE Volts
Grid Tie Window
Grid Tie Authority
52 Vdc
User
GridTie
40 Vdc
IEEE or User
GridTie or No Sell
60 vdc
Calibration (Cal)
Vac Input Adjustment1
236 220 254
Vac Output Adjustment1
Battery Vdc Adjustment2
236 220 254
2 0 4
1These values are in digital counts, not volts. Lower counts stand for higher voltages, and higher counts mean lower voltages. One count equals approximately 1 Vac. The range of adjustment is 15 Vac above nominal, and 17 Vac below nominal.
2
These values are in digital counts, not volts. One count equals 0.4 Vdc. The range of adjustment is 0.8 Vdc above or below nominal.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
51
NOTES:
52
Specifications
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Product Registration
The purchase of an OutBack Power Technologies product is an important investment. Registering the products will help us maintain the standard of excellence you expect from us in terms of performance, quality and reliability.
Please take a moment to register and provide us with some important information.
SYSTEM OWNER
Name
Address
City, State, Zip Code
Country
Telephone Number
SYSTEM PURCHASE
Product Model Number
Product Serial Number
Sold by
Purchase Date
Please check ALL factors affecting purchase decision:
Grid-Interactive Capability
Product Reputation
Back-up Capability
Reputation of OutBack Power Technologies
Value
Outdoor Installation Option
Looks
Other
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
53
Product Registration
INSTALLATION INFORMATION
System Install/Commission Date
System Array Size
System Array Nominal Voltage
Type of PV Modules
System Battery Bank Size (Amp-Hours)
Brand and Model of Batteries
Does this system include an auxiliary AC generator?
If yes, please specify brand and model of generator
INSTALLER INFORMATION
Contractor Number
Installer Address
Installer City, State, Zip
Installer E-mail
Extended Warranty
OutBack Power Technologies offers an optional three (3) year extension to the standard two (2) year
Limited Warranty for the GFX Series inverter. To request a 3-year limited warranty extension for a total effective warranty coverage period of five (5) years, please include a payment in the amount of $300
USD per inverter, payable to OutBack Power Technologies, Inc. along with the Warranty Registration.
Please submit within 90 days of the first retail sale of the inverter(s). Please indicate the quantity of each product.
Remove this page from the manual and mail it to the following address. Be sure to keep a copy for your records.
OutBack Power Technologies
Attn: Warranty Registration
19009 62nd Avenue NE
Arlington, WA USA
54
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Warranty
2-Year Limited Warranty for GFX Products
OutBack Power Technologies, Inc. (“OutBack”) provides a two-year (2) limited warranty (“Warranty”) against defects in materials and workmanship for its GFX Series inverter products (“Product”) if installed in fixed location applications.
The term of this Warranty begins on the Product(s) initial purchase date, or the date of receipt of the
Product(s) by the end user, whichever is later. This must be indicated on the invoice, bill of sale, and/or warranty registration card submitted to OutBack. This Warranty applies to the original OutBack
Product purchaser, and is transferable only if the Product remains installed in the original use location.
The warranty does not apply to any Product or Product part that has been modified or damaged by the following:
Installation or Removal;
Alteration or Disassembly;
Normal Wear and Tear;
Accident or Abuse;
Corrosion;
Lightning;
Repair or service provided by an unauthorized repair facility;
Operation or installation contrary to manufacturer product instructions;
Fire, Floods or Acts of God;
Shipping or Transportation;
Incidental or consequential damage caused by other components of the power system;
Any product whose serial number has been altered, defaced or removed;
Any other event not foreseeable by OutBack.
OutBack’s liability for any defective Product, or any Product part, shall be limited to the repair or replacement of the Product, at OutBack’s discretion. OutBack does not warrant or guarantee workmanship performed by any person or firm installing its Products. This Warranty does not cover the costs of installation, removal, shipping (except as described below), or reinstallation of Products or parts of Products.
THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY APPLICABLE TO OUTBACK PRODUCTS.
OUTBACK EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ITS PRODUCTS,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. OUTBACK ALSO EXPRESSLY LIMITS ITS LIABILITY IN THE EVENT OF A PRODUCT
DEFECT TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY
AND EXCLUDES ALL LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING
WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY LIABILITY FOR PRODUCTS NOT BEING AVAILABLE FOR USE OR LOST
REVENUES OR PROFITS, EVEN IF IT IS MADE AWARE OF SUCH POTENTIAL DAMAGES. IF YOU ARE A
CONSUMER THAT PURCHASED THIS PRODUCT IN A MEMBER STATE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, YOU
MAY HAVE ADDITIONAL STATUTORY RIGHTS UNDER DIRECTIVE 1999/44/EC. THESE RIGHTS MAY VARY
FROM EU MEMBER STATE TO EU MEMBER STATE. SOME STATES (OR JURISDICTIONS) MAY NOT ALLOW
THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES OR DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSIONS OR
LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
55
Warranty
How to Arrange for Warranty Service
During the warranty period beginning on the invoice date, OutBack Power Technologies will repair or replace products covered under this limited warranty that are returned to OutBack Power
Technologies’ facility or to an OutBack Power Technologies authorized repair facility, or that are repaired on site by an OutBack Power Technologies authorized repair person.
IMPORTANT:
For full Warranty description, see previous page.
Contacting OutBack
To request warranty service, contact OutBack Technical Support at +1.360.435.6030 or direct at
+1.360.618.4363 or [email protected]. To ensure warranty coverage, this contact must be within the effective warranty period. If service is required, the OutBack Technical Support representative will issue a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number.
Troubleshooting
In the event of a Product failure, the customer will need to work with an OutBack Technical Support representative to perform the necessary troubleshooting. This is a required step before a return can be performed. Troubleshooting requires a qualified technician to be present at the site of the Product, with a quality voltmeter that measures both DC and AC. The OutBack representative will request voltmeter readings, Product error messages, and other information. Many, many problems can be resolved on-site. If the customer is not willing or able to provide these readings (or is not willing or able to visit the site), and the Product is found to have no problems upon return, OutBack may choose to charge additional labor and handling fees up to $180.00 U.S.
Return Material Authorization (RMA)
A request for an RMA number requires all of the following information:
1. Product model and serial number;
2. Proof-of-purchase in the form of a copy of the original Product purchase invoice or receipt confirming the Product model number and serial number;
3. Description of the problem; and
4. Shipping address for the repaired or replacement equipment.
Upon receiving this information, the OutBack representative can issue an RMA number.
56
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Warranty
Returning Product to OutBack
After receiving the RMA number, the customer must pack the Product(s) authorized for return, along with a copy of the original purchase invoice and warranty certificate, in the original Product shipping
container(s) or packaging providing equivalent or reasonable protection. The RMA number must be written on the outside of the packaging where it is clearly visible.
The Product(s) must be shipped back to OutBack Power Technologies in their original or equivalent packaging, to the following address:
OutBack Power Technologies
RMA # ____________________
6115 192nd Street NE
Arlington, WA 98223 USA
The customer must insure the shipment, or accept the risk of loss or damage during shipment. If a shipping box is needed for return of a Product, OutBack will, upon request, send a shipping box.
IMPORTANT:
OutBack is not responsible for shipping damage caused by improperly packaged
Products, the repairs this damage might require, or the costs of these repairs.
If, upon receipt of the Product, OutBack determines the Product or Product part is defective and that the defect is covered under the terms of this Warranty, OutBack will then and only then ship a repaired or replacement Product or Product part to the purchaser freight prepaid, non-expedited, using a carrier of OutBack’s choice, where applicable.
If Product fails in ninety (90) or fewer days from original purchase date, OutBack will replace with a new Product. If Product fails after ninety (90) days and up to expiration of warranty, OutBack will, at its discretion, either repair and return a Product, or ship a replacement Product. OutBack will determine whether a Product is to be repaired or replaced in accordance with Product age and model. OutBack will authorize advance shipment of a replacement based on Product age and model.
In cases where an OutBack dealer or distributor replaces a Product more than ninety (90) days old with a new Product, OutBack will NOT compensate that dealer or distributor with new stock unless the exchange was authorized in advance by OutBack.
Out of Warranty
If Product is out of warranty, OutBack will repair and return Product for a fee. Alternately, if applicable,
OutBack will advance-ship replacement parts for a fee upon request.
If a shipping box is needed for return of out-of-warranty Product, OutBack will send a shipping box upon request. The customer is responsible for paying shipping to OutBack.
The warranty period of any repaired or replacement Product or Product part is ninety (90) days from the date of shipment from OutBack, or the remainder of the initial warranty term, whichever is greater.
This Warranty is void for any Product that has been modified by the customer without authorization by OutBack. A Product with a voided warranty will be treated the same as one with an expired warranty.
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
57
Warranty
58
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
A
Absorption Stage...............................................................19
AC Current Settings ..........................................................15
AC Input................................................................................14
AC Source Acceptance.....................................................15
Adding New Devices ........................................................10
AGS.................................................................................... 2, 29
Audience ................................................................................ 1
Automatic Generator Start.............................................29
AUX Control.........................................................................28
AUX Functions
AC Drop...........................................................................28
Cool Fan ..........................................................................28
DivertAC..........................................................................28
DivertDC .........................................................................28
Fault..................................................................................28
GenAlert...................................................................28, 29
LoadShed........................................................................29
Remote ............................................................................29
Vent Fan ..........................................................................28
Auxiliary Terminals............................................................28
B
Battery Charging................................................................18
Battery Charging Graph ...........................................18, 20
Battery LEDs ........................................................................11
Bulk Stage ............................................................................18
C
Charging
Absorption Stage.........................................................19
Bulk Stage.......................................................................18
Float Stage .....................................................................20
Float Timer .....................................................................20
New Bulk.........................................................................21
None.................................................................................18
Sell.....................................................................................19
Silent .........................................................................19, 20
Classic Series Stacking .....................................................25
Cool Fan................................................................................28
Index
D
Defaults...................................................................47, 48, 50
Definitions.............................................................................. 2
Diversion Control...............................................................28
DVM......................................................................................2, 9
E
Equalization.........................................................................21
F
Factory Default Settings....................................47, 48, 50
Features .................................................................................. 7
Float Stage ...........................................................................20
Functional Test..................................................................... 9
Functions
AC Input Limit ...............................................................14
AC Transfer.....................................................................16
Battery Charging..........................................................18
Inverting..........................................................................13
LBCO.................................................................................13
Search ..............................................................................14
Selling .......................................................................19, 23
Support ...........................................................................17
Functions, Description of................................................13
G
GenAlert.........................................................................28, 29
Generators ................... 15, 16, 17, 29, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38
Grid Use Programming....................................................29
Grid/Generator Support..................................................17
Grid-Interactive ...................................................... 2, 23, 46
H
HBX........................................................................................... 2
High Battery Transfer (HBX) ...........................................29
HUB ........................................................................................24
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
59
I
Input
AC Current Settings.....................................................15
AC Source Acceptance...............................................15
Inverting ...............................................................................13
L
LBCO ................................................................................. 2, 13
LED Indicators.....................................................2, 9, 10, 11
Battery LEDs...................................................................11
Status LEDs.....................................................................12
Levels, Power Save ............................................................27
LoadShed .............................................................................29
M
MATE........................................8, 24, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35
MATE2 ..................................................................................... 8
P
Parallel Stacking.................................................................25
Power Save ..........................................................................27
Powering Down .................................................................10
R
Registration .........................................................................53
Remote System Display.............................................. 8, 24
Remote Temperature Sensor (RTS) ........................ 2, 22
S
Safety ....................................................................................... 1
General .............................................................................. 2
Search....................................................................................14
Selling......................................................................19, 23, 39
Series Stacking....................................................................25
Settings ...................................................................47, 48, 50
Silent ...............................................................................19, 20
Specifications
Electrical............................................................43, 44, 45
Environmental ..............................................................46
Grid-Interactive.............................................................46
Mechanical.......................................................43, 44, 45
Stacking ................................................................................24
Index
Classic Series..................................................................25
Parallel .............................................................................25
Three-Phase...................................................................26
Startup..................................................................................... 9
Status LEDs .............................................................. 9, 10, 12
Support, Grid/Generator.................................................17
Symbols Used ....................................................................... 1
System Display ......... 2, 8, 24, 27, 29, 31, 36, 37, 38, 39
System Display Functions
AGS ...................................................................................29
Grid Use Programming ..............................................29
HBX ...................................................................................29
T
Temperature Compensation .........................................22
Terms and Definitions........................................................ 2
Test ........................................................................................... 9
Three-Phase Stacking.......................................................26
Three-Stage Charging......................................................18
Timers
Absorption ..............................................................19, 21
Equalize...........................................................................21
Float..................................................................................20
Transfer Relay......................................................................16
Troubleshooting .........................................................31, 56
Charging Stopped .......................................................39
Disconnect Messages .................................................38
Error Messages..............................................................36
Selling Stopped ............................................................39
Symptoms and Remedies .........................................31
Warning Messages ......................................................37
U
Utility Grid.......................2, 15, 17, 23, 29, 32, 33, 38, 46
V
Vent Fan Control................................................................28
W
Warranty ...............................................................................55
How to Arrange for Service ......................................56
Registration....................................................................53
RMA ..................................................................................56
Shipping Address.........................................................57
Troubleshooting ..........................................................56
60
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Index
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
61
North America
19009 62nd Avenue NE
Arlington, WA 98223 USA
+1.360.435.6030
900-0114-01-00 Rev A
Europe:
Barcelona, Spain
+34.93.654.9568
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