Agilent 37717C SDH User s Guide

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User’s Guide

PDH/SDH

Operation

HP 37717C

Communications

Performance Analyzer

Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com



Copyright Hewlett-

Packard Ltd.1998

All rights reserved.

Reproduction, adaption, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

HP Part No.

37717-90402

First edition, 03/98

Printed in U.K.

Warranty

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

WARNING

Warning Symbols

Used on the Product

Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.

!

The product is marked with this symbol when the user should refer to the instruction manual in order to protect the apparatus against damage.

Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

The product is marked with this symbol to indicate that hazardous voltages are present

The product is marked with this symbol to indicate that a laser is fitted. The user should refer to the laser safety information in the

Calibration Manual.

Hewlett-Packard Limited

Telecommunications Networks Test Division

South Queensferry

West Lothian, Scotland EH30 9TG


User’s Guide PDH/SDH Operation

HP 37717C Communications

Performance Analyzer


About This Book

This book tells you how to select the features that you want to use for your test.

The selections available are presented in the following groups:

•

Transmit and receive interfaces

•

Test features, for example, the addition of errors and alarms to the test signal

•

Measurements including test timing

•

Storing, logging and printing results with general printer information

•

Using instrument and disk storage

•

Using the “Other” features.

The selections available will depend on the options fitted to your instrument. The examples given in this book cover all options and therefore may include selections which are not available on your instrument.

N OT E

If your instrument includes option 120 an additional User’s

Guide for Sonet operation is provided (part number 37717-

90403). The contents are similar to this manual but with

Sonet terminology used in place of SDH terminology.

iv


Contents

1 Setting the Interfaces

Setting PDH Transmit Interface 2

Setting PDH Transmit Binary Interface 4

Setting SDH Transmit Interface 6

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface 9

Setting Wander Transmit Interface 11

Selecting the Physical Transmit Interface for ATM Payloads 13

Setting SDH THRU Mode 15

Using Autosetup 17

Setting PDH Receive Interface 19

Setting PDH Receive Binary Interface 21

Setting SDH Receive Interface 22

Setting Jitter Receive Interface 24

Selecting the Physical Receive Interface for ATM payloads 26

2 Selecting Test Features

Using Transmit Overhead Setup 28

Using Receive Overhead Monitor 30

Setting Overhead Trace Messages 32

Generating Overhead Sequences 33

Using Receive Overhead Capture 35

Adding Frequency Offset to SDH Signal 37

Adding Frequency Offset to the PDH Signal 39

Setting up Signaling Bits 40

Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or

110) 43

Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal 45

Connecting A Telephone Handset 47 v


Contents

Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s

(N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test Signal 48

Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal 50

Inserting an External PDH Payload/Test Signal 52

Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal 55

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Payload 57

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Timing Distribution 58

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Headers and Interface 59

Adding Errors & Alarms at the SDH Interface 60

Adding Errors & Alarms to the PDH Interface/PDH Payload 61

Using FEAC Codes in the HP 37717C 63

Adding ATM Errors and Alarms 66

Setting PDH Spare Bits 67

Adding Pointer Adjustments 68

G.783 Pointer Sequences Explained 70

Using Pointer Graph Test Function 76

Stressing Optical Clock Recovery Circuits 78

Generating Automatic Protection Switch Messages 79

Inserting & Dropping Data Communications Channel 80

3 Making Measurements

Using Overhead BER Test Function 82

Test Timing 83

Making SDH Analysis Measurements 84

Making PDH Analysis Measurements 85

Measuring Jitter 87

Measuring Wander 89

Measuring Frequency 91 vi


Contents

Measuring Optical Power 92

Measuring Round Trip Delay 93

Monitoring Signaling Bits 95

Measuring Service Disruption Time 97

Performing an SDH Tributary Scan 99

Performing an SDH Alarm Scan 101

Performing a PDH/DSn Alarm Scan 102

Measuring Jitter Tolerance 103

Measuring Jitter Transfer 106

Selecting the ATM Measurement Parameters 111

Making ATM Measurements 113

Measuring Cell Transfer Delay and Cell Delay Variation 114

Measuring ATM Non-Conforming cells and one-point Cell Delay

Variation. 116

Monitoring ATM Alarms 117

4 Storing, Logging and Printing

Saving Graphics Results to Instrument Store 120

Recalling Stored Graph Results 121

Viewing the Bar Graph Display 123

Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries 125

Logging Graph Displays 127

Logging Results 128

Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer 131

Logging Results to HP-IB Printer 132

Logging Results to Internal Printer 133

Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer 134

Printing Results from Disk 135

Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a Parallel Port 136 vii


Contents

Logging Jitter Tolerance Results 137

Logging Jitter Transfer Results 139

Changing Internal Printer Paper 141

Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head 144

5 Using Instrument and Disk Storage

Storing Configurations in Instrument Store 146

Storing Current Configurations on Disk 147

Setting up a Title for Configurations in Instrument Store 148

Recalling Configurations from Instrument Store 149

Formatting a Disk 150

Labeling a Disk 151

Managing Files and Directories on Disk 152

Adding Descriptors to Disk Files 156

Saving Graphics Results to Disk 157

Saving Data Logging to Disk 159

Recalling Configuration from Disk 160

Recalling Graphics Results from Disk 161

Copying Configuration from Instrument Store to Disk 162

Copying Configuration from Disk to Instrument Store 163

Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk 164

Deleting a File on Disk 166

Deleting a Directory on Disk 167

Renaming a File on Disk 168

Creating a Directory on Disk 169 viii


Contents

6 Selecting and Using "Other" Features

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 172

Suspending Test on Signal Loss 173

Setting Time & Date 174

Enabling Keyboard Lock 175

Enabling Beep on Received Error 176

Enabling Analysis Control 177

Setting Error Threshold Indication 178

Dumping Display to Disk 179

Setting Screen Brightness and Color 181

Running Self Test 182

7 AU-3/TUG-3 Background Patterns

8 ETSI/ANSI Terminology

ETSI/ANSI Conversion and Equivalent Terms 192

Index


ix

Contents x


1

1

Setting the Interfaces

This chapter tells you how to set the instrument interfaces to match the network being tested.


Setting the Interfaces

Description

TIP:

Option

Differences

Setting PDH Transmit Interface

PDH transmit interface settings should match network equipment settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload to be tested.

To set the Transmitter and Receiver to the same interface settings choose

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

.

If Option 110 is fitted the following SIGNAL rates and TERMINATION choices apply:

2 Mb/s - Termination 75

34 Mb/s - fixed 75

Ω

UNBAL or 120

Ω

BAL

Ω

UNBAL

DS1 - 100

Ω

BAL; select LINE CODE from AMI or B8ZS, and OUTPUT

LEVEL from DSX-1 or DS1-LO.

DS3 - 75

Ω

UNBAL; LINE CODE fixed B3ZS; select OUTPUT LEVEL from DS3-HI, DSX-3 or DS3-900’.

2


HOW TO:

Setting the Interfaces

Setting PDH Transmit Interface

1

Choose the required PDH SIGNAL rate.

If Option 110 is fitted, rates of 34Mb/s, 2Mb/s, DS1 and DS3 are available. If Option UKJ is fitted rates of 2, 8, 34 and 140 Mb/s are available.

2

If Option UH3, Binary Interfaces is fitted, choose the INTERFACE required. See "Setting PDH Transmit Binary Interface " page 4.

3

Choose the required clock synchronization source (CLOCK SYNC).

If Option UH3, Binary Interfaces is fitted, the clock can be derived from an external binary input.

If Option A3K, Jitter and Wander Generator, is fitted and 2 Mb/s

Signal rate is chosen the clock can be derived from an external 2 Mb/s signal connected to the 2M REF IN port of the Jitter Generator module.

4

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the PDH signal rate, choose the required impedance (TERMINATION). At all other rates the impedance is fixed. See Option Differences on previous page.

5

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or 8 Mb/s as the PDH signal rate, choose the required coding (Line Code). At 34 Mb/s and 140 Mb/s coding is fixed.

See Option Differences.

6

If required choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value.

See “Adding Frequency Offset to SDH Signal” page 37

7

Choose the required Payload Type.

If Structured is chosen the PDH test signal must be set up. See

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or

110)” page 43.

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the PDH signal rate, the Framed choice is expanded to provide a menu of 2 Mb/s framing types.

8

Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS POLARITY.


3


Setting PDH Transmit Binary Interface

Description

.


Option UH3, Binary Interfaces, provides binary NRZ interface for PDH measurements. The interfaces can operate at any of the standard rates

±

100 ppm.

PDH transmit binary interface settings should match the network equipment thresholds and polarity requirements for the binary interfaces

Variable Rate Binary Interface

If your instrument also includes option UKK, variable rate binary interface is available. This allows you to select fixed rates that are different from standard telecom rates, and also to vary frequency over a wide range. Applications include component test, testing satellite and cable networks and testing PDH digital radios. A Product Note is available (part number 5965-4885E) which explains the use of a variable rate binary interface in the testing of PDH digital radios.

4


HOW TO:



1

Set up the PDH transmit Interface as required. See "Setting PDH

Transmit Interface " page 2.

If INTERFACE [BINARY] is chosen on the

PDH MAIN SETTINGS

display, threshold and polarity choices are available for Data and

Clock.

If INTERFACE [CODED] is chosen on the


display, threshold and polarity choices are available for Clock only.

2

Choose the required thresholds.

EXT CLOCK polarity and threshold choices are only available if

CLOCK SYNC [EXT BIN] is chosen on the display.



5


Setting SDH Transmit Interface

Description

TIP:


SDH transmit interface settings should match the network equipment settings of Rate, Wavelength and Mapping, determine the payload to be tested and set background conditions to prevent alarms while testing.

If you wish to set the HP 37717C transmitter and receiver to the same interface settings choose

OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1

Make your choice of SIGNAL rate.

If an optical rate is chosen, choose the required wavelength [1550] or

[1310].

If a BINARY rate is chosen, choose the required clock and data polarity.

If STM-0 is chosen, choose the required interface level.

Choose INTERNAL unless THRU MODE is required. If THRU MODE is chosen, see "Setting SDH THRU Mode " page 15.

2

Make your choice of CLOCK synchronization source. The RECEIVE clock sync choice depends on the SDH Receive Interface choice.

3

If required choose the CLOCK (FREQUENCY) OFFSET value. See

“Adding Frequency Offset to SDH Signal” page 37.

6




4

Choose FOREGROUND

B/G MAPPING

F/G MAPPING

, BACKGROUND

MAPPING and type of payload. DS1 and DS3 are valid payload type choices if Option UKJ, Structured PDH or Option 110

DSn SPDH is fitted.

Mapping may be selected from a pictorial display by moving the cursor to

MAPPING and pressing

SET

.

STM-n

AUG

AU-4-4C

AU-4

VC-4-4C

VC-4

C4-4c BULK

C4 BULK

140 Mb/s x3 x3 TUG-3 TU-3 VC-3

STM-0 x1

AU-3

VC-3 x7 x7

TUG-2 TU-2 x4 x3

TU-12

TU-11

VC-2

VC-12

VC-11

34 Mb/s

DS3

C3 BULK

C2 BULK

2M Async

2M Float

C12 BULK

DS1 Async

Use and to move between AU Layer Selection, TU Layer

Selection and Payload Layer Selection. Use and to set the mapping and

SET

to set your selection.

5

If TU-2 mapping is chosen, TU CONCATENATION selection is enabled, choose OFF or the tributary at which the concatenation begins, TU2-2C through TU2-6C.

The BACKGROUND, PATTERN IN OTHER TU2’s is fixed at

NUMBERED, that is, each TU-2 contains a unique number to allow identification in case of routing problems.

6

If TU-3, TU-2, TU-12 or TU-11 mapping is chosen, choose the test tributary CHANNEL. Including the STM-1 for an STM-4 signal.

7

Choose the payload framing under PAYLOAD TYPE or TU PAYLOAD.

STRUCTURED and INSERT are available if Option UKJ, Structured

PDH or option 110 DSn SPDH is fitted.

If STRUCTURED is chosen, the Payload test signal must be set up.

7


N OT E



See “Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110)” page 43.

If INSERT is chosen, see “Inserting an External PDH Payload/Test

Signal” page 52.

8

Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity.

If your choice matches ITU-T Recommendation O.150, ITU is displayed alongside your choice.

If interfacing at STM-0 with a user word pattern chosen then a false frame synchronization may occur. This is due to the effect of the standard ITU-T G.707

scrambling used at STM-0 when applied to a fixed payload.

The scrambler may produce a false (F628) frame synchronization from the fixed payload. At STM-0 only a single F628 pattern is available for frame synchronization.

If the false pattern is detected by the receiver this will result in frame synchronization being indicated but multiple alarms will occur. If this condition is suspected, change the PATTERN choice to PRBS and check that the multiple alarms are cleared when proper frame synchronization is achieved.

9

If required, choose DS1/2M/34M/DS3/140M OFFSET value. See

“Adding Frequency Offset to SDH Signal” page 37.

10

If 2 Mb/s framing PCM30 or PCM30CRC is chosen, set the CAS ABCD bit value. See "Setting up Signaling Bits " page 40.

11

Choose the mapping required in the background (non-test) TUG-3s.

Refer to Appendix A for a table of background patterns for AU-3 and

TUG-3.

12

If TU-12 mapping is chosen for the test TUG-3, choose the PATTERN

IN OTHER TU-12s (from 2E9-1, 2E15-1 or 1100).

8



Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

Description:


You can add jitter to the transmitted PDH or SDH signal at all ETSI rates. You can source the jitter modulation internally or from an external source.

HOW TO:

1

If you are adding jitter to the PDH signal, set up the PDH transmit interface. See "Setting PDH Transmit Interface " page 2.

If you are adding jitter to the SDH signal, set up the SDH transmit interface. See "Setting SDH Transmit Interface " page 6.

2

Choose JITTER/WANDER [JITTER].

If you wish to add wander to the PDH or SDH signal, see "Setting

Wander Transmit Interface " page 11.

3

Choose JITTER [ON].

If you wish to perform an Jitter Tolerance measurement, choose

TOLERANCE. See “Measuring Jitter Tolerance” page 103.

If you wish to perform a Jitter Transfer measurement choose

TRANSFER FN. See “Measuring Jitter Transfer” page 106.

9


TIP:



4

Choose the modulation source.

If EXTERNAL is chosen, connect the external source to the MOD IN port of the JITTER TX module. Up to 10 UI of external jitter modulation can be added at the MOD IN port.

5

Choose the JITTER MASK setting required.

You can choose the jitter range, jitter modulating frequency and jitter amplitude if OFF is chosen.

If you choose SWEEP, the HP 37717C will "sweep" through the ITU-T jitter mask (G.823 for PDH or G.958 for SDH) adjusting the jitter amplitude according to the jitter frequency.

If you choose SPOT, you can choose the "spot" jitter frequency. The jitter amplitude is adjusted and controlled according to your jitter frequency choice.

If when using the SWEPT MASK capability a problem occurs around a certain frequency, this may require closer examination. Stop the sweep at that point by choosing SPOT. You can then control the "spot" jitter frequency to make closer examination of the problem.

10



Setting Wander Transmit Interface

Description:


You can add Wander to the 2 Mb/s PDH signal and the STM-1 and

STM-4 SDH signal. An external 2 Mb/s clock must be connected to the

2M REF IN port of the Jitter TX module.

HOW TO:

1

Connect an external 2 Mb/s clock to the 2M REF port of the Jitter TX module.

2

If you are adding jitter to the 2 Mb/s PDH signal set up the PDH transmit interface and choose CLOCK SOURCE [EXT JITTER]. See

"Setting PDH Transmit Interface " page 2.

If you are adding jitter to the STM-1 or STM-4 SDH signal set up the

SDH transmit interface and choose an external CLOCK SOURCE. See

"Setting SDH Transmit Interface " page 6.

3

Choose JITTER/WANDER [WANDER].

If you wish to add jitter to the PDH or SDH signal, see "Setting Jitter

Transmit Interface " page 9.

4

Choose WANDER [ON].

11




5

Choose the modulation source.

If EXTERNAL is chosen, connect the external source to the MOD IN port of the JITTER TX module.

Up to 10 UI of external wander modulation can be added at the MOD

IN port.

6

Choose the WANDER MASK setting required.

You can choose the wander modulating frequency and wander amplitude if OFF is chosen.

If you choose SPOT, you can choose the "spot" wander frequency. The wander amplitude is adjusted and controlled according to your wander frequency choice.

12



Selecting the Physical Transmit Interface for ATM Payloads

Description

TIP:

Selecting the Physical Transmit Interface for

ATM Payloads

ATM transmit physical layer settings should match the network equipment settings in the same way as the SDH and PDH transmit interfaces. The Interface selections available are determined by the

PDH/DSn and SDH/SONET modules fitted to your instrument.

Your selections are automatically transferred to the other TRANSMIT displays. Selection of STM-4 OPTICAL signal at the ATM PHYSICAL

LAYER will cause the transmitter output SDH to change to STM-4

OPTICAL.


OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1

Make your choice of SIGNAL rate.

If an optical rate is chosen, choose the required wavelength.

Choose INTERNAL unless THRU MODE is required. Jitter may be introduced into an STM-1, 140Mb/s, 32Mb/s or 2Mb/s signal with ATM payload if THRU MODE is chosen.

2

Make your choice of CLOCK synchronization source. At SDH rates, the RECEIVE clock sync choice is dependent upon the SDH Receive

13


TIP:


Selecting the Physical Transmit Interface for ATM Payloads

Interface choice.

3

If the 2Mb/s rate is selected, select CRC-4 MULTIFRAME

OFF

.

ON

or

4

If the 140Mb/s or 34Mb/s rate is selected, select the TRAIL TRACE message type:

For the standard trail trace message”HP37717C” set TRAIL TRACE to

TEST

.

For a unique 15 character message, set TRAIL TRACE to

USER

If

USER

is selected, use characters.

SET

for a pop-up menu to select the message

14



Setting SDH THRU Mode

Description


THRU mode is used to non-intrusively monitor SDH lines where no protected monitor points are available.

Since THRU mode locks most user settings, you must set AU, rate, mapping and payload before selecting THRU mode.

STM-0, STM-1

You can substitute a new payload, Section overhead (SOH) and Path overhead (POH) in the received STM-0/1 signal for testing.


15



STM-4

With option 130 or 131, the overhead and payload may be overwritten for

AU-4 and AU3. SOH overwrite is available for AU-4-4C.

The Transmitter and receiver settings are automatically coupled in

THRU MODE. To select AU-4, AU3 or AU-4-4C set the receiver mapping, see "Setting SDH Receive Interface " page 22

HOW TO: 1

Make the PAYLOAD OVERWRITE choice required.

If AU-4, AU-3, TU-3, TU-2 or TU-12 is chosen, the B1, B2 and B3 BIPs are recalculated before transmission and the Mapping, Selected TU,

TU Payload, Pattern, Tributary Offset and Pattern in other TU’s settings are displayed. To choose the settings in these, see "Setting

SDH Transmit Interface " page 6, steps 4 through 10.

2

Make the SOH+POH OVERWRITE choice required.

You can only modify those overhead bytes available under

SDH TEST FUNCTION SDH

:

TRANSMIT

Errors & Alarms, Sequences,

Overhead BER, MSP Messages, DCC Insert and Stress Test.

The B1, B2 and B3 BIPs are recalculated before transmission.

16



Using Autosetup

Description

Using Autosetup

The Autosetup function allows you to speed up the configuration of the instrument when making PDH or SDH measurements.

Autosetup will search the interface chosen on the

RECEIVE

display and attempt to configure the instrument to match the received signal.

Autosetup will detect ATM or any of the PRBS patterns the transmitter can generate. ATM is considered to be a payload of PDH or SDH.

Both MONITOR and TERMINATE modes are tried in the search for a received signal.

HOW TO:

1

Connect the HP 37717C to the network and select the required

RECEIVE

interface on the HP 37717C.

2

Press

The

AUTO SETUP

.

OTHER

display will show an Autosetup HELP page.

SDH Input

If an STM-4 interface is chosen, the search will start on the STM-1 selected for test. All SDH line rates are searched for an electrical, optical or binary signal.

If a signal is found, a search of payloads will start.

17


TIP:

N OT E


Using Autosetup

The payload search starts with VC-4-4C in STM-4 and continues with

ATM, TU-3 (AU-4), VC-3 (AU-3), TU-2 (AU-3/AU-4), VC-4 (AU-4), TU-12

(AU-3/AU-4), TU-11 (AU-3/AU-4).

For each payload a search is made to find a framing pattern. If a framing pattern is found, a search for PRBS patterns is made.

If it is known that the signal of interest is in a particular STM-1 e.g.

number 3, then the Autosetup search can be speeded up by setting the

RECEIVE

display MAPPING [FOREGROUND] to STM-1 [3]. The search for a signal will then start in STM-1 number 3.

PDH Input

In PDH there are three framing possibilities for 140 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s, 8 Mb/ s and 2 Mb/s, (34Mb/s, DS3, 2M and DS1 for option 110) namely

Unframed, Framed and Structured.

Structured is not covered by Autosetup because searching through a

PDH framing structure would take an unacceptable amount of time.

All line rates are searched for a signal. If a signal is found, a search for framing pattern is made. All possible framing structures are searched, except for Structured.

If a framing pattern is found, a search for PRBS pattern is made.

18



Setting PDH Receive Interface

Description

TIP:


PDH Receive interface settings should match the network equipment settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload to be tested.


OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1

Choose the required SIGNAL source.

2

If Binary Interfaces, Option UH3, is fitted, choose the INTERFACE required. See "Setting PDH Receive Binary Interface " page 21.

3

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the PDH signal rate, choose the required impedance (TERMINATION). At all other rates the impedance is fixed.

4

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, 8 Mb/s or DS1 (option 110) as the PDH signal rate, choose the required LINE CODE. At 140 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s and DS3 coding is fixed.

5

If you are measuring at the network equipment monitor point set the

LEVEL field to MONITOR.

19




6

The received signal will be 20 to 26 dB below the normal level. To return the received signal to normal, choose the required GAIN level.

The received signal may also require EQUALIZATION to compensate for cable losses.

7

Choose the required Payload Type.

If Structured is chosen, the PDH test signal must be set up. See

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or

110)” page 43.

If you choose 2 Mb/s as the PDH signal rate, the Framed choice is expanded to provide a menu of 2 Mb/s framing types.

8

Choose the required PATTERN.

9

Choose the required PRBS POLARITY.

If your PRBS Polarity choice matches ITU-T Recommendation O.150,

ITU is displayed alongside your choice.

20



Setting PDH Receive Binary Interface

Description

Setting PDH Receive Binary Interface

PDH Receive binary interface settings should match the network equipment threshold and polarity requirements for the binary interfaces.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the PDH receive interface required. See "Setting PDH Receive

Interface " page 19.

If INTERFACE [CODED] is chosen, binary interfaces are not available.

2

If INTERFACE [BINARY] is chosen, then choose the required

THRESHOLDS and POLARITY for Clock and Data.


21


Setting SDH Receive Interface

Description

TIP:


SDH Receive interface settings should match the network equipment settings of Rate and Mapping, and determine the payload to be tested.

If you wish to set the HP 37717C transmitter and receiver to the same interface settings, choose

OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1


If a BINARY rate is chosen, choose the required clock and data polarity.

2

Choose mapping and type of payload.

Note: If option UKJ is fitted then DS1 and DS3 payloads are unstructured. Option 110 offers fully structured DS1 and DS3 payloads.

3

If TU-2 mapping is chosen, and CONCATENATION is enabled, choose the tributary at which the concatenation begins.

If TU-3, TU-12 or TU11 mapping is chosen, choose the test tributary under CHANNEL.

4

Choose the payload framing under PAYLOAD TYPE or TU PAYLOAD.

If STRUCTURED is chosen the Payload test signal must be set up. See

“Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 45.

22


N OT E



If DROP is chosen, see “Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal” page 55.

5



If interfacing at STM-0 with a user word pattern chosen, then a false frame synchronization may occur. This is due to the effect of the standard

ITU-T G.707 scrambling used at STM-0 when applied to a fixed payload.

The scrambler may produce a false (F628) frame synchronization from the fixed payload. At STM-0 only a single F628 pattern is available for frame synchronization.

If the false pattern is detected by the receiver this will result in frame synchronization being indicated but multiple alarms will occur. If this condition is suspected, change the PATTERN choice to PRBS and check that the multiple alarms are cleared when proper frame synchronization is achieved.


23


Setting Jitter Receive Interface

Description:


PDH Jitter and PDH error measurements are made simultaneously when a PDH jitter measurement option is fitted. The measurements are made on the normal input to the PDH receiver and the interface selections are the normal PDH Receiver selections. The jitter receive interface is selected with

RECEIVE

PDH

JITTER.

SDH Jitter and SDH error measurements are isolated individual measurements. The SDH jitter measurement is made on an SDH input to the Jitter module and there is a specific receive interface displayed with

RECEIVE

SDH JITTER

.

The choices made on the jitter receive interface determine the jitter measurement range, the threshold level for determining a jitter hit and which filters are used in the jitter measurement.

HOW TO:

1

Choose the RECEIVER RANGE - the jitter measurement range.

2

Choose the HIT THRESHOLD level - if the received jitter exceeds the value chosen a jitter hit is recorded.

3

Choose the FILTER you wish to include in the peak to peak and RMS jitter measurement.

24




4

If Option A3L, A3V or A3N, Jitter Receiver, is fitted, an ADDITIONAL

RMS FILTER choice is provided. You may possibly require different filters to be connected for peak to peak and RMS measurements. The additional RMS filter choice allows you the choice of a 12 kHz (high pass) HP filter for RMS measurement only. If 12 kHz HP is chosen under FILTER, the additional RMS filter choice is not available.


25


Selecting the Physical Receive Interface for ATM payloads

Description

TIP:

Selecting the Physical Receive Interface for

ATM payloads

ATM receive physical layer settings should match the network equipment settings in the same way as the SDH and PDH receive interfaces. The Interface selections available are determined by the

PDH/DSn and SDH/SONET modules fitted to your instrument.

Your selections are automatically transferred to the other RECEIVE displays. For example selection of STM-4 OPTICAL signal at the ATM

PHYSICAL LAYER will cause the receiver output SDH to change to

STM-4 OPTICAL.


OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1


2

For a 2Mb/s rate, select the TERMINATION and LINE CODE.

3

For a 2, 34 or 140Mb/s rate, select the TERMINATION.

4

For a 2Mb/s rate, select the CRC-4 MULTIFRAME.

5

For an STM-4 rate select the STM-1 UNDER TEST.

26


2

2

Selecting Test Features


Selecting Test Features

Description

Using Transmit Overhead Setup

You can set an overhead byte to a known static state to aid in troubleshooting, for example, to quickly check for "stuck bits" in path overhead bytes. Section Overhead, Path Overhead and Trace Messages can be set using this feature.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the SDH transmit interface and payload required. See

“Description” page 6.

2

Choose the type of overhead to SETUP.

If STM-4 is chosen as the SDH interface, choose the STM-1 you wish to set up.

If TRACE MESSAGES is chosen, see "Setting Overhead Trace

Messages " page 32.

DEFAULT - Use to set all overhead bytes to the standard values defined by ITU-T. If a test function is active then the overhead byte value is determined by the choices made in the Test Function. For example if APS Messages is chosen, the K1K2 value is determined by

28


N OT E

TIP:

Selecting Test Features

Using Transmit Overhead Setup

the APS Messages setup.

3

If SOH (Section Overhead) is chosen, choose the columns (COLUMN) to be displayed. Many bytes in COLS 2,5,8 and 3,6,9 are unlabeled as the other overhead functions have not yet been defined.

If ALL COLUMNS is chosen, the hexadecimal value of all 81 bytes of the STM-1 section overhead selected are displayed (all 324 bytes of an

STM-4 are displayed by selecting the 4 STM-1s). The values of the bytes can be set using

DECREASE DIGIT INCREASE DIGIT

.

If BYTE NAMES is chosen, the labels for the ALL COLUMNS overhead bytes are displayed.

4

If POH (Path Overhead) is chosen, choose the TYPE of overhead within STM-1 under test to be setup.

J1 and J2 bytes can be set under Path Overhead or Trace Messages.

H4 byte has a choice of sequences for TU-12, TU11 and TU-2 mapping:

Full Sequence - 48 byte binary sequence.

Reduced Sequence - Binary count sequence of 0 to 3 i.e. 111111(00 to 11).

COC1 Sequence - Binary count sequence of 0 to 3 i.e. 110000(00 to

11).

Any bit of an overhead byte which is displayed as x or s cannot be set at any time. All other bits can be set to 0 or 1.

You can set all overhead bytes to the default state by selecting SETUP

DEFAULT

.

You can set all overhead bytes and test functions to the default state by recalling Stored Settings [0] on the

OTHER

display.


29


Using Receive Overhead Monitor

Description


When first connecting to a SDH network, a start up confidence check can be made by viewing the behavior of all the overhead bytes. If the SDH network shows alarm indications, some diagnosis of the problem may be gained from viewing all the overhead bytes.The OVERHEAD MONITOR display is updated once per second (once per 8000 frames) approximately.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the receive SDH interface and payload as required. See “Setting

SDH Receive Interface” page 22.

2

Choose the type of overhead to MONITOR.

If TRACE MESSAGES is chosen, you can monitor a data message to verify portions of the network.

If the 16 byte CRC7 message structure is detected, the 15 characters within the message are displayed.

If the CRC7 structure is not detected in J1, the 64 byte message format is assumed and displayed. If the CRC7 structure is not detected for J0 or J2, all 16 bytes are displayed.

3

If SOH (Section Overhead) is chosen, choose the columns (COLUMN) to be displayed.

Many bytes in COLS 2,5,8 and 3,6,9 are unlabeled because the other overhead functions have not yet been defined.

30


TIP:



If ALL COLUMNS is chosen, the hexadecimal value of all 81 bytes of section overhead is displayed and can be set using

INCREASE DIGIT

.

DECREASE DIGIT

If BYTE NAMES is chosen, the labels for the ALL COLUMNS overhead bytes is displayed.

4

If POH (Path Overhead) is chosen, choose the source of the overhead

VC-4, VC-3, VC-2, VC-12 or VC-11.

J1 and J2 bytes can be monitored under Path Overhead or Trace

Messages

5

If APS MESSAGES is chosen, choose the TOPOLOGY,

(G.783) or

RING

LINEAR

(G.841). The K1 and K2 bits are monitored.

6

If LABELS is chosen, the S1 sync status and HP path label (C2) are monitored.

If any abnormal behavior is observed on a particular path or section overhead byte, or an associated group of bytes (3XA1,3XA2; D1 - D3), the

RECEIVE

TEST FUNCTION

display of

OVERHEAD CAPTURE

can be used to "Zoom" in on the suspect byte or bytes on a frame by frame basis.

See "Using Receive Overhead Capture " page 35.


31


Setting Overhead Trace Messages

Description

Setting Overhead Trace Messages

You can insert a data message to verify portions of the network:

J0 verifies the regenerator section overhead.

J1 verifies the VC-3 or VC-4 path connection.

J2 verifies the VC-2, VC-12 or VC-11 path connection.

32



Generating Overhead Sequences

Description


You may insert a pattern into a functional group of overhead bytes for testing or troubleshooting purposes.

HOW TO:

1



2

Choose the type of sequence required.

SINGLE RUN - runs the sequence once and then stops.

REPEAT RUN - runs the sequence repeatedly until STOPPED is chosen.

3

Choose the overhead type as required.

RSOH- Regenerator Section Overhead

MSOH- Multiplexer Section Overhead

POH - Path Overhead

4

Choose the byte or bytes of overhead required.

5

Set up the required number of data patterns and the number of frames in which each data pattern should appear.

Your sequence is derived from up to 5 blocks of hexadecimal data. Each block can be transmitted in up to 64,000 frames.

33


N OT E



The data and the number of frames are set using

INCREASE DIGIT

.

DECREASE DIGIT

6

Start the sequence by choosing [STARTED].

When you start the sequence illustrated, one Out of Frame alarm and one

Loss of Frame alarm should occur every eight seconds.

34



Using Receive Overhead Capture

Description


Regenerator section, Multiplexer section and Path overhead provide network support functions, responding dynamically to network conditions and needs. It is therefore useful to capture overhead activity on a frame by frame basis.

HOW TO:

1



2

Choose the overhead type as required.

RSOH- Regenerator Section Overhead

MSOH- Multiplexer Section Overhead

POH- Path Overhead

3

Choose the Byte or bytes of overhead to be captured.

Choose the TRIGGER to determine the start point of the capture.

OFF

starts immediately the capture is initiated. Can be used to provide a

frame by frame monitor of the chosen byte or bytes.

ON

-captures activity after your specified overhead state has occurred.

Can be used for transient detection from a specified expected state.

ON NOT

- captures activity after the first occurrence of a deviation from your specified overhead state. Can be used for transient detection from a specified expected state.

35




4

Up to 16 records of overhead state are provided. Each record will represent between 1 and 64,000 frames. A capture is started by pressing CAPTURE

STARTED

and terminates when up to 16 records have been captured. The capture can be terminated earlier by pressing

CAPTURE

STOPPED

.

36



Adding Frequency Offset to SDH Signal

Description


Frequency offset can be added to the SDH interface rate signal and to the payload signal.

HOW TO:

SDH Line Rate Offset

Choose the amount of frequency offset required.

You can set the Frequency Offset in the range -999 ppm to +999 ppm in 1 ppm steps using


and

.

The amount of applied Frequency Offset can be varied while measurements are taking place.

If the value of the SDH line rate offset chosen is sufficient to cause the maximum stuff rate to be exceeded, the asynchronous payload is offset to prevent bit errors occurring and the maximum stuff rate is maintained.

When Floating Byte 2 Mb/s is chosen, in conjunction with SDH line rate offset, the chosen tributary will be offset as the line rate is offset. (No pointer movements).

Tributary Offset

±

100 ppm

Choose the amount of tributary offset required.

You can set the Offset in the range -100 ppm to +100 ppm in 1 ppm steps using


and

.

37





Tributary offset affects the stuff rate but does not cause pointer movements and can be used to test mapping jitter. If the combined value of SDH line rate offset and tributary offset chosen is sufficient to cause the maximum stuff rate to be exceeded the payload is offset to prevent bit errors occurring and the maximum stuff rate is maintained.

38



Adding Frequency Offset to the PDH Signal

Description

Adding Frequency Offset to the PDH

Signal

You can add Frequency Offset to the interface PDH signal at all rates.

Frequency Offset can be added at preset ITU values or as User defined values in the range

±

100 ppm.

The preset value changes according to the PDH signal rate chosen.:

2 Mb/s -

8 Mb/s -

34 Mb/s -

±

50 ppm

±

30 ppm

140 Mb/s -

±

20 ppm

±

15 ppm

For Option 110 instruments 34 Mb/s, 2Mb/s and DS1 32 ppm and DS3 20 ppm are available.

HOW TO:

Choose the amount of frequency offset required.

If USER OFFSET is chosen you can set the Frequency Offset in the range -100 ppm to +100 ppm in 1 ppm steps using

INCREASE DIGIT

and

.

DECREASE DIGIT


39



Setting up Signaling Bits


Description

The HP 37717C receiver can be used to monitor the state of signaling bits in received 2 Mb/s signals with timeslot-16 CAS (PCM30 or

PCM30CRC) multiframing, structured or unstructured, and also in DS1 framed and structured signals (Option 110 instruments).

The HP 37717C transmitter can be configured to generate these signals and the state of the signaling bits defined by the user, as follows:

2.048 Mb/s Signal When transmitting 2.048 Mb/s signals with timeslot-16 CAS (PCM30 or

PCM30CRC) multiframing the state of A,B,C,D signaling bits can be set.

The signaling bits of all timeslots are set to the user-defined 4 bit value.

DS1 Signal

(Option 110)

When transmitting a DS1 framed, structured signal the values of the

A,B signaling bits for D4 and SLC-96 payloads, and A,B,C,D signaling bits for ESF payloads can be defined. Signaling is not offered for a

64 kb/s or Nx64 kb/s Test Signal.

HOW TO

Transmit a 2 Mb/s signal with user-defined signaling bits

PDH Operation

When transmitting a 2.048 Mb/s signal, (or a 2.048 Mb/s signal as part of a higher rate structured signal, i.e. 140 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s or 8 Mb/s) the

A,B,C,D signaling bits can be set.

1

On the HP 37717C press

TRANSMIT

and select a PDH interface.

2

On the MAIN SETTINGS page select a 2 Mb/s SIGNAL and set the

PAYLOAD TYPE to PCM30 or PCM30CRC (structured or unstructured).

3

Set the 2M CAS ABCD bits as required. If you select an unstructured payload the signaling bits are set up on the MAIN SETTINGS page; if structured is selected they are set up on the STRUCT’D SETTINGS page.

4

Press

RECEIVE

and set up the HP 37717C receiver interface to match the signal being output from the HP 37717C transmitter.

40


HOW TO



SDH Operation

1


TRANSMIT

and select an SDH interface.

2

On the MAIN SETTINGS page set MAPPING to ASYNC 2 Mb/s or FL

BYTE 2 Mb/s and set the TU PAYLOAD to PCM30 or PCM30CRC

(structured or unstructured).

3

Set the CAS ABCD bits as required. If you select an unstructured payload the signaling bits are set up on the MAIN SETTINGS page; if structured is selected they are set up on the STRUCT’D PAYLOAD page.

4

Press

RECEIVE

and setup the HP 37717C receiver interface to match the signal being output from the HP 37717C transmitter.

Transmit a DS1 signal with user-defined signaling bits

(option 110 instruments)

PDH Operation

When transmitting a DS1 framed, structured signal or a DS3 signal structured down to DS1, the values of A,B signaling bits for D4 and SLC-

96 payloads, and the A,B,C,D signaling bits for ESF payloads can be set.

1


TRANSMIT

and select a PDH interface.

2

On the MAIN SETTINGS page select a DS1 SIGNAL and set the

PAYLOAD TYPE to D4, ESF or SLC-96 and STRUCTURED.

3

On the STRUCT’D SETTINGS page set the TEST SIGNAL to 56 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s

4

Set the A,B bits (for D4 and SLC-96) and A,B,C,D bits (for ESF) as required. Press

RECEIVE


SDH Operation

1


TRANSMIT

and select an SDH interface.

2

On the MAIN SETTINGS page set MAPPING to ASYNC DS1 and set the TU PAYLOAD to D4, ESF or SLC-96 and STRUCTURED.

41




3

On the STRUCT’D PAYLOAD page set the TEST SIGNAL to 56 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s

4

Set the A,B bits (for D4 and SLC-96) and A,B,C,D bits (for ESF) as required. Press

RECEIVE


42



Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110)

Description

TIP:

Setting Transmit Structured Payload/

Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110)

Structured PDH Payload/Test Signal settings determine the SDH payload or the PDH test signal to be tested and set any background (non test) conditions to prevent alarms while testing. Fully structured DS1 or

DS3 payloads are only available if Option 110 is fitted.

If you wish to set the HP 37717C transmitter and receiver to the same

Payload settings, choose

OTHER


.

HOW TO:

1

Choose the required Test Signal rate. If N x 64 kb/s (or NX 56 kb/s

Option 110) is chosen, see "Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s)

Structured Payload/Test Signal " page 48.

2

Choose the Framing pattern of the PAYLOAD.

If 2 Mb/s (or DS1 Option 110 instruments) TEST SIGNAL is chosen,

INSERT 2 Mb/s (or INSERT DS1) is added to the menu. See

"Inserting an External PDH Payload/Test Signal " page 52

3

Choose the test tributary within the structured payload under 34Mb,

8Mb, 2Mb, 64 kb/s (DS2, DS1, 56kb/s for Option 110 instruments).

43



Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110)

4

If 64 kb/s TEST SIGNAL is chosen, HANDSET is available (this is only available for option UKJ;, and is not present in option 110 instruments). See "Connecting A Telephone Handset " page 47.

5



6

Choose the mapping required in the background (non-test) tributaries.

If 64 kb/s or N x 64 kb/s (or 56 kb/s or Nx 56 kb/s for option 110 instruments) TEST SIGNAL is chosen, the B/G PATTERN in the non test timeslots is fixed as NUMBERED, that is, each timeslot contains a unique number to allow identification in case of routing problems.

Signaling

7

If a 2 Mb/s PAYLOAD is transmitted with timeslot-16 CAS multiframing (PCM30 or PCM30CRC selected), set the CAS, ABCD bit value. If a DS1 PAYLOAD is transmitted, signaling is only offered with

56 kb/s or nx56 kb/s Test Signals.

Select the values of AB signaling for SF and SLC-96 formats and

ABCD signaling for ESF. In SLC-96 mode choices are 0,1 or alternating. In D4 mode AB choices are 0,1. See "Setting up Signaling

Bits " page 40.

44



Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal

Description

TIP:

Setting Receive Structured Payload/

Test Signal

Structured PDH Payload/Test Signal settings determine the SDH payload or the PDH test signal to be tested. Structured payloads are only available if Option UKJ structured PDH or option 110, DS1, DS3, E1, E3 structured PDH is fitted.

If you wish to set the HP 37717C transmitter and receiver to the same

Payload settings, choose

OTHER

STORED SETTINGS COUPLED

.

Option

Differences

If Option 110 is fitted a 2M or DS1 PAYLOAD is available depending on the SIGNAL selection on the Receiver MAIN SETTINGS page.

1

Choose the required Test Signal rate. If N x 64 kb/s (or Nx56 kb/s

Option 110) is chosen, see "Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s)

Structured Payload/Test Signal " page 50.

2

Choose the Framing pattern of the PAYLOAD.

If 2 Mb/s TEST SIGNAL is chosen, DROP 2 Mb/s is added to the menu.

If DS1 TEST SIGNAL (Option 110) is chosen, DROP DS1 is added to the menu.

See "Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal " page 55.

3

Choose the test tributary within the structured payload under 34Mb,

8Mb, 2Mb, 64 kb (DS2, DS1, 56 kb/s for Option 110 instrument).

45



Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal

4

If 64 kb/s TEST SIGNAL is chosen, the HANDSET facility is available

(option UKJ only). See "Connecting A Telephone Handset " page 47.

5


If your choice matches ITU-T Recommendation O.150, ITU is displayed beside your choice.

46



Connecting A Telephone Handset

Description:

Connecting A Telephone Handset

You can connect a telephone handset to a 64 kb/s voice channel for communication (TALK & LISTEN) or testing (LISTEN ONLY) purposes.

You can only connect a telephone handset if Option UKJ, Structured

PDH, is fitted.

HOW TO:

1

Connect the telephone handset to the HANDSET port of the

Structured PDH module, Option UKJ.

2

Choose the voice channel (timeslot) under 34Mb, 8Mb, 2Mb, 64kb or 8Mb, 2Mb, 64kb or 2M, 64kb.

3

Choose the HANDSET mode required.

TALK & LISTEN allows you to communicate with a handset at the other end of the network.

LISTEN ONLY allows you to listen to the traffic on the voice channel.

4

For B/G PATTERN and CAS ABCD BITS, see "Setting Transmit

Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110) " page 43.

47



Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal

Description

Option

Differences

Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s

(N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal

Wideband services such as high speed data links and LAN interconnection require a bandwidth greater than 64 kb/s but less than 2

Mb/s for example 128 kb/s or 384 kb/s. These wideband signals are sent in a 2 Mb/s frame by sharing the signal between multiple timeslots.

N x 64kb/s structured payload allows a test pattern to be inserted across a number of Timeslots even if the chosen Timeslots are non-contiguous.

Structured payloads are only available if Option UKJ, Structured PDH, or option 110, DS1, DS3, E1, E3 structured PDH is fitted.

Option 110 provides a choice of Nx64 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s Test Signals with a DS1 payload. The Nx56 kb/s selection is similar to Nx64 kb/s except that the last bit in each timeslot is set to 1.

HOW TO:

1

Choose the required Test Signal rate.

2

Choose the Framing pattern of the 2M or DS1 (option 110) PAYLOAD.

3

Choose the test timeslots within the structured payload using

DESELECT ALL DESELECT SELECT

and softkeys. As each timeslot is chosen a * marks the chosen timeslot. In the example shown Timeslots 3, 5, 9, 25, 26, 27 are chosen for test.

48



Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal

4



5

The B/G PATTERN in the non-test timeslots is fixed as NUMBERED, that is, each timeslot contains a unique number to allow identification in case of routing problems.

6

If 2 Mb/s framing PCM30 or PCM30CRC is chosen, set the CAS ABCD bit value.

Signaling with a DS1 Payload Selected

7

If a DS1 PAYLOAD is transmitted signaling is only offered when a

56kb/s or Nx56kb/s TEST SIGNAL is selected.

Select the values of DS1 D4 or DS1 SLC-96 AB BITS or DS1 ESF

ABCD BITS as required. See "Setting up Signaling Bits " page 40.


49


Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal

Description

Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s)

Structured Payload/Test Signal

Wideband services such as high speed data links and LAN interconnection require a bandwidth greater than 64 kb/s but less than 2

Mb/s e.g. 128 kb/s or 384 kb/s. These wideband signals are sent in a 2

Mb/s frame by sharing the signal between multiple timeslots.

N x 64kb/s structured payload/test signal allows the test Timeslots to be chosen for error measurement even when the Timeslots are non contiguous.

Structured payloads are only available if Option UKJ, Structured PDH, or option 110 DS1, DS3, E1, E3 structured PDH is fitted.

Option

Differences

HOW TO:

Option 110 provides a choice of Nx64 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s Test Signals with a DS1 payload. The Nx56 kb/s selection is similar to Nx64 kb/s except that the last bit in each timeslot is set to 1.

1

Choose the required Test Signal rate.

2

Choose the Framing pattern of the 2M PAYLOAD or (DS1 PAYLOAD

Option 110 instrument).

50



Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s (N x 56 kb/s) Structured Payload/Test

Signal

3

Choose the test timeslots within the structured payload using

DESELECT ALL DESELECT SELECT

and softkeys. As each timeslot is chosen a * marks the chosen timeslot. In the example shown Timeslots 3, 5, 9, 25, 26, 27 are chosen for test.

4

Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity. If your choice matches

ITU-T Rec. O.150, ITU is displayed alongside your choice.


51


Inserting an External PDH Payload/Test Signal

Description

Option

Differenc

es

Inserting an External PDH Payload/

Test Signal

.

You can insert a PDH signal from external equipment into the SDH signal as the test payload or insert 2 Mb/s or DS1 (option110 instruments) into the structured PDH signal.

You can only insert an external payload if Option UKJ, Structured PDH, or Option 110, DS1, DS3, E1, E3 structured PDH is fitted.

140 Mb/s or 34 Mb/s (for option UKJ) and DS3 or 34 Mb/s (for option 110) can only be inserted if SDH is chosen as the interface level and the payload is not structured.

2 Mb/s or DS1 can be inserted into a non-structured or structured SDH payload and into a structured PDH signal

Option UKJ you can insert 140 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s and 2 Mb/s payloads.

Option 110 you can insert 34 Mb/s, 2 Mb/s, DS3, and DS1 payloads

HOW TO:

Insert 34 Mb/s, DS3 & 140 Mb/s (SDH Only)

1

Connect the external payload to the 75

Ω

IN port of the PDH receive module.

52




2

Set up the required transmit SDH interface, and choose INSERT

34Mb/s, 140Mb/s or DS3 as required on the

SDH MAIN SETTINGS

display. See “Description” page 6.

Insert 2 Mb/s/DS1 (Unstructured SDH Payload)

1

Connect the external payload to the MUX port of the PDH Transmit module.

2

Set up the required transmit SDH interface, and choose INSERT

2Mb/s (select TU12 mapping), or INSERT DS1 (option 110 - select

TU11 or TU12 mapping) on the


display. On

Option 110 instruments also select a LINE CODE. See “Description” page 6.

Insert 2 Mb/s /DS1 (Structured SDH Payload or

Structured PDH)

1

Connect the external payload to the MUX port of the PDH Tx module.

2

If you chose a structured SDH Payload, set up the required transmit

SDH interface, set up the required SDH structured payload and choose INSERT 2 Mb/s or INSERT DS1 (Option 110) on the

STRUCT’D PAYLOAD

display.

On Option 110 instruments select the LINE CODE.

SDH

53




3

If you chose a Structured PDH set up, select the required transmit

PDH interface, set up the required PDH Test Signal interface and choose INSERT 2 Mb/s or INSERT DS1 (Option 110 instruments) on the

PDH STRUCTURED SETTINGS

display.

On Option 110 instruments select the LINE CODE [AMI or HDB3] for

2 Mb/s and [AMI or B8ZS] for DS1 Test Signals.

See “Setting PDH Transmit Interface” page 2 and "Setting Transmit

Structured Payload/Test Signal (Options UKJ or 110) " page 43

54



Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal

Description

Dropping an External Payload/Test

Signal

You can drop a PDH signal from the received payload or drop 2 Mb/s or

DS1 (Option 110) from the structured PDH signal to external equipment for testing purposes.

You can only Drop an external payload if Option UKJ, Structured PDH, or option 110 DS1, DS3, E1, E3 structured PDH is fitted.

140 Mb/s and 34 Mb/s (for option UKJ) and DS3 or 34 Mb/s (for option

110) can only be dropped if SDH is chosen as the receive interface.

2 Mb/s or DS1 can be dropped from a structured or non-structured SDH payload and from a structured PDH signal.

HOW TO:

Drop 34 Mb/s, DS3 & 140 Mb/s

1

Connect the 75

Ω

OUT port of the PDH Tx module to the external equipment.

2

Set up the receive SDH interface, and choose DROP 34Mb/s, DS3 or

140 Mb/s as required on the


display. See

“Setting SDH Receive Interface” page 22.. If you select DROP DS3, also select the output level from DS3-HI, DSX-3 or DS3-900’.

55



Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal

Drop 2 Mb/s /DS1 (Unstructured SDH Payload)

1

Connect the DEMUX port of the PDH module to the external equipment.

2

Set up the required transmit SDH interface, and choose DROP 2Mb/s or DS1 (Option 110) on the


display. Select a

LINE CODE. See “Setting SDH Receive Interface” page 22.

Drop 2 Mb/s/DS1 (Structured SDH Payload or

Structured PDH

1

Connect the DEMUX port of the PDH module to the external equipment.

2

If you chose a structured SDH payload, set up the required receive

SDH interface, set up the required receive SDH structured payload and choose DROP 2 Mb/s (select TU12 Mapping) or DROP DS1

(Option 110 - select TU11 or TU12 Mapping) on the

STRUCT’D PAYLOAD

SDH

display. See "Setting Receive Structured

Payload/Test Signal " page 45 and “Setting SDH Receive Interface” page 22.

3

If you chose a structured PDH, set up the required receive PDH interface, set up the required receive Structured Payload/Test Signal and choose DROP 2 Mb/s or DROP DS1 (Option 110) on the

STRUCT’D SETTINGS

PDH

display. See “Setting PDH Receive Interface” page 19 and "Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal " page 45.

56



Selecting ATM Cell Stream Payload

Description

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Payload

The test stream comprises: 1 Foreground (F/G) Channel, 3 Background

(B/G) Channels and the remaining cell opportunities which are filled with unassigned or idle cells.

HOW TO:

1

Select the payload which will be the subject of the test, the foreground payload, in F/G PAYLOAD

For Delay measurements and Cell Misinsertion and Loss measurements you need to select

TEST CELL

.

The

CROSS CELL

PRBS runs continuously from cell to cell. With the cross cell PRBS, cell misinsertion or cell loss will cause pattern sync loss.

With

SINGLE CELL

PRBS, the PRBS is restarted in every cell. Cell loss will NOT cause pattern sync loss but, of course, payload errors will be counted.

The

USER BYTE

foreground.

selection allows you to select your own fixed byte in the

2

Select a background stream B/G STREAM 1,2 or 3

3

Select the byte to be used as a payload in the selected background

(B/G PAYLOAD).

4

Repeat the procedure for the other B/G STREAMS.

5

Select the remaining content of the cell stream FILL CELLS

UNASSIGNED

.

IDLE

or

57



Selecting ATM Cell Stream Timing Distribution

Description

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Timing

Distribution

The foreground and background bandwidths and timing distribution are selected to represent the service that you want to simulate.

HOW TO:

1

Select the foreground F/G bandwidth.

2

Select the background B/G #1, #2 and #3 bandwidths.

3

Select the foreground F/G DISTRIBUTION. This will depend on the type of service to be simulated. For simulation of a Constant Bit Rate service, choose services choose

PERIODIC

BURST

.

, for simulation of data transfer type

4

If F/G DISTRIBUTION

PERIODIC

is selected, an additional burst of up to 2047 cells may be added by setting the ADD SINGLE BURST OF to the number of cells required and toggling

OFF

to

ADD BURST

.

The selection for the remaining bandwidth, IDLE or UNASSIGNED, made on the CELL STREAM

CONTENTS

display is shown here.

58



Selecting ATM Cell Stream Headers and Interface

Description

Selecting ATM Cell Stream Headers and

Interface

The components of the ATM cell stream headers and the interface UNI or NNI are selectable. User Network Interface (UNI) is used between a

LAN and a switch in the public network, Network Node Interface (NNI) is used between switches in the public network.

HOW TO:

1

Select the INTERFACE, UNI or NNI.

2

Set up the header for the cell which is the subject of the test F/G

HEADER:

Generic Flow Control (GFC) - Applies to (UNI) only.

Virtual Path Indicator(VPI),

Virtual Channel Indicator(VCI),

Payload Type Indicator (PTI) -

Congestion not experienced= 000, Congestion experienced= 010

Cell Loss Priority (CLP) - 0=High Priority - 1=Low Priority

3

Select a background stream B/G STREAM 1,2 or3.

4

Select the header for the selected background (B/G HEADER).

5

Repeat the procedure for the other B/G STREAMS.

6

Select the content of the fill cells which will make up the remainder of the cell stream. by selecting FILL CELLS -

IDLE

or

UNASSIGNED

.

59



Adding Errors & Alarms at the SDH Interface

Description

Adding Errors & Alarms at the SDH

Interface

Errors and alarms can be added to the SDH interface signal during testing.

HOW TO:

1



2

Choose the ERROR ADD TYPE and RATE required. If B2 BIP errors are added, in addition to ERROR ALL and selectable rates, MSP

THRESHOLD may be selected. In this case the MSP timing is selectable, number of errors and time period.

3

Choose the ALARM TYPE

Errors and Alarms can be added at the same time.

60



Adding Errors & Alarms to the PDH Interface/PDH Payload

Description

Adding Errors & Alarms to the PDH

Interface/PDH Payload

Errors and alarms can be added to the PDH payload signal during testing.

HOW TO:

1

If SDH interface is chosen, set up the SDH transmit interface and payload required. See “Description” page 6.

If PDH interface is chosen, set up the PDH interface and payload required. See “Setting PDH Transmit Interface” page 2.

2

Choose the ERROR ADD TYPE and RATE required. The RATE can be selected from a fixed value or is user programmable. If you select

USER PROGRAM you can select the error rate before enabling the errors. This feature is useful when doing error threshold testing.

3

Choose the ALARM TYPE.

Errors and Alarms can be added at the same time.

DS1 & DS3 Alarm Generation (Option 110 instruments)

The following alarms are generated when a PDH Payload is selected on the Transmitter TEST FUNCTION page for DS1 and DS3 signals.

61


DS1 Signal

DS3


Adding Errors & Alarms to the PDH Interface/PDH Payload

LOS: The output signal is turned off (not available when mapped into

SONET/SDH).

DS1 OOF:- The selected framing is turned off

DS1 AIS: - Unfamed all ones is transmitted

DS1 RAI/YELLOW:

ESF: The 4 kHz data link carries a repetitive 8-zeros/8 ones pattern as defined in Bellcore TA 194.

D4(SF), SLC-96: Bit 2 of every timeslot is set to ‘0’.

LOS: - The output signal is turned off (not available when mapped into

SONET/SDH

DS3 OOF: - The F framing bits are set to 0

DS3 AIS: - Generates a 1010....sequence.

DS3 IDLE: - 1100 repeating pattern.

DS3 RAI/X-BIT:- The X1, X2 bits are set to 00. Also known as a Remote

Defect Indicator (RDI)

FEAC Codes: - With CBIT Payload Type selected on the Transmitter

MAIN SETTINGS page the HP 37717C can transmit DS3 FEAC codes.

Refer to the following paragraph for an explanation of FEAC codes and how to use them with the HP 37717C.

62



Using FEAC Codes in the HP 37717C

Description


The third C-Bit in subframe 1 is used as a FEAC channel, where alarm or status information from the far-end terminal can be sent back to the near-end terminal. The channel is also used to initiate DS3 and DS1 line loopbacks at the far-end terminal from the near-end terminal.

The codes are six digits long and are embedded in a 16 bit code word; the format is 0XXXXXX011111111

To transmit an FEAC code (Option 110 instruments)

1

Select a DS3 Signal and C-BIT framing on the Transmitter MAIN

SETTINGS page.

2

Select the TEST FUNCTION page and set the ALARM TYPE to DS3

FEAC. The following Figure gives an example of the HP 37717C display configured to generate a FEAC message.

When an FEAC code is not being transmitted the all ones pattern is transmitted.

63




3

Choose the FEAC CODE TYPE (LOOPBACK or ALARM STATUS). If you chose LOOPBACK proceed to step 4; if not proceed to step 7.

4

Choose the MESSAGE from the choices displayed. If you chose a DS1 message an additional field to the right of the DS1 MESSAGE is displayed. Position the cursor on this field and select ALL or SINGLE

CHANNEL. If you choose SINGLE CHANNEL use the EDIT keys to select a channel from 1 to 28. Press

END EDIT

when finished.

5

Set the REPEAT (TIMES) fields LOOP and MESS, as required, both can be set in the range 1 to 15.

6

Select TRANSMIT NEW CODE and press the the selected FEAC message.

BURST

key to transmit

7

Continue here if you selected ALM/STATUS, FEAC CODE TYPE.

Select a MESSAGE from the choices displayed; use the access more selections. Select

USER CODE

MORE

key to

if you wish to define an

FEAC message. The FEAC message comprises a repeating 16 bit codeword consisting of 0xxxxxx011111111 (where x is user-definable,

0 or 1). Use the EDIT keys to define the FEAC codeword.

8

Set the BURST LENGTH (TIMES) to CONTINUOUS or BURST. If you select BURST use the EDIT keys to select the BURST LENGTH

(selectable from 1 to 15). Press the END EDIT key when finished.

9

Position the cursor on TRANSMIT NEW CODE and select ON or

BURST (choice depends upon selection in BURST LENGTH field).

See next page for information on how to view transmitted FEAC messages:

64




To View Transmitted FEAC Messages

The FEAC message you transmit can be viewed on the DSn RESULTS display if the Receiver settings match those of the Transmitter (i.e. select

DS3 and CBIT Payload on Receiver). The following figure gives an example of a FEAC Message on the Results page.


65


Adding ATM Errors and Alarms

Description

Adding ATM Errors and Alarms

ATM errors and alarms may be introduced into the cell stream.

HOW TO:

1

Select TEST FUNCTION

ATM PAYLOAD

2

Select the ERROR ADD TYPE.

To check header error correction capability, choose introduce single Header Error Control errors

SINGLE HEC

to

To check the detection and discard operation of devices, choose

DOUBLE HEC

to introduce double Header Error Control errors.

To introduces bit errors into the atm payload, choose

BIT

.

3

For

SINGLE HEC

foreground

When

F/G CELLS

ALL CELLS

and

DOUBLE HEC

errors, select the STREAM,

or foreground and background

ALL CELLS

.

is selected, a burst may be added and used to check the header alignment algorithm.

4

Select the error add RATE.

5

Select OAM ALARM TYPE.

66



Setting PDH Spare Bits

Description

Setting PDH Spare Bits

Certain Spare Bits will cause the occurrence of a minor alarm when received as a logical "0".:

140 Mb/s - FAS Bit 14

34 Mb/s - FAS Bit 12

8 Mb.s - FAS Bit 12

2 Mb/s - NFAS Timeslot (timeslot 0 of NFAS frame) Bit 0

HOW TO:

1

If SDH interface is chosen, set up the SDH transmit interface and payload required. See “Description” page 6.

If PDH interface is chosen, set up the PDH transmit interface and payload required. See “Setting PDH Transmit Interface” page 2.

2

Set the value of the spare bits required for testing.

If a BIT SEQUENCE is required, choose SEND SEQUENCE [ON] to transmit the sequence.

67



Adding Pointer Adjustments

Description


The transmitted AU or TU pointer value can be adjusted for testing purposes.

HOW TO:

1



2

Choose the POINTER TYPE.

3

Choose the ADJUSTMENT TYPE required.

BURST - You determine the size of the burst by the number of

PLACES chosen. If, for example, you choose 5 PLACES the pointer value will be stepped 5 times in unit steps e.g. 0 (start value), 1, 2, 3,

4, 5 (final value). The interval between steps is as follows:

For AU and TU-3, the minimum spacing between adjustments is 500 us. For TU except TU-3, the minimum spacing between adjustments is

2 ms.

Choose ADJUST POINTER [ON] to add the chosen burst.

NEW POINTER - You can choose a pointer value in the range 0 to 782 with or without a New Data Flag.

The current pointer value is displayed for information purposes.

Choose ADJUST POINTER [ON] to transmit the new pointer value.

68




OFFSET - You can frequency offset the line rate or the VC/TU rate, relative to each other, thus producing pointer movements. If you offset the AU pointer, an 87:3 sequence of pointer movements is generated.

The available configurations are listed in the following table.

If you are currently adding Frequency Offset to the SDH interface or payload, pointer OFFSET is not available.

Pointer Type Line Rate

AU

AU

TU

TU

Constant

Offset

Constant

Offset

AU Payload (VC) Rate TU Payload (TU) Rate

Offset

Constant

Constant

Tracks Line Rate

Tracks AU Payload

Constant

Offset

Constant

G.783 - Provides pointer movements according to ITU-T G.783:

If you are familiar with G.783 pointer sequences proceed to steps 4 and 5; if not refer to the text given in the following pages for explanations of the pointer sequences offered, and the mapping selections required to enable particular pointer sequences.

4

Select the G.783 ADJUSTMENT TYPE from the choices given, then select the POLARITY, INTERVAL and PATTERN (where applicable) for the selected sequence.

5

Choose POINTER SEQUENCES [START INIT] to generate the selected G.783 sequence and [STOP INIT] to stop the pointer sequences.


69


G.783 Pointer Sequences Explained


In addition to the BURST, NEW POINTER and OFFSET pointer movements described, the HP 37717C can also generate pointer sequences (pointer movements) according to ITU-T G.783, T1.105.03 and

GR-253. Note that T.105.03/GR-253 sequences are explained in the

SONET version of this User’s Guide.

Before running a pointer sequence you can elect to run an initialization sequence, followed by a cool down period, and then run the chosen sequence. This is selected using the START INIT softkey shown in the display on the previous page. Initialized pointer sequences are made up of three periods: the Initialization Period, the Cool Down Period, and the

Sequence (Measurement) Period, illustrated in the following figure:

Non Periodic Sequence Initialization Sequence

Periodic Sequence

No Pointer Activity

Continuous Sequence

Sequence

Time

Initialization Cool Down Measurement

Period

Note: SINGLE (e), BURST (f) and PHASE TRANSIENT are Non

Periodic Sequences.

Initialization Period

For SINGLE e), BURST f) and PHASE TRANSIENT sequences the initialization sequence consists of 60 seconds of pointer adjustments applied at a rate of 2 adjustments per second and in the same direction as the specified pointer sequence.

Cool Down Period

A period following the initialization period which for SINGLE e), BURST f) and PHASE TRANSIENT sequences is 30 seconds long when no pointer activity is present.

70


N OT E



Sequence (Measurement) Period

The period following the Cool Down period where the specified pointer sequence runs continuously.

Periodic Test Sequences

For periodic test sequences (for example “PERIODIC ADD g/h”) both the

60 second initialization and 30 second cool down periods consist of the same sequence as used for the subsequent measurement sequence. If the product of the period T and the selected optional background pattern

(87+3 or 26+1) exceeds 60 seconds then the longer period is used for the initialization. For example, if T is set for 10 seconds then the initialization period may be extended to 900 seconds.

The HP 37717C displays a message indicating which phase

(initialization, cool down or measurement) the transmitter is currently generating.

The following conditions apply for pointer sequence generation:

The sequences can only be applied to the AU pointer when the AU does not contain a TU structure, otherwise it is applied to the TU pointer.

Pointer sequence generation is not available when a frequency offset is being applied to the Line Rate.

The following figure gives an example of a G.783 (g) 87-3 Pointer

Sequence.

G.783(g) 87-3 Pattern

No Pointer

Adjustment

Start of Next

87-3 Pattern

Pointer Adjustment

87

3

An Example of a Pointer Sequence

71




Pointer Sequence Description

G.783(a) PERIODIC

SINGLE

Periodic Single adjustments, each with opposite polarity to the preceding adjustment. The interval between pointer adjustments is user selectable (see Note 1 page 74).

G.783 (b) PERIODIC ADD

Periodic Single adjustments, with selectable polarity and added adjustment (1 extra). The spacing between the added adjustment and the previous adjustment is set to the minimum, (see Note 2 page 74). The interval between pointer adjustments is user selectable (see Note 1). Added adjustments occur every 30 seconds.

G.783 (c) PERIODIC

CANCEL

Periodic Single adjustments, with selectable polarity and cancelled adjustment (1 less). The interval between pointer adjustments is user selectable (see Note 1 page 74). Cancelled adjustments occur every 30 seconds.

G.783(d) PERIODIC

DOUBLE

Periodic Double adjustments (pair of adjustments). The pair alternate in polarity. The spacing between pairs of adjustments, of like polarity is set to the minimum (see Note 2). The interval between pointer adjustments is user selectable (see Note 1).

G.783 (e) SINGLE

G.783 (f) BURST

Periodic Single adjustments, all of the same polarity which is selectable. Separation between pointer adjustments is fixed at approximately 30 seconds.

Periodic bursts of 3 adjustments, all of the same polarity which is selectable. The interval between bursts is fixed at approximately 30 seconds. The interval between adjustments within a burst is set to the minimum (see Note 2 page 74).

PHASE TRANSIENT

G.783 (g) PERIODIC

NORMAL (87-3 Pattern)

Phase transient pointer adjustment burst test sequence. All adjustments are of the same polarity, which is selectable. The interval between bursts is fixed at 30 seconds. Each burst consists of 7 pointer movement. The first 3 in each burst are 0.25 s apart, and the interval between the 3 and 4 movement, and each remaining movement 0.5 seconds.

An 87-3 pattern is selected. The sequence pattern is 87 pointer movements followed by 3 missing pointer movements. Pointer polarity is selectable and the time interval between pointer adjustments settable (see Note 1 page 74).

72




Pointer Sequence

G.783 (g) PERIODIC ADD

(87-3 Pattern)

G.783 (g) PERIODIC

CANCEL (87-3 pattern)

Description

An 87-3 pattern is selected. The sequence pattern is 87 pointer movements followed by 3 missing pointer movements with an added pointer movement after the 43rd pointer. The spacing between the added adjustment and the previous adjustment is set to the minimum, (see Note 2 page 74). Pointer polarity is selectable. The time interval between pointer adjustments can be set (see Note 1).

Added adjustments occur every 30 seconds or every repeat of the 87-

3 pattern, whichever is longer.

An 87-3 pattern is selected. The sequence pattern is 87 pointer movements followed by 3 missing pointer movements with a cancelled pointer movement at the 87th pointer. Pointer polarity is selectable, and the time interval between pointer adjustments can be set (see Note 1). Cancelled adjustments occur every 30 seconds or every repeat of the 87-3 pattern, whichever is longer.

G.783 (h) PERIODIC

NORMAL (Continuous

Pattern)


ADD (Continuous

Pattern)


CANCEL (Continuous

Pattern)

Provides a continuous sequence of pointer adjustments. The polarity of the adjustments is selectable, and the time interval between adjustments can be set (see Note 1).

Periodic Single adjustments, with selectable polarity and added adjustment (1 extra). The spacing between the added adjustment and the previous adjustment is set to the minimum, (see Note 2).

The time interval between pointer adjustments can be set (see Note

1). Added adjustments occur every 30 seconds or every repeat of the

87-3 pattern, whichever is longer.

Periodic Single adjustments, with selectable polarity and cancelled adjustment (1 less). The time interval between pointer adjustments can be set (see Note 1). Cancelled adjustments occur every 30 seconds or every repeat of the 87-3 pattern, whichever is longer.

PERIODIC NORMAL (26-1

Pattern)

This selection is only available if you have selected TU11 mapping, or TU12 with ASYNC DS1 selected. The sequence pattern is 26 pointer movements followed by 1 missing pointer movement.

Pointer polarity is selectable and the time interval between pointer adjustments programmable to 200 ms, 500 ms, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s or 10 seconds.

73




Pointer Sequence

PERIODIC ADD (26-1

Pattern)

Description

This selection is only available if you have selected TU11 mapping, or TU12 with ASYNC DS1 selected. The sequence pattern is 26 pointer movements followed by 1 missing pointer movement. The added adjustment occurs 2 ms after the 13th pointer adjustment.

Pointer polarity is selectable and the time interval between pointer adjustments programmable to 200 ms, 500 ms, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s or 10 s.

Added adjustments occur every 30 seconds or every repeat of the 26-

1 pattern, whichever is longer.

PERIODIC CANCEL (26-1 pattern)

This selection is only available if you have selected TU11 mapping, or TU12 with ASYNC DS1 selected. The sequence pattern is 26 pointer movements followed by 1 missing pointer movement. The cancelled adjustment is the 26th pointer adjustment, that is the one before the regular gap of 1. Pointer polarity is selectable and the time interval between pointer adjustments programmable to 200 ms, 500 ms, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s or 10s. Cancelled adjustments occur every

30 seconds or every repeat of the 26-1 pattern, whichever is longer.

Pointer Sequence Notes

Note 1: For AU and TU-3, the sequence interval is selectable from:

7.5 ms, 10, 20, 30, 34 ms

40 to 100 ms in 10 ms steps, 100 to 1000 ms in 100 ms steps

1, 2, 5, 10 seconds.

For TU except TU-3, the sequence interval is selectable from:

200 ms, 500 ms, 1, 2, 5 and 10 seconds.

Note 2: For AU and TU-3, the minimum spacing between adjustments is 500 us.

For TU except TU-3, the minimum spacing between adjustments is 2 ms.

74


Table 1



Pointer Sequences Available with Selected Mapping

POINTER SEQUENCE

G.783 SINGLE (a, b, c)

G.783(d) PERIODIC DOUBLE

G.783(e) SINGLE

G.783 (F) BURST

PHASE TRANSIENT

PERIODIC NORMAL (g) 87-3

PERIODIC ADD (g) 87-3

PERIODIC CANCEL (g) 87-3

PERIODIC NORMAL (h)

PERIODIC ADD (h)

PERIODIC CANCEL (h)

PERIODIC NORMAL 26-1

PERIODIC ADD 26-1

PERIODIC CANCEL 26-1

AU Only

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

TU-3

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

MAPPING

TU-2, TU-12

(not DS1)

TU-12(DS1),

TU-11

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓ ✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓


75


Using Pointer Graph Test Function


Pointer Graph shows the relative offset during the measurement period.

This allows the time relationship of AU or TU pointer movements to be observed. Up to 4 days of storage allows long term effects such as Wander to be observed. If an alarm occurs during the measurement period, a new graph starts at the centre of the display (offset zero) after recovery from the alarm.

TIP:

HOW TO:

The graph can also be viewed on the the end of the measurement.

RESULTS

SDH RESULTS

display at

1



2

Choose the CAPTURE INTERVAL required.

The capture interval determines the time between captures. Low values of capture interval should be chosen when a high degree of pointer movements is expected.

High values of capture interval should be chosen when a low degree of pointer movements is expected, for example Wander over 1 day, use 5

MINS and Wander over 4 days, use 20 MINS.

76


HOW TO:

TIP:



If, during a long term measurement (4 days), an event occurs at a particular time each day, a short term measurement can be made at the identified time to gain more detail of the event.

3

Choose the POINTER UNDER TEST type AU or TU.

4

Press

RUN/STOP

to start the measurement.

If the event occurs outside normal working hours, a Timed Start measurement can be made.

1 SEC - display window of approximately 5 minutes.

5 SECS - display window of approximately 25 minutes.

20 SECS - display window of approximately 1 hour 40 minutes.

1 MIN - display window of approximately 5 hours.

5 MIN - display window of approximately 1 day.

20 MIN - display window of approximately 4 days.


77


Stressing Optical Clock Recovery Circuits

Description

Stressing Optical Clock Recovery

Circuits

Ideally clock recovery circuits in the network equipment optical interfaces should recover the clock even in the presence of long strings of

0s. You can check the performance of your optical clock recovery circuits using the STRESS TEST test function.

The stress test is available at STM-4 and STM-4c if Option 130 or 131 is fitted. If options 110/120 are also fitted then the stress test is also available at STS-12BIN and OC-12.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the SDH transmit interface and payload required.

Choose the required STRESSING PATTERN.

The G.958 test pattern consists of 4 consecutive blocks of data as follows:

ALL ONES, a PRBS, ALL ZEROS and the first row of section overhead bytes.

2

If you choose ALL ONES or ALL ZEROS as the stressing pattern, choose the number of bytes in the BLOCK LENGTH.

78



Generating Automatic Protection Switch Messages

Description

Generating Automatic Protection

Switch Messages

You can program the K1 and K2 bytes to exercise the APS functions for

Both LINEAR (ITU-T G.783) and RING (ITU-T G.841) topologies.

HOW TO:

1



2

Choose the ITU-T TOPOLOGY required.

3

Choose the message to be transmitted.

If LINEAR topology is chosen, choose the CHANNEL, the BRIDGED

CHANNEL NO., the ARCHITECTURE and the RESERVED bits you require.

If RING topology is chosen, choose the DESTINATION NODE ID, the

SOURCE NODE ID, the type of PATH and the status code (K2 Bits 6-

>8)

The current TX and RX, K1 and K2, values are displayed for reference only.

4

Choose DOWNLOAD to transmit the new K1/K2 values.

79



Inserting & Dropping Data Communications Channel

Description

Inserting & Dropping Data

Communications Channel

The Data Communications Channel (DCC) of the regenerator and multiplexer section overhead can be verified by protocol testing. The

Insert and Drop capability provides access to the DCC via the RS-449 connector on the front panel of the SDH module.

DCC INSERT is available on the display.

TRANSMIT

,

SDH

,

TEST FUNCTION

DCC DROP is available on the display.

RECEIVE

SDH TEST FUNCTION

HOW TO:

1

Connect the Protocol Analyzer to the RS449 port on the SDH Transmit module.

2

Choose the required DCC.

If you choose DCC BYTE POLARITY [NORMAL], the first bit received in each byte is the first bit dropped (i.e. the most significant).

Choice of NORMAL or REVERSED on the DCC INSERT or DCC

DROP display will take effect on both.

80


3

3

Making Measurements


Making Measurements

Using Overhead BER Test Function

Description

Using Overhead BER Test Function

You can perform a Bit Error Rate test on chosen bytes of the regenerator section, multiplexer section and path overhead bytes.

You can access the transmit Overhead BER on the

TEST FUNCTION

display.

TRANSMIT

SDH

HOW TO:

1


2

Set up the receive SDH interface and payload as required.

3

Choose the overhead byte to be tested on the

TEST FUNCTION

display

.

RECEIVE

SDH

4

Choose the overhead byte to be tested on the

TEST FUNCTION

display.

TRANSMIT

SDH

5

Press

RUN/STOP

to start the test.

6

The PRBS pattern can be errored by pressing

SINGLE

.

82


Making Measurements

Test Timing

Description

Test Timing

There are two aspects to test timing:

Error results may be displayed as short term or cumulative over the measurement period.If short term error measurements are required, the short term period may be selected.

The period of the test may be defined or controlled manually.

HOW TO:

1

Select the

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

display.

2

Set the SHORT TERM PERIOD to the timing required for short term results.

3

Select the type of TEST TIMING required:

For manual control with

RUN/STOP

select [MANUAL].

For a single timed measurement period started with

RUN/STOP

select [SINGLE] and select the test duration.

,

For a timed period starting at a specified time, select TIMED, select the test duration and the test START date and time.

83


Making Measurements

Making SDH Analysis Measurements

Description

Making SDH Analysis Measurements

G.826 analysis results are provided for all relevant SDH error sources.

In addition the following results are provided:

Cumulative error count and error ratio

Short Term error count and error ratio

Alarm Seconds

Frequency

Pointer Values

Pointer Graph

HOW TO:

TIP:

1


2

Set up the receive SDH interface and payload required.

3

Press

RUN/STOP


4

You can view the analysis results on the display.

RESULTS

SDH ANALYSIS

The measurement will not be affected if you switch between the different results provided.

84


Making Measurements

Making PDH Analysis Measurements

Description

N OT E


G.821, G.826, M.2100, M.2110 and M.2120 analysis results are provided for all relevant PDH and PDH Payload error sources.

In addition the following results are provided:

Cumulative error count and error ratio

Short Term error count and error ratio

Alarm Seconds

SIG/BIT Monitor refer to "Monitoring Signaling Bits " page 95

G.826, M.2100, M.2110 and M.2120 are only available if Option UKJ,

Structured PDH is fitted.

HOW TO:

1

If SDH or SONET (option 120) is chosen as the interface, set up the

Transmit Interface and Payload, and also the Receive Interface and

Payload required.

2

If PDH is chosen as the interface, set up the PDH transmit interface, and the PDH receive interface required.

3

Press

RUN/STOP


85


TIP:

Making Measurements


4

If SDH is chosen as the interface, you can view the analysis results on the

RESULTS

PDH PAYLOAD ERROR ANALYSIS

display.

If PDH is chosen as the interface, you can view the analysis results on the

RESULTS

PDH ERROR ANALYSIS

display.


86


Making Measurements

Measuring Jitter

Description:


PDH Jitter and PDH error measurements are made simultaneously when a PDH jitter measurement option is fitted. The measurements are made on the normal input to the PDH receiver and the interface selections are the normal PDH Receiver selections.

SDH Jitter and SDH error measurements are isolated individual measurements. The SDH jitter measurement is made on an SDH input to the Jitter module.

Cumulative and Short Term results of Jitter Amplitude and Jitter Hits are provided on the

RESULTS

JITTER

display.

Graph and Text results for Jitter Transfer and Jitter Tolerance are also provided.

HOW TO:

1

If measuring Jitter on a PDH signal, set up the receive PDH interface for the error measurements. See “Setting PDH Receive Interface” page 19 and the receive Jitter interface for jitter range threshold and filters, see“Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 24.

2

If measuring Jitter on an SDH signal, set up the receive Jitter interface. See “Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 24.

87


N OT E

Making Measurements


For Jitter measurements on an SDH signal you need to set the Receive interface to SDH Jitter.

3

If performing a Jitter Tolerance measurement, see "Measuring Jitter

Tolerance " page 103.

If performing a Jitter Transfer measurement, see "Measuring Jitter

Transfer " page 106.

4

Press

RUN/STOP


5

You can view the Jitter hits and Amplitude results on the

JITTER

display.

RESULTS

88


Making Measurements

Measuring Wander

Description:


Wander measurements are possible when the received PDH interface signal is 2 Mb/s. The Wander results are displayed in bits and microseconds. Estimated Bit and Frame slips are also calculated. In addition a Bar Graph shows the cumulative Wander over the measurement period.

HOW TO:

Make the Measurement

1

Connect a 2 Mb/s REFERENCE (CLOCK or DATA) to the 2M REF IN port of the Jitter Receiver module.

2

Set up a 2 Mb/s PDH receive interface. See “Setting PDH Receive

Interface” page 19.

3

Choose WANDER [ON].

4

Choose the WANDER REFERENCE impedance.

If the 2 Mb/s Reference is connected to the 2M REF IN 75

Ω

port, choose 75

Ω

UNBAL. If connected to the 120

Ω

port, choose 120

Ω

BAL.

5

Choose the WANDER REF FORMAT.

If the 2Mb/s Reference connected to the 2M REF IN port is a data signal, choose HDB3 DATA.

89


HOW TO:

Making Measurements


6

Press

RUN/STOP


View the Results

N OT E

1

Choose the results type, WANDER or BAR GRAPH.

If Bar Graph is chosen the cumulative wander results are displayed in graphical form. The Bar Graphs are additive and in the example shown above the Wander is -70.625 BITS.

2

If WANDER is chosen, choose the units in which the results are displayed.

TIME displays the wander results in microseconds.

BITS displays the wander results in bits.

Estimated Bit Slips signify the slippage from the start of the measurement.

One Estimated Frame Slip corresponds to 256 Bit Slips.

Implied Frequency Offset is calculated from the Wander results.

90


Making Measurements

Measuring Frequency

Description

Measuring Frequency

The signal frequency and the amount of offset from ITU-T standard rate can be measured to give an indication of probability of errors.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Connect the signal to be measured to the IN port of the PDH module

(PDH) or IN port of the SDH module (SDH electrical) or the STM-1/

STM-4 IN port of the Optical module (SDH optical).

The frequency measurement is always available even if the test timing is off.


91

Making Measurements

Measuring Optical Power

Description

Measuring Optical Power

Optical power measurement can be performed on the SDH signal connected to the STM-1/STM-4 In port.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Connect the SDH optical signal to the STM-1/STM-4 IN port of the

Optical module.

2

Choose the received input signal rate on the

RECEIVE

SDH

display.

3

Choose the received wavelength on the

RESULTS

SDH

display.

The optical power measurement is always available even if the test timing is off.

92


Making Measurements

Measuring Round Trip Delay

Description:


The time taken for voice traffic to pass through the network is very important. Excessive delay can make speech difficult to understand.

The Round Trip Delay feature of the HP 37717C measures the delay in a

64 kb/s timeslot.

A test pattern is transmitted in the 64 kb/s timeslot and a timer is set running. A loopback is applied to the network equipment to return the test signal. The received pattern stops the timer and the Round Trip

Delay is calculated.

N OT E

HOW TO:

You can only measure Round Trip Delay on a 64 kb/s test signal.

1

If measuring on an SDH interface, set up the SDH transmit and receive interfaces and payload required. See “Description” page 6 and

“Setting SDH Receive Interface” page 22.

2

If measuring on a PDH interface, set up the PDH transmit and receive interfaces and payload required. See “Setting PDH Transmit

Interface” page 2 and “Setting PDH Receive Interface” page 19.

3

Connect a loopback to the network equipment.

93


Making Measurements


4

Choose ACTION [ON] to start the measurement.

If measuring on an SDH interface, the results are available on the

RESULTS

PDH PAYLOAD

display.

If measuring on a PDH interface, the results are available on the

RESULTS

PDH

display.

The Round Trip delay measurement range is up to 2 seconds. The resolution varies with the received interface signal rate:

2 Mb/s

1 microsecond

8, 34, 140 Mb/s 10 microseconds

STM-1

0.5 milliseconds

94


Making Measurements

Monitoring Signaling Bits


Description

The HP 37717C receiver can be used to monitor the state of signaling bits in received 2 Mb/s signals with timeslot-16 CAS (PCM30 or

PCM30CRC) multiframing, structured or unstructured, and also in DS1 structured signals (Option 110 instruments).

The HP 37717C transmitter can be configured to generate these signals and the state of the signaling bits defined by the user, as follows:

2.048 Mb/s Signal When transmitting a 2.048 Mb/s signal, (or a 2.048 Mb/s signal as part of a higher rate structured signal) with timeslot-16 CAS (PCM30 or

PCM30CRC) multiframing the state of A,B,C,D signaling bits can be set.

The signaling bits of all timeslots are set to the user-defined 4 bit value.

DS1 Signal

(Option 110)

When transmitting a DS1 framed, structured signal or a DS3 signal structured down to DS1, the values of the A,B signaling bits for D4 and

SLC-96 payloads, and A,B,C,D signaling bits for ESF payloads can be defined. In the Transmitter signaling is only offered for a 56 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s Test Signal.


95

2.048 Mb/s

Results

DS1 Results

(option110)

Making Measurements


Results Displayed

The state of the received signaling information is displayed on the

RESULTS

,

PDH PAYLOAD

.

SIG/BIT MONITOR

page.

Note: To display 2 Mb/s signaling information PCM30 or PCM30CRC framing must be selected.

Note: To display DS1 signaling information the receiver Test Signal must be set to 64 kb/s, Nx64 kb/s, 56 kb/s or Nx56 kb/s.

For 2 Mb/s signals with timeslot-16 CAS multiframing a table showing the values of A,B,C,D signaling bits in all 30 channels is given.

D4 and SLC-96 payloads

A table simultaneously showing the state of the A and B signaling bits in the 6th and 12th frames of a superframe is given. Each frame contains

24 timeslots. In SLC-96 mode A and B choices are 0, 1 or alternating. If you set bit A or B to alternate, the displayed bit changes to an A, to indicate that the bit is alternating from 1 to 0. The same signaling is transmitted in all channels.

ESF Payloads

A table simultaneously showing the state of the A, B, C and D signaling bits in the 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th frames of a superframe is given.

Each frame contains 24 timeslots.

96


Making Measurements

Measuring Service Disruption Time

Description:


Protection switching ensures that data integrity is maintained and revenue protected when equipment failure occurs. The speed of operation of the protection switch can be measured.

This measurement is available in instruments with option UKJ,

Structured PDH fitted or at STM-4c if option 130 or 131 is fitted, or if option 110 DSn SPDH is fitted.

The sequence of events involved in measuring the switching time is:

•

Pattern Synchronization (no errors) is achieved.

•

The protection switch is invoked - Pattern Synchronization is lost.

•

The standby line is in place - Pattern Synchronization is regained.

The time interval between pattern sync loss and pattern sync gain is a measure of the disruption of service due to protection switching.


97

Making Measurements


Option

Differences

Error Burst

Definition

Accuracy

HOW TO:

Option UKJ: Service Disruption is selected on the

RESULTS

page.

Option 110: Service Disruption is selected on the for the following configurations:

RESULTS

page except

•

If you select a PDH or SDH/SONET interface and an ANSI (DS1, DS3) framed, unstructured payload you must select Service Disruption on the Transmitter and Receiver TEST FUNCTION page (option 110 only). Ensure if you are using more than one instrument, that the

Transmitter you set up is the one outputting the test signal to the equipment under test. The results can be viewed on the

RESULTS

display.

DS1 and DS3 Operation (Option 110 instruments)

The service disruption results are only available for Unframed, Framed and Structured configurations (but not for DS1 structured within DS3) and for all rates (including 64 kb/s and Nx 64 kb/s).

The DS-1 and DS-3 Test Pattern is set to 2E9-1 PRBS during Service

Disruption measurements.

Error bursts start and finish with an error. Bursts of less than 10 us are ignored.

Bursts are assumed to have completed when >2000ms elapses without any errors being received.

The longest burst detected is 2 seconds.

300 us for DS1 or 2Mb/s/34Mb/s signals.

60 us for DS3 signals.

1

Set up the PDH/SDH transmit interface and payload required.

2

Set up the PDH/SDH receive interface and payload as required.

3

Press

RUN/STOP


4

Invoke the protection switch.

5

View the results on the

RESULTS

SRVC DISRUPT

display.

Results Displayed

LONGEST - Longest burst of errors during measurement.

SHORTEST - Shortest burst of errors during measurement.

LAST - Length of last burst of errors detected during measurement.

98


Making Measurements

Performing an SDH Tributary Scan

Description


Tributary Scan tests each tributary for error free operation and no occurrence of Pattern Loss. A failure is indicated by highlighting the tributary in which the failure occurred. The

MAIN SETTINGS

,

TRANSMIT

SDH

mapping setup determines the tributary structure.

The HP 37717C will configure the Transmitter to the Receiver and the

PATTERN is forced to the payload it will fill.

Option

Differences

HOW TO:

If your instrument has option 120 fitted you can perform a tributary scan of Sonet tributaries. Use the procedure given here for SDH operation.

1

Set up the transmit and receive SDH interfaces and payload as required.

2

Choose the required BIT ERROR THRESHOLD.

This determines the error rate above which a failure is declared.

3

Choose the required TEST TIMING.

The value you choose is the test time for each individual tributary and not the total test time.

For example, 63 TU-12 tributaries in an AU-4 - the time taken to complete the Tributary Scan will be 63 X TEST TIMING choice.

4

The Tributary Scan results can be viewed on the

RESULTS

99


N OT E

Making Measurements


SDH TRIBSCAN

display. The Scan can be started on the


display or the

RESULTS

TRANSMIT

display by choosing

START.

If the Scan is started on the

TRANSMIT


display, the HP 37717C changes to the

RESULTS

display.

If a single path, for example, SIGNAL [STM-1] MAPPING AU-4 [VC-

4] is chosen, then Tributary Scan is disabled.

The keyboard is locked during tributary scan.

100


Making Measurements

Performing an SDH Alarm Scan

Description

Performing an SDH Alarm Scan

SDH Alarm Scan tests each channel for alarm free operation and identifies and indicates any Unequipped channels.

You can configure the Scan to check for the occurrence of any Path layer

BIP errors above a chosen threshold.

The channel in which an alarm occurred is highlighted if any of the following alarms occur:

AU-LOP, HP-RDI, AU-AIS, H4 Loss of Multiframe,

TU-AIS, LP-RDI, TU-LOP

HOW TO:

1



2

Press the

RESULTS

key and select

SDH ALM SCAN

.

3

Choose AUTO or RX SETTINGS.

RX SETTINGS: The scan checks the structure set on the

RECEIVE

SDH

display.

AUTO: The scan checks the structure being received. This can be particularly useful when receiving mixed payloads.

4

Choose the BIP error threshold.

5

Choose START to start the Alarm Scan.

101


Making Measurements

Performing a PDH/DSn Alarm Scan

Description

Performing a PDH/DSn Alarm Scan

PDH Alarm Scan tests each channel for the following alarms:

Frame Loss

RAI

AIS

The channel in which an alarm occurs is highlighted.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the receive PDH interface as required. See “Setting PDH

Receive Interface” page 19.

2

Choose ON to start the Alarm Scan.

102


Making Measurements

Measuring Jitter Tolerance

Description:

TIP:


The jitter auto tolerance feature provides jitter tolerance measurements within the relevant ITU-T mask, G.823 for PDH and G.958 for SDH.

Jitter is generated at a range of frequencies within the ITU-T mask and an error measurement is made. If no errors occur (PASS), the jitter amplitude at that frequency point is increased until errors occur (FAIL) or the maximum jitter amplitude is reached. The highest jitter amplitude at which PASS occurs is plotted on the graph as the Jitter

Tolerance for that jitter frequency.

The transmitter and receiver can be set to different rates to allow testing across multiplexers, for example transmitter set to STM-1 with embedded 34 Mb/s and receiver set to 34 Mb/s.

HOW TO:

Make the Measurement

1

If you are performing jitter tolerance on the PDH signal, set up the

PDH transmit and receive interfaces. See “Setting PDH Transmit

Interface” page 2 and “Setting PDH Receive Interface” page 19.

2

If you are performing jitter tolerance on the SDH signal, set up the

SDH transmit and receive interfaces. See “Description” page 6 and

“Setting SDH Receive Interface” page 22.

103


Making Measurements


3

If SDH is chosen as the interface, choose the SDH MASK.

TYPE A masks as per ITU-T G.958 have good jitter tolerance and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

TYPE B masks as per ITU-T G.958 have poorer jitter tolerance but a narrower jitter transfer function and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

4

Choose the required test PATTERN.

5

Choose the NUMBER OF POINTS at which jitter is transmitted (3 to

55)

6

Choose the DWELL TIME - the time jitter is generated at each jitter frequency point (1 to 99.9 seconds).

7

Choose the DELAY TIME - the time delay between the jitter frequency/amplitude being applied and the error measurement being made. This allows the network equipment to settle as jitter frequency is changed. (0 to 99.9 seconds).

8

Choose the ERROR THRESHOLD.

If ANY ERRORS is chosen, any BIP or BIT error will result in a FAIL.

If BIT ERRORS is chosen, choose a value between 1 and 1,000,000 to determine the bit error threshold for the jitter tolerance PASS/FAIL decision.

BER>= shows the bit error ratio calculated from the bit error threshold choice and the dwell time choice.

9

Press

RUN/STOP

to start the jitter auto tolerance measurement.

The measurements progress can be monitored on the

TRANSMIT

display. At the end of the test the results can be viewed on the

TRANSMIT

when

or

RESULTS

TRANSMIT

displays. The

TRANSMIT

display is cleared is pressed but the results remain on the

RESULTS

display until the next jitter tolerance measurement is made.

104


Making Measurements


HOW TO:


1

Choose the results FORMAT.

If GRAPH is chosen, a plot of the jitter tolerance results against the

ITU-T mask is displayed.

If TEXT is chosen, the results from which the graph is constructed are displayed, Point number, Frequency, Mask amplitude, Tolerance,

Result.

If applicable, results 13 through 55 can be viewed on pages 2 through

5.

If you wish to log the jitter tolerance results to a printer, see “Logging

Jitter Tolerance Results” page 137.


105

Making Measurements

Measuring Jitter Transfer

Description:

N OT E

HOW TO:


You can perform Jitter transfer measurements at each of the four PDH rates, STM-1 and STM-4. The jitter generator provides the stimulus for the jitter transfer measurement.

Narrow band filtering is used in the jitter receiver thus allowing selection and measurement of the relevant jitter components to provide accurate and repeatable results.

The jitter transfer results are presented in graphical and tabular form.

Graphical results are plotted as Gain V Frequency.

The relevant ITU-T Pass Mask (G.823 for PDH and G.958 for SDH) is also displayed on the graph.

1.The Transmitter and Receiver must be set to the same interface rate.

2. There is no ITU-T Pass Mask for 140 Mb/s.

Achieve the required accuracy:

1

The HP 37717C must be connected back to back in order to perform a calibration cycle before making a Jitter Transfer measurement.

2

The HP 37717C must have been switched on for 1 hour before starting a calibration cycle.

3

The climatic conditions must remain stable from switch-on to end of measurement.

4

The Jitter Transfer measurement must be started within 10 minutes of completion of the Calibration.

5

If maximum Delay time, maximum Dwell time and maximum number of Points is selected, the accuracy specification cannot be guaranteed as the time from start of calibration to end of measurement (test period) will be approximately two hours. It is recommended that the maximum test period does not exceed 90 minutes.

Test Period = Delay Time + Dwell Time + 5 Seconds X Number of

Points X 2 (Calibration + Measurement).

106


Making Measurements


HOW TO:

N OT E

C AU T I O N

Perform Jitter Transfer Calibration

The CALIBRATION should always be carried out with LEVEL

[TERMINATE] selected on the

RECEIVE

JITTER display.

1

If PDH Jitter Transfer is required, set up the PDH transmit and receive interfaces and connect PDH IN to PDH OUT. See “Setting PDH

Transmit Interface” page 2 and “Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 24.

2

If STM-1 or STM-4 Optical Jitter Transfer is required, set up the SDH transmit and receive interfaces and connect STM-1/STM-4 OUT of the

Optical module to STM-1/STM-4 IN of the Jitter Measurement module

Option A3V [A3W] or A3N [A3P]. See “Description” page 6 and

“Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 24.

If 1550 nm STM-1/4 SDH Jitter Transfer is required, a 10 dB attenuator must be connected between STM-1/4 OUT of the Optical module and

STM-1/STM-4 IN of the Jitter Measurement module Option A3V [A3W] or A3N [A3P].

3

If STM-1 Electrical Jitter Transfer is required, set up the SDH transmit and receive interfaces and connect STM-1E OUT of the SDH

107


Making Measurements


Module to STM-1E IN of the Jitter Measurement module Option A3L

[A3M] or A3V [A3W] or A3N [A3P]. See “Description” page 6 and

“Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 24.

4

Choose the NUMBER OF POINTS at which jitter is transmitted (3 to

55)

5

Choose the DWELL TIME - the time jitter is generated at each jitter frequency point (1 to 99.9 seconds).

6

Choose the DELAY TIME - the time delay between the jitter frequency/amplitude being applied and the error measurement being made. This allows the network equipment to settle as jitter frequency is changed (0 to 99.9 seconds).

7

Choose the INPUT MASK.

If SDH is chosen, the ITU-T G.958 mask can be Type A or Type B.

TYPE A masks have good jitter tolerance and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

TYPE B masks have poorer jitter tolerance but a narrower jitter transfer function and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

If 2 Mb/s or 8 Mb/s PDH is chosen, a Q Factor choice is provided. Your

Q Factor choice should match the network equipment regenerator Q

Factor.

LOW Q systems have good jitter tolerance and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

High Q systems have poorer jitter tolerance but a narrower jitter transfer function and the mask corner points are modified to compensate.

If G.823 (PDH) or G.958 (SDH) is chosen the mask frequencies and amplitudes are displayed for information purposes.

8

If INPUT MASK [USER] is chosen, choose the mask jitter frequencies,

F1, F2, F3 and F4, and mask jitter amplitudes A1 and A2.

9

Choose MODE [CALIB] and press

RUN/STOP

to start the calibration.

The Jitter Transfer display is replaced by an information display for the duration of the Calibration.

A bar graph showing the progress of the calibration will appear on the display.

When the Calibration is complete, the display will revert to the

TRANSMIT

JITTER display.

108


Making Measurements


HOW TO:

N OT E

Start the Jitter Transfer Measurement

The Jitter Transfer measurement must be started within 10 minutes of the completion of calibration.

1

After the CALIBRATION is completed, remove the back to back connection from the PDH or SDH interfaces.

If the measurement is to be made at a network equipment monitor point, choose LEVEL [MONITOR] on the PDH or SDH

RECEIVE

display before making the jitter transfer measurement.

2

Choose MODE [MEASURE] on the press

RUN/STOP

.

TRANSMIT

JITTER display and

The measurement’s progress can be monitored on the

TRANSMIT

display. At the end of the test the graph can be viewed on the

RESULTS

JITTER

display.


109

Making Measurements


HOW TO:


1

Choose the results FORMAT.

If GRAPH is chosen, a plot of the jitter transfer results against the

ITU-T mask is displayed.

If TEXT is chosen, the results from which the graph is constructed are displayed: Point number, Frequency, Mask amplitude, Jitter Gain,

Result.

If applicable, results 13 through 55 can be viewed on pages 2 through

5.

2

If GRAPH is chosen, choose the SCALE required.

WIDE provides a vertical axis range of +5 to -60 dB and is recommended for viewing the high frequency portion of the graph.

This allows a clearer view of the difference between the actual result and the ITU-T pass mask.

NARROW provides a vertical axis range of +3 to -3 dB and is recommended for viewing the low frequency portion of the graph. This allows a clearer view of the difference between the actual result and the ITU-T pass mask.

3

If you wish to log the jitter tolerance results to a printer, see “Logging

Jitter Transfer Results” page 139.

110


Making Measurements

Selecting the ATM Measurement Parameters

Description

TIP:


You need to make a number of selections which define the type of test you want to make and the cell which you want to be subject of the test.

If you wish to set the HP 37717C transmitter and Receiver to the same interface settings, choose

OTHER


. This will couple common selections, for example, interface and cell payload but will NOT couple the cell header.

HOW TO:

1

Select the signaling INTERFACE: User Network Interface

UNI

Typically used between a user and a switch in the public network, or Network Node Interface switches in the public network.

NNI

typically used between

2

Select how the cell stream to be tested is defined by setting CELL

SELECTED FOR TEST.

To specify by header VPI, select

VP

.

To specify by header VPI and VCI, select

VC

.

To specify by all of the header, select

EXPERT MODE

In addition to these choices you can select

ALL USER CELLS

UNASSIGNED CELLS

or

For OAM analysis, select

Selection of

SEGMENT

or

IDLE CELLS

VP

.

for the VP OAM or

END TO END

VC

for the VC OAM

PERFORMANCE

111


Making Measurements


MANAGEMENT is available for MEASUREMENT MODE

IN SERVICE

measurements when

VP

or

VC

is chosen.

3

Specify the CELL HEADER parameters for the test. The selections available will depend on type of CELL SELECTED FOR TEST.

4

Specify the CELL PAYLOAD. If the receiver and transmitter settings are coupled, see “Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings” page 172, the receiver setting will automatically be set to the transmitted setting.

LIVE TRAFFIC

allows In-Service testing at the ATM layer.

5

If the CELL SELECTED FOR TEST is set to

EXPERT MODE

or

ALL USER CELLS

VP

,

VC

,

, select the PEAK CELL RATE and CDV TOLERANCE for the test.

6

If OAM analysis is required, set PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT to

SEGMENT

or

END-TO-END

for Cell Loss, Cell Misinsertion and BEDC

BIP-16 measurements on the performance management OAM.

7

If PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT is set to

END-TO-END

SEGMENT

or

, enter the OAM block size. If this is unknown, select

1024 (maximum available). Selecting a block size smaller than that in use may cause PM OAM LOSS. If the OAM cells selected are not present, a status message “PM OAM LOSS alarm” will appear on the display.

112


Making Measurements

Making ATM Measurements

Description

Making ATM Measurements

Received cells, non conforming cells, HEC errors and 1pt Cell Delay

Variation are measured in-service and out-of -service. Lost cells, misinserted cells, payload errors and 2pt Cell Delay Variation are measured out-of -service. If you are measuring 2-point CDV the foreground payload must be the test cell.

N OT E

1

Set up the

RECEIVE

ATM

PHYSICAL LAYER interface, see.

2

Select

RECEIVE

ATM

ATM LAYER, see page 111.

3

If SHORT TERM results are required, use

TIMING CONTROL

RESULTS

to select the short term period.

4

You can view the ATM results on the or

SHORT TERM

display.

RESULTS

ATM CUMULATIVE


113


Making Measurements

Measuring Cell Transfer Delay and Cell Delay Variation

Description

Measuring Cell Transfer Delay and Cell Delay

Variation

Cell transfer delay may occur because of physical layer switching and propagation delay over long transmission paths. At the ATM layer, queueing and cell multiplexing may cause additional and varying delay

(CDV). CDV is accentuated when a virtual circuit is multiplexed with a highly variable traffic load or when congestion is approached in ATM switches. Delay may also be caused by traffic shaping.

Cell transfer delay and CDV should not affect data transfer applications but will affect audio and video services. For telephony and videoconferencing, the round trip delay may make communication difficult. Constant Bit Rate services require the CDV to be controlled to minimize the depth of reconstruction buffers and to minimize jitter in the service clock recovery at the receive end

HOW TO:

1

Set up the

RECEIVE

ATM

PHYSICAL LAYER interface, see

“Selecting the Physical Receive Interface for ATM payloads” page 26.

2

Set up the

RECEIVE

ATM

ATM LAYER see page 111. The CELL

PAYLOAD must be the test cell.

3

Press

RUN/STOP

to start a test.

114


Making Measurements

Measuring Cell Transfer Delay and Cell Delay Variation

4

You can view the CDV results on the display.

RESULTS

ATM CELL DELAY


115

Making Measurements

Measuring ATM Non-Conforming cells and one-point Cell Delay

Variation.

Description

HOW TO:

TIP

:

Measuring ATM Non-Conforming cells and one-point Cell Delay Variation.

ATM policing is performed using the Generic Cell Rate Algorithm

(GCRA). The HP 37717C can perform a single GCRA policing test using the Peak Cell Rate and CDV tolerance parameters. Any cell received that does not conform to the GCRA test is measured as a non-conforming cell.

If no non-conforming cells are measured, the Maximum 1-point Cell delay Variation (CDV) measurement tells you what margin of error there is. When the 1-point CDV equals the CDV tolerance, a non-conforming cell is measured. If you select CDV Tolerance DISABLED, no nonconforming cells are recorded and the maximum 1-point CDV result is the minimum value of CDV Tolerance required to ensure cell conformance.

1

Configure the receiver for ATM measurements. See "Selecting the

ATM Measurement Parameters " page 111.

2

Select the PEAK CELL RATE and CDV TOLERANCE for the test.

If you are unsure of the PEAK CELL RATE to choose, run a short test first The MEASURED AVG. CELL RATE shows the average cell rate during the test. This is the minimum suitable value for the PEAK CELL

RATE. If you select AVERAGE as the PEAK CELL RATE, the measured average value is automatically entered. The test must be stopped before the AVERAGE can be entered.

3

Press

RUN/STOP

to start a test.

4

You can view the NON-CONFORMING CELL COUNT and MAX 1-PT

CDV results on the

SHORT TERM

RESULTS

ATM CUMULATIVE

or display. MAX 1-PT CDV is only available as a

CUMULATIVE result.

116


Making Measurements

Monitoring ATM Alarms

Description


There are two indications of ATM alarm conditions, The duration of alarms during a test is shown on the alarm seconds results display and any existing alarms are shown by the front panel LED alarm indicators.


117

Making Measurements


118


4

4

Storing, Logging and Printing


Storing, Logging and Printing

Saving Graphics Results to Instrument Store

Description

Saving Graphics Results to Instrument

Store

Graphical representation of measurement results is very useful particularly during a long measurement period. It provides an overview of the results and can be printed for record keeping.

Graphics results can be stored in instrument graph storage or on floppy disk.

HOW TO:

1

Before starting your measurement, choose the GRAPH STORAGE resolution and location.

The resolution chosen affects the ZOOM capability when viewing the bar graphs. If 1 MIN is selected, 1 MIN/BAR, 15 MINS/BAR and 60

MINS/BAR are available. If 15 MINS is selected, 15 MINS/BAR and

60 MINS/BAR are available. If 1 HOUR is selected, 60 MINS/BAR is available.

The graphics results can be stored in the instrument - INTERNAL or stored on DISK. Storage to disk will use a default file name unless a file name is specified on the

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

display. See

“Saving Graphics Results to Disk” page 157.

2

Press

RUN/STOP

to start the measurement. Graphical results will be stored in the chosen location.

120



Recalling Stored Graph Results

Description


Results stored from a previous measurement can be recalled to the graphics displays for viewing and printing.

HOW TO:

1

If currently viewing the bar graph display, select

STORE STATUS

TEXT RESULTS

then

. If currently viewing the error or alarm summary, select

STORE STATUS

.

2

Using and , move the highlighted cursor to the store location which contains the required results.

If the required results are stored on Disk, move the highlighted cursor to DISK and choose RECALL GRAPHICS on the FLOPPY DISK display. See “Recalling Graphics Results from Disk” page 161.

3

Choose

GRAPH RESULTS

if you wish to view the bar graphs.

The display will change to the bar graph display of the highlighted results.

4

Choose

TEXT RESULTS

Summaries.

if you wish to view the error and alarm

The display will change to the text results display of the highlighted results.

DELETE STORE

deletes the results in the highlighted store.

121




If

DELETE ALL

is chosen, a

CONFIRM DELETE

;

ABORT DELETE

choice is provided to prevent accidental deletion of all the stored results.

The top row of the display comprises five fields:

Store

Memory location in which the displayed bar graph data is stored. Move the highlighted cursor, to the STORE location desired, using and .

Start Date

Start Time

The start date of the test, which produced the stored results.

The start time of the test, which produced the stored results.

Test Duration The duration of the test, which produced the stored results.

Store Use

The percentage (%) of the overall storage capacity occupied by each set of stored results. The TOTAL percentage used and the percentage still FREE is provided at the bottom of the STORE USE column.

122



Viewing the Bar Graph Display

Description


All the graphic results obtained during the measurement are available for viewing. Identify a period of interest and zoom in for more detailed examination.

HOW TO:

1

To view the current bar graphs, press

CHANGE UPPER

and

CHANGE LOWER

GRAPH

and use

to obtain the bar graphs required.

2

To view previously stored graphs, see "Recalling Stored Graph

Results " page 121.

3

For more detailed inspection of the bar graph, position the cursor centrally within the area of interest using , and select

ZOOM IN

to reduce the time axis to 15 MINS/BAR. This is only possible if the graphics results were stored with a STORAGE resolution of 1 SEC,1 MINS or 15 MINS.

For further reduction of the time axis to 01 MINS/BAR or 01 SECS/

BAR, position the cursor centrally within the area of interest and select

ZOOM IN

until the required time axis is obtained.

123




The top row of the display comprises three fields:

Store

Memory location in which the displayed bar graph data is stored. Store can only be changed when the status of stored results is displayed. See "Recalling Stored

Graph Results " page 121.

Zoom

Cursor

The width, in minutes, of each "bar" in the bar graph, controlled by

ZOOM IN

/

ZOOM OUT

.

The cursor position in terms of time and date, controlled by and . The cursor position changes in steps of 1 second, 1 minute, 15 minutes or 60 minutes dependent upon the ZOOM setting. The cursor is physically located between the two graphs.

124



Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries

Description

Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm

Summaries

The error and alarm summaries of the measurement chosen are displayed on the

TEXT RESULTS

display. The error summary or alarm summary can be viewed at any time.

HOW TO:

1

To view the error or alarm summary associated with the current bar graphs, press

GRAPH

then

TEXT RESULTS

.

2

To view the error or alarm summary associated with previously stored bar graphs, see "Recalling Stored Graph Results " page 121.

3

To view the Alarms which have occurred during the measurement, select

ALARM SUMMARY

. Use

NEXT SUMMARY

to view the PDH;

JITTER; ATM and SDH Alarm Summaries in turn if applicable.

4

To view the Errors which have occurred during the measurement select

ERROR SUMMARY

. Use

NEXT SUMMARY

to view the PDH;

JITTER; ATM and SDH Error Summaries in turn if applicable.

The top row of the display comprises three fields:

Store

Memory location in which the bar graphs, error summary and alarm summary are stored.

125



Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries

Start

Stop

Store can only be changed when the status of stored results is displayed. See "Recalling Stored Graph

Results " page 121.

The start time and date of the test, that produced the displayed results.

The stop time and date of the test, that produced the displayed results.

126



Logging Graph Displays

Description

Logging Graph Displays

If Option A3B or Option A3D, Remote Control, is fitted, the bar graphs and error and alarm summary can be logged to an external HP DeskJet printer at the end of the test period. If a printer is not immediately available, the graphics results remain in memory and can be logged at a later time when a printer becomes available.

HOW TO:

1

Connect an external RS-232-C HP DeskJet printer to the HP 37717C

RS232 port. See "Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer " page 134 or connect an external HP-IB HP DeskJet printer to the HP 37717C HP-

IB port. See "Logging Results to HP-IB Printer " page 132 or connect a Parallel DeskJet printer to the HP 37717C Parallel port. See

"Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer " page 131.

2

Make the required selections on the

OTHER

LOGGING

display:

LOGGING PORT [HPIB] or [RS232] or [PARALLEL] and LOGGING

[ON].

3

To log the Error and Alarm summaries, the displayed Bar graphs and the Alarm graph to the printer, choose

PRINT

on the bar graph display. To log the selected Error and Alarm summaries to the printer, choose

PRINT

on the Text Results display.

127



Logging Results

Description

Logging Results

Test Period Logging

If degradations in system performance can be observed at an early stage, then the appropriate remedial action can be taken to maximize circuit availability and avoid system crashes. Test period logging allows you to monitor the error performance of your circuit. At the end of the test period the selected results are logged. Results can be logged at regular intervals during the test period by selecting a LOGGING PERIOD of shorter duration than the test period. An instant summary of the results can be demanded by pressing

PRINT NOW

without affecting the test in progress.

Error Event Logging

Manual tracing of intermittent faults is time consuming. Error event logging allows you to carry out unattended long term monitoring of the circuit. Each occurrence of the selected error event is logged.

The results obtained during the test are retained in memory until they are overwritten by the next set of results. The results can be logged at any time during the test period and at the end of the test period. The results required are selected using

OTHER

LOGGING

LOGGING

SETUP

CONTROL

.

Any Alarm occurrence results in a timed and dated message being logged.

BER and Analysis results can be selected by the user.

Cumulative and Period versions of the results are calculated and can be selected by the user.

Period

The results obtained over a set period of time during the test. The Period is defined by the LOGGING

PERIOD selection.

Cumulative

The results obtained over the time elapsed since the start of the test.

128



Logging Results

The results can be logged to the following devices, selectable using

OTHER

LOGGING

LOGGING SETUP

DEVICE

:

•

Optional Internal printer fitted into the instrument front cover

(Option UKX)

•

External HP-IB printer (options A3B & A3D)

•

External RS-232-C printer (options A3B & A3D)

•

External Parallel Port printer (options A3B & A3D)

•

Disk Drive

HOW TO:

1

Choose LOGGING [ON] - enables the logging of results and alarms.

2

Choose LOGGING PERIOD - determines how regularly the results and alarms are logged.

USER PROGRAM provides a choice of 1 second to 99 days.

3

Choose RESULT LOGGED - allows you to log ALL results to or choose only those results you require.

4

Choose WHEN - allows you to choose to only log when the error count for the logging period is greater than 0. If the error count is 0 then the message NO BIT ERRORS is displayed.

129



Logging Results

5

Choose CONTENT - allows you a choice of error results to be logged.

Error Results, Analysis or Error and Analysis (ER & ANAL) and

Period, Cumulative or Period and Cumulative (PER & CUMUL).

If LOG ERROR SECONDS [ON] is chosen a timed and dated message is logged.

6

Choose LOG ON DEMAND allows you a choice of RESULTS

SNAPSHOT, OVERHEAD SNAPSHOT, OVERHEAD CAPTURE,

POINTER GRAPH or SDH TRIBUTARY SCAN to be logged when

PRINT NOW

is pressed.

If Option UKX, Internal Printer, is fitted,

SCREEN DUMP

is added to the menu. This allows you to log any selected display when

PRINT NOW

is pressed.

7

Choose the logging DEVICE.

If RS232 is chosen, see "Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer " page 134.

If HPIB is chosen, see "Logging Results to HP-IB Printer " page 132.

If PARALLEL is chosen, see "Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics)

Printer " page 131.

If DISK is chosen, see “Saving Data Logging to Disk” page 159.

If Option UKX, Internal Printer, is fitted and INTERNAL is chosen, see "Logging Results to Internal Printer " page 133.

130



Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer

Description

Logging Results to Parallel

(Centronics) Printer

If Option A3B or A3D, Remote Control Interface, is fitted, you can log the results and alarms to an external Parallel printer connected to the

PARALLEL port. The Parallel port provides a standard IEEE 1284-A compatible interface.

C AU T I O N

HOW TO:

Damage to the instrument may result if a serial connection is made to this port.

1

Connect the Parallel printer to the PARALLEL port. See "Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a Parallel Port " page 136.

2

If a non HP printer is connected choose ALT PRINTER.

Choose 80 character column width (NORMAL) or 40 character column width (COMPRESS) according to the capabilities of your printer.

3

Choose the LOGGING SETUP [CONTROL] settings. See "Logging

Results " page 128.

131



Logging Results to HP-IB Printer

Description

Logging Results to HP-IB Printer

If Option A3B or A3D, Remote Control Interface, is fitted, you can log the results and alarms to an external HP-IB printer connected to the HP-IB port.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Connect an HP-IB printer to the HPIB port.

Choosing HP-IB external printer for logging prevents the use of HP-IB remote control.

2


Results " page 128.

132



Logging Results to Internal Printer

Description

Logging Results to Internal Printer

If Option UKX, Internal Printer is fitted, you can log the results and alarms to the in-lid printer.

HOW TO:

1


Results " page 128.


133


Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer

Description

Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer

If Option A3B or A3D, Remote Control Interface, is fitted, you can log the results and alarms to an external RS-232-C printer connected to the

RS232 port.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Connect an RS-232-C printer to the RS232 port.

Choosing RS232 external printer for logging prevents the use of

RS-232-C remote control.

2

If a non HP printer is connected choose ALT PRINTER.


3


Results " page 128.

134



Printing Results from Disk

Description

HOW TO:

HOW TO:

Printing Results from Disk

The results and alarms you logged to Disk can be printed by removing the Disk from the HP 37717C and inserting it into a personal computer

(PC).

Print from DOS Prompt

copy/b a:\<filename> <printer name>

Print from Windows

1

Choose the required file from Filemanager.

2

Choose FILE - COPY FILE TO

<printer name>


135


Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a Parallel Port

Description

C AU T I O N

HOW TO:

Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a

Parallel Port

If Remote Control Option, A3B or A3D, is fitted, the HP 37717C has the capability of interfacing with an HP DeskJet printer or, an alternative suppliers printer, via the PARALLEL port.

Do not connect a serial printer e.g. RS-232-C or HPIB to the HP 37717C

Parallel port as this will damage the interface.

Connect the HP 37717C Parallel port to the HP DeskJet Parallel port using printer cable HP part number 24542D.

136



Logging Jitter Tolerance Results

Description


The jitter auto tolerance feature provides jitter tolerance measurements within the relevant ITU-T mask, G.823 for PDH and G.958 for SDH.

You can log the jitter auto tolerance results to a printer for record keeping purposes. If remote control option A3B or A3D is fitted, the

GRAPH version or the TEXT version of the jitter tolerance results can be logged to an external printer.

HOW TO:

1

If logging to a Parallel Port (Centronics) printer, connect the printer to the PARALLEL port. See "Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a

Parallel Port " page 136.

2

If a non-HP printer is connected choose ALT PRINTER.

3


4

If logging to an HP-IB printer, connect an HP-IB printer to the HPIB port. See "Logging Results to HP-IB Printer " page 132.

5

If logging to an RS-232-C printer, connect an RS-232-C printer to the

RS232 port. See "Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer " page 134.

6

If a non HP printer is connected, choose ALT PRINTER.

137




7


8

Choose the same baud SPEED as chosen on your printer.

9

Choose the PROTOCOL required for the transfer of logging data.

10

Choose LOGGING [ON] on the LOGGING SETUP [CONTROL] display.

11

Choose GRAPH on the

RESULTS

AUTO TOLER

log the graph to the printer.

display if you wish to

Choose TEXT and the PAGE number on the

RESULTS

AUTO TOLER

display if you wish to log the text results to the printer.

12

Press

PRINT NOW

to log the chosen results to the printer.

138



Logging Jitter Transfer Results

Description


The jitter transfer feature provides jitter transfer measurements within the relevant ITU-T mask, G.823 for SDH and G.958 for SDH.

You can log the jitter transfer results to a printer for record keeping purposes. If remote control option A3B or A3D is fitted, the GRAPH version or the TEXT version of the jitter transfer results can be logged to an external printer.

HOW TO:

1

If logging to a Parallel Port (Centronics) printer, connect the printer to the PARALLEL port. See "Connecting an HP DeskJet Printer to a

Parallel Port " page 136.

2

If a non-HP printer is connected, choose ALT PRINTER.

3


4

If logging to an HP-IB printer, connect an HP-IB printer to the HPIB port. See "Logging Results to HP-IB Printer " page 132.

5

If logging to an RS-232-C printer, connect an RS-232-C printer to the

RS232 port. See "Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer " page 134.

6

If a non HP printer is connected, choose ALT PRINTER.

139




7


8

Choose the same baud SPEED as chosen on your printer.

9

Choose the PROTOCOL required for the transfer of logging data.

10

Choose LOGGING [ON] on the LOGGING SETUP [CONTROL] display.

11

Choose GRAPH and SCALE on the

RESULTS

JITTER TN FUNCTION

display if you wish to log the graph to the printer.

Choose TEXT and the PAGE number on the

TN FUNCTION

RESULTS

JITTER

display if you wish to log the text results to the printer.

12

Press

PRINT NOW

to log the chosen results to the printer.

140



Changing Internal Printer Paper

Description

WA R N I N G

HOW TO:


The printer accepts rolls of thermal paper with the following dimensions:

Width:

216 mm (8.5 in) or 210 mm (8.27 in)

(A4) tolerance +2.0 mm - 1.0 mm

Maximum Outside Diameter:

40 mm

Inside Core Diameter:

Between 12.5 mm and 13.2 mm

Suitable rolls of paper are available from Hewlett Packard, Part Number

9270-1360.

The paper tear-off edge is SHARP. This edge is exposed when the printer cover is raised. Note the

!

CAUTION SHARP EDGE label on the cover.

1

Raise the two locking tabs on the sides of the printer cover and then raise the cover.

2

Raise the printer mechanism front cover. This releases the paper drive. Remove any remaining paper from the front (in the normal direction of operation).

3

Lift out the spindle. Adjust the paper width adaptor to the width of the paper being used.

141


N OT E



4

Put the paper roll on the spindle such that the sensitive side will be on the underside of the print mechanism. Ensure that the relocation of the spindle locks the blue width adaptor in position.

The paper must be installed such that when it is in the print mechanism, the sensitive side (slightly shiny) is the underside.

The illustrations here show the correct fitting for HP 9270-1360 paper which has the sensitive side on the outside of the roll.

5

Feed the paper into the upper entry of the print mechanism. When the front cover of the print mechanism is closed, the printer should automatically feed the paper through until there is approximately 2.5

cm (1 in) clear at the front of the print mechanism.

Align paper with the leftmost edge of the printer mechanism slot

C AU T I O N

INSERT PAPER

Do not close the outer cover until the automatic paper feed is complete.

142




6

If the printer paper is incorrectly aligned, raise the printer mechanism front cover to releases the paper drive and realign the paper.

LIFT TO ADJUST PAPER ALIGNMENT


143


Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head

Description

WA R N I N G

HOW TO:

N OT E

Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head

The print head should be cleaned when broken or light characters occur in a vertical line on the page. To maintain a high quality print, clean the print head after 200 to 300 prints.

The print head is cleaned with a special cleaning paper which is supplied with the instrument.

The paper tear-off edge is SHARP. This edge is exposed when the printer cover is raised. Note the

!

CAUTION SHARP EDGE label on the cover.

1

Open the printer as for changing the paper. See "Changing Internal

Printer Paper " page 141.

If printer paper is fitted, remove it from the printer.

2

Feed the cleaning paper into the top entry of the print mechanism with the rough black side, which contains the cleaning material, towards the rear of the printer.

3

When the automatic feed is complete and the paper stops moving use the instrument front panel key

PAPER FEED

to move the cleaning paper through the print mechanism.

4

Remove the cleaning paper and replace the normal printer paper. See

"Changing Internal Printer Paper " page 141.

Retain the cleaning paper. It is designed to last for the life of the printer.

144


5

5

Using Instrument and Disk Storage


Using Instrument and Disk Storage

Storing Configurations in Instrument Store

Description

Storing Configurations in Instrument

Store

You can store measurement settings which are used regularly and recall them with a single operation.

One preset store is provided which cannot be overwritten, STORED

SETTING NUMBER [0]. This store is used to set the instrument to a known state, the FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS.

HOW TO:

1

Set the instrument to the configuration you wish to store. (

TRANSMIT

,

RECEIVE

,

OTHER

,

RESULTS

displays)

2

Choose the STORED SETTING NUMBER to receive the configuration.

3

Choose LOCK [OFF].

4

To add a descriptive title see "Setting up a Title for Configurations in

Instrument Store " page 148.

5

Choose SAVE to store the configuration in the chosen store.

146



Storing Current Configurations on Disk

Description

Storing Current Configurations on Disk

You can store a large number of measurement settings which are used regularly and recall them when required.

Configurations can be stored to a file on the floppy disk. The floppy disk can be used in other instruments.

HOW TO:

1

Set the HP 37717C to the configuration you wish to store. (

TRANSMIT

,

RECEIVE

,

OTHER

,

RESULTS

displays)

2

Choose DISK OPERATION [SAVE], FILE TYPE [CONFIGURATION] and enter the filename. See "Managing Files and Directories on Disk

" page 152.

The filename extension is fixed as.CNF.

The filename can contain up to 8 alphanumeric characters.

3

Choose

OK

to save the current configuration to disk.

If you have entered a filename which already exists, a warning "File exists - are you sure you wish to continue" is displayed.

If YES is selected, the configuration will be saved.

To cancel, change OK to OFF and enter new filename. See "Managing

Files and Directories on Disk " page 152.

147



Setting up a Title for Configurations in Instrument Store

Description

Setting up a Title for Configurations in

Instrument Store

When storing configurations, you can give them an easily remembered title for identification at a later date.

HOW TO:

1

Choose the STORED SETTING NUMBER which contains the stored configuration.

2

Choose LOCK [OFF].

3

The easiest method of titling is to use the pop-up menu available with

SET

.

Alternatively use

JUMP

;

NEXT CHAR

;

PREVIOUS CHAR

; and

to title the settings.

148



Recalling Configurations from Instrument Store

Description

Recalling Configurations from


Having stored a configuration for future use, you must be able to recall that configuration in the future.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Choose the STORED SETTING NUMBER which contains the stored configuration.

2

Choose ACTION

RECALL

to recall the stored configuration.

The recall operation can be verified by checking the relevant display settings.

LOCK can be set to [ON] or [OFF].


149


Formatting a Disk

Description

Formatting a Disk

Only 1.44M, MS-DOS compatible disks can be used in the HP 37717C.

Any other format or capacity will result in a disk access error being displayed.

N OT E

HOW TO:

Disks can be formatted in an IBM compatible PC (1.44M, MS-DOS only) but it is recommended that the disk is formatted in the HP 37717C as this will ensure full compatibility with the Floppy Disk power fail recovery included in the HP 37717C.

1

Choose DISK OPERATION [DISK] [FORMAT].

2

Insert the Disk into the Disk drive.

3

Choose

OK

to Format the disk.

A warning that this operation will erase all data is displayed and asks

“do you wish to continue”.

If YES is selected, all the data on the Disk will be erased and the disk will be formatted.

If NO is selected, the operation is aborted. This allows you to view the data on the Disk and verify that it is no longer needed.

150



Labeling a Disk

Description

Labeling a Disk

You can label your disks for ease of identification.

MY DISK

HOW TO:

1

Choose DISK OPERATION [DISK] [LABEL].

2

Enter the label. The easiest method of labeling is to use the pop-up menu available with

SET

. See "Managing Files and Directories on

Disk " page 152.

Alternatively use

JUMP

;

NEXT CHAR

;

PREVIOUS CHAR

;

to label the Disk.

and

3

Choose

OK

to confirm the label is correct.

The label is displayed at the bottom of the display to confirm the operation has taken place.


151


Managing Files and Directories on Disk

Description

N OT E


File and Directory structures can be important in speeding up the transfer of data between the instrument and the disk drive.

It is recommended that you create different directories for the different applications, for example:

A:\GRAPHICS

A:\LOGGING

A:\CONFIG

As the number of files in a directory increases, filename access via the pop-up menu becomes progressively slower.

File and Directory names, File descriptors, Instrument Store

Descriptors and Disk labels, can be entered in two ways:

•

Pop-Up File List and File Name Menus

•

By Softkey Entry

152


HOW TO:



Enter Using Pop-Up File List and File Name Menus

To view a directory:

1

Set DISK OPERATION to

SAVE

or

RECALL

.

2

Set FILE TYPE to the type of directory,

DATA LOGGING

or

SCREEN DUMP

.

3

move the cursor to the NAME field and press

SET

.

,

Move the highlighted cursor up and down the display using and .

•

Title Bar - File types displayed and current directory. (cannot be highlighted).

•

. \ - Current Directory.

•

. \ - Parent directory. Move highlighted cursor to this line and press

SET

to move to parent directory.

•

PDH1.SMG - File (with named extension) in current directory. Move highlighted cursor to this line and press

SET

to select the file. The display will return to the FLOPPY DISK display and the selected file name will appear in the FILE NAME field.

•

NEXT - Move highlighted cursor to this line and press the next page of file names.

SET

to access

•

PREV - Move highlighted cursor to this line and press the previous page of file names.

SET

to access

•

NEW. - Allows entry of new file name using pop-up keypad. Press to obtain the pop-up keypad display.

SET

153




4

Use to move across the rows and the columns.

to move up and down

5

Choose the character required and press filename is entered.

SET

. Repeat until the

6

Choose END and press

SET

to return to the file manager display.

7

Press

CANCEL

to return to the SAVE display.

The filename entered via the keypad appears on the SAVE display.

The file extension.SMG has been added automatically.

The Directory name and the disk Label appear at the bottom of the display.

The Pop-Up keypad display can also be used to enter file and directory names, File descriptors, Instrument Store Descriptors and Disk labels.

154




Move the highlighted cursor to the enter field and press the pop-up keypad display

SET

to obtain

GRAPHICS

MY DISK

HOW TO:

Enter Using Softkey

1

Use the

PREVIOUS CHAR NEXT CHAR

softkeys.

This method is limited to entering Disk labels, file descriptors, file names, or a directory name when creating a directory. It cannot be used to navigate through the directory structure.

This provides a quick method if the new filename is similar to the filename currently displayed, for example:

Filename displayed PDH1 and new filename required is PDH2 - use

to move the cursor to the 1 and press

NEXT CHAR

.


155


Adding Descriptors to Disk Files

Description

Adding Descriptors to Disk Files

When storing configurations or graphics on disk, you can give them an easily remembered descriptor for identification at a later date.

Descriptors can be added to .CNF and .SMG files.

HOW TO:

N OT E

1

Choose DISK OPERATION [FILE] [PROPERTIES] and DISPLAY

OPTION [FILE DESCRIPTOR].

2

Move the highlighted cursor to the FILE NAME DESCRIPTOR field.

Enter the file descriptor using the Pop-Up or Softkey methods. See

"Managing Files and Directories on Disk " page 152.

The "File List" pop-up will show the descriptor instead of the TIME and DATE information as long as FILE DESCRIPTOR is selected.

This slows down the updating of the display.

156



Saving Graphics Results to Disk

Description


Graphics results can be saved to a file on disk. Two methods of naming the file, which is created when the measurement is started, are available:

Automatic

A filename in the form meas001 is created automatically without any action from you.

Your Choice

You can input a filename of your choice which will override the automatically generated filename. This must be entered before the measurement is started. If the filename you enter already exists, graphics results will be saved to the automatically generated filename.

This prevents existing files from being overwritten each time the measurement is started.

HOW TO:

1

Choose GRAPH STORAGE [DISK] and the Graph Storage resolution required on the

RESULTS

display. See “Saving Graphics Results to

Instrument Store” page 120.

If you wish to use the automatically generated filename no further action is required and the graphics results will be saved on Disk when the measurement is started.

157




2

If you wish to enter your own choice of filename, choose DISK

OPERATION [SAVE], FILE TYPE [GRAPHICS] on the

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

display.

3

Move the highlighted cursor to NAME and enter the filename (up to 8 alphanumeric characters) using the Pop-Up or softkey methods. The filename extension is fixed as .SMG. See "Managing Files and

Directories on Disk " page 152.

The graphics results will be saved on Disk while the measurement is in progress.

158



Saving Data Logging to Disk

Description

Saving Data Logging to Disk

Data Logging can be saved to a file on disk. The disk can be transferred to a personal computer (PC) and the logging investigated at a later date.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [SAVE] FILE TYPE

[DATA LOGGING]

]

and enter your choice of filename. See "Managing



The filename extension is fixed as .PRN.

2

If you wish to add the data logging to a file which already exists, choose

APPEND TO FILE. The data logging is added to the named file on

Disk in the available free space.

If you wish to overwrite the contents of the named file with the data logging, choose OVERWRITE.

3

Set up the page 128.

OTHER LOGGING

display. See “Logging Results”

When the named file is opened, data logging is saved on the disk:

•

As each logging output occurs during the measurement or

•

PRINT NOW

is pressed.

159



Recalling Configuration from Disk

Description

Recalling Configuration from Disk

If a configuration has been stored on disk, you will need to recall it at some time in the future to configure the instrument.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [RECALL] FILE TYPE

[CONFIGURATION] and enter your choice of filename. See "Managing



The filename extension is fixed as .CNF.

2

To recall the configuration from disk to instrument, choose

OK

.

The recall operation can be verified by checking the relevant display settings.

160



Recalling Graphics Results from Disk

Description

Recalling Graphics Results from Disk

If graphic results have been stored on disk, you will need to recall them in able to view the results on the

GRAPH

. display.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [RECALL] FILE TYPE

[GRAPHICS]

]

and enter your choice of filename. See "Managing Files and Directories on Disk " page 152.


The filename extension is fixed as .SMG.

2

To recall the graphics results from disk to instrument, choose

OK

.

3

To view the graphics results, see “Recalling Stored Graph Results” page 121.


161


Copying Configuration from Instrument Store to Disk

Description

Copying Configuration from

Instrument Store to Disk

If you have a configuration stored in the instrument store that you wish to use on another instrument, you can copy it to disk. The configuration can then be downloaded from the disk in to another HP 37717C with

the same options as the original instrument.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [FILE] [COPY]

[CONFIGURATION] and enter the Instrument Store number.

The description which was displayed on the

OTHER

STORED SETTINGS

display appears alongside the store number.

If required the description can be modified using

JUMP NEXT CHAR

PREVIOUS CHAR

softkeys.

2

Enter the filename the configuration is to be copied to. See "Managing


The file name can contain up to 8 alphanumeric characters.

The filename extension is fixed as.CNF.

3

To copy the configuration from instrument to Disk choose

OK

.

If you have entered a filename which already exists, a warning "File exists - are you sure" you wish to continue is displayed.

If YES is selected, the data on the Disk will be overwritten.

If NO is selected, the operation is aborted.

162



Copying Configuration from Disk to Instrument Store

Description

Copying Configuration from Disk to


If you have a configuration stored in the instrument store that you wish to use on another instrument, you can copy it to Disk. The configuration can then be downloaded from the disk in another HP 37717C with the

same options as the original instrument.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,


[CONFIGURATION] and enter the Instrument Store number.

If you wish you can enter a description of the configuration. See


The description can contain up to 24 alphanumeric characters.

2

Enter the filename the configuration is to be copied from. See



The filename extension is fixed as .CNF.

3

To copy the configuration from Disk to instrument, choose

OK

.

If you have entered a instrument store number which already contains a configuration, a warning "Are you sure you wish to continue" is displayed.

If YES is selected, the data in the instrument store will be overwritten.


163



Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk

Description

Copying Graphics Results from

Instrument Store to Disk

You can copy Graphics Results from the instrument store to the Disk.

This is useful under the following conditions:

•

If you have graphics results stored in the instrument that you wish to prevent from being overwritten by a future measurement (only 10 store locations in the instrument)

•

If you wish to retrieve the graphics results for viewing via a spreadsheet.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,


[GRAPHICS] and enter the Instrument Store number.

2

Enter the filename the graphic results are to be copied from. See



The filename extension is fixed as .SMG.

3

If you wish to view the graphic results at a later date via a spreadsheet, choose FORMAT [CSV]. CSV is Comma Separated

Variable.

164



Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk

4

If you wish to view the graphic results at a later date on an HP 3771C, choose FORMAT [NORMAL] .

5

To copy the configuration from instrument to Disk, choose

OK

.

If you have entered a filename which already exists, a warning "File exists - are you sure you wish to continue" is displayed.

If YES is selected, the data on the Disk will be overwritten.


This allows you the opportunity to view the data on the Disk and verify that it is no longer needed.


165


Deleting a File on Disk

Description

Deleting a File on Disk

Obsolete files can be deleted as an aid to efficient file management.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [FILE] [DELETE]

[DELETE FILE] and enter the filename to be deleted. See "Managing


The file name can contain up to 12 alphanumeric characters, including the filename extension.

2

To delete the file choose

OK

.

A warning "Are you sure you wish to continue" is displayed.

If YES is selected, the file is deleted.


This prevents accidental deletion of a wanted file.

166



Deleting a Directory on Disk

Description

Deleting a Directory on Disk

Obsolete Directories can be deleted as an aid to efficient file management.

N OT E

HOW TO:

A directory cannot be deleted until all the files within the directory have been deleted.

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

[DELETE DIRECTORY] .

,

DISK OPERATION [FILE] [DELETE]

2

If files need to be deleted to prepare the directory for deletion, see

"Deleting a File on Disk " page 166.

3

Choose the directory you wish to delete (it will appear on the display).

See "Managing Files and Directories on Disk " page 152.

4

To delete the directory choose

OK

.

A warning "Are you sure you wish to continue" is displayed.

If YES is selected, the directory is deleted.


This prevents accidental deletion of a wanted directory.

167



Renaming a File on Disk

Description

Renaming a File on Disk

Files can be renamed as an aid to efficient file management.

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [FILE]

[RENAME] and enter the FROM filename. See "Managing Files and


The filename, with extension, can contain up to 12 alphanumeric characters.

2

Choose the directory in which to locate the renamed file (it will appear on the display). See "Managing Files and Directories on Disk " page 152.

3

Enter the TO filename. See "Managing Files and Directories on Disk

" page 152.


The file extension is fixed to the FROM filename extension.

4

To rename the file choose

OK

.

If you have entered a filename which already exists, a warning "File exists - are you sure" you wish to continue is displayed.

If YES is selected, the data in the file will be overwritten. If NO is selected, the operation is aborted.

This allows you the opportunity to verify before renaming.

168



Creating a Directory on Disk

Description


Directories can be created as an aid to efficient file management.

ATM

CONFIG

HOW TO:

1

Choose

OTHER

FLOPPY DISK

,

DISK OPERATION [FILE] [CREATE

DIRECTORY] and enter the directory name. See "Managing Files and


The directory name can contain up to 8 alphanumeric characters.

2

To create the directory choose

OK

.

This will create a sub directory of the directory displayed at the bottom of the display. In this example A:\CONFIG\ATM will be created.


169



170


6

6

Selecting and Using "Other" Features


Selecting and Using "Other" Features

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings

Description

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings

When generating and measuring at the same interface level, you can have the transmit and receive settings coupled together. Any settings change made on the transmit display will automatically occur on the receive display. Any settings change made on the receive display will automatically occur on the transmit display.

This function is available on the

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL

display.

172



Suspending Test on Signal Loss

Suspending Test on Signal Loss

When running a test, you can choose to suspend the test during periods of signal loss.

1

Select SUSPEND TEST ON SIGNAL LOSS [ON].


173


Setting Time & Date

Description

Setting Time & Date

When making Bit error measurements and recording results you can have certain events timed chronologically, for example, Alarms; Error

Seconds.

The capability to set the Time and Date is provided on the display under the TIME & DATE function.

OTHER

HOW TO:

1

Choose CLOCK MODE [SETUP] and set the Time and Date using the pop-up menu displayed with

; ; ;

SET

INCREASE DIGIT

or the softkey method using

and

DECREASE DIGIT

.

;

2

Choose CLOCK MODE [RUN] to complete the setting of Time and

Date.

174



Enabling Keyboard Lock

Description

Enabling Keyboard Lock

You can protect the measurement settings from interference during a test. This facility is provided in the HP 37717C on the

OTHER

MISCELLANEOUS

display.

The following keys are not affected by Keyboard Lock:

•

Display keys

TRANSMIT

;

RECEIVE

;

RESULTS

;

GRAPH

;

OTHER

•

•

cursor keys

SHOW HISTORY

and

•

PAPER FEED

The following display functions are not affected by Keyboard Lock:

•

RESULTS type on the

RESULTS

display

•

KEYBOARD LOCK on the

OTHER

display


175


Enabling Beep on Received Error

Description

Enabling Beep on Received Error

You can have an audible indication of an error which is particularly useful when the display on the test set is hidden from view. This function is provided in the HP 37717C on the

OTHER

MISCELLANEOUS

display.

176



Enabling Analysis Control

Description

Enabling Analysis Control

When Option UKK, Unstructured PDH, is fitted, the HP 37717C allows a choice of Analysis results when testing and this choice is selected under

ANALYSIS DISPLAY MODE.

This function is provided on the

OTHER MISCELLANEOUS

display.


177


Setting Error Threshold Indication

Description

Setting Error Threshold Indication

When making error measurements, you can have an indication of when an error count or error ratio threshold has been exceeded. You can set the

HP 37717C to indicate this by a color change of the bar on the display and the result on the

RESULTS

display.

GRAPH

You can choose the thresholds at which the color change (from yellow to red) occurs on the

OTHER

COLOR CONTROL

display.

The Count and Ratio selections are independent.

HOW TO:

1

Choose COLOR ENHANCE RESULTS [ON].

2

Choose the COUNT THRESHOLD and RATIO THRESHOLD.

178



Dumping Display to Disk

Description


The display may be “dumped” to a disk file using the “SCREEN DUMP” feature. When the logging control and floppy disk are set up for screen dump, the current display is dumped to disk with

PRINT NOW

.

1

Select

OTHER

,

LOGGING

[CONTROL].

and set LOGGING SETUP to

2

Set LOG ON DEMAND to [SCREEN DUMP].

3

If compression is required to save disk space, select BITMAP

COMPRESSION (RLE) [ON] .

4

Select

.

OTHER

,

FLOPPY DISK

and set DISK OPERATION to [SAVE]

179


N OT E



5

Set FILE TYPE to [SCREEN DUMP].

6

Enter the file name of your choice in NAME.

Note that a screen dump file name can have a maximum of 8 characters with a fixed.BMP suffix, indicating a bitmap format.

The file name must satisfy DOS requirements, that is, there must be no spaces or other illegal characters. If you do not provide a file name for the screen dump, it will result in a filename being auto generated. The auto generated file name format is:

‘SDUMPxxx.BMP’

where ‘xxx’ is a numeric value in the range ‘001’ to ‘999’.

7

Select the display you want to dump to disk.

8

To start the screen dump press the

PRINT NOW

key.

180



Setting Screen Brightness and Color

Description

Setting Screen Brightness and Color

The HP 37717C screen can be set to single or two color using the COLOR

PALETTE selection on the

OTHER

,

COLOR CONTROL

display.

The screen brightness can be set to full or half brightness. This allows the half brightness setting to be used either to prolong the life of the screen or when the room brightness is such that half brightness is more desirable.

If the brightness is set to FULL and there have been no key presses in the last hour, then the screen automatically dims to the half brightness level and the status message “Display set to half brightness” is shown.

Any key press will return the screen to full brightness.


181


Running Self Test

Description


Before using the HP 37717C to make measurements, you can run Self

Test ALL TESTS to ascertain the integrity of the HP 37717C. These tests take between 15 minutes and 1 hour to complete depending on the options fitted.

HOW TO:

1

Set up the

SELF TEST

OTHER

display as shown above using

OTHER

,

MORE

and

2

Insert a formatted disk into the instrument disk drive.

3

Make the required loopback connections.

The loopback connections required depend on the TEST TYPE selection.

The following loopback connections are for the ALL TESTS selection.

PDH Loopbacks:

Connect 75

Ω

Signal In to 75

Ω

Signal Out.

Connect 120

Ω

Signal In to 120

Ω

Signal Out.

If Option UKJ or 110 is fitted, connect MUX port to DEMUX port.

182


C AU T I O N

N OT E

N OT E



If Option UH3 is fitted, connect Clock Out to Clock In and Data Out to

Data In.

SDH Loopbacks:

Connect the STM-1 IN port to the STM-1 OUT port.

Optical Interface Loopbacks:

Connect the IN port to the OUT Port.

If Option URU, STM-1/STM-4 Optical Interface, is fitted, connect an

Optical attenuator, set to 10 dB, between the IN and OUT Ports. Failure

to attenuate the optical signal from option URU could result in damage to the optical receiver.

If Option USN, UKT or 130, Dual Wavelength Optical Interface, is fitted, connect the 1310 nm OUT port to the IN port. Do not connect the 1550

nm OUT port to the IN port.

If any or all of these connections are not made the HP 37717C will FAIL

Self Test.

4

Press

RUN/STOP

to activate the Self Test. TEST STATUS

[RUNNING] will be displayed.

The information pertaining to TEST TYPE, TEST NUMBER and

SUBTEST NUMBER will change as the Self Test progresses.

If the HP 37717C is functioning correctly, after a time of between 15 minutes and 1 hour, TEST STATUS [PASSED] is displayed.

If TEST STATUS [FAIL nnn] is displayed, the HP 37717C should be returned to a service office for repair.

FAIL Error Numbers are listed and defined in the Self Test Error

Codes manual (part number 37717-90412).

183




Additional Tests

Some options require additional tests to be carried out to completely verify the option integrity. These require different connections and the tests run individually.

RS-232-C Tests:

If Option A3B or A3D is fitted, the RS-232-C interface is not fully tested.

To fully test RS-232-C:

1

Choose CPU TESTS.

2

Fit a special RS-232 connector with looping links as shown:

3

Run the CPU TESTS.

Line Jitter Tests:

If Option A3L, A3V, A3N, A1M, A1N or A1P, SDH Line Jitter, is fitted, the full set of jitter tests are not included under ALL TESTS.

To fully test SDH Line Jitter:

1

Choose JITTER TESTS.

2

Connect STM-1 OUT from the SDH module to STM-1E IN on the RX

Jitter module.

3

For Options A1N and A1P only connect STM-1/STM-4 OUT on the

Optical Module to STM-1/STM-4 IN on the RX Jitter module.

4

Run the JITTER TESTS.

1550 nm Dual Wavelength Tests:

If Option USN, Dual Wavelength Optical Interface, is fitted, the 1550 nm tests are not included under ALL TESTS.

To complete the 1550 nm tests:

1

Choose STM-1/STM-4 OPTICS TESTS.

184

o o o o

9 6




2

Connect STM-1/STM-4 1550 nm OUT to STM-1/STM-4 1550 nm IN via an Optical Attenuator set to 10 dB.

3

Run the STM-1/STM-4 OPTICS TESTS.

Datacomm Tests:

If Option A1T[A1U] or A3R [A3S], SDH Module, is fitted, the Datacomm

RS449 port is not tested under ALL TESTS

To test the Datacomm port:

1

Choose SDH TESTS.

2

Make the following connections on the Datacomm port.

3

Run the SDH TESTS.

Self Test Error Codes

Please refer to the Self Test Error Codes Reference Manual for a list of error codes (part number 37717-90412).


185



186


Appendix A

7

AU-3/TUG-3 Background

Patterns

The following tables list the background patterns available when selecting specific foregrounds.


AU-3/TUG-3 Background Patterns

Table 2

Foreground

AU-3 Background Patterns

Background choice in

Foreground AU-3

Background choice in other

AU-3s

AU-3

TU-2

TU-12 (2 Mb/s)

Unframed

--------TU-11, TU-12 Mapping or AU-3

Word (8 bit user programmable word).

Pattern in other TU-2s is numbered. They contain the word 11NNNNNx, where NNNNN is the binary number of the TU.

TU-11, TU-12 Mapping or AU-3


TU-12 structure, unframed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS or 1100 word pattern in all information bits.



TU-12 (2 Mb/s) Framed TU-12 structure, framed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS, NUMBERED or 1100 word pattern. In

Numbered mode, each timeslot contains the pattern 0NNNNNNX where NNNNNN is the binary number of the TU. The least significant digit (X) is alternated between 0 and 1 in successive frames.



TU-11 (DS1) Unframed TU-11 structure, D4 framed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS or 1100 Word pattern in other TU-11s.



TU-11 (DS1) Framed TU-11 structure, DS1, D4 framed with 2E15-1,

2E9-1 PRBS, NUMBERED or 1100 word pattern in other TU-11s.

In Numbered mode, each timeslot contains the pattern 1NNNNNN1 where NNNNNN is the binary number of the TU. Framing type will be the same as the foreground except when SLC96 is selected. In this case, D4 framing is inserted in the background



188



Table 3

Foreground

TUG-3 Background Patterns

Background choice in

Foreground TUG-3

Background choice in other

TUG-3s

TUG-3

TU-2

TU-12 (2 Mb/s)

Unframed

--------TU-11, TU-12 Mapping or TU-3


Pattern in other TU-2s is numbered. They contain the word 11NNNNNx, where

NNNNN is the binary number of the TU.

TU-12 structure, unframed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS or 1100 word pattern in all information bits.

TU-12, TU-11 Mapping or TU-3


TU-12 (2 Mb/s) Framed TU-12 structure, framed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS, NUMBERED or 1100 word pattern. In

Numbered mode, each timeslot contains the pattern 0NNNNNNX where NNNNNN is the binary number of the TU. The least significant digit (X) is alternated between 0 and 1 in successive frames.



TU-11 (DS1) Unframed TU-11 structure, D4 framed DS1 with 2E15-1,

2E9-1 PRBS or 1100 Word pattern in other TU-

11s.



TU-11 (DS1) Framed TU-11 structure, framed with 2E15-1, 2E9-1

PRBS, NUMBERED or 1100 word pattern in other TU-11s.

In Numbered mode, each timeslot contains the pattern 1NNNNNN1 where NNNNNN is the binary number of the TU. Framing type will be the same as the foreground except when SLC96 is selected. In this case, D4 framing is inserted in the background



189



190


Appendix B

8

ETSI/ANSI Terminology

A table of ETSI terms with their ANSI equivalents.


ETSI/ANSI Terminology

ETSI/ANSI Conversion and Equivalent Terms


Introduction

The terminology used on the instrument display can be ETSI (SDH) or ANSI

(SONET) terminology. Refer to the table given in this appendix for an explanation of equivalent SDH/SONET terms.

ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

ANSI: American National Standards Institute.

192

Table 4 ETSI / ANSI Terminology

ETSI Term

AU-3

AU-4

BIP (Bit Interleaved parity)

High Order Path (HP / HO)

I-n Intra Office, (n=STM-n level)

L-n.1 or L-n.2 long haul

Low Order Path (LP / LO)

LP-REI

M.S.P

Multiplexer Section (MS)

Multiplexer Section Protection

MS-AIS

MS-BIP

MS-DCC

ANSI Term

STS-1 SPE + H1, H2, H3

STS-3c SPE + H1, H2, H3

CV (Code Violation)

STS Path

Intermediate Reach (IR)

LR long reach

VT Path

REI-V

A.P.S

Line

Automatic Protection Switching

Line AIS / AIS-L

Line CV / CV-L

Line DCC / DCC-L




Table 4

ETSI Term

MS-REI

MS-RDI

Multiplexer Section Overhead

Network Node Interface

OOF

Path AIS / AU-AIS

Path REI / HP REI

Path FERF / HP RDI

Path IEC / AU-IEC

Path Overhead

Regenerator

Regenerator Section (RS)

Regenerator Section Overhead

Remote Alarm Indicator

RS-DCC

Section Overhead (SOH)

S-n.1 or S-n.2 short haul

SOH

STM-m

STM-0

STM-1

STM-4

STM-16

ETSI / ANSI Terminology , continued

ANSI Term

Line FEBE / REI-L

Line FERF / RDI-L

Line Overhead

Line Interface

SEF (severely errored frame defect)

AIS-P

REI-P

RDI-P

IEC-P

Path Overhead

Repeater

Section

Section Overhead

RAI

Section DCC (DCC-S)

Transport Overhead (TOH)

Short Reach (SR)

TOH

OC-n / STS-n (where m= n

÷

3 for m

≥

1

STS-1

OC3c / STS-3c

OC-12 / STS-12

OC-48 / STS-48

193




Table 4

ETSI Term

Tributary Unit (TU)

TU

TU-11

TU-12

TU-2

TU-3

TU BIP

TU RDI / LP-RDI

TUG

TUG2

TUG3

TU multiframe

TU PATH AIS

VC

VC4

Virtual Container (VC)

ETSI / ANSI Terminology , continued

ANSI Term

Virtual Tributary (VT)

VT

VT 1.5

VT 2

VT 6

NONE

VT BIP (CV-V)

RDI-V

VT Group

VT Group (12 columns)

VT Group (86 columns)

VT superframe

VT AIS (AIS-V)

SPE

STS3C SPE

Synchronous Payload Envelope (SPE)

NOTE: VC is an ETSI abbreviation for Virtual Container and an ETSI /

ANSI abbreviation for (ATM) Virtual Channel. The context of VC must therefore be taken into account when converting between standards.

194


Index

A

Alarm monitoring, ATM, 117

Alarm scan

PDH, 102

SDH, 101

Alarms & errors

ATM add, 66

PDH add, 61

PDH payload add, 61

SDH add, 60

Analysis control, 177 display mode, 177 measurement PDH, 85 measurement PDH payload, 85 measurement SDH, 84

Analysis UPDH type selection, 177

APS messages, 79 generation, 79 monitoring, 31 test function, 79

ATM alarm monitoring, 117

ATM Cell Delay Variation, 116

ATM measurements, making, 113

ATM Non-Conforming cells, 116

ATM payloads physical receive interface selection, 26 physical transmit interface selection, 13 receive selection, 112 transmit selection, 57

AU-3 Background Patterns, 188

Automatic protection switch message generation, 79

Autosetup, 17

Autotolerance, 103

B

B/G mapping selection SDH, 7

B/G payload selection ATM transmit, 57

Background mapping selection SDH, 7

Background Patterns, 188

Background payload selection

ATM transmit, 57

Beep on received error, 176

Binary interface receive PDH, 21 receive SDH, 22 transmit PDH, 4 transmit SDH, 6

C

Capture overhead, 35

Cell delay variation measurement, ATM,

114

Cell misinsertion and loss payload selection, 57

Cell transfer delay measurement, ATM,

114

Centronics printer, 131

Color control for error threshold indication, 178

Configuration copy from disk to instrument, 163 copy from instrument to disk, 162 recall from disk, 160 recall from instrument, 149 store in instrument, 146 store on disk, 147 title in instrument, 148

Copy configuration from disk to instrument, 163 from instrument to disk, 162

Coupling, 172

Create directory, 169

Cross cell

ATM Transmit, selection and use, 57

D

Date & time, 174

DCC drop, 80 insert, 80

DCC Insert test function, 80

Delay measurement payload selection, 57

Delay time, jitter tolerance, 104

Delete directory, 167 file, 166

Directory create, 169 delete, 167 management, 152

Disk adding descriptors to files, 156 copy configuration from instrument, 162 copy configuration to instrument, 163 copy graphics results from instrument,

164 create directory, 169 data entry using pop-up file list, 153 data entry using softkeys, 155 delete directory, 167 delete file, 166 format a disk, 150 label a disk, 151 managing directories, 152 managing files, 152 recall configuration, 160 recall graphics results, 161 rename a file, 168 save data logging, 159 save graphics results, 157

Drop

DCC, 80 external payload/test signal, 55

Dumping Display to Disk, 179

Dwell time, jitter tolerance, 104

E

Error Burst Definition

Service Disruption, 98

Error Indication

Audio setting, 176

Error threshold indication setting, 178

Error threshold, jitter tolerance, 104

Errors & alarms

ATM add, 66

PDH add, 61

PDH payload add, 61

SDH add, 60

Errors and alarms ATM test function, 66

Errors and alarms PDH test function, 61

Errors and alarms SDH test function, 60

Expert mode ATM header selection, 111

External payload/test signal drop, 55 payload/test signal insert, 52

External printer

F

connecting to parallel port, 136

F/G mapping selection SDH, 7

195


Index

F/G payload selection ATM, 57

File delete, 166 descriptors, 156 management, 152 rename, 168

Foreground mapping selection SDH, 7

Foreground selection

ATM, 57

Format a disk, 150

Frequency measurement, 91

Frequency offset

PDH, 39

SDH, 37

SDH line rate, 37

SDH tributary, 37

G

G.821 analysis measurement, 85

G.821/M.2100 analysis selection, 177

G.826 analysis measurement, 85

Graphics copy results from instrument to disk, 164 logging displays, 127 recall results from disk, 161 recall stored results, 121 saving results to disk, 157 saving to instrument, 120 storage resolution, 120 viewing error & alarm summaries, 125 viewing the bar graphs, 123

H

HP path label monitoring, 31

HP-IB printer, 132

I

Insert

DCC, 80 external payload/test signal, 52

Interface selection UNI/NNi, 111

Internal printer change paper, 141 logging, 133 print head cleaning, 144

J

J1, J2 and H4 overhead byte setting, 29

Jitter measurement, 87 receive interface, 24 transmit interface, 9

Jitter tolerance delay time, 104 dwell time, 104 error threshold, 104 graph result, 105 logging results, 137 measurement, 103 number of points, 104 text result, 105

Jitter transfer accuracy, 106 calibration, 107 delay time, 108 dwell time, 108 graph results, 110 input mask, 108 logging results, 139 measurement, 106 number of points, 108

Q factor, 108 text results, 110

K

Keyboard lock, 175

L

Labeling a disk, 151

Labels, overhead monitoring, 31

Lock keyboard, 175

Logging content, 130 control, 129 device, 130 error event, 128 graph displays, 127 jitter tolerance results, 137 jitter transfer results, 139 log on demand, 130 result logged, 129 results, 128 test period, 128 to Centronics printer, 131 to disk, 159 to HP-IB printer, 132

196 to internal printer, 133 to RS-232-C printer, 134 when, 129

M

M.2100 /G.821 analysis selection, 177

M2100 analysis measurement, 85



Managing disk directories, 152 disk files, 152

Measuring frequency, 91 jitter, 87 jitter tolerance, 103 jitter transfer, 106 optical power, 92 overhead BER, 82

PDH analysis, 85 round trip delay, 93

SDH analysis, 84 service disruption, 97 wander, 89

Monitor equalizer, 20 indicator, 20 receive overhead, 30

MSOH capture and display, 35 insertion, 33

MSP messages, 79 test function, 79

Multiplexer section overhead capture and display, 35 insertion, 33

N

NNI interface selection, 111

O

Optical clock stress, 78 power measurement, 92

Overhead all data, 29 all labels, 29

APS messages monitoring, 31


Index

BER test, 82 capture, 35 default transmit, 28

H4 byte sequences, 29

Labels monitoring, 31 monitor receive, 30 path monitor, 31 path transmit, 29 sequence generation, 33

SOH monitor, 30

SOH transmit, 29 trace messages, 32 transmit, 28

Overhead capture trigger, 35

Overhead capture test function, 35

Overhead sequence repeat run, 33 single run, 33

P

Paper change internal printer, 141

Parallel port connecting Centronics printer, 136

Path overhead capture and display, 35 insertion, 33

Payload analysis measurement, 85

ATM receive, 112

ATM transmit, 57 errors & alarms, 61 framing SDH transmit, 7 framing, SDH receive, 22 insert external, 52

N X 64 kb/s receive, 50

N X 64 kb/s transmit, 48

PDH receive, 20

PDH transmit, 3

SDH receive, 22, 45

SDH transmit, 7, 43 spare bits, 67

PDH alarm scan, 102 analysis measurement, 85 autosetup, 18 binary interface receive, 21 binary interface transmit, 4 errors & alarms, 61 external test signal drop, 55 external test signal insert, 52 frequency measurement, 91 frequency offset, 39

N X 64 kb/s test signal receive, 50

N X 64 kb/s test signal transmit, 48 payload, receive, 20 payload, transmit, 3 receive interface, 19 spare bits, 67 structured test signal receive, 45 structured test signal transmit, 43 telephone handset, 47 transmit interface, 2

POH capture and display, 35 insertion, 33 monitor, 31 setting, 29

Pointer adjustments burst, 68

G.783, 69 new pointer, 68 offset, 69

Pointer adjustments test function, 68

Pointer graph, 76

Print head cleaning, 144

Printer

Centronics, 131

Centronics, connecting to parallel port,

136

Centronics, logging to, 131

HP-IB, 132

HP-IB, logging to, 132 internal, changing paper, 141 internal, cleaning print head, 144 internal, logging to, 133

RS-232-C, logging to, 134

Printing results from disk, 135

R

Recall configuration from disk, 160 configuration from instrument, 149 graphics results from disk, 161 stored graph results, 121

Receive interface binary PDH, 21 binary SDH, 22 jitter, 24

PDH, 19 physical for ATM payloads, 26

SDH, 22

Receive settings

Coupled to transmit, 172

Regenerator section overhead capture and display, 35 insertion, 33

Rename a file, 168

Round trip delay, 93

RS-232-C logging to printer, 134

RSOH capture and display, 35 insertion, 33

S

S1 sync status monitoring, 31

Save data logging to disk, 159 graphics results to disk, 157 graphics results to instrument, 120

Screen dump to disk, 179

SDH alarm scan, 101 analysis measurement, 84

APS messages, 79 autosetup, 17 binary interface receive, 22 binary interface transmit, 6

DCC insert, 80 errors & alarms add, 60 external payload drop, 55 external payload insert, 52 frequency measurement, 91 frequency offset, 37 line rate offset, 37

Mapping selection, 7

MSP messages, 79

N X 64 kb/s payload receive, 50

N X 64 kb/s payload transmit, 48 optical clock stress, 78 optical power measurement, 92 overhead BER test, 82

197


Index

overhead capture, 35 overhead monitor, 30 overhead sequences, 33 overhead trace messages, 32 overhead transmit, 28 payload, receive, 22 payload, transmit, 7 pointer adjustments, 68 pointer graph, 76 receive interface, 22 service disruption measurement, 97 structured payload receive, 45 structured payload transmit, 43 thru mode, 15 transmit interface, 6 tributary rate offset, 37 tributary scan, 99

Self test, 182

Sequences

Overhead generation, 33 service disruption

DS1 and DS3, 98

Service disruption measurement, 97

Setting up Signaling Bits, 40

Short term period selection, 83

Signal Loss suspending test on, 173

Signaling Bits

D4 and SLC-96 payloads, 96

ESF Payload, 96

Monitoring, 95

Single cell

ATM transmit, selection and use, 57

Single cell PRBS, 57

SOH

Monitoring, 30

Setting, 29

Spare bits, 67

Spare bits test function, 67

Store configuration in instrument, 146 configuration on disk, 147

Stress test test function, 78

Suspending Test on Signal Loss, 173

Suspending test on signal loss, 173

T

Telephone handset, 47

Test cell

ATM transmit, selection and use, 57

Test function

APS messages, 79

DCC insert, 80 errors & alarms ATM, 66 errors & alarms PDH, 61 errors & alarms SDH, 60

MSP messages, 79 overhead BER test, 82 overhead capture, 35 pointer adjustments, 68 pointer graphPointer graph test function,

76 sequence generationSequence generation test function, 33 spare bits, 67 stress test, 78 tributary scan, 99

Test period selection, 83

Test signal drop external, 55 insert external, 52

N X 64kb/s receive, 50

N X 64kb/s transmit, 48

Test Timing, 83

Threshold indication setting, 178

Thru mode SDH, 15

Time & date, 174

Title for configuration, 148

Trace messages, 32

Transmit interface binary PDH, 4 binary SDH, 6 jitter, 9

PDH, 2 physical for ATM payloads, 13

SDH, 6 wander, 11

Transmit settings

Coupled to Receive, 172

Tributary scan, 99

TUG-3 Background Patterns, 189

U

UNI interface selection, 111

V

Viewing bar graphs, 123 graphics error & alarm summaries, 125

Voice channel round trip delay, 93 telephone handset, 47

W

Wander bar graph, 90 measurement, 89 transmit interface, 11

198


If you need technical assistance with a

Hewlett-Packard test and measurement product or application please contact the

Hewlett-Packard office or distributor in your country.

Asia Pacific:

Hong Kong:

Tel: (852) 2599 7889

India:

Tel: (91-11) 682-6000

Japan:

Hewlett-Packard Japan Ltd.

Measurement Assistance Center

9-1, Takakura-Cho, Hachioji-Shi,

Tokyo 192-8510, Japan

Tel: (81) 426-56-7832

Fax: (81) 426-56-7840

Korea:

Tel: (82-2) 769 0800

Malaysia:

Tel: (60-3) 291 0213

Philippines:

Tel: (63-2) 894 1451

People’s Republic of China:

Tel: (86-10) 6505 0149

Singapore:

Tel: (1800) 292 8100

Taiwan:

Tel: (886-3) 492 9666

Thailand:

Tel: (66-2) 661 3900

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices

For countries in Asia Pacific not listed, contact:

Hewlett-Packard Asia Pacific Ltd

17-21/F Shell Tower, Times Square,

1 Matheson Street

Causeway Bay

Hong Kong

Tel: (852) 2599 7777

Fax: (852) 2506 9285

Australia/New Zealand:

Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd.

31-41 Joseph Street

Blackburn, Victoria 3130

Australia

Tel: 1 800 629 485

Canada:

Hewlett-Packard Canada Ltd.

5150 Spectrum Way

Mississauga, Ontario

L4W 5G1

Tel: (905) 206 4725

Europe, Africa and Middle East:

Austria:

Tel: (0)1 25000-0

Belgium and Luxembourg:

Tel: (02) 778 3417

Baltic Countries:

Tel: (358) 08872 2100

Czech Republic:

Tel: 420-2-4743111

Denmark:

Tel: 45 99 10 00


Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices (cont’d)

Finland:

Tel: (90) 88 721

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Tel: (0)1 69.82.60.60

Germany:

Tel: (0180) 532 62-33

Greece:

Tel: 30-1-7264045

Hungary:

Tel: 36-1-4618219

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Tel: (01) 284 4633

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Tel: 972-3-5380333

Italy:

Tel: 02 - 92 122 241

Netherlands:

Tel: (020) 547 6669

Norway:

Tel: (22) 73 57 50

Poland:

Tel: 48-22-6087700

Portugal:

Tel: (11) 482 85 00

Russia:

Tel: (7/095) 928 6885

Fax: (7/095) 916 9844

South Africa:

Tel: 27-22-8061000

Spain:

Tel: (34) 1 631 1323

Sweden:

Tel: (08) 444 22 77

Switzerland:

Tel: (01) 735 7111

Turkey:

Tel: 90-212-2245925

United Kingdom:

Tel: (01344) 366 666

For countries in Europe/Middle East and Africa not listed, contact:

Hewlett-Packard

International Sales Europe

Geneva, Switzerland

Tel: +41-22-780-4111

Fax: +41-22-780-4770

Latin America:

Hewlett-Packard

Latin American Region Headquarters

5200 Blue Lagoon Drive

9th Floor

Miami, Florida 33126

U.S.A.

Tel: (305) 267-4245

Tel: (305) 267-4220

Fax: (305) 267-4288

United States:

Hewlett-Packard Company

Test and Measurement Organization

5301 Stevens Creek Blvd.

Bldg. 51L-SC

Santa Clara, CA 95052-8059

Tel: 1 800 452 4844


About This Edition

This is the 1st edition of the 37717-90402 manual.

It documents the product as of March 1998. Edition dates are as follows:

1st Edition, March 1998



Copyright Hewlett-

Packard Ltd. 1998. All rights reserved.

Reproduction, adaption, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.


In This Book

This book tells you how to select and use the various instrument functions available.

Printed in U.K. 03/98

37717-90402


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