User manual | mafg100eng

CONTENTS
1 General Information
4
1.1
4
Safety Instructions
1.2 Switching the Operating Voltage 230 V~/115 V~
4
1.3 Mains Connection
5
1.4 Installing the AFG 100
5
1.5 Switching on
5
1.6 Inspection and Maintenance
5
1.7 EMC
5
1.8 Warranty
6
1.9 Accessories Supplied
6
2 Application
7
3 Configuration and Functional Description
8
3.1 Block Diagram
8
3.2 Description
9
4 Technical Data
10
4.1 General Data
10
4.2 Specifications
4.2.1 Signal Output
1.1.2 Arbitrary Signal
1.1.3 Sweep Function
1.1.4 Amplitude Modulation
1.1.5 Square-wave Sync Output
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1.3 Display
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1.4 Remote Control
12
5 Control Elements
13
6 Operation of the AFG 100
15
6.1 Introduction
15
6.2 Starting
16
6.3 Operating Parameters
6.3.1 Setting the Frequency (FREQ)
6.3.2 Setting the Output Level (LEVEL)
6.3.3 Setting the Dc Voltage Offset (OFFSET)
6.3.4 Selection of the Wave Form (WAVE)
6.3.4.1 Input of the Sample Period at Arbitrary Signals (FREQ)
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6.4 Operating Modes
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Operating Instructions AFG 100
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6.4.1 Activating the Outputs
6.4.1.1 Switching on/off the Signal Output (SIGNAL)
6.4.1.2 Switching on/off the Sync Output (SYNC)
6.4.2 Activating the Sweep Function
6.4.2.1 Switching on/off the Sweep Function (MOD)
6.4.2.2 Input of the Frequency Limits (FREQ)
6.4.2.3 Input of the Period (ST)
6.4.3 Activating the Amplitude Modulation (AM)
6.4.3.1 Switching on/off the AM (MOD)
6.4.3.2 Input of the Modulation Depth at Internal AM (DEPTH)
6.4.3.3 Input of the Modulation Frequency at Internal AM (F)
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6.5 User Settings of the AFG 100
6.5.1 Switching on/off the Initialization Test (PS)
6.5.2 Self-Diagnosis of the AFG 100 (TEST)
6.5.3 Display
6.5.3.1 Contrast Setting of the Display (CONT)
6.5.3.2 Brightness Setting of the Display (BRIGHT)
6.5.4 Instrument Settings
6.5.4.1 Saving the Current Instrument Settings (STO)
6.5.4.2 Loading the Instrument Settings (RCL)
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6.6 The Special Functions of the AFG 100 (SPC)
33
6.7 Protection of the Signal Output
34
7 Remote Control by Program
35
7.1 Preparation of the AFG 100
7.1.1 Selecting the Interface Parameters
7.1.1.1 Setting the Baud Rate (BDR)
7.1.1.2 Setting the Transmission Protocol (PROT)
7.1.2 Local Control ⇔ Remote Control
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7.2 Messages of the AFG 100 on Remote Control
7.2.1 Description of the Unit Status
7.2.1.1 ESR - EVENT STATUS REGISTER
7.2.1.2 STB - STATUS BYTE REGISTER
7.2.2 Description of Errors
7.2.2.1 DER - DEVICE ERROR REGISTER
7.2.2.2 Error Messages
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41
7.3 List of Commands on Remote Control
7.3.1 General Commands
7.3.1.1 Interface Commands
7.3.1.2 Initializing the Instrument Settings
7.3.1.3 Self-Diagnosis of the AFG 100
7.3.1.4 Identification of the AFG 100
7.3.1.5 Initializing the Status Structure
7.3.1.6 Sync Commands
7.3.1.7 Query of the Instrument Status
7.3.2 Instrument Settings and Messages
7.3.2.1 Output Frequency
7.3.2.2 Sample Period at Arbitrary Signals
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Operating Instructions AFG 100
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7.3.2.3 Output Level
7.3.2.4 Dc Voltage Offset of the Output Signal
7.3.2.5 Wave Form of the Output Signal
7.3.2.6 Switching State of the Signal and Sync Outputs
7.3.2.7 Sweep Function
7.3.2.8 Amplitude Modulation
7.3.2.9 Saving the Arbitrary Signals
7.3.2.10 Password Input
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7.4 Programming Notes
51
7.5 Program Example for Square-wave Signal (Q Basic)
52
8 Loading External Arbitrary Signals
53
8.1 File Creation
8.1.1 Structure of a TXT File (ASCII)
8.1.2 Structure of a BIN File (HEX)
53
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8.2 Data Transmission
8.2.1 Transmission of a TXT file
8.2.1.1 Transmission via MS DOS
8.2.1.2 Transmission via Windows with the Help of the TERMINAL Program
8.2.2 Transmission of a BIN File
8.2.2.1 Transmission via MS DOS
8.2.2.2 Transmission via Windows with the Help of the TERMINAL Program
8.2.3 Transmission with Special Program
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8.3 Activating the Arbitrary Signal
57
8.4 Contents of Enclosed Diskette
57
9 Care and Maintenance
58
10 Appendix
59
10.1 List of Operating Functions
59
10.2 List of Instrument Messages
60
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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1 General Information
1.1
Safety Instructions
Note
Wherever you see this sign
you will find information on
potential hazards. Please read these sections with particular care!
Warning!
Before opening the AFG 100 disconnect the mains plug!
Attention!
Our instrument fuses are dimensioned in such a way that optimum
protection is guaranteed for the AFG 100 and the user.
If the fuse has to be changed, use only G fuse-link 5 × 20 according
to IEC 127 (see 4.1)!
Attention!
The T250 replacement fuses contained in the accessories are intended
for a mains voltage of 115 V and must not be used at a mains voltage
of 230 V!
1.2 Switching the Operating Voltage 230 V~/115 V~
Attention!
Setting the operating
voltage 115 V~
Your AFG 100 left the factory set to 230 V. Switching to 115 V
requires the AFG 100 to be opened, which should only be done by
trained personnel.
1. Disconnect the AFG 100 from the mains.
2. Remove upper caps and loosen the screws below.
3. Identify the mains voltage switch by means of the following
illustration.
4. Switch the mains voltage switch (slide switch) located under the
power switch to the indication “115”.
5. Remove safety cover at the mains plug and replace the fuse with
the fuse for 115 V supplied with the instrument.
6. Fasten upper caps and put the sticker supplied with the instrument
for marking the switch-over to 115 V on to the type label.
Mains voltage switch
115 V position
230 V position
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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1.3 Mains Connection
Attention!
The design of the unit meets the requirements of safety class I
according to EN 61010-1, i. e. all metal parts accessible from outside
and exposed to contact are connected with the protective conductor of
the supply network.
Power is supplied via a mains cable with an earthing contact.
1.4 Installing the AFG 100
Attention!
The AFG 100 should not be operated close to equipment that develops heat.
1.5 Switching on
Note
The AFG 100 is switched on using the power switch at the front. The
power switch separates the AFG 100 completely from the primary
side of the transformer.
The LED I/O serves as a status indicator.
1.6 Inspection and Maintenance
Attention!
If service is needed, due attention should be paid to the regulations
according to VDE 0701. The AFG 100 should only be repaired by
trained personnel.
1.7 EMC
Radio interference
suppression
The AFG 100 is interference-free according to EN 50081 and
EN 50082.
Prerequisite
for EMC
In order to fulfil the limit values in line with present standards, it is
absolutely essential that only cables which are in perfect condition be
connected to the AFG 100. The following information applies here:
− Metallic or metallized socket cases must be used for the serial
interface RS-232C. The socket cases and the braided screen of the
cables must be connected at the shortest distance possible. The
signal earth must not be connected to the braided screen.
− After opening and closing the AFG 100 check that all the fixing
elements and contact springs are installed as before and that all the
screws have been tightened.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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5
1.8 Warranty
Conditions for
warranty
Digimess guarantees the perfect working order of the AFG 100 for 12
months as from delivery.
There is no warranty for faults arising from improper operation or
from changes made to the unit or from inappropriate application.
Returning
the instrument
If a fault occurs please contact or send your AFG 100 to:
The AFG 100 should be returned in appropriate packing - if possible
in the original packing. Please enclose a detailed fault report
(functions working incorrectly, deviating specifications and so on)
including unit type and serial number.
Identification
Kindly verify warranty cases by enclosing your delivery note. Any
repairs carried out without reference to a valid warranty will initially
be at the owner’s expense.
Should the warranty have expired, we will, of course, be glad to
repair your AFG 100 as per our General Terms Of Assembly And
Service.
1.9 Accessories Supplied
Contents
1 mains cable
1XK64100
1 coaxial cable
1AK64220
1 fine fuse
T125 L/250 V (230 V)
2 fine fuses
T250 L/250 V (115 V)
1 operating instructions
1 label for indicating the switch-over to 115 V
1 diskette with arbitrary signals and loading program
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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2 Application
Performance
features
The function generator AFG 100, controlled by a microprocessor, is
a compact signal source. The AFG 100 uses the DDS (Direct Digital
Synthesis) method and generates the following wave forms:
Sinusoidal and square-wave signals in the frequency range of
0.01 Hz to 12.5 MHz
Triangular and sawtooth-shaped signals from 0.01 Hz to 100 kHz
Arbitrary signals with a sample rate up to 33.33 MSa/s and with a
vertical resolution of 10 bits
Additional functions
The amplitude and the dc voltage offset of the output signal can be
adjusted within a wide range.
The AFG 100 is fitted with a sweep function.
Furthermore, a square-wave signal (sync signal) with a CMOS/TTL
level can be picked off.
Operation
via keybord
All functions and measuring ranges can be set via menus by means
of four buttons and a rotary switch.
The chosen parameters of the output signal are clearly depicted on a
two-line alphanumeric LC matrix display.
Remote control
via RS-232C
The instrument is equipped, as standard, with serial interface
RS-232C for communication with a PC.
All functions and parameters can be set.
The settings and conditions of the AFG 100 can be transmitted.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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3 Configuration and Functional Description
3.1 Block Diagram
19
Sync
output
Buffer
18
6
Lowpass
1
2
3
4
5
Oscillator
Predivider
Phase
accumulator
DDS RAM
D/A
converter
Comparator
8
7
Lowpass
Multiplexer
15
9
10
11
12
13
AM
oscillator
Analog
multiplier
Signal
amplifier
Attenuator
20 dB
Attenuator
10 dB
Attenuator
20 dB
Signal
output
External
AM input
16
14
AM
control
Level
control
17
Dc offset
20
CPU
21
RS-232C
22
EPROM
23
RAM
24
25
EEPROM
Display
26
27
Keyboard
Power
supply
(16) Circuit for the control of the
amplitude modulation
(17) Dc voltage offset generator
(18) Comparator
(19) Buffer of the output signal and
CMOS/TTL converter
(20) Microprocessor
(21) RS-232C interface
(22) Program memory EPROM
(23) Data memory RAM
(24) EEPROM memory for calibrating
data
(25) LC display
(26) Keyboard with rotary switch
(27) Power supply
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
Oscillator
Predivider
Phase accumulator
DDS RAM memory
D/A converter for DDS
Lowpass filter
Lowpass filter
Multiplexer
Analog multiplier
Signal amplifier
Output attenuator for 20 DB
Output attenuator for 10 dB
Output attenuator for 20 dB
Level control circuit of the output
signal
(15) AM oscillator
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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3.2 Description
Internal control unit
The internal operational procedures are controlled by the one-chip
microprocessor MCS-51 (20) with the help of additional circuits, e. g.
program memory EPROM (22), data memory RAM (23) and memory
EEPROM for the calibrating data (24).
Operating the
AFG 100
The AFG 100 can be operated locally via the keyboard with the
rotary switch (26) and via the LC display (25).
Remote control by a PC takes place via the serial interface
RS-232C (21) and is controlled by the microprocessor.
Generation of the
required wave form
The microprocessor (20) carries out the configuration and sets the
hardware of the AFG 100 after the parameters have been selected.
The corresponding value for the phase accumulator (3) is calculated
according to the frequency which has been entered. The phase
accumulator works with a clock frequency derived from the
frequency of the oscillator (1) and from the dividing ratio of the
programmable frequency-predivider (2). According to the phase
generated by the phase accumulator, the D/A converter (5) derives
information about the amplitude of the signal from the DDS RAM
memory (4).
Lowpass filters (6), (7) which reconstruct the required signal, are
connected at both outputs of the D/A converter. The corresponding
signal is forwarded via the switch logic (8).
Generation of the
sync signal
A square-wave signal is formed from a sinusoidal signal with the help
of the comparator (18). The square-wave signal is fed through the
buffer stage (19) with CMOS logic level to the sync output.
Output level setting
The generated output signal is fed to the analog multiplier (9). The
output level is set within the range from 0 to 10 dB by means of this
circuit. The signal is also led to the amplifier (10) and to the output
attenuators (11), (12), (13) in stages of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 dB.
According to the required value of the output level, the analog
multiplier (9) and subsequently the damping of the output attenuators
(11), (12), (13) are set via the level control circuit (14). The
attenuated signal is led to the output socket of the AFG 100.
Amplitude modulation
of the output signal
The output level of the AFG 100 can be influenced by amplitude
modulation. This means that the internal AM oscillator (15) and an
external AM signal can be used. The AM control circuit (16) feeds
the selected AM signal through and with internal amplitude
modulation, sets the required modulation depth of the output signal.
Setting the
dc voltage offset
The dc voltage offset generator (17), a programmable current source
is also connected to the output socket. The current source is
controlled by the microprocessor (20) via the control circuit (14). The
offset voltage generator permits setting of the dc voltage part of the
output signal within a wide voltage range.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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4 Technical Data
4.1 General Data
Dimensions of packing:
+ 5 ... + 40 °C
+ 23 °C ± 2 °C
20 ... 80 %
70 ... 106 kPa
horizontal or inclined by ± 15 °
sinusoidal alternating voltage
115/230 V (+ 10 %/– 15 %), internally switchable
50 ... 60 Hz (± 5 %)
Distortion factor less than 5 %
max. 27 VA (max. 27 W)
T125 L/250 V (230 V~)
T250 L/250 V (115 V~)
Dimensions 5 × 20 mm, according to IEC 127
I, according to EN 61010 Part 1
EN 55011 Class B
225 mm × 85 mm × 200 mm
315 mm × 115 mm × 270 mm
Weight of
AFG 100:
incl. packing and accessories:
approx. 2.5 kg
approx. 3.5 kg
Operating temperature:
Nominal temperature:
Relative humidity:
Atmospheric pressure:
Operating position:
Operating voltage:
Power consumption:
Fuses:
Safety class:
Radio interference suppression:
Dimensions (L × H × D):
4.2 Specifications
Frequency range:
Frequency setting:
Accuracy of frequency setting
(at nominal temperature):
Temperature coefficient of frequency:
Warm-up time:
0.01 Hz ... 12.5 MHz for sinusoidal and squarewave signal
0.01 Hz ... 100 kHz for triangular and sawtooth
signal
5 places or
4 places + point position
± 0.01 % ± 0.002 Hz
± 100 ppm in the range of the operating temperature
15 min
4.2.1 Signal Output
Output impedance:
Output voltage VPP:
Maximum output level
incl. offset voltage:
50 Ω ± 1.5 %, asymmetrical
10 mV ... 10 V/50 Ω
Setting the output voltage:
VPP +2 VOffset≤ 10.00 V
3 places
Accuracy of output voltage
at f = 1 kHz:
± (2 % + 20 mV)
Additional frequency error
of output voltage:
± 1 dB in the range 10 Hz … 1 MHz
± 3 dB in the range 0.01 Hz … 12.5 MHz
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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Temperature coefficient
of output voltage:
< ± 5 × 10-3/K
Dc voltage offset
of signal (VOffset):
± 2.5 V/50 Ω
Setting
of dc voltage offset:
in 10 mV steps
Accuracy of setting
of dc voltage offset:
Overshooting of square-wave signal:
± ( 1 % + 20 mV)
sinusoidal signal
square-wave signal
triangular signal
sawtooth signal (up, down)
arbitrary signal
< 0.5 % in the range 10 Hz … 100 kHz
< 25 ns
< 5 % of the output voltage + 30 mV
Nonlinearity
of triangular signal (5 ... 95 %):
<1%
Output signal:
Distortion of sinusoidal signal:
Rise time of square-wave signal:
4.2.2 Arbitrary Signal
Horizontal resolution
(length of the signal):
Vertical resolution of the level:
Sample period:
8,192 samples
1,024 level (10 bit)
30 ns × 2N-1, N = 1 … 32
4.2.3 Sweep Function
Frequency change
at sweep function:
Direction of frequency change:
0.01 Hz … 12.5 MHz
(100 kHz for triangular and sawtooth signal)
linear, logarithmic - discreet
rising, falling
Repetition period
at sweep function:
10 ms … 60 s
Sweep mode:
4.2.4 Amplitude Modulation
Source of modulation signal:
Frequency range
of external modulation input:
internal, external
Amplitude of external signal (VPP):
0 Hz ... 20 kHz
2 V for AM modulation depth m = 100 %
Input impedance
of external AM input:
100 kΩ
Frequency range
of internal modulation oscillator:
Depth of amplitude modulation:
approx. 100 Hz ... 10 kHz, discreet frequency
results
0 ... 100 %, in 1 % steps
at internal AM
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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4.2.5 Square-wave Sync Output
Maximum output current:
approx. 50 Ω
5 V ± 10 % in the idling mode
10 mA
Pulse duty ratio
for periodical signals:
at sweep function:
approx. 1:1
“start” pulse with a breadth of approx. 5 µs
Output impedance:
Output voltage VPP:
4.3 Display
Set-up and
display contents
The AFG 100 is equipped with a 2 × 16-digit alphanumerical LC
matrix display with background lighting.
It indicates the set parameters of the output signal or the menucontrolled functions and system messages.
4.4 Remote Control
Performance range
The AFG 100 can be fully remote controlled and read via the serial
interface RS-232C. Data transfer is based on the ASCII character set.
Data transmission
parameters
Baud rate in Bd (eligible):
Length of data character:
Number of STOP bits:
Parity:
Protocol:
Length of input buffer:
Length of output buffer:
Final character on receiving:
Final characters on transmission:
Plug connections
of cable
1,200, 2,400, 4,800, 9,600, 19,200
8 Bit
1
none
RTS/CTS, without (NONE)
64 characters
256 characters
LF (10 dec.)
CR + LF (13 dec. + 10 dec.)
PC
AFG 100
FG 1
TXD 2
2
FG
TXD
1
RXD
3
3
RXD
RTS
4
4
RTS
CTS
5
6
5
6
CTS
SG
DCD
7
7
8
8
SG
DCD
DTR
20
20
DTR
DSR
DSR
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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5 Control Elements
Front side of AFG 100
3
2
4
AFG 100 ARBITRARY FUNCTION GENERATOR
digimess
MODIFY
1
OUTPUT
FREQ
LEVEL
WAVE
10
MENU
ENTER/LOC
12
REM
SYNC.OUT
5
6
7
8
11
50
9
Rear side of AFG 100
RS 232
AM INPUT
13
17
15
16
14
[1]
Power switch
[2]
LED I/O
The LED indicates whether the AFG 100 is ready for operation.
[3]
Display
See 4.3.
[4]
Rotary switch
The rotary switch makes it possible to adjust the measuring parameters and to scroll the
current menu forwards and backwards. The sign in the display signals the parameter
setting with the help of the rotary switch.
[5]
Function button F1 (with multiple allocation)
FREQ
− The button opens the menu to set the frequency of the output
signal.
v
− The button changes between first and second line of the display.
...
− The button has different meanings in the menu levels.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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[6]
Function button F2 (with multiple allocation)
LEVEL
− The button opens the menu to set the level of the output signal.
− The cursor is moved to the left in the menu.
3
...
− The button has different meanings in the menu levels.
[7]
Function button F3 (with multiple allocation)
WAVE
− The button opens the menu to set the wave form of the output
signal.
− The cursor is moved to the right in the menu.
4
...
− The button has different meanings in the menu levels.
[8]
Function button F4 (with multiple allocation)
MENU
− The button opens the menu to set further parameters of the
AFG 100.
ENTER
− With the help of this button the new parameter setting is
confirmed.
LOC
− On remote control the AFG 100 changes to local control.
...
− The button has different meanings in the menu levels.
[9]
LED REM
The LED lights up if the AFG 100 is being remote controlled via the PC.
[10] LED OUTPUT
The LED lights up if the signal output is switched on.
[11] BNC socket of signal output
[12] BNC socket of sync output
[13] Plug of RS-232C interface
[14] Fused plug for non-heating appliances
The AFG 100 is protected by a T125 L/250 V fuse for 230 V~ or T250 L/250 V for
115 V~ net voltage respectively.
[15] Type plate
[16] Operating voltage indication
The operating voltage indication shows which operating voltage is to be used.
[17] BNC input socket for external AM source
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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6 Operation of the AFG 100
6.1 Introduction
Keyboard
The AFG 100 is operated via function buttons F1 to F4 with multiple
functions.
In response to the operational status of the AFG 100 and the menudriven settings, the function buttons perform different tasks (see 5).
Menu control
via display
After activating the function button F4 [8], menus and also menupoints are opened for settings
After opening a menu, the name of the menu is displayed in the top
line of the display [3]. Function buttons F1 to F4 have the function as
displayed in the bottom line of the display.
The cursor buttons 3 [6] and 4 [7] and the rotary switch [4] are
used to set the required parameters. A flashing band under the current
entry field of the display [3] requests that you enter these parameters.
The symbol which appears on the right-hand side of the display
requests that you activate the rotary switch [4].
Parameter entry
and measurement
After opening a menu the operating state of the AFG 100 is
interrupted until the menu is exited by pressing the F4 button [8]:
Pressing the F4 button [8] with the meaning ENTER brings about
a completion of the menu-driven settings and the AFG 100 reverts
to the operating state. The set parameters are activated.
Pressing the F4 button [8] with the meaning EXIT will cause the
AFG 100 to revert to the operating state without changing the
parameters.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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6.2 Starting
Attention!
Switching on
the AFG 100
When the AFG 100 is operated remotely via PC the connecting cable
of the system interface RS-232C must be connected before switching
on the operating voltage.
1. Connect the AFG 100 [14] to the mains with the mains cable.
2. Press the power switch [1].
− The LED I/O [2], REM [9] and OUTPUT [10] light up and the
following message appears on the display [3]:
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Powe r Up Se l f T e s t
Starting the
initialization test
An internal initialization test starts up.
The following message appears on the display [3]:
Te s t i ng :
. . . . . . . .
< UN I T >
PASSED
The variable <UNIT> stands for the unit which has just been tested:
Processor (CPU)
Data bus (BUS)
ROM memory (ROM)
RAM memory (RAM)
EEPROM memory (EEPROM)
Battery (BATTERY)
Display (DISPLAY)
Keyboard (KEYBOARD)
Complete system (SYSTEM)
Note
Fault-free test
The test routine can be switched off (see 6.5.1).
In this case, the initialization test is started only if a button is pushed
while switching the AFG 100 on.
On error-free conclusion of the test the current software version and
the following confirmation appear, e. g.:
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Ve r : 2 . 0 0
and
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
READY
Operating state
After fault-free testing the LEDs REM
and the parameters of the AFG 100
presettings:
Frequency of the output signal:
Output voltage VPP:
Dc voltage offset of the output:
Output signal:
Signal output:
[9] and OUTPUT [10] go out
correspond to the following
1.000 kHz
1.00 V
0.00 V
sinusoidal
switched off
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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Sync output:
Sweep function:
Start frequency:
Stop frequency:
Sweep period:
Amplitude modulation:
Modulation depth of internal AM:
Modulating frequency of internal AM:
Baud rate:
Data transmission protocol:
Initialization test:
switched off
switched off
1.0000 kHz
10.000 MHz
100 ms
switched off
100 %
approx. 1 kHz
9,600 Bd
switched off (NONE)
switched off
The AFG 100 is ready for operation and the following message
appears on the display [3]:
FREQ :
WA V E :
1 . 0 0 0 0
S I NE
kHz
Note
If you have saved your own instrument settings, these are loaded after
the instrument is switched on (see 6.5.4.2). The AFG 100 starts with
the last saved or loaded instrument setting.
Faulty test
Should a system error occur during the internal test, the AFG 100
interrupts the test until the error is eliminated. The following message
appears on the display [3]:
Te s t i ng :
. . . . . . . .
< UN I T >
E RROR
The variable <UNIT> stands for the unit which has just been tested
(see above).
If errors which have no direct effect on the function of the AFG 100
occur in the component circuits, the test will continue. A warning
with corresponding error characterization appears on the display [3],
e. g.:
With incomplete calibrating data:
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Ca l i b r a t i o n OF F !
With faulty data in the EEPROM memory:
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
B a d E E P R OM C R C
With faulty data in the RAM memory (e. g. data of the arbitrary
signal):
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
B a d B a c k u p RAM
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
17
6.3 Operating Parameters
6.3.1 Setting the Frequency (FREQ)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Press the F1 button FREQ [5] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The cursor appears on the display [3] on the smallest decimal
position of the frequency value, e. g.:
FREQ :
WA V E :
Changing
the parameter
1 . 0 0 0 0
S I NE
KH z
2. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
3. Change the frequency value with the help of the rotary switch
[4] in the following range:
0.01 Hz ... 12.5 MHz
- for sinusoidal and square-wave
signals
0.01 Hz ... 100 kHz
- for triangular and sawtooth signals
Note
If the cursor is on the smallest decimal position (on the right) and the
cursor button 4 [7] is pressed, the frequency value is reduced by one
power place, e. g. 1.0000 kHz → 100.00 Hz.
If the cursor is on the largest decimal position (on the left) and the
cursor button 3 [6] is pressed, the frequency value is extended by
one power place, e. g. 1.0000 kHz → 10.000 kHz.
If you try to exceed the limit values the following message L i m i t !
is signalled on the display.
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the operating state.
6.3.2 Setting the Output Level (LEVEL)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Press the F2 button LEVEL [6] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The last settings of the output voltage and the dc voltage offset
appear on the display [3]:
LEVEL :
OF F SET :
Changing
the parameter
1 . 0 0
0 . 0 0
V
V
2. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
3. Change the output voltage with the help of the rotary switch
[4] in the following range:
10 mV ... 10 V
Operating Instructions AFG 100
18
1/2000
Note
If the cursor is on the smallest decimal position (on the right) and the
cursor button 4 [7] is pressed, the voltage value is reduced by one
power place, e. g. 1.00 V → 100 mV.
If the cursor is on the largest decimal position (on the left) and the
cursor button 3 [6] is pressed, the voltage value is extended by one
power place, e. g. 1.00 V → 10 V.
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
It is possible to change between the 1st and 2nd line of the display
with the cursor using the F1 button v [5].
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the operating state.
6.3.3 Setting the Dc Voltage Offset (OFFSET)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Press the F2 button LEVEL [6] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The last settings of the output voltage and the dc voltage offset
appear on the display [3]:
LEVEL :
OF F SET :
Changing
the parameter
1 . 0 0
0 . 0 0
V
V
2. Shift from the setting for the output voltage to the setting for the
dc voltage offset with the F1 button v [5].
3. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
4. Change the dc voltage offset with the help of the rotary switch
[4] in the following range:
± 2.5 V
Note
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
It is possible to change between the 1st and 2nd line of the display
with the cursor using the F1 button v [5].
Saving
the change
5. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the operating state.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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19
6.3.4 Selection of the Wave Form (WAVE)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Press the F3 button WAVE [7] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The current setting of the wave form appears on the display [3],
e. g.:
Wa v e
Fo r m:
S I NE
Changing
the parameter
2. Change the form of the generated output signal with the help of
the rotary switch [4]:
SINE
- sinusoidal signal
SQUARE
- square-wave signal
TRIANGLE
- triangular signal
RAMP UP/RAMP DOWN
- sawtooth signal
ARBITRARY
- arbitrary, freely programmable
wave form
Saving
the change
3. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the operating state.
Note
Simultaneous activation of the arbitrary signal and the sweep function is
not permissible.
The data for the arbitrary signal are prepared externally and loaded
into the AFG 100 via the serial interface RS-232C (see 7.3.2.9).
6.3.4.1 Input of the Sample Period at Arbitrary Signals (FREQ)
Prerequisite
1. Select the wave form ARBITRARY (see 6.3.4).
− A modified main menu appears on the display [3].
Calling up
the menu point
2. Press the F1 button FREQ [5] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The current setting of the sample period appears on the display
[3], e. g.:
RAT E :
WA V E :
Changing
the parameter
3 0 . 0 0 0 ns
ARB I TRARY
3. Change the sample period with the help of the rotary switch
[4] in the following range:
30 ns × 2N-1, N = 1 … 32
Note
Saving
the change
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
Operating Instructions AFG 100
20
1/2000
6.4 Operating Modes
6.4.1 Activating the Outputs
Calling up
the menu
1. Press the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F1 button OUT [5].
− The menu for setting the signal output and the sync output
appears on the display [3]:
- Ou t p u t s Me n u S YNC S I GNA L E X I T
3. Select the corresponding menu point with the function buttons
F1-F4:
SYNC [5] - to activate the sync output (see 6.4.1.2)
SIGNAL [6/7] - to activate the signal output (see 6.4.1.1)
EXIT
[8] - to leave the menu without changing the parameters or adapting the parameters if changes
have been made
6.4.1.1 Switching on/off the Signal Output (SIGNAL)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for setting the signal output and the sync output
with the button sequence: F4, F1 (see 6.4.1).
2. Press the F2 or F3 button SIGNAL [6].
− The current state of the signal output appears on the display [3],
e. g.:
S i gna l
Ou t p u t :
OF F
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the state with the help of the rotary switch
OFF - signal output is switched off
ON - signal output is switched on
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for setting the signal output
and the sync output.
− The activated signal output is displayed with the LED
OUTPUT [10].
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
21
[4]:
6.4.1.2 Switching on/off the Sync Output (SYNC)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for setting the signal output and the sync output
with the button sequence: F4, F1 (see 6.4.1).
2. Press the F1 button SYNC [5].
− The current state of the sync output appears on the display [3],
e. g.:
Sync .
Ou t p u t :
OF F
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the state with the help of the rotary switch [4]:
OFF
- sync output is switched off
POSITIVE
- positive square-wave signal at the sync output
NEGATIVE - negative square-wave signal at the sync output
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for setting the signal output
and the sync output.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.4.2 Activating the Sweep Function
Calling up
the menu
1. Press the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F2 button SWP [6].
− The sweep menu appears on the display [3]:
_ _ Swe e p
MOD F R E Q
Me n u _ _
ST EX I T
3. Select the corresponding menu point with the function buttons
F1-F4:
MOD [5] - to activate the sweep function (see 6.4.2.1)
FREQ [6] - to enter the frequency limits (see 6.4.2.2)
ST
[7] - to enter the period (see 6.4.2.3)
EXIT [8] - to leave the menu without changing the parameters or adapting the parameters if changes
have been made
Operating Instructions AFG 100
22
1/2000
6.4.2.1 Switching on/off the Sweep Function (MOD)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the sweep menu with the butten sequence: F4, F2
(see 6.4.2).
2. Press the F1 button MOD [5].
− The current state of the sweep function appears on the display
[3], e. g.:
Swe e p
Mo d e :
OF F
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the state with the help of the rotary switch [4]:
OFF
- sweep function is switched off
LINEAR
- linear frequency change
LOGARITHMIC - logarithmic frequency change
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the sweep menu.
5. Press the F4 button EXIT [8].
− The AFG 100 is configured anew and the sweep function is
either started or stopped.
− The AFG 100 returns to the main menu.
Changing to the
operating state
6. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
Simultaneous activation of the arbitrary signal and the sweep function is
not permissible.
6.4.2.2 Input of the Frequency Limits (FREQ)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the sweep menu with the butten sequence: F4, F2
(see 6.4.2).
2. Press the F2 button FREQ [6].
− The current settings of the frequency limits appear in the
display [3], e. g.:
S t a r t :
S t op :
Changing
the parameter
1 . 0 0 0 0 kHz
1 0 . 0 0 0 MH z
3. Change with the F1 button v [5] between the upper limit (Start)
and lower limit (Stop) of the frequency change.
4. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
5. Change the upper and lower limit with the help of the rotary
switch [4].
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
23
Note
If the cursor is on the smallest decimal position (on the right) and the
cursor button 4 [7] is pressed, the frequency value is reduced by one
power place, e. g. 1.0000 kHz → 100.00 Hz.
If the cursor is on the largest decimal position (on the left) and the
cursor button 3 [6] is pressed, the frequency value is extended by
one power place, e. g. 1.0000 kHz → 10.000 kHz.
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
Saving
the change
6. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the sweep menu.
7. Press the F4 button EXIT [8].
− The AFG 100 is configured anew and the sweep function is
either started or stopped.
− The AFG 100 returns to the main menu.
Changing to the
operating state
8. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.4.2.3 Input of the Period (ST)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the sweep menu with the butten sequence: F4, F2
(see 6.4.2).
2. Press the F3 button ST [7].
The current setting of the period appears on the display [3],
e. g.:
S we e p
Changing
the parameter
T i me :
1 0 0
ms
3. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
4. Change the period within the range of 100 ms to 60 s with the
help of the rotary switch [4].
Note
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
24
1/2000
Saving
the change
5. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the sweep menu.
6. Press the F4 button EXIT [8].
− The AFG 100 is configured anew and the sweep function is
either started or stopped.
− The AFG 100 returns to the main menu.
Changing to the
operating state
7. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.4.3 Activating the Amplitude Modulation (AM)
Calling up
the menu
1. Press the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F3 button AM [7].
− The menu for setting the amplitude modulation appears on the
display [3]:
- - MOD
AM
Me n u - - DEPTH F EX I T
3. Select the corresponding menu point with the function buttons
F1-F4:
MOD
[5] - to activate the AM (see 6.4.3.1)
DEPTH [6] - to enter the modulating depth (see 6.4.3.2)
F
[7] - to enter the modulating frequency (see 6.4.3.3)
EXIT
[8] - to leave the menu without changing the parameters or adapting the parameters if changes
have been made
6.4.3.1 Switching on/off the AM (MOD)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for setting the amplitude modulation with the
butten sequence: F4, F3 (see 6.4.3).
2. Press the F1 button MOD [5].
− The current state of the amplitude modulation appears on the
display [3], e. g.:
AM
Mo d e :
OF F
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the state with the help of the rotary switch [4]:
OFF
- amplitude modulation is switched off
INTERNAL - internal amplitude modulation
EXTERNAL - external amplitude modulation
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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25
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for setting the amplitude
modulation.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
During external amplitude modulation the modulation signal which is
supplied via the input AM INPUT [17] is used.
6.4.3.2 Input of the Modulation Depth at Internal AM (DEPTH)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for setting the amplitude modulation with the
butten sequence: F4, F3 (see 6.4.3).
2. Press the F2 button DEPTH [6].
The current setting of the modulation depth appears on the
display [3], e. g.:
AM
De p t h :
1 0 0
Changing
the parameter
%
3. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the decimal
position of the parameter to be changed.
4. Change the modulation depth within the range of 0 % to 100 %
with the help of the rotary switch [4].
Note
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
Saving
the change
5. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The cursor disappears and the last position of the cursor is
preserved.
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for setting the amplitude
modulation.
Changing to the
operating state
6. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
Operating Instructions AFG 100
26
1/2000
6.4.3.3 Input of the Modulation Frequency at Internal AM (F)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for setting the amplitude modulation with the
butten sequence: F4, F3 (see 6.4.3).
2. Press the F3 button F [7].
The current setting of the modulating frequency appears on the
display [3], e. g.:
AM
Changing
the parameter
Fr e que nc y :
1 . 0 0 k Hz
3. Change the modulation frequency in discreet frequency values
within the range of 100 Hz to 10 kHz with the help of the rotary
switch [4].
Note
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for setting the amplitude
modulation.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
27
6.5 User Settings of the AFG 100
Calling up
the menu
1. Press the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F4 button NEXT [8].
− The 2nd stage of the main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
I NT USR
Me n u - SPC EX I T
3. Press the F2 button USR [6].
− The menu for the user settings appears on the display [3]:
- PS
Us e r
TEST
Me n u - LCD NEX T
4. Select the corresponding menu point with the function buttons
F1-F4:
PS
[6] - to activate the initialization test (see 6.5.1)
TEST [7] - self-diagnosis of the AFG 100 (see 6.5.2)
LCD [5] - to adjust the display (see 6.5.3)
NEXT [8] - changeover to the 2nd stage of the menu for the
user settings (see 6.5.4)
6.5.1 Switching on/off the Initialization Test (PS)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for the user settings with the butten sequence:
F4, F4, F2 (see 6.5).
2. Press the F1 button PS [5].
− The current state for the sequence of operations of the
initialization test after switching on the AFG 100 appears on
the display [3], e. g.:
Powe r Up
Se l f TST :
ON
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the state with the help of the rotary switch
ON
- Initialization test is switched on
OFF
- Initialization test is switched off
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for the user settings.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
[4].
Operating Instructions AFG 100
28
1/2000
Note
If the initialization test has been deactivated (OFF), it is still possible
to activate the test routine when the AFG 100 is switched on. This is
done by pressing any button while switching on the instrument.
When the AFG 100 is switched off, the current state for the
initialization test is preserved.
6.5.2 Self-Diagnosis of the AFG 100 (TEST)
Note
For successful performance of the test, testing equipment is
necessary.
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for the user settings with the butten sequence:
F4, F4, F2 (see 6.5).
Starting the selfdiagnosis
2. Press the F2 button TEST [6].
− The internal diagnostic test routines are started.
− After fault-free test the AFG 100 returns to the menu for the
user settings.
Changing to the
operating state
3. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 3 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.5.3 Display
6.5.3.1 Contrast Setting of the Display (CONT)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for the display settings of the with the butten
sequence: F4, F4, F2, F3 (see 6.5).
− The following message appears on the display [3]:
- LCD Ad j u s t
- CON T BR I GH T E X I T
2. Press the F1 button CONT [5].
− The current contrast setting appears on the display [3], e. g.:
Con t r a s t
Changing
the parameter
Note
Saving
the change
3. Change the contrast within the range of 0 % to 100 % in 5 % steps
with the help of the rotary switch [4].
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for the display settings.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
Ad j u s t :
7 5 %
29
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - menu for the user settings
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings
Press × 3 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 4 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
When the AFG 100 is switched off, the last contrast setting is
preserved.
6.5.3.2 Brightness Setting of the Display (BRIGHT)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for the display settings with the butten sequence:
F4, F4, F2, F3 (see 6.5).
− The following message appears on the display [3]:
- LCD Ad j u s t
- CON T BR I GH T E X I T
2. Press the F2 or F3 button BRIGHT [6, 7].
− The current brightness setting appears on the display [3], e. g.:
Br i gh t
Changing
the parameter
Note
Ad j us t :
7 5 %
3. Change the brightness within the range of 0 % to 100 % in 5 %
steps with the help of the rotary switch [4].
If you try to exceed the limit values the message L i m i t ! is
signalled on the display.
Saving
the change
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the menu for the display settings.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - menu for the user settings
Press × 2 - 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings
Press × 3 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 4 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
When the AFG 100 is switched off, the last contrast setting is
preserved.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
30
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6.5.4 Instrument Settings
Application
If applications with certain instrument settings are repeated, there is
the possibility of saving up to 9 user settings in the AFG 100.
Parallel to the freely configurable user settings there is a set
instrument setting default of the manufacturer. If required the desired
instrument setting can be loaded.
The AFG 100 starts with the last saved or loaded instrument setting.
Note
The settings of the interface and the display as well as the activation
of the initialization test are not saved. After switching on the
AFG 100 the parameters which were up-to-date before switching off
are set.
6.5.4.1 Saving the Current Instrument Settings (STO)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Calling up the 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings with the
butten sequence: F4, F4, F2, F4 (see 6.5).
− The following message appears on the display [3]:
- - Us e r
STO RCL
Me n u
2 - EX I T
2. Press the F1 button STO [5].
− The current storage location appears on the display [3]:
Me mo r y
S t o r e :
1
Saving the
parameters
3. Select the storage location 1 to 9 with the help of the rotary
switch [4].
4. Press the F4 button ENTER [8].
− If the storage location is free, the actual instrument setting is
saved. The following message appears on the display [3]:
Cu r r e n t
Se t t i ng :
. . . . . . . .
SAV I NG
The saved instrument setting is loaded in the main memory and
continues to be up-to-date. The following message appears on
the display [3]:
Us e r
Se t t i ng
. . .
. . . . . . . .
LOAD I NG
The AFG 100 returns to the 2nd stage of the menu for the user
settings.
− If the storage location is occupied, the question if the memory
content should be replaced appears on the display [3]:
Rewr i t e
NO
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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31
Me mo r y
YES
5.a) Press the F4 button YES [8].
− The current instrument setting is saved. The following message
appears on the display [3]:
Cu r r e n t
Se t t i ng :
SAV I NG
. . . . . . . .
The saved instrument setting is loaded in the main memory and
continues to be up-to-date. The following message appears on
the display [3]:
Us e r
Se t t i ng
. . .
. . . . . . . .
LOAD I NG
The AFG 100 returns to the 2nd stage of the menu for the user
settings.
5.b) Press the F1 button NO [5].
− The AFG 100 returns to the 2nd stage of the menu for the user
settings without saving.
Changing to the
operating state
6. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menus
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.5.4.2 Loading the Instrument Settings (RCL)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Calling up the 2nd stage of the menu for the user settings with the
butten sequence: F4, F4, F2, F4 (see 6.5).
− The following message appears on the display [3]:
- - Us e r
STO RCL
Me n u
2 - EX I T
2. Press the F2 button RCL [6].
− The current storage location appears on the display [3], e. g.:
Me mo r y
Loa d :
1
Loading the
parameters
3. Select the storage location 0 to 9 with the help of the rotary
switch [4].
4. Press the F4 button ENTER [8].
− If the storage location 0 is selected, the instrument setting of
the manufacturer is loaded. The following message appears on
the display [3]:
De f a u l t
Se t t i ng
. . . . . . . .
L OAD I NG
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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− If the storage location 1-9 is occupied, the current instrument
setting is loaded. The following message appears on the display
[3]:
Us e r Se t t i ng
. . . . . . . .
L OAD I NG
− If the storage location 1-9 is not occupied, the current
instrument setting is preserved. The following message appears
on the display [3]:
Us e r Se t t i ng . . .
I s No t De f i n e d !
− The AFG 100 returns to the 2nd stage of the menu for the user
settings.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
6.6 The Special Functions of the AFG 100 (SPC)
Calling up the
password input
1. Call up the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in
operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F4 button NEXT [8].
− The 2nd stage of the main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
I NT USR
Me n u - SPC EX I T
3. Press the F3 button SPC [7].
− The field for the input of the password appears on the display
[3]:
P a s swo r d :
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Entering
the password
4. With the cursor buttons 3 [6] und 4 [7], select the position of
the password to be changed.
5. Enter the right password with the help of the rotary switch
[4].
6. Press the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The special menu is opened to the authorized user (service
technicians) for service and calibration work.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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33
Wrong
password input
If the wrong password is entered the following message appears on
the display [3] and the instrument returns to the main menu:
P a s swo r d :
I NVAL I D !
7. Press the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 returns to the operating state.
6.7 Protection of the Signal Output
Operation
The signal output OUTPUT [11] is equipped with a protective circuit
(Reverse Power Protection).
If an external voltage V > ± 15 V is connected to the active signal
output [11] of the AFG 100, the signal output switches itself off
automatically.
Error message
The LED OUTPUT [10] at the front of the AFG 100 is cleared when
the AFG 100 is switched off and the following error message appears
on the display [3]:
* *
Er r or : 31
* *
RPP T r i p p e d !
Only after the error has been removed is the operating state of the
signal output automatically restored and the error message
disappears.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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7 Remote Control by Program
7.1 Preparation of the AFG 100
Attention!
For remote control of the AFG 100 the connecting cable of the serial
interface RS-232C has to be connected before switching on the
operating voltage.
Prerequisite
Remote control of the AFG 100 with a personal computer (PC) is
possible via the serial interface RS-232C. The interface of the
personal computer must be configured as described in paragraph 4.4.
The connecting cable must not be longer than 15 m.
Connecting the
connecting cable
1. Connect the connecting cable to the AFG 100 [13] and the PC.
Switching on
the AFG 100
3. Switch on the AFG 100.
− After the initialization test the AFG 100 can receive commands.
Note
2. Screw the connections in tight.
Make sure that the phase of the mains voltage at the AFG 100 and PC
is the same, the earth loops has been removed and the ESD
regulations are observed.
7.1.1 Selecting the Interface Parameters
Calling up
the menu
1. Press the F4 button MENU [8] when the AFG 100 is in operation.
− The main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
O U T S WP
Me n u - AM N E X T
2. Press the F4 button NEXT [8].
− The 2nd stage of the main menu appears on the display [3]:
- - Ma i n
I NT USR
Me n u - SPC EX I T
3. Press the F1 button INT [5].
− The menu for selecting the interface parameters appears on the
display [3]:
- - RS 2 3 2
BDR PROT
Se t
- EX I T
4. Select the corresponding menu point with the function buttons
F1-F4:
BDR [5] - to set the baud rate (see 7.1.1.1)
PROT [6] - to set the transmission protocol (see 7.1.1.2)
EXIT [8] - to leave the menu without changing the parameters or adapting the parameters if changes
have been made
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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35
7.1.1.1 Setting the Baud Rate (BDR)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for selecting the interface parameters with the
butten sequence: F4, F4, F1 (see 7.1.1).
2. Press the F1 button BDR [5].
− The current baud rate appears on the display [3], e. g.:
Ba ud
Ra t e :
9 6 0 0
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the baud rate with the help of the rotary switch
1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 [Bd]
[4].
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 changes to the menu for selecting the interface
parameters.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
After switching off the AFG 100 the current setting of the baud rate is
preserved.
7.1.1.2 Setting the Transmission Protocol (PROT)
Calling up
the menu point
1. Call up the menu for selecting the interface parameters with the
butten sequence: F4, F4, F1 (see 7.1.1).
2. Press the F4 button PROT [6].
− The current setting of the transmission protocol appears on the
display [3], e. g.:
P r o t oc o l :
NONE
Changing
the parameter
3. Change the setting of the transmission protocol with the help of
the rotary switch [4].
NONE
- communication without transmission protocol
RTS/CTS
- communication with RTS/CTS protocol
4. Save the new setting with the help of the F4 button ENTER [8].
− The AFG 100 changes to the menu for selecting the interface
parameters.
Changing to the
operating state
5. Repeated pressing of the F4-button [8] allows the user to shift
between the different menu levels and/or to the operating state of
the AFG 100:
Press × 1 - 2nd stage of the main menu
Press × 2 - operating state of the AFG 100
Note
After switching off the AFG 100 the current setting of the transmission protocol is preserved.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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1/2000
Communication with RTS/CTS protocol
Data received
from PC
Signal RTS=ON
− AFG 100 can receive data.
Signal RTS=OFF
− AFG 100 cannot receive data.
Data transmitted
to PC
Signal CTS=ON
− AFG 100 transmitting data.
Signal CTS=OFF
− AFG 100 not transmitting data.
Communication without RTS/CTS protocol
Data received
from PC
Signal RTS=ON
− AFG 100 can always receive data, when the input buffer is
overloaded, the error 131 INP.BUFFER FULL is reported.
Data transmitted
to PC
Signal CTS=ON
− AFG 100 can always transmit data.
7.1.2 Local Control ⇔ Remote Control
Activating the
remote control
Note
Transmit the command REN via the PC.
− The AFG 100 is in the Remote Control status. This is indicated by
the LED REM [9]. Afterwards control of the AFG 100 by the local
control elements is not possible (except with the F4 button LOC
[8]).
Block the F4 button LOC [8] with the help of the command LLO.
Then all the commands of the PC can be processed completely.
Activating the
local control
− There are several ways of switching from remote control to local
control:
By transmitting the command GTL (Go To Local) from the PC
By pressing the F4 button LOC [8] at the AFG 100 if the
keyboard has not been locked by the command LLO (Local
Lock Out)
By switching the power switch [1] off and on
− The keyboard is ready for use again after the transition to local
control. The LED REM [9] goes out.
Remote control
at local control
− The following commands and instrument messages can also be
transmitted by the PC when the AFG 100 is on local control:
*IDN?, *CLS,* ESR?,* ESE, *ESE?,
*STB?, *SRE, *SRE? ,ERR?, DER?
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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37
7.2 Messages of the AFG 100 on Remote Control
7.2.1 Description of the Unit Status
Introduction
The current status of the operating conditions of the AFG 100 can be
interrogated at any time via the EVENT STATUS REGISTER and
the STATUS BYTE REGISTER.
7.2.1.1 ESR - EVENT STATUS REGISTER
Reading and deleting
the register
The contents of the ESER register <XXX> are saved in the output
buffer and deleted by transmitting the command *ESR?.
The ESR register is set on Ø also after the following operations:
Switching on the AFG 100 (except bit 7)
Transmitting the command *CLS (except bit 4 - MAV)
Changing the interface parameters
Contents of the
ESR register
Bit 7: (PON) Power On
Operating readiness and interface activities are displayed on 1.
Bit 6: (URQ) User Request
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 5: (CME) Command Error
Is set on 1 at instruction errors.
Bit 4: (EXE) Execution Error
Is set on 1 at query errors and execution errors.
Bit 3: (DDE) Device Dependent Error
Device errors are displayed on 1.
Bit 2: (QYE) Query Error
Is set on 1 at query errors.
Bit 1: (RQC) Request Control
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 0: (OPC) Operation Complete
Is set on 1 by transmitting the command *OPC.
ESE - EVENT STATUS ENABLE REGISTER
Meaning
of the register
Various statuses and settings of the AFG 100 can be checked. For this
the contents of the ESR register are called with the help of a mask.
The single bits are compared and evaluated by the following logical
equation:
ESB = (ESR7 ∧ ESE7) ∨ (ESR6 ∧ ESE6) ∨ (ESR5 ∧ ESE5) ∨
(ESR4 ∧ ESE4) ∨ (ESR3 ∧ ESE3) ∨ (ESR2 ∧ ESE2) ∨
(ESR1 ∧ ESE1) ∨ (ESR0 ∧ ESE0)
The result ESB (Event Summary Bit) is entered in the STB register.
Describing
the register
The command *ESE <XXX> offers the possibility of initializing the
ESE register with any mask. The value <XXX> has to be within the
range of 0 to 255. Otherwise the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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Reading and deleting
the register
The current contents <XXX> are saved in the output buffer by
transmitting the command *ESE?.
The ESE register is set on Ø after the following operations:
Switching on the AFG 100
Transmitting the command *ESE 0
Changing the interface parameters
7.2.1.2 STB - STATUS BYTE REGISTER
Reading and deleting
the register
The contents of the STB register <XXX> are filed in the output buffer
by transmitting the command *STB?.
The STB register is set on Ø after the following operations:
Switching on the AFG 100
Transmitting the command *CLS (except bit 4 - MAV)
Changing the interface parameters
Contents of the
STB register
Bit 7: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 6: (MSS) Master Summary Bit
Result during checkup of the STB register with a mask (SRE
register, see below).
Bit 5: (ESB) Event Summary Bit
Result during checkup of the ESR register with a mask (ESE
register, see above).
Bit 4: (MAV) Message Available
Is set on 1 if a current message of the AFG 100 is requested at
the output buffer.
Bit 3: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 2: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 1: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 0: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
SRE - SERVICE REQUEST ENABLE REGISTER
Meaning
of the register
Various statuses and settings of the AFG 100 can be checked. For this
the contents of the STB register are called with the help of a mask.
The single bits (except SRE bit 6, which is always set on Ø) are
compared and evaluated by the following logical equation:
MSS = (STB7 ∧ SRE7) ∨ (STB5 ∧ SRE5) ∨ (STB4 ∧ SRE4) ∨
(STB3 ∧ SRE3) ∨ (STB2 ∧ SRE2) ∨ (STB1 ∧ SRE1) ∨
(STB0 ∧ SRE0)
The result MSS (Master Summary Status) is entered in the STB
register.
Describing
the register
The command *SRE <XXX> offers the possibility of initializing the
SRE register with any mask. The value <XXX> has to be within the
range of 0 to 255. Otherwise the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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39
Reading and deleting
the register
The current contents <XXX> are saved in the output buffer by
transmitting the command *SRE?.
The SRE register is set on Ø after the following operations:
Switching on the AFG 100
Transmitting the command *SRE 0
Changing the interface parameters
7.2.2 Description of Errors
Contents of the
fault register
When errors occur in the remote-controlled settings and queries, they
are saved with a code in the error register.
Reading and deleting
the register
The contents of the error register can be called and deleted at any
time by transmitting the command ERR?.
If several errors arise only the error codes of the first and last error
are saved. By repeatedly transmitting the command ERR? the error
codes are filed in the output buffer.
The error register is set on Ø after the following operations:
Repeated use of the command ERR? (according to the number of
errors)
Initialization of the status register (*CLS)
Note
Before transmission of the command ERR? the interface command
DCL has to be transmitted.
7.2.2.1 DER - DEVICE ERROR REGISTER
Meaning
of the register
The contents of the DER register specify the device error in the error
register.
Reading and deleting
the register
The contents of the register <XXX> within the range of 0 to 255 are
filed in the output buffer by transmitting the command DER?.
The DER register is set on Ø after the following commands:
Repeated use of the command ERR? (according to the number of
errors)
Initializing of status structure (*CLS)
Contents of the
DER register
Bit 7:
Bit 6:
Bit 5:
Bit 4:
Bit 3:
Bit 2:
Bit 1:
Bit 0:
Note
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Is set on 1, if the calibration data have been deleted.
Is set on 1, if the data in the RAM memory have been deleted.
Is set on 1, if an external voltage of > ± 15 V is connected at
the output and the output has been switched off.
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
When a device error occurs the bit 3 (DDE) of the ESR register is set
on 1.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
40
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7.2.2.2 Error Messages
The error messages are dependent on the operating status and the
type of error.
On local control interface errors are displayed for only a short
time. On remote control of the AFG 100 interface errors are
displayed until the contents of the error register have been queried
or deleted.
Device errors are displayed during the error status.
Dependence of the
error message
List of Error Messages
Error
code
Error mode
Text of messages
0
-
Meaning of text
Faultless operation
DEVICE ERROR
Device error
31
RPP TRIPPED
Output overload with external voltage
98
INVALID PASSWORD
Wrong password
Query error
QUERY ERROR
120
BAD USING QUERY
Used query is wrong
EXECUTION ERROR
Execution error
131
NO EXECUTION
132
NOT EX. IN LOCAL
134
VAL. OUT OF RANGE
151
Cannot be executed
Cannot be executed on local control
Value is out of range
COMMAND ERROR
Command error
ILLEGAL COMMAND
Unknown command
Error of the RS-232C interface
RS 232 ERROR
181
Input buffer is full
INP. BUFFER FULL
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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41
7.3 List of Commands on Remote Control
7.3.1 General Commands
7.3.1.1 Interface Commands
REN
(Remote)
LLO
(Local Lock Out)
GTL
(Go To Local)
DCL
(Device Clear)
Note
− Transition from local control to remote control
ASCII
Character (dec.)
HT
9
− Locking of the F4 button LOC [8]
ASCII
Character (dec.)
EM
25
− Transition from remote control to local control
ASCII
Character (dec.)
SOH
1
− Initializing the communications protocol of the interface
− Initializing the partial circuit and deleting the buffer
ASCII
Character (dec.)
DC4
20
The command DCL has no influence on the functions of the device.
These have to be initialized by the general command *RST.
7.3.1.2 Initializing the Instrument Settings
*RST
(Reset)
Note
− Basic initialization of the AFG 100 as during the starting (see 6.2).
After switching on the AFG 100 the commands *RST, DCL and *CLS
are executed automatically and the contents of the ESE and SRE
registers are deleted. Bit 7 (PON) of the ESR register is set on 1.
7.3.1.3 Self-Diagnosis of the AFG 100
*TST?
(Test)
− Start of internal test and saving of result
where:
0 - test is successful
1 - test is not successful
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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7.3.1.4 Identification of the AFG 100
*IDN?
(Identification)
Note
− Identification digimess,AFG 100, <X...X>,<Y...Y>
where:
<X...X> - production number or 0
<Y...Y> - software version or 0
The query *IDN? should be written at the end of the command line
because subsequent data may be lost before transmission. Otherwise
the error 120 BAD USING QUERY is reported.
7.3.1.5 Initializing the Status Structure
*CLS
(Clear Status Byte)
− Resetting of ESR and STB registers (except bit 4 - MAV)
ESE and SRE registers are not deleted.
− Initializing of the error structure (see 7.2.2)
7.3.1.6 Sync Commands
*WAI
(Waiting)
− The following commands are executed only after completion of
the current operation.
*OPC
(Operation Complete)
− After completion of the current operation bit 0 (OPC) in the ESR
register is set on 1.
*OPC?
− After completion of the current operation the number 1 is saved in
the output buffer.
Note
In the AFG 100 all commands are executed sequentially. The
execution of the next command starts only when the current operation
is
ended.
While the commands *OPC and *OPC? are executed immediately,
the command *WAI does not have any effect.
7.3.1.7 Query of the Instrument Status
ERR?
(Error)
DER?
*ESR?
*ESE <XXX>
*ESE?
*STB?
*SRE <XXX>
*SRE?
− Reading and resetting of the error messages (see 7.2.2)
− Contents of the DER register are filed in the output buffer.
− Reading of the ESR register (see 7.2.1.1)
− Reading of the STB register (see 7.2.1.2)
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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43
7.3.2 Instrument Settings and Messages
7.3.2.1 Output Frequency
FREQ <X...X>
− Frequency setting [Hz] within the range of 0.010 to 1.2500E7 (in
the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
FREQ?
− The set frequency value [Hz] is filed in the output buffer with the
following format:
HZ <X.XXXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZX.XXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZXX.XXE+0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0, 3 or 6
7.3.2.2 Sample Period at Arbitrary Signals
RATE <XX>
Note
RATE?
− Setting the sample rate of the arbitrary signal with the help of the
coefficient N within the range of 1 to 32 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Sample rate = 30 ns * 2N-1, N = 1 to 32
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set sample rate [s] is filed in the output buffer with the
following format:
S <Z.XXXXE±0Y> or
S <ZX.XXXE±0Y> or
S <ZXX.XXE±0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0, 3, 6 or 9
7.3.2.3 Output Level
LEVEL <X...X>
− Level setting [V] within the range of 10.0E-03 to 10.0 (in the free
format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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LEVEL
− The set output level [V] is filed in the output buffer with the
following format:
V <Z.XXE±0Y> or
V <ZX.XE±0Y> or
V <ZXXE±0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0 or 3
7.3.2.4 Dc Voltage Offset of the Output Signal
OFFSET <X...X>
Note
OFFSET
− Setting the dc voltage offset of the output signal [V] within the
range of –2.5 to +2.5 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set dc voltage offset [V] is filed in the output buffer with the
following format:
V <TZ.XXE+00>
where: T - character (-/blank)
Z - character from 0 to 2
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
7.3.2.5 Wave Form of the Output Signal
W_SINE
− The sinusoidal output signal is selected.
W_SQUARE
− The square-wave output signal is selected.
W_TRIANGLE
− The triangular output signal is selected.
W_RAMPUP
− The sawtooth output signal (Ramp Up) is selected.
W_RAMPDN
− The sawtooth output signal (Ramp Down) is selected.
W_ARBIT
− The saved arbitrary output signal is selected.
WAVE?
− The current selection of the wave form at the output of the
AFG 100 is filed in the output buffer with the following format:
W_SINE, W_SQUARE, W_TRIANGLE, W_RAMPUP,
W_RAMPDN or W_ARBIT
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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45
7.3.2.6 Switching State of the Signal and Sync Outputs
Signal output
OUT_ON
− The signal output is switched on.
OUT_OFF
− The signal output is switched off.
OUT?
− The current state of the signal output is filed in the output buffer:
OUT_ON or OUT_OFF
Sync output
SOUT_OFF
− The square-wave signal at the sync output is switched off.
SOUT_POS
− The positive square-wave signal at the sync output is switched on.
SOUT_NEG
− The negative square-wave signal at the sync output is switched on.
SOUT
− The current status is filed in the output buffer:
SOUT_OFF, SOUT_POS or SOUT_NEG
7.3.2.7 Sweep Function
Switching on/off
SWP_OFF
− The sweep function is switched off.
SWP_LIN
− The linear sweep function is switched on.
SWP_LOG
− The logarithmic sweep function is switched on.
SWP
− The current state of the sweep function is filed in the output
buffer:
SWP_OFF, SWP_LIN or SWP_LOG
Frequency limits
SWP_START <X...X> − Setting the lower frequency limit [Hz] within the range of 0.010 to
1.250E7 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
SWP_START
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set lower frequency limit [Hz] is filed in the output buffer
with the following format:
HZ <X.XXXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZX.XXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZXX.XXE+0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0, 3 or 6
SWP_STOP <X...X> − Setting the upper frequency limit [Hz] within the range of 0.010 to
1.250E7 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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Note
SWP_STOP
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set upper frequency limit [Hz] is filed in the output buffer
with the following format:
HZ <X.XXXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZX.XXXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZXX.XXE+0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0, 3 or 6
Period
SWP_TIME <X...X>
Note
SWP_TIME
− Setting the period [s] within the range of 10E-3 to 60 (in the free
format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set period [s] is filed in the output buffer with the following
format:
S <ZXE±0Y> or
S <Z.XXE±0Y> or
S <ZX.XE±0Y> or
S <ZXXE±0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0 or 3
7.3.2.8 Amplitude Modulation
Switching on/off
AM_OFF
− The amplitude modulation is switched off.
AM_INT
− The amplitude modulation (internal modulation source) is
switched on.
AM_EXT
− The amplitude modulation (external modulation source) is
switched on.
AM
− The current state of the amplitude modulation is filed in the output
buffer:
AM_OFF, AM_INT or AM_EXT
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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47
Modulation depth at internal AM
AM_DEPTH <X...X> − Setting the modulation depth [%] at internal amplitude modulation
within the range of 0 to 100 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
AM_DEPTH
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
− The set modulation depth [%] at internal amplitude modulation is
filed in the output buffer with the following format:
PCT <X> or
PCT <ZX> or
PCT 100
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
Modulating frequency at internal AM
AM_FREQ <X...X>
− Setting the discreet frequency values of the oscillator at internal
amplitude modulation within the range of 1 to 31 (in the free
format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
AM_FREQ
− The set frequency value of the internal oscillator at internal
amplitude modulation is filed in the output buffer with the
following format:
HZ <Z.XXE+0Y> or
HZ <ZX.XE+0Y> or
HZ <ZXXE+0Y>
where: Z - character from 1 to 9
X - character from 0 to 9
E - exponent
Y - character 0 or 3
7.3.2.9 Saving the Arbitrary Signals
Memory addressing
ARB_ADR <X...X>
Note
− Input of the start address for saving/loading the arbitrary signal
within the range of 0 to 8191 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
48
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Saving with ASCII font
ARB_DATA <X...X> − Saving a sample of the arbitrary signal within the range of 0 to
65535 (in the free format)
The numeric argument is rounded up.
Note
If the value is out of range the error 134 VAL. OUT OF RANGE is
reported.
The start address is set with the command ARB_ADR (see above).
The command ARB_DATA sets the internal address pointer
automatically.
<X...X>
Structure of the
saved data
Bit 15:
If this bit is set on 1, a sync marker is generated. This is
carried out when the sample is at the output.
Bit 14:
If this bit is set on 1 at all samples, the sync markers
are generated according to the setting of bit 15.
Bit 13 ... 10: Is not used, is always set on Ø.
Bit 9:
MSB of the sample
Bit 8 ... 1:
Sample of the wave form
Bit 0:
LSB of the sample
Note
If bits 14 and 15 are set on Ø, internal sync markers are generated
automatically.
Bit 9 ... 0
Contents of
the sample
When setting the output level Vpp = 1 V and when using the internal
sync markers the output level corresponds to the following numeric
argument (in the free format):
- 0.5 V ...
corresponds to 0 ...
... + 0.5 V
corresponds to ... 1023
ARB_DATA
− A saved sample of the arbitrary signal is filed in the output buffer
with the following format:
0 ... 65535
Note
The command ARB_DATA sets the internal address pointer
automatically.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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49
Saving with binary data blocks
ARB <ABPD>
− Fast saving of a whole data block of the arbitrary signal (Arbitrary
Block Program Data) in the following format:
#<NZD><D><DB>
where: #
- Start signal of the data block
<NZD> - ASCII number (no 0) within the range of 49
to 57 (dec.) which defines the number of the
<D>
<DB>
following ASCII numbers
- ASCII number within the range of 48 to 57
(dec.) which defines the number of the
following binary data blocks
- binary data within the range of 0 to 255 (dec.),
which are transmitted in the following order:
1. High byte of the data word
2. Low byte of the data word
Example:
<DB>
Structure of
the data word
#500004<DB><DB><DB><DB>
High byte of the data word:
Bit 7:
Bit 6:
Bit 5 ... 2:
Bit 1:
Bit 0:
If this bit is set on 1, a sync marker is generated. This is
carried out when the sample is at the output.
If this bit is set on 1 at all samples, the sync markers
are generated according to the setting of bit 7 (High
byte).
Is not used, is always set on Ø.
MSB of the sample
Sample of the wave form
Low byte of the data word:
Bit 7 ... 1:
Bit 0:
Bit 1 ... 0 (H byte),
Bit 7 ... 1 (L byte)
Contents of
the samples
Sample of the wave form
LSB of the sample
When setting the output level Vpp = 1 V and when using the internal
sync markers the output level corresponds to the following numeric
argument:
- 0.5 V ...
corresponds to H byte 0 dec. and L byte 0 dec.
... + 0.5 V
corresponds to H byte 3 dec. and L byte 255 dec.
7.3.2.10 Password Input
PASSWORD <X...X> − Input the 8-digit password <XXXXXXXX> for access to the service
menu
Note
If the password is wrong, the error 98 INVALID PASSWORD is
reported.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
50
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7.4 Programming Notes
Command line
Single commands can be written consecutively in one command line,
the length of which must not exceed 64 characters. In case errors occur,
the command sequence is ignored and error 181 INP. BUFFER FULL is
indicated.
Separation
characters
Commands and device messages have to be separated by a semicolon:
Final characters
ASCII
Character (dec.)
;
59
A final character is at the end of every command line.
During transmission of commands to the AFG 100:
ASCII
Character (dec.)
LF
10
During reception of commands from the AFG 100:
ASCII
Character (dec.)
CR + LF
13 + 10
Parameter separators Certain commands or messages can contain parameters or results which
are separated from the command by a parameter separator.
During transmission of commands to the AFG 100:
ASCII
SP
NUL
STX
VT
NAK
SUB
to
to
to
to
Character (dec.)
32
0
2
11
21
26
BS
DC3
CAN
US
to
to
to
to
8
19
24
31
During reception of commands from the AFG 100:
ASCII
Character (dec.)
SP
32
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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51
7.5 Program Example for Square-wave Signal (Q Basic)
100
*
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
*
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
'*********************************************************
'
The Example in Microsoft Q Basic
'
of using the AFG 100 with RS-232C interface
'
Serial port is com1 and Bd rate is 9600
'
Settings - output frequency: 1.234 kHz
'
- output level: 2 V
'
- wave form: square-wave
'*********************************************************
CLS
'**** Activating interface ****
IDCL$ = CHR$(20): IREN$ = CHR$(9): ILLO$ = CHR$(25):
IGTL$ = CHR$(1)
'**** Set up device and status reporting ****
OPEN "COM1:9600,n,8,1,CS30000,LF" FOR RANDOM AS #1
'**** Set up AFG 100 and status reporting ****
PRINT #1, IDCL$; IREN$; ILLO$; "*RST;*CLS"
'**** Frequency setting ****
PRINT #1, "FREQ 1.2345E+3"
'**** Output wave form setting ****
PRINT #1, "W_SQUARE"
'**** Output level setting ****
PRINT #1, "LEVEL 2"
'**** Signal output setting ****
PRINT #1, "OUT_ON"
'****
PRINT
INPUT
PRINT
Set
#1,
#1,
#1,
local mode ****
"*OPC?"
A$
IGTL$
'**** Close statement ****
CLOSE #1
END
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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8 Loading External Arbitrary Signals
Introduction
Each arbitrary signal which is to be used within the AFG 100 must be
generated externally. The data which have been generated (samples)
must have a defined format and can be loaded into the AFG 100 as a
TXT file or a BIN file via interface RS-232C.
Several options are available for data transmission with a PC (e. g.
MS-DOS, Special Program).
After activating ARBITRARY mode, the transmitted arbitrary signal is
loaded into the main memory (DDS RAM) and is available as a wave
form.
8.1 File Creation
8.1.1 Structure of a TXT File (ASCII)
Instructions
The file should have the following structure:
1. Command REN
− Activating the remote control
2. Command ARB_ADR 0
− Input of the start address when saving the arbitrary signal
(see 7.3.2.9)
3. 8192 × command ARB_DATA <X...X>
− Saving the 8,192 samples of an arbitrary signal (see 7.3.2.9)
Simple ASCII TXT file Ø9H
ARB_ADR 0
with arbitrary signal
ARB_DATA
ARB_DATA
ARB_DATA
...
ARB_DATA
Note
<Value_1>
<Value_2>
<Value_3>
<Value_8192>
Each instruction can be found on one line of the file, i. e. it is
concluded with the final characters CR (13 dec.) and LF (10 dec.).
8.1.2 Structure of a BIN File (HEX)
Instructions
The file should have the following structure:
1. Command REN
− Activating the remote control
2. Command ARB #516384
− The instruction leads the block of the binary data which
characterizes the arbitrary signal with a length of 16,384 bytes.
3. 8,192 × byte Arbitrary dat <XX>
− Saving the 8,192 samples of an arbitrary signal (see 7.3.2.9)
Simple binary file with Ø9H
ARB #516384<H_byte-Value_1><L_bytearbitrary signal
Value_1> ... ... <H_byte-Value_8129><L_byteValue_8129>
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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53
8.2 Data Transmission
8.2.1 Transmission of a TXT file
8.2.1.1 Transmission via MS DOS
Instructions
1. Make the connection between AFG 100 and PC (see 7.1).
2. Set the following interface parameters in the AFG 100:
Baud rate:
max. 4,800 Bd (see 7.1.1.1)
Transmission protocol: switched off (see 7.1.1.2)
3. Configure the PC with the following command:
MODE COMz:4800,N,8,1
where: z - number of the serial port
4. Transmit the TXT file from the PC to the AFG 100 with the
following command:
COPY x.y COMz: /B /V
where: x.y - file name of the TXT file
z - number of the serial port of the PC
Note
The transmission time is approx. 4 minutes. After fault-free
completion of the transmission confirmation appears at the screen.
8.2.1.2 Transmission via Windows with the Help of the TERMINAL Program
Instructions
1. Make the connection between AFG 100 and PC (see 7.1).
2. Set the following interface parameters in the AFG 100:
Baud rate:
max. 4,800 Bd (see 7.1.1.1)
Transmission protocol: switched off (see 7.1.1.2)
3. Configure the serial interface in the program TERMINAL via the
menu: Settings\Communication.
Baud rate:
max. 4,800 Bd
Data bits:
8
Stop bits:
1
Parity:
without
Control of the data flow:
none
Parity check:
none
Detecting of the disk:
none
Serial port:
COM 1/2
4. Set the control of the data flow in the program TERMINAL via
the menu: Settings\Transmitting Of The Text.
Standard control of the data flow
5. Activate the data transmission in the program TERMINAL via the
menu: Transmission\Send Text File
Select the corresponding file with arbitrary signals
Set the option “after the CR sign without changes” (neither add
nor leave out the sign LF)
Transmit the TXT file from the PC to the AFG 100
Operating Instructions AFG 100
54
1/2000
Note
The transmission time is approx. 4 minutes. After fault-free
completion of the transmission confirmation appears at the screen.
8.2.2 Transmission of a BIN File
8.2.2.1 Transmission via MS DOS
Instructions
1. Make the connection between AFG 100 and PC (see 7.1).
2. Set the following interface parameters in the AFG 100:
Baud rate:
max. 19,200 Bd (see 7.1.1.1)
Transmission protocol: switched off (see 7.1.1.2)
3. Configure the PC with the following command:
MODE COMz:19200,N,8,1
where: z - number of the serial port
4. Transmit the BIN file from the PC to the AFG 100 with the
following command:
COPY x.y COMz: /B /V
where: x.y - file name of the BIN file
z - number of the serial port of the PC
Note
The transmission time is approx. 8 seconds. After fault-free
completion of the transmission confirmation appears at the screen.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
55
8.2.2.2 Transmission via Windows with the Help of the TERMINAL Program
Instructions
1. Make the connection between AFG 100 and PC (see 7.1).
2. Set the following interface parameters in the AFG 100:
Baud rate:
max. 19,200 Bd (see 7.1.1.1)
Transmission protocol: switched off (see 7.1.1.2)
3. Configure the serial interface in the program TERMINAL via the
menu: Settings\Communication.
Baud rate:
max. 19,200 Bd
Data bits:
8
Stop bits:
1
Parity:
without
Control of the data flow:
none
Parity check:
none
Detecting of the disk:
none
Serial port:
COM 1/2
4. Set the control of the data flow in the program TERMINAL via
the menu: Settings\Transmitting Of The Text.
Standard control of the data flow
5. Activate the data transmission in the program TERMINAL via the
menu: Transmission\Send Text File
Select the corresponding file with arbitrary signals
Set the option “after the CR sign without changes” (neither add
nor leave out the sign LF)
Transmit the TXT file from the PC to the AFG 100
Note
The transmission time is approx. 8 seconds. After fault-free
completion of the transmission confirmation appears at the screen.
8.2.3 Transmission with Special Program
Instructions
1. Make the connection between AFG 100 and PC (see 7.1).
2. Set the following interface parameters in the AFG 100:
Baud rate:
max. 19,200 Bd (see 7.1.1.1)
Transmission protocol: switched off (see 7.1.1.2)
3. Start the special program ARB_AFG.EXE and set the following
parameters:
Number of the serial port of the PC: COM 1/2
Baud rate:
according to AFG 100
Name of the TXT file or BIN file
4. Transmit the TXT file or BIN file from the PC to the AFG100.
Note
The program makes possible the conversion of a TXT file to a BIN
file simultaneously.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
56
1/2000
8.3 Activating the Arbitrary Signal
Instructions
1. Press the F4 button LOC [8] of the AFG 100 after transmission of
the TXT file or BIN file.
− The AFG 100 changes from remote control to local control.
2. Set the wave form ARBITRARY at the AFG 100 (see 6.3.4).
− The transferred arbitrary signal is loaded in the main memory
(DDS RAM) and is available as wave form.
8.4 Contents of Enclosed Diskette
Contents
of the diskette
There are the following files on the diskette:
READ_ME.DOC - Description “loading of external arbitrary
signals” (see 8)
ARB_AFG.EXE
- Special program for data transmission
ARB_FCE.TXT
- TXT file for an arbitrary signal
Text file
ARB_FCE.TXT
The generated arbitrary signal is described with the following
equation:
4 *x
 210
−
 16 * x

210 

f ( x ) = INT 
* sin
* 2π  * exp 8192 +
 8192

2 
 2
The TXT file can be loaded in the AFG 100 with the abovementioned possibilities of data transmission.
Operating Instructions AFG 100
1/2000
57
9 Care and Maintenance
Warning!
The AFG 100 must be separated from all power sources before
maintenance work is carried out and before parts or fuses are repaired
or replaced.
Care
Only use a soft wet rag with some soap suds or a soft rinse liquid for
cleaning. Avoid acrid cleanser and solvents.
Maintenance
The AFG 100 does not require special maintenance if it is used and
handled correctly.
Service work should only be done by trained personnel.
In case of repairs it is vital to ensure that the design features of the
AFG 100 are not changed, resulting in a reduction in operational
safety, and that replacement parts match the original ones and are
installed properly (original state).
Operating Instructions AFG 100
58
1/2000
10 Appendix
10.1 List of Operating Functions
Operating function
Butten sequence in the operating state
Operating parameters:
Input of the output frequency
Input of the output level
Input of the dc voltage offset
Selecting the wave form
Input of the sample period
at arbitrary signals
(FREQ)
(LEVEL)
(OFFSET)
(WAVE)
(FREQ)
[Frequency], F4
F1: F2-F3 [34],
[Level], F4
F2: F2-F3 [34],
[Offset], F4
F2: F1 [v], F2-F3 [34],
[Wave form], F4
F3:
[Sample period], F4
F1:
(SIGNAL)
F4, F1, F2/F3:
Operating modes:
Activating the outputs:
Switching on/off
the signal output
Switching on/off
the sync output
Activating the sweep function:
Switching on/off
the sweep function
Input of the frequency limits
[ON/OFF], F4, ...
(SYNC)
F4, F1, F1:
[POS/NEG/OFF], F4, ...
(MOD)
F4, F2, F1:
[LIN/LOG/OFF], F4, ...
(FREQ)
Input of the period
(ST)
Activating the amplitude modulation:
Switching on/off
(MOD)
the amplitude modulation
Input of the modulation depth
(DEPTH)
at internal AM
Input of the frequency
(F)
at internal AM
F4, F2, F2: F2-F3 [34],
F2-F3 [34],
F4, F2, F3: F2-F3 [34],
F4, F3, F1:
[INT/EXT/OFF], F4, ...
F4, F3, F2: F2-F3 [34],
F4, F3, F3:
[START], F1 [v],
[STOP], F4, ...
[Period], F4, ...
[AM depth], F4, ...
[AM Freq.], F4, ...
User settings:
Switching on/off
the initialization test
Self-diagnosis
Adapting the display:
Contrast setting
Brightness setting
instrument settings:
Saving the instrument settings
Loading the instrument settings
Configuring the interface:
Baud rate
Transmission protocol
(PS)
(TEST)
(CONT)
(BRIGHT)
(STO)
(RCL)
(BDR)
(PROT)
F4, F4, F2, F1:
[ON/OFF], F4, ...
F4, F4, F2, F2: [Result], F4, ...
[0-100 %], F4, ...
F4, F4, F2, F3, F1:
F4, F4, F2, F3, F2/F3:
[0-100 %], F4, ...
F4, F4, F2, F4, F1:
F4, F4, F2, F4, F2:
F4, F4, F1, F1:
F4, F4, F1, F2:
[Memory 1-9], F4, ...
[Memory 0-9], F4, ...
[Bd rate], F4, ...
[Protocol], F4, ...
Special functions:
Password input
(SPC)
F4, F4, F3: F2-F3 [34],
Operating Instructions AFG 100
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59
[Password], F4, ...
10.2 List of Instrument Messages
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Powe r Up Se l f T e s t
− Internal test starts (see 6.2)
Te s t i ng :
. . . . . . . .
< UN I T >
PASSED
− Faultless test, <UNIT> stands for the unit which has
just been tested (see 6.2)
Te s t i ng :
. . . . . . . .
< UN I T >
E RROR
− Error during test, <UNIT> stands for the unit which has
just been tested (see 6.2)
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Ca l i b r a t i o n OF F !
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
B a d B a c k u p RAM
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
B a d E E P R OM C R C
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
Ve r : 2 , 0 0
GENERA T OR A F G1 0 0
READY
− Warning with error characteristics (see 6.2)
− Error description (see 6.2)
− Error description (see 6.2)
− Version of the firmware (see 6.2)
− Operational readiness of the AFG 100 (see 6.2)
Cu r r e n t
Se t t i ng :
SAV I NG
. . . . . . . .
− Saving the current instrument settings
(see 6.5.4.1)
De f a u l t
Se t t i ng
. . . . . . . .
L OAD I NG
− Loading the manufacture’s instrument settings
(see 6.5.4.2)
Us e r Se t t i ng
. . . . . . . .
L OAD I NG
− Loading of the saved user settings
(see 6.5.4.2)
Us e r Se t t i ng . . .
I s No t De f i n e d !
P a s swo r d :
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P a s swo r d :
I NVAL I D !
* *
E r r o r :
3 1
* *
RPP T r i p p e d !
− No settings are saved (see 6.5.4.2)
− Password input (see 6.6)
− Invalid password (see 6.6)
− Signal output of external source is overloaded
(see 6.7)
Operating Instructions AFG 100
60
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