Rae AreaRAE Gamma Operation & Maintenance Manual

AreaRAE
Wireless Multi-Gas Monitor
Includes AreaRAE, AreaRAE Gamma,
AreaRAE Gamma Steel,
And AreaRAE Steel
Operation & Maintenance Manual
Document Number: 029-4034-000
Revision B, May 2008
This product may be covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents:
5,393,979
5,561,344
5,773,833
6,225,633
6,313,638
6,333,632
6,320,388
- READ BEFORE OPERATING This manual must be carefully read by ALL individuals who
have or will have the responsibility for using, maintaining, or
servicing this product. The product will perform as designed
only if it is used, maintained, and serviced in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions.
When the AreaRAE is removed from the transport case and
turned on for the first time, there may be residual organic or
inorganic vapor trapped inside the detector chamber. The initial
PID or toxic sensor reading may indicate a few ppm. Ensure an
area free of organic or toxic vapors and turn the monitor on.
After running the monitor for several minutes, the residual
vapor in the detector chamber should clear, and the reading
should return to zero.
The battery of the AreaRAE slowly drains even when it is not
on. If the monitor has not been charged for 5 to 7 days, the
battery voltage will be low. Therefore, it is good practice to
charge the monitor before each use. It is also recommended to
fully charge the monitor for AT LEAST 10 HOURS before initial
use. See Section 6 for more information on battery charging
and replacement.
CAUTION!
To reduce the risk of electric shock, turn the power off before
opening the monitor cover. Disconnect the battery before
removing sensor module for service. Never operate the monitor
when the cover is removed. Remove monitor cover and sensor
module only in an area known to be non-hazardous.
AreaRAE, AreaRAE Gamma, AreaRAE Steel, and AreaRAE
Gamma Steel Multi-Gas Monitors are certified for:
CSA Canada/USA Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C, D
The AreaRAE Steel and AreaRAE Gamma steel Multi-Gas
Monitor are also certified for:
EX II 3G EEx nAL IIC T6
i
AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
WARNINGS
Use only RAE Systems rechargeable battery pack part number
029-3051-000/029-3151-000, or alkaline battery pack part
number 029-3052-000/029-3152-000. Use only DURACELL
Mn1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C size batteries with alkaline
battery pack. This instrument has not been tested in an
explosive gas/air atmosphere having an oxygen concentration
greater than 21%. Substitution of components may impair
suitability for Class I, Division 2. Recharge/replace batteries
only in non-hazardous locations. Do not connect the serial
communication port in a hazardous location.
STATIC HAZARD: Clean only with a damp cloth.
For safety reasons this equipment must be operated and
serviced by qualified personnel only. Read and understand
instruction manual completely before operating or servicing.
Only the combustible gas detection portion of this instrument
has been assessed for performance.
Before each day’s usage, sensitivity must be tested on a
known concentration of methane gas equivalent to 20% to 50%
of full-scale concentration. Accuracy must be within ±20% of
actual. Accuracy may be corrected by calibration procedure.
Any rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic
reading may indicate a gas concentration beyond upper scale
limit which may be hazardous.
The calibration of all newly purchased RAE Systems
instruments should be tested by exposing the sensor(s) to
known concentration calibration gas before the instrument is
used or put into service. For maximum safety, the accuracy of
the AreaRAE and AreaRAE Gamma should be checked by
exposing the sensor(s) to known concentration calibration gas
before each day’s use.
ii
AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
AVERTISSEMENT
Utiliser seulement l'ensemble de batterie RAE Systems, la
référence 029-3051-000/029-3151-000 ou 029-3052-000/0293152-000. Cet instrument n’a pas été essayé dans une
atmosphère de gaz/air explosive ayant une concentration
d’oxygène plus élevée que 21%. La substitution de
composants peut compromettre la sécurité intrinsèque. Ne
charger les batteries que dans un emplacement désigné non
dangereux. Ne reliez pas le port de communication périodique
dans un endroit dangereux.
DANGER RISQUE D'ORIGINE ELECTROSTATIQUE:
Nettoyer uniquement avec un chiffon humide.
Pour des raisons de sécurité, cet équipement doit être utilisé,
entretenu et réparé uniquement par un personnel qualifié. Étudier
le manuel d’instructions en entier avant d’utiliser, d’entretenir ou
de réparer l’équipement.
Uniquement, la portion pour détecter les gaz combustibles de cet
instrument a été évaluée.
Avant chaque utilisation journalière vérifier la sensibilité avec une
concentration connue de méthane équivalente a 20-50% de la
pleine échelle. La précision doit être comprise entre ±20% de la
valeur vraie et peut être corrigée par une procédure dietalonnage.
Toute lecture rapide et positive, suivie d’une baisse subite au
erratique de la valeur, peut indiquer une concentration de gaz
hors gamme de détection qui peut être dangereuse.
La calibration de toute instruments de RAE Systems doit être
testé en exposant l’instrument à une concentration de gaz connue
par une procédure dietalonnage avant de mettre en service
l’instrument pour la première fois. Pour une sécurité maximale, la
sensibilité du AreaRAE et AreaRAE-Gamma doit être vérifié en
exposant l’instrument à une concentration de gaz connue par une
procédure dietalonnage avant chaque utilisation journalière.
iii
AreaRAE Steel & AreaRAE Gamma Steel
WARNINGS
Explosion Hazard – Substitution of components may impair
suitability for Division 2 hazardous locations.
Use only RAE Systems rechargeable battery pack part number
029-3153-200/029-3153-000(ATEX only), or alkaline battery
pack part number 029-3154-000. Use only DURACELL
MN1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C size batteries with alkaline
battery pack. This instrument has not been tested in an
explosive gas/air atmosphere having an oxygen concentration
greater than 21%. Substitution of components may impair
safety. Recharge/replace batteries only in non-hazardous
locations.
STATIC HAZARD: Clean only with a damp cloth.
For safety reasons this equipment must be operated and
serviced by qualified personnel only. Read and understand
instruction manual completely before operating or servicing.
Only the combustible gas detection portion of this instrument
has been assessed for performance.
Before each day’s usage, sensitivity must be tested on a
known concentration of methane gas equivalent to 20% to 50%
of full-scale concentration. Accuracy must be within ±20% of
actual. Accuracy may be corrected by calibration procedure.
Any rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic
reading may indicate a gas concentration beyond upper scale
limit which may be hazardous.
The calibration of all newly purchased RAE Systems
instruments should be tested by exposing the sensor(s) to
known concentration calibration gas before the instrument is
used or put into service. For maximum safety, the accuracy of
the AreaRAE Steel should be checked by exposing the
sensor(s) to known concentration calibration gas before each
day’s use.
iv
AreaRAE Steel & AreaRAE Gamma Steel
AVERTISSEMENT
Risque d’explosion – la substitution de composants pourrait
altérer la compatibilité pour les zones dangereuses de
division2.
Utiliser seulement l'ensemble de batterie RAE Systems, la
référence 029-3153-200/029-3153-000 (ATEX only) ou 029-3154000. Cet instrument n’a pas été essayé dans une atmosphère de
gaz/air explosive ayant une concentration d’oxygène plus élevée
que 21%. La substitution de composants peut compromettre la
sécurité. Ne charger les batteries que dans un emplacement
désigné non dangereux.
DANGER RISQUE D'ORIGINE ELECTROSTATIQUE:
Nettoyer uniquement avec un chiffon humide.
Pour des raisons de sécurité, cet équipement doit être utilisé,
entretenu et réparé uniquement par un personnel qualifié.
Étudier le manuel d’instructions en entier avant d’utiliser,
d’entretenir ou de réparer l’équipement.
Uniquement, la portion pour détecter les gaz combustibles de
cet instrument a été évaluée.
Avant chaque utilisation journalière vérifier la sensibilité avec
une concentration connue de méthane équivalente a 20-50%
de la pleine échelle. La précision doit être comprise entre
±20% de la valeur vraie et peut être corrigée par une
procédure dietalonnage.
Toute lecture rapide et positive, suivie d’une baisse subite au
erratique de la valeur, peut indiquer une concentration de gaz
hors gamme de détection qui peut être dangereuse.
La calibration de toute instruments de RAE Systems doit être
testé en exposant l’instrument à une concentration de gaz
connue par une procédure dietalonnage avant de mettre en
service l’instrument pour la première fois. Pour une sécurité
maximale, la sensibilité du the AreaRAE Steel doit être vérifié
en exposant l’instrument à une concentration de gaz connue
par une procédure dietalonnage avant chaque utilisation
journalière.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General Information
1.1 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Steel Specifications
1.2 AreaRAE Gamma & AreaRAE Gamma Steel
Specifications
1.3 Radio Specifications – 869 MHz models
1.4 Radio Specifications – 900 MHz models
1.5 Radio Specifications – 2.4 GHz models
2. Operation of the AreaRAE
2.1 Physical Description
2.1.1 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
2.1.2 AreaRAE Steel & AreaRAE Gamma
Steel
2.2 Keys and Displays
2.3 Turn Power On/Off
2.4 Data Protection
2.5 Operation Modes
2.5.1 Text Mode
2.5.2 Display Mode
2.5.3 Program Mode
2.6 Alarm Signals
2.7 Backlight
2.8 Preset Alarm Limits & Calibration
2.9 Integrated Sampling Pump
2.10 Datalogging
3. Operation of Accessories
3.1 Battery Charging Operation
3.2 Interchangeable Battery Packs
3.2.1 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
3.2.2 AreaRAE Steel & AreaRAE Gamma
Steel
3.3 External Filter
3.4 Remote Sampling Probe
3.5 Dilution Fitting
3.6 Calibration Adapter
4. Programming the AreaRAE
4.1 Program Mode
4.2 Keys for Program Mode
4.3 Entering Program Mode
4.4 Calibrating the AreaRAE Steel
v
1-1
1-3
1-6
1-9
1-10
1-11
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-5
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-13
2-18
2-20
2-22
2-23
2-24
2-25
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-3
3-4
3-7
3-7
3-8
3-8
4-1
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-7
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.4.1 Fresh Air Calibration
4.4.2 Sensor Calibration Time
4.4.3 Multiple-Sensor Calibration
4.4.4 Single-Sensor Calibration
4.4.5 Modify Span Gas Value
4.4.6 Change LEL/VOC Span Gas
4.5 Change Alarm Limits
4.6 Change Datalog
4.6.1 Clear All Data
4.6.2 Change Datalog Period
4.6.3 Select Data Type
4.6.4 Enable/Disable Datalog
4.7 Change Monitor Setup
4.7.1 Change Site ID
4.7.2 Change User ID
4.7.3 Change Alarm Mode
4.7.4 Change User Mode
4.7.5 Change Real-time Clock
4.7.6 Change Light and Buzzer Mode
4.7.7 Change Password
4.7.8 Change Pump Duty Cycle
4.7.9 Change Pump Speed
4.7.10 Change Averaging Method
4.7.11 Change Display Language
4.7.12 Set Temperature Unit
4.8 Change Sensor Configuration
4.8.1 Correction Factors
4.8.2 Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection
4.8.3 Enable/Disable Sensor
4.8.4 Change Dilution Ratio
4.8.5 Change PID Lamp Type
4.8.6 Change RAD Unit (Gamma Models Only)
4.9 Exit Program Mode
5. Theory of Operation
6. Maintenance Of AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
6.1 Battery Replacement
6.2 Sensor Replacement
6.3 PID Sensor Cleaning / Replacement
v
4-8
4-9
4-10
4-13
4-15
4-16
4-18
4-20
4-21
4-22
4-23
4-24
4-25
4-26
4-27
4-28
4-29
4-30
4-31
4-32
4-33
4-34
4-35
4-36
4-37
4-38
4-39
4-40
4-43
4-44
4-45
4-45
4-46
5-1
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-6
TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.4 Taking Care of the Lamp
6.5 Sampling Pump Replacement
7. Maintenance Of AreaRAE Steel & AreaRAE
Gamma Steel
7.1 Opening the Monitor
7.2 Reassembling the Monitor
7.3 Battery Replacement
7.4 Sensor Replacement
7.5 PID Sensor Cleaning/Replacement
7.6 Taking Care of the Lamp
7.7 Sampling Pump Replacement
8. Troubleshooting
8.1 Possible Problems and Solutions
8.2 Lamp Troubleshooting Details
8.3 Radio Communication Guide
9. Contact Information
Acronyms used throughout manual:
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LED - Light Emitting Diode
LEL - Lower Explosive Limit
PC - Personal Computer
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
PID - Photoionization Detector
ppm - Parts Per Million
RF - Radio Frequency
STEL - Short Term Exposure Limit
TWA - Time Weighted Average
VOC - Volatile Organic Compound
v
6-8
6-9
7-1
7-2
7-2
7-4
7-5
7-9
7-10
7-11
7-1
7-2
7-4
7-5
8-1
INDEX OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table #
1.1
2.1
2.2
2.3
4.1
Figure #
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
3-1
3-1
5-1
6-1
6-2
6-3
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-7
7-8
Title
Range, Resolution & Response Time
Key Functions During Normal Operation
Alarm Signal Summary
Alarm Limits and Calibration
Programming Keys
Page
1-4
2-8
2-16
2-18
4-4
Title
Front View of AreaRAE
Right Side View of AreaRAE
Left Side View of AreaRAE
Front of AreaRAE Steel
Right Side View of AreaRAE Steel
Left Side View of AreaRAE Steel
Display and Keypad
Interchangeable Battery Packs (AreaRAE
& AreaRAE Gamma)
Interchangeable Battery Packs (AreaRAE
Steel & AreaRAE Gamma Steel)
Block Diagram
Internal Components of AreaRAE
Gas Plate of AreaRAE
Detailed Sensor Assembly of AreRAE
Steel
Internal Components of AreaRAE Steel
Housing Hex Screw
Battery Connection
Gas Piping Plate Removal
Sensor Locations
Sampling Pump On Gas Plate
Gas Plate Connector
Gas Plate Screw
Page
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
3-3
vi
3-5
5-1
6-1
6-4
6-4
7-1
7-5
7-6
7-6
7-7
7-11
7-11
7-12
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. General Information
The AreaRAE is a portable multi-gas monitor that provides
real-time measurements and activates alarm signals when
exposure exceeds preset limits. The programmable monitor
contains up to five sensors that monitor toxic gases, oxygen,
combustible gases, and radiation (Gamma models only) for
workers in hazardous environments. Depending on the type of
sensor installed, the AreaRAE is capable of monitoring:
•
•
•
•
•
Volatile Organic Compounds
PID Sensor using 10.6 eV UV lamp
Inorganic Compounds
Substance Specific Electrochemical Sensor(s)
Combustible Gases
0 to 100% LEL range with a catalytic bead sensor
Oxygen Concentrations
Electrochemical Sensor
Gamma Radiation (Gamma models only)
Scintillation Crystal Detector
The AreaRAE and AreaRAE Steel consists of:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The AreaRAE or AreaRAE Steel monitor
Up to five sensors
Carbon filters, for monitors equipped with a CO sensor
Calibration adapter
Operation and Maintenance manual
Rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack
Charger
Spare alkaline battery pack
Spare external filter
76mm (3") inlet probe
Hard transport case with pre-cut foam
®
5 meters (15') of Teflon tubing
Tool kit
1-1
GENERAL INFORMATION
IMPORTANT!
The central design of all AreaRAE monitors is similar.
Therefore, throughout this this Operation & Maintenance
Manual, most functions and descriptions are given for the
AreaRAE, meaning AreaRAE, AreaRAE Gamma, AreaRAE
Steel, and AreaRAE Gamma Steel. Where variations occur,
they are noted. These include the gamma radiation sensor in
the AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel, and
differences between the battery, opening/closing procedure,
and sensor and pump replacement in the AreaRAE (blackbody) and AreaRAE Steel (stainless steel body) models.
All models are subject to variations in operational radio
frequency, owing to regulations in various regions of the world.
Although radio communication varies, functions and displays
are unaffected.
1-2
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
General Specifications
Table 1.1 Multi-Gas Radiation Monitor Specification
Dimensions 23.5cm L x 12.7cm W x 23.5cm H
(9.25" L x 5.0" W x 9.25" H)
Weight 4.03 kg (8.9 lbs) with battery
Detector Up to five sensors:
• PID sensor
• LEL sensor
• Electrochemical sensors (2 in
AreaRAE, 1 in AreaRAE Gamma)
• Radiation Sensor (AreaRAE Gamma
only)
Battery Rechargeable, 7.4V/4.5 Ah, Lithium-Ion
battery pack with built-in charger (less
than 10 hours charge time)
Six C-cell alkaline battery pack
Operating Time Up to 24 hours of continuous operation.
Up to 36 hours of continuous operation
with RF disabled.
Display Two-line, 16-character LCD with
manual LED backlight
Keypad • [MODE] – operation & programming
• [Y/+] – operation & programming key
• [N/-] – operation & programming key
• [RADIO] – RF Data Transmission
• [VOICE] – not used
• [UP/DOWN] – not used
Direct Readout • Up to five instantaneous values
• Sensor name
• High and low alarm limits for all
sensors
• TWA & STEL values for toxic &
VOCs
• Gamma values (AreaRAE Gamma)
• Battery voltage
• Elapsed time
1-3
GENERAL INFORMATION
Alarm Settings
Visible Alarm
Audible Alarm
Calibration
Attachments
Sampling Pump
Protection
EM Immunity
Data Storage
Datalog Interval
Communication
Temperature
Humidity
Warm-up Time
Environmental
Pressure
Configuration
Wireless Feature
Safety Certification
Separate alarm limit settings for TWA,
STEL, Low and High alarm
100dB buzzer at 10 cm (typical)
Flashing red LED cluster to indicate
exceeded preset limits, low battery, or
sensor failure
Two point field calibration for fresh air
and standard reference gas
Optional tripod/wall mounting bracket
Internal integrated diaphragm pump
with programmable “High” (400 cc) and
“Low” (300 cc) flow rate settings
Password protected calibration
settings, alarm limits, and data
2
No effect when exposed to 0.43 mW/cm
RF interference (5 watt transmitter at 12");
Caution: Excessive EMI may cause
incorrect operation
20,000 readings (64 hours, 5 channels
at 1-minute intervals) in non-volatile memory
Programmable 1 to 3600 seconds
Upload data to PC and download
monitor setup from PC through RS-232
link to serial port on PC
o
o
o
o
-20 C to 45 C (-4 F to 113 F)
0% to 95% relative humidity
(Non-condensing)
90 seconds
1.0 ATM ±10%
2, 3, and 4 gas (plus gamma radiation
in AreaRAE Gamma), with pump,
equipped with or without datalogging
Real-time, RF data transmission
CSA Canada/USA Class I, Division 2
Groups A, B, C, D
AreaRAE only: UL USA Class I,
Division 2 Groups A, B, C, D; Class II,
Groups E, F, G
1-4
GENERAL INFORMATION
Table 1.2 Range, Resolution & Response Time (T90)
CO
0 to 500 ppm
1 ppm
40 sec
H2S
0 to 100 ppm
1 ppm
35 sec
SO2
0 to 20 ppm
0.1 ppm
35 sec
NO
0 to 250 ppm
1 ppm
30 sec
NO2
0 to 20 ppm
0.1 ppm
25 sec
Cl2
0 to 10 ppm
0.1 ppm
60 sec
O2
0 to 30%
0.1%
15 sec
VOC
0 to 200 ppm
0.1 ppm
10 sec
VOC
200 to 2000 ppm
1 ppm
10 sec
LEL
0 to 100 %
1%
15 sec
HCN
0 to 100 ppm
1 ppm
200 sec
NH3
0 to 50 ppm
1 ppm
120 sec
PH3
0 to 5 ppm
0.1 ppm
60 sec
1 to 4000 µR/hr
1 µR/hr
10 sec
Gamma
Caution:
Refer to RAE Systems Technical Note TN-114 for
sensor cross-sensitivities.
Refer to RAE Systems Technical Note TN-144 for
information on LEL sensor poisoning.
1-5
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.2 AreaRAE Steel &
AreaRAE Gamma Steel
General Specifications
Table 1.3 Multi-Gas Monitor Specifications
Dimensions
Weight
Detector
Battery
Operating Time
Display
Keypad
Direct Readout
Alarm Settings
23.5cm L x 12.7cm x 23.5cm
(9.25" L x 5.0" W x 9.25" H)
6.48 kg (14.3 lbs) with battery
Up to five sensors:
• PID sensor
• LEL sensor
• Electrochemical sensors (3)
Rechargeable, 7.4V/4.5 Ah, Lithium-Ion
battery pack with built-in charger (less
than 10 hours charge time)
Six C-cell alkaline battery pack
Up to 24 hours of continuous operation.
Up to 36 hours of continuous operation
with RF disabled.
Two-line, 16-character LCD with
manual LED backlight
• [MODE] – operation & programming
• [Y/+] – operation & programming key
• [N/-] – operation & programming key
• [RADIO] – RF Data Transmission
• [VOICE] – not used
• [UP/DOWN] – not used
• Up to five instantaneous values
• Sensor name
• High and low alarm limits for all
sensors
• TWA & STEL values for toxic &
VOCs
• Battery voltage
• Elapsed time
Separate alarm limit settings for TWA,
STEL, Low and High alarm
1-6
GENERAL INFORMATION
Audible Alarm
Visible Alarm
Calibration
Attachments
Sampling Pump
Protection
Safety
EM Immunity
Data Storage
Datalog Interval
External Alarm
Communication
Temperature
Humidity
Configuration
100dB buzzer at 10 cm (typical)
Flashing red LED cluster to indicate
exceeded preset limits, low battery, or
sensor failure
Two point field calibration for fresh air
and standard reference gas
Optional tripod/wall mounting bracket
Internal integrated diaphragm pump
with programmable “High” (400 cc) and
“Low” (300 cc) flow rate settings
Password protected calibration
settings, alarm limits, and data
CSA Canada/USA Class I, Division 2
Groups A, B, C, D;
EX II 3G EEx nAL IIC T6
No effect when exposed to
2
0.43 mW/cm RF interference
(5-watt transmitter at 305 mm/12")
20,000 readings (64 hours, 5 channels,
at 1-minute intervals) in non-volatile
memory
Programmable 1 to 3600 seconds
Optional plug-in pen size vibration
alarm or earphone
Upload data to PC and download
monitor setup from PC through RS-232
link to serial port on PC
o
o
o
o
-20 C to 45 C (-4 F to 113 F)
0% to 95% relative humidity
(Non-condensing)
2, 3, 4 and 5 gas with pump, equipped
with or without datalogging
1-7
GENERAL INFORMATION
Table 1.4 Range, Resolution & Response Time (T90)
CO
0 to 500 ppm
1 ppm
40 sec
H2S
0 to 100 ppm
1 ppm
35 sec
SO2
0 to 20 ppm
0.1 ppm
35 sec
NO
0 to 250 ppm
1 ppm
30 sec
NO2
0 to 20 ppm
0.1 ppm
25 sec
Cl2
0 to 10 ppm
0.1 ppm
60 sec
O2
0 to 30%
0.1%
15 sec
VOC
0 to 200 ppm
0.1 ppm
10 sec
VOC
200 to 2000 ppm
1 ppm
10 sec
LEL
0 to 100%
1%
15 sec
HCN
0 to 100 ppm
1 ppm
200 sec
NH3
0 to 50 ppm
1 ppm
120 sec
PH3
0 to 5 ppm
0.1 ppm
60 sec
1-8
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.3 AreaRAE Steel
Radio Technical Specifications
(869MHz Versions)
Radio Characteristics
RF Frequency
Number of
Channel
Channel Spacing
RF Data rate
Modulation
Duplex
Maximum E.R.P.
Receiver Sensitivity
Receiver
Classification
Operating Range
Network Protocol
Operating Mode
Error Detection
Radio Type
Approval
Certificate
I/O Interface
Antenna Port
Interface
Power Supply
Power
Consumption
869.400 to 869.650MHz,
2 user-selectable channels
2 (Ch. 1: 869.50MHz;
Ch. 2: 869.560MHz)
60kHz
38.4kbps
GFSK
TDD
500 mW (27 dBm)
-3
-106 dBm at 10 BER
Class 2
Up to 3.2 km (2 miles) in line of sight
TM
Purpletooth Adaptive Intelli-Polling
Master, Slave. Mesh network
CRC and ARQ
CE: comply with
EN300 220-1, 2000;
EN300 220-3, 2000;
EN301 489-1, 2004;
EN300 489-3, 2002.
RS-232, RS485
MCX female
6V to 18V
Tx:
300mA @ 7.4V
Rx:
45mA @ 7.4V
Idle:
30mA @ 7.4V
1-9
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.4 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Steel
Radio Technical Specifications
(900MHz Versions)
Radio Characteristics
RF Frequency
Method
Hopping Channels
Hopping Bands
Operating Range
Occupied
Bandwidth
Modulation
RF Connector
System Gain
Transmitter
Output
Receiver
Sensitivity
Error Detection
Data Encryption
Link Throughput
I/O Interface
Power
Requirements
Power
Consumption
902 to 928MHz
Frequency hopping spread spectrum
105 total, user selectable
7 user selectable
Up to 3.2 km (2 miles) in line of sight
26 MHz
GFSK, 144 to 188 kbps
N female
140dB
100mW to 1 Watt (+30dB)
-6
-108 dBm at 10 BER
-4
-110 dBm at 10 BER
32-bit CRC, retransmit on error
Substitution, dynamic key
115.2 kbps standard speed
RS-232, RS-485, RS-422
6V to 30V
Tx:
Rx:
Idle:
Sleep:
1000mA @ 6V
152mA @ 6V
40mA @ 6V
8mA @ 6V
1-10
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.5 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Steel
Radio Technical Specifications
(2.4GHz Versions)
Radio Characteristics
RF Frequency
Spread Spectrum
Processing Gain
Operating Range
Receiver Sensitivity
Maximum EIRP
Channel Bandwidth
Operating Mode
Communication
Method
Error Detection
Baseband
Modulation
Channel Data Rate
Mobility
I/O Interface
Antenna Port
Interface
Power Supply
Current
Consumption
2.400 to 2.4835 GHz,
3 user-selectable channels
Direct Sequence (DSSS)
11.2 to 17.4dB
Greater than 1.6km (1 mile)
-6
-93 dBm at 10 BER with 1Mbps
100mW to 1 Watt (+30dBm)
32 MHz max.
Master, Slave. Mesh network
Time Division Duplex (TDD)
CRC and ARQ
BPSK and QPSK
256 kbps, 512 kbps, 1 Mbps
Throughput >115.2 kbps at relative
speed 100 km/hr (60 miles/hr)
RS-232
N female
12V
Tx:
Rx:
Idle:
535mA @ 7.4V
310mA @ 7.4V
85mA @ 7.4V
1-11
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2. Operation
The AreaRAE Multi-Gas Monitor is a compact, portable
instrument that provides real-time measurements and activates
alarm signals when exposure exceeds preset limits. Prior to
factory shipment, the AreaRAE is preset with default alarm
limits, and sensors are pre-calibrated with standard calibration
gas. However, the user should calibrate the instrument before
first use. After the monitor is fully charged and calibrated, it is
ready for immediate operation.
NOTE
Refer to ANSI/ISA RP12.13.02 for general information on
installation, operation, and maintenance of combustible gas
detection instruments.
2-1
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.1 Physical Description
2.1.1 AreaRAE & AreaRAE Gamma
5
3
4
1
2
Figure 2-1 Front View: Main Components
1. LCD Display with Backlight
2. Audible Alarm Port
3. Red LED Alarm Light
4. Handle
5. Antenna
2-2
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
1
2
3
4
Figure 2-2 Right Side View: Main Components
1. Gas inlet port
2. Serial communication port for PC interface
3. Charger port: power jack connects AreaRAE to external
DC for charging
4. External Filter
2-3
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
1
2
Figure 2-3 Left Side View: Main Components
1. Battery Pack
2. Gas outlet
3. Mounting conduit
2-4
3
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.1.2 AreaRAE Steel &
AreaRAE Gamma Steel
4
3
5
6
1
7
2
Figure 2-4 Front View of the AreaRAE Steel
1. LCD Display with Backlight
2. Audible Alarm Port
3. Red LED Alarm Light
4. Handle
5. Antenna
6. Inlet filter
7. Stainless steel enclosure
2-5
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
1
2
3
4
Figure 2-5 Right side of the AreaRAE Steel
1. Gas inlet port
2. Serial communication port for PC interface
3. Charger port: power jack connects the AreaRAE Steel to
external DC for charging
4. External filter
2-6
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2
1
Figure 2-5 Left side of the AreaRAE Steel
1. Battery compartment: AreaRAE Steel monitors are
equipped with interchangeable rechargeable Lithium-Ion
and alkaline battery packs
2. Gas exit port
2-7
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.2 Keys and Display
Radio On/Off
Radio On/Off
Charge Status
Charge Status
Figure 2-6 AreaRAE and AreaRAE Steel (left) and AreaRAE
Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel
Display and Keypad (right)
Table 2.1 Key Functions During Normal Operation
Key
[MODE]
[N/-]
[Y/+]
[RADIO]
[VOICE]
Left/Right
arrows
Function
Turn power on/off
Choose different display mode
Toggle backlight on/off
Answer “No”
Decrease values
Alarm test and alarm acknowledgment
Turn latched alarm off
Turn pump or LEL sensor on
Answer “Yes”
Increase values
Radio Frequency Data Transmission on/off
not used
not used
2-8
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.3 Turn Power On/Off
To turn ON
Press [MODE]. The audio buzzer beeps once, and the screen
displays the following, in order:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
“ON!”
“Multi-gas Monitor Version n.nn” or “Multi-gas Radiation
Monitor Version n.nn” (the software version)
Custom power-on-name, which can be changed by using
the ProRAE Suite Software
Model number, serial number, current date and time, and
temperature
Each sensor socket to check if a valid sensor is installed.
If a new sensor is installed, a message to remind the user
to calibrate the sensor will be displayed followed by a
message that the alarm limits have been reset to the
default values for the new sensor.
Warranty expiration date for each sensor
Preset alarm limits for each sensor
Last calibration date
Battery voltage
Shut off voltage
User mode
Alarm mode
Available data storage memory (in hours)
Datalog mode
Datalog period
Fresh air calibration if Power On Zero is enabled
Instantaneous reading of the gas concentration in ppm
To turn OFF
Press and hold [MODE] for 5 seconds. The monitor beeps
once every second during the power-down sequence. A
countdown timer shows the remaining seconds. After that, the
screen flashes “Off!” and then goes blank, indicating the
monitor is off.
2-9
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.4 Data Protection
When the monitor is turned off, all the current real-time data
including TWA, STEL, Peak and elapsed time are erased.
However, the datalog data is preserved in non-volatile memory.
Even if the battery is disconnected, the datalog data will not be
lost. When the monitor is off, the real-time clock will continue to
operate until the battery is completely drained (usually in 5 to 7
days without any charging).
If the battery is completely drained or is disconnected from the
monitor for more than 30 minutes, the real-time clock will be
lost. In this case, the user needs to enter the real-time clock
information again, as described in Section 4.7.5.
Datalog-enabled monitor versus non-datalog monitor
The AreaRAE is available with datalogging and without
datalogging. A Datalog monitor allows storing the gas
concentration readings (see Section 2.10: Datalogging
Operations).
During the power on sequence, a letter “D” following the
version number indicates that the monitor is configured as a
datalog-enabled monitor. The absence of a letter “D” indicates
a non-datalog monitor.
You may upgrade a non-datalog monitor to a datalog monitor.
Call RAE Systems for information on how to order the upgrade
kit.
2-10
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.5 Operation Modes
The AreaRAE offers three different modes of operation:
•
•
•
Text Mode
Display Mode
Program Mode
The default mode is Text Mode. To enter the other two modes,
or to enter Text Mode again after another mode has been
selected, follow this procedure:
1. Press [N/-] and [MODE] simultaneously.
2. Enter a password (the factory default value is “0000”).
Press [Y/+] to decrease a number.
Press [N/-] to increase a number.
Press [MODE] to step to the next digit.
3. Hold [MODE] for 1 second to enter the password.
4. Scroll through the options by pressing [N/-].
5. At “Change Monitor Setup,” press [Y/+].
6. Scroll through the options by using [N/-].
7. When you see “Change User Mode?” press [Y/+].
8. Choose Display, Text, or Program by pressing [N/-].
9. Choose the selection by pressing [Y/+].
10. Confirm your selection by pressing [Y/+] again.
To return to the screen with readings, press [MODE] twice.
2-11
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.5.1 Text Mode
Text Mode is the monitor’s default setting. The monitor toggles
between the Instantaneous Gas Concentration reading and the
Sensor Name after the monitor is turned on. You can press
[MODE] to see the Instantaneous Gas Concentration reading
or Battery Voltage, or you may enter the PC Communication
menu. You may enter Calibration Mode from Text Mode to
perform calibrations, but not change the parameters.
Displays
The four displays are arranged in a repeating cyclical
sequence:
Instantaneous / Sensor Name
Battery Voltage
Communicate
with PC?
2-12
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.5.2 Display Mode
The Display Mode includes all the information from Text Mode
in addition to the options listed below. See Section 4.3 Entering
Programming Mode for details. To access each display, press
[MODE] once.
1. The instantaneous reading is the actual gas
concentration in parts per million (ppm) for toxic or VOC
gases, percent of volume for oxygen, and percent LEL for
combustible gases. On Gamma models the reading is in
micro sieverts per hour or micro rems per hour. Readings
are updated every second.
TOX1
0
LEL
LEL
VOC
0.0
STEL
TOX2
TOX1
0
19.9
OXY
0
LEL
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
0.0
STEL
Gamma
0
19.9
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
AreaRAE and AreaRAE Steel (non-Gamma models) only:
2. The sensor names display (non-Gamma monitors only):
CO, H2S, etc. - up to two toxic sensors
VOC - PID sensor
LEL - combustible gas sensor
OXY - oxygen sensor
Gamma – gamma radiation sensor (Gamma models only)
TOX1
CO
VOC
VOC
LEL
LEL
TOX2
H2S
OXY
OXY
TOX1
CO
LEL
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
VOC
Gamma
Gmma
OXY
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel only:
2a. The unit display shows the measurement unit for each
sensor. The toxic and PID sensors are measured in partsper-million (ppm). The oxygen and LEL sensors are
measured by percentage (%). The gamma radiation sensor
2-13
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
is measured in micro sieverts per hour (µSv/hr) or micro
rems-per-hour (µR/hr).
TOX1
ppm
VOC
ppm
Gamma
µR/hr
%
%
LEL
OXY
2b. The accumulated dosage display shows the total
radiation dosage since the last reset. Press [Y/+] to clear
the dosage reading.
TOX1
VOC
Gamma
Accumulated Dose
= 1.00 µRem
LEL
OXY
3. The peak reading is the highest reading of each gas
concentration since the monitor was turned on. Readings
are updated every second with a “Peak” message:
TOX1
5
VOC
2.0
10
Peak
LEL
TOX2
TOX1
3
20.9
OXY
CO
LEL
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
VOC
Gamma
Gmma
OXY
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2-14
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
The minimum reading is the lowest reading of each gas
concentration since the monitor was turned on. Readings
are updated every second with a “Min” message:
TOX1
0
VOC
0.0
0
Min
LEL
TOX2
TOX1
0
19.9
OXY
0
VOC
0.0
0
Min
LEL
AreaRAE
Gamma
0
19.9
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
4. The STEL reading only applies to VOC and toxic
gases. It is the last 15-minute average gas concentration
reading, which is updated in every minute and is indicated
by a “STEL” message:
Note: “****” is displayed in the first 15 minutes.
TOX1
****
VOC
****
TOX2
****
TOX1
OXY
LEL
****
STEL
VOC
****
Gamma
STEL
LEL
OXY
AreaRAE
AreaRAE Gamma
5. The TWA reading only applies to VOC and toxic gases.
The reading is the accumulated reading of the gas
concentration divided by 8 hours since the monitor was
turned on. The reading is updated every minute and is
indicated by the “TWA” message:
TOX1
0
VOC
0.0
TOX2
TOX1
0
0
TWA
LEL
VOC
0.0
Gamma
TWA
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2-15
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
6. The battery voltage is the current battery voltage (V)
reading. The reading is updated every second and is
shown with the shutoff voltage:
TOX1
VOC
Battery = 7.7V
TOX2
TOX1
OXY
LEL
Shut Off at 6.4V
LEL
VOC
Battery = 7.7V
Gamma
Shut Off at 6.4V
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Note: A fully charged battery pack should show 7.7 volts or
higher. When the battery voltage falls below 6.6 volts, a
flashing “Bat” warning message appears. This means that
there is approximately 20 to 30 minutes of operating time
remaining before the battery voltage falls below 6.4 V and
the monitor automatically turns off.
7 through 9 apply to AreaRAE and AreaRAE Steel (nonGamma models) only:
7. The run time reading is the accumulated time in hours
and minutes the monitor has been on. The reading is
updated in every minute and is displayed with the current
date, time and temperature:
TOX1
VOC
Mar 11, ’06
On = 3:50
LEL
TOX2
8:30
20°C
OXY
8. The datalog menu shows the current datalog mode. If the
manual datalog mode is selected, the menu prompts you to
turn datalogging on or off. When “Start Datalog?” displays,
press [Y/+] to turn datalogging on. Likewise, when “Stop
Datalog?” displays, press [Y/+] to turn it off.
9. The monitor displays the selected LEL and VOC gas
name if the combustible sensor and PID sensor are
installed. When an LEL or VOC gas is selected, the display
features the calculated gas concentration based on the
built-in correction factor for the specified gas.
2-16
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
10. “Communicate with PC?” allows you to upload data from
the AreaRAE to a PC or to download configuration
information from a PC to the AreaRAE.
Press [Y/+] and the message “Monitor will pause, OK?”
reminds you that during PC communication, there is no
real-time monitoring.
Press [Y/+] to proceed and the monitor enters communication
standby mode*. The “Ready...” display appears on the top
line of the LCD and the “Turn radio off!!” message appears
on the second line.
Note: It is important to turn off the Radio button before
attempting to communicate with the PC.
Connect the monitor to the serial port on a PC. The monitor is
ready to receive any command from the PC.
Press [MODE] again to return to the first display.
*Note: When the monitor is in communication standby mode, it
stops monitoring the gas concentration and stops
datalogging. Datalogging must be manually restarted when
exiting communication standby mode, when it is in manual
start/stop mode.
2-17
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.5.3 Program Mode
The user may perform all Display Mode functions. See Section
4.3 Entering Programming Mode for details.
Displays
The functions are arranged in a repeating, cyclical sequence:
Instantaneous
Reading and
Sensor Name
Unit Display
(alternating displays)
Accumulated
Dosage**
PC Comm?
Peak Value
En/Disable GPS*
VOC Gas = Isobutylene***
Min Value
LEL Gas = Methane***
STEL Value
Start/Stop Datalog?
TWA Value
Date/Clock/Temp**
Battery Voltage
* If the unit is GPS-capable
** If the unit is a Gamma model
*** The following displays are only available in Program Mode on
AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel:
1. The run time reading is the accumulated time in hours
and minutes the monitor has been on. The reading is
updated every minute and is displayed with the current
date, time and temperature:
TOX1
VOC
Mar 11, ’06
8:30
On = 3:50
20°C
LEL
Gamma
OXY
2-18
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2. The monitor displays the selected LEL and VOC gas
name if the combustible sensor and PID sensor are
installed. When an LEL or VOC gas is selected, the display
features the calculated gas concentration based on the
built-in correction factor for the specified gas.
2-19
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.6 Alarm Signals
The built-in microprocessor continually updates and monitors
gas concentration levels. It also compares the readings with
programmed TWA, STEL, Low, and High instantaneous gas
concentration alarm limit settings. Whenever the concentration
exceeds any of the preset limits, the buzzer and red LED
immediately warns you of the alarm condition. Additionally, the
AreaRAE alarms if one of the following conditions occurs:
•
•
•
•
•
Battery voltage falls below a preset voltage level (6.6V)
Failure of 10.6 eV UV lamp
LEL sensor is off
Pump stalls
Datalog memory is full
When the low battery alarm occurs, there is approximately 20
to 30 minutes of operating time remaining before the battery
voltage falls below 6.4 V and the monitor automatically turns
off.
Alarm Signal Disabled
It is extremely important to note that the alarm signals are
disabled during the following conditions:
•
•
PC communication standby mode
Calibration mode
During these modes of operation, real-time monitoring gas
concentration stops. None of the gas concentrations is
calculated, including Peak, STEL and TWA values.
Alarm Signal Latching
It is possible to set up the AreaRAE from a PC or while the unit
is in Program Mode so that when an alarm condition occurs,
the alarm signals remain on even after the alarm condition is
no longer present. This is called the “latching alarm” mode. The
alternative mode is to automatically reset the alarm signal once
the alarm condition is clear. The default alarm mode is
automatically reset. (See Section 4.7.3: Change Alarm Mode.)
2-20
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
Table 2.2 Alarm Signal Summary
Condition
Alarm Signal
Message on
LCD Screen
Gas or Gamma*
exceeds “High
Alarm” limit
3 beeps & flashes per
second
Sensor Name
Gas or Gamma*
exceeds “Low
Alarm” limit
2 beeps & flashes per
second
Sensor Name
Gas exceeds STEL
1 beep & flash per second
Sensor Name
Gas exceeds TWA
1 beep & flash per
second
Sensor Name
Negative Drift or
Over Range
3 beeps & flashes per
second
“NEG” or
“OVR”
Pump failure
3 beeps & flash per
second
“Pump”
LEL sensor off
3 beeps & flash per
second
LEL Sensor
name and “Off”
PID lamp failure
3 beeps & flashes per
second
“Lamp”
Low battery
1 beep & flash per minute
“Bat”
Memory full
1 beep & flash per minute
“Mem”
* AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Steel only.
Alarm Signal Testing
Under normal conditions, it is possible to test the AreaRAE
LED, buzzer, and back light by momentarily pressing [Y/+]. The
buzzer beeps once, and the LED and backlight flash once to
indicate alarm signals are functioning correctly.
WARNING
Because alarm signals are disabled during PC Communication and
Calibration modes, it is highly recommended to use calibration mode
only in areas known to be non-hazardous, in order to reduce the risk
of exposure to hazardous atmospheres. PC communication must be
used only in non-hazardous locations.
2-21
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.7 Backlight
The LCD is equipped with a backlight to assist reading under
poor lighting conditions. When the monitor is in Normal
Operation mode, the backlight may be manually turned on by
pressing and holding [N/-] for one second. Press [N/-] a second
time to turn off. If [N/-] is not pressed, the back light will
automatically turn off after preset time-out period (set by
ProRAE Suite) to save power. The back light automatically
activates during alarm conditions.
Note: The LED backlight consumes a higher amount of energy
from the battery and shortens the operating time of the monitor
by 20% to 30%.
2-22
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.8 Alarm Limits & Calibration
The AreaRAE is factory calibrated with standard calibration
gas, and is programmed with default alarm limits as listed
below. (See Section 4.4: Calibration of the AreaRAE Steel and
Section 4.5: Change Alarm Limits)
Table 2.3 AreaRAE Alarm Limits & Calibration
Gas ppm
Cal Gas / Balance
Unit
TWA
STEL
Low
High
CO
50 / Air
ppm
35
100
35
200
H2S
10 / N2
ppm
10
15
10
20
SO2
5 / N2
ppm
2
5
2
10
NO
25 / N2
ppm
25
25
25
50
NO2
5 / Air
ppm
1
1
1
10
Cl2
10 / N2
ppm
0.5
1
0.5
5
O2
20.9 / N2
%
-
-
19.5
23.5
CH4
50 / Air
%LEL
-
-
10
20
HCN
10 / N2
ppm
4.7*
4.7*
4.7*
50
NH3
50 / N2
ppm
25
35
25
50
PH3
5 / N2
ppm
0.3
1
1
2
VOC**
100 / Air
ppm
10.0
25.0
50.0
100
*The LCD display is truncated to show “4.”
**100 ppm isobutylene gas is used for VOC gas calibration.
Caution: Refer to RAE Systems Technical Note TN-114 for
sensor cross-sensitivities.
Table 2.4 AreaRAE Gamma & AreaRAE Gamma
Steel Alarm Limits & Calibration
Radiation Type
Unit
Low
High
Gamma
µRem
100
250
Gamma
µSv
1
25
2-23
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.9 Integrated Sampling Pump
The AreaRAE includes an internal integrated sampling pump
with programmable high (400cc) and low (300cc) flow rate
settings.
A low pump speed of ~300cc per minute is the factory default
setting. This rate increases battery life by about 5%, which
results in an increased LEL sensor lifetime (See Section 4.7.9:
Change Pump Speed).
The high pump speed setting is required for vapors that are
especially reactive or easily absorbed by instrument surfaces.
Such vapors include, but are not limited to: Cl2, PH3, NH3,
HCN, and semi-volatile organic compounds like diesel fuel and
jet fuels. Here are some suggestions for monitoring such
compounds:
•
•
Remove the External Filter for normal calibration and
operation, which increases the pump speed to ~300 cc per
minute.
®
Use inert connecting or sampling tubing, such as Teflon
®
instead of Tygon ; make tube connections as short as
possible.
The pump automatically turns on when the monitor is turned
on. It remains on during normal operation.
If liquid or other substances are sucked into the External Filter
through the gas entry port, causing the pump to stall, the
electronics of the monitor immediately detect the obstruction
and shut down the pump. The alarm activates and you see the
flashing “Pump” error message. After the filter is changed or
obstacles are removed, press [Y/+] to restart the pump.
2-24
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
2.10 Datalogging
The AreaRAE calculates and stores gas readings based on the
user-specified datalogging period and type of measurement.
Two types of gas measurements, average or peak concentration may be stored for each sensor for any datalogging
interval. Datalogging intervals may be programmed from 1
second to 60 minutes in 1-second increments. In addition, time
stamp, user ID, site ID, serial number, last calibration date, and
alarm limits are also stored. Since all data is retained in nonvolatile memory, The user may download information to their
PC at a later time.
Datalog Options
Most of the datalogging options may be programmed from the
monitor. When the monitor is connected to a PC, additional
options may be programmed and then downloaded to the
monitor. There are four options to select from:
1. Automatic: automatically starts and stops datalogging
when the monitor is turned on and off, respectively.
2. Manual: You manually start and stop datalogging. You may
also set the timer for datalog run times.
3. Periodic: datalogging is scheduled on a daily basis with a
preset parameter in hours and minutes.
4. Schedule: datalogging is scheduled for a preset date
(month/day) and time (hour/minute).
Start/Stop Datalogging Manually
1. Press [MODE] to toggle through the normal operation
menu until “Start Datalog?” appears.
2. Press [Y/+] to start datalogging.
3. Press [Y/+] again, and “Stop Datalog?” will appear.
4. Press [Y/+] a third time to stop datalogging.
2-25
OPERATION OF THE AREARAE
Other Datalog options automatically start and stop:
Datalogging Event
Each time a datalogging operation is initiated, a datalog event
is created. Information, such as start time, datalogging period,
alarm limits, etc., is recorded in the event header, followed by
the measurement data.
Datalogging Pause
Datalogging automatically pauses under the following
conditions:
1. Upon entering Program Mode. Datalogging resumes
upon exiting the Program Mode.
2. Upon entering PC Communication standby mode.
Datalogging resumes upon exiting PC communication
standby mode, if datalogging mode was not set to manual
start/stop.
In both cases a new datalog event will be created when the
datalogging is resumed.
2-26
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
3. Operation of Accessories
The accessories for the AreaRAE include:
•
•
•
•
•
Battery charger
Alkaline battery adapter
External Filter and remote sampling probe
Dilution fitting
Calibration adapter
3.1 Battery Charging Operation
The charging circuit of the AreaRAE is built into the monitor. It
requires a regular AC to 15 VDC adapter (a wall-mount
transformer) to charge the monitor.
1. Connect the AC adapter (or the optional automotive
charging adapter) to the charger port on the bottom of the
AreaRAE monitor.
2. An LED labeled “Charge” is located on the front of the
instrument. A red light indicates the battery is charging. A
green light indicates the battery is fully charged.
3. A completely drained AreaRAE monitor’s battery is
typically charged to full capacity within 10 hours.
Note: The rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack slowly drains
even when the monitor is off. If the monitor has not been
charged for 5 to 7 days, the battery voltage will be low.
The factory-supplied battery is designed for up to 24 hours of
normal operation, without alarm conditions or backlight usage.
As the battery ages or is subjected to adverse conditions, such
as cold ambient temperatures, the battery capacity may be
significantly reduced.
3-1
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
WARNING
To reduce the risk of ignition of hazardous atmospheres,
recharge battery only in area known to be non-hazardous.
Remove and replace battery only in area known to be nonhazardous.
Ne charger les batteries que dans l’emplacement désigné non
dangereux.
Exception: For PGM5x20S, charging battery in a Class I,
Division 2 hazardous location is permitted if installation
complies with 029-STCM-001. The installation requires:
- Charging circuit to be run within conduit
- AreaRAE to be installed within a larger enclosure that
provides conduit entry and requires a tool to open.
- Charging circuit cable must be terminated with a Switchcraft
S761K or equivalent (see RAE 400-0472-000 for critical
requirements) plug with locking collar.
- The mating charging circuit connectors must be locked
together using the threaded collar before the circuit is powered.
3-2
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
3.2 Interchangeable Battery Packs
3.2.1 AreaRAE
An alkaline battery adapter is supplied with each AreaRAE and
AreaRAE Gamma kit. It may be used in place of the
rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack to provide at least 24
hours of operation.
The alkaline pack holds 6 C-size alkaline batteries. Use only
DURACELL MN1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C-size batteries with
the AreaRAE and AreaRAE Gamma alkaline battery pack.
Figure 3-1. Interchangeable Battery Packs
3-3
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
Recharging the Lithium-Ion Battery Pack
1. Turn off power of the AreaRAE.
2. Connect the AC adapter (or the optional automotive
charging adapter) to the charger connection port on the
AreaRAE.
3. A red “charge” LED located on the front of the instrument
will indicate that the battery is being charged. A completely
drained AreaRAE will be fully charged within 10 hours.
Removing or Replacing the Alkaline Battery Adapter
1. Before removing or replacing the battery pack, please
make sure the AreaRAE is located in a non-hazardous
area and is not connected to the charger.
2. To remove the battery pack, unscrew the four screws that
secure the battery pack to the AreaRAE housing.
3. Remove and replace drained alkaline batteries. Use only
DURACELL MN1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C size batteries
with alkaline battery pack. Be sure to match the battery
polarity as indicated by the diagram inside the battery
holder.
4. Reattach the battery pack to monitor.
NOTE: The internal charging circuit automatically detects the
alkaline battery adapter and will not charge the battery adapter.
3-4
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
3.2.2 AreaRAE Steel
An alkaline battery adapter is supplied with each the AreaRAE
Steel and AreaRAE Gamma Steel kit. It may be used in place
of the rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack to provide at least
24 hours of operation.
The alkaline pack holds 6 C-size alkaline batteries. Use only
DURACELL MN1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C-size batteries with
the AreaRAE Steel alkaline battery pack.
Interchangeable
Battery Pack
Figure 3-2. Interchangeable Battery Packs
Safety for Batteries
The rechargeable Lithium-ion and alkaline battery packs are
CSA Classified as Safe for use in the following areas:
Class I, Division II, Groups A, B, C, and D
3-5
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
Recharging the Lithium-Ion Battery Pack
4. Turn off the power to the AreaRAE Steel.
5. Connect the AC adapter (or the optional automotive
charging adapter) to the charger connection port on the
AreaRAE Steel monitor.
6. A red “charge” LED located on the front of the instrument
indicates that the battery is being charged. A completely
drained AreaRAE Steel is typically fully charged within 10
hours.
Removing or Replacing the Alkaline Battery Adapter
5. Before removing or replacing the battery pack, please
make sure the AreaRAE Steel monitor is located in a nonhazardous area and is not connected to the charger.
6.
To remove the battery pack, unscrew the four screws that secure
the plate over the battery compartment. Remove the cover plate
and lift the battery pack out of the AreaRAE Steel.
7. Remove and replace drained alkaline batteries. Use only
DURACELL MN1400 or ENERGIZER E93 C size batteries
with the alkaline battery pack. Be sure to match the battery
polarity as indicated by the diagram inside the battery holder.
8. Reattach the battery pack to monitor, set it inside the
AreaRAE Steel, and replace the cover plate.
NOTE: The internal charging circuit automatically detects the
alkaline battery adapter and does not draw charge from the
battery adapter.
3-6
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
3.3 External Filter
®
The external filter is made of a PTFE (Teflon ) membrane with
a 0.2 micron pore size to prevent liquid water from being
sucked into the sensor manifold, which would cause extensive
damage to the monitor. It also prevents dust from entering the
monitor and prolongs the sensors’ operating life.
To install the External Filter, slide the Tygon tubing onto the
ribbed inlet port of the monitor. A male Luer connector fits into
the female Luer receptacle of the filter. To remove the filter,
disconnect the Luer connector by unscrewing it.
There are some vapors that are especially reactive or easily
absorbed by instrument surfaces; they include, but are not
limited to: Cl2, PH3, NH3, HCN, and semi-volatile organic
compounds like diesel fuel and jet fuel. For these compounds,
the high pump speed setting should be used. (See Section 2.9:
Integrated Sampling Pump.) It is also more desirable to use
®
inert connecting and sampling tubing such as Teflon instead
and to make tube connections as short as possible.
3.4 Remote Sampling Probe
®
A 5-meter (15') length of Teflon tubing is supplied as a
standard accessory with every the AreaRAE Steel detector. An
®
optional 6' Teflon remote sampling probe with a telescoping
handle is also available for the user who needs to probe hardto-reach areas such as ceilings, storage tanks, underground
manholes, etc.
Connect the male Luer connector to the end of the remote
®
sampling probe or the Teflon tubing to the female Luer
connector on the External Filter. The remote sampling probe or
®
the Teflon tubing is ready for operation.
3-7
OPERATION OF ACCESSORIES
3.5 Dilution Fitting
An optional dilution fitting can be installed with the remote
®
sampling probe or Teflon tubing on the gas inlet port to dilute
gas samples. This fitting is needed when the gas sample
contains less than 15% oxygen. The combustible sensor does
not function correctly when the oxygen concentration falls
below 15%. The dilution fitting increases the oxygen
concentration so the combustible sensor may still be used
under oxygen deficient conditions. The dilution fitting may also
be used to measure combustible, VOC or toxic gases when
concentrations exceed the upper limit of the sensor range.
To use the dilution fitting, insert the fitting between the External
Filter and the remote sampling probe or Tygon tubing. Set the
dilution ratio in Program Mode so the correct gas reading
displays when the dilution fitting is used. (See Section 4.8.4:
Change Dilution Ratio.)
WARNING
For this application, the monitor must be located in a clean
atmosphere outside the confined space and a remote access
®
probe or Teflon tubing used to measure the gas concentration.
3.6 Calibration Adapter
The AreaRAE should be calibrated with the external filter in
place. The AreaRAE calibration adapter is designed to slip over
the filter. During calibration, connect the calibration adapter to
the cylinder of the calibration gas. Then insert adapter into the
filter and allow the gas to flow to sensors.
NOTE: The gamma radiation sensor in the AreaRAE Gamma
and AreaRAE Gamma Steel is factory calibrated with a fixed
gamma radiation source. There is no need to calibrate the
gamma sensor in the field.
3-8
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4. Programming the AreaRAE
The AreaRAE is built with a microprocessor to provide
programming flexibility for the user. Authorized users may
recalibrate the monitor, change alarm limits, change site ID,
change user ID, change datalogging period, adjust the realtime clock, etc.
Program Mode is menu-based to provide user-friendly
operation. The display shows menu options, and the key pad is
used for menu selection and data entry.
Note: Real-time monitoring of gas concentrations continues
during Program Mode. However, during calibration real-time
monitoring pauses until procedures are finished. In addition,
when Program Mode is entered, the datalogging operation
automatically pauses. Upon exiting Program Mode, datalogging
resumes. However, datalogging must be manually restarted if it
is in manual datalog mode.
4-1
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.1 Program Mode
The AreaRAE has three user modes: Text, Display and
Program mode. See Section 4.3: Entering Programming Mode
for details.
The programming function allows changing the setup in the
monitor, calibrating the monitor, modifying the sensor
configuration, entering user information, etc. The programming
functions are organized in a three-tier menu structure.
This is the first tier of the programming menu:
Calibrate Monitor?
Change Alarm Limits?
Change Datalog?
Change Monitor Setup?
Change Sensor Configuration?
Each menu item includes several submenus with additional
programming functions.
4-2
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
Security Level
There are three levels of security in the Program Mode to
prevent unauthorized changes to specific settings. Security
levels are set by PC. See Section 4.3: Entering Programming
Mode for details.
Once inside Program Mode, the first menu displays. Press [N/-]
to view each menu option. Press [N/-] until the desired menu is
displayed. To enter and display a submenu, press [Y/+].
To exit Program Mode to return to normal operation, press
[MODE] at any of the first-tier menu options.
4-3
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.2 Keys for Program Mode
Table 4.1 Programming Keys
Key
[MODE]
[Y/+]
Function
Exit menu when pressed momentarily, or exit
data entry mode when pressed and held for 1
second.
Increase numerical value for data entry.
Answer “yes.”
[N/-]
Decrease numerical value for data entry.
Answer “no.”
4-4
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.3 Entering Program Mode
1. Turn on the AreaRAE monitor (press [MODE] for three
seconds and then release).
2. Press and hold [MODE] and [N/-] for three seconds to
enter Program Mode. This prevents entering Program
Mode by accident.
3. Security Level 0 or Level 2: the monitor enters Program
Mode and the first menu item “Calibrate Monitor?” will
display.
4. Security Level 1 or Text mode: “Enter Password = 0000” is
displayed with the far left digit flashing. Enter the
password, starting from the flashing digit.
Note: Prior to factory shipment, the default password of
“0000” is programmed into the AreaRAE. For added
security, “0000” is always displayed instead of the actual
password, if you change it.
5. If the digit value is not “0,” use [Y/+] or [N/-] to increase or
decrease digit value. Press [MODE] to confirm the digit’s
value. The display shows the actual digit entered and
moves the flashing cursor to the next digit to the right.
6. Repeat Step 5 until all four digits are entered. Then press
and hold [MODE] for one second.
7. If the entered password is correct, the monitor enters the
programming menu. The first menu item, “Calibrate
Monitor?” is displayed.
8. If the password is incorrect, the display shows “Wrong
Password???” and returns to the regular display of
instantaneous sensor readings.
4-5
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
User Mode
Security Level
Text
Display
Program
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
Fresh Air Calibration?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Multiple Sensor Calibration?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Single Sensor Calibration?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Modify Span Gas Value?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change LEL/VOC Span Gas?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change High Alarm Limit?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Low Alarm Limit?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change STEL Alarm Limit?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Average Alarm Limit?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Calibrate Monitor?
Change Alarm?
Change Datalog?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Change Datalog Period?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Select Data Type?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Clear All Data?
Enable/Disable Datalog?
Change Monitor Setup?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Change ID? (Site & User)
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Alarm Mode?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change User Mode?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Real Time Clock?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Light and Buzzer Mode?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Change Password?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Pump Duty Cycle?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Pump Speed?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Average Method?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Display Language?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Set Temperature Unit?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Enable/Disable Sensor?
*
*
*
*
*
*

*

Change Dilution Ratio?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change PID Lamp Type?
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change RAD unit? +
* #
*
*
* #
*
*
#
*

Change Unit ID? (Unit & Host)
Change Sensor Configuration?
Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection?
#
= Available
* = Password Required = No change allowed
+ = AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel only
4-6
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4 Calibrating the AreaRAE
WARNING
The calibration of all newly purchased RAE Systems instruments should be tested by exposing the sensor(s) to known
concentration calibration gas before the instrument is used or
put into service. For maximum safety, the accuracy of the
AreaRAE should be checked by exposing the sensor(s) to
known concentration calibration gas before each day’s use.
In Program Mode, you may recalibrate sensors in the AreaRAE
monitor. This is a two-point calibration process using fresh air
and the standard reference gas. First, fresh air, which contains
20.9% oxygen and no detectable VOC, toxic or combustible
gases, is used to set the zero point for each sensor. Then a
standard reference gas (also known as span gas), which
contains a known concentration of a given gas, is used to set
the second point of reference. The two-point calibration
procedure is detailed on the next page.
These are the submenus for calibration operations:
Fresh Air Calibration?
Multiple Sensor Calibration?
Single Sensor Calibration?
Modify Span Gas Value?
Change LEL/VOC Span Gas?
NOTE: The gamma radiation sensor in the AreaRAE Gamma
and AreaRAE Gamma Steel is factory calibrated with a fixed
gamma radiation source. There is no need to calibrate the
gamma sensor in the field.
4-7
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.1 Fresh Air Calibration
This procedure determines the zero point of the sensor
calibration curve. To perform fresh air calibration, the
calibration adapter and a bottle of fresh air (optional) are
required. The bottle of fresh air contains 20.9% oxygen
concentration and contains no organic, toxic or combustible
gases or other impurities. If a fresh air bottle is not available,
any clean ambient air without detectable contaminants may
also be used. A charcoal filter should be used if purity of the
ambient air is unknown.
1. “Calibrate Monitor?” is the first menu item. Press [Y/+] to
perform calibration. The first submenu is: “Fresh Air
Calibration?”
2. If a bottle of fresh air is being used, attach the calibration
adapter to the gas inlet port. Connect the other end of the
tube to the bottle of fresh air. If a bottle of fresh air is not
available, leave the monitor in an area free of any
detectable vapors.
3. Press [Y/+] to start fresh air calibration. The display shows
“zero...in progress” followed by the name of each sensor,
and then the message “zeroed.” The display should show
a reading of “20.9” for the oxygen sensor and “0.0” or a
very small number for all other sensors.
4. After a five-second pause, the display shows “Zero Cal
Done!” and moves to the next submenu, “Multiple Sensor
Calibration?”
4-8
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.2 Sensor Calibration Time
Refer to the RAE website, www.raesystems.com, and
download Technical Note TN-114, Sensor Specifications And
Cross Sensitivities, for current data and information regarding
sensor calibration time.
Slowly responding sensors listed in TN-114 may require preexposure to the gas immediately before initiating the calibration
sequence. Some firmware versions use a fixed 60-second
calibration time; some newer versions automatically apply the
full calibration time. After completing the zero calibration
procedure, expose the unit to the gas for the pre-exposure time
if a 60-second countdown time is programmed in the unit.
If the firmware has the full calibration time programmed in, the
sensors must be calibrated in the Single Sensor mode to take
advantage of this feature. The calibration time is set at 60
seconds in the Multiple Sensor mode and may not be changed.
4-9
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.3. Multiple-Sensor Calibration
This function simultaneously determines the second point of
calibration curve for multiple sensors in the monitor. Mixed
standard reference gases are needed to perform this
procedure. You may choose several gas mixtures to be used in
multiple-sensor calibration.
1. Continuing from Step 4 of the previous section, “Multiple
Sensor Calibration?” is the next display. Multiplecomponent calibration gas mixtures are available for a
number of common AreaRAE sensor configurations. Press
[Y/+] to continue if a multi-component gas is being used to
calibrate instrument. The display asks you to verify which
sensors will be calibrated using the multi-component
mixture. Press [Y/+] to continue, or [N/-] to change the
choice of sensors to be adjusted.
TOX1
CO
LEL
LEL
VOC
---
TOX2
H2S
OK?
--OXY
TOX1
CO
LEL
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
--OK?
Gamma
Gmma
--OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2. Press [Y/+] to continue, and the instrument asks you to
apply gas to the sensors. Connect the Luer fitting on the
calibration gas adapter to the inlet of the AreaRAE Steel.
Leave the External Filter in place during calibration.
3. Turn the regulator valve on to start the flow of gas. When
the calibration gas has reached the sensor, the display
shows “calibration in progress… 60,” and the countdown
timer shows the remaining seconds while the monitor
calibrates. When the countdown timer reaches 0, the
display shows the name of each sensor, the message
“cal’ed!” and the calibrated values for each gas. If the
sensor does not detect any gas after 60 seconds, the
display shows “No gas flow…” and aborts calibration.
4-10
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
Note: If the readings are very close to the span gas values,
then the calibration was successful. If the readings are not
close to the span gas values, then calibration has failed.
Therefore, you must verify that the span gas value settings
in the unit match the given values on the gas bottle. (Check
the label on the gas bottle, and also make sure the gas
bottle is not empty.) After a five-second pause, “Span Cal
Done! Turn Off Gas” is displayed.
4.
This completes the Multiple Sensor Calibration procedure and
moves to the next submenu item, Single Sensor Calibration.
5. Turn off the gas flow. Disconnect the calibration tube from
the monitor.
6. From Step 1 of this section, if [N/-] is pressed, the display
shows all the sensor names, which are selected for
multiple sensor calibration with the cursor blinking at the
first sensor location.
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
VOC
VOC
TOX2
H2S*
pick
OXY
OXY
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
---
Gamma
Gmma
pick
OXY
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Press [Y/+] to select the sensor and [N/-] to deselect the
sensor. A previously selected sensor shows an “*” next to
the sensor name. A previously deselected sensor does not
show an “*” next to the sensor name.
7. Press [MODE] to move from one sensor location to the
next. Repeat Step 7 until all sensors that need to be
calibrated during multiple sensor calibration have been
selected. Press and hold [MODE] for one second to save
the new sensor selection.
8. The “Save?” display now appears. To confirm the new
selection, press [Y/+] to accept the change and continue to
Step 2. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to discard the change and to
continue on with Step 2.
4-11
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
Cross-Sensitivity
Some sensors may show cross-sensitivity to other gases.
Therefore, it is important to choose the gas mixture carefully for
the Multiple Sensor Calibration to avoid erroneous readings.
For example, some VOC gases are known to cause erroneous
readings by the CO sensor. In general, it is recommended to
calibrate the two toxic sensors, combustible and oxygen sensor
with a bottle of mixed gas using the Multiple Sensor Calibration
procedure and to calibrate the PID with a bottle of a single
VOC gas. Use the Single Sensor Calibration procedure for the
oxygen sensor 0% O2 (100% N2) calibration, if needed.
4-12
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.4 Single-Sensor Calibration
This procedure determines the second point of the sensor
calibration curve for a single sensor. A standard reference gas
(span gas) is needed to perform this procedure. Table 2.2
(Alarm Limits and Conditions) shows the standard calibration
gas typically used as the span gas at the factory.
1. Continuing from Step 4 or Step 6 of the previous section,
the display should show “Single Sensor Calibration?”
Press [Y/+]. The display shows all the installed sensors in
the monitor with the cursor blinking at the first sensor
location. Press [Y/+] to select the highlighted sensor and
start the calibration. Or press [MODE] to move to the next
sensor location.
TOX1
CO
LEL
LEL
VOC
VOC
pick
TOX2
H2S
OXY
OXY
TOX1
VOC
CO
VOC
Gamma
---
LEL
LEL
pick
OXY
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2. Turn on the valve of the CO gas bottle to start gas flow.
Display shows “Apply CO Gas” and waits for the
calibration gas to reach the sensor. Once the sensor
detects the gas, “Calibration in progress… 60” appears
with the countdown timer showing the remaining seconds
as the monitor calibrates. When the countdown timer
reaches 0, the display shows the sensor name and the
calibrated value:
TOX1
VOC
CO
TOX2
cal’ed
TOX1
CO
reading = 50ppm
LEL
VOC
Gamma
cal’ed
reading = 50ppm
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
If the sensor does not detect any gas after 60 seconds,
“No gas flow…” is displayed and calibration is aborted.
Note: The reading should be very close to the span gas
value. After a five-second pause, “Span Cal Done! Turn
Off Gas” appears in the display.
4-13
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
3. This completes the single-gas calibration procedure for one
sensor. The display shows the single-gas calibration
submenu for a user to select another sensor or move to the
next submenu, Modify Span Gas Value.
4. Turn the gas flow off. Disconnect the calibration tube from
the AreaRAE Steel.
5. Repeat Step 1 through Step 3 to calibrate the next sensor.
6. Press [MODE] to stop the countdown timer and abort the
calibration during Step 1. If a sensor fails calibration, the
sensor name and the error message “failed, continue? ”
appears. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to abort calibration and
move to the next submenu item. Press [Y/+] to continue
single-gas calibration. In either case, the current calibration
data is not changed.
Oxygen Sensor Calibration
The oxygen sensor calibration is slightly different from the other
sensors. The oxygen sensor measures a range of 0 to 30% of
oxygen in the air. During fresh air calibration, the oxygen
sensor is calibrated to a fixed percentage of 20.9% oxygen.
During single-sensor calibration, you may supply a pure
nitrogen gas so the oxygen sensor may be calibrated to 0%
oxygen. You may also supply other span concentrations of the
oxygen (for example, 19.5%), to calibrate the oxygen sensor.
When “0% oxygen?” appears, enter [Y/+] if the pure nitrogen
gas is used to calibrate the oxygen sensor. Otherwise, enter
[N/-] to calibrate the oxygen sensor to another span oxygen
value. During either single- or multiple-sensor calibration, the
oxygen sensor is calibrated to the span value. (See Section
4.4.5: Modify Span Gas Value.)
Note: After a 0% oxygen calibration, you must perform a fresh
air calibration to ensure that the oxygen sensor is calibrated
correctly.
Calibration Time Stamp
When a single- or multiple-sensor calibration is performed, a
time stamp is stored in the non-volatile memory. This
information is included in the datalogging report.
4-14
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.5 Modify Span Gas Value
This function allows changing the span values of the standard
calibration gases.
1. The next submenu is “Modify Span Gas Value?”
2. Press [Y/+], and the following display appears:
TOX1
50
VOC
100
50
span
LEL
TOX2
10
TOX1
20.9
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
50
VOC
100
50
span
Gamma
20.9
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
The blinking cursor is on the first digit of the first span
value. To modify any of the span gas values, go to Step 3.
Otherwise, press and hold [MODE] for one second to
accept the previously stored span gas value and advance
to the next submenu, Change LEL/VOC Span Gas.
3. Starting from the far left digit of the span gas value, use
[Y/+] or [N/-] to change the digit value and press [MODE] to
move to the next digit to the right. Repeat until all span gas
values have been entered. Press and hold [MODE] for one
second to save the new calibration gas value.
4. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new value,
press [Y/+] to accept the change. Press the [N/-] or
[MODE] to discard the change and move to the next
calibration submenu.
4-15
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.4.6 Change LEL/VOC Span Gas
This function allows the user to select a specific LEL or VOC
gas to be used as the span gas during LEL or VOC gas
calibration.
1. When the “Change LEL/VOC Span Gas?” submenu
appears, press [Y/+]. If the LEL sensor is installed and
enabled, the display shows:
TOX1
VOC
LEL Span = ?
TOX2
TOX1
Methane
LEL
VOC
LEL Span = ?
Gamma
Methane
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Otherwise, the message "No LEL installed" appears.
2. If you do not want to change the LEL span gas, press [Y/+]
to accept the current selection and exit this submenu.
3. If you want to select a different LEL span gas, press [N/-].
Then use [Y/+] or [N/-] to scroll through a list of gas names
until a desired gas name appears in the LCD display. Now
press [MODE] to select the new gas name.
4. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new gas
selection, press [Y/+] to accept the change. Press [N/-] or
[MODE] to discard the change and move to the next
display.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
5. If the VOC sensor is installed and enabled, the display
shows:
TOX1
VOC
VOC Span = ?
TOX2
TOX1
Isobutylene
LEL
VOC
VOC Span = ?
Gamma
Isobutylene
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Otherwise, the message “No VOC installed” is shown.
6. If you do not want to change the VOC span gas, press
[Y/+] to accept the current selection and exit this submenu.
7. If you want to select a different VOC span gas, press [N/-]
first then use [Y/+] or [N/-] to scroll through a list of gas
names until a desired gas name appears in the LCD
display. Now press [MODE] to select the new gas name.
8. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new gas, press
[Y/+] to accept the change. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to
discard the change and return to the first calibration
submenu.
4-17
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.5 Change Alarm Limits
You may change each sensor’s alarm limits while in Program
Mode.
These are the submenus for changing the alarm limits:
Change High Alarm limit?
Change Low Alarm limit?
Change STEL alarm limit?
Change Average alarm limit?
5. The items in the submenu allow changing the high alarm
limit, low alarm limit, STEL alarm limit, or average alarm
limit. The average alarm limit can be “Running Average” or
“TWA (Time Weighted Average) depending on the menu
selection on “Change Averaging Method” (see Section
4.7.8). Press [N/-] to cycle through the submenu. Press
[Y/+] to enter a submenu and the display shows “HIGH”,
“LOW,” “STEL,” “TWA,” or “AVG” with a flashing cursor on
the left-most digit of the previously stored alarm limits.
TOX1
200
VOC
100.0
20
HIGH
TOX2
20
TOX1
200
VOC
100.0
Gamma
250
20
HIGH
23.5
23.5
LEL
OXY
LEL
OXY
AreaRAE
TOX1
35
VOC
50.0
10
LOW
LEL
AreaRAE Gamma
TOX2
10
TOX1
23.5
OXY
35
VOC
50.0
Gamma
100
10
LOW
23.5
LEL
AreaRAE
TOX1
100
VOC
25.0
TOX2
15
TOX1
100
STEL
LEL
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
VOC
25.0
Gamma
STEL
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
4-18
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
TOX1
35
VOC
10.0
TOX2
10
TOX1
35
TWA
LEL
VOC
10.0
Gamma
TWA
OXY
LEL
OXY
AreaRAE
AreaRAE Gamma
Alternatively, if the Averaging Method is the Running
Average, the AVG is displayed instead of the TWA. (See
Section 4.7.9: Change Averaging Method.)
TOX1
1.0
VOC
10.0
TOX2
10
TOX1
1.0
AVG
LEL
VOC
10.0
Gamma
AVG
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2. To modify this limit, starting from the left-most digit, use
[Y/+] or [N/-] to change the digit value, and press [MODE]
momentarily to advance to the next digit. The flashing digit
moves on to the next digit to its right. Repeat this process
until all the new alarm limits are entered. Press and hold
[MODE] for 1 second to exit data entry mode. If there is
any change to the existing value, the display shows
“Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new value and move to
the next submenu. Press the [N/-] to discard the changes.
To preserve the previously stored alarm limit, press and
hold [MODE] for 1 second and the monitor exits data entry
mode and moves to the next submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.6 Change Datalog
The AreaRAE calculates and stores the gas readings at a
specified interval. (AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Steel also
store gamma radiation readings.) You can change datalog
setup from the Program Mode. You can also program
additional datalog options by downloading from the PC to the
AreaRAE Steel monitor.
These are the submenus for Datalog options:
Clear All Data?
Change Datalog Period?
Select Data Type?
Enable / Disable Datalog?
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.6.1 Clear All Data
This function erases all data stored in the non-volatile datalog
memory. This does not change STEL, TWA, Peak, minimum
concentration and run time values that are stored in the other
location.
1. “Clear All Data?” is the second item in the Datalog
submenu.
2. Press [Y/+] to clear the data memory. The display shows
“Are You Sure?” to reconfirm the clearing of memory.
3. Pressing [Y/+] again erases all the data memory.
4. Press the [N/-] or [MODE] to exit without clearing the data
memory and move to next datalog submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.6.2 Change Datalog Period
The datalog period can be programmed from 1 to 3,600
seconds (1 hour).
1. “Change Datalog Period?” is the third item in the Datalog
Program submenu item.
2. Press [Y/+], and the display shows “New Period = 0060”
with the left-most digit flashing, where “0060” is the
previously stored data log period.
3. To modify this period, start from the left-most digit and use
the [Y/+] or [N/-] to change the digit value. Then press
[MODE] momentarily to advance to the next digit. The
flashing digit advances to the next digit to the right. Repeat
this process until all four digits of the new period are
entered. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit data
entry mode. If there is any change to the existing value, the
display shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new value
and exit the datalog submenu. Press [N/-] to discard the
changes and move to the next menu option.
4. To preserve the previously stored period, press and hold
[MODE] for 1 second. The monitor exits data entry mode
and moves to the next submenu item.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.6.3 Select Data Type
You can choose to store either the average or the peak value
during each datalog period.
1. When the “Select Data Type?” submenu item appears,
press [Y/+]. The display shows the current data type:
“Data Type = Average?”
2. If you press [Y/+], it accepts the currently displayed data
type and automatically goes into View Datalog. If you press
[N/-] it changes to the other data type: “Data Type =
Peak?” Press [MODE] to exit this submenu and move on
to the next submenu.
3. To change the existing selection, press [Y/+]. The display
shows “Save?” Then press [Y/+] to accept, or [N/-] to
discard and move to the next submenu.
Note: It is necessary to select “Average” data type in order to
calculate the correct STEL and TWA data for a datalogging
report.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.6.4 Enable/Disable Datalog
You can choose to enable or disable the datalogging function
on each individual sensor. This allows selective logging of
certain sensor readings of interest.
1. When “Enable / Disable Datalog?” appears, press [Y/+].
The display shows the entire installed sensor in the
monitor. A previously selected sensor to be datalogged is
marked with an “*” next to the sensor name. The cursor is
blinking at the first sensor location. Press [Y/+] to enable
the datalogging for the sensor and [N/-] to disable the
datalogging.
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
VOC
VOC*
TOX2
H2S*
pick
OXY*
OXY
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
VOC*
Gamma
Gmm*
pick
OXY*
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2. Press [MODE] momentarily to move from one sensor
location to the next one. Repeat Step 2 until all the sensors
that need to be datalogged are selected. Press and hold
[MODE] for 1 second to save the new sensor selection.
3. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new selection,
press [Y/+] to accept the change. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to
discard the change and return to the first datalog submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7 Change Monitor Setup
In the Program Mode, you may change monitor setup or enter
user information for the AreaRAE.
Monitor Setup submenu:
User Mode
Refer to section
Change Site ID?
4.7.1
Change User ID?
4.7.2
Change Alarm Mode?
4.7.3
Change User Mode?
4.7.4
Change Real-time Clock?
4.7.5
Change Light and Buzzer Mode?
4.7.6
Change Password?
4.7.7
Change Pump Duty Cycle?
4.7.8
Change Pump Speed?
4.7.9
Change Averaging Method?
4.7.10
Change Display Language?
4.7.11
Set Temperature Unit?
4.7.12
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.1 Change Site ID
To change the Site ID, you must enter an eight-digit
alphanumeric site ID in the Program Mode. This site ID is then
included in the datalog report.
1. “Change Site ID?” is the first submenu item. Press [MODE]
to choose one of them and press [Y/+]. The display shows
the current site ID: “Site ID = xxxxxxxx” with the left-most
digit flashing.
2. Press the [Y/+] or [N/-] to cycle through all 26 letters and 10
numerals. Press [MODE] momentarily to advance to the
next digit. The flashing digit moves to the next digit to the
right. Repeat this process until all 8 digits of the new site ID
are entered.
3. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit the data entry
mode and move to the next monitor setup submenu.
4. If there is any change to the existing site ID, the display
shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new site ID and
exit the monitor setup submenu. Press [N/-] to discard the
changes and move to the next submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.2 Change User ID
To change the User ID, enter an eight-digit alphanumeric user
ID in the Program Mode. This user ID is then included in the
datalog report.
1. “Change User ID?” is the second submenu item. Press
[Y/+] and the display shows the current user ID: “User
ID=xxxxxxxx” with the left digits flashing.
2. Press [Y/+] or [N/-] to cycle through all 26 letters and 10
numerals. Press [MODE] momentarily to advance to the
next digit. The flashing digit moves to the next digit to its
right. Repeat this process until all 8 digits of the new user
ID are entered.
3. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit the data entry
mode and move to the next monitor setup submenu.
4. If there are any changes to the existing user ID, the display
shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new user ID and
exit the monitor setup submenu. Press [N/-] to discard the
changes and move to the next submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.3 Change Alarm Mode
There are two different alarm modes that can be selected from
the programming menu in the AreaRAE, latched and auto
reset:
1. “Change Alarm Mode?” is the third submenu item. Press
[Y/+], the display shows the current alarm mode selection:
“Alarm Mode = Latched?”
2. Press [Y/+] to accept the currently displayed alarm mode.
Press [N/-] to change to the other alarm mode: “Alarm
Mode = Auto Reset?” Press [MODE] to exit this submenu
and move to the next monitor setup submenu.
3. If there is any change to the existing selection, press [Y/+]
and the display shows “Save?” Then press [Y/+] to accept
or [N/-] to discard and move to the next submenu.
4-28
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.4 Change User Mode
You can select three different user modes from the
programming menu: program, display, and text.
1. “Change User Mode?” is the fourth submenu item. Press
[Y/+], the display shows the current user mode selection:
“User Mode = Program?”
2. Press [Y/+] to accept the currently displayed user mode.
Press [N/-] to scroll through the other two user modes.
Press [MODE] to exit this submenu and move to the next
monitor setup submenu.
3. If there is any change to the existing selection, press [Y/+]
and the display shows “Disable Program! Are you Sure?”
Then press [Y/+] to accept or [N/-] to discard and move to
the next submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.5 Change Real-time Clock
The AreaRAE is equipped with a real-time clock. You can enter
the correct date and time into the real-time clock in the
Program Mode.
1. “Change Real-time Clock?” is the fifth submenu item.
Press [Y/+] and the display shows both the current date
and time: “Date = April 01, ’05” and “Time = hh : mm” with
the left-most digit of the date flashing.
2. To modify this value, use the [Y/+] or [N/-] to change the
digit value and press [MODE] momentarily to advance to
the next digit. The flashing digit advances on to next digit to
its right. Repeat this process until the new date and time
values are entered. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to
exit data entry mode. If there is any change to the existing
value, the display shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the
new value and move to next submenu. Press the [N/-] to
discard the changes and move to next submenu.
4-30
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.6 Change Light and Buzzer Mode
The AreaRAE allows you to turn the light and buzzer on or off.
The factory settings are saved to have both the light and
buzzer turn on during alarm conditions. However, after you
change and save the settings, that particular setting appears
the next time you enter this menu to change the options again.
1. At the screen “Change Light & Buzzer Mode?” press [Y/+]
to view submenus. Otherwise, press [N/-] to advance to the
Change Password menu.
2. When the display “Light & Buzzer = Both On?” appears,
press [Y/+] to accept the option and advance to the
Change Password menu; the light turns on and the buzzer
sounds during alarm conditions. Otherwise, press [N/-] to
decline and move to the next submenu.
3. When the display “Light & Buzzer = Light Only?” appears,
press [Y/+] to accept and only the light turns on during
alarm conditions Otherwise, press [N/-] to decline and the
“Light & Buzzer = Buzzer Only?” screen appears. Press
[Y/+] to accept and advance to the Change Password
menu; only the buzzer sounds during alarm conditions
Otherwise, press [N/-] to decline and move to next
submenu.
4. When the display “Light & Buzzer = Both off?” appears,
press [N/-] to return to step 1, or press [Y/+] to accept and
advance to the Change Password menu; neither the light
nor the buzzer sounds during alarm conditions.
4-31
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.7 Change Password
You can modify the password from the monitor.
1. When the screen “Change Password?” appears, press
[Y/+] and the display shows the current password: “Enter
new password = xxxx” with the left-most digit flashing.
2. Press [Y/+] or [N/-] to cycle through all 10 numerals. Press
[MODE] momentarily to advance to the next digit. The
flashing digit moves to the next digit to the right. Repeat
this process until all four digits of the new password are
entered.
3. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit the data entry
mode and move to the next monitor setup submenu.
4. If there is any change to the existing password, the display
shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new password.
Press [N/-] to discard the changes and move to the next
submenu.
5. Next, the monitor asks to confirm this value, “Confirm New
Password = 0000” with the far left digit blinking. Re-enter
the number as before to exit the Monitor Setup submenu. If
the number is not entered correctly a second time, the
password reverts to its original setting.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.8 Change Pump Duty Cycle
A duty cycle is the ratio of the time the pump is on during 10second periods. For example, a 30% duty cycle means that the
instrument turns the pump on for three seconds, and then turns
the pump off for seven seconds. You may control the time the
pump is on during the specified 10-second period. Currently,
users may only set the duty cycle from 20% (2 seconds) to
100% (10 seconds) with 10% (1 second) increments.
Increasing the duty cycle gives the instrument more time to
clean its lamp, reducing lamp contamination and slowing the
rate of signal degradation.
A disabled duty cycle means the pump is always on. The
pump duty cycle is disabled when the reading is higher than
2.0 ppm and is enabled when the reading drops below 1.6
ppm. Users may also disable the duty cycle by setting the duty
cycle to 100%. The duty cycle is also disabled during system
warm-up, PC communication mode and calibration mode.
1. At the “Change Duty Cycle?” display, press [Y/+] to enter
this menu. Otherwise, press [N/-] to advance to the next
menu option, “Change Pump Speed?”
2. Next, the screen “New Duty Cycle =” appears with a
percentage value following it. If the percentage is less than
100%, then press [Y/+] to increase the duty cycle by 10%.
If the percentage is greater than 20%, then press [N/-] to
decrease the duty cycle by 10%.
3. Once the specified value has been selected, press [MODE]
for three seconds. The screen “Value Changed?” appears.
If no values have been changed, the unit advances to next
menu option, “Change Pump Speed?”
4. If values have been changed, you may save changes when
the screen “Save?” appears by pressing [Y/+]. A “Save!”
message confirms changed settings have been saved.
5. If you decide not to save changes to settings, then press
[N/-] when “Save?” appears. The AreaRAE Steel advances
to next menu option, “Change Pump Speed?”
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.9. Change Pump Speed
Two speed settings for the pump motor can be selected from
the programming menu: low (default) and high. The “high”
setting (400cc flow per minute) should be used for long lengths
of tubing or when rapid changes in input conditions are
expected. The “Low” setting (300cc flow per minute) may be
selected when the operating conditions are slow to change.
Low may also be used to prolong pump motor life, LEL sensor
life and battery run time.
1. When the “Change Pump Motor Speed?” display appears,
press [Y/+]. The display shows the current pump speed
selection: “Pump Speed = Low?”
2. Press [Y/+] to accept the currently displayed pump speed
and move to the next monitor setup submenu. Press [N/-]
to change to the other speed, “Pump Speed = High?”
Press [MODE] to exit this submenu and move to the next
monitor setup submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.10 Change Averaging Method
There are two methods of calculation used in the averaging of
the monitor. Using this selection can cause the calculation to
be performed using an eight-hour time-weighted average
(TWA), the default, or a running average (AVG). The display
indicator for the selected averaging type shows on the LCD
display wherever the average is indicated.
1. When the “Change Averaging Method?” screen appears,
press [Y/+]. The display shows the current average
selection: “Average Type = TWA?”
2. If you press [Y/+], it accepts the currently displayed type
and automatically goes into Change Site ID. If you press
[N/-], it changes to the other selection: “Average Type =
Running Average?” Press [Y/+] to select it.
3. If there is any change to the existing selection, pressing
[Y/+], the display will show “Save?” Then, press [Y/+] to
accept or [N/-] to discard and move to the first setup
submenu.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.11 Change Display Language
You may choose to view the display menus in Spanish.
1. When the “Change Display Language?” screen appears,
press [N/-] to keep the language setting in English. The
AreaRAE Steel advances to next menu option, “Set
Temperature Unit?”
2. To switch the language to Spanish, press [Y/+] to enter
submenu “Change Language = Spanish.” Press [Y/+] again
to confirm your selection. The AreaRAE Steel advances to
next menu option, “Set Temperature Unit?” Otherwise,
press [N/-] to return to step 1.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.7.12 Set Temperature Unit
You may change the temperature unit from Fahrenheit to
Celsius (factory setting), or back to Fahrenheit from Celsius.
1. At the “Set Temperature Unit?” display, press [Y/+]. The
next screen to appear is either “Temperature Unit =
Fahrenheit?” or “Temperature Unit = Celsius?”
2. Press [N/-] to toggle between units of measurement. Then
press [Y/+] when the desired unit appears on screen.
3. When the “save?” screen appears, press [Y/+] to accept
new settings and advance to the next menu option,
Change Sensor Configuration. Otherwise, press [N/-] to go
back to step 1.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.8 Change Sensor Configuration
In Program Mode, you may change several sensor-related
configurations of the AreaRAE monitor. The Sensor
Configuration Submenu contains these configurations:
Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection?
Enable / Disable Sensors?
Change Dilution Ratio?
Change PID Lamp Type?
Change RAD Unit? *
* On AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel
only.
Before these submenus are described, the term “Correction
Factor” needs to be explained:
4.8.1 Correction Factor
The PID and LEL sensor used in the AreaRAE are broadband
sensors (that is, they respond to a broad range of gases).
These sensors typically show a different sensitivity to different
gases. The correction factor for a specific gas is defined as:
Sensitivity to a calibration gas
Correction Factor = ___________________________
Sensitivity to a specific gas
Correction factors are often used to obtain a calculated
concentration of a specific gas while using a different gas
during calibration.
The AreaRAE stores three sets of correction factors: One for
the LEL sensor, one for the 10.6 eV PID sensor and the other
for the 11.7 eV PID sensor. Each set consists of 20 to 40
different gases. You can choose one gas from the list to be the
calibration gas and another gas to be the measurement gas.
For example, you can choose methane as the calibration gas
for the LEL sensor and select pentane as the measurement
4-38
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
gas. The AreaRAE calculates the correction factor between
these two gases and converts the measured value of the LEL
sensor into an equivalent concentration of the pentane gas.
Similarly, you can choose one VOC gas for calibration and
another VOC gas for measurement. In addition, the correction
factor is different for the PID sensor due to different energy of
the UV lamp used in the PID sensor. You must choose the
correct type of UV lamp (10.6 eV ) for the PID sensor, which is
described in Section 4.8.5: Change PID Lamp Type.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.8.2 Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection
This function allows a choice of one of the pre-stored LEL or
VOC gases in the monitor and calculate its correction factor
relative to the LEL or VOC calibration gas. This factor will then
be used during gas measurements to show the equivalent
concentration of the selected LEL or VOC gas. The user can
also modify this relative correction factor to increase or
decrease the gas reading. This allows the user to create a
custom factor for a specific gas or mixture of gases.
1. “Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection?” is the first submenu
item. Press [Y/+]. If an LEL sensor is installed, the display
shows:
TOX1
VOC
LEL Gas = ?
TOX2
TOX1
Methane
LEL
VOC
LEL Gas = ?
Gamma
Methane
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Otherwise, the message “No LEL installed” is displayed,
and skip to Step 8.
2. If you do not want to change the LEL measurement gas,
press [Y/+] to accept the current gas and skip to Step 6.
3. If you want to modify the LEL measurement gas, press
[N/-] first, then use [Y/+] or [N/-] to scroll through a list of
gas names until the desired gas name appears in the LCD
display, then press [MODE] to select the new gas name.
4. The display shows “Save new gas?” To confirm the new
gas, press [Y/+] to accept the change. Press the [N/-] or
[MODE] to discard the change and move to the next step.
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PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
5. “1.00” is the calculated correction factor of the selected gas
in Step 4.
TOX1
VOC
Methane
TOX2
TOX1
LEL Factor = 1.00?
LEL
VOC
Methane
Gamma
LEL Factor = 1.00?
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
6. If you do not want to modify the LEL correction factor,
press [Y/+] and go to Step 8. To modify this factor, press
[N/-] first. Then starting from the left-most digit, use the
[Y/+] or [N/-] to change the digit value and press [MODE]
momentarily to advance to the next digit. The flashing digit
will move on to next digit to its right. Repeat this process
until all 4 digits of the new factor are entered. Press and
hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit data entry mode. If there
is any change to the existing value, the display shows
“Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new value and exit the
gas selection submenu. Press the [N/-] to discard the
changes.
7. If the VOC sensor is installed, the display shows:
TOX1
VOC
VOC Gas = ?
TOX2
TOX1
Isobutylene
LEL
VOC
VOC Gas = ?
Gamma
Isobutylene
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
Otherwise, the message “No VOC installed” is displayed
and moves to the next submenu.
8. If you do not want to change the VOC measurement gas,
press [Y/+] to accept the current gas and go to Step 12.
9. If you want to modify the VOC measurement gas, press
[N/-] first, then use [Y/+] or [N/-] to scroll through a list of
gas names until the desired gas name appears in the LCD
display, then press [MODE] to select the new gas name.
10. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new gas, press
[Y/+] to accept the change. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to
discard the change and move to the next step.
4-41
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
11. “1.00” is the calculated correction factor of the selected gas
in Step 10.
TOX1
VOC
Isobutylene
TOX2
TOX1
VOC Factor = 1.00?
LEL
VOC
Isobutylene
Gamma
VOC Factor = 1.00?
OXY
LEL
AreaRAE
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
12. If you do not want to modify the VOC correction factor,
press [Y/+] and exit the submenu. To modify this factor,
press [N/-] first. Then starting from the left-most digit, use
[Y/+] or [N/-] to change the digit value, and press [MODE]
momentarily to advance to the next digit. The flashing digit
will move on to next digit to its right. Repeat this process
until all 4 digits of the new factor are entered. Press and
hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit data entry mode. If there
is a change to the existing value, the display shows
“Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new value and exit the
gas selection submenu. Press [N/-] to discard the changes.
4-42
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.8.3 Enable/Disable Sensor
This function allows you to selectively enable or disable
individual sensors in the AreaRAE. When a sensor is disabled,
the sensor does not measure or display the gas concentration.
1. “Enable / Disable Sensors?” is the second submenu. Press
[Y/+]. The display shows all the installed sensors in the
monitor. A previously enabled sensor is marked by an “*”
next to the sensor name. The cursor blinks at the first
sensor location. Press [Y/+] to enable the sensor and [N/-]
to disable the sensor.
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
VOC
VOC*
TOX2
H2S*
pick
OXY*
OXY
TOX1
CO*
LEL*
LEL
AreaRAE
VOC
VOC*
Gamma
Gmm*
pick
OXY*
OXY
AreaRAE Gamma
2. Press [MODE] momentarily to move from one sensor
location to the next one. Repeat Step 2 until all the sensors
that need to be enabled are selected. Press and hold
[MODE] for 1 second to save the new sensor selection.
3. The display shows “Save?” To confirm the new selection,
press [Y/+] to accept the change. Press [N/-] or [MODE] to
discard the change and move to the next submenu.
4-43
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.8.4 Change Dilution Ratio
You can connect an optional dilution fitting to the AreaRAE’s
gas inlet port to dilute the gas sample. Enter a dilution ratio
(from 1 to 10) from the programming menu so that the reading
can be compensated to show the actual concentration of the
gas sample with the dilution fitting:
1. “Change Dilution Ratio?” is the third submenu item. Press
[Y/+], and the display shows the current dilution ratio:
“Dilution Ratio = xx” with the left-most digit flashing.
2. Press the [Y/+] or [N/-] to increase or decrease the value of
the digit. Press [MODE] momentarily to advance to the
next digit. The flashing digit moves to the next digit to the
right. Repeat this process until both digits of the new
dilution ratio are entered.
3. Press and hold [MODE] for 1 second to exit the data entry
mode and move to the next submenu.
4. If there is any change to the existing dilution ratio, the
display shows “Save?” Press [Y/+] to accept the new ratio
and exit the submenu. Press [N/-] to discard the changes
and move to the next submenu.
4-44
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.8.5 Change PID Lamp Type
This programming menu only applies to the monitor equipped
with a PID detector option. There are two different energy UV
lamps available for the PID sensor: 10.6 eV . You user must
select a lamp in order for the instrument to calibrate correctly.
1. “Change PID Lamp Type?” is the fourth submenu item.
Press [Y/+], and the display shows the current PID lamp
selection: “PID Lamp = 10.6 eV?”
2. Press [Y/+] to accept the currently displayed PID lamp and
automatically advance to Change LEL/VOC Gas Selection.
Press [N/-] to switch to the other lamp. Press [MODE] to
exit this submenu and return to the first submenu.
3. If there is any change to the existing selection, press [Y/+]
and the display shows “Save?” Then, press [Y/+] to accept
or [N/-] to discard and return to the first submenu.
4.8.6 Change RAD Unit (Gamma Models)
This programming menu on the AreaRAE Gamma and
AreaRAE Gamma Steel allows you to choose the display unit
for radiation measurement. The default display unit is µR/h.
1. “Change RAD Unit” is the fifth submenu item. Press [Y/+]
and the current radiation unit selection is: “RAD Unit =
µR/h?”
2. Press [Y/+] to accept the current selection and go to the
next submenu. Press [N/-] to switch to µSv/h. Press
[MODE] to exit this submenu and return to the first
submenu.
If there is any change to the existing selection, press [Y/+] and
the display will show “Save?” Then, press [Y/+] again to
accept or press [N/-] to discard changes and return to the first
submenu.
4-45
PROGRAMMING THE AREARAE
4.9 Exit Program Mode
To exit Program Mode from the first-tier menu level, press
[MODE] once.
1. Display shows an instantaneous reading of normal
operation mode.
2. To exit Program Mode from second-tier submenu level,
press [MODE] twice.
3. To return to Program Mode, press and hold down both
[MODE] and [N/-] for three seconds.
4-46
THEORY OF OPERATION
5.0 Theory of Operation
The AreaRAE uses one to five different sensors to measure a
variety of gases. A newly developed electrodeless discharge
UV lamp is used as the high-energy photon source for the PID
sensor (see Figure 5-1). The patented PID sensor detects a
broad range of organic vapors. Up to two electrochemical toxic
gas sensors can be installed in the monitor to measure
inorganic toxic gases. Many different types of toxic sensors are
offered. They can be plugged into these two sensor sockets
and are interchangeable. A catalytic bead sensor is used to
measure combustible gases. An electrochemical sensor is
used to measure oxygen concentration. In the AreaRAE
Gamma and AreaRAE Gamma Steel, a gamma radiation
sensor is used in place of the second toxic gas sensor.
LCD Display
Pump
Keypad
Buzzer
Microprocessor
UV Lamp
PID
TOX1
LED
TOX2
or
Gamma
Battery
Light
Sensor
Serial
Port
LEL
OXY
Charger
Figure 5-1 Block Diagram of the AreaRAE Monitor
5-1
THEORY OF OPERATION
The PID sensor for the AreaRAE is located in a small cavity in
front of the UV lamp. The other sensors are mounted next to
the PID sensor. A diaphragm pump is installed inside the
monitor enclosure to draw an air sample into the sensor
manifold and then distribute it to all sensors.
NOTE: The gamma radiation sensor on the AreaRAE Gamma
and AreaRAE Gamma Steel does not rely on pumped air.
A single-chip microprocessor controls the operation of the
alarm buzzer, LED, pump and light sensor. It measures the
sensor readings and calculates the gas concentrations based
on calibration to known standard gases. Collected data is
stored in non-volatile memory so that it can be sent to a PC for
record keeping. RS-232 transceivers provide a serial interface
between the monitor and the serial port of a PC. A 2-line by 16character LCD display is used to show the readings. The user
interacts with the monitor through three keys on the front panel
keypad.
A rechargeable lithium-ion battery or a six C-cell alkaline
battery pack powers the monitor.
Note: The printed circuit board of the monitor is connected to
the battery pack even when the power is turned off. Therefore,
it is important to disconnect the battery pack before servicing or
replacing sensors or other components inside the monitor.
Severe damage to the printed circuit board may occur if the
battery pack is not disconnected before servicing the unit.
5-2
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.0 Maintenance: AreaRAE &
AreaRAE Gamma
1 5
4
2
Figure 6-1 Internal Components of AreaRAE Gamma
1. Gas Plate
2. Gas sensors
3. Gamma Sensor
4. Charcoal filter
5. Pump
6-1
3
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.1 Battery Replacement
When the display shows a flashing message “Bat,” the battery
requires recharging. The battery may be replaced in the field
(in area known to be non-hazardous) if required. It is
recommended to recharge the AreaRAE or AreaRAE Gamma
monitor upon returning from fieldwork. A fully charged battery
powers an AreaRAE for up to 24 hours of continuous
operation. The charging time is less than 10 hours for a fully
discharged battery. The built-in charging circuit is controlled by
two-step constant voltage/constant current charging to prevent
overcharging.
WARNING
To reduce the risk of ignition of hazardous atmospheres,
recharge battery only in area known to be non-hazardous.
Remove and replace battery only in area’s known to be nonhazardous.
6-2
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.2 Sensor Replacement
The toxic, combustible and oxygen sensors all have an
expected operating life. Under normal operating condition,
most sensors will lose their original sensitivity after the
expected operating life and will need to be replaced.
Each sensor module in AreaRAE and AreaRAE Gamma
includes a non-volatile memory, which records the
manufacturing date of the sensor. In the diagnostic mode, the
microprocessor will check the date code and display the
expiration date of each sensor. It is suggested that the user
should replace the sensor when the current date exceeds the
expiration date of a sensor.
Sensor Replacement Procedure
The oxygen and combustible sensor both have unique sensor
sockets in the AreaRAE. The toxic sensor socket in the
AreaRAE allows plugging in any sensor selected from the
series of toxic sensors offered by RAE Systems Inc.
1. Turn AreaRAE off.
2. Remove the battery pack. (See Section 3.2:
Interchangeable Battery Packs.)
3. Open the monitor by removing the four hex screws that
hold the front and back housing together:
6-3
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
Figure 6-2 Gas Plate of AreaRAE
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 6-3 Detailed Sensor Assembly of AreaRAE Gamma
1. PID sensor
2. Toxic sensor
3. LEL sensor
4. Gamma sensor (toxic sensor 2 in AreaRAE)
5. O2 sensor
6-4
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
4. Refer to Figures 6-2 and 6-3: Carefully unscrew the three
screws that hold down the gas plate to the analog PCB and
sensors. Remove the gas plate.
5. Identify the location of a specific toxic sensor and remove
the sensor by gently pulling the sensor upward.
6. Plug a new sensor into the empty sensor socket. Make
sure that black line on the sensor label is lined up with the
white marker on the PCB and the sensor pins are aligned
with the socket before pushing down the sensor.
7. Replace the gas plate and tighten the three screws to hold
down the sensors. Reconnect the battery pack. Replace
the monitor cover.
8. Turn AreaRAE on. The microprocessor automatically
recognizes the sensors installed and configure the monitor
accordingly.
NOTE: The gamma radiation sensor installed in the
AreaRAE Gamma does not usually need to be replaced
unless it is damaged or malfunctioning. To replace the
gamma sensor, remove the dummy sensor plug from the
PCB and the gamma sensor module. Replace it with a new
module and reconnect the dummy sensor plug on the PCB.
Special Bias Voltage for Toxic Sensors
The NO toxic sensors require a special 300 mV bias voltage to
operate. Only the first toxic sensor socket provides such a
special bias voltage. Therefore, NO toxic sensor must be
installed into the first toxic sensor socket (Tox1) in AreaRAEGamma.
In addition, there is a DIP switch or pin jumper located on the
analog PCB next to the PID sensor. When an NO toxic sensor
is plugged into the first toxic sensor socket, it is necessary to
switch the jumper to the right to enable the bias voltage. During
the power-on sequence, the microprocessor checks the sensor
ID and the bias voltage. If the NO sensor is plugged into the
wrong toxic sensor socket or he jumper is not switched on, an
error message is displayed.
6-5
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.3 PID Sensor Cleaning
This section only applies to a monitor that is equipped with the
PID detector option. During the course of normal operation, a
film of gas vapor may build up inside the PID sensor module
and the UV lamp. The rate at which the film develops depends
on the type and concentration of the vapors being sampled. As
a guide, it is recommended to clean the PID sensor module
and lamp only when the PID is malfunctioning.
The sensor module is made of several components and is
attached to the lamp housing unit.
If the lamp does not turn on, the monitor displays an error
message of “Lamp” to indicate cleaning or replacing the lamp is
required. Periodic cleaning of the lamp window also removes
film deposits and restores lamp sensitivity. Care must be
exercised when cleaning the window surface so that it is not
damaged.
1. Turn off the AreaRAE, make sure it has been disconnected
from the battery charger, and then remove the battery
pack.
2. Refer to Figure 6-1: Open the monitor cover by unscrewing
the four hex screws that holds the front and back housing
together.
3. Refer to Figures 6-2 and 6-3: Carefully unscrew the three
crews that hold down the gas plate to the analog PCB and
sensors. Remove the gas plate.
4. Remove the shielding cap for the PID sensor. Gently pull
out the PID sensor. Note the sensor is made of Teflon and
stainless steel material.
6-6
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
5. Dip the entire PID sensor into GC-grade methanol. It is
highly recommended that an ultrasound bath to be used to
clean the sensor for at least 3 minutes. Then dry the
sensor thoroughly.
6. If the lamp is operational, use a cotton swab to clean the
flat window surface with GC-grade methanol. If the lamp
does not turn on, remove the UV lamp.
7. Install a new lamp, avoiding contact with the flat window
surface.
8. Reinstall the PID sensor. Install the shielding cap.
9. Refer to Figures 6-2 and 6-3, install the gas plate and
tighten the four screws to hold down the sensors.
10. Replace the four hex screws holding the instrument
housing together.
11. Reinstall the battery pack.
12. Calibrate the instrument prior to placing it back into service.
6-7
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.4 Taking Care of the Lamp
During the course of regular operation, the UV lamp will
become contaminated. Therefore, the lamp requires periodic
cleaning. The “Lamp” error is an indication of a problem with
the lamp current. A dirty or contaminated sensor often causes
high readings of the VOC sensor. A weak or inoperative lamp
often causes low readings or no response to test gas. If the UV
lamp is on while the error message persists, then it is
necessary to adjust the lamp threshold. Please refer to Chapter
8 for details of adjusting the threshold level for the UV lamp.
CAUTION!
Never touch the window surface with fingers or anything which
may leave a film. Water degrades window surfaces, especially
the 11.7 eV lamp window.
“LAMP”
Bump Test (Raw Count)
PASS & “LAMP”
still on LCD
failed
Check Threshold
Refer to Chapter 8
Cold Lamp Check
Refer to Appendix A
6-8
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
6.5 Sampling Pump Replacement
The sampling pump is positive displacement piston pump.
When approaching the end of the specified lifetime of the
pump, it will consume higher amount of energy and reduce its
sample draw capability significantly. When this occurs, it is
necessary to replace the pump.
1. Turn off the AreaRAE, and remove the battery pack.
2. Refer to Figures 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3. Remove the four hex
screws holding the instrument housing together.
3. Carefully unscrew the three screws that hold down the gas
plate to the analog PCB and sensors.
4. Remove the gas plate.
5. Carefully loosen the connector.
6. Remove the two screws that hold the pump assembly to
the gas plate.
7. Unscrew the two screws that holding the pump to the PCB.
8. Disconnect the Tygon tubing that connects the pump to the
gas inlet port.
9. Replace with a new pump assembly.
10. Connect the Tygon tubing to the gas inlet port.
11. Reattach the pump and screw down the pump assembly to
the analog PCB.
12. Replace the gas plate and tighten the three screws to hold
down the sensors.
13. Reattach the hex screws holding the instrument housing
together.
14. Reinstall the battery pack.
Dust Filter
The dust filter’s function is to reduce the level of dust and
moisture entering the sensors and the pump. By replacing the
dust filter routinely, it can reduce cost of maintenance on the
pump or replacement of the sensors.
6-9
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE
The dust filter should be changed when build-up of water
droplets or dust is observed. To change the dust filters, pull
apart the lock connections and replace the dust filter.
6-10
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.0 Maintenance: AreaRAE
Steel & AreaRAE
Steel Gamma
2
3
1
4
4
5
Figure 7-1 Internal Components of the AreaRAE Steel
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Gas Plate
Dust Filter
Pump
Sensors
Toxic 2 sensor (replaced by gamma sensor in AreaRAE
Gamma Steel)
WARNING
To reduce the risk of ignition of hazardous atmospheres, open
the enclosure only in areas known to be non-hazardous.
7-1
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.1 Opening The AreaRAE Steel
1. Turn off the AreaRAE Steel or AreaRAE Gamma Steel,
and disconnect it from its power source.
2. Remove the antenna by unscrewing it.
3. Remove the handle.
4. Remove the four screw-in feet by turning them
counterclockwise.
5. Remove the battery: Loosen the four Philips screws and lift
off the cover plate. Pull out the battery by holding the ends
of the black ribbon.
6. Remove all six hex screws that hold the front and back
halves together.
7. Separate the two halves. If necessary, use a coin or
screwdriver to gently pry between the mating flanges
where the hex screws go. Do not use a sharp tool.
7.2 Reassembling The AreaRAE
Steel
1. Place the main housing face-down so the O-ring groove is
facing up.
2. Make sure the O-ring is installed and is placed inside the
groove without twisting.
3. Place the back of the housing onto the front, carefully
checking that the O-ring is in place. Align all the mounting
holes.
4. Push down on the back of the housing to see if both
indexed bushings on the side mounting tab engage into the
corresponding index holes. Adjust the alignment if the
mounting holes are not aligned.
5. Place the first hex screw into the side mounting hole where
the index bushing is installed.
6. Hand-tighten the screw two turns into the receptacle.
7. Place the second screw into the mounting hole opposite
from the first one and hand-tighten it two turns.
8. Place the rest of the screws in the opposite side and handtighten them by two turns until all screws are in place.
9. Hand-tighten each screw a few more turns in alternation
until all screws are hand-tightened.
7-2
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
10. Use a hex wrench to tighten each screw in alternation by
1/4 turn until all screws are tight.
11. Replace the handle.
12. Replace the four feet.
13. Replace the antenna.
14. Replace the battery and its cover plate.
15. Reconnect power to the AreaRAE Steel.
7-3
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.3 Battery Replacement
When the display shows a flashing message “Bat,” the battery
requires recharging. The battery may be replaced in the field
(in areas known to be non-hazardous) if required. It is
recommended to recharge the AreaRAE Steel monitor upon
returning from fieldwork. A fully charged battery powers the
AreaRAE Steel monitor for up to 24 hours’ continuous
operation. The charging time is typically less than 10 hours for
a fully discharged battery. The built-in charging circuit is
controlled by two-step constant voltage/constant current
charging to prevent overcharging.
WARNING
To reduce the risk of ignition of hazardous atmospheres,
recharge the battery only in areas known to be non-hazardous.
Remove and replace battery only in areas known to be nonhazardous.
7-4
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.4 Sensor Replacement
The toxic, combustible and oxygen sensors all have an
expected operating life. Under normal operating conditions,
most sensors lose their original sensitivity after the expected
operating life and will need to be replaced.
Each sensor module in the AreaRAE Steel includes a nonvolatile memory, which records the manufacturing date of the
sensor. The microprocessor checks the date code and display
the expiration date of each sensor. It is suggested that the user
should replace the sensor when the current date exceeds the
expiration date of a sensor.
Sensor Replacement Procedure
The oxygen and combustible sensor each has a unique sensor
socket in the AreaRAE Steel. The two toxic sensor sockets
allow plugging in any two sensors selected from the series of
toxic sensors offered by RAE Systems Inc.
1. Turn the AreaRAE Steel off.
2. Remove the battery pack. (See Section 3.2: Interchangeable Battery Packs.)
3. Open the monitor housing by removing the six hex screws
that hold the housing together.
Figure 7-2 Housing hex screw
7-5
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
4. Disconnect the rear battery cover and then disconnect
the battery from the printed circuit board.
Figure 7-3 Battery connection
5. Remove the three screws that hold down the gas
piping plate to the printed circuit board. Remove the
gas piping plate.
Figure 7-4 Gas piping plate removal
7-6
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
6. Identify the location of a specific toxic sensor and
remove the sensor by gently pulling the sensor
upward. Note: In the AreaRAE Gamma and AreaRAE
Gamma Steel, the gamma radiation sensor replaces
the Toxic 2 sensor.
LEL Sensor
Photoionization
Detector
O2 Sensor
Toxic 1 Sensor
Toxic 2 Sensor
Figure 7-5 Sensor locations
7. Plug a new sensor into the empty sensor socket. Make
sure that black line on the sensor label is lined up with
the white marker on the PCB and the sensor pins are
aligned with the socket before pushing down the
sensor.
8. Replace the gas piping plate and tighten the three
screws to hold down the sensors.
9. Reassemble the AreaRAE Steel.
10. Connect the battery pack to the printed circuit board,
place the battery in its compartment, and replace the
cover plate and its four screws.
11. Turn the AreaRAE Steel on, and the monitor
automatically recognizes the sensors installed and
configures the monitor accordingly.
NOTE: The gamma radiation sensor installed in the
AreaRAE Gamma Steel does not usually need to be
replaced unless it is damaged or malfunctioning. To
replace the gamma sensor, remove the dummy sensor
plug from the PCB and the gamma sensor module.
Replace it with a new module and reconnect the dummy
sensor plug on the PCB.
7-7
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
Special Bias Voltage for Toxic Sensors
The NO toxic sensors require a special 300 mV bias voltage to
operate. Only the first toxic sensor socket provides such a
special bias voltage. Therefore, NO toxic sensors must be
installed into the first toxic sensor socket (Tox1) in AreaRAEGamma.
In addition, there is a dip switch or pin jumper located on the
analog PCB next to the PID sensor. When an NO toxic sensor
is plugged into the first toxic sensor socket, it is necessary to
switch the jumper to the right to enable the bias voltage. During
power on sequence, the microprocessor will check the sensor
ID and the bias voltage. If the NO sensor is plugged into the
wrong toxic sensor socket or he jumper is not switched on, an
error message will be displayed.
7-8
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.5 PID Sensor Cleaning/Replacement
This section only applies to a monitor that is equipped with the
PID detector option. During the course of normal operation, a
film of gas vapor may build up inside the PID sensor module
and the UV lamp. The rate at which the film develops depends
on the type and concentration of the vapors being sampled. As
a guide, it is recommended to clean the PID sensor module
and lamp only when the PID is malfunctioning. The sensor
module is made of several components and is attached to the
lamp housing unit. If the lamp does not turn on, the monitor
displays an error message of “Lamp” to indicate cleaning or
replacing of the lamp is required. Periodic cleaning of the lamp
window will also remove film deposits and restore lamp
sensitivity. Care must be exercised when cleaning the window
surface so that it will not be damaged.
1. Turn off the AreaRAE Steel. Make sure it has been
disconnected from the battery charger, and then remove
the battery pack.
2. Open the monitor cover, and carefully remove the gas
piping plate from the printed circuit board and sensors.
3. Remove the shielding cap for the PID sensor. Gently pull
out the PID sensor. Note: The sensor is made of Teflon
and stainless steel material.
4. Dip the entire PID sensor into GC-grade methanol. It is
highly recommended that an ultrasound bath to be used to
clean the sensor for at least 3 minutes. Then dry the
sensor thoroughly.
5. If the lamp is operational, use a cotton swab to clean the
flat window surface with GC-grade methanol. If the lamp
does not turn on remove the UV lamp.
6. Install a new lamp, avoiding contact with the flat window
surface.
7. Reinstall the PID sensor. Install the shielding cap.
8. Replace the gas piping plate. Reattach the instrument
housing and reinstall the battery pack.
9. Calibrate the instrument prior to placing it back into service.
7-9
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.6 Taking Care of the Lamp
During the course of regular operation, the UV lamp becomes
contaminated. Therefore, the lamp requires periodic cleaning.
The “Lamp” error is an indication of a problem with the lamp
current. A dirty or contaminated sensor often causes high
readings of the VOC sensor. A weak or inoperative lamp often
causes low readings or no response to test gas. If the UV lamp
is on while the error message persists, then it is necessary to
adjust the lamp threshold. Refer to Chapter 8 for details of
adjusting the threshold level for the UV lamp.
CAUTION!
Never touch the window surface with fingers or anything that
may leave a film. Water degrades window surfaces, especially
the 11.7 eV lamp.
“LAMP”
Bump Test (Raw Count)
PASS & “LAMP”
still on LCD
failed
Check Threshold
Refer to Section 8-1
Cold Lamp Check
Refer to Section 8-2
7-10
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
7.7 Sampling Pump Replacement
The sampling pump is positive-displacement piston pump.
When the pump approaches the end of its specified lifetime, it
consumes higher amounts of energy and significantly reduces
its sample-draw capability. When this occurs, it is necessary to
replace the pump.
Figure 7-6 Sampling pump on gas plate
1. Turn off the AreaRAE Steel, and remove the battery pack.
2. Open the housing, and then carefully remove the gas
piping plate. The pump is attached to the gas plate.
3. Carefully loosen the connector.
Figure 7-7 Gas plate connector
7-11
MAINTENANCE FOR AREARAE STEEL
4. Disconnect the Tygon tubing that connects the pump to the
gas inlet port.
5. Unscrew the two screws that hold the pump assembly to
the gas plate.
Figure 7-8 Gas plate screw
6. Replace the old pump assembly with a new one. Connect
the Tygon tubing to the gas inlet port. Reattach the pump.
7. Replace the gas piping plate and tighten the three screws
to hold down the sensors.
8. Reattach the hex screws holding the instrument housing
together, and reinstall the battery pack.
Internal External Filter
The internal External Filter’s function is to reduce the level of
dust and moisture entering the sensors and the pump. By
replacing the internal External Filter routinely, it can reduce
cost of maintenance on the pump or replacement of the
sensors.
The internal External Filter should be changed when build-up of
water droplets or dust is observed. To change the internal
External Filter, pull apart the lock connections and replace the
filter.
7-12
TROUBLESHOOTING
8. Troubleshooting
To aid diagnosing problems in the AreaRAE and AreaRAE
Steel, this chapter summarizes possible problems and
suggested solutions.
8.1 Possible Problems & Solutions
Problem
Possible Reason
Possible
Solution
No power after
charging battery
Drained battery
Defective battery
Microprocessor hang-up
Charge battery
Replace battery
Disconnect and
then reconnect the
battery to reset
computer
No LED or LCD
backlight
Defective LED or LCD
backlight
Call authorized
service center
Lost password
Forgot password
Call authorized
service center
Buzzer
inoperative
Defective buzzer
Call authorized
service center
Reading
abnormally high
Wrong calibration data
Dirty sensor module
Dirty External Filter
Excessive moisture
and/or water
condensation
Wrong correction factor
Calibrate with gas
again
Clean sensor
module
Replace External
Filter
Blow dry sensor
module
Check correction
factor
(Continued)
8-1
TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting Continued
“Lamp” message
during operation
Wrong threshold
Dirty PID sensor
Weak or defective PID
lamp
Adjust lamp
threshold
Clean PID sensor
Replace PID lamp
Reading
abnormally low
Incorrect calibration
Low sensitivity to the
specific gas
Wrong correction factor
Calibrate monitor
Replace sensor
Check correction
factor
Read a small
background
value when there
is no detectable
gas
Sensor zero drifts
The unit is out of battery
power or disconnected,
or the sensor was just
plugged in
Do fresh air
calibration (see
section 4.4.1)
Wait for the reading
to stabilize
Reading jumps
around randomly
Incorrect gas calibration
Low sensitivity to
calibration gas
Calibrate the
sensor
Clean PID
Check Sensor
Cannot turn
monitor off
Corrupted
characters on
LCD
Microprocessor hang-up
Disconnect and
reconnect battery
to reset computer
Call authorized
service center
Calibration error
message
No standard gas input
Make sure
standard gas flows
into monitor
“Bat” message in
operation
Uncharged battery
Recharge battery
Full-scale
measurement in
humid
environment
Dirty or wet sensor
Clean and dry
sensor
Replace External
Filter
VOC
measurement
maxes out at
certain level
Dirty PID sensor
module
Weak PID lamp
Clean lamp/sensor
module
Release with a new
lamp
Replace filter
(Continued)
8-2
TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting Continued
Excessive pump
noise
No inlet air
vacuum
Leaky inlet path
Defective pump
Radio
Communication
See Section 6.3 or 7.3.
Reading jumps
around randomly
Incorrect gas calibration
Low sensitivity to calibration gas
Cannot turn
monitor off
Corrupted
characters on
LCD
Microprocessor hang-up
Calibration error
message
No standard gas input
“Bat” message in
operation
Uncharged battery
Full-scale
measurement in
humid
environment
Dirty or wet sensor
VOC
measurement
maxes out at
certain level
Dirty PID sensor module
Weak PID lamp
Excessive pump
noise
No inlet air
vacuum
Leaky inlet path
Defective pump
Radio
Communication
See Section 6.3 or 7.3.
8-3
Check inlet
connection
Replace with a
new pump
TROUBLESHOOTING
8.2 Lamp Troubleshooting Details
Cold Lamp Startup
The UV (ultraviolet) lamp is made of a glass envelope and a
UV window on one end of the envelope. The lamp is filled with
low-pressure gases. To turn on the lamp, a high-voltage
electric field is applied from the outside of the glass envelope.
The molecules inside the lamp are ionized and produce a glow
discharge effect to generate the UV light. Because this UV
lamp does not have an electrode inside the glass envelope, it
requires a small amount of ions inside the lamp to initiate the
glow discharge process.
If the UV lamp has not been used for a long period of time
(longer than one month), the ion count inside the lamp
becomes low. It may be slightly harder to turn on the UV lamp
for the first time. If such a condition occurs, an error message
“Lamp” appears in the monitor display during the power-on
sequence. This phenomenon is more significant in 0.25" UV
lamps used in the AreaRAE Steel, because of the relatively
small lamp size.
To solve this problem, turn the monitor on and off a few times,
and the lamp should turn on. Gently shaking the monitor also
helps to initiate the glow discharge process. After the UV lamp
is turned on for the first time, it should be easier to turn on the
UV lamp the next time.
AreaRAEs feature a built-in sensing mechanism to monitor the
status of the UV lamp. If the UV lamp is not on, the error
message “Lamp” is displayed. It is possible that the UV lamp is
actually on when the lamp error message appears. When the
UV lamp becomes old, is changed, or the configuration file
inside the AreaRAE monitor has been totally overwritten, the
threshold level to determine lamp failure may be wrong and
cause a false alarm. To eliminate this possibility, apply some
VOC sense by putting a permanent marker (such as a Magic
Marker) close to the inlet of the AreaRAE and see if the VOC
raw count goes up.
8-4
TROUBLESHOOTING
8.3 Radio Communication Guide
This technical note provides procedures for identifying the
cause of communication failure when using the ProRAE
Remote Host Controller with the RAELink Communication Kit.
For complete setup and configuration, refer to RAE Systems
Technical Note TN-170 and the quick reference guide provided
with the ProRAE Remote Host Controller. Before verifying
communication, refer to the spec sheet for the ProRAE Remote
to ensure that the software is being used for the appropriate
application.
Troubleshooting Steps
1. COMPATIBILITY: Refer to the compatibility chart to verify
that the firmware on the monitor and the version of the
ProRAE Remote are compatible (Table 1).
Figure 1. Advanced Tools>>Test RF Link. Select the Advanced
Tools icon (A) and choose “Test RF Link.” Choose the number
of retires (B) and proceed to hit ‘Begin’ (C).
2. POWER SUPPLY: Make sure that the AreaRAE Steel and
modem are both turned on. If the AreaRAE Steel is in “Low
Bat” alarm, then communication will fail. The battery pack
must have at least 6.6V available for proper
communication. If the RAE Link battery fails, then the
communication fails. RAE Systems strongly discourages
the use of alkaline batteries if attempting communication
8-5
TROUBLESHOOTING
with the host. For optimal performance, use the
rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries (part # 029-3053-000).
Table 1. Compatibility chart of ProRAE Remote and the
AreaRAE Steel Firmware
Firmware Versions
Software Version
2.30
2.31
2.32
3.00
1.0
OK
OK
NO
NO
1.20
OK
OK
NO
NO
1.30
OK
OK
OK
OK
1.40
OK
OK
OK
OK
ProRAE Remote Version 1.41 can support all firmware
versions; howeve, some newer firmware versions are
not compatible with ProRAE Remote Version 1.0 or
1.20.
3. MODE OF OPERATION: The AreaRAE must be in regular
operation mode. An antenna symbol should appear on the
AreaRAE LCD, indicating the host is attempting to pull
information from the unit. If any of the programming submenus have been entered, such as “Calibrate Monitor”
then communication will fail.
4. RADIO: The “Radio” button on all sensing units must be
activated. If pushing the “Radio” button does not make the
red LED appear, then contact RAE Systems Service at
[email protected] or 888-723-4800.
5. COM PORT: The same communication port that the
RS232 cable is plugged into must be selected in the
software. Within the ProRAE Remote proceed to “Set Up”
(A)>> “Host” >>“RF Modem Port” (B) (Figure 2). Refer to
Technical Note TN-170 for more detailed setup instructions
including using USB ports. The chosen communication
port must be functioning properly and cannot be occupied
by another program. To verify the functionality of the
communication port, RAE Systems Com Port Checker Kit
(part number 029-0005-000) can be used. Simply follow
the instructions provided with the Checker Program.
8-6
TROUBLESHOOTING
6. NETWORK ID: In order for the sensing units to be able to
communicate with the host controller, all components must
be set up with the same Network ID. Refer to RAE
Systems Technical Note TN-164 for more information on
the Network ID. If there are any doubts about the Network
ID or the need to change the Network ID arises, then
contact RAE Systems Service. By providing the serial
number of the RAELink2 series modem or the AreaRAE
units, the Network ID can be verified.
Figure 2. Set Up>>RF Modem Port. Press F2 (A) to
activate “Set Up” dialog box, and proceed to select
communication port that the RAELink2 series modem is
plugged into (B).
7. UNIT ID: If multiple sensing units are attempting to
communicate with the same Host, then the units must all
have a different Unit ID.
8. MAX UNITS: The unit ID for he AreaRAE can be 1 to 32.
By default the number of units the software attempts to
communicate with is 8. If any of the sensing units have a
higher unit ID than 8, then the “Define Max Units” function
must be initiated and the number of units increased. See
Figure 3.
8-7
TROUBLESHOOTING
Figure 3. Advanced Tools >> Define Max Unit. Select the
“Define Max Unit” from the “Advanced Tools” bar (A), and
proceed to select the number of units the controller will
attempt to communicate with (B).
If communication problems persist after going through steps 1
through 8, then contact RAE Systems Service at
[email protected] or 888-723-4800.
Updates: Watch for updates of this and other technical and
application notes on the Internet at www.raesystems.com.
Disclaimer: Actual setup and configuration may vary with
computer manufacturers, models, operating systems, system
hardware configurations, system software configurations, and
application software. Refer to your computer hardware and
software manuals for details.
8-8
CONTACT INFORMATION
9.0 RAE Systems Contact Information
RAE Systems by Honeywell (Main Office)
3775 N. First St. • San Jose, CA 95134-1708 • USA
Tel: 408.952.8200 • Fax: 408.952.8480
Email: [email protected]
Sales: 877.723.2878 • Web: www.raesystems.com
Technical Service: 888.723.4800 • [email protected]
RAE Systems Europe ApS
Ørestads Boulevards 69
2300 Copenhagen S
Denmark
Tel: +45 86525155 • Fax: +45 86525177
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Web: www.raesystems.dk
RAE Systems UK Ltd
D5 Culham Innovation Centre
Culham Science Centre
Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1865408368 • Fax: +44 1235531119
Mobile: +44 7841362693
Email: [email protected]
RAE Systems France
336, rue de la fée des eaux
69390 Vernaison
France
Tel: +33 4 78 46 16 65 • Fax: +33 4 78 46 25 98
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.raesystems.fr
9-1
CONTACT INFORMATION
RAE BeNeLux BV
Rijndal 20
2904 DC Capelle a/d IJssel
Tel: +31 10 4426149 • Fax: +31 10 4426148
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.rae.nll
The Netherlands
Mr. Ing. P.M.J.B. Sieben, Mr. W.T. Terlouw
Mobile: +31 646087592
Belgium and Luxembourg
Mr. F. de Meyer
Mobile: +32 497907394
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.rae.be
RAE Systems Spain, s.l.
Av. Remolar, 31
08820 El Prat de Llobregat
Spain
Tel: +34 933 788 352 • Fax: +34 933 788 353
Mobile: +34 687 491 106
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.raespain.com
RAE Systems Middle East
M: +45 2674 9791 or +97 50 429 1385
[email protected]
RAE Systems (Hong Kong) Ltd.
Room 8, 6/F, Hong Leong Plaza • 33 Lok Yip Road
Fanling, N.T, Hong Kong
Tel: +852.2669.0828 • Fax: +852.2669.0803
9-2
CONTACT INFORMATION
SPECIAL NOTE: If the monitor needs to be serviced, contact either:
•
the RAE Systems distributor where the monitor was purchased;
they will return the monitor on your behalf, or
•
the RAE Systems Technical Service department. Before
returning the monitor for service or repair, obtain a Returned
Material Authorization (RMA) number for proper tracking of your
equipment. This number needs to be on all documentation and
posted on the outside of the box in which the monitor is returned
for service or upgrade. Packages without RMA Numbers will
be refused at the factory.
9-3
RAE Systems by Honeywell
World Headquarters
3775 N. First St.
San Jose, CA 95134-1708 USA
Phone: 408-952-8200
Fax: 408-952-8480
www.raesystems.com