Elpro Technologies 915U-2 User manual

915U-2 Wireless I/O
User Manual
ELPRO Technologies, 9/12 Billabong Street, Stafford Qld, 4053 Australia.
Tel: +61 7 33528600 Fax: +61 7 33528677
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.elprotech.com
ELPRO Support Help-line
America (866) 7134409 Rest of the world +617 3352 8624
V1.1.5
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Page 1
Thank you for your selection of the 915U-2 I/O Module. We trust it will give you many years
of valuable service.
ATTENTION!
Incorrect termination of supply wires may cause internal damage and will void warranty. To
ensure your 915U-2 module enjoys a long life, double check ALL your connections with the
user manual before turning the power on.
CAUTION:
To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1.1310 of the FCC Rules,
antennas used with this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at
least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy RF exposure compliance.
Avoid:

Operating the transmitter when someone is within 20 cm of the antenna

Operating the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any open
connectors are properly terminated

Operating the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere
All equipment must be properly grounded for safe operations.
All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician
SAFETY Notice:
Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has adopted a
safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by
FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in Docket 93-62 and OET Bulletin 65
Edition 97-01.
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GNU Free Documentation Licence:
Copyright (C) 2009 ELPRO Technologies.
ELPRO Technologies is using a part of Free Software code under the GNU General Public
License in operating the “915U-2” product. This General Public License applies to most of
the Free Software Foundation‟s code and to any other program whose authors commit by
using it. The Free Software is copyrighted by Free Software Foundation, Inc. and the
program is licensed “As is” without warranty of any kind. Users are free to contact ELPRO
Technologies at the following Email Address:[email protected] for instructions on how
to obtain the source code used for the 915U-2.
A copy of the license is included in “GNU Free Document Licence” at the end of the
manual.
Industry Canada:
This Class [A] digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s).
Operation is Subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause interference,
(2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause
undesired operation of the device.
This radio transmitter “915U-2” has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the
antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna
impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having
a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use
with this device.
Manufacturer
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
Page 2
Model Number
SG-900-6
SG-900-6
SG-900EL
SG-900EL
YU6/900
CFD890EL
DG900-1
DG900-5
Coax Kit
CC10/900
CC20/900
CC10/900
CC20/900
CC20/900
Includes 5m Cellfoil
Includes 1m Cellfoil
Includes 5m Cellfoil
Net
5dBi Gain
2dBi Gain
2dBi Gain
-1dBi Loss
4dBi Gain
Unity Gain
-2dBi Loss
-3dBi Loss
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
Page 3
FCC Notice:
This 915U-2 module uses the “E2_900M Wireless Data Modem” radio and complies with
Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:


This device may not cause harmful interference
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
915U-2 Radio Telemetry Unit must be installed in a suitable enclosure that provides
mechanical, shock and fire hazard protection.
This device must be operated as supplied by ELPRO. Any changes or modifications made
to the device without the written consent of ELPRO may void the user‟s authority to operate
the device.
This device must be installed by professional installers in compliance with 47 CFR Part 15
Subpart C Section 15.204 and 15.205, who will be responsible for maintaining EIRP no
greater than 36 dBm in accordance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15.247 (b)(2)(4).
In accordance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15.204 only the following
antenna/coax cable kits combinations can be used.
Manufacturer
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
ELPRO
Model Number
SG-900-6
SG-900-6
SG-900EL
SG-900EL
YU6/900
CFD890EL
DG900-1
DG900-5
Coax Kit
CC10/900
CC20/900
CC10/900
CC20/900
CC20/900
Includes 5m Cellfoil
Includes 1m Cellfoil
Includes 5m Cellfoil
Net
5dBi Gain
2dBi Gain
2dBi Gain
-1dBi Loss
4dBi Gain
Unity Gain
-2dBi Loss
-3dBi Loss

Part 15 –This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class
B digital device, pursuant to Part15 of the FCC rules (Code of Federal Regulations
47CFR Part 15). Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause
harmful interference.

Notice – Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by ELPRO could void
the user‟s authority to operate this equipment.
This Device should only be connected to PCs that are covered by either FCC DoC or are
FCC certified.
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Hazardous Location Notices:
This device complies with
Ex nL IIC. T4A -40 C <= Ta <= +60 C
II 3G
WARNING: EXPLOSION HAZARD.
Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been switched off or the area
is known to be non-hazardous.
This equipment is suitable for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D;
Tamb -40˚C to +60˚C or non-hazardous locations only.
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IMPORTANT Notice:
ELPRO products are designed to be used in industrial environments, by experienced
industrial engineering personnel with adequate knowledge of safety design considerations.
ELPRO radio products are used on unprotected license-free radio bands with radio noise
and interference. The products are designed to operate in the presence of noise and
interference, however in an extreme case, radio noise and interference could cause product
operation delays or operation failure. Like all industrial electronic products, ELPRO products
can fail in a variety of modes due to misuse, age, or malfunction. We recommend that users
and designers design systems using design techniques intended to prevent personal injury
or damage during product operation, and provide failure tolerant systems to prevent
personal injury or damage in the event of product failure. Designers must warn users of the
equipment or systems if adequate protection against failure has not been included in the
system design. Designers must include this Important Notice in operating procedures and
system manuals.
These products should not be used in non-industrial applications, or life-support systems,
without consulting ELPRO first.

A radio license is not required in some countries, provided the module is installed
using the aerial and equipment configuration described in the 915U-2 Installation
Guide. Check with your local distributor for further information on regulations.

Operation is authorized by the radio frequency regulatory authority in your country on
a non-protection basis. Although all care is taken in the design of these units, there is
no responsibility taken for sources of external interference. Systems should be
designed to be tolerant of these operational delays.

To avoid the risk of electrocution, the aerial, aerial cable, serial cables and all
terminals of the 915U-2 module should be electrically protected. To provide maximum
surge and lightning protection, the module should be connected to a suitable earth
and the aerial, aerial cable, serial cables and the module should be installed as
recommended in the Installation Guide

To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled
equipment, all equipment should be first disconnected from the 915U-2 module
during these adjustments. Equipment should carry clear markings to indicate remote
or automatic operation. E.g. "This equipment is remotely controlled and may start
without warning. Isolate at the switchboard before attempting adjustments."

The 915U-2 module is not suitable for use in explosive environments without
additional protection.

The 915U-2 operates unlicensed Radio frequencies and proprietary protocols to
communicate over the radio. Nevertheless, if your system is not adequately secured,
third parties may be able to gain access to your data or gain control of your
equipment via the radio link. Before deploying a system make sure you have
considered the security aspects of your installation carefully.
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Limited Lifetime Warranty, Disclaimer, and Limitation of
Remedies
ELPRO products are warranted to be free from manufacturing defects for the “serviceable
lifetime” of the product. The “serviceable lifetime” is limited to the availability of electronic
components. If the serviceable life is reached in less than three years following the original
purchase from ELPRO, ELPRO will replace the product with an equivalent product if an
equivalent product is available.
This warranty does not extend to:

Failures caused by the operation of the equipment outside the particular product's
specification, or

Use of the module not in accordance with this User Manual, or

Abuse, misuse, neglect or damage by external causes, or

Repairs, alterations, or modifications undertaken other than by an authorized Service
Agent.
ELPRO liability under this warranty is limited to the replacement or repair of the product.
This warranty is in lieu of and exclusive of all other warranties. This warranty does not
indemnify the purchaser of products for any consequential claim for damages or loss of
operations or profits and ELPRO is not liable for any consequential damages or loss of
operations or profits resulting from the use of these products. ELPRO is not liable for
damages, losses, costs, injury or harm incurred as a consequence of any representations,
warranties or conditions made by ELPRO or its representatives or by any other party, except
as expressed solely in this document.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 12
1.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 Module Structure ......................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3 Getting Started ............................................................................................................................................ 15
CHAPTER 2 - INSTALLATION ........................................................................................... 16
2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2 Power/Supply............................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Requirements ......................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2 Expansion I/O Supply ............................................................................................................................ 18
2.2.3 Internal I/O ............................................................................................................................................. 18
2.2.4 Grounding .............................................................................................................................................. 19
2.3 Radio............................................................................................................................................................. 20
2.3.1 900 MHz Spread Spectrum radio .......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.2 Meshing capability ................................................................................................................................. 20
2.4 Antenna ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
Dipole and Collinear antennas. .................................................................................................................. 23
Yagi antennas. ............................................................................................................................................ 24
2.5 Connections ................................................................................................................................................. 25
2.5.1 Bottom panel connections...................................................................................................................... 25
Ethernet port ............................................................................................................................................... 25
USB Device Port for configuration .............................................................................................................. 25
RS-232 port ................................................................................................................................................ 25
RS-485 port with Modbus Support. ............................................................................................................ 25
2.5.2 Side Access Configuration Panel .......................................................................................................... 26
“Factory Boot” switch .................................................................................................................................. 26
USB Host port ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Dipswitches................................................................................................................................................. 27
Front panel connections ............................................................................................................................. 28
2.5.3 Digital Inputs .......................................................................................................................................... 29
2.5.4 Pulsed Inputs ......................................................................................................................................... 30
2.5.5 Digital Outputs (Pulsed Outputs) ........................................................................................................... 31
Digital Output Fail Safe Status ................................................................................................................... 31
2.5.6 Analog Inputs ......................................................................................................................................... 33
Differential Current Inputs (AIN 1 & 2 only) ................................................................................................ 33
Single Ended Current Inputs (AIN 3 & 4 only) ............................................................................................ 34
Single Ended Voltage Inputs ...................................................................................................................... 35
2.5.7 Analog Outputs ...................................................................................................................................... 36
CHAPTER 3 - OPERATION ................................................................................................ 37
3.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................................... 37
3.2 Indications ................................................................................................................................................... 37
3.2.1 Front Panel Indications .......................................................................................................................... 37
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3.2.2 Boot Sequence “PWR” LED Indications ................................................................................................ 37
3.2.3 Input / Output Indications ....................................................................................................................... 38
Digital Inputs ............................................................................................................................................... 38
Digital Outputs ............................................................................................................................................ 38
Analog Inputs .............................................................................................................................................. 38
Analog Outputs ........................................................................................................................................... 38
3.2.4 Ethernet Indications ............................................................................................................................... 39
3.3 System Design............................................................................................................................................. 40
3.3.1 Radio Channel Capacity ........................................................................................................................ 40
3.3.2 Dual Band Operation ............................................................................................................................. 40
3.3.3 Radio Path Reliability ............................................................................................................................. 40
3.3.4 Design for Failures ................................................................................................................................. 41
3.3.5 Indicating a Communications Problem .................................................................................................. 42
Fail-to-transmit alarm .................................................................................................................................. 42
Fail-to-receive alarm ................................................................................................................................... 42
3.3.6 WIBNet – Communication Registers. .................................................................................................... 42
3.3.7 Testing and Commissioning .................................................................................................................. 43
3.4 WIBMesh ...................................................................................................................................................... 43
CHAPTER 4 - CONFIGURATION ....................................................................................... 44
4.1 First time Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 44
4.1.1 Default IP Address ................................................................................................................................. 44
4.1.2 Changing PC Network Settings ............................................................................................................. 44
4.1.3 Over the Air Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 47
4.2 Module Configuration ................................................................................................................................. 48
4.2.1 Software & Connections ........................................................................................................................ 48
4.2.2 Mappings ............................................................................................................................................... 49
Write Mapping............................................................................................................................................. 49
Gather Scatter Mapping ............................................................................................................................. 49
Read Mappings........................................................................................................................................... 49
4.2.3 Address Map .......................................................................................................................................... 50
4.2.4 Standard 915U-2 I/O (Basic I/O) ............................................................................................................ 51
4.2.5 I/O Configuration .................................................................................................................................... 51
Digital Inputs ............................................................................................................................................... 51
Digital Outputs ............................................................................................................................................ 52
Pulsed Outputs ........................................................................................................................................... 52
Analog Inputs .............................................................................................................................................. 52
Analog Outputs ........................................................................................................................................... 53
4.2.6 Serial Expansion I/O .............................................................................................................................. 53
Adding modules .......................................................................................................................................... 53
115S Expansion I/O Memory Map.............................................................................................................. 54
Adding Expansion I/O to Configuration Software ....................................................................................... 54
4.2.7 Failsafe Blocks ....................................................................................................................................... 55
“Invalid” register state ................................................................................................................................. 56
4.2.8 Sensitivity Blocks ................................................................................................................................... 56
4.2.9 Serial Configuration ............................................................................................................................... 58
Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway ................................................................................................................... 58
Expansion I/O ............................................................................................................................................. 58
4.2.10 Modbus Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 59
4.3 Web based Configuration ........................................................................................................................... 62
4.3.1 Mesh ...................................................................................................................................................... 62
4.3.2 IP Routing .............................................................................................................................................. 64
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4.3.3 Radio Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 65
4.3.4 Mesh Fixed Routes ................................................................................................................................ 66
Example #1 ................................................................................................................................................. 66
Example #2 ................................................................................................................................................. 67
4.3.5 Module Information Web Page .............................................................................................................. 69
4.3.6 System Tools Web page ........................................................................................................................ 70
System Log File .......................................................................................................................................... 70
Reading Configuration File ......................................................................................................................... 70
Writing Configuration File ........................................................................................................................... 70
Firmware Upgrade – Web Page ................................................................................................................. 70
Firmware Upgrade – USB .......................................................................................................................... 70
Product Reconfiguration ............................................................................................................................. 72
4.3.7 Feature Licence Keys Web Page .......................................................................................................... 73
CHAPTER 5 - DIAGNOSTICS ............................................................................................ 74
5.1 IO Diagnostics ............................................................................................................................................. 74
Modbus Error Registers .................................................................................................................................. 75
5.2 Connectivity (WibMesh).............................................................................................................................. 75
LQI (Link Quality Indication) ....................................................................................................................... 76
5.3 Neighbour List (WibMesh) .......................................................................................................................... 77
5.4 Neighbour RSSI (WibMesh) ........................................................................................................................ 77
5.5 Network Diagnostics (WibMesh) ............................................................................................................... 79
Ping ............................................................................................................................................................. 79
Trace Route ................................................................................................................................................ 80
5.6 Network Statistics (WibMesh) .................................................................................................................... 81
5.7 Monitor Comms ........................................................................................................................................... 83
5.7.1 WibMesh – Monitor Radio Comms ........................................................................................................ 83
5.7.2 WibMesh - Monitor IP Comms ............................................................................................................... 84
5.7.3 WibNet – Monitor Comms ...................................................................................................................... 85
5.8 Statistics (WibMesh & WibNet) .................................................................................................................. 87
CHAPTER 6 - SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 88
6.1 Specifications .............................................................................................................................................. 88
APPENDIX A: DBM TO MW CONVERSION TABLE ....................................................... 90
APPENDIX B: I/O STORE REGISTERS ........................................................................... 91
6.1.1 “Output Coils” ......................................................................................................................................... 91
6.1.2 “Input Bits” .............................................................................................................................................. 91
6.1.3 “Input Registers” .................................................................................................................................... 92
6.1.4 “Holding Registers” ................................................................................................................................ 93
APPENDIX C: EXPANSION I/O STORE REGISTERS ..................................................... 95
6.1.5 I/O store for a 115S-11 Expansion I/O module ...................................................................................... 95
6.1.6 I/O store for a 115S-12 Expansion I/O module ...................................................................................... 96
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6.1.7 I/O store for a 115S-13 Expansion I/O module ...................................................................................... 96
APPENDIX D: MODBUS ERROR CODES ....................................................................... 97
APPENDIX E: MODULE I/O REGISTERS ........................................................................ 98
6.1.8 115S Serial Expansion Modules I/O Registers .................................................................................... 100
6.2 GNU Free Document Licence ................................................................................................................... 102
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TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 – Module Structure................................... 14
Figure 33- Invalid Register State ............................56
Figure 2 – Power Connectors ................................ 16
Figure 34 - Modbus TCP/RTU ................................58
Figure 3 – Supply Connections .............................. 16
Figure 35 - Expansion I/O .......................................59
Figure 4 – Expansion I/O power & RS485 ............. 18
Figure 36 - Modbus Master .....................................60
Figure 5 - Earthing ................................................. 19
Figure 37 - Mesh Configuration ..............................62
Figure 6 -Wrapping Coax Connections .................. 22
Figure 38 - IP Routing .............................................64
Figure 7 – Collinear Antenna mounting ................. 23
Figure 39 – Radio Configuration Screen ................65
Figure 8 - Yagi Antenna Mounting ......................... 24
Figure 40 - Mesh Fixed Route #1 ...........................67
Figure 9 – Bottom Panel Connections ................... 25
Figure 41 - Mesh Fixed Route#2 Routing Rules ....67
Figure 10 – RS485 Connections ............................ 26
Figure 42 - Mesh Fixed Route #2 ...........................67
Figure 11 – Side Access Panel .............................. 26
Figure 43 – Mesh Fixed Route #2 Routing Rules ...68
Figure 12 – Front Panel Connections .................... 28
Figure 44 – Module Information ..............................69
Figure 13 – Digital Input Wiring .............................. 29
Figure 45 – System Tools .......................................70
Figure 14 – Pulsed Input Wiring ............................. 30
Figure 46 - Firmware Upgrade LED Indications .....71
Figure 15 – Digital Output Wiring ........................... 31
Figure 47 - Product Reconfiguration .......................72
Figure 16 – Digital Output Failsafe Times.............. 32
Figure 48 - Feature License Keys ...........................73
Figure 17 - Fail-Safe State ..................................... 32
Figure 49- I/O Diagnostics ......................................74
Figure 18 – Differential Current Inputs ................... 33
Figure 50 - Connectivity ..........................................75
Figure 19– Single Ended Current Inputs................ 34
Figure 51 – Neighbour List......................................77
Figure 20 – Voltage Inputs ..................................... 35
Figure 52 - Neighbour RSSI....................................77
Figure 21 – Analog Outputs ................................... 36
Figure 53 - Multipath Fading ...................................78
Figure 22 - Boot Sequence .................................... 37
Figure 54 – Network Diagnostics ............................79
Figure 23 – Network Settings ................................. 45
Figure 55 – Trace Route .........................................80
Figure 24 - Ping ...................................................... 45
Figure 56 – Network Statistics Period.....................81
Figure 25 – Main Welcome Screen ........................ 46
Figure 57 – Network Statistics ................................81
Figure 26 -Over the air Configuration .................... 47
Figure 58 – Hourly Statistics ...................................82
Figure 27 - Installation............................................ 48
Figure 59 –Daily/Weekly Statistics .........................82
Figure 28 – Configuration Software ....................... 48
Figure 60 - Monitor Comms ....................................83
Figure 29 - Mappings ............................................. 49
Figure 61 - IP Communication monitoring ..............84
Figure 30 - Gather/Scatter Mapping ...................... 50
Figure 62 - WibNet Monitor Comms .......................85
Figure 31 - Expansion I/O ...................................... 55
Figure 63 – Module Statistics .................................87
Figure 32 - Failsafe Block ...................................... 55
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
Chapter 1 - Introduction
1.1 Overview
The 915U-2 range of I/O modules has been designed to provide standard “off-the-shelf”
telemetry functions, for an economic price. Telemetry is the transmission of data or
signals over a long distance via radio or twisted-pair wire cable.
Although the 915U-2 Series is intended to be simple in its application, it provides many
sophisticated features, which will be explained in the following chapters.
This manual should be read carefully to ensure that the modules are configured and
installed to give reliable performance.
The 915U-2 telemetry module extends the functionality provided by the earlier 105U
and 905U E-series modules. It provides on-board I/O via a front mounting 20-way
connector and has provision for extra expansion modules (ELPRO 115S or MODBUS
devices) to be connected using a standard RS485 serial connection.
The module can monitor the following types of signals

Digital (on/off) signals - Contact Closure or Switch

Analog (continuously variable) signals – Tank level, Motor speed, temperature,
etc

Pulsed signal - Frequency signal – Metering, accumulated total, rainfall, etc

Internal Signals – Supply voltage, Supply failure, battery status, etc.
The modules monitor the input signals and transmit the values by radio or Ethernet
cabling to another module or modules that have been configured to receive this
information.
The 915U-2 radio has been designed to meet the requirements of unlicensed operation
for remote monitoring and control of equipment. A radio licence is not required for the
915U-2 in many countries.
Input signals that are connected to the module are transmitted and appear as output
signals on other modules. A transmission occurs whenever a "Change-of-State”, “COS”
occurs on an input signal. A "Change-of-State" of a digital or an internal digital input is a
change from "off" to "on" or vice-versa.
For an analog input, internal analog input or pulse input rate a "Change-of-State" is a
configurable value called “Sensitivity”. The default Sensitivity is 1000 counts (3%) but
can be changed in the Sensitivity Block page.
In addition to change-of-state messages, update messages are automatically
transmitted on a configurable time basis. This update ensures the integrity of the
system.
Pulse inputs counts are accumulated and the total count is transmitted regularly
according to the configured update time.
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The 915U-2 modules transmit the input/output data using radio or Ethernet. The data
frame includes the "address" of the transmitting module and the receiving module, so
that each transmitted message is acted on only by the correct receiving unit. Each
message includes error checking to ensure that no corruption of the data frame has
occurred due to noise or interference. The module with the correct receiving "address"
will acknowledge the message with a return transmission (acknowledgement). If the
original module does not receive a correct acknowledgement, it will retry 1 to 5 times
(default is 3) before setting the communications fail status of that message. For critical
messages, this status can be reflected on an output on the module for alert purposes.
The module will continue to try to establish communications and retry, each time an
update or change-of-state occurs.
A system can be a complex network or a simple pair of modules. An easy-to-use
configuration procedure allows the user to specify any output destination for each input.
The 915U-2 comes from the factory with ELPRO WibMesh protocol as standard, this
protocol provides enhanced features, including IP addressing, allowing thousands of
modules to exist in a system, and allowing automatic routing of messages through
repeater stations.
The module can also be configured with the Legacy WibNet protocol which provides
operation with existing ELPRO wireless I/O devices (905 series and 105 series
modules). Please see separate WibNet configuration Supplement for details.
The module can easily be switched between the two versions by selecting the
appropriate protocol from an inbuilt web page.
Each 915U-2 radio can have up to 24 expansion I/O modules (ELPRO 115S) connected
by RS485 twisted pair provided there is sufficient power to power all modules with I/O.
Any input signal at any module may be configured to appear at any output on any
module in the entire system.
Modules can be used as repeaters to re-transmit messages on to the destination
module. Repeaters can repeat messages on the radio channel or from the radio
channel to the serial channel (and serial to radio). The meshing protocol will
automatically select other stations to act as repeaters if required (up to ten hops). Using
Legacy protocol, up to five repeater addresses may be configured for each input-tooutput link.
The units may be configured via Ethernet using a web browser or via USB port and
system configuration software. The software configuration is defined in Chapter 4 Configuration.
For web based configuration consult separate Web Page configuration Supplement.
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
1.2 Module Structure
915U-2
On Board I/O
IO STORE
8 x DIO
Discrete Outputs (00001)
2 x DIFF AIN
Discrete Inputs (10001)
2 x Single Ended AIN
Word Inputs (30001)
Word Outputs (40001)
2 X AOT
Various Internal I/O
RADIO INTERFACE
Long Inputs (36001)
Float Inputs (38001)
I/O Expansion Port
Long Outputs (46001)
Ethernet Port
Float Outputs (48001)
Figure 1 – Module Structure
The 915U-2 is made up of a number of basic sections, which all interface with a central
Input and output storage area (I/O Store).
The I/O Data Store provides storage for I/O data as well as providing services to other
processes in the system. The I/O Store provides eight different blocks of data - two
containing input and output bit data, two containing input and output word data, two
containing long-word type data and two containing floating-point data. The two files of
each type in turn support inputs and outputs on the local machine, and data storage for
the gateway function of the machine. These files are mapped into the address map as
described below. There are other registers values within the database that can be used
for system management - these will be discussed later in this manual.
The Radio Interface allows the 915U-2 to communicate with other modules within the
system using a proprietary radio protocol called “WIBMesh”. Messages from other
915U-2 modules are received by the radio port and used to update the input values in
the I/O Data Store. The WIBMesh protocol is an extremely efficient protocol for radio
communications. Radio messages can be sent using exception reporting - that is, when
there is a change of an input signal - or by read/write messages. Each message will be
comprised of multiple I/O values termed as a “block” of I/O). There are also update
messages, which are sent for integrity purposes.
Messages allow error checking, with the destination address sending a return
acknowledgment. Up to four attempts are made to transmit the message over each hop
of the radio path, if no acknowledgement is received. The WIBMesh protocol is
designed to provide reliable radio communications on an open license-free radio
channel.
The On-Board I/O in the form of - 8 discrete I/O, 2 single ended analog inputs, 2
differential analog inputs, and 2 current sourcing analog outputs. Each discrete I/O can
function as either a discrete input (voltage free contact input) or discrete output
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(transistor output). Each I/O point is linked to separate I/O registers within the I/O Data
Store.
There are also a number of Internal I/O that can be accessed from the I/O Data Store.
These inputs can be used to interpret the status of a single module or an entire system

Battery voltage – The battery terminal voltage displayed as an Analog value.

Loop Supply – Monitors the +24V DC Analog Loop Supply (ALS), used to power
analog current loops and displays this as an Analog value.

Expansion Module Volts – Monitors the Supply voltage of the connected
expansion modules, displayed as an Analog value.

RSSI – Will indicate the radio signal level for the selectable address, displayed
as a dB level. Note: Only available in Legacy version. Otherwise, refer to
Communication diagnostics functions

Comms Fail – A selectable register can indicate a Communications fail for a
particular message transmission.
The Expansion port, allows 115S expansion I/O modules to be added to the module.
Expansion I/O is dynamically added to the internal I/O of the 915U-2 by adding an offset
to the address.
1.3 Getting Started
Most applications for the 915U-2 require little configuration. The 915U-2 has many
sophisticated features, however if you do not require these features, this section will
allow you to configure the units quickly.
First, read Chapter 2 - “Installation”, which will go through the power supply,
antenna/coax connections and any I/O connections.
Power the 915U-2 and make an Ethernet connection to your PC (refer to Section 4.1
“First time Configuration”)
Configure the Ethernet Interface with an IP address that is compatible with your network
or computer via the Network Configuration webpage.
Save the configuration and the 915U-2 module is now ready to use. For an instruction
on configuration refer to Section 4.1 “Module Configuration”.
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Chapter 2 - Installation
2.1 General
All 915U-2 Series modules are housed in a plastic enclosure with DIN rail mounting,
providing options for up to 14 I/O points, and separate power & communications
connectors. The enclosure measures 170 x 150 x 33 mm including connectors. The
antenna protrudes from the top
2.2 Power/Supply
B
A
-
+
EXPANSION
100M
BAT SUP SUP
+
+
GND
LINK
ETHERNET
USB
RS232
SUPPLY
Figure 2 – Power Connectors
External “Sealed Lead
Acid” battery if required
_
POWER SUPPLY
GND
+
BAT +
SUP SUP +
15-30V DC Supply
Figure 3 – Supply Connections
2.2.1 Requirements
The recommended power options available for the 915U-2 module are as follows.
1. 15 - 30 volt DC power source rated at 37Watts, connected to the “SUP+” &
“SUP-” terminals.
2. 12-15 volt DC power source rated at 37Watts, connected to the “BAT+” & “GND”
terminals
A primary power supply connected to the “SUP+” & “SUP-” terminals will automatically
charge a 13.8V Sealed Lead-Acid battery, if connected to the “BAT+” and “GND”
terminals at up to 1Amp at ambient room temperature (25°C). Battery charge current is
reduced to 0.5A at 60°C.
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If utilising option 1 above and the Primary Supply fails the Battery Supply will continue
to power the module without interruption to the operation.
The Supply and Battery charging terminals are hosted on the 4-way connector on the
bottom edge of the module labelled “Supply”
Both Supply and Battery connections have reverse polarity and over voltage protection.
The power supply should be CSA Certified Class 2 approved for normal operation.
If the device is being used in a Class I Div 2 explosive area, the supply must have Class
I Div 2 approval.
When powering the module the power source must be able to provide enough current to
power all module operations, i.e. Quiescent current, Peak Transmit current, Digital and
Analog I/O including loop supply and Battery charging (if applicable).
To calculate the Power Supply current limit, use the following criteria.
Current
@ 13.8V
@ 24V
Quiescent Current of the module
200mA
115mA
Module Maximum I/O (4xAI, 2xAO, 8xDO)
500mA
290mA
Peak Transmit current
500mA
290mA
External Expansion I/O
1000mA
575mA
Battery charging
1000mA
575mA
The following table shows typical +24V Supply current limits with all module options.
Expansion I/O
No Expansion I/O
No Battery fitted
1270mA
695 mA
Battery fitted
1555mA
980 mA
The following table shows typical +13.8V Supply current limits with all module options.
Expansion I/O
No Expansion I/O
No Battery fitted
2200mA
1200 mA
Battery fitted
2700 mA
1700 mA
E.g. If a module is powered by a 24V DC supply and there is no backup battery
connected and it has expansion I/O fitted the minimum current needed is 1.3 Amps
@24V (32Watts).
This is allowing for 500mA Peak Transmit current and up to 1 Amp for expansion I/O
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2.2.2 Expansion I/O Supply
To allow increased I/O Capacity, a second 4-way terminal labelled “Expansion I/O”
provides a +12 Volt supply (up to 1A) and RS485 communications for any 115S serial
expansion I/O modules.
915U-2
B
A
-
115S- XX
+
B
A
-
115S- XX
+
B
A
-
+
Figure 4 – Expansion I/O power & RS485
As a guide when using the I/O power connection from the 915U-2, the number of I/O
modules is limited to three x 115S-11(using inputs), one x 115S-12, or one x 115S-13.
If more I/O Modules are required, you will need to calculate the overall current
consumption using the following criteria and power the modules from an external
supply.
115S Module Static Current drain = 120mA
115S Digital Inputs require 13mA per active input
115S Digital Outputs require 25mA per active output
115S Analog Inputs and Outputs require 50mA per I/O when operating at 20mA
E.g. a single 115S-11 using inputs only has a current consumption of approximately
320mA so you could connect up to three 115S-11 modules to the Expansion port
without overloading the on board I/O power supply.
A single 115S-12 using all analog inputs and digital outputs has a current consumption
of approximately 720mA so you could only connect one.
Keep in mind that when calculating the current consumption for the expansion I/O, the
maximum available current from the onboard power supply is 1 Amp. If the overall
Expansion I/O current consumption is over the 1 Amp maximum an external power
source will be required.
2.2.3 Internal I/O
The internal supply voltages can be monitored by reading the register locations below.
See Section 5.1 “IO Diagnostics” for details on how this can be done.
The values can also be mapped to a register or an analog output on another module
within the radio network.
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30005
Local Supply voltage (8-40V scaling)
30006
Local Battery voltage (8-40V scaling)
30007
Local 24V loop voltage (8-40V scaling) – Internally generated +24V
supply used for analog loop supply. Maximum Current limit is 100mA
30008
115S Supply Voltage (8-40V scaling)
38005 – 38008
Floating Point Registers, also indicate the Supply voltage, Battery
Voltage, +24V Supply and 115S Supply voltages but in a voltage
scale.
There are no dedicated discrete low voltage alarm indicators however each supply
voltage does have a High and a low Set point Status which can be used for this type of
alarm.
See section 0 “Analog Inputs” for details on how to configure these alarms.
2.2.4 Grounding
To provide maximum surge and lightning protection each module should be effectively
earthed / grounded via a "GND" terminal on the module – this is to ensure that the
surge protection circuits inside the module are effective. The module should be
connected to the same common ground or earth point as the enclosure “earth” and the
antenna mast “earth”.
The 915U-2 has a dedicated Earth connection screw on the bottom end plate next to
the Supply terminals. All EARTH wiring should be minimum 2mm² - 14 AWG
If using the 915U-2 with serial Expansion I/O modules then all expansion modules must
have a separate earth connection from the front terminal back to the common earth or
ground point. See Figure 5 - Earthing below
Figure 5 - Earthing
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2.3 Radio
The following radio variants are available in the 915U-2 dependent on the country of
operation.
2.3.1 900 MHz Spread Spectrum radio
The radio operates in the 902-928 MHz ISM band which is split into two sub-bands,
902-914 MHz (Low) and 915–928 MHz (High).
In America and Canada, the 915U-2 uses both high and low sub-bands - however in
other countries, i.e. Australia only the 915-928MHz band is available (Some countries
use fewer channels, e.g. New Zealand).
The radio uses frequency hopping spread spectrum modulation, which is a method of
transmitting radio signals by switching the carrier among many frequency channels,
using a pseudo random sequence called a hop set.
There are two hop sets and each one uses a different pseudo random sequence of
radio channels. Each hop set is made up of 50 channels, which cycle through to the
next channel after each transmission.
The receiver is continually scanning all channels in the hop-set and when a valid data
packet is heard, it locks on to the channel and receives the data.
A spread-spectrum transmission offers some advantages over a fixed-frequency
transmission. These are - Spread-spectrum signals are more resistant to narrowband
interference, they are difficult to intercept or eavesdrop because of the pseudorandom
transmission sequences and transmissions can share a frequency band with other
types of conventional transmissions with minimal interference.
2.3.2 Meshing capability
The ELPRO WIBMesh protocol is based on the “Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector”
(AODV) routing algorithm which is a routing protocol designed for ad hoc networks.
AODV is capable of unicast routing and is an on demand algorithm, meaning that it
builds and maintains these routes only as long as they are needed by the source
devices.
The Protocol creates a table, which shows the connection routes to other device in the
system. The Protocol uses sequence numbers to ensure the routes are kept as current
as possible. It is loop-free, self-starting, and can scale to a large numbers of nodes.
See section 3.4 “WIBMesh” for more details on configuration.
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2.4 Antenna
The 915U-2 module will operate reliably over large distances. The distance that can be
reliably achieved will vary with each application and depend on the type and location of
antennas, the degree of radio interference, and obstructions (such as hills or trees) to
the radio path.
Typical reliable distances are detailed below, however longer distances can be
achieved if antennas are mounted in elevated locations – such as on a hill or on a radio
mast.
Using the 900 MHz Spread Spectrum radio the distances achievable will be:

USA/Canada 15 miles - 6dB net gain antenna configuration permitted (4W EIRP)

Australia/NZ 12 km - Unity gain antenna configuration (1W EIRP)
To achieve the maximum transmission distance, the antennas should be raised above
intermediate obstructions so the radio path is true “line of sight”. Because of the
curvature of the earth, the antennas will need to be elevated at least 15 feet (5 metres)
above ground for paths greater than 3 miles (5 km). The modules will operate reliably
with some obstruction of the radio path, although the reliable distance will be reduced.
Obstructions that are close to either antenna will have more of a blocking effect than
obstructions in the middle of the radio path. For example, a group of trees around the
antenna is a larger obstruction than a group of trees further away from the antenna.
The 915U-2 module provides a range of test features, including displaying the radio
signal strength. Line-of-sight paths are only necessary to obtain the maximum range.
Obstructions will reduce the range however, but may not prevent a reliable path. A
larger amount of obstruction can be tolerated for shorter distances. For very short
distances, it is possible to mount the antennas inside buildings. All radio paths require
testing to determine if they are reliable - refer section 5.6 “Network Statistics” Where it
is not possible to achieve reliable communications between two modules, then a third
module may be used to receive the message and re-transmit it. This module is referred
to as a repeater. This module may also have input/output (I/O) signals connected to it
and form part of the I/O network - refer to Chapter 4 Configuration of this manual.
An antenna should be connected to the module via 50 ohm coaxial cable (e.g. RG58,
RG213, Cellfoil, etc) terminated with a male SMA coaxial connector. The higher the
antenna is mounted, the greater the transmission range will be, however as the length
of coaxial cable increases so do cable losses. For use on unlicensed frequency
channels, there are several types of antennas suitable for use. It is important antennas
are chosen carefully to avoid contravening the maximum power limit on the unlicensed
channel - if in doubt refer to your distributor.
The net gain of an antenna/cable configuration is the gain of the antenna (in dBi) less
the loss in the coaxial cable (in dB).
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The net gain of the antenna/cable configuration is determined by adding the antenna
gain and the cable loss. For example, a 6 element Yagi with 70 feet (20 metres) of
Cellfoil cable has a net gain of 4dB (10dB – 6dB).
Maximum Gain per region
Country
USA / Canada
Australia / New Zealand
Europe
Typical Antenna Gains
Part No
Antenna
DG900
Whip with 15‟ (5m) cable
CFD890EL
Dipole with 15‟ (5m) cable
SG900-EL
5dBi Collinear (3dBd)
SG900-6
8dBi Collinear (6dBd)
YU6-900
6 element Yagi
YU16-900
16 element Yagi
Typical Coax losses (900 MHz)
Part No
Cable Type
CC3-SMA
10‟ (3m) Cellfoil Coax
CC10-SMA
33‟ (10m) Cellfoil Coax
CC20-SMA
66‟ (20m) Cellfoil Coax
Max Gain (dB)
6
0
0
Gain (dBi)
-2
0
5
8
10
15
Loss (dB per 30ft / 10m)
-1dB
-3dB
-6dB
Connections between the antenna and coaxial cable should be carefully taped to
prevent ingress of moisture. Moisture ingress in the coaxial cable is a common cause
for problems with radio systems, as it greatly increases the radio losses.
Stretch to elongate sealant tape
while wrapping over the connection
For proper UV protection Electrical
Tape should then be wrapped over
the Vulcanising Tape
Figure 6 -Wrapping Coax Connections
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We recommend that the connection be taped, firstly with a layer of PVC Tape, then with
a vulcanising tape such as “3M 23 tape”, and finally with another layer of PVC UV
Stabilised insulating tape. The first layer of tape allows the joint to be easily inspected
when trouble shooting as the vulcanising seal can be easily removed.
Where antennas are mounted on elevated masts, the masts should be effectively
earthed to avoid lightning surges. For high lightning risk areas, surge suppression
devices between the module and the antenna are recommended. If the antenna is not
already shielded from lightning strike by an adjacent earthed structure, a lightning rod
may be installed above the antenna to provide shielding.
Dipole and Collinear antennas.
A collinear antenna transmits the same amount of radio power in all directions - and
they are easy to install and use because they do not need to be aligned to the
destination. The dipole antenna with integral 15 „cable does not require any additional
coaxial cable; however a cable must be used with the collinear antennas.
Collinear and dipole antennas should be mounted vertically, preferably 1 wavelength
away from a wall or mast to obtain maximum range.
Figure 7 – Collinear Antenna mounting
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Yagi antennas.
A Yagi antenna provides high gain in the forward direction, but lower gain in other
directions. This may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with
marginal radio path.
The Yagi gain also acts on the receiver, so adding Yagi antennas at both ends of a link
provides a double improvement.
Yagi antennas are directional. That is, they have positive gain to the front of the
antenna, but negative gain in other directions.
Hence, Yagi antennas should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be
pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the antenna.
The Yagi antennas may be installed with the elements in a vertical plane (vertically
polarised) or in a horizontal plane (horizontally polarised), however both antenna must
be in the same plane for maximum signal. If the antenna are mounted in different planes
the receive signal level will be reduced by around 30dB.
o
45
Directional
Antenna
OK
Radio
RS232
RS485
E2
Figure 8 - Yagi Antenna Mounting
For a two-station installation, with both modules using Yagi antennas, horizontal
polarisation is recommended. If there are more than two stations transmitting to a
common station, then the Yagi antennas should have vertical polarisation, and the
common (or “central” station should have a collinear (non-directional) antenna.
Note that Yagi antennas normally has a drain hole on the folded element the drain hole should be located on the bottom of the installed antenna.
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2.5 Connections
2.5.1 Bottom panel connections
B
A
-
+
EXPANSION
100M
GND
LINK
ETHERNET
USB
RS232
BAT SUP SUP
+
+
SUPPLY
Figure 9 – Bottom Panel Connections
Ethernet port
The 915U-2 modules provides a standard RJ-45 Ethernet port compliant to IEEE 802.3
10/100 BaseT. This port provides full access to the module, including configuration,
diagnostics, log file download and firmware upload, of both the local and remote units.
Additionally the Ethernet port can provide network connectivity for locally connected
third-party devices with Ethernet functionality.
USB Device Port for configuration
The 915U-2 module also provides a USB-device (USB-B) connector. This connector
provides configuration of the device and remote configuration access to other devices in
the radio network.
RS-232 port
The 915U-2 module provides an RS-232 serial port, which supports operation at data
rates up to 230,400 baud. This port supports MODBUS protocol.
The RS-232 port is provided by an RJ-45 connector wired as a DCE according to EIA562 Electrical Standard.
RJ-45
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Signal
RI
DCD
DTR
GND
RXD
TXD
CTS
RTS
Required
Y
Y
Y
Y
Signal name
Ring Indicator
Data Carrier Detect
Data Terminal Ready
Signal Common
Receive Data (from 915U-2)
Transmit Data (to 915U-2)
Clear to Send
Request to Send
Connector
RS-485 port with Modbus Support.
The 915U-2 module provides an RS-485 serial port, which supports operations at data
rates up to 230,400 baud. Default baud rate is 9600 baud, No Parity, 8 data bits and 1
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
stop bit which match the 115S serial expansion modules defaults. This port Supports
MODBUS protocol.
The RS-485 port terminal is hosted on the 4 way “Expansion” connector on the bottom
edge of the module. An on-board RS485 termination resistor provides line attenuation
for long runs. As a general rule moreover, a termination resistors should be placed at
each end of the RS485 cable. When using Expansion I/O module remember to switch in
the termination resistor on the end module.
Expansion I/O Power and
RS485 serial connection
115S- XX
915U-2
B
A
-
+
B
A
-
115S- XX
+
B
-
A
+
Figure 10 – RS485 Connections
2.5.2 Side Access Configuration Panel
Factory
Boot
USB Host
Dipswitches
ON
1
2
3
4
5
6
Figure 11 – Side Access Panel
On the side of the module is a small access cover that hides a “Factory Boot” switch,
USB Host port and a small bank of dipswitches that are used for Analog input
voltage/current selection, External Boot and Default configuration settings.
“Factory Boot” switch
The “Factory Boot” switch is used for factory setup and diagnostics. This switch should
not normally be used, except if advised by ELPRO support.
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USB Host port
This port is a USB Host (Master port), which can interface with USB storage devices for
data logging (Future) and for upgrading the module Firmware – See section 4.3.6
“System Tools” for details on how this is done.
Dipswitches
The Dipswitches are used to select a number of functions within the module; the table
below indicates the different switch positions.

Dipswitches 1 to 2 – Selection for measuring Current or Voltage on Analog Input
3. Set DIP switches ON to measure Current (0-20mA) and OFF for Voltage (05VDC).

Dipswitches 3 to 4 – Selection for measuring Current or Voltage on Analog Input
4. Set DIP switches ON to measure Current (0-20mA) and OFF for Voltage (05VDC).

Dipswitch 5 – DIP Switch not used

Dipswitch 6 – When set to ON (Enabled), the module will boot up with a known
factory default including a default IP address for Ethernet connection. (Refer to
Chapter 4 - “Default ”)
Switch
Function
DIP 1 & 2
Analog Input #3
DIP 3 & 4
Analog Input #4
Switch
Function
DIP 5
Not used
DIP 6
Default
Configuration
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Current
Voltage
Enabled
Disabled
User Manual
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
Front panel connections
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
GND +24V
AI 1
+
AI 1
-
AI2
+
AI2
-
AI3
AI4
AO1
+
AO2
GND +24V
+
Figure 12 – Front Panel Connections
The 915U-2 front panel provides connections for the following

Eight Digital Input /Output (DIO1-8).

Two 12 bit, 0.1% accuracy differential analog inputs.

Two single ended 12 bit, 0.1% accuracy analog inputs.

Two 13 bit, 0.1% accuracy current sourcing analog outputs.

Connection terminals for Common and +24V Analog Loop Supply (ALS
maximum current limit is 100mA).
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2.5.3 Digital Inputs
Each digital I/O channel on the 915U-2 can act as either an input or an output. The
input/output direction is automatically determined by the connections and configuration
of the I/O.
If you have an I/O channel wired as an input but operate the channel as an output. No
electrical damage will occur however, the I/O system will not operate correctly.
If operating the channel as an output and performing a “read inputs” on this location it
will indicate the status of the output.
Marked DIO1-8 the Digital inputs share the same terminals as the Digital outputs on the
915U-2 module.
A digital input is activated by connecting the input terminal to EARTH or Common,
either by voltage-free contact, TTL Level, or transistor switch.
Each digital input has an orange indication LED that will turn on when the input has
been connected to a GND or common.
Discrete Input / Output Used as input
915U-2
V+
Voltage Free Contact
DIO1
DIO2
Transistor
Switch Device
Common
V-
Figure 13 – Digital Input Wiring
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
2.5.4 Pulsed Inputs
The 915U-2 supports 8 x digital signals, of which inputs 1 to 4 can be used as pulsed
inputs.
The maximum pulse frequency is 50 KHz for Input 1 & 2 and 1 KHz for Input 3 & 4.
Digital/Pulsed inputs are suitable for TTL signal Level, NPN-transistor switch devices or
voltage-free contacts (relay/switch with debounce capacitor).
V+
915U-2
TTL CMOS
Output
DIO1
DIO2
Voltage Free Contact
DIO3
Transistor
Switch Device
GND
V-
Figure 14 – Pulsed Input Wiring
Frequencies greater than 1 KHz need to use a TTL logic drive or an external pull-up
resistor (1KΩ to V+). Pulsed inputs are converted to two different values internally. First
is the Pulse Count, which is an indication of how many times the input has changed
state over a configured time period. Secondly there is a Pulse Rate which is an analog
input derived from the pulse frequency. E.g. 0 Hz = 4mA and 1 KHz = 20mA.
All Pulsed Input counts are stored in non-volatile Ram so in the event of a power fail or
the module being reset the values will be saved.
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2.5.5 Digital Outputs (Pulsed Outputs)
Digital outputs are open-collector transistors and are able to switch loads up to 30VDC,
200mA.
The 8 digital outputs share the same terminals as the digital input. These terminals are
marked DIO1-8.
Discrete Input / Output Used as output
915U-2
DIO1
DIO2
DC Load
+
Max 30VDC
0.2A
_
V-
Common
Figure 15 – Digital Output Wiring
When active, the digital outputs provide a transistor switch to EARTH (Common).
To connect a digital output, refer to “Figure 15” above. A bypass diode (IN4004) is
recommended to protect against switching surges for inductive loads such as relay
coils.
The digital channels DIO1-4 on the 915U-2 module can be used as pulse outputs with a
maximum output frequency of 1 KHz.
Digital Output Fail Safe Status
As well as indicating the Digital Output status (on / off), the LEDs can also indicate a
communications failure by flashing the Output LED. This feature can be utilised by
configuring a Fail Safe time and status on the “I/O Configuration” web page as shown
below.
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
Figure 16 – Digital Output Failsafe Times
The Fail Safe Time is the time the output counts down before activating a Fail Safe
state.
Normally this would be configured for a little more than twice the update time of the
mapping that is sending data to it.
This is because the Fail Safe Timer is restarted whenever it receives an update. If we
send two successive updates and fail to receive both of these messages then the timer
counts down to zero and activates the Failsafe state.
If the Failsafe state is enabled (ON) this will indicate with the LED flashing briefly OFF
and the digital output will turn on.
If the Failsafe state is disabled (OFF) this will indicate with the LED flashing briefly ON
and the digital output will turn off.
Fail-Safe Timer
On
Fail-Safe Enabled
LED State
Off
On
Fail-Safe Disabled
LED State
Off
Figure 17 - Fail-Safe State
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2.5.6 Analog Inputs
The 915U-2 provides two floating differential analog inputs and two grounded singleended analog inputs.
Analog Input 1 & 2 will automatically measures Current (0-20 mA) or Voltage (0-25V)
depending on what is connected to the input.
Analog input 3 & 4 must be configured to measure Current (0-20mA) or Voltage (0-5V)
via the DIP switches under the Side Access Configuration Panel (See Section 2.5.2 ).
An internal 24V Analog Loop Supply (ALS) provides power for any current loops with a
maximum current limit of 100mA.
The LEDs have an analog diagnostic function and will indicate the status of the input.
If the current is less than 3.5 mA the LED will be off and if greater than 20.5mA the LED
will be on.
The LED will flicker with the duty cycle relative to the analog reading in this range. (Note
by default there is a 5 second delay on the input because of the Filter) Filter times can
be changed by accessing the Analog Input on the I/O configuration web page or using
the E-Series Configuration software.
The LEDs beside AI1+, AI2+ flash according to current the on these inputs. LEDs
beside AI1- and AI2- flash according to the voltage on the Analog inputs.
Differential Current Inputs (AIN 1 & 2 only)
Differential mode current inputs should be used when measuring a current loop, which
cannot be connected to earth or ground. This allows the input to be connected
anywhere in the current loop. Common mode voltage can be up to 27VDC.
The diagram below indicates how to connect Loop powered or externally powered
devices to the 915U-2 Differential Analog Inputs.
915U-2
Externally powered
sensor
ALS +24V
+
AIN1+
_
AIN1AIN2+
Loop
powered
sensor
+
AIN2-
mA
-
GND
V-
Figure 18 – Differential Current Inputs
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Single Ended Current Inputs (AIN 3 & 4 only)
Single-ended current input mode is useful if the sensor loop is grounded to the 915U-2
module. Devices can be powered from the 24V Analog Loop Supply (ALS) generated
internally from the module.
The Dip Switches are used to determine if the inputs will be current or voltage.
Dip Switches 1 & 2 are used for or Analog 3 and Dip Switches 3 & 4 are used for
Analog 4
For Current set both Dip Switches to the “On” position, for Voltage set both to “Off”
915U-2
Loop
Powered
Sensor
ALS +24V
ON
+
1
mA
2
3
4
5
6
Dip Switch setting
for Current I/P
AIN3
AIN4
+
Power
supply
_
Externally
powered
sensor
GND
V-
Figure 19– Single Ended Current Inputs
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Single Ended Voltage Inputs
All analog inputs can be setup to read voltage.
If using Analog input 1 & 2 connect the voltage source across the positive terminal of
the input and Common.
If using Analog input 3 & 4 then connect across the input terminal and Common.
Note:
Default scaling gives 0-25V for 4-20mA output on Analog 1 and 2.
Default scaling for analog 3 and 4 gives 0-5V for 4-20mA output.
For Voltage input on analog 3 and 4 set both Dip Switches to the “Off” position”.
915U-2
ALS +24V
AIN1+
+
V
0-25V
Sensor
Differential Voltage
Inputs (AI1&2)
AIN1-
-
Single Ended Voltage
Input (AI3&4)
AIN3
0-5VDC
Sensor
AIN4
+
ON
V
1
-
2
3
4
5
6
Dip Switch setting
for Voltage I/P
GND
V-
Figure 20 – Voltage Inputs
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2.5.7 Analog Outputs
The 915U-2 module provides two 0 - 24 mA DC analog outputs for connecting to
instrument indicators for the display of remote analog measurements.
The 915U-2 Analog outputs are a sourcing output and should be connected from the
analog output terminal through the device or indicator to Common. See diagram for
connections.
The LEDs function as a primitive level indicator depending on current - Dim for 4mA and
Bright for 20mA
915U-2
ALS +24V
AOT1
AI
AOT2
COM
PLC
+
-
V-
GND
Figure 21 – Analog Outputs
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Chapter 3 - Operation
3.1
Overview
The 915U-2 range of I/O modules has been designed to provide standard “off-the-shelf”
telemetry functions, at an economic price. Telemetry is the transmission of data or
signals over a long distance via radio or twisted-pair wire cable.
3.2 Indications
When power is initially connected to the module it will perform some internal setup and
diagnostics checks to determine if the module is operating correctly. These checks will
take approximately 40 seconds. The table below shows the correct LED sequences.
3.2.1 Front Panel Indications
LED Indicator
Condition
Meaning
PWR
PWR
PWR
PWR
RF
RF
232
232
232
485
485
GREEN
Fast Flash
SLOW Flash
RED
GREEN
RED
GREEN
RED
ORANGE
GREEN
RED
System OK
System Boot – Stage 1
System Boot – Stage 2
System Boot – Initial / System Failure
Transmitting Radio data
Receiving Radio data
Transmitting RS232 data
Receiving RS232 data
Transmitting and Receiving RS232 data
Transmitting RS485 data
Receiving RS485 data
3.2.2 Boot Sequence “PWR” LED Indications
Normal Reset
Reset
Green LED
5Sec 17Sec
25Sec
Normal Operation
48Sec
Normal Operation
Red LED
Green/Red (Orange Colour) LED
Green/Red Fast Flash (Boot Stage 1)
Green/Red Slow Flash (Boot Stage 2)
Figure 22 - Boot Sequence
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3.2.3 Input / Output Indications
LED
Indicator
D 1- 8
Condition
Meaning
ORANGE
FLASHING ORANGE Mostly On
Digital input ON
Update Failure - Failsafe state
On
D 1- 8
FLASHING ORANGE Mostly Off
Update Failure - Failsafe state
Off
AI 1 & 2 +
ORANGE
Analog input current indication
AI 1 & 2 –
ORANGE
Analog input voltage indication
AI 3 & 4
ORANGE
Analog input current or voltage
indication
AO1 & 2
ORANGE
Analog output current indication
D 1- 8
Digital Inputs
LED‟s display the status of each of the eight DIO‟s when used as inputs. (If the LED is lit
then the input is on).
Digital Outputs
When the DIO‟s are used as outputs the LEDs will display the status of each of the
digital output (If the LED is lit then the output is on). The LED‟s also indicate if the output
is in a failsafe state by flashing to LKED at different rates. If the LED is mostly ON this
will indicate the Failsafe state on the „Digital Output Configuration Page‟ is ON and if the
LED is mostly OFF this will indicate the Failsafe state is configured OFF.
Analog Inputs
Two LEDs exist for each Differential analog input. The first LED (+) is used to indicate
the analogue input is reading a Current (mA), the second LED (-) indicates the input is
reading Voltage.
Each of the analog input LEDs will flash with increasing speed and intenseness
depending on the level of the input (4mA = slow/dim and 20mA= fast/bright)
For each of the single ended analog channels, the LED indicates when the input is
reading Current or Voltage by flashing the LED with the level of the input (4mA =
slow/dim and 20mA= fast/bright).
Analog Outputs
Each Analog output has an LED in series which will indicate the output current by
increasing/decreasing the intensity of the LED. (4mA = dim and 20mA= bright)
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3.2.4 Ethernet Indications
On the end plate, the Ethernet socket incorporates two LED‟s These LEDs indicating
the Ethernet status
100M
LINK
ETHERNET
(HUB)
Page 39
100M – GREEN LED indicates presence of a 100 Mbit /s
Ethernet connection, with a 10 Mbit /s connection the LED will
be off.
LINK – ORANGE indicates an Ethernet connection and LED
briefly flashes “off” with activity.
User Manual
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
3.3 System Design
3.3.1 Radio Channel Capacity
Messages sent on a cable link are much faster than on a radio channel, and the
capacity of the radio channel must be considered when designing a system. This
becomes more important as the I/O size of a system increases.
The modules are designed to provide “real-time” operation or Change of State (COS).
When an input signal changes, the change message is sent to the output. The system
does not require continuous messages as in a polling system. Update messages are
intended to check the integrity of the system, not to provide fast operation. Update times
should be selected based on this principle. The default update time in the mappings is
10 minutes - we recommend that you leave these times as is unless particular inputs
are very important and deserve a smaller update time.
It is important that radio paths be reliable. For large systems, we recommend a
maximum radio channel density of 300 messages per minute, including change
messages and update messages. We suggest that you do not design the system with
more than 300 messages per minute as this does not take into account any network
communication overheads. Note that this rate assumes that all radio paths are reliable
and the network topology (mesh) is stable - poor radio paths will require retransmissions
and will reduce the channel density. If there are other users on the radio channel, then
this peak figure will also decrease.
Having remotes radios dropping in and out of communications can also increase overall
network traffic because the network would need to relearn the communication paths
each time the module comes back on line.
3.3.2 Dual Band Operation
The 915U-2 radio band is split into two sub-bands, 902-914 MHz (Low) and 915–928
MHz (High). The radio sub-band can be changed by selecting the “Hop Set” on the
“Radio” webpage.
In countries that utilize the full 902-928MHz bandwidth, i.e. America / Canada, etc the
915U-2 utilises both sub-bands which make it possible to force the frequency hopping to
the other band (high or low) to avoid radio interference and separate systems.
In other countries, i.e. Australia & New Zealand this is unavailable because of the single
band.
3.3.3 Radio Path Reliability
Radio paths over short distances can operate reliably with a large amount of obstruction
in the path. As the path distance increases, the amount of obstruction that can be
tolerated decreases. At the maximum reliable distance, “line-of-sight” is required for
reliable operation. The curvature of the earth becomes more of an obstacle if the path is
greater than several kilometres (or miles), and therefore needs to be allowed for. For
example, the earth curvature over 5 miles (8km) is approx 10 feet (3m), requiring
antennas to be elevated at least 13 feet (4m) to achieve “line-of-sight” even if the path is
flat.
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A radio path may act reliably in good weather, but poorly in bad weather - this is called a
“marginal” radio path. If the radio path is more than 20% of the maximum reliable
distance (see Specification section for these distances), we recommend that you test
the radio path before installation. Each 915U-2 module has a radio path-testing feature refer to Section 5.2 ”Connectivity” of this manual.
There are several ways of improving a marginal path:
Relocate the antenna to a better position. If there is an obvious obstruction
causing the problem, then locating the antenna to the side or higher will improve
the path. If the radio path has a large distance, then increasing the height of the
antenna will improve the path.

Use an antenna with a higher gain. Before you do this, make sure that the
radiated power from the new antenna is still within the regulations of your
country. If you have a long length of coaxial cable, you can use a higher gain
antenna to cancel the losses in the coaxial cable.

If it is not practical to improve a marginal path, then the last method is to use
another module as a repeater. A repeater does not have to be between the two
modules (although often it is). If possible, use an existing module in the system,
which has good radio path to both modules. The repeater module can be to the
side of the two modules, or even behind one of the modules, if the repeater
module is installed at a high location (for example, a tower, or mast). Repeater
modules can have their own I/O and act as a “normal” 915U-2 module in the
system.
3.3.4 Design for Failures
All well designed systems consider system failure. I/O systems operating on a wire link
will fail eventually, and a radio system is the same. Failures could be short-term
(interference on the radio channel or power supply failure) or long-term (equipment
failure).
The modules provide the following features for system failure:
Outputs can reset if they do not receive a message within a configured time. If an
output should receive an update or change message every 10 minutes, and it
has not received a message within this time, then some form of failure is likely. If
the output is controlling some machinery, then it is good design to switch off this
equipment until communications has been re-established.

The modules provide a failsafe feature for outputs. This is a configurable time
value for each output. If a message has not been received for this output within
this time, then the output will go to a configured value. We suggest that this reset
time be a little more than twice the update time of the input. It is possible to miss
one update message because of short-term radio interference, however if two
successive update messages are missed, then long term failure is likely and the
output should be reset. For example, if the input update time is 3 minutes, set the
output reset time to 7 minutes.

A module can provide an output, which activates on communication failure to
another module. This can be used to provide an external alarm that there is a
system fault.
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3.3.5 Indicating a Communications Problem
There are two ways to indicate communications problems.
Fail-to-transmit alarm
The first method is to setup a communications indication on a register of your choice
when configuring a mapping. This can be done using an existing mapping (do not need
to setup a special comms mapping).
When entering a Block Write or Gather/Scatter Mapping you need to enter into the
“FailReg” field a register location that you wish to indicate a communications fail (As
mentioned previously this register can be a local DIO (Reg 1-8) or an internal register.
Whenever the module tries to send this mapping and fails to get a response (Ack) it will
turn on the output.
The Comms Fail indication will clear on the next successful transmission of the
mapping.
This method will work with any number of repeaters in the link; however it
will only indicate a failure to transmit if the mapping has the "ACK" field
checked.
It will not give a Fail indication if the mappings are configured as Transmit
only (do not have the “Ack” ticked).
Fail-to-receive alarm
The second method is to set up a “Comms Link” indication on the receiving end using
normal Write Mappings on the transmitting end and the “Fail Safe Time” function on the
receiving end. Setup a comms mapping from an unused digital input (can be an internal
signal, i.e. Supply fail) and have it mapped to the output that will indicate the
communication status. The input will be updated at a given time interval (default will be
5 minutes) but select a time that will give a good indication of failure but not update so
much that it generates too many comms check messages, e.g. 30 seconds.
On the receiving end, configure a “Fail Safe Time” on the output that it being mapped to
of twice the update time e.g. 1 minute. Next, configure the Fail Safe State to be on
(ticked) which will turn on the output when it fails to be updated. Alternatively, you could
invert the mapping so the output was always on and then trigger the “Fail Safe State” to
go off when not updated.
This method will work with any number of repeaters in the link.
You should use separate outputs to indicate “comms OK” of different remote modules.
3.3.6 WIBNet – Communication Registers.
The WIBNet Radio has a number of registers available to indicate a communication
failure with a particular remote address.
General purpose digital registers 10501 to 10595 will indicate a communication fail for
the corresponding remote radio address.
E.g. Address 10505 will indicate a communication fail for remote address # 5
Address 10590 will indicate a communications failure for remote address # 90.
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Note: Radio must have a valid mapping for the remote address and the mapping
must have the „ACK‟ enabled.
3.3.7 Testing and Commissioning
We recommend that that the system is fully tested on the bench before installation. It is
much easier to find configuration problems on the bench when the modules are next to
each other as opposed to being miles apart.
When the system is configured and you are happy that it all works, backup the
configurations of all the modules.
After installation, record the radio signal strength and background noise level for each
radio link. See section 5.4 “Neighbour RSSI” for details on this. If there are future
communications problems, you can compare the present measurements to the ascommissioned values. This is an effective way of finding problems with antennas,
cables, and changes in the radio path (for example, the erection of new buildings).
3.4 WIBMesh
The ELPRO WIBMesh protocol is based on the “Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector”
(AODV) routing algorithm which is a routing protocol designed for ad hoc networks.
AODV is capable of unicast (single addressed message) routing and is an “on-demand”
protocol, meaning that it builds and maintains these routes only as long as they are
needed by the source devices. In other words the network is silent until a connection is
needed. The Protocol creates a table, which shows the connection routes to other
device in the system and uses sequence numbers to ensure the routes are kept as
current as possible.
When a module in a network needs to make a connection to another module it
broadcasts a request for connection. Other modules forward this message, and record
the module address that they heard it from, creating a table of temporary routes back to
the starting module. If a module receives a request and it already has an existing route
to the request destination, it will send a message backwards through the temporary
route to the requesting module.
Each request for a route has a sequence number. Modules use this sequence number
so that they do not repeat route requests that they have already passed on. Another
such feature is that the route requests have a "time to live" number that limits how many
times they can be retransmitted. Another such feature is that if a route request fails,
another route request may not be sent until twice as much time has passed as the
timeout of the previous route request.
The original starting module then begins using the route that has the least number of
hops. Unused entries in the routing tables are recycled after a time.
When a link fails, a routing error is passed back to a transmitting node, and the process
repeats.
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Chapter 4 - Configuration
4.1 First time Configuration
The 915U-2 has a built-in web server, containing web pages for analysing and minor
modification to the module‟s configuration. The configuration can be accessed using
any web browser however we recommend using Microsoft® Internet Explorer 8.
4.1.1 Default IP Address
The default factory IP Address of the 915U-2 is 192.168.0.1XX, where XX is the last two
digits of the serial number (the default “Setup IP address” is shown on the printed label
on the side of the module)
Netmask 255.255.255.0
Username is “user” and the default password is “user”
The 915U-2 will temporarily load some factory-default settings if powered up
with the #6 dipswitch under the side configuration panel switched on. When in
SETUP mode, wireless operation is disabled. The previous configuration
remains stored in non-volatile memory and will only change if a configuration
parameter is modified and the change saved.
ON
1
2
3
4
5
6
Do not forget to set the switch back to the OFF position and re-cycle the
power at the conclusion of the configuration for normal operation
otherwise, it will continue to boot into the default IP address.
4.1.2 Changing PC Network Settings
The Default IP address is in the range 192.168.0.XXX and so will require a PC on this
network or be able to change the network settings to access the module configuration.
The following is the procedure for changing A PC network settings.
You will need a “straight-through” Ethernet cable between the PC Ethernet port and the
915U-2. The factory default Ethernet address for the 915U-2 is 192.168.0.1XX where
XX are the last two digits of the serial number (check the label on the back of the
module).
Connect the Ethernet cable between unit and the PC configuring the module.
Open the side configuration panel and set the #6 Dipswitch to ON.
With this switch on the 915U-2 will always start with the Ethernet IP address
192.168.0.1XX, subnet mask 255.255.255.0, Gateway IP 192.168.0.1 and the radio IP
address 192.168.2.1. Do not forget to set the switch back to the OFF position and
restart the module at the conclusion of configuration.
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Open “Network Settings” on your PC under Control Panel. The following description is
for Windows XP - earlier Windows operating systems have similar settings.
Open “Properties” of Local Area Connection.
Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click on Properties.
On the General tab, enter IP address 192.168.0.1, Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 and
press “OK”
Figure 23 – Network Settings
The simplest way to check Ethernet communications is to use the “Ping” command
From the Windows Start menu, select “Run” then type “command”
A Command Prompt DOS window will open and from there you can use the Ping
command to check if you are able to connect to the module.
Type ping 192.168.0.1XX (where XX is the last two digits of the serial number)
You should then see a reply like below.
Figure 24 - Ping
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You can then open Internet Explorer and ensure you can connect to the IP address
selected. If the PC uses a proxy server, ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the
Proxy Server for local addresses.
This option may be modified by opening Tools -> Internet Options -> Connections Tab > LAN Settings->Proxy Server -> bypass proxy for local addresses.
Enter the default IP address for the 915U-2 https://192.168.0.1XX where XX is the last
two digits of the serial number.
Enter the username “user” and default password “user”.
When Configuration is complete switch the 915U-2 Factory Default dip-switch to RUN
and cycle power to resume normal configured operation.
You should now see the Module Welcome Screen (below)
Figure 25 – Main Welcome Screen
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4.1.3 Over the Air Configuration
The WIBMesh 915U-2 modules communicate using Standard Ethernet Protocols which
make it possible to connect to other 915U-2 modules within the radio network for over
the air diagnostics or configuration changes.
A little forethought when designing the system is required as some minor configuration
settings are needed to implement the over air configuration.
The Multi point to point system shown below in Figure 26 will require the following.

Default Gateway address in all remote modules needs to point back to the
Central 915U-2 module radio IP address (i.e. 10.0.0.1)

Central 915U-2 needs to have the “IP Gateway Mode” enabled on the “Mesh”
webpage (see separate “Web Page Configuration Supplement” for details).

Ethernet IP address range on the remote modules must be different to the
Ethernet IP address range on the Central 915U-2 module or disabled (see
separate “Web Page Configuration Supplement” for details)

PC must have its Default Gateway address set to the Central 915U-2 Ethernet IP
Address or it must have a route added to its default routing table, e.g. “ROUTE
ADD 10.0.0.0 MASK 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
If the system is configured as per above it will allow configuration and diagnostics
access for all remote modules from the PC connected to the Central 915U-2 module.
WIBMesh Software can then be used to configure modules across the radio network.
Over the air Configuration
PWR
RF
232
485
Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Radio: 10.0.0.5
Subnet: 255.255.225.0
Ethernet: 192.168.0.5
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
PWR
CENTRAL 915U-2
RF
232
485
ELPRO
915U-2
PWR
PWR
PWR
RF
OK
OK
232
TX
TX
485
RX
RX
√ Enable IP Gateway Mode
Radio: 10.0.0.1
Subnet: 255.255.225.0
Ethernet: 192.168.1.1
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
ELPRO
915U-2
Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Radio: 10.0.0.3
Subnet: 255.255.225.0
Ethernet: 192.168.0.3
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
PWR
ELPRO
915U-2
ELPRO
115S-XX
ELPRO
115S-XX
Ethernet IP range must be different to all
other Ethernet Address ranges on the
radio network.
PC
RF
232
485
Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Radio: 10.0.0.4
Subnet: 255.255.225.0
Ethernet: 192.168.0.4
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
ELPRO
915U-2
PWR
RF
232
485
Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Radio: 10.0.0.2
Subnet: 255.255.225.0
Ethernet: 192.168.0.2
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
Ethernet: 192.168.1.100
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1 or
A Route Rule , e.g. ROUTE ADD 10.0.0.0
MASK 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ELPRO
915U-2
Figure 26 -Over the air Configuration
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4.2 Module Configuration
Module configuration can be done using the MConfig utility for Meshing and Econfig for
Legacy or via inbuilt web pages. We recommend the software be used as the primary
config as is easier to use and simplifies the overall configuration. It is also project based
which means you can group a number of modules in one configuration file.
For instructions on web page based configurations see the separate Webpage
Configuration supplement
The Utility and supplement are available from the download section of the ELPRO
Technologies web site - www.elprotech.com.
4.2.1 Software & Connections
After downloading the configuration utility, run the setup file to install the software on to
your computer.
Figure 27 - Installation
The software is compatible with all current Windows versions and uses a simple point
and click interface. Configuration of the module can be via USB or Ethernet connection.
Figure 28 – Configuration Software
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4.2.2 Mappings
Mappings are configured by selecting the “Units”, “Mappings” then “Add”.
Figure 29 - Mappings
There are three types of mappings, Write, Gather/Scatter and Read Mapping.
Write Mapping
A multi I/O mapping that allows multiple sequential values to be sent in one message. If
mapping analog values the maximum I/O count is 64 however if mapping digitals it can
be as many as 1024 as the digitals values are packed into 16 bit words for transmission.
Gather Scatter Mapping
A Gather Scatter Mapping is essentially the same as a Write Mapping however instead
of sequential register it allows different I/O types to be sent in a single message. All I/O
types – Digital, Analog, Long (32bit registers) and Floating point values can be sent in
the one message. With a Gather Scatter Mapping a maximum I/O count is 32 values
and these values can be any type, i.e. digital, analog, longs or floats.
Read Mappings
Read Mappings are similar to Write Mappings in that they allow multiple sequential
values to be sent however instead of writing the values to another module it sends a
message or polls the receiving module and requests the values.
Mappings are configured by select the Mapping Type and Destination and then
configure the I/O table. By clicking in the Local Name cell you can select an I/O point
(Input) that you wish to map, then select the Remote Name cell to add I/O point (Output)
for the destination.
There is also and I/O count which will allow the addition of more I/O points to the
mapping. In a Write and Read mapping they will consecutive registers however in
Gather/Scatter Mappings they can be selected from anywhere within the I/O table
The other mapping parameters are available on the same screen, i.e. Update Times,
Offset Times, Change of State delay or even disabling the COS completely. You can
also configure a Comms Fail output indication or configure a trigger register that will
force the mapping to be sent.
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Figure 30 - Gather/Scatter Mapping
4.2.3 Address Map
The I/O data store provides storage for all I/O data, either local or received from the
system.
The I/O Store provides eight different “data files”, two bit, two word, two long-word and
two floating point files. In addition each file type supports both inputs and outputs of the
device and data storage for the gateway function.
These files are mapped into the address range as described below.
Type
Size
Address
discrete outputs
3000 (bits)
00001
discrete inputs
2500 (bits)
10001
word inputs (16-bit)
2500 (words)
30001
word outputs(16-bit)
2500 (words)
40001
long inputs (32-bit)
20 (longwords)
36001
float inputs (32-bit)
20 (floats)
38001
long outputs (32-bit)
20 (longwords)
46001
float outputs (32-bit)
20 (floats)
48001
The addressing utilises standard Modbus protocol formatting as well as being common
for ELPRO protocol.
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The following table shows the basic onboard I/O available in a standard 915U-2 module
with no expansion I/O connected. For a more detailed I/O map (showing the full register
range), see Appendix B: “I/O Store Registers” at the end of the manual.
4.2.4 Standard 915U-2 I/O (Basic I/O)
Address
0001 - 0008
Input / Output Description
Local DIO1 – DIO8 (as Outputs)
10001 - 10008
Local DIO1 – DIO8 (as inputs)
10009 - 10020
Setpoint status from Analog inputs 1 through 12. (AI1, 2, 3, 4
Current Mode), (Internal Supplies), (AI1, 2, 3, 4 Voltage Mode)
30001 - 30004
Local AI1 – AI4. (Current Mode)
( AI1, AI2 4-20mA diff, AI3, AI4 4-20mA Sink)
30005
Local Supply voltage (8-40V default scaling)
30006
Local 24V loop voltage (8-40V default scaling)
30007
Local Battery voltage (8-40V default scaling)
30008
115S Expansion I/O Supply Voltage (8-40V default scaling)
30009 - 30012
Local AI1 – AI4. (Voltage Mode) ( AI1, AI2 0-25V, AI3, AI4 0-5V)
30013 - 30016
Local Pulse rate inputs PI1 – PI4
36001 - 36008
Local Pulsed input counts – (PI1 Most significant word is 36001 and
Least significant word is 36002)
38001 - 38032
Local Analog inputs as Floating point values (mA, Volts or Hz)
40001 - 40002
Local AO1 – AO2
48001 - 48002
Local AO1 – AO2 as floating point values (mA)
4.2.5 I/O Configuration
I/O configuration is done using the Configuration software and each I/O has different
characteristics that can be tailored to applications.
The parameters for each I/O I will explain below.
Digital Inputs
Name – The inputs can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to 30
characters including spaces.
Debounce Time (sec) – Debounce is the time which an input must stay stable before
the module decides that a change of state has occurred. If a digital input changes (on off) and changes again (off - on) in less than the debounce time, then the module will
ignore both changes. Default debounce time is 0.5 seconds.
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Digital Outputs
Name – The inputs can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to 30
characters including spaces.
Failsafe Time (sec) – The Fail Safe Time is the time the output needs to count down
before activating the failsafe state. Receiving an update or a COS message will reset
the Fail Safe Timer back to its starting value. If the Fail Safe Timer gets down to zero
then the output will be set to the Fail Safe state (ON or OFF)
It is recommend this Fail Safe Time be configured for a little more than twice the update
time of the input that is mapped to it, that way the output will reset if it fails to receive
two update messages.
Fail Safe State – The state that the output will go to after the „Failsafe Time‟ has
elapsed.
If the Failsafe state is enabled (ON) this will indicate with the LED flashing briefly OFF
and the digital output will turn on.
If the Failsafe state is disabled (OFF) this will indicate with the LED flashing briefly ON
and the digital output will turn off.
Pulsed Outputs
Name – The inputs can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to 30
characters including spaces.
Update Time (sec) – Time that the output will be updated with the latest received value.
The time is related to the update time of the pulsed input that is mapped to it. E.g. If the
pulsed input update time is configured for 10 seconds the number of pulses will be
counted and send to the receiving module every 10 seconds. The receiving module will
then output the pulse count over the configured update time, i.e.10 seconds
Analog Inputs
The 915U-2 Analog inputs have the following configuration parameters.
Name – The inputs can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to 30
characters including spaces.
Filter (sec) – The Filter time Constant is the time the analog takes to settle on a step
changed of an analog value. By default, all the inputs except the Pulse Rates have a
Time constant of 5 seconds. Pulsed input rates are not filtered.
Lower & Upper Setpoints – Are the upper and lower control point values that will be
used to turn on and off the Analog Setpoint digital signals located at register 10009 –
10020.
Setpoint values are entered in the scale of the input, i.e. Analog input 1-4 will be in mA,
Analog inputs 9-12 will be volts, etc.
The analogs inputs are controlled by using the setpoints and the two control options
explained below. All analogs have these controlling setpoints and options.
The two main Setpoint control options are.
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•
Deadband (Default) - If the Analog Input is greater than the Upper Set
point, the set-point status will be active (on, “1”). The setpoint will reset
(off, “0”) when the Analog Input is less than the Lower Set Point. Note that
the Upper Set Point must always be higher than the Lower Set Point.”
•
Windowed – If the analog value is inside the upper and lower setpoints,
the setpoint will be active (on, “1”), and if the analog value is outside of
these setpoints the setpoint will be reset (off, “0”)
Invert –This option toggles the Setpoint control logic between the default normal and
inverted state. The function does not change, only the operation is inverted, e.g. if
setpoint is on in its normal state, inverting the signal will mean the setpoint will be off in
the normal state.
Window – This option toggles the Set point operation between the default Dead band
and Windowed modes.
Scaling – The software shows the input scaling in either Low-High Values or Zero-Span
values. These variables will change the Scale of the Analog Inputs.
•
Low – The low Engineering value for the Input
•
High – The high Engineering value for the Input (mA, V, Hz, etc)
•
Zero – Starting Value (counts) when measured value is zero
•
Span – Number of counts per measured value (mA, V, Hz, etc)
The Analog is a linear scale with an overall Raw range of 8192 to 49152 decimal (Total
= 40960). The input Engineering range can have many different forms i.e. 0-20mA, 05V, or 0-1000Hz which is why the zero and span can be scaled to give the correct Raw
range.
Analog Outputs
Name – The inputs can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to 30
characters including spaces.
Failsafe Time (sec) – The Fail Safe Time is the time the output needs to count down
before activating the failsafe state. Receiving an update or a COS message will reset
the Fail Safe Timer back to its starting value. If the Fail Safe Timer gets down to zero
then the output will be set to the Fail Safe state (mA)
It is recommend this Fail Safe Time be configured for a little more than twice the update
time of the input that is mapped to it, that way the output will reset if it fails to receive
two update messages. Entering a zero in the Fail Safe Time will disable.
Failsafe value (mA) – The value that you wish the output to be set to on completion of
the failsafe timeout.
4.2.6 Serial Expansion I/O
Adding modules
Additional 115S serial expansion I/O modules can be added if more I/O is required.
When connecting expansion I/O module to the 915U-2 the RS485 serial port is
configured to communicate Modbus protocol by default.
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The default serial parameters of the RS485 port are 9600, N, 8, 1 which match the
defaults of the 115S serial expansion modules. The parameters can be changed, to
increase poll speeds in larger systems however the serial modules will need to match
that of the 915U-2 RS485 port.
Also if more than 3 serial expansion modules are added the “Maximum Connections” for
the RS485 port on the “Serial” page will need to be adjusted.
Note: Reducing the “Maximum connections” will slightly improve the
serial scan time however make sure the slave addresses falls within the
“Maximum connections”. If the Slave address is above the “Maximum
connections”, it will not be polled.
Next, connect the serial expansion module and take note of the module address (Rotary
switches on the bottom) as this address will be used as an offset to locate the I/O within
the 915U-2.
Also make sure the last module in the RS485 loop has the termination switch on
(down).
Failure to terminate the RS485 correctly will result in the modules not
operating correctly.
115S Expansion I/O Memory Map
I/O data on the 115S module is read into memory locations according to their Modbus
address. The maximum number of Modbus addresses is 24.
Each 115S module has an “Offset” which applies to the location of all of its registers.
This Offset is equal to the units Modbus address multiplied by 20.
If the modules Modbus address is 15, the Offset value will be 15 X 20 = 300.
E.g. If connecting a 115S-11 (16 x DIO) with address #15

Digital input 1 will be at register location 10301.

Digital Output 1 will be at register location 301
If using a 115S-12 (8 x DIO & 8 AIN) with address 16

Digital input 1 will be at register location 10321

Analog input 1 will be at register location 30321
See Appendix C: “Expansion I/O Store Registers”. For a more detailed address map of
the serial expansion I/O modules.
Adding Expansion I/O to Configuration Software
Select the sub branch “Expansion” under the I/O/ Branch of the module in the
configuration software.
Select “Add” to enter new I/O modules.
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Figure 31 - Expansion I/O
Select the following parameters
Name - The Module can be named to help with configuration or use the default, up to
30 characters including spaces.
Device ID – Select the Address of the expansion I/O module. Address must be the
same as the address on the rotary switch on the bottom of the 115S expansion I/O
module.
Device Type – Select the module type from the drop down list.
4.2.7 Failsafe Blocks
Fail Safe Block configuration allows registers to be set to a pre configured value on
start-up as well as configuring the outputs to reset to a predefined value after a timeout
period has elapsed, when the real value comes in it will update as normal. Also if the
value is lost because of a communication problem it can be configured to set the output
to a failsafe value after the pre-configured time.
Figure 32 - Failsafe Block
In the screen shot above, register 40501 is an analog value that has been mapped from
another module, it has an update interval of 1 minute.
On start-up this module will write a value of 16535 into register 30501 and then start
counting down from the “Timeout” value (in this case 600 seconds).
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If after 600 seconds, the module still has not received an update from the other module,
register 30501 will be set to the “Fail Value” (in this case 0).
If the “Invalidate on Fail” were ticked, the value would be set to a null or invalidated
value (~).
If this register was mapped to some other location the mapping would be inhibited until
the” Invalid” value was updated with a real value.
The maximum number of Fail Safe blocks you can have is 50.
“Invalid” register state
Figure 33- Invalid Register State
All registers within the module can have various states depending on what type of
register it is and what sort of value it holds, a typical analog range is between 0 and
65535 and a digital can be 0 or 1.
All registers that are not associated with any physical I/O have another state which we
call “invalid”, this state means that the value has not been written to and so does not
hold a value but more a non value or null.
If you were to read the registers using the “I/O Diagnostics” an invalid register would
read “~“as shown in Figure 33 above.
Any mapping with an invalid register will be inhibited from sending. This
is to ensure the data that gets to the destination is valid and not just
default values that the module starts up with. Refer to section 4.2.7
“Failsafe Blocks” above for a way of configuring a registers with a valid
value at start-up
4.2.8 Sensitivity Blocks
All registers have a configurable “Sensitivity” value, which determines how much the
register needs to change by before being sent as a “Change of State” (COS).
All registers have a default sensitivity value of 1 except the following.
The 12 analog inputs have a sensitivity of 1000 (3.2%) and the 24 floating point values
will have a default sensitivity of 0.5 units. In the case of 38001 – 38004 this will be
0.5mA, in the case of 38005-38012 it will be Volts and in 38013 – 38016 it will be Hertz.
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(The reason is so the module does not send every single bit change of an analog value
and subsequently saturate the radio channel with unwanted change messages.
If a lower sensitivity is required then the above blocks can be adjusted and up to 48
more Sensitivity Blocks can be configured for different registers or different values.
Register Group – Selects the register range.
First Register– Selects the actual register number within the register group range.
Count– Selects the number of consecutive registers to apply the sensitivity to.
Sensitivity – Selects the number of counts the register needs to change by before a
Change of State trigger occurs.
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4.2.9 Serial Configuration
The 915U-2 has an RS-232, and an RS-485 port for serial communications. These ports
may be used to connect external Modbus RTU devices via the Modbus TCP to RTU
Gateway and or ELPRO serial expansion I/O modules.
Select the Operating Mode and the normal serial parameters, Baud Rate, Format, Flow
Control, etc from the drop down lists.
Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway
The Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway allows an
Ethernet Modbus/TCP Client (Master) to
communicate with a serial Modbus RTU Slave.
The 915U-2 makes this possible by internally
performing the necessary protocol conversion.
The conversion is always performed by the
915U-2, which is directly connected to the
Modbus serial device (i.e. only this module
needs to have Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway
enabled).
Figure 34 - Modbus TCP/RTU
Request Pause – Enter the delay between serial requests in milliseconds
Response Wait – Enter the serial response timeout in milliseconds – a serial retry will
be sent if a response is not received within this timeout.
Connection Timeout – Enter the TCP connection timeout in seconds – if no
Modbus/TCP data is received within this timeout then the TCP connection will be
dropped. Set this field to zero for no timeout.
Maximum Tries – Enter the maximum number of request retries performed serially.
Expansion I/O
By default the RS485 port will be automatically enabled for “Expansion I/O “.
This means that when expanding the I/O all that is needed is to add the ELPRO
Expansion I/O module/s, e.g. 115S-11, 115S-12, or 115S-13 to the RS485 port and the
I/O will automatically be available from within the 915U-2‟s I/O store. See User Manual
for location addresses.
By default the Data Rate, Data Format will all be standard 9600, N81 and none for Flow
Control which matches the default Serial baud rate and data Format of the 115S serial
expansion module.
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Serial parameters can be adjusted for
compatibility or faster serial performance
by adjusting the rates and format and
then selecting the “Save and Activate”
Button.
Serial port parameters will also need to
be changed on the expansion I/O
module by using the 115S Configuration
Utility which can be downloaded from
the ELPRO Technologies Website
(www.elprotech.com)
Figure 35 - Expansion I/O
Maximum Number of Expansion Modules to Poll – This is the maximum number of
slave addresses that the Modbus Client will scan or poll for. Default is 3. If adding more
that 3 115S expansion I/O module this number will need to be increased.
Maximum Number of Connections – Enter the maximum number of simultaneous
TCP connections to the server allowed.
Request Pause – Enter the delay between serial requests in milliseconds
Response Wait – Enter the serial response timeout in milliseconds – a serial retry will
be sent if a response is not received within this timeout.
Maximum Tries – Enter the maximum number of request retries performed serially.
4.2.10 Modbus Configuration
The 915U-2 provides Modbus TCP Client and Modbus TCP Server functionality for I/O
transfer. There are pre-defined areas representing Inputs and Outputs as well as the
different I/O types, e.g. Bits, Words, Long, Floats, etc, which include the onboard
Input/Output) and are shared for both Client and Server. For a full list of the available
I/O and address, locations please see 915U-2 User Manual.
Modbus TCP Client (Master) and Modbus TCP Server (Slave) are both supported
simultaneously, and when combined with the built in Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway the
915U-2 can transfer I/O to/from almost any combination of Modbus TCP or RTU
devices.
Modbus TCP Server (Modbus Slave) enables the 915U-2 to accept connections from
one or more Modbus TCP Clients (Masters). All Modbus transactions routed to the
onboard Modbus TCP Server are directed either to/from the onboard general purpose
I/O registers. The Modbus TCP Server is shared with the Modbus TCP to RTU
Gateway, so that the Modbus “Device ID” is used to determine if a Modbus transaction
is to be routed to the onboard Modbus TCP Server or to a Modbus RTU device
connected to the serial port. Care should therefore be taken that all serially connected
Modbus devices use a different Modbus Device ID (i.e. Modbus Slave Address) to the
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onboard Modbus TCP Server. Up to 32 separate connections to the Modbus TCP
Server are supported.
Modbus TCP Client (Modbus Master) enables the 915U-2 to connect to one or more
Modbus TCP Servers (Slaves).
All Modbus Master Messages are directed either to/from the onboard I/O registers
depending on configuration (described below). The Modbus TCP Client may also poll
Modbus TCP (Ethernet) and Modbus RTU (serial) devices connected to either the local
module or a remote 915U-2 module. This is done by enabling the Modbus TCP to RTU
gateway at the corresponding serial port
Modbus TCP Client functionality allows connections to a maximum of 24 different
Modbus TCP Servers and up to 100 mappings can be configured.
The screen shot below shows an example of Modbus Client Mappings.
Figure 36 - Modbus Master
In the example above the first mapping shows the Modbus Client (Master) is configured
to read analog values from a device connected on the LAN. The mappings function
code is “Read” and is reading a count of 4 values (Analogs) from the Ethernet address
192,168.0.10, Device ID #10, starting at address 30001, and then writing these values
into its own local registers starting at 40501. The server Port is 502, which is a standard
Modbus TCP Port address.
The next mapping shows something similar however, instead of analog value they are
digital values. The Function code is “Read” again from IP address 192.168.0.10 and
Device ID #10. It will read 8 values starting from address 10001 and writing them to the
local address starting at 501.
The third mapping is similar to the second however, instead of reading from an Ethernet
device it will read from a Serial device connected to the local RS485 port.
Mapping shows a function code “Read” from Device ID #5 connected to the Localhost
IP address 127.0.0.1 (*Note) It is reading 8 values from address 10001 and then writing
these values to local register 509.
The last mapping shows the Modbus Client can also write values to Modbus devices
either on serial or TCP. This mapping is setup to “Write” with an I/O Count of 8 from the
local address 10501 to Device 10 on Server IP address 192.168.0.10 at address
location 4.
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The Modbus Client Scan rate is set to
1000msec and each mapping is
configured with a response timeout (in
this case 1000msec). This time is how
long the master will wait for a response before indicating the failure on the Comms Fail
Register. (In this example register 5-8 are register for local digital outputs 5-8)
*Note: The IP address 127.0.0.1 is a standard loopback address that represents
“localhost” (this computer). Using the loopback address will mean if the module
address is ever changed the Server IP address will not need to be changed as it
will automatically use the localhost address.
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4.3 Web based Configuration
Some configuration options are available by web based configuration only. If utilising
these option they will need to be accessed using a web browser and connecting to the
modules IP Address, i.e. 192.168.0.XXX
4.3.1 Mesh
Figure 37 - Mesh Configuration
Enable IP Gateway
Mode
Link Quality
Threshold
Receive Signal
Strength Threshold
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Enabling this option will allow communicating modules access to
an external Ethernet Network if connected (IP address range
configured under Network Settings). Care should be taken when
enabling this option as it can increase overall network traffic.
Default is off and should remain off unless there is an Ethernet
network connected and other devices on the radio network need
to communicate through this module to the external Ethernet
network. All traffic for the external network must be routed
through this IP address.
The radio will use this threshold levels when establishing a mesh
link with other radios in the system. It represents a 0-100% level
of link quality (100 being the best). If the Link Quality is lower
than the threshold the link will be ignored.
Link Quality can be monitored on the Connectivity web page. If
the link quality is lower than this threshold, then mesh routes will
not be assigned over this link. Default value is 35
The radio will use this threshold level when establishing a mesh
link with other radios in the system. When establishing a mesh
the radio sends out a broadcast message and then monitors the
signal strength from all other nodes that respond, if any of the
signal levels are below the “Receive Signal Strength Threshold”
the mesh link will be ignored. The default threshold is -100dBm
and is used in conjunction with the “Link Quality Threshold”
above
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Multipath RSSI algorithm should be enabled when the installation
is in an environment that is known to have multipath fading.
Enable Multipath
RSSI Algorithm
These installations are typically where units are installed inside
buildings or in environment where antenna do not have
uninterrupted line of sight or have large metallic objects that are
close to the antennas.
The multipath RSSI algorithm calculates a path RSSI that will be
used when establishing mesh links between neighbours. The
calculated link RSSI is compared to the configured RSSI
threshold. If the calculated RSSI is stronger than the threshold,
then a link will be established.
Route Request Idle
Time (Sec)
Route Request Idle Time - is the time the module will wait or hold
off between route requests messages if the route request fails to
get through to the destination. The default time is 30 seconds
which means if the module fails to communicate to its destination
it will wait 30 seconds before sending out another route request.
Without this wait time a network could easily get swamped with
route requests when a link fails to get through.
Route Threshold
(Hops)
Route Threshold - Configures the number of additional hops that
the unit reports when replying to mesh routing requests.
Can be used to configure a priority when a module is used as a
repeater. E.g. two repeater modules lay between a destination
and the source, the repeater with the lowest Route Threshold will
be used first.
The default value is 0 which will mean the module will always act
as repeater. Values between 1 and 9 will configure a priority,
higher numbers for units that are less preferred as repeaters.
Setting the parameter to 10 will means the unit will never be used
as a repeater.
Route Refresh - is how often the module will try to find a better
(shorter) route for an existing route. This is used where network
topology changes can occur that could potentially allow a shorter
path to be taken, i.e. a roaming or mobile application. Without
Route Refresh (Sec) route refresh, the existing route which may not be the best or
most reliable link would continue to be used. The default value is
300 seconds. Setting this parameter to zero will disable the route
refresh operation which will mean the existing route will never
refresh other than on module start up.
Route Timeout (Sec)
Save Changes and
Activate.
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Route Timeout – is the time the route remains active from the
last time it was used. When the timeout expires, the route is
deleted from the unit which will mean the module will need to
rediscover what routes are available. Normally, this time should
be greater than the WIBMesh update time to a destination, so
that the routes will not time out, and remain active.
Save changes to non-volatile memory, and restarting the
function to load new configuration.
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4.3.2 IP Routing
When a 915U-2 receives an IP frame that is destined for an IP address on a different
network, it checks to see if the network address matches one of its own interfaces (i.e.
hard-wired Ethernet, or Radio) and forwards the frame appropriately. However, if the IP
network address does not match the network address of any of its interfaces, the 915U2 will forward the frame to its default gateway. In this case it is assumed that the default
gateway has a valid route to the destination.
In some cases, it is not practical to have just one default gateway (i.e. routed wireless
networks with more than two 915U-2 routers. If more than one “next-hop router” is
required, the 915U-2 allows for up to 100 routing rules to be configured. A routing rule
specifies a destination network (or host) IP address and the corresponding next-hop
router that messages for the specified destination will be forwarded to (Gateway). It is
assumed that the Gateway will then deliver the data to the required destination (or
forward it on to another router that will).
Figure 38 - IP Routing
Name
Destination
Netmask
Interface
Gateway
Enabled
Save Changes
Save Changes and
Reset.
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IP Routing
A name to describe the routing rules (Max 32 characters).
The destination network or Host IP address. You can specify a
whole network by entering the IP range 192.168.0.0 with a
Netmask of 255.255.255.0 or specify an individual host IP
address by setting the Netmask to 255.255.255.255.
The subnet mask for the destination network.
Choose the interface to use for the route. Selections are
Radio, Ethernet or Any – Default is Any.
Specifies the IP address of the next-hop router for the
specified destination.
Check this box to enable the rule. You can Uncheck the box to
disable a routing rule without needing to re-enter the
information at a later time.
Save changes to non-volatile memory. The module will need
to be restarted before the changes take effect.
Save settings to non-volatile memory, and reboot 915U-2.
Once the module has completed the reboot sequence, all
changes are in effect.
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4.3.3 Radio Settings
Select the “Radio” Menu to change the following configuration parameters. If a change
is made, you need to select “Save Changes” to retain the changes. Changes will not
take effect until the unit is reset.
Figure 39 – Radio Configuration Screen
Network Address
Encryption
Encryption Key
Message Signature
Hopset
Transmit Power
Mode
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Radio Settings
A unique address that is used to differentiate one wireless
system from another, All radios that are required to
communicate within the system will need to have the same
Network Address
Messages received with a different System Address will be
ignored. It is used to prevent Cross-talk between systems.
Valid values are between 0 and 32768
Can select either 64 bit ELPRO Proprietary or 128 bit AES
encryption level from the drop down list
Up to 32 characters are available for Encryption key.
The radio preamble is a section of data at the head of a packet
that contains a unique “signature” that the radio locks on to
when receiving messages. Any message with a different
signature is ignored.
There are 4 different Message Signatures and all modules that
communicate together will need to have the same one set.
From here you can select from available Hopset bands, If the
radio has a Country code of US/Canada then there are 2 bands
available, Low (902-914MHz) and High (915-928MHz)
If country is Australia or New Zealand then the only option is
the high band
Adjust the Transmit power level from 30dB (1 W) to 20dB (100
mW). See dBm to mW conversion table at Appendix A:
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Disable Rx LNA
Save Changes and
Reset.
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Check box to disable the LNA (Low Noise Amplifier)
Reduces the Receive Sensitivity by about 15dB, used during
Demos, Bench testing, or close communication paths, etc.
Save settings to non-volatile memory, and reboot 915U-2.
Once the module has completed the reboot sequence, all
changes are in effect.
4.3.4 Mesh Fixed Routes
In large radio systems there will often be a number of radios that will act as Repeaters
for the other radios. Because these sites are generally stationary they do not need to
learn the different paths and can have fixed routes back to the destination. We configure
these routes with Mesh Fixed Route Rules.
You can configure up to 100 fixed Route Rules for each site and the rules can be
targeted to a specific IP address by using a Host Route or a complete Subnet.
Note: If configuring Fixed Routes and any part of the communication path
fails, i.e, path, module, etc there is no fallback to Meshing.
Example #1
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Figure 40 - Mesh Fixed Route #1
The Network Diagram above shows a typical network with mesh fixed routes. Normally
a meshing network will automatically learn the routes within a network and setup
appropriate communication paths to the destination. When manually configuring these
routes all communication paths need to be setup by using Mesh Fixed Routing Rules.
Figure 41 - Mesh Fixed Route#2 Routing Rules
Figure 41 above show the Mesh Fixed Routing Rules for the network diagram in Figure
40 above.
In fixed Route #1 it shows the Destination IP Address will be 10.0.0.1 and its Next hop
will be 10.0.0.2, there will be a total of 2 hops and the ”IP Gateway” and “External” are
un ticked as the destination will be the local I/O on 10.0.0.1.
In Route #2 is a route showing the communication path with repeater #2. The
destination and next addresses are both 10.0.0.2 because it‟s a single hop and again
the “IP Gateway” and “External” are un ticked as the communications is all local and not
through a Gateway or out of the mesh.
Example #2
Figure 42 - Mesh Fixed Route #2
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Figure 43 – Mesh Fixed Route #2 Routing Rules
Figure 43 shows the routing rules for the network diagram Figure 42- Mesh Fixed Route
#2” above
The first route shows the destination and next addresses are both 10.0.0.1 as it‟s a
single hop. Because the destination is a Gateway on an external network the IP
Gateway must be enabled.
The second routing rules shows the Destination (192.168.1.100) is an external network
and is outside of the radio mesh, therefore the External tick box must be enabled. The
next address will be 10.0.0.1, which is the IP Gateway.
Name
Destination
Next
Hops
IP Gateway
External
Enabled
Save Changes and
Activate.
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Mesh Fixed Routing Rules
A name that describes the routing rule (Max 32 characters).
The destination network or Host IP address. You can specify a
whole network by entering the IP range 192.168.0.0 with a
Netmask of 255.255.255.0 or specify an individual host IP
address.
Specifies the IP address of the next hop router for the
specified destination. Next is the same as destination for the
final hop. Next is the same as destination for one-hop routes.
Indicates the number of routing hops to the destination.
Indicates the Destination acts as a gateway out of the mesh
Indicates that it is routed through a Gateway outside of the
mesh
Check this box to enable the rule. You can Uncheck the box to
disable a routing rule without needing to re-enter the
information at a later time.
Save changes to non-volatile memory, and restarting the
function to load new configuration.
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4.3.5 Module Information Web Page
This Web page is primarily for information purposes. With the exception of the
password, the information entered here is displayed on the home configuration
webpage of
the 915U-2.
Figure 44 – Module Information
Username
default = “user”
Password
default = “user”
Device Name
Owner
Contact
Description
Location
Configuration
Version:
Page 69
Configuration of Username. This is the username used to
access the configuration on the 915U-2. Take care to
remember this username if you change it as it will be needed
to access the 915U-2 in future.
Configuration of Password. This is the password used to
access the configuration on the 915U-2. Take care to
remember this password if you change it as it will be needed
to access the module in future.
A text field if you wish to label the 915U-2. Also “Device
Name” is the DNS Host name given to the module if used
with a DHCP Client
A text field for owner name.
A text field for owner phone number, email address etc.
A text field used for a description of the purpose of the unit.
A text field used to describe the location of the 915U-2.
A text field to enter in a version description.
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4.3.6 System Tools Web page
Figure 45 – System Tools
System Log File
Logs system instructions, etc to the screen where the log screen can be saved to a file.
Not normally used, however maybe used by Technical Support to diagnose problems.
The “Clear System Log” clears the log screen.
Reading Configuration File
Reads the module configuration into an XML file, which can be saved by selecting
“Save As” from the File menu.
Writing Configuration File
Allows a previously saved XML configuration file to be loaded back into the module.
Firmware Upgrade – Web Page
This option allows the module firmware to be upgraded locally. The process is done by
selecting “Firmware update” and then browsing for the saved firmware file.
Locate and load the firmware file, press the “Send” button which will upload the file to
the module and then press the “Reset” button. The module will do some checks to
ensure the file is valid before a reset can be initiated.
Note: All existing configuration parameters will be saved however if any
new parameters are added to the firmware the default values will be used.
Firmware Upgrade – USB
Firmware can also be upgraded by plugging a USB flash drive with the firmware files
installed into the USB port underneath the “Access Configuration Panel” on the side of
the module. The module will automatically identify that a USB drive has been plugged in
and will initiate the upgrade process.
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Instructions for upgrading Firmware are as follows.
1. You will need valid ELPRO 915U-2 Firmware upgrade files. Contact ELPRO
Technologies for the latest version. Files must not be renamed, compressed,
or zipped.
2. You will also need a dedicated USB Flash drive which needs to be formatted
and completely free of any other file. Copy the firmware files to the Flash
drive making sure they are in the root of the drive and not in a sub directory.
3. Before upgrading the firmware it is good practice to backup the existing
configuration. Go to the “System Tools” webpage and save the configuration
by selecting “Read Configuration File” and when the XML file is displayed
press <CTRL> F5 to refresh the cache and select “Save As” or “Save Page
As” on the File menu to save the XML as a file.
4. To upgrade, remove the “Configuration Panel” from the side of the module
and plug the Flash drive into the USB port. If the module is mounted on a DIN
rail with other I/O modules it will need to be removed to gain access to the
side panel.
5. Power cycle the module to begin the upgrade process. As the module powers
up it will recognise that a Flash drive has been installed and start upgrading
the firmware. You will see the normal boot up LED sequence (see 3.2
“Indications” for details) however the orange indication will be on for longer.
DO NOT remove the Flash drive or interrupt the power to the module while
this is happening. If the upgrade process is interrupted module could
become unserviceable and will need to be returned to ELPRO for repair.
Upgrade will take approximately 2 minutes and 40 seconds, 120 seconds
over the normal boot time. When update is complete (Solid Green PWR
LED indication) remove the flash drive.
Firmware upgrade Reset
Reset
Green LED
2Sec
Normal Operation
2 min
2 min
25Sec
2min
40Sec
Normal Operation
Red LED
Green/Red (Orange Colour) LED
Green/Red Fast Flash (Boot Stage 1)
Green/Red Slow Flash (Boot Stage 2)
Figure 46 - Firmware Upgrade LED Indications
6. The upgrade process will clear the module flash so you will need to load the
configuration file back into the module. To do this select “Write Configuration
File” from the “System Tools” menu. Browse for the saved XML file and when
loaded press Send and then Reset.
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Product Reconfiguration
Changes the operating mode between WIBMesh and WIBNet.
WIBNet is a compatibility mode that will allow communications between the 915U-2 and
earlier ELPRO E-Series Telemetry units, e.g. 905U-1, 2, 3, 4, C, G, K, L, etc.
Figure 47 - Product Reconfiguration
The Dropdown box has two selections,
Meshing Mode - Standard Elpro WIBMesh and is the format that the module will be in
when it arrives from the factory.
Legacy Compatibility Mode – E-Series compatibility mode, will allow communications
with ELPRO E-Series modules Wireless I/ modules
To change from one to the other select the appropriate mode and then press „Set” and
then „Reset Unit‟ when prompted.
Module will then reset and when complete will be in the selected mode.
Note: WIBMesh is the default operational mode when setup in the factory.
.
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4.3.7 Feature Licence Keys Web Page
Allows the module to be upgraded with enhanced features or upgraded to a more
advanced model .i.e. enabling the Modbus option.
The Feature Licence unlock codes are purchasable by contacting ELPRO Technologies
or your local distributor. The module serial number is needed to generate the Feature
Licence Key which can be found on the default start-up web page of the module, for
details on what this looks like see Figure 25 – Main Welcome Screen on page number
46 of this manual.
The upgrade or advanced features are made available by entering in the purchased
“Feature Licence Key” into the appropriate box next to the feature or enhancement.
After entering the code press the “Save Changes and Reset” button.
The screen will indicate the validity of the code by showing a green tick or a red cross.
Figure 48 - Feature License Keys
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Chapter 5 - Diagnostics
5.1 IO Diagnostics
Figure 49- I/O Diagnostics
Selecting this option from the main screen will allow some basic reading and writing of
the I/O store registers within the module.
To read a register location, enter an address location, e.g. 10001 (for digital Inputs),
enter a count (number of consecutive registers) and then press the “Read” button
Below the buttons, you will see the returned address location and the returned values
To “Write” to outputs, enter the address location, count, and value and then press the
“Write” button.
You will then see the outputs change to the value you entered.
E.g. Write to Register 1 with a count of 8 and a value of 1 will turn all the Local Digital
Outputs on.
Write to Register 40001 with a count of 2 and a value of 49152 will turn all the Local
Analog Outputs to 20mA.
Note: If when reading a register and getting the symbol “~“ this indicates that the
register has not been written to and so it has no value (not even zero).
Note: if there is a mapping configured and any one of the source register values has a
“~“ the mapping will not be sent (see Error! Reference source not found.“Error!
Reference source not found.” for more details.
A mapping will only be sent when all registers have a value. You can use the Fail Safe
Block Configuration to set an initial value for registers on start-up. This can be done
using the Configuration software or Web based configuration. See Configuration
Supplements for details.
Using the I/O Diagnostics you can check the register locations for these “~“ values and
even write values if required.If when reading the Status of the DIO on the module you
see the value “3”, this indicates that the DIO is being used as an output in the “ON”
state.
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Modbus Error Registers
Each of the Expansion I/O modules have diagnostics registers that can indicate any
Modbus Errors, Codes, Counts, etc.
30017 + Offset = Modbus Error Counter (number of errors the modules has had)
30018 + Offset = Modbus Last Error Code (see Appendix D for codes)
30019 + Offset = Modbus Lost Link Counter (number of Communication Errors)
30020 + Offset = Modbus Module Type

dec 257 (101hex) indicates a 115S-11

dec 513 (201hex) indicates a 115S-12

dec 769 (301hex) indicates a 115S-13
5.2 Connectivity (WibMesh)
The Connectivity webpage displays connections and available networks. The
“Connected Devices” section displays the Destination IP Address, the relaying IP
Address, the number of hops the message is taking through the network, signal strength
and link quality along with some message related information. The readings shown are
based upon the last received data message from the device.
Figure 50 - Connectivity
Note that when updating the Connectivity webpage, ensure the page is current by
refreshing the page. It may be necessary to hold down the <ctrl> key while pressing the
refresh button so as to force the cache to be refreshed.
Description
Dest
Destination IP Address
Next
Next IP Address
Hops
Number of Hops
RSSI
RSSI (Radio Signal Strength Indication) measured in dBm which is a
negative value scaled from -40dBm (good) to -120dBm (bad). RSSI is
displayed for destination addresses, which are direct neighbours. If the
Destination IP is not the next hop, you will see an RSSI value of “~”
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which indicates no direct link to that station.
The LQI is a logarithmic representation of the number of bit errors in the
frame that were corrected by the Forward Error Correction algorithm.
Each data bit is encoded with 7 forward error correction bits, so a 100
byte frame contains 100 * 8 bits / byte * 7 FEC bits/bit = 5600 bits. (see
below this table for details)
Qual
LQI
Description
(Link Quality
Index)
100
No Errors (or better than 1 in 100,000)
80
1 in 10,000 raw bit errors
60
1 in 1000 raw bit errors
40
1 in 100
20
1 in 10.
Flags
Addition indications for this entry
Iface
The connection interface (er0 = Ethernet radio, eth0 = Ethernet LAN)
Age (H:M:S)
This is the timeout of the message in Hours, Minutes, Seconds
LQI (Link Quality Indication)

Because a typical frame is around 80 bytes (4480bits), you should not normally
see any readings between 75 and 99.

Communication becomes unreliable with LQI around 30.

As the LQI drops below 25, nearly every frame will have enough bit errors that
the FEC will no longer be able to recover the original data, so the frame will be
corrupted. Hence you will hardly ever see a reading below 25.

With signal strength (RSSI) -100 dBm or better, the LQI should always read 100.
You should expect LQI readings below 100 with signal strength -105 dBm or
worse.

If you have good signal strength and are getting LQI readings less than 100, this
is a sign of interference, or of a problem with the radio of the unit you are using.
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5.3 Neighbour List (WibMesh)
Figure 51 – Neighbour List
Shows a current list of module IP addresses that the radio can hear.
Shows the time since it was last heard from and the calculated RSSI value.
This page is useful for discovering what signal levels the module has to other sites
within the system including ELPRO modules on different system addresses.
The list will display all received radio messages, even if the message is not directly
communicating to it.
5.4 Neighbour RSSI (WibMesh)
Figure 52 - Neighbour RSSI
Shows the receive signal strength on each of the 50 available channels within the
frequency band. To find out if the path between two neighbouring units has a multipath
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fading issue, enter the radio IP address of the neighbour you wish to view and press
“Get Graph”. After the units have been running for a few minutes, and passing radio
data, the graph will fill with RSSI readings across all of the radio channels in use.
If the graph is approximately flat, i.e. Figure 52 - Neighbour RSSI above then there is no
multipath fading between these units. If the graph shows large dips (typically one or
two) across several channels, there is multipath fading between units. E.g. Figure 53 Multipath Fading below
Figure 53 - Multipath Fading
RSSI is gathered from the normal radio communications from that site. If
communications is spars the graph may take a while to fill all channels. If after some
time the graph is not filling then it may indicate a multipath a communications problem.
The multipath RSSI algorithm calculates a path RSSI that will be used when
establishing mesh links between neighbours. The calculated link RSSI is compared to
the configured RSSI threshold. If the calculated RSSI is stronger than the threshold,
then a link will be established.
Using this calculated path RSSI ensures that the radio data messages have the best
chance of reaching the neighbour once a link is established, taking into account the
multipath fading.
Once a link has been established between two units, the connectivity webpage also
shows the calculated RSSI value.
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5.5 Network Diagnostics (WibMesh)
Figure 54 – Network Diagnostics
Network Diagnostics allows you to check the communications path to other modules
within the system.
There are two options for checking the communications.
Ping
Ping is a standard Network instruction that sends out a small data probe to the IP
address configured letting you know if you have a communication path or not.
You will receive a response for each Ping, which will show a packet size, IP Address,
Sequence number and a time in milliseconds.
Followed by a summary showing the number of packets transmitted, the number of
packets received, any lost packets and the Minimum, Average and Maximum Ping times
in milliseconds.
A Ping can be done on either the Radio Network or Ethernet Network. The ping
command will automatically select the correct network interface according to the
address selected.
Remote IP Address – This is the IP address that you want to Ping
Count / Max Hops – This is the number of Ping probes that are send out. You should
see this many responses come back.
When pinging on the radio network, the response time for the first ping will be longer if
the device needs to establish a network route to the destination.
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Trace Route
Because the modules use the AODV protocol which is a routing protocol capable of
finding its own path through the network it can be difficult to determine the selected
communications path.
“Trace Route” allows the communications path to be traced through the network and
determining how many hops the path is taking to get to the destination.
Figure 55 – Trace Route
The example above shows the response time from the Host to the first IP address
(192.168.0.102) is 874msec, the second IP address (192.168.0.106) is 685msec and
the third IP address (192.168.0.106) is 1373msec.
Each hop is a separate trace route discovery message from the Host device to each
remote IP address and therefore the response times can vary as they are dependent on
network lag times, throughput, interference, etc.
Each Trace Route message is broken down as follows.
1
192.168.2.108
(192.168.2.108)
874 ms
“1” = Hop number
“192.168.2.108” = DNS Name of the device.
“(192.168.2.108)” = IP Address of the device.
“874 ms” = A roundtrip response time (ping) in milliseconds from the Host IP to each
hop point.
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5.6 Network Statistics (WibMesh)
Figure 56 – Network Statistics Period
After enabling the “Gather Statistics” on the Main Network page, this page will display
the average Receive and Transmit traffic throughput over a configured time period.
From the drop down “Stats Period”, select the appropriate sample period then press the
“Read” button.
The following is a list of available sample periods and what will be displayed:
Live, this will display the average Transmit and Receive data through put in kbit/s and
the number of data packets seen on the radio interface (er0), displayed in packet per
minute.
Figure 57 – Network Statistics
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Hourly, this will display a graph showing overall transmit (t) and Receive (r) data on an
hourly scale in accordance with the module Date and time stamp. (“rt” indicate both
Transmit and Receive)
Below the graph is a table showing the average data throughput (in packets) for
transmit and receive and for each hour.
Figure 58 – Hourly Statistics
Daily and Weekly, period shows the average throughput over the daily or weekly time
period.
Also shows the average number of packet received (rx) and Transmitted (tx) as well as
the total.
Average is an estimated value based on the amount of data gathered in the time
available.
Figure 59 –Daily/Weekly Statistics
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5.7 Monitor Comms
5.7.1 WibMesh – Monitor Radio Comms
The Monitor Radio Comms page shows radio communication frames that are received
or transmitted by the radio.
Figure 60 - Monitor Comms
The Table below shows some data frames from the communication log screen above.
Below that is another table explaining each of the field within the data frame.
Corrupted data frames are shown with an “ERROR!” in the frame.
Time
TX/RX
Frequency
Signal
Level
Data
Length
0:18:10.092
Rx :
904.875
-77dBm
( 53)
80 B7 2E A4 C0 38 C4 28 08 00
0:18:10.852
Tx :
906.625
( 62 )
80 1D 2E 9A FF FF 02 01 08 00
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[
30 ]
Data
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Time
TX/RX
Frequency
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Time stamp indicating the time from when the module was turned on.
Indicates whether the message is received or transmitted
Shows the Frequency of the RX/TX frame
Signal
Level
Shows the Receive Signal Level on any received message or internal
sequence number for the transmitted message.
Data
Length
Total length of the transmitted or received message
The TX Data frame from above is dissected below
First two bytes (80 1D) = Frame Flags
Second two bytes (2E 9A) = Network Address
Data
Third two bytes (FF FF) = Destination Address, (FFFF is A broadcast
address)
Fourth two bytes (02 01) = Source Address (Convert each byte to decimal
and they will be the last two bytes of the Radio IP address.)
Fifth two bytes (08 00) = EtherType flag (Internet Protocol, Version 4)
5.7.2 WibMesh - Monitor IP Comms
This option shows the IP communication data frames. From here you can decode the
ELPRO data frame and read the transmitted and received I/O values.
Figure 61 - IP Communication monitoring
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Time
Source IP
Dest IP
Len
Type
Seq
03:02:45.073629
192.168.2.146.51891
192.168.2.143.4370
7
WRITE
9
03:02:45.075693
192.168.2.143.56678
192.168.2.146.4370
1
ACK
9
Time
Header
Source IP
Dest IP
Ack
Dest
Cnt
Val
1
1
11111110
Message Time Stamp – Time from when module was last started
Displays if message is a receive (In) or a transmit (Out) as well as the
type and size of the Ethernet frame
Originating or Source IP Address
Destination IP Address
Len
Total length of ELPRO data
Type
Type of Message, i.e. Write, Read, Gather /Scatter, Etc.
Seq
Sequence number of the message
Ack
Indicates if the Elpro data frame is configured to acknowledge or not
acknowledged. This is configured in each mapping.
Dest
I/O address at the destination – where the data will be written to or read
from.
Cnt
Total I/O count from the “dest” address above
Val
Data values – the number of value will depend on I/O count.
5.7.3 WibNet – Monitor Comms
Figure 62 - WibNet Monitor Comms
The above screen shot shows the Received and Transmitted WibNet data frames.
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The Table below shows an excerpt from the above screen shot.
Data frames are displayed similar to the WibMesh Monitor Radio Comms except the
data is a different format..
Below that is another table explaining each of the field within the data frame.
Corrupted data frames are shown with an “ERROR!” in the frame.
Time
TX/RX
Frequency
Signal
Level
Data
Length
0:06:12.465
Tx :
919.125
[ 1355]
( 11)
3A 03 81 02 00 86 00 01 00 01 ...
0:06:12.545
Rx :
921.125
-56dBm
( 5)
3A 03 81 82 00
Time
TX/RX
Frequency
Data
Time stamp indicating the time from when the module was turned on.
Indicates whether the message is received or transmitted
Shows the Frequency of the RX/TX frame
Signal
Level
Shows the Receive Signal Level on any received message or internal
sequence number for the transmitted message.
Data
Length
Total length of the transmitted or received message
The TX Data frame from above is dissected below
First two bytes (3A 03 ) = System Address
Data
Next 1 to 5 bytes (dynamic) = Unit Address and any repeater addresses. As
the message gets passed to the next address the address gets 128dec
(80hex) added to it which shows the message has passed through the
repeater or been received and acknowledged. You can see in the above
table the fourth byte of the transmitted message shows 02 which changes
to 82 on the received message and indicates the acknowledgment back
from the receiving module.
fifth byte (00) = Zero Byte spacer
sixth byte (86) = Frame Flag – Type of message
The rest shows the message count and values.
For a full breakdown of the protocol contact Elpro Technologies.
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5.8 Statistics (WibMesh & WibNet)
The Statistics webpage is used for advanced debugging of 915U-2. This webpage
details the state of the 915U-2 and performance information.
The page is useful to ELPRO technical support personnel in diagnosing problems with
the module.
Note that when updating the Statistics webpage, it is necessary to hold down the <ctrl>
key while pressing the refresh button. Otherwise, the information will not be updated.
The WibMesh and WibNet Statistics pages are slightly different however they provide
the same sort of statistical information on the module and communications.
Figure 63 – Module Statistics
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Chapter 6 - Specifications
6.1 Specifications
EMC specification
Radio specification
Emission designator
Hazardous Spec
Pollution Degree
Maximum Altitude
IP Rating
Installation Category
Housing
Mounting
Terminal blocks
LED indication
Operating Temp
Humidity
Weight
Power Supply
Battery supply
AC Supply
Analog Loop Supply
Static Current Drain
TX Current drain
Batt charging current
Operating Frequency
Channels / Hop-sets
Line of Site Range
Antenna Connector
Radio data rate
General
FCC Part 15
EN 300 683
AS 3548
FCC Part 15.427
AS 4268.2
RFS29 NZ
160KF1D
FCC Part 90
89/336/EEC
Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D; Tamb -40˚C to +60˚C
2
2000m
IP40
2
High Density Thermo-Plastic
5.91”x 7.09” x 1.38” (170 x 150 x 33 mm)
DIN Rail mounting
Removable Terminals up to 12 gauge (2.5mm2) conductors
Power, RF, RS232, and RS485 serial, I/O. Ethernet Link and
100Mbit indication
-40 to +140 °F, -40 to +60°C,
99% RH non-condensing
1.1 lb (500gm)
1.3lb (600gm) boxed
Power Supply
15 to 30VDC
Overvoltage and Reverse
voltage protected
12 to 15VDC
N/A
24VDC 100mA
220mA
500mA
1.0 Amp nominal @ 25°C
Radio Transceiver
902 – 928 MHz
50 channels, 2 hop sets
15 mile LOS (USA / Canada) 12km LOS (Australia / NZ)
SMA Female
19200 baud
Transmitter
Transmit power
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1W
USA/Canada 4W EIRP
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Modulation
Page 89
1W
FSK
Australia / NZ 1W EIRP
Receiver
RX Sensitivity
-109dBm
FER = 12%
Serial Ports
RS232 Port
RJ45
RS485 Port
2 pin terminal block
Data rates
110 – 230400 baud
Parity
Stop Bits
DIO
DI On-state Voltage
Wetting Current
Max I/P Pulse Rate
Min I/P Pulse Width
DO Max voltage
DO Max current
Max Pulse out Rate
Analog Input
Current Range
Current Resolution
Voltage Range
Voltage Resolution
Input Impedance
AI1, AI2 (to common)
Input Impedance
AI3, AI4 (to +V)
Input Impedance (I)
Calibrated Accuracy
Analog Output
Current Range
Current Resolution
Calibrated Accuracy
Encryption
User Configuration
Page 89
to EIA-562 specification
Odd, Even, None.
1,2,
Digital Inputs/Outputs
8x
<2.1VDC
5mA
DI 1 & 2 = 50KHz, DI 3 & 4 = 1KHz
DI 1 & 2 = 10uSec using TTL pulsed inputs up to 50Khz,
DI 3 & 4 = 0.2msec using TTL pulsed inputs up to 1Khz
30VDC
200mA
1 KHz
Analog Input / Outputs
2 x Differential
2 x Single Ended
0-24mA
0-24mA
14bit
13bit
AI 1 & 2 = 0-25V
AI 3 & 4 = 0-5V
13bits
55K ohm
25 K ohm
100 ohm
0.1%
2 x 24mA sourcing outputs
0-24mA
13 bits
0.1%
System Parameters
ELPRO 64 bit Proprietary
128 bit AES
Web page and Software Configuration
User Manual
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Appendix A: dBm to mW conversion table
dBm to mW Conversion
Watts
dBm
Watts
dBm
10 mW
10 dBm
200 mW
23 dBm
13 mW
11 dBm
316 mW
25 dBm
16 mW
12 dBm
398 mW
26 dBm
20 mW
13 dBm
500 mW
27 dBm
25 mW
14 dBm
630 mW
28 dBm
32 mW
15 dBm
800 mW
29 dBm
40 mW
16 dBm
1.0 W
30 dBm
50 mW
17 dBm
1.3 W
31 dBm
63 mW
18 dBm
1.6 W
32 dBm
80 mW
19 dBm
2.0 W
33 dBm
100 mW
20 dBm
2.5 W
34 dBm
126 mW
21 dBm
3.2 W
35 dBm
158 mW
22 dBm
4.0 W
36 dBm
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Appendix B: I/O Store Registers
6.1.1 “Output Coils”
0001
0008
0009
0020
Local DIO1 – DIO8 (as Outputs) at address 1-8.
Spare
0021
Locally attached 115S modules DIO Outputs
0040
(See 115S detail below)
0041
0500
0501
3000
3001
10000
(space for up to 24 115S modules – 20 registers for each module)
General Purpose Bit Storage – Used for:
Staging area for data concentrator
Fieldbus Mappings storage
Force Mapping registers (assigned in Config)
Not Available
6.1.2 “Input Bits”
10001
Local DIO1 – DIO8 (as inputs) at address 1-8.
10008
10009
10020
Setpoint status from Analog inputs 1 through 12.
10021
Locally attached 115S modules DIO Inputs
10040
(See 115S detail below)
10041
10500
(space for up to 24 115S modules)
10501
WIBMesh - General Purpose Bit Storage: Staging area for data
concentrator Fieldbus Mappings storage
10595
WIBNet - Remote Comms Fail Indication – corresponds to unit
address, e.g. Remote Address 1 - 95
10596
12500
Page 91
Continuation of General Purpose Bit Storage: Staging area for data
concentrator Fieldbus Mappings storage
User Manual
Page 92
12501
30000
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Not Available
6.1.3 “Input Registers”
30001
Local AI1 – AI4. (Current Mode)
30004
( AI1, AI2 4-20mA differential, AI3, AI4 4-20mA Sink)
30005
Local Supply voltage (8-40V scaling)
30006
Local Battery voltage
30007
Local 24V loop voltage
30008
115S Supply Voltage
30009
Local AI1 – AI4. (Voltage Mode)
30012
( AI1, AI2 0-10V, AI3, AI4 0-5V)
30013
30016
30018
30020
Local Pulse rate inputs PI1 – PI4
Spare
30021
Locally attached 115smodules
30040
(See 115S detail below)
30041
30500
30501
32500
32501
36000
(space for up to 24 115S modules)
General Purpose word Storage – Used for:
Staging area for data concentrator
Fieldbus Mappings storage
Not Available
36001
Local Pulsed inputs 1-4.Big Endian Format.
36008
Most significant word at lower / odd address.
36009
36040
36041
38000
38001
spare
Not Available
Local Analog inputs as floating point values
Modscan Format (Sign + Exponent + Most significant 7 bits of
Page 92
User Manual
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Page 93
Significand at Even / Higher Addressed location. Lower 16 bits of
Significand at lower / Odd addressed location)
38032
38033 - 38040
32501
40000
(12.3 => 38001=CCCD, 38002=4144)
Spare space for floating point values
Not Available
6.1.4 “Holding Registers”
40001
40002
40003
40020
Local AO1 – AO2
Spare
40021
Locally attached 115S modules
40040
(See 115S detail below)
40041
40500
(space for up to 24 115S modules)
40501
General Purpose word Storage – Used for:
Staging area for data concentrator
42500
42501
46000
Fieldbus Mappings storage
Not Available
46001
Local Pulsed Outputs 1-4. Big Endian Format.
46008
Most significant word at lower / odd address.
46009
46040
46041
48000
48001
Spare 32 bit registers
Not Available
Local Analog outputs as floating point values
Modscan Format (Sign + Exponent + Most significant 7 bits of
significand at Even / Higher Addressed location. Lower 16 bits of
significand at lower / Odd addressed location)
48004
Page 93
(12.3 => 48001=0xCCCD, 48002=0x4144)
User Manual
Page 94
48005
48040
48041
onwards
Page 94
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Spare space for floating point values
Not Available
User Manual
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Page 95
Appendix C: Expansion I/O Store Registers
To calculate the I/O Store register you need to find the address of the I/O
point from the module tables below and then add the offset.
The Offset is the Modbus address multiplied by 20.
E.g1. Digital input #1 on an 115S-11 with address 5 would be: (5x20) +10001 =
10101
E.g2. Digital output #2 on an 115S-11 with address 6 would be: (6x20) +2 = 122
E.g3. Analog input #3 on an 115S-12 with address 3 would be: (3x20) +30003 =
30063.
E.g4. Analog Output #8 on an 115S-13 with address # 7 would be: (7x20) + 40007 =
40147
6.1.5 I/O store for a 115S-11 Expansion I/O module
0001 + Offset
DIO Outputs 1 - 16
0016 + Offset
10001 + Offset
DIO Inputs 1 - 16
10016 + Offset
10019 + Offset
Modbus Error indication for this 115S module
10020 + Offset
Detected indication for this 115S module
30001 + Offset
30004 + Offset
30005 + Offset
30012 + Offset
115S-11 pulsed input rate 1 – 4
115S-11 Pulsed input count
30017 + Offset
Modbus Error Counter for this 115S module
30018 + Offset
Modbus Last Error Code for this 115S module
30019 + Offset
Modbus Lost Link Counter for this 115S module
30020 + Offset
Module type (0x0101) = 257. / Error Status
40009 + Offset
40016 + Offset
Page 95
Pulsed Output target 1 – 8 (1 register per pulsed output)
User Manual
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
6.1.6 I/O store for a 115S-12 Expansion I/O module
0001 + Offset
DIO Outputs 1 - 8
0008 + Offset
10001 + Offset
DIO Inputs 1 - 8
10008 + Offset
10019 + Offset
Modbus Error indication for 115S module
10020 + Offset
Detected indication for this 115S module
30001 + Offset
30008 + Offset
Inputs AIN 1 – AIN8
30017 + Offset
Modbus Error Counter for this 115S module
30018 + Offset
Modbus Last Error Code for this 115S module
30019 + Offset
Modbus Lost Link Counter for this 115S module
30020 + Offset
Module type (0x0201) = 513. / Error Status
40009 + Offset
40016 + Offset
Pulsed Output target 1 – 8 (1 register per output)
6.1.7 I/O store for a 115S-13 Expansion I/O module
0001 + Offset
DIO Outputs 1 - 8
0008 + Offset
10001 + Offset
DIO Inputs 1 - 8
10008 + Offset
10019 + Offset
Modbus Error indication for 115S module
10020 + Offset
Detected indication for this 115S module
30017 + Offset
Modbus Error Counter for this 115S module
30018 + Offset
Modbus Last Error Code for this 115S module
30019 + Offset
Modbus Lost Link Counter for this 115S module
30020 + Offset
Module type (0x0301) = 769. / Error Status
40001 + Offset
40008 + Offset
40009 + Offset
40016 + Offset
Page 96
Analog Output 1 – 8
Pulsed Output target 1 – 8 (1 register per pulsed output)
User Manual
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Page 97
Appendix D: Modbus Error Codes
Code
Name
Meaning
Illegal
Function
The function code received in the query is not an allowable
action for the server (or slave). This may be because the
function code is only applicable to newer devices, and was not
implemented in the unit selected. It could also indicate that the
server (or slave) is in the wrong state to process a request of
this type.
Illegal Data
Address
The data address received in the query is not an allowable
address for the server (or slave). More specifically, the
combination of reference number and transfer length is invalid.
For a controller with 100 registers, the PDU addresses the first
register as 0, and the last one as 99. If a request is submitted
with a starting register address of 96 with a quantity of 4
registers, then this request will successfully operate on
registers 96, 97, 98, 99. If a request is submitted with a starting
register address of 96 and a quantity of registers of 5, then this
request will fail with Exception Code 0x02 “Illegal Data
Address”.
03
Illegal Data
Value
A value contained in the query data field is not an allowable
value for server (or slave). This indicates a fault in the structure
of the remainder of a complex request, such as that the implied
length is incorrect. It specifically does NOT mean that a data
item submitted for storage in a register has a value outside the
expectation of the application program, since the MODBUS
protocol is unaware of the significance of any particular value
of any particular register.
04
Slave Device
Failure
An unrecoverable error occurred while the server (or slave)
was attempting to perform the requested action.
0
02
Specialized use in conjunction with programming commands.
05
Acknowledge
The server (or slave) has accepted the request and is
processing it, but a long duration of time will be required to do
so. This response is returned to prevent a timeout error from
occurring in the client (or master).
Specialized use in conjunction with programming commands.
06
Slave Device
Busy
08
Memory
Parity Error
Page 97
The server (or slave) is engaged in processing a long–duration
program command. The client (or master) should retransmit
the message later when the server (or slave) is free.
Specialized use in conjunction with function codes 20 and 21
and reference type 6, to indicate that the extended file area
failed to pass a consistency check.
User Manual
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
Appendix E: Module I/O Registers
I/O
Digital I/O 1
Digital I/O 2
Digital I/O 3
Digital I/O 4
Digital I/O 5
Digital I/O 6
Digital I/O 7
Digital I/O 8
Analog Input 1
Analog Input 2
Analog Input 3
Analog Input 4
Analog Input 5
Analog Input 6
Analog Input 7
Analog Input 8
Analog Input 9
Analog Input 10
Analog Input 11
Analog Input 12
Analog Input 13
Analog Input 14
Analog Input 15
Analog Input 16
Analog Setpoint 1
Analog Setpoint 2
Analog Setpoint 3
Analog Setpoint 4
Analog Setpoint 5
Analog Setpoint 6
Analog Setpoint 7
Analog Setpoint 8
Analog Setpoint 9
Page 98
Description
Input
Output
Digital Input/Output 1
10001
1
Digital Input/Output 2
10002
2
Digital Input/Output 3
10003
3
Digital Input/Output 4
10004
4
Digital Input/Output 5
10005
5
Digital Input/Output 6
10006
6
Digital Input/Output 7
10007
7
Digital Input/Output 8
10008
8
Analog input 1 mA
30001
Analog input 2 mA
30002
Analog input 3 mA
30003
Analog input 4 mA
30004
Local Supply Voltage
30005
Local +24V Loop Supply
30006
Local Battery Voltage
30007
Local 115S Supply Voltage
30008
Analog Input 1 Volts
30009
Analog Input 2 Volts
30010
Analog Input 3 Volts
30011
Analog Input 4 Volts
30012
Pulsed Input Rate 1
30013
Pulsed Input Rate 2
30014
Pulsed Input Rate 3
30015
Pulsed Input Rate 4
30016
Analog Setpoint 1
10009
Analog Setpoint 2
10010
Analog Setpoint 3
10011
Analog Setpoint 4
10012
Analog Setpoint 5
10013
Analog Setpoint 6
10014
Analog Setpoint 7
10015
Analog Setpoint 8
10016
Analog Setpoint 9
10017
User Manual
915U-2 Wireless I/O
Analog Setpoint 10
Analog Setpoint 11
Analog Setpoint 12
Analog Output 1
Analog Output 2
Pulsed Input 1 Count
Pulsed Input 2 Count
Pulsed Input 3 Count
Pulsed Input 4 Count
Pulsed Input 1 Rate
Pulsed Input 2 Rate
Pulsed Input 3 Rate
Pulsed Input 4 Rate
Pulsed Output 1 Count
Pulsed Output 2 Count
Pulsed Output 3 Count
Pulsed Output 4 Count
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Analog I/P Floating Point
Page 99
Page 99
Analog Setpoint 10
10018
Analog Setpoint 11
10019
Analog Setpoint 12
10020
Analog Output 1
40001
Analog Output 2
40002
Pulsed Input Count 1
36001-36002
Pulsed Input Count 2
36003-36004
Pulsed Input Count 3
36005-36006
Pulsed Input Count 4
36007-36008
Pulsed Input Rate 1
30013
Pulsed Input Rate 2
30014
Pulsed Input Rate 3
30015
Pulsed Input Rate 4
30016
Pulsed Output Count 1
46001-46002
Pulsed Output Count 2
46003-46004
Pulsed Output Count 3
46005-46006
Pulsed Output Count 4
46007-46008
(FP) Analog input 1
38001-38002
(FP) Analog input 2
38003-38004
(FP) Analog input 3
38005-38006
(FP) Analog input 4
38007-38008
(FP) Analog input 5
38009-38010
(FP) Analog input 6
38011-38012
(FP) Analog input 7
38013-38014
(FP) Analog input 8
38015-38016
(FP) Analog input 9
38017-38018
(FP) Analog input 10
38019-38020
(FP) Analog input 11
38021-38022
(FP) Analog input 12
38023-38024
(FP) Analog input 13
38025-38026
(FP) Analog input 14
38027-38028
(FP) Analog input 15
38029-38030
(FP) Analog input 16
38031-38032
(FP) Analog Output 1
48001
(FP) Analog Output 2
48002
(FP) Analog Output 3
48003
(FP) Analog Output 4
48004
User Manual
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
6.1.8 115S Serial Expansion Modules I/O Registers
115S-11
Description
115S-12
115S-13
Inputs
Outputs
Inputs
Outputs
Inputs
Outputs
Digital I/O 1
Digital I/O 2
Digital I/O 3
Digital I/O 4
Digital I/O 5
Digital I/O 6
Digital I/O 7
Digital I/O 8
Digital I/O 9
Digital I/O 10
Digital I/O 11
Digital I/O 12
Digital I/O 13
Digital I/O 14
10001
1
10001
1
10001
1
10002
2
10002
2
10002
2
10003
3
10003
3
10003
3
10004
4
10004
4
10004
4
10005
5
10005
5
10005
5
10006
6
10006
6
10006
6
10007
7
10007
7
10007
7
10008
8
10008
8
10008
8
10009
9
10010
10
10011
11
10012
12
10013
13
10014
14
Digital I/O 15
Digital I/O 16
Analog I/O 1
Analog I/O 2
Analog I/O 3
Analog I/O 4
Analog I/O 5
Analog I/O 6
Analog I/O 7
Analog I/O 8
Pulsed I/O Count 1
Pulsed I/O Count 2
Pulsed I/O Count 3
Pulsed I/O Count 4
10015
15
10016
16
Pulsed I/O Count 5
Pulsed I/O Count 6
Pulsed I/O Count 7
Pulsed I/O Count 8
Pulsed I/O Rate 1
Page 100
30001
40001
30002
40002
30003
40003
30004
40004
30005
40005
30006
40006
30007
40007
30008
40008
30017-30018
30009
30009
30009
30019-30020
30010
30010
30010
30020-30022
30011
30011
30011
30023-30024
30012
30012
30012
30013
30013
30013
30014
30014
30014
30015
30015
30015
30016
30016
30016
30001
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Page 101
Pulsed I/O Rate 2
Pulsed I/O Rate 3
Pulsed I/O Rate 4
Supply Voltage
30002
30033
30033
30033
Analog Loop Supply
30034
30034
30034
30003
30004
All Expansion I/O is calculated by adding the „Offset‟ to the I/O address in the table.
The „Offset is calculated by multiplying the module address by 20, Eg.
Digital input #1 on an 115S-11 (Address 5) would be: (5x20) + 10001 = 10100
Digital output #2 on an 115S-11 (Address 6) would be: (6x20) + 2 = 121
Analog input #3 on an 115S-12 (Address 3) would be: (3x20) + 30003 = 30063.
Analog Output #7 on an 115S-13 (Address 7) would be: (7x20) + 40007 = 40147
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915U-2 Wireless I/O
6.2 GNU Free Document Licence
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
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users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose
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derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE
EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.
SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER,
OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA
BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM
TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
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User Manual
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