Topcon GR-3 Operator's Manual

'2
/PERATORlS-ANUAL
P O S I T I O N I N G
S Y S T E M S
GR-3
Operator’s Manual
Part Number 7010-0736
Rev B
©Copyright Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.
August, 2007
All contents in this manual are copyrighted by Topcon. All rights reserved.
The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied, stored,
displayed, sold, modified, published, distributed, or otherwise reproduced
without express written consent from Topcon.
Topcon only sells GPS products into Precision Markets.
Please go to www.topcongps.com for detailed market information.
ECO#3041
TOC
Table of Contents
Preface .................................................................. v
Terms and Conditions ...................................................... v
Manual Conventions ........................................................ viii
Chapter 1
Introduction .......................................................... 1-1
Principles of Operation ....................................................
GNSS Overview ........................................................
Receiver Overview ....................................................
Getting Acquainted ..........................................................
Batteries .....................................................................
GR-3 Receiver ...........................................................
Cables ........................................................................
Other Accessories ......................................................
Optional Accessories .................................................
Option Authorization File (OAF) ....................................
1-2
1-2
1-6
1-7
1-8
1-10
1-19
1-21
1-22
1-26
Chapter 2
Pre-survey Preparation ........................................ 2-1
Installing Topcon Software ..............................................
Installing PC-CDU ....................................................
Installing Modem-TPS ..............................................
Installing BTCONF ...................................................
Installing FLoader .....................................................
Installing the Optional SD and SIM Cards ......................
Charging the Batteries .....................................................
Power Management .........................................................
Powering the Receiver .....................................................
Using the Detachable Batteries .................................
Using an Auxiliary Power Source .............................
Turning On/Off the Receiver ....................................
Connecting the Receiver and a Computer .......................
P/N 7010-0736
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-9
2-11
2-14
2-15
2-17
2-19
2-20
i
Table of Contents
Establishing a Wireless Connection ..........................
Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection .................
Establishing a USB Connection .................................
Bluetooth Module Configuration .....................................
Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides ............................
2-20
2-22
2-22
2-23
2-26
Chapter 3
GR-3 Configuration .............................................. 3-1
Configuring the Radio Modem ........................................
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio Modem ...............
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio with a
GSM Modem ................................................................
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio Modem .....................
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a
GSM Radio Modem ......................................................
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a
CDMA Modem .............................................................
Setting Up an Account ...............................................
Activating the Internal CDMA Modem .....................
Configuring the Receiver .................................................
MINTER Configuration ...................................................
3-3
3-4
3-10
3-13
3-17
3-19
3-20
3-23
3-25
3-35
Chapter 4
GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey ....................... 4-1
Receiver Setup ..................................................................
Step 1: Set up the Receivers ......................................
Step 2: Measure Antenna Height ...............................
Step 3: Collect Data ...................................................
MINTER Operation ..........................................................
Static Surveying for Base Stations ...................................
Kinematic (Stop & Go) Surveying for Rover Stations ....
Real Time Kinematic Surveying ......................................
4-1
4-1
4-4
4-7
4-8
4-11
4-12
4-13
Chapter 5
Receiver and File Maintenance .......................... 5-1
Downloading Files to a Computer ................................... 5-1
Downloading Files via Topcon Link ......................... 5-2
Downloading Files via PC-CDU ............................... 5-6
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Table of Contents
Deleting Files from the Receiver’s SD Card ...................
Managing Receiver Memory ...........................................
Managing Receiver Options ............................................
Checking the Receiver’s OAF ..................................
Loading an OAF ........................................................
Clearing the NVRAM ......................................................
Using the MINTER to Clear the NVRAM ...............
Using PC-CDU to Clear the NVRAM ......................
Changing Receiver Modes ...............................................
Entering Extended Information Mode ......................
Sleep (Off) Mode ......................................................
Loading New Firmware ...................................................
Loading Receiver and Power Board Firmware .........
Loading Bluetooth Module Firmware .......................
5-8
5-9
5-10
5-10
5-12
5-13
5-13
5-14
5-14
5-14
5-16
5-16
5-18
5-21
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting ................................................... 6-1
Check This First! .............................................................
Troubleshooting Quick List .............................................
Powering Problems ..........................................................
Receiver Problems ...........................................................
Bluetooth Problems .........................................................
Modem-TPS Problems .....................................................
TX RX LED Blink Pattern on Error Conditions .............
Obtaining Technical Support ...........................................
Phone .........................................................................
E-mail ........................................................................
Website ......................................................................
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-10
6-13
6-14
6-15
6-15
6-16
6-17
Appendix A
Specifications ....................................................... A-1
Receiver Specifications ...................................................
General Details ..........................................................
GPS Board Details ....................................................
Bluetooth Module Details .........................................
Internal TPS Spread Spectrum Modem Details ........
Digital UHF Modem General Specifications ..................
Digital UHF Transmitter Specifications ..........................
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A-2
A-2
A-7
A-8
A-9
A-10
A-11
iii
Table of Contents
Digital UHF Receiver Specifications ...............................
Radio (Modem) RF Connector ..................................
Power Connector .......................................................
Serial C-RS232 Connector ........................................
USB Connector ..........................................................
A-11
A-12
A-12
A-13
A-14
Appendix B
Safety Warnings ................................................... B-1
General Warnings ............................................................. B-1
Battery Pack Warnings ..................................................... B-2
Usage Warnings ............................................................... B-3
Appendix C
Regulatory Information ....................................... C-1
UHF Radio Usage ............................................................
FCC Compliance ..............................................................
Community of Europe Compliance ..................................
Canadian Emission Labeling Requirements ....................
WEEE Directive ...............................................................
C-1
C-2
C-3
C-3
C-3
Appendix D
Warranty Terms ................................................... D-1
iv
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Preface
Preface
Thank you for purchasing this Topcon product. The materials
available in this Manual (the “Manual”) have been prepared by
Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. (“TPS”) for owners of Topcon
products, and are designed to assist owners with the use of the
receiver and its use is subject to these terms and conditions (the
“Terms and Conditions”).
NOTICE
Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.
Terms and Conditions
USE This product is designed to be used by a professional. The user
should have a good knowledge of the safe use of the product and
implement the types of safety procedures recommended by the local
government protection agency for both private use and commercial
job sites.
COPYRIGHT All information contained in this Manual is the
intellectual property of, and copyrighted material of TPS. All rights
are reserved. Do not use, access, copy, store, display, create derivative
works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any third party
access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this Manual
without TPS’ express written consent and may only use such
information for the care and operation of your receiver. The
information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of TPS and
are developed by the expenditure of considerable work, time and
money, and are the result of original selection, coordination and
arrangement by TPS.
P/N 7010-0736
v
Preface
TRADEMARKS GR-3™, Topcon Tools™, Topcon Link™,
TopSURV™, Modem-TPS™, Topcon® and Topcon Positioning
Systems™ are trademarks or registered trademarks of TPS.
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. The
Bluetooth® word mark and logos are owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc.
and any use of such marks by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. is
used under license. Other product and company names mentioned
herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY EXCEPT FOR ANY
WARRANTIES IN AN APPENDIX OR A WARRANTY CARD
ACCOMPANYING THE PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE
RECEIVER ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER
WARRANTIES. TPS DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
USE OR PURPOSE. TPS AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL NOT
BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR
OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE
FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL
OR THE RECEIVER. SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES
INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF TIME, LOSS
OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF PROFIT, SAVINGS OR
REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT’S USE. IN ADDITION
TPS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR
COSTS INCURRED IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING
SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE, CLAIMS BY
OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY
EVENT, TPS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OR
OTHERWISE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY
IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE RECEIVER.
LICENSE AGREEMENT Use of any computer programs or software
supplied by TPS or downloaded from a TPS website (the “Software”)
in connection with the receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms
and Conditions in this Manual and an agreement to abide by these
Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non-exclusive,
non-transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated
herein and in any case only with a single receiver or single computer.
vi
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Terms and Conditions
You may not assign or transfer the Software or this license without
the express written consent of TPS. This license is effective until
terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying
the Software and Manual. TPS may terminate the license if you fail to
comply with any of the Terms or Conditions. You agree to destroy the
Software and manual upon termination of your use of the receiver. All
ownership, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to
the Software belong to TPS. If these license terms are not acceptable,
return any unused software and manual.
CONFIDENTIALITY This Manual, its contents and the Software
(collectively, the “Confidential Information”) are the confidential and
proprietary information of TPS. You agree to treat TPS’ Confidential
Information with a degree of care no less stringent that the degree of
care you would use in safeguarding your own most valuable trade
secrets. Nothing in this paragraph shall restrict you from disclosing
Confidential Information to your employees as may be necessary or
appropriate to operate or care for the receiver. Such employees must
also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the event you
become legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential
Information, you shall give TPS immediate notice so that it may seek a
protective order or other appropriate remedy.
WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS No statement contained at the
TPS website (or any other website) or in any other advertisements or
TPS literature or made by an employee or independent contractor of
TPS modifies these Terms and Conditions (including the Software
license, warranty and limitation of liability).
SAFETY Improper use of the receiver can lead to injury to persons or
property and/or malfunction of the product. The receiver should only
be repaired by authorized TPS warranty service centers. Users should
review and heed the safety warnings in an Appendix.
MISCELLANEOUS The above Terms and Conditions may be
amended, modified, superseded, or canceled, at any time by TPS. The
above Terms and Conditions will be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of California, without reference
to conflict of laws.
P/N 7010-0736
vii
Preface
Manual Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
Example
Description
File Exit
Connection
Frequency
Enter
NOTE
TIP
NOTICE
CAUTION
viii
Click the File menu, and click Exit.
Indicates the name of a dialog box or screen.
Indicates a field on a dialog box or screen, or a tab
within a dialog box or screen.
Press or click the button or key labeled Enter.
Further information to note about the configuration,
maintenance, or setup of a system.
Supplementary information that can help you
configure, maintain, or set up a system.
Supplementary information that can have an affect
on system operation, system performance,
measurements, or personal safety.
Notification that an action has the potential to
adversely affect system operation, system
performance, data integrity, or personal health.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Manual Conventions
WARNING
DANGER
P/N 7010-0736
Notification that an action will result in system
damage, loss of data, loss of warranty, or personal
injury.
Under no circumstances should this action be
performed.
ix
Preface
Notes:
x
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Chapter 1
Introduction
The GR-3 receiver is a multi-frequency, GPS+ receiver built to be the
most advanced and compact receiver for the surveying market. The
receiver is a multi-function, multi-purpose receiver intended for
precision markets. Precision markets means markets for equipment,
subsystems, components and software for surveying, construction,
commercial mapping, civil engineering, precision agriculture and
land-based construction and agriculture machine control,
photogrammetry mapping, hydrographic and any use reasonably
related to the foregoing.
The GR-3 can receive and processes multiple signal types (including
the latest GPS L2C, GPS L5, GLONASS C/A L2, and GALILEO
signals) improving the accuracy and reliability of the survey points
and positions, especially under difficult jobsite conditions. The multifrequency and GPS+ features of the receiver combine to provide a
positioning system accurate for any survey. Several other features,
including multipath mitigation, provide under-canopy and low signal
strength reception. The receiver provides the functionality, accuracy,
availability, and integrity needed for fast and easy data collection.
FUNCTION
Figure 1-1. GR-3 Receiver
P/N 7010-0736
1-1
Introduction
Principles of Operation
Surveying with the right GPS receiver can provide users accurate and
precise positioning, a requirement for any surveying project.
This section gives an overview of existing and proposed Global
Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and receiver functions so that
basic operating principles can be applied.
GNSS Overview
Currently, the following three global navigation satellite systems
(GNSS) offer line-of-site radio navigation and positioning, velocity,
and time services on a global, all-weather scale to any user equipped
with a GNSS tracking receiver on or near the Earth’s surface:
• GPS – the Global Positioning System maintained and operated by
the United States Department of Defense. For information on the
status of this system, visit the US Naval Observatory website
(http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/) or the US Coast Guard website
(http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/).
• GLONASS – the Global Navigation Satellite System maintained
and operated by the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. For
information on the status of this system, visit the Coordinational
Scientific Information Center website (http://www.glonassianc.rsa.ru/).
• GALILEO – an upcoming global positioning system maintained
and operated by European Satellite Navigation Industries, a joint
venture of several European space agencies/companies working
closely with the European Space Agency. Unlike GPS and
GLONASS, this is a civil endeavor and is currently in the
development and validation stage. For information on the status
of this system, visit the European Satellite Navigation Industries
website (http://www.european-satellite-navigationindustries.net).
Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of
these systems, satellite positioning systems have three essential
components:
1-2
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Principles of Operation
• Space – GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO satellites orbit
approximately 12,000 nautical miles above Earth and are
equipped with a clock and radio. These satellites broadcast
ranging signals and various digital information (ephemerides,
almanacs, time and frequency corrections, and so forth).
• Control – Ground stations located around the Earth that monitor
the satellites and upload data, including clock corrections and
new ephemerides (satellite positions as a function of time), to
ensure the satellites transmit data properly.
• User – The community and military that use GNSS receivers to
calculate positions.
Calculating Absolute Positions
When calculating an absolute position, a stationary or moving
receiver determines its three-dimensional position with respect to the
origin of an Earth-Center Earth-Fixed coordinate system. To calculate
this position, the receiver measures the distance (called pseudoranges) between it and at least four satellites. The measured pseudoranges are corrected for clock differences (receiver and satellites) and
signal propagation delays due to atmospheric effects. The positions of
the satellites are computed from the ephemeris data transmitted to the
receiver in navigation messages. When using a single satellite system,
the minimum number of satellites needed to compute a position is
four. In a mixed satellite scenario (GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO), the
receiver must lock onto five or more satellites to account for the
different time scales used in these systems and to obtain an absolute
position.
Calculating Differential Positions
DGPS, or Differential GPS, is a relative positioning technique where
the measurements from two or more remote receivers are combined
and processed using sophisticated algorithms to calculate the
receivers’ relative coordinates with high accuracy.
DGPS accommodates various implementation techniques that can be
classified according to the following criteria:
P/N 7010-0736
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Introduction
• The type of GNSS measurements used, either code-phase
differential measurements or carrier-phase differential
measurements
• If real-time or post-mission results required
Real-time applications can be further divided according to the
source of differential data and communication link used.
With DGPS in its most traditional approach, one receiver is placed at
a known, surveyed location and is referred to as the reference receiver
or base station. Another receiver is placed at an unknown location and
is referred to as the remote receiver or rover. The reference station
collects the code-phase and carrier-phase measurements from each
GNSS satellite in view.
• For real-time applications, these measurements and the reference
station coordinates are then built up to the industry standard
RTCM—or various proprietary standards established for
transmitting differential data—and broadcast to the remote
receiver(s) using a data communication link. The remote receiver
applies the transmitted measurement information to its observed
measurements of the same satellites.
• For post-mission applications, the simultaneous measurements
from reference and rover stations are normally recorded to the
receiver’s internal memory (not sent over communication link).
Later, the data are downloaded to computer, combined, and
processed.
Using this technique, the spatially correlated errors—such as
satellite orbital errors, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric
errors—can be significantly reduced, thus improving the position
solution accuracy.
A number of differential positioning implementations exist, including
post-processing surveying, real-time kinematic surveying, maritime
radio beacons, geostationary satellites (as with the OmniSTAR
service), and satellite based augmentation systems (WAAS, EGNOS,
MSAS).
The real-time kinematic (RTK) method is the most precise method of
real-time surveying. RTK requires at least two receivers collecting
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Principles of Operation
navigation data and communication data link between the receivers.
One of the receivers is usually at a known location (Base) and the
other is at an unknown location (Rover). The Base receiver collects
carrier phase measurements, generates RTK corrections, and sends
this data to the Rover receiver. The Rover processes this transmitted
data with its own carrier phase observations to compute its relative
position with high accuracy, achieving an RTK accuracy of up to 1 cm
horizontal and 1.5 cm vertical.
Essential Components for Quality Surveying
Achieving quality position results requires the following elements:
• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position primarily depends upon
the satellite geometry (Geometric Dilution of Precision, or
GDOP) and the measurement (ranging) errors.
– Differential positioning (DGPS and RTK) strongly mitigates
atmospheric and orbital errors, and counteracts Selective
Availability (SA) signals the US Department of Defense
transmits with GPS signals.
– The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower
the DOP number, the higher positioning accuracy.
• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation
of valid positions. The more visible satellites available, the more
valid and accurate the position. Natural and man-made objects
can block, interrupt, and distort signals, lowering the number of
available satellites and adversely affecting signal reception.
• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater
integrity, increasing accuracy. Several factors combine to provide
fault tolerance, including:
– Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) detects
faulty GNSS satellites and removes them from the position
calculation.
– Five or more visible satellites for only GPS or only
GLONASS; six or more satellites for mixed scenarios.
– Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, and
so on) creates and transmit, along with DGPS corrections,
P/N 7010-0736
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Introduction
data integrity information (for example, satellite health
warnings).
– Current ephemerides and almanacs.
Conclusion
This overview simply outlines the basics of satellite positioning. For
more detailed information, visit the TPS website.
Receiver Overview
When power is turned on and the receiver self-test completes, the
receiver’s 72 channels initialize and begin tracking visible satellites.
Each of the receiver’s channels can be used to track any one of the
GPS, GLONASS, or GALILEO signals. The number of channels
available allows the receiver to track all visible global positioning
satellites at any time and location.
An internal GPS+ antenna equipped with a low noise amplifier (LNA)
and the receiver’s radio frequency (RF) device are connected with a
coaxial cable. The wide-band signal received is down-converted,
filtered, digitized, and assigned to different channels. The receiver
processor controls the process of signal tracking.
Once the signal is locked in the channel, it is demodulated and
necessary signal parameters (carrier and code phases) are measured.
Also, broadcast navigation data are retrieved from the navigation
frame.
After the receiver locks on to four or more satellites, its absolute
position in WGS-84 and the time offset between the receiver clock
and GPS time are computed. This information and the measurement
data can be stored in the optional MMC or SD card1 and downloaded
later onto a computer, then processed using a post-processing
software package. When the receiver operates in RTK mode, raw data
measurements can also be recorded into the receiver’s internal
memory. This allows the operator to double check real-time results
obtained in the field.
1. MMC = multi-media card; SD = secure digital
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Depending on your options, capabilities of the receiver include:
• Multipath reduction
• Satellite based augmentation systems (WAAS, EGNOS, and so
forth).
• Adjustable phase locked loop (PLL) and delay lock loop (DLL)
parameters
• Dual- or multi-frequency modes, including static, kinematic, realtime kinematic (RTK), and differential GPS (DGPS) survey
modes (DGPS modes include static, kinematic, and RTK)
• Auto data logging
• Setting different mask angles
• Setting different survey parameters
• Static or dynamic modes
Getting Acquainted
The GR-3 is a 72-channel GPS receiver, which includes the
following:
• External, detachable batteries
• Two data ports
• Interface for controlling and viewing data logging
• External memory card slot
• Internal radio modem
• Bluetooth® wireless technology module
• Optional GSM/GPRS module
• Optional CDMA module (only with the Digital UHF radio
modem)
P/N 7010-0736
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Introduction
Batteries
The GR-3 receiver comes equipped with two detachable,
rechargeable batteries (Figure 1-2) for powering the receiver.
Figure 1-2. GR-3 Batteries
The receiver draws power from one battery at a time before switching
to the second battery. Each detachable battery can provide between
4h30m and 8h30m (approximate) of operation, depending on the
mode of the receiver.
The battery charging cradle (Figure 1-3) connects to a standard
power outlet using the power adapter cable and power cable/power
supply unit. When connected to a power outlet, the batteries are fully
charged in approximately six hours. The batteries should run at no
less than 80% capacity after 500 charging cycles. These batteries do
not need to be drained before recharging.
The charger has two ports, one button, and three LEDs.
• The two ports connect the charger to either a receiver or an
external power source. The ports charge or drain the batteries
simultaneously.
1-8
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
• The STATUS button activates the battery LEDs.
Press STATUS to display the amount of charge for the
corresponding battery.
• The two battery LEDs display the percentage of charge in the
attached battery.
– Green: indicates greater than 85% charge.
– Orange: indicates an intermediate charge.
– Red: indicates less than 15% charge.
• The power LED lights up when the charger is connected to an
external power source; such as an electrical outlet or another
power source (12 volt battery).
Two power in/out ports
Battery
STATUS
Button
Battery
Power
Figure 1-3. Battery Charger with Batteries
The battery charger can also be attached to a tripod, belt, or RTK pole
to provide external power to the base station or rover.
The AA battery shell (Figure 1-4) holds four AA batteries to provide
a portable backup power source for the receiver. Due to variances in
P/N 7010-0736
1-9
Introduction
AA battery capacity, and the mode of the receiver and type of modem,
the amount of time the receiver is powered varies.
Figure 1-4. AA Battery Shell (Open)
CAUTION
Do not use rechargeable AA batteries.
Do not use the AA battery shell when the radio
modem is in transmitter mode.
GR-3 Receiver
The GR-3 receiver’s advanced design reduces the number of cables
required for operation, allowing for more reliable and efficient
surveying. The casing allocates space for two removable,
rechargeable batteries, SD/MMC and SIM card slots, a Bluetooth
wireless technology module, a multi-system receiver board, and a
radio modem communications board.
The GR-3 comes in one of the following configurations:
• with an FH915 Plus TX/RX/RP1 radio modem
• with an FH915 Plus TX/RX/RP radio modem and a GSM/GPRS
module
• with a 1W Digital UHF TX/RX radio modem, depending on the
country
• with a Digital UHF radio modem and a GSM/GPRS module
• with a Digital UHF TX/RX radio modem and a CDMA module
Other features include two data ports, a power port, and a MINTER
for viewing status and controlling data input/output.
1. RP = repeater
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
MINTER
The MINTER is the receiver’s minimum interface used to display and
control data input and output (Figure 1-5).
The battery LEDs display the power status for each battery:
• Green – indicates greater than 85% charge.
• Orange – indicates an intermediate charge.
• Red – indicates less than 15% charge.
The STAT LED displays the status of tracked satellites.
• Red blink – receiver is on, but is not tracking satellites or does not
have a solution.
• Green blink – receiver is on and tracking satellites; one blink per
tracked GPS satellite.
• Orange blink – receiver is on and tracking satellites; one blink per
tracked GLONASS satellite.
REC
RX TX
STAT
BT
Battery
FUNCTION
Battery
FUNCTION
Power
Button
FUNCTION
Button
Figure 1-5. GR-3 MINTER
P/N 7010-0736
1-11
Introduction
The REC LED displays the data recording status. See “The FN
button” on page 1-13 for more information on REC LED behavior
when using the FN button.
• Green blinks – each blink indicates that data is being written to
the SD/MMC card.
• Solid Orange – indicates the receiver is changing modes.
• Orange blinks – indicates that the receiver is checking its internal
file system (after clearing the NVRAM or loading new firmware).
During this operation, the file system is not accessible for CDU
(control display unit) applications or for data recording. This
operation may require from fractions of a second to several
minutes, depending on the circumstances and the amount of
internal memory.
• Solid Red – indicates a fault condition with the receiver (no more
memory, no SD/MMC card inserted, a hardware problem, or an
improper OAF).
Table 1-2 on page 1-14 describes the REC LED status when using the
FN button.
The RX TX LED displays the status of the modem. Table 1-1
describes the LED colors and patterns for the different modems
available for the GR-3 receiver.
Table 1-1. RX TX LED Indications
• No light – modem is turned off.
• Green flashes – modem is in receiver mode.
• Solid Green – a radio link has been established; modem is
ready to receive data.
FH915 Plus
Modem
• Solid Green plus Red flashes – modem is receiving data.
• Solid Red – modem is in transmitter mode.
• Red flashes – a fault condition has been detected. Check the
condition of the radio modem’s antenna to ensure it is
undamaged, and is connected properly and securely. Also make
sure nothing interrupts the signal.
• Red flashes plus Green flashes – modem is in command mode.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Table 1-1. RX TX LED Indications (Continued)
• Solid Orange (Red and Green) – the modem is initializing.
• Green flashes – the modem is on, registered on the network,
and is waiting for incoming calls (Slave mode).
GSM/GPRS
• Solid Red – a connection has been established.
• Green flashes – the modem is in direct control mode (Daisy
Chain).
• Orange flashes – an error has occurred (initialization error,
wrong PIN code, and so forth).
• No light – modem is turned off.
• Solid Red – the modem is in transmitter mode; the modem is
transmitting data.
UHF Modem
• Orange flashes – the modem is in command mode. This mode
allows the operator to send/query commands to/from the
modem.
• Solid Green – the modem is in receiver mode.
• Solid Green plus Red flashes – the modem is receiving data.
• Red flashes – a fault condition has been detected. Check the
condition of the radio modem’s antenna to ensure it is
undamaged, and is connected properly and securely. Also make
sure that there is nothing to interrupt the signal.
The BT LED indicates the level of activity at the Bluetooth wireless
technology communication link:
• Blue flashes – the Bluetooth module is on but no connection is
established.
• Solid blue light – the Bluetooth module is on and a connection
has been established.
• No light – the Bluetooth module is off.
The power button turns the receiver on and off.
The FN button switches the receiver between information modes and
post-processing modes, starts/stops data recording, and changes the
baud rate of the serial port to 9600. See “MINTER Operation” on
P/N 7010-0736
1-13
Introduction
page 4-8 for more information. Table 1-2 on page 1-14 describes the
REC LED status when using the FN button.
Table 1-2. FUNCTION Button Operations and REC LED Status
FN (FUNCTION)
Key
REC LED
Status
When data recording is off, and the FN key is...
Not pressed
No light
No data recording.
Orange blink
Internal file system test in progress.
Red
No free memory; hardware problem with
data recording; SD/MMC card is not
inserted.
If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”
Pressed for < 1
second
Orange
Release to change information mode.
If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”
Orange
No function.
If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”
Pressed for 1–5
seconds
Green
Release to start data recording (postprocessing occupation mode undefined).
If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”
Green
Release to start recording (Kinematic or
Static post-processing occupation mode).
Pressed for 5–8
seconds
Red
Release to turn serial port A baud rate to
9600 bps.
Pressed for > 8
seconds
No light
No function.
1-14
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Table 1-2. FUNCTION Button Operations and REC LED Status (Continued)
FN (FUNCTION)
Key
REC LED
Status
When data recording is on, and the FN key is...
Red
No free memory; hardware problem with
data recording; SD/MMC card is not
inserted.
If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”
Green
Not pressed
Data recording started (post-processing
occupation mode undefined).
If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”
Green
Data recording started (Kinematic postprocessing occupation mode).
Orange
Data recording started (Static postprocessing occupation mode).
If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”
Pressed for < 1
second
Orange
Release to change information mode.
If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”
Orange
Release to toggle between Static and
Kinematic post-processing modes.
Pressed for 1–5
seconds
No light
Release to stop data recording.
Pressed for 5–8
seconds
Red
Release to turn serial port A baud rate to
9600 bps.
Pressed for > 8
seconds
No light
No function (data recording still on).
P/N 7010-0736
1-15
Introduction
Data and Power Ports
The GR-3 has the following three ports (Figure 1-6):
• USB – rimmed in yellow; used for high-speed data transfer and
communication between the receiver and an external device.
The body of the connector on the corresponding cable is yellow.
• Serial – rimmed in black; used for communication between the
receiver and an external device.
The body of the connector on the corresponding cable is black.
• Power – rimmed in red; used to connect the receiver to an
external power source. This port can also be used to charge the
batteries.
The body of the connector on the corresponding cable is red.
USB
(yellow)
U
S
B
Serial
(black)
S
E
R
I
A
L
Power
(red)
P
O
W
E
R
Figure 1-6. GR-3 Ports
External Radio Antenna Connector
The UHF and SS antennas connect to the external antenna connector
on the GR-3 radome (Figure 1-7). Both modem antenna types include
support for a GSM modem.
1-16
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
The modem antenna depends on the type of modem installed in the
receiver:
• UHF: Uses a BNC RF connection and comes in three
versions: 410–440MHz (p/n 30-070003-01) and 440–
470MHz (p/n 30-050503-01).
• Spread Spectrum: Uses a reverse polarity TNC RF
connection and comes in one version: (p/n 30-030012-01).
UHF/GSM Antenna
SS/GSM Antenna
Figure 1-7. Modem Antennas
Connector
The bottom connector (Figure 1-8) connects the receiver to either a
standard 5/8'' thread pole/adapter or the quick disconnect (see “The
quick disconnect adapter” on page 1-22 for details).
Bottom Connector
for Standard Setups
Figure 1-8. GR-3 Quick Connector
P/N 7010-0736
1-17
Introduction
SD/MMC and SIM Card Slots
The SD/MMC1 and SIM card slots reside under the batteries near the
base of the dome.
The SD/MMC card slot is located to the left of the MINTER inside
the battery pocket (Figure 1-9) and connects an optional SD/MMC
card to the receiver board to provide memory. Once installed, the SD/
MMC card usually remains inside the receiver. The data that resides
on the SD/MMC card can be accessed via the USB or serial port, or
Bluetooth wireless technology. A secure digital card can be purchased
at a local computer supply store.
The SIM card slot is located to the right of the MINTER inside the
battery pocket and allows a standard SIM card to be installed in the
receiver. Once installed, the SIM card provides a unique identification
for the receiver’s GSM module and enables the receiver’s GSM
functionality based on the subscribed services (the receiver board
accesses the GSM module which accesses the SIM card). The SIM
card usually remains inside the receiver. The GSM module with the
SIM card installed can be accessed via Modem-TPS for configuration
purposes. A SIM card can be purchased from a local cellular provider.
Card Slot
(for SD/MMC card)
Figure 1-9. GR-3 Card Slot Example
1. MMC = multi-media card; SD = secure digital
1-18
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Cables
The GR-3 package includes standard communication and power
cables for configuring the receiver and providing a power source to
the receiver. Table 1-3 lists the cables included in the GR-3 package.
Table 1-3. GR-3 Package Cables
Cable Description
Cable Illustration
Power cable
Connects the power supply unit to a
grounded outlet.
U.S. p/n 14-008052-01
Europe p/n 14-008053-01
Australia p/n 14-008074-01
Receiver power/charging cable
Connects the receiver and the
power supply unit via SAE
connectors for battery charging.
Body of connector is red.
p/n 14-008016-03
USB cable
Connects the receiver to an external
device (controller or computer) for
high-speed data transfer and
receiver configuration. Body of
connector is yellow.
p/n 14-008070-01
Serial cable
Connects the receiver to an external
device (controller or computer) for
data transfer and receiver
configuration. Body of connector is
black.
p/n 14-008005-03
P/N 7010-0736
1-19
Introduction
Along with the above cables, the GR-3 package with a GB-500 or
GB-1000 receiver includes the cables listed in Table 1-4. Refer to the
GB-500 Operator’s Manual or GB-1000 Operator’s Manual for
further details on the accessories that come with these receivers.
Table 1-4. GR-3 with GB-500/1000 Package Cables
Cable Description
Cable Illustration
GPS antenna cable
Connects the GB-500/1000 receiver
to the antenna connector on the
PG-A1 antenna.
p/n 14-050402-01
Antenna RF cable
Connects the GB-500/1000 to an
external radio modem.
p/n 14-008109-01LF
Alligator clips cable
Connects any 12-volt DC power
source to the receiver via the SAE
cable.
p/n 14-008025-01
SAE-to-SAE extension cable
Connects SAE connectors over
longer distances.
p/n 14-008022-01
1-20
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Other Accessories
The power supply unit (p/n 22-034101-01) charges the internal
batteries when connected to a grounded outlet (Figure 1-10). This
unit converts the alternating current (AC) normally supplied from an
electrical outlet to a direct current (DC) used to charge the batteries
and/or power the receiver.
The power supply unit should only be used for
charging the batteries. Do not use as a power source
during surveying.
CAUTION
The power supply unit can be connected to the charging cradle or
directly to the receiver. For details, see the power related sections in
Chapter 2.
Figure 1-10. Power Supply Unit
The modem antenna For more information, see “External Radio
Antenna Connector” on page 1-16.
The universal tribrach and tribrach adapter (p/n 22-006008-01
and p/n 22-006009-011) are used to level the tripod and secure the
receiver or antenna to the tripod (Figure 1-11).
Figure 1-11. Universal Tribrach and Tribrach Adapter
For more details on the accessories and package options available for
the GR-3, contact the local Topcon dealer.
P/N 7010-0736
1-21
Introduction
The PG-A1 GPS antenna for GB-500/1000 packages is a dual-
frequency GPS/GLONASS antenna (Figure 1-12). The optional
ground plane helps to eliminate multipath errors.
Figure 1-12. PG-A1 GPS Antenna
Optional Accessories
Topcon offers a wide variety of accessories especially designed to
extend job reliability and efficiency. For more details on the optional
accessories available for the GR-3, contact the local Topcon dealer.
The precision tribrach adapter (Figure 1-13) is used to precisely
center, align, and level the tripod over a point. The horizontal spacer
(p/n 60419) inserts into the precision tribrach and allows the receiver
to sit securely on the precision tribrach.
Figure 1-13. Precision Tribrach Adapter and Horizontal Spacer
The quick disconnect adapter (p/n 02-850905-01) connects to the
range pole for the receiver to slip into the top. Using the side clips, the
1-22
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
receiver can be quickly connected to/disconnected from the range
pole (Figure 1-14).
Figure 1-14. Quick Disconnect
A hand-held controller (Figure 1-15) allows the GR-3 Base and
Rover systems to be configured and monitored directly in the field.
TopSURV (field data collection software) and CE-CDU (receiver
configuration and monitoring software) can be used on Topcon
controllers to configure and manage the receiver.
FC-100
FC-2000
Figure 1-15. Hand-held Controller Examples
The ODU-to-alligator clips cable (p/n 14-008097-01LF) connects
the charging cradle or receiver to an auxiliary battery for powering the
receiver during survey operations (Figure 1-14).
Figure 1-16. Auxiliary Power Cable – ODU-to-Alligator Clips
P/N 7010-0736
1-23
Introduction
The AA battery pack (Figure 1-17) holds four AA batteries to
provide a portable backup power source for the receiver.
Figure 1-17. AA Battery Pack
CAUTION
Do not use rechargeable AA batteries.
Do not use the AA battery shell when the radio
modem is in transmitter mode.
The GR-3 2m fixed height Tripod and Pole 1.(22-050911-01 and
22-050908-01). Pole not pictured. Tripod for the GR-3 (Figure 118).
Figure 1-18. Tripod
1-24
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Getting Acquainted
Cradle-to-receiver charging cable (p/n 14-008072-01 (1.5m long)
p/n 14-008072-02 (0.5 m long) Connects the receiver to the charging
cradle for external power (Figure 1-19).
Figure 1-19. Cradle-to-receiver Charging Cable
Battery Recharger (01-050911-01) Charges the battieres.
To grounded outlet
Figure 1-20. Battery Recharger
P/N 7010-0736
1-25
Introduction
Option Authorization File (OAF)
Topcon Positioning Systems issues an Option Authorization File
(OAF) to enable the specific options that customers purchase. An
Option Authorization File allows customers to customize and
configure the receiver according to particular needs, thus only
purchasing those options needed.
Typically, all receivers ship with a temporary OAF that allows it to be
used for a predetermined period of time. When the receiver is
purchased, a new OAF permanently activates purchased options.
Receiver options remain intact when clearing the NVRAM or
resetting the receiver.
The OAF enables the following kinds of functions. For a complete list
of available options and details, visit the TPS website or consult a
TPS dealer.
• Type of signal (standard L1; optional L2, L5 GPS, GLONASS,
GALILEO)
• Update rate standard 1Hz (optional 5, 10, or 20Hz)
• RTK at 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz, and 20Hz
• RTCM/CMR Input/Output
• Advanced multipath reduction
• Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
• Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Chapter 2
Pre-survey
Preparation
Before beginning to survey with the GR-3 receiver, the following
software needs to be installed and configurations need to be applied:
†
Install receiver configuration software
See “Installing Topcon Software” on page 2-2.
†
Optional: install SD card and/or SIM card
See “Installing the Optional SD and SIM Cards” on page 2-7.
†
Charge the batteries
See “Charging the Batteries” on page 2-9.
†
Enable power source settings (either attached or external)
See “Power Management” on page 2-11 and “Powering the
Receiver” on page 2-14.
†
Configure the Bluetooth wireless technology module
See “Bluetooth Module Configuration” on page 2-23.
†
Collect almanacs and ephemerides (after first-time configuration
activities as described in Chapter 3)
See “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 2-26.
This chapter also discusses connecting batteries to the receiver,
connecting the receiver and a computer, and powering the receiver
using different sources.
P/N 7010-0736
2-1
Pre-survey Preparation
Installing Topcon Software
The Topcon GPS+ CD includes the following software programs used
for configuring and maintaining the receiver. This software is also
available on the TPS website to registered users.
• PC-CDU Lite
ver. 2.1.15 or newer
• BTCONF
ver. 1.3 or newer
• Modem-TPS
ver. 2.2p2 or newer
• FLoader
ver 1.0.07 or newer
If installing the program(s) from the GPS+ CD, insert the CD into the
computer’s CD-ROM drive. If downloading the program(s) from the
website, extract the program’s files into a folder on the hard drive.
The following sections describe installing this software, and other
sections throughout the manual describe using this software with the
receiver.
Installing PC-CDU
PC-CDU™ is a comprehensive Windows® software product
designed for controlling GPS+ receivers developed by Topcon
Positioning Systems. PC-CDU uses the GPS Receiver Interface
Language (GRIL) to configure various receiver settings and diagnose
receiver performance.
The PC-CDU software exists in two versions: a full-functionality
version called PC-CDU MS and a reduced-functionality version
called PC-CDU Lite. PC-CDU Lite is available for free on the Topcon
website (www.topconpositioning.com) or the GPS+ CD.
Computer requirements for PC-CDU are: Windows® 98 or newer and
an RS-232C or USB port, or Bluetooth capable. Use PC-CDU version
2.1.15 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.
NOTICE
2-2
Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for full
details on installing and using PC-CDU.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Installing Topcon Software
To Install PC-CDU:
1. Create a PC-CDU folder on the hard drive, and place the
compressed PC-CDU zip file (retrieved from either the website or
the GPS+ CD) in this folder.
2. Navigate to the PC-CDU folder, and double-click the PCCDU_MS zip file.
3. Extract the PCCDU.EXE and associated *.dll file to the PC-CDU
folder (Figure 2-1).
4. Optionally, create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick
access to PC-CDU (Figure 2-1).
Figure 2-1. Extract Program and Create Shortcut
To uninstall PC-CDU, navigate to the location of the *.exe file. Select
the file, and press Delete.
Installing Modem-TPS
Modem-TPS is a configuration program for the radio modem board
inside the receiver. Modem-TPS is available from the TPS website
(www.topconpositioning.com) or on the GPS+ CD.
Computer requirements for Modem-TPS are: Windows® 98 or newer
and an RS-232C port or Bluetooth wireless technology. Use ModemTPS version 2.2p2 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.
P/N 7010-0736
2-3
Pre-survey Preparation
To install Modem-TPS:
1. Navigate to the location of the Modem-TPS program, and doubleclick the Setup.exe icon.
2. Keep the default installation location or select a new location.
Click Finish (Figure 2-2).
Figure 2-2. Select Modem-TPS Installation Location and Install
3. Click OK to complete the installation (Figure 2-3).
4. Optionally, create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick
access to Modem-TPS (Figure 2-3).
Figure 2-3. Installation Complete and Shortcut
To uninstall Modem-TPS, use the Start menu on the computer:
1. Click Start Programs Modem-TPS
TPS, and click Yes at the prompt.
2. Click OK when the uninstall completes.
2-4
Uninstall Modem-
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Installing Topcon Software
Installing BTCONF
BTCONF is a configuration program for the Bluetooth wireless
technology module inside the receiver. BTCONF is available from the
TPS website (www.topconpositioning.com) or on the GPS+ CD.
Computer requirements for BTCONF are: Windows® 98 or newer
and an RS-232C port or Bluetooth wireless technology. Use
BTCONF version 1.3 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.
To install BTCONF:
1. Create a BTCONF folder on the hard drive, and place the
compressed BTCONF zip file (retrieved from either the website
or the GPS+ CD) in this folder.
2. Navigate to the BTCONF folder, and double-click the BTCONF
zip file.
3. Extract the btconf.exe to the BTCONF folder.
4. Create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick access to
BTCONF (Figure 2-4).
Figure 2-4. Extract Program and Create Shortcut
To uninstall BTCONF, navigate to the location of the *.exe file. Select
the file, and press Delete.
Each time BTCONF runs and configures the Bluetooth module,
BTCONF saves the settings in a file (btconf.ini). BTCONF
P/N 7010-0736
2-5
Pre-survey Preparation
automatically updates the file each time changes are made to the
Bluetooth module’s settings.
TIP
To maintain unique Bluetooth module settings for
different purposes, keep copies of BTCONF in
separate folders.
Installing FLoader
FLoader is a firmware loading program for the power board, GPS
module, and modem board inside the receiver. FLoader is available
from the TPS website (www.topconpositioning.com) or on the GPS+
CD.
Computer requirements for FLoader are: Windows® 98 or newer and
an RS-232C port or Bluetooth wireless technology. Use FLoader
version 1.0.07 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.
To install FLoader:
1. Create an FLoader folder on the hard drive and place the
compressed FLoader zip file (retrieved from either the website or
the GPS+ CD) in this folder.
2. Navigate to the FLoader folder, and double-click the FLoader zip
file.
3. Extract the FLoader.exe file to the FLoader folder (Figure 2-5).
4. Optionally, create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick
access to FLoader (Figure 2-5).
2-6
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Installing the Optional SD and SIM Cards
Figure 2-5. Extract Program and Create Shortcut
To uninstall FLoader, navigate to the location of the *.exe file, select
the file, and press Delete.
Installing the Optional SD and
SIM Cards
Behind each detachable battery is a slot for the optional SD card or
the optional SIM card. The SD card provides memory space in which
to save logged data; the SIM card provides telephony communication
for data transfer between two GSM-capable receivers. The SD card
can be purchased at a local computer store; the SIM card can be
purchased at a local cellular phone supply store. The receiver
currently supports an SD card with up to 1GB capacity.
Once installed, the card(s) generally remains installed. The card can
then be accessed via the receiver board using a data port or Bluetooth
wireless technology.
To install the SD card (Figure 2-6):
1. Ensure the receiver is turned off.
2. Remove the battery to the left of the MINTER.
P/N 7010-0736
2-7
Pre-survey Preparation
3. Carefully insert the SD card, label side down, into the SD card
slot located at the top of the battery pocket.
Figure 2-6. Install SD Card
CAUTION
Do not remove the card if the receiver is powered
on. Damage to data may result from improper
removal of the card.
Once the receiver is turned on, the receiver board will detect the SD
card, and it will be ready to use as needed.
To install the SIM card (Figure 2-7):
The SIM card must support Circuit Switched Data to communicate
directly between receivers. The SIM card must have GPRS or EDGE
support to communicate with a GPS Network IP address.
NOTICE
For direct communication between Base and Rover
receivers, you must install a SIM card with a Circuit
Switch Data plan and have subscriptions to the
same service provider for proper data
communication.
1. Ensure the receiver is turned off.
2. Remove the battery to the right of the MINTER.
3. If needed, snap the SIM card into its holder.
2-8
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Charging the Batteries
4. Carefully insert the holder, label side down, into the SIM card slot
located at the top of the battery pocket.
Figure 2-7. Install SIM Card
Once the receiver is turned on, the receiver board will detect the SIM
card, and it will be ready to use as needed.
Charging the Batteries
Before using the GR-3, fully charge the batteries for maximum
operating time (Figure 2-8 on page 2-10).
If the batteries are attached to the charging cradle or to the GR-3, an
approximately 6-hour charge cycle will fully charge the batteries; the
batteries charge simultaneously.
The batteries cannot be overcharged.
NOTE
P/N 7010-0736
The batteries are shipped from the factory without
power. Fully charge the batteries before surveying.
2-9
Pre-survey Preparation
Each detachable battery can provide between 4.5 and 8.5 hours
(approximate, at room temperature) of operation, depending on the
mode of the receiver.
TIP
If the batteries are attached to the receiver, connect
the power adapter cable to the receiver’s power port
to charge the batteries. The batteries charge
simultaneously.
To charge the batteries:
1. Remove the batteries from the receiver, and insert them into the
charging cradle.
2. Connect the power cable to the power supply unit.
3. Connect the SAE connectors on the power adapter cable and
power supply unit.
4. Connect the power adapter cable to one of the ports on the
charging cradle (either port will charge both/either battery).
5. Plug the power supply to an available outlet. Leave for
approximately 6 hours to fully charge the batteries.
To grounded outlet
Figure 2-8. Insert Batteries in Charger and Connect to Outlet
2-10
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Power Management
The Li-Ion batteries used in the battery packs should run at no less
than 80% capacity after 500 charging cycles. These batteries do not
need to be drained before recharging.
Power Management
Topcon’s PC-CDU software provides an interface for various
configuration, monitoring, and management functions for the
receiver.
For power management of the receiver, PC-CDU enables the power
source, enables the charging mode, and displays the current voltage
for the batteries.
1. Connect the receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver
and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. Once connected, click Configuration Receiver.
3. Select the Power Mode drop-down list to set the power source
(Figure 2-9). Current Mode displays the current power source; if
using the cradle, it will show “extbat.”
• Auto – receiver automatically selects the power source
• Mix – the batteries will discharge almost simultaneously
• Battery A – both batteries will discharge in sequence: first A,
then B, A, B, and so forth. In this case, battery B will last 1 to
2 hours longer.
• Battery B – both batteries will discharge in sequence: first B,
then A, B, A, and so forth. In this case, battery A will last 1 to
2 hours longer.
P/N 7010-0736
2-11
Pre-survey Preparation
Figure 2-9. Select Power Mode
4. Select the Charger Mode drop-down list to set the charger mode
(Figure 2-10 on page 2-12). Current Mode displays the charging
battery: a, b, ab, or none (off).
• Off – receiver will not charge batteries
• Auto – receiver automatically detects and charges both
batteries
Figure 2-10. Select Charger Mode
5. Select the Turn on/off Slots drop-down list to set power output on
internal slots (Figure 2-11).
• On – slot C is powered if the receiver is turned on
• Off – internal slot is not powered even if the receiver is turned
on
2-12
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Power Management
• Always – internal slot is powered even if the receiver is
turned off
Figure 2-11. Select Power Output Modes – Ports and Slots
6. View the Voltages information (Figure 2-12 on page 2-13).
• External – displays the external power supply’s voltage
• On Board – displays the voltage drawn by the receiver board
• Battery A – displays the voltage of battery A
• Battery B – displays the voltage of battery B
• Charger – displays the charger’s output voltage during battery
charging
Figure 2-12. View Voltages Information
P/N 7010-0736
2-13
Pre-survey Preparation
7. Select the Enable Low Power Mode check box to put the
receiver’s processor into low power consumption mode
(Figure 2-13).
Figure 2-13. Enable and Apply Power Settings
8. Click Apply.
Powering the Receiver
When powered from the internal batteries, the receiver constantly
switches from one battery to the other, maintaining a difference of 0.4
V between the batteries.
To check the status of the internal batteries, view the BATT LED
or check the status using available Topcon software.
• Check the BATT LEDs for battery status.
– A green light indicates greater than 85% charge.
– An orange light indicates an intermediate charge.
– A red light indicates less than 15% charge.
• Do one of the following using PC-CDU:
– Click Configuration Receiver to view battery voltages on
the Receiver Configuration screen.
– Click Help About to view battery voltages on the About
PC-CDU screen.
2-14
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Powering the Receiver
Using the Detachable Batteries
The GR-3 receiver comes with two detachable, rechargeable batteries
and an AA battery shell. Each battery can provide between 4.5 and
8.5 (approximate) hours of operation at room temperature, depending
on the mode of the receiver and the capacity of the battery.
Table 2-1. Estimated Operating Times Using Two Fully-charged Batteries
Using the Detachable Batteries
Receiver conditions: Bluetooth = on; 10-12 SV tracked; room temperature
Modem off
17 hours
915+ modem in receive mode
13 hours
915+ modem in 250mW transmission mode
11 hours
915+ modem in 1W transmission mode
9 hours
Digital UHF in receive mode
10 hours
Digital UHF in 1W transmission mode
8 hours
Using the Battery Shells and AA batteries
Receiver conditions: Bluetooth = on; 10–12 SV tracked
Modem off
2.5 hours
To attach the batteries (Figure 2-14):
1. With the battery slightly tipped, place the bottom of the battery
into the bottom of the battery pocket.
2. Gently push the top of the battery into the battery pocket until it
snaps into place. Make sure that the clip at the top of the battery
completely snaps into place.
P/N 7010-0736
2-15
Pre-survey Preparation
Figure 2-14. Insert the GR-3 Batteries
To detach the batteries:
Using the clip at the top of the battery, gently pull down and out to
detach the battery from the receiver (Figure 2-15).
Figure 2-15. Detach the GR-3 Batteries
To assemble the AA battery shell (Figure 2-16):
CAUTION
Do not use rechargeable AA batteries.
Do not use the AA battery shell when the radio
modem is in transmitter mode.
1. Slide the back cover of the AA battery shell down and lift off.
2-16
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Powering the Receiver
2. Insert four AA batteries as shown on the inside of the shell (and
in Figure 2-16).
• The batteries on the left lay with the positive end towards the
bottom of the shell.
• The batteries on the right lay with the positive end towards
the top of the shell.
3. Replace the back cover of the shell.
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
Figure 2-16. Remove Cover and Insert AA Batteries
4. Insert the AA battery shell into the battery pocket of the receiver
as shown in “To attach the batteries (Figure 2-14):” on page 2-15.
Using an Auxiliary Power Source
In addition to the attached batteries, the receiver connects to external
batteries. External batteries allow for continuous use of the receiver in
case the internal batteries become discharged.
NOTE
The batteries in the charging cradle do not charge
the internal/detachable batteries.
The charging cradle is used to power the receiver.
To connect the receiver to the charging cradle (Figure 2-17):
The charging cradle with extra batteries hooks onto a tripod or belt for
a convenient power supply for the receiver. The part number for the
receiver-to-charger cradle cable is 14-008072-01 or 14-008072-02.
1. Connect one end of the cradle-to-receiver cable to the charging
cradle.
P/N 7010-0736
2-17
Pre-survey Preparation
2. Connect the other end to the power port on the receiver.
Connecting the charging
cradle and the receiver using the
cradle-to-receiver charging cable
Figure 2-17. Connect the Charging Cradle and Receiver
To connect the receiver to an auxiliary battery (Figure 2-18):
Use the ODU-to-alligator clips cable (p/n 14-008097-01LF) to
directly connect the auxiliary battery and the receiver’s power port
(without SAE).
NOTICE
When powering the receiver using external
batteries, set the charger mode to Off; otherwise,
the detachable batteries will also charge, causing
operation time to decrease. See “Power
Management” on page 2-11 for more information
on setting the charger mode.
1. Connect the ODU-to-alligator clips cable to a 12-volt battery.
2. Connect the ODU-to-alligator clips cable to the receiver’s power
port.
3. Turn on the receiver.
2-18
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Powering the Receiver
From receiver to
auxiliary battery
using ODU-toalligator clips
cable.
Figure 2-18. Connect an Auxiliary Battery and the Receiver
A single external 12 V, 2.3 A*h battery should run the receiver and
modem for about 4.5 hours and the receiver for 6 hours.
Turning On/Off the Receiver
To turn ON the receiver, press and hold the power button until the
LEDs briefly flash.
To turn OFF the receiver, press and hold the power button for more
than one and less than four seconds (until both the STAT and the REC
LEDs are off). This delay (about 1 second) prevents the receiver from
being turned off by mistake.
P/N 7010-0736
2-19
Pre-survey Preparation
Connecting the Receiver and a
Computer
Topcon’s PC-CDU software provides an interface for various
configuration, monitoring, and management functions for the
receiver.
To configure, manage files, or maintain the receiver, connect the
receiver and a computer using one of the following methods and start
PC-CDU:
• a Bluetooth-enabled external device (computer/controller)
• an RS232 cable and a computer/controller
• a USB cable and a computer/controller with the TPS USB driver
installed
Once a connection between the receiver and the computer/controller
has been established:
• configure the receiver and its components
• send commands to the receiver
• download files from the receiver’s memory
• upload new firmware using FLoader™
• upload an OAF
• upload configuration files to a receiver
Establishing a Wireless Connection
The GR-3 receiver contains Bluetooth wireless technology that allows
file transfer and synchronization between the receiver and any other
external device that supports Bluetooth wireless technology; for
example, an FC-100, or a computer with USB-to-Bluetooth adapter or
PCMCA-to-Bluetooth adapter installed.
2-20
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Connecting the Receiver and a Computer
NOTICE
Changing the receiver’s Port D default settings will
affect the Bluetooth link. The default settings for
Port D are: 115200 bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no
parity, and no handshaking.
The receiver and external device connection procedure varies slightly
depending on the type of external device used. In general, the
connection procedure is as follows.
NOTICE
Refer to the Bluetooth-enabled external device
documentation for detailed connection information.
1. Turn on a Bluetooth-enabled external device and the receiver. The
default external device mode is Master; the receiver’s Bluetooth
module mode is Slave.
2. Instruct the external device (Master) to search for the receiver
(Slave).
3. Once the Master device detects the receiver, use the procedure
described in the external device’s documentation to connect it
with the receiver.
4. Connect to the configuration software (PC-CDU, Modem-TPS,
and so on) as described in the configuration sections.
If a connection cannot be established, check that the receiver’s slot
two is enabled.
1. Connect your receiver and a computer using an RS232 cable or
USB cable and PC-CDU as seen below.
2. Click Configuration Receiver General.
3. In the Turn on/off Slots area, ensure the Slot 2 (C) check box is
enabled.
P/N 7010-0736
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Pre-survey Preparation
Establishing an RS232 Cable
Connection
1. Using the RS232 cable, connect the serial port of the computer
(usually COM1) to the receiver’s serial port.
2. Press the power buttons on the receiver and computer to turn
them on.
3. Connect to the configuration software (PC-CDU, Modem-TPS,
and so on) as described in the configuration sections.
Establishing a USB Connection
Make sure the computer has the TPS USB driver installed and the
USB option is enabled.
NOTE
You can find the TPS USB driver on the GPS+ CD,
or you can download it from the Topcon website
(www.topconpositioning.com).
1. Using the USB cable, connect the USB port of the computer to
the receiver’s USB port.
2. Press the power buttons on the receiver and computer to turn
them on.
3. Connect to the configuration software (PC-CDU) as described in
the configuration sections.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Bluetooth Module Configuration
Bluetooth Module
Configuration
Use BTCONF, Topcon’s Bluetooth module’s configuration program,
and the computer to:
• access the Bluetooth wireless technology module
• configure the Bluetooth module
• check or change the module’s configuration
To access the Bluetooth wireless technology module, first download
and install BTCONF, then connect the computer and the receiver and
run the configuration program. See “Installing BTCONF” on page 25 for details.
Once BTCONF is available, follow these steps to configure the
Bluetooth module.
1. Using the RS232 cable, connect the serial port of the computer
(usually COM1) to the receiver’s serial port. If needed, turn on
the receiver and computer.
2. Run the Bluetooth module configuration program (Figure 2-19).
For BTCONF version and copyright information, click the About
button.
Figure 2-19. Bluetooth Module Configuration Main Screen
P/N 7010-0736
2-23
Pre-survey Preparation
3. From the drop-down list in the upper left corner, select the
computer serial port used for communication (Figure 2-20).
4. Click Connect to connect the computer and Bluetooth module.
Figure 2-20. Select Communication Port and Click Connect
Once the receiver and computer connect through BTCONF, the
Identification tab (Figure 2-21) displays the following
information:
• Bluetooth name – the name of the Bluetooth module.
• Bluetooth address – the unique electronic address for the
module.
• Firmware version – the current firmware version of the
Bluetooth module.
Figure 2-21. BTCONF Identification Tab
The COM port and baud rate display in the lower left corner.
2-24
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Bluetooth Module Configuration
5. Click the Parameters tab (Figure 2-22 on page 2-25). The
Parameters tab sets identifying and security information for your
Bluetooth module. The security section allows you to set data
security and unauthorized access parameters for the Bluetooth
module.
6. Enter up to 14 characters to set a unique name for the Bluetooth
module (Figure 6).
7. To set security parameters (Figure 2-22 on page 2-25), enter and
enable the following, then click Apply:
• Bluetooth PIN – enter up to 16 characters to specify a
personal identification number for the Bluetooth module.
• Encryption – enable to have the Bluetooth module encrypt
wirelessly sent data. To read encrypted data, the user must
have the same PIN used in the device that sent the data.
• Authentication – enable to require a PIN before two
Bluetooth enabled devices (such as, the receiver and a
computer) can establish a communication link. The two
devices must use the same PIN.
NOTICE
If you do not need security settings, leave these
parameters disabled.
Figure 2-22. BTCONF Security Parameters
P/N 7010-0736
2-25
Pre-survey Preparation
8. Click the Serial Interface tab (Figure 2-23). Enable Echo to
display Bluetooth module replies and corresponding commands
on the computer terminal. Click Apply.
9. Click Disconnect then Exit to quit BTCONF.
Figure 2-23. BTCONF Serial Interface Tab
Collecting Almanacs and
Ephemerides
Each satellite broadcasts a navigation message that includes the
ephemeris parameters of the satellite, the almanac, and various other
information. The ephemeris parameters describe the orbital motion of
the satellite and are used to predict its location/trajectory. The
almanac gives the approximate orbit (course) for the transmitting
satellite and all other satellites in the same system.
• GPS and GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris data
cyclically, with a period of 30 seconds.
• GPS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically with a period of
12.5 minutes; GLONASS satellites broadcast almanac data
cyclically with a period of 2.5 minutes.
If the receiver has an almanac, you can considerably reduce the time
needed to search for and lock onto satellite signals.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides
The receiver regularly updates the almanac and ephemerides and
stores the most recent versions in its Non-Volatile Random Access
Memory (NVRAM).
Perform the following to collect Alamac and Ephemerides data:
1. Set up the receiver in a location with a clear view of the sky.
2. Turn on the receiver.
3. Wait for about 15 minutes while the receiver collects complete
almanac and ephemeris data from the satellites.
NOTICE
If 15 minutes have passed and the receiver does not
lock onto satellites, clear the NVRAM. See
“Clearing the NVRAM” on page 5-13 for details.
You will need to collect or update the almanac and ephemerides under
the following circumstances:
• If the receiver has been off for a long time.
• If the last known receiver position, stored in the NVRAM, is
different from the present position by several hundred kilometers.
• After loading a new OAF.
• After loading new firmware.
• After clearing the NVRAM.
• Before surveying.
P/N 7010-0736
2-27
Pre-survey Preparation
Notes:
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Chapter 3
GR-3 Configuration
Both Base and Rover receivers must be configured according to the
survey method needed.
• In applications where real-time positioning results are required,
the Base receiver provides the correction information needed to
properly measure the location of the Rover receiver.
A Base station is normally set up over a known point and collects
GPS/GLONASS data from satellites. As the receiver picks up
satellite data, it measures the carrier and code phases to
accurately compute and verify its location. Then, the receiver
transmits this information via radio (UHF, SS, GSM/GPRS, or
CDMA) to the Rover receiver.
• The Rover receiver applies correction information from the Base
station to its current location to accurately calculate one or more
points.
Rovers are mobile GPS receivers on a survey pole or bipod that
compares the information from the Base station to the data it logs
from satellites and applies correction algorithms to accurately
calculate a new point.
• In applications intended for post-processing, the receivers
typically log code phase and/or carrier phase measurements
separately from common satellites and during the same time
interval. This data is then processed using post-processing
software (for example, Topcon Tools).
P/N 7010-0736
3-1
GR-3 Configuration
When configuring receivers for RTK surveying, use the following
checklist to ensure the receivers are properly set up.
†
Perform pre-survey functions as described in Chapter 2.
†
Configure one receiver as an RTK Base station and the other
receiver as an RTK Rover. See “Configuring the Receiver” on
page 3-25.
†
Configure the communication data link for transmitting and
receiving corrections.
• Spread Spectrum GR-3:
– For Spread Spectrum modem, see “Configuring a Spread
Spectrum Radio Modem” on page 3-4
– For GSM/GPRS modem, see “Configuring a Spread
Spectrum Radio with a GSM Modem” on page 3-10
• Digital UHF GR-3:
– For a Digital UHF modem, see “Configuring a Digital
UHF Radio Modem ” on page 3-13.
– For GSM/GPRS modem, see “Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio with a GSM Radio Modem” on page 3-17.
– For a CDMA modem, see “Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio with a CDMA Modem” on page 3-19.
†
Set up the Base receiver over a known point to begin collecting
static observation data and transmitting corrections. Set up the
Rover receiver to begin collecting RTK data. See “Receiver
Setup” on page 4-1 for more information.
When configuring receivers for post-processing surveying, use
the following checklist to ensure the receivers are properly set up.
†
Perform pre-survey functions as described in Chapter 2.
†
Configure one receiver as a Base station and the other receiver as
a Rover. See “Configuring the Receiver” on page 3-25.
†
Set up the Base receiver over a known point to begin collecting
static observation data. Set up the Rover receiver to begin
3-2
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Radio Modem
collecting static or kinematic observation data. See “Receiver
Setup” on page 4-1 for more information.
Configuring the Radio Modem
Modem-TPS is Topcon’s radio modem configuration utility for
modems embedded in Topcon receivers. Modem-TPS (version 2.2p2
or newer) provides the following functions:
• Connecting a computer to an integrated radio modem via a serial
port or Bluetooth wireless technology.
• Displaying information about the radio modem installed in the
receiver.
• Programming the radio modem’s settings.
See the following sections for details on configuring the receiver with
the following modem types using Modem TPS:
• Spread Spectrum
• Spread Spectrum with GSM
• Digital UHF
• Digital UHF with GSM
• Digital UHF with CDMA
NOTICE
Note that the UHF/SS radio and the GSM radio do
not work simultaneously. Only one radio can be
used at a time.
NOTICE
When finished configuring the radio modem,
always disconnect from Modem-TPS before exiting
to prevent conflicts with serial port management.
Topcon’s configuration and surveying software, TopSURV or
Pocket-3D, also have the ability to configure Topcon receivers. Refer
to the TopSURV or Pocket-3D manuals for details.
P/N 7010-0736
3-3
GR-3 Configuration
Configuring a Spread Spectrum
Radio Modem
For Topcon receivers, the integrated TPS FH915+ radio modem
provides TX/RX spread spectrum communications between a Base
and Rover. To configure a SS radio modem, have the following ready:
• Computer running Windows® 98 or newer
• Modem-TPS ver. 2.2p2 or newer installed on the computer
• A serial cable (or Bluetooth wireless technology capabilities)
Perform the following to configure a spread spectrum radio modem:
1. Connect the computer and receiver. Turn on the receiver.
2. Open Modem-TPS, and select the COM port the receiver is
connected to (Figure 3-1). Click Connect.
Figure 3-1. Connect to Modem-TPS
3. On the Radio Link tab, set the following parameters, and click
Apply (Figure 3-3 on page 3-10).
• Operation mode – select Receiver for Rover stations; select
Transmitter for Base stations; select Off if the radio is not to
be used.
• Output power – enabled only when Transmitter selected, this
field adjusts the transmission power of the Base station’s
radio modem.
3-4
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio Modem
• Link Rate – select the data transmission rate for the RF link;
either 9600, 12000, 17000, 24000, or 51000 bps.
As opposed to a baud rate (the rate of data transfer through a
serial cable interface), the link rate is the amount of data
(measured in bits) the radio modem can transmit/receive over
the air in a specified time period (measured in seconds).
Table 3-1 on page 3-5 shows the relationship between the
radio interface link rates and the serial interface baud rates
used at the transmitter and receiver(s) ends.
Table 3-1. Link Rate vs. Baud Rate Comparison
If data packet
size (in bits)
is between...
Use the following setting for...
Transmitter serial
baud rate (bps)
Link rate (bps)
Receiver serial
baud rate (bps)
0–9600
9600
19200
9600 (recommended)
12000
9600
19200
38400
57600
9600–12000
19200
38400
12000
(recommended)
24000
19200
38400
57600
12000–17000
19200
38400
17000
(recommended)
24000
19200
38400
57600
17000–24000
38400
57600
24000
38400
57600
24000–51000
57600
51000
57600
P/N 7010-0736
3-5
GR-3 Configuration
– With a 9600 link rate, each data packed will be repeated
three times. Additionally, to decrease the affects of
interference, the data packets are encoded. This link rate
provides maximum data communication reliability
(while reducing data throughput).
– With a 12000 link rate, the data packets will be repeated
five times. No encoding is applied.
– With a 17000 link rate, the data packets will be repeated
three times. No encoding is applied.
– With a 24000 link rate, only encoding is used.
– With a 51000 link rate, no repeating or encoding is used.
This link rate provides maximum data throughput (while
reducing data communication reliability).
For maximum efficiency, the data packet size transferred to
the radio modem in a given time should be equal to or less
than the link rate.
• Channel – assign an operating channel to the radio modem.
Each channel uses a unique communication frequency,
allowing up to five simultaneously transmitting radio
modems, without interference, at the jobsite.
A simple wireless network, or a point-to-point network,
comprises of as few as two devices (transmitter and receiver).
With FH modems, a point-to-multipoint network can be used,
where a single transmitter broadcasts data to multiple remote
radios. When establishing the radio communications, ensure
that:
– the transmitter and remote receiver(s) in the same
network use the same channel number. Otherwise, a radio
connection will not be established.
– networks in the same location are assigned to different
channel numbers; otherwise, networks in close proximity
will interfere with each other, and radio communication
may fail.
3-6
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio Modem
Base
Rover
Figure 3-2. Modem-TPS Radio Link Tab
On the Radio Link tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-2) and
click Apply
Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Radio Link Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Protocol
Recommend selecting FH915
for Base and Rover settings,
unless the RE-S1 (Radio
Extension System/Spread
Spectrum Repeater) is being
used. For more information,
see the RE-S1 Operator’s
Manual p/n: 7010-0780.
Rover settings must match the
Base settings
Location
Select the country in which
the receiver will be used.
Operation
mode
Select Off if the radio is
turned off.
Select Receiver.
Select Transmitter.
P/N 7010-0736
3-7
GR-3 Configuration
Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Radio Link Tab (Continued)
Parameter
Base Receiver
Output power
Select the transmission power
for the radio modem.
Link rate
Select the data transmission rate for the radio link.
As opposed to a baud rate (the rate of data transfer through a
serial cable interface), the link rate is the amount of data
(measured in bits) the radio modem can transmit/receive over the
air in a specified time period (measured in seconds).
• 9600 (recommended) – repeats data packet 3 times; packets
are encoded to decrease the affects of interference. This
provides max. data security, but reduces data throughput.
• 12000 – repeats data packets 5 times; no encoding is applied.
• 17000 – repeats data packets 3 times; no encoding applied.
• 24000 – only uses encoding.
• 51000 – uses no repeating or encoding. This provides max.
data throughput, but reduces data communication reliability.
For maximum efficiency, the data packet size transferred to the
radio modem in a given time should be equal to or less than the
link rate. Use the following table to determine the link rate.
Data Packet
Size (in bits)
TX Serial Baud Rate
Rover Receiver
n/a
Link Rate
RX Serial
Baud Rate
0–9600
9600; 19200
9600a; 12000
9600; 19200;
38400; 57600
9600–12000
19200; 38400
12000a;
24000
19200;
38400; 57600
12000–17000
19200; 38400
17000a;
24000
19200;
38400; 57600
17000–24000
38400; 57600
24000
38400; 57600
24000–51000
57600
51000
57600
3-8
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio Modem
Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Radio Link Tab (Continued)
Parameter
Channel
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Assign a channel on which to transmit/receive data. Each
channel uses a unique communication frequency, allowing up to
five simultaneously transmitting radio modems, without
interference, at the jobsite.
• Use the same channel for both receiver in the same network.
• Assign different channels to other networks.
a. Recommended setting for this link rate.
Table 3-3. Receiver Parameters for the Serial Interface Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Baud Rate
Select a baud rate for the modem’s serial port. The same rate
must be used for the receiver and the modem.
RTS/CTS
Controls the flow of data between the receiver and modem.
• On – enables handshaking/hardware flow control.
• Off – disables handshaking.
4. On the Serial Interface tab, select the following baud rate
parameters and click Apply (Figure 3-3).
• Baud Rate – select a baud rate for the modem’s serial port.
The same rate must be used for the receiver and the modem.
• RTS/CTS – controls the flow of data between the receiver and
modem. “On” enables handshaking/hardware flow control.
NOTICE
P/N 7010-0736
If the serial baud rate exceeds the link rate, enable
hardware handshaking to prevent the radio link
from overflowing, resulting in data loss.
3-9
GR-3 Configuration
Figure 3-3. Apply Radio Link and Baud Rate Parameters
5. When finished, click File Disconnect.
Configuring a Spread Spectrum
Radio with a GSM Modem
NOTICE
To comply with RF exposure requirements,
maintain at least 25cm between the user and the
radio modem.
For GR-3 receivers, the integrated TPS SS radio modem configured
with a GSM module provides TX/RX GSM communications between
a Base and Rover, or communication with a GPS network using IP
based connections.
To configure a GSM radio modem, have the following ready:
• Computer running Windows® 98 or newer
• Modem-TPS ver 2.2p2 or newer
• A serial cable or Bluetooth connectivity with a PC
1. Connect the computer and receiver. Turn on the receiver.
3-10
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio with a GSM Modem
2. Open Modem-TPS, and select the COM port the receiver is
connected to (Figure 3-4). Click Connect.
Figure 3-4. Connect to Modem-TPS
3. On the GSM tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-4 on
page 3-11), and click Apply (Figure 3-5 on page 3-12).
If some fields display “N/A,” click Refresh.
Table 3-4. Receiver Parameters for the FCS Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Mode
Select Slave.
PIN
Enter a Personal Identification Number (PIN) if required.
Dial
Leave blank.
Send time
Enter a period of time in seconds in which the base/rover GSM
modem will send a service word to the rover/base GSM modem.
• This parameter is used to maintain reliable communication
between a pair of modems and avoid unnecessary modem reinitialization.
• To ensure reliable and secure modem communication, this
parameter must be larger then the period for transmitting
differential corrections.
If the base and rover are both GR-3 receivers with internal GSM
modems, set the Send time to zero (0).
P/N 7010-0736
Select Master.
Enter the phone number of the
base GSM modem.
3-11
GR-3 Configuration
Figure 3-5. Select GSM Parameters for the Base and Rover
4. To view GSM modem information, click GSM info (Figure 3-6).
Click Quit to return to the GSM tab.
Signal quality is a reading of the strength of the GSM signal. The
lower the number—the closer to zero—the better the signal
quality. The minimum signal (cutoff) is -111db.
Figure 3-6. View GSM Information
3-12
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio Modem
5. On the Serial Interface tab, select a baud rate for the modem’s
serial port. The same rate must be used for both the receiver and
the modem.
6. Click Apply, and then click File Disconnect.
7. If needed, open PC-CDU, and set up the receiver to run as an
RTK Base station.
Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio Modem
NOTICE
To comply with RF exposure requirements,
maintain at least 25cm between the user and the
radio modem.
For the GR-3 Digital UHF, the integrated radio modem provides
TX/RX UHF communications between a Base Station and a Rover.
To configure the UHF radio modem, have the following ready:
• PC running Windows 98 or newer
• Modem-TPS 2.2p2 or newer
• A Serial cable or Bluetooth connectivity with PC
1. Connect the computer and receiver using an RS-232 cable or
Bluetooth wireless technology. Turn on the receiver.
2. Open Modem-TPS and select the COM Port the receiver is
connected to (Figure 3-7 on page 3-14). Click Connect.
P/N 7010-0736
3-13
GR-3 Configuration
Figure 3-7. Connect to Modem-TPS
3. On the Radio Link tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-5)
for the base station’s and rover’s radio modem, and click Apply
(Figure 3-8 on page 3-15).
Table 3-5. Receiver Parameters for the Radio Link Tab
Parameter
Protocol
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
• Select PDL w/EOT to work with Pacific Crest
compatible modems
• Select TRMB to work with Trimble UHF compatible
modems
• Select Simplex to work with TPS Digital UHF
compatible modems
Note: The same protocol must be used for both the base
and rover to communicate properly.
Modulation
• If PDL w/EOT or TRMB protocol is selected, use
GMSK (recommended for most applications).
• If Simplex protocol is selected, use either DBPSK or
DQPSK.
Note: The same modulation must be used for both the
base and rover to communicate properly.
Mode
Select Transmitter
Channel
Select the desired frequency from the channel list.
Note: The same channel must be used for both the base
and rover to communicate properly.
3-14
Select Receiver
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio Modem
Table 3-5. Receiver Parameters for the Radio Link Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Forward Error
Correction (FEC)
Enable to maximize data communication. The rover radio
modem has the capability to check and correct
transmission errors (if any) in an incoming data stream.
Scrambling
• For PDL w/EOT and TRMB protocols, enable
scrambling to provide more robust data
communication over high interference areas.
• Scrambling is not supported when Simplex protocol is
selected.
Output power
Select the transmission
power for the radio
modem (from 10 mW
to 1W).
n/a
Link rate
Select 9600 as the link rate, which is the default link rate
for GMSK (recommended for most applications) and
DBPSK. The link rate is the rate at which data is
transmitted over the RF link.
For maximum efficiency, the data packet size transferred
to the radio modem in a given time should be equal to or
less than the link rate. See Table 3-6 on page 3-16 to
determine the link rate.
Figure 3-8. Apply Radio Link and Baud Rate Parameters
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GR-3 Configuration
Table 3-6. Link Rate vs. Modulation Type
For this Link Rate
Use this Modulation Type
4800 baud
DBPSK
9600 baud (default; recommended)
DBPSK (default; recommended) or
DQPSK
19200 baud
DQPSK
4. On the Serial Interface tab, select the following baud rate
parameters and click Apply (Figure 3-9).
• Baud Rate – select a baud rate for the modem’s serial port.
The same rate must be used for the receiver and the modem.
Recommended baud rate is 38400.
• RTS/CTS – controls the flow of data between the receiver and
modem. “On” enables handshaking/hardware flow control.
NOTICE
If the serial baud rate exceeds the link rate, enable
hardware handshaking to prevent the radio link
from overflowing, resulting in data loss.
5. When finished, click File Disconnect.
6. Click File Exit to close Modem-TPS.
7. Launch PC-CDU and set up the receiver to run as an RTK Base
station.
Figure 3-9. Apply Baud Rate Parameters
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a GSM Radio Modem
Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio with a GSM Radio
Modem
NOTICE
To comply with RF exposure requirements,
maintain at least 25cm between the user and the
radio modem.
For the GR-3 Digital UHF, the integrated radio modem configured
with a Wavecom GSM Module provides TX/RX GSM
communications between a Base and Rover, or communications with
a GPS network using IP based connections. To configure a GSM
modem, have the following ready:
• PC running Windows 98 or newer
• Modem-TPS 2.2p2 or newer
• A Serial cable or Bluetooth connectivity with PC
1. Connect the computer and receiver using an RS-232 cable or
Bluetooth wireless technology. Turn on the receiver.
2. Open Modem-TPS and select the COM Port the receiver is
connected to (Figure 3-10). Click Connect.
Figure 3-10. Connect to Modem-TPS
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GR-3 Configuration
3. On the GSM/CDMA tab, set the following parameters
(Table 3-7 on page 3-18), and click Apply (Figure 3-11 on
page 3-19).
Table 3-7. Receiver Parameters for a GSM Radio Modem
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Model
Shows the model of the Wavecom module and the GSM
band that it uses.
Status
Shows whether the SIM card inserted into the GR-3 is
registered on the service provider’s network. It will report
one of three things:
1. Registered, home network
2. Registered, roaming
3. Not registered
Operator
Shows the service provider on the SIM card inserted into
the GR-3 Digital UHF.
S/N GSM modem
Reports the electronic serial number of the Wavecom
GSM module inside the GR-3 Digital UHF.
Signal quality
Indicates the strength of the GSM signal. The lower the
number – the closer to zero (0) – the better the signal
quality. The minimum signal cutoff is -111 dB.
NOTICE
As long as the SIM card is registered, it will work,
although it may be roaming.
4. Select ON in the Mode drop-down entry box, and then click
Apply to enable the GSM module.
“On” enables handshaking/hardware flow control.
The Wavecom GSM modem can either be in the US GSM band
(GSM 850/1900 MHz as in Figure 3-11 on page 3-19) or the
European GSM band (900/1800 MHz).
5. Click on the GSM/CDMA tab (Figure 3-11 on page 3-19) to view
GSM modem information, and then click Quit to return to the
previous screen.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a CDMA Modem
Wavecom GSM
modem information
Figure 3-11. Enable the GSM Module/View GSM Parameters
6. On the Serial Interface tab (Figure 3-10 on page 3-17), select a
baud rate for the modem’s serial port. For the GR-3 digital UHF,
the baud rate must be set to 115200. The same rate must be used
for both the receiver and the modem.
7. Click Apply (Figure 3-11), and then click File Disconnect.
8. If needed, open PC-CDU and set up the receiver to run as an RTK
Base station.
Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio with a CDMA Modem
To configure the internal CDMA modem, have the following items
ready:
• A computer running Modem-TPS software (version 2.3p0 or
newer)
• An RS-232 cable or Bluetooth® wireless capability
• A GR-3 receiver with internal CDMA modem, including one of
the following part numbers:
• P/N: 01-050901-24 (Sprint)
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GR-3 Configuration
• P/N: 01-050901-25 (Verizon)
To activate the internal CDMA modem, you must first set up an
account with a service provider.
Setting Up an Account
Before you can activate the internal CDMA modem, you need to set
up an account with a service provider. The service providers listed
below currently support the internal CDMA modem:
• Verizon Wireless: 1-800-922-0204
• Sprint: 1-800-SPRINT1 or 1-877-349-4413 (existing customers)
Contact one of these service providers to set up a data plan
(preferably an unlimited data plan to avoid overage fees) or add a data
plan to an existing account. When contacting either of these service
providers, have the following information ready:
• The IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) is a 15-digit
number. For example: 310000000008164
• The ESN (Electronic Serial Number) is eight characters and is
alpha-numeric. For example: F60E1594
To find the IMEI and ESN numbers:
1. Connect the computer running Modem-TPS and the receiver
using an RS-232 cable or Bluetooth® wireless technology.
2. Turn on the GR-3 receiver.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a CDMA Modem
3. Open Modem-TPS, and select COM1 as the port to which the
receiver is connected. Click Connect.
Figure 3-12. Connect to Modem-TPS
The Digital UHF Modem page appears with the Radio Link tab
open.
Figure 3-13. Digital UHF Modem
4. Select the GSM/CDMA tab.
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GR-3 Configuration
5. If the Mode is turned Off, then select On from the drop-down
menu, and click Apply.
Figure 3-14. GSM/CDMA Tab - Mode ON
6. Once the Mode is turned on, click Cell Modem Info to display
the ESN and IMEI numbers.
Figure 3-15. ESN and IMEI Numbers
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a CDMA Modem
Sprint users must obtain the following numbers from the service
provider when setting up the data plan in order to activate the internal
CDMA modem:
• The MSL (Master Subsidy Lock) or SPC (Service Provisioning
Code) is a 6-digit number
• The MDN (Mobile Directory Number) is a 10-digit number
• The MSID (Mobile Station ID) is a 10-digit number
These numbers are not necessary for Verizon Wireless users.
Activating the Internal CDMA Modem
Once you have an account set up (See “Setting Up an Account” on
page 3-20.), you need to activate the CDMA modem before you can
use it.
To activate the CDMA modem:
1. Repeat steps 1-5 of “Setting Up an Account” on page 3-20.
2. On the Digital UHF Modem page, click Module Activation to
begin activating the modem.
Figure 3-16. Starting the Module Activation
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GR-3 Configuration
Verizon users will see an activation progress bar, and no other
action is required.
Figure 3-17. Verizon Modem Activation
For Sprint users, the Activation page appears.
Figure 3-18. MSL, MDN, and MSID Numbers
3. (Sprint Users Only) Enter the 6-digit MSL, 10-digit MDN, and
10-digit MSID numbers, and then click Proceed to begin
activating the modem. After a few minutes the modem is
activated.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Receiver
4. Click Quit on the Digital UHF Modem page to begin exiting
Modem-TPS.
5. On the GSM/CDMA tab, click File Disconnect and then
File Exit to close Modem-TPS.
The CDMA modem is activated and ready to use.
Configuring the Receiver
The GR-3 can be configured in several ways for collecting data for
RTK or post-processing.
• A static Base station collects measurement information and saves
this data to its internal memory.
• An RTK Base station collects measurement information,
determines differential corrections, and transmits them to the
RTK Rover(s).
• A static Rover collects observation data from the same satellites
during the same time interval as the static Base station.
• An RTK Rover collects measurement information and accepts
corrections from the RTK Base station to compute its relative
position.
• A Rover acting as a repeater to re-transmit RTK Base station
measurements to other rover receivers, extending the range of a
GPS system.
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GR-3 Configuration
To configure, manage files, or maintain the receiver, connect the
receiver and a computer using one of the following methods, and start
PC-CDU:
• use a Bluetooth-enabled external device (computer)
• use an RS232 cable
• use a USB cable and a computer with the TPS USB driver
installed (available on the TPS website at
www.topconpositioning.com)
PC-CDU is Personal Computer-Control Display Unit software used
to manage the various functions of your receiver. The full range of
PC-CDU configuration and function is outside the scope of this
manual. For more information on any of the procedures in this section
or on PC-CDU, refer to the PC-CDU User’s Manual available on the
TPS website at www.topconpositioning.com.
PC-CDU configures the various parts of the receiver, saving the
settings in the receiver’s memory. These settings will be reflected
when you use the MINTER. The full range of PC-CDU configuration
and function is outside the scope of this manual.
Once you have established a connection between the receiver and the
computer, you can:
• configure the receiver and its components
• send commands to the receiver
• download files from the receiver’s memory
• load a new OAF and other configuration files to a receiver
The following Base and Rover configurations are recommended for
the most common applications; however, you can select configuration
parameters as needed for your particular jobsite.
WARNING
Do not make other changes without consulting the
PC-CDU Reference Manual.
1. Connect the receiver and computer as described in “Connecting
the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Receiver
2. Start PC-CDU on your computer. The PC-CDU main screen
displays (Figure 3-19).
Figure 3-19. PC-CDU Main Screen
Notice that the lower-left hand corner shows the receiver status as
“Disconnected”.
3. Click File Connect.
4. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, select the following
parameters (Table 3-8), and click Connect (Figure 3-20).
Table 3-8. Connection Parameters
Parameter
RS232 or Bluetooth
USB
Connection
Mode
Select Direct.
Port
Select the port connecting the
computer and receiver
(typically COM1, COM2 for
RS232 and COM3, COM4
for Bluetooth)
Select USB
Baud Rate
Select the communication rate
between the receiver and the
computer (usually 115200).
n/a
Rec ID
n/a
Select the receiver’s
identification number.
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GR-3 Configuration
RS232 or Bluetooth
USB
Figure 3-20. Connection Parameters
Once a PC-CDU connection with the receiver has been
established, the current communications settings—such as, port
name, baud rate (if applicable), and flow control (if applicable)—
display in the lower-left corner of the main window of PC-CDU.
A timer begins to count up in the lower-right corner as well
(Figure 3-21).
Figure 3-21. PC-CDU Connection Established
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Receiver
5. Select Configuration
NOTICE
Receiver.
Click Apply after making any configuration
change; otherwise, the receiver will not register the
change.
6. Click Set all parameters to defaults (Figure 3-22).
Figure 3-22. Set All Parameters to Defaults
7. Click the MINTER tab, and configure the following settings
(Table 3-9), then click Apply (Figure 3-23).
Table 3-9. Receiver Parameters for the MINTER Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Recording
interval
Enter 15 seconds.
Elevation
mask angle
Enter 15 degrees.
File name
prefix
Enter a unique ID, such as the last 3 digits of receiver’s serial
number.
FN key mode
(starts/stops data recording using the FUNCTION key)
For Static data recording,
select LED blink mode switch.
P/N 7010-0736
For RTK data recording,
select Occupation mode
switch.
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GR-3 Configuration
Table 3-9. Receiver Parameters for the MINTER Tab (Continued)
Parameter
Initial data
collection
dynamic
mode
Base Receiver
n/a
Rover Receiver
Select Kinematic.
(This setting is for trajectory
surveys.)
Static
RTK Rover
Figure 3-23. Configure Receiver’s MINTER for Data Recording
8. Click the Positioning tab, and set the Elevation mask to 15
(Figure 3-24), then click Apply.
Figure 3-24. Configure Receiver Positioning – Elevation Mask
9. For the Base receiver, click the Base tab, and set the following
parameters (Figure 3-25 on page 3-31), then click Apply.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Receiver
• GPS/GLO at one time – enable
• Antenna position – enter Lat, Lon, and Alt values using one
of the following methods:
– If known, type in the values.
– Enable Averaged, and enter the Averaged Span in
seconds, then click Apply. Click Tools Reset receiver
and wait until the specified interval (span) completes.
Examine the Base coordinates on the Base tab; they
should correspond to the coordinates obtained from the
average. Click Refresh if the coordinates are zeros.
– Click Get from receiver.
NOTICE
The reference geodetic coordinates specified on this
tab relate to the antenna L1 phase center.
Figure 3-25. Base Configuration
10. For the Rover receiver, click the Rover tab, and set the following
parameters, then click Apply (Figure 3-26 on page 3-32).
• Positioning Mode – For post-processed surveys, select
Standalone; for RTK surveys, select RTK float or RTK fixed.
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GR-3 Configuration
• RTK Parameters, RTK mode – select either Extrapolation for
RTK float (kinematic) or Delay for RTK fixed (static).
– Extrapolation is for low-latency, high frequency output
( ≥ 5 Hz) RTK applications. The Rover will extrapolate
the Base station’s carrier phase measurement corrections
when computing the Rover's current RTK position.
This setting (extrapolation) is recommended.
– Delay is for 1 Hz high precision RTK applications. The
Rover RTK engine computes either a delayed RTK
position (for the epoch to which the newly received
RTCM/CMR message corresponds) or the current standalone position (while waiting for new RTCM/CMR
messages coming from the base).
• RTK Parameters, Dynamics – select Static or Kinematic.
• RTK Parameters, Ambiguity fixing level – (not applicable to
RTK Float) select either Low, Medium, or High for indicator
states of 95%, 99.5%, or 99.9%, respectively. The RTK
engine uses the ambiguity fix indicator when making
decisions whether or not to fix ambiguities. The higher the
specified confidence level, the longer the integer ambiguity
search time.
Figure 3-26. Rover Configuration
Continue with step 11 for RTK surveys or step 12 on page 3-34.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Configuring the Receiver
11. For RTK surveys, click the Ports tab and set the following port
parameters for the serial port (Table 3-10), then click Apply
(Figure 3-27 on page 3-34).
NOTICE
For post-processed surveys, keep the default values
for these parameters.
Table 3-10. Receiver Parameters for the Ports Tab
Parameter
Base Receiver
Rover Receiver
Input
n/a (Leave the default.)
Select the same differential
correction format selected for
the Base.
Output
Select the type and format of
differential corrections.
Select “None”.
Period (sec)
Enter the interval at which the
receiver transmits differential
corrections.
n/a (Leave the default.)
Baud rate
Select a baud rate to use for transmitting differential messages
from the receiver board to the modem module
The baud rate must match the modem’s serial port speed.
RTS/CTS
Select to enable handshaking.
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GR-3 Configuration
Base
Rover
Figure 3-27. Base and Rover Configuration for RTK Surveys – Ports
12. Click the Advanced tab and then the Multipath tab. Set the
following parameters, and click Apply (Figure 3-28 on
page 3-34).
• Code multipath reduction – enable
• Carrier multipath reduction – enable
Figure 3-28. Configure Mulitpath Parameters
13. Click OK to save the settings and close the dialog box.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
MINTER Configuration
Once the receiver is configured, the configuration remains until
you change it using PC-CDU/TopSURV/Pocket-3D or clearing
the NVRAM.
For more details on the settings available for configuring the Base
and Rover receivers, refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual.
14. Continue with other configuration activities or click File
Disconnect, then File Exit to quit PC-CDU. Disconnecting
before exiting ensures proper port management.
NOTICE
Disconnect the receiver from PC-CDU before
exiting to eliminate possible conflicts with the
management of the computer’s serial ports.
MINTER Configuration
The Minimum INTERface (MINTER) consists of two keys (power
and FUNCTION) that control the receiver’s operation, four LEDs
(STAT, REC, RX/TX, and BT) that display the receiver’s operational
status, and two LEDs that display the battery status (Figure 3-29).
REC
RX TX
STAT
BT
Battery
FUNCTION
Battery
FUNCTION
Power
Button
FUNCTION
Button
Figure 3-29. MINTER
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GR-3 Configuration
The MINTER performs the following functions. For more
information on using the MINTER, see “MINTER Operation” on
page 4-8.
• Turns the receiver on or off; puts it in Sleep mode.
• Turns data recording on or off (FUNCTION button).
• Changes the receiver’s information mode.
• Shows the number of GPS (green) and GLONASS (orange)
satellites being tracked (STAT LED).
• Shows the data recording status (REC LED).
• Shows each time data is recorded to internal memory (REC
LED).
• Shows the status of post-processing mode (static or dynamic)
when performing a Post-Processing Kinematic survey with the
help of FN key (REC LED).
• Shows the status (high charge, intermediate charge, or low
charge) of the battery (BATT LED).
• Shows the power status for the receiver (BATT LED).
• Shows the status of the modem and if it receives signals (TX RX
LED).
• Shows Bluetooth activity (BT LED).
Use PC-CDU to configure MINTER settings. The procedure below
describes the most common settings; refer to the PC-CDU Reference
Manual for other possible MINTER configurations.
To configure MINTER:
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. On the PC-CDU Main window, click File Connect.
3. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS
handshaking (Figure 3-30).
See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for
details on setting other parameters.
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MINTER Configuration
4. Click Connect.
Figure 3-30. Connection Parameters – MINTER Settings
5. Click Configuration Receiver, and then click the MINTER
tab. Set the following parameters, and click Apply (Figure 3-31).
See the following pages for descriptions of these parameters.
• Recording interval on page 3-38
• Elevation mask for log file on page 3-38
• File name prefix on page 3-38
• Always append to the file on page 3-38
• Files Creation mode on page 3-39
• Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) on page 3-39
• FN key mode on page 3-40
• Initial data collection dynamic mode on page 3-40
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GR-3 Configuration
• Data recording auto-start on page 3-41
Figure 3-31. Receiver Configuration – MINTER Tab
Recording Interval parameter This parameter specifies the logging
rate of the log file when the MINTER FN button (pressed for 1–5
seconds) activates data logging. This setting is used for both logging a
single log file and logging receiver data in AFRM mode. Values are
1–86400 seconds. The default value is one second.
Elevation Mask for Log File parameter This parameter specifies the
minimum elevation angle for the satellites whose data is put in the
receiver files logged when pressing FN. The default value is five
degrees.
File Name Prefix parameter This parameter specifies the prefix
added to the names of receiver files created when pressing FN. The
prefix can be up to 20 characters long. The default value for the Name
Prefix is “log.”
Log file names have the following structure:
<prefix><month><day><sequential alphabet letter>
The file name depends on both the file creation time (month and day)
and additional letter suffixes to avoid confusion between files created
on the same day.
Always Append to the File parameter If you want new receiver
data to be appended to an existing log file, enter the desired file name
in this parameter. The setting can be up to 20 characters long.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
MINTER Configuration
Files Creation Mode parameter This parameter has the following
operation modes:
• Log file – If the log file radio button has been selected, pressing
the FN closes the current log file. If data logging is off, pressing
FN opens a new log file.
• AFRM – If AFRM radio button has been selected, pressing FN
enables this mode. If AFRM has been enabled, pressing FN
disables this mode.
Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) parameters TPS receivers
are capable of automatically rotating log files. During a “file rotation”
event, the receiver closes the current file and opens a new one
according to a user-defined schedule. The Period and Phase
parameters specify this schedule. File rotation launches the moment
the receiver time module Period is equal to Phase. More precisely, a
new log file opens immediately before the scheduled epoch causing
data tagged with this epoch to be recorded to the new log file.
When opening a new log file, the receiver enables the default set of
messages output with the default output period. Both the default set of
messages and the default output period are programmable.
• Period – specifies the time duration of each log file created in
AFRM mode. Values are 60 to 86400 seconds; default value is
3600 seconds.
• Phase – specifies the “phase” (constant time shift) of creating
multiple log files in AFRM mode. Values are 0 to 86400 seconds;
default value is zero seconds.
• Files (total) – a counter that specifies how many multiple log files
must be created in AFRM until this mode automatically turns off.
This counter decrements on every file rotation until it value
becomes zero, then file rotation automatically stops. The counter
initializes with AFRM.
Note that a log file opens immediately after turning AFRM on.
This startup file is not considered a file rotation event; the AFRM
counter will not decrement.
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GR-3 Configuration
Values are 0 to [231-1]; default value is 0 (zero). Zero means that
an unlimited number of log files are created.
NOTICE
The receiver’s memory holds up to 512 files.
• Files (remain) – specifies the number of files left for the receiver
to create in AFRM. Values are 0 to [231-1]; default value is zero.
• Automatically remove old files – when no free memory is
available to log data, automatically removes the earliest log file. If
this parameter is enabled, then the receiver will erase the file with
the earliest file creation time/date. AFRM must be enabled to use
this FIFO (First-In, First-Out) feature. The default value is off
(disabled).
FN Key Mode parameter Use these two radio buttons to program
how the receiver reacts when pressing the FN key.
• LED blink mode switch – pressing FN toggles between the
MINTER’s normal/extended information modes and start/stop
data recording of Static survey.
– FN pressed for less than 1 second: changes the information
mode (Normal or Extended Information Modes).
– FN pressed for 1 to 5 seconds: starts or stops data recording
(Static post-processing mode).
• Occupation mode switch – pressing FN (less than one second)
inserts a message into the corresponding log file, indicating that
the survey type changed from static to kinematic, or vice versa. If
the REC LED blinks green, the current mode is dynamic, if it
blinks orange, the current mode is static. For more details, see
Table 1-2 on page 1-14 and refer to the PC-CDU Reference
Manual.
Initial Data Collection Dynamic Mode parameter These radio
buttons specify the starting occupation type descriptor inserted at the
beginning of receiver files logged. Select Static or Kinematic to
specify that the corresponding log file starts with a static (STOP) or
kinematic (GO, Trajectory) occupation, respectively.
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MINTER Configuration
Data Recording Auto-start parameter These radio buttons allow
you to program your receiver’s behavior in the event of a power
failure.
Table 3-11 describes the different scenarios available and the results
after power is restored to the receiver. “Specified file” refers to the file
name entered in the Always append to file field.
Table 3-11. Data Recording Parameter Behavior
Before
Power
Failure
Enabled Radio Button Results
Off
On
Always
Receiver data
logged to file
specified.
Data logging
does not resume
when power is
restored.
Receiver resumes
data logging to the
same file when
power is restored.
Receiver resumes
data logging to the
same file when power
is restored.
Receiver data
logged to
default file.
Data logging
does not resume
when power is
restored.
A new log file
opens when power
is restored, and
data logs to this
file.
A new log file opens
when power is
restored, and data
logs to this file.
File specified;
receiver data
logging not
started.
File will not open
with this name.
Data logging
does not start
when power is
restored.
File will not open
with this name.
Data logging does
not start when
power is restored.
A log file with this
name opens, and data
logging starts after
power is restored.
No file
specified;
receiver data
logging off.
Data logging will
not start when
power is restored.
Data logging will
not start when
power is restored.
A log file with a
default name opens,
and data logging
starts after power is
restored.
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GR-3 Configuration
Also, if Always is enabled, the receiver automatically logs data (to a
newly created or an existing file) in the following three cases:
• After turning on the receiver using the power button.
• After resetting the receiver (using PC-CDU).
• After taking the receiver out of Sleep Mode.
Figure 3-32. MINTER Tab
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Chapter 4
GR-3 Receiver Setup
and Survey
After receiver survey configuration, set up each receiver, measure its
height, and begin surveying. The MINTER provides quick access for:
logging data, changing receiver modes, and viewing general data
logging and satellite information during a survey.
Receiver Setup
A typical GPS survey system consists of a Base station set up over a
known point and a Rover receiver set up to be a mobile data collector.
After setting up the Base and Rover receivers, the antenna height
must be measured.
Before collecting data, make sure the Base and Rover receivers
contain a current almanac and current ephemeris data (see “Collecting
Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 2-26).
Step 1: Set up the Receivers
The Base station must be set up, logging data, and transmitting data
before setting up the Rover receiver.
†
Set up the Base station and its components.
See “To set up the Base receiver” on page 4-2 for details.
Refer to the GB-500/1000 manual for details on setting up a GB500/1000 Base station.
†
Set up the Rover receiver.
See “To set up the Rover receiver” on page 4-3 for details.
P/N 7010-0736
4-1
GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
To set up the Base receiver (Figure 4-1):
1. Install a tripod over a known control point.
2. Secure the universal tribrach to the tripod. Place the tribrach
adapter (either universal or precision) on the tribrach and tighten
the screws.
3. Insert the L-plug (horizontal spacer) into the precision tribrach
adapter.
4. Attach the GR-3 receiver (or PG-A1 antenna) to the tribrach
adapter. Attach the desired antenna to the antenna connector.
5. Carefully level the tripod and tighten the screws.
6. If using a GB-500/1000 receiver, attach it to the tripod and
connect it to the PG-A1 antenna using the GPS antenna cable.
7. Attach any other accessories as needed (for example, a backup
power supply).
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Setup
GR-3 Receiver
Horizontal Spacer
Tribrach Adapter (Precision)
Universal Tribrach
Figure 4-1. Install Tripod and Receiver over Control Point
To set up the Rover receiver (Figure 4-2 on page 4-4):
1. If needed, attach the quick disconnect to the bipod/range pole.
NOTICE
Use a bipod during post-process surveys to ensure
the antenna/receiver does not move during data
logging.
2. Attach the GR-3 receiver to the quick disconnect. Make sure the
receiver locks into place.
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
3. Attach the antenna to the modem antenna connector.
GR-3 Recevier
Quick disconnect
5/8 inch screw
Lock
Figure 4-2. Connect GR-3 Receiver to Bipod
Step 2: Measure Antenna Height
The location of the antenna relative to the point being measured is
very important for both surveys in which the elevation of the points is
important and in surveys for horizontal location only. Horizontal
surveys are often larger in area than can reliably fit on a flat plane,
therefore the antenna adjustment must be done in three dimensions
and then projected onto a two dimensional plane.
The receiver calculates the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center.
To determine the coordinates of the station marker, specify the
following:
• Measured height of the antenna above the station marker
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Setup
• Method of measuring the antenna height
• Model of the antenna used
Antennas have two types of measurements:
• Vertical – measured from the marker to the antenna reference
point (ARP) located on the bottom of the receiver at the base of
the mounting threads.
• Slant – measured from the marker to the lower edge of the
antenna slant height measure mark (SHMM) located on both end
panels of the receiver.
The surveying point that GPS/GLONASS measures is called the
“Phase Center” of the antenna. The Phase Center is analogous to the
point that a distance meter measures in a prism. Enter the prism
offset to compensate for this point not being at a physical surface of
the prism. For a GPS/GLONASS antenna, the offset entered depends
on the type of measurement taken.
• For vertical, the offset is simply added to the measured vertical
height to produce a “true” vertical height.
• For slant height, the vertical height must first be calculated using
the radius of the antenna, then the offset can be added.
The offsets are different because of the difference in location between
the slant measuring point and the vertical measuring point.
1. Measure the antenna height above the control point or marker,
either the slant height or the vertical height
(Figure 4-3 on page 4-6).
2. Record the antenna height, point name, and start time in the field
notes.
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
66.5mm
234.5mm
228mm
228mm
228mm
A
168mm
B
A = ARP to edge = 78.3
B = ARP to corner = 95.8
Slant Height
to Base of
Corner on
Gray Bumper
Vertical Height
to ARP
49mm
Station Marker
or
Tip of RTK Pole
When measuring the height of
the Rover antenna, include the
height of the Quick Disconnect.
Figure 4-3. Antenna Offset Measurements
• SHMM to ARP vertical offset = 168mm
• SHMM to ARP radius = 78.3mm to side; 95.8mm to corner
Table 4-1 gives the offset values for the receivers.
Table 4-1. Offset Values for GR-3 Receiver
ARP To L1 Phase Center
Up
4-6
228.8 MM.
ARP To L2 Phase Center
216.3 MM.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Setup
Step 3: Collect Data
See the remaining sections in this chapter for more information on
collecting data.
1. Turn on the receiver. The STAT (status) light (LED) initially
blinks red.
2. Once the receiver has locked on to one or more satellites, the
STAT light blinks green for GPS satellites and orange for
GLONASS satellites. A short red blink indicates that the receiver
has not solved a position. Four or more satellites provide optimal
positioning.
3. Once the short red blink is gone, the receiver has a position and
surveying can begin; wait for green and orange lights before
beginning data collection. This ensures that the receiver has the
correct date and time, and is locked on to enough satellites to
ensure good quality data.
The process of locking on to satellites normally takes less than
one minute. In a new area, under heavy tree canopy, or after
resetting the receiver, it may take several minutes.
4. To begin collecting data, press and hold the FN key (for more
than one second and less than five seconds).
5. Release the FN key when the REC (recording) LED turns green.
This indicates that a file has opened and data collection has
started. The REC LED blinks each time data is saved to the
internal memory.
TIP
Use PC-CDU to configure data logging. See
“MINTER Configuration” on page 3-35 or refer to
the PC-CDU Reference Manual.
6. When finished, press and hold the FN key until the REC LED
light goes out.
7. To turn off the receiver, press and hold the power key until all
lights go out, then release.
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
MINTER Operation
The MINTER is the receiver’s minimum interface used to display and
control data input and output (Figure 4-4).
REC
RX TX
STAT
BT
Battery
FUNCTION
Battery
FUNCTION
Power
Button
FUNCTION
Button
Figure 4-4. GR-3 MINTER
The MINTER performs numerous functions, including the following:
• Turns the receiver on or off.
• Turns data recording on or off (FN key).
• Changes the receiver’s information mode.
• Shows the number of GPS (green) and GLONASS (orange)
satellites being tracked (STAT LED).
• Shows the data recording status and each time data is recorded to
internal memory (REC LED).
• Shows the status of post-processing mode (static or dynamic)
during a post-processed kinematic survey (REC LED).
• Shows the status (high charge, intermediate charge, or low
charge) of the battery (BATT LED).
• Shows the power status for the receiver (BATT LED).
• Shows the status of the modem and if it receives signals (RX TX
LED).
• Shows Bluetooth activity (BT LED).
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
MINTER Operation
See “MINTER” on page 1-11 for a full description of the MINTER.
To turn on/off the receiver, press the power button (Figure 4-5 on
page 4-9).
• When turning on, press the power button until the MINTER’s
LEDs briefly flash.
• When turning off, press the power button until the LEDs go out,
then release.
Press the power
button for about 1
second to turn the
receiver on/off.
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
Power
Button
Figure 4-5. Power Button Functions
To start/stop logging data, press the FN button for 1–5 seconds
(Figure 4-6).
• During data recording, the REC LED is green. Use PC-CDU to
set the recording time interval. See “Recording Interval
parameter” on page 3-38 for details.
• The REC LED blinks green each time data is written to the SD/
MMC memory.
• If the REC LED is red, the receiver has run out of memory, has a
hardware problem, has no SD/MMC card, or contains an
improper OAF (see “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on
page 1-26 for more information).
Use PC-CDU to enable the desired FN key mode in the receiver,
either “LED blink mode switch” for static surveys or “Occupation
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
mode switch” for kinematic surveys. See “FN Key Mode parameter”
on page 3-40 for details.
Each time you turn off or on data recording, either a new file opens or
data appends to a particular file. See “Always Append to the File
parameter” on page 3-38 and “Files Creation Mode parameter” on
page 3-39 for information on setting these functions.
Press the FUNCTION
button for 1–5
seconds to start/stop
data logging.
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
Button
Figure 4-6. FUNCTION Button Functions
To toggle between post-processing modes, press the FN button
for less than 1 second when “Occupation mode switch” has been
enabled using PC-CDU.
To change the information mode of the receiver, press the FN
button for less than 1 second when “LED blink mode switch” has
been enabled using PC-CDU.
To change the baud rate of the receiver’s serial port, press the
FN button for 5–8 seconds. This is useful if the data collector does
not support the rate that the receiver port is set to.
After about five seconds, the REC LED becomes red. Release the FN
button during the next three seconds.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Static Surveying for Base Stations
Static Surveying for Base
Stations
Static surveying is the classic survey method, well suited for all kinds
of baselines (short, medium, long). At least two receiver antennas,
plumbed over survey marks, simultaneously collect raw data at each
end of a baseline during a certain period of time. These two receivers
track four or more common satellites, have a common data logging
rate (5–30 seconds), and the same elevation mask angles. The length
of the observation sessions can vary from a few minutes to several
hours. The optimal observation session length depends on the
surveyor’s experience as well as the following factors:
• The length of the baseline measured
• The number of satellites in view
• The satellite geometry (DOP)
• The antenna’s location
• The ionospheric activity level
• The types of receivers used
• The accuracy requirements
• The necessity of resolving carrier phase ambiguities
Generally, single-frequency receivers are used for baselines whose
lengths do not exceed 15 kilometers (9.32 miles). For baselines of 15
kilometers or greater, use dual-frequency receivers.
Dual-frequency receivers have two major benefits. First, dualfrequency receivers can estimate and remove almost all ionospheric
effect from the code and carrier phase measurements, providing much
greater accuracy than single-frequency receivers over long baselines
or during ionospheric storms. Secondly, dual-frequency receivers
need less observation time to reach the required accuracy.
After the survey completes, data the receivers collect can be
downloaded onto a computer and processed using post-processing
software (for example, Topcon Tools).
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
Kinematic (Stop & Go)
Surveying for Rover Stations
In a kinematic stop and go survey, the stationary receiver (Base
station) is set up at a known point such as a survey monument, or an
unknown point. The receiver continually tracks satellites and logs raw
data into its memory. The Rover receiver is set up at an unknown
point and collects data in static mode for 2 to 10 minutes. When
finished, assign the Rover to kinematic status and move to the next
survey point. At this point, and each subsequent point, the receiver
changes to static mode to collect data. The Rover is in kinematic
mode when moving. The Rover is in static mode while collecting
data.
Perform the following to set up kinematic surveying for Rover
Stations:
1. Set up the Rover at an unknown point and press power. Allow the
Rover to collect static data for two to ten minutes. The REC LED
will be orange.
2. Check the STAT light for satellites tracked.
3. When finished, press the FN button for less than 1 second to
assign the Rover to kinematic.
TIP
Remember, if the REC LED blinks green, the
current mode is dynamic, if it blinks orange, the
current mode is static.
4. Move the Rover to the next location (survey point), and press the
FN button for less than a second to collect the data in static mode
for two to ten minutes.
5. Repeat steps three and four until all points have been surveyed.
The occupation time for the points depends on the same factors as
for the static survey method.
6. When finished, press the FN button for one to five seconds to stop
logging data. Turn off the Rover if needed.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Real Time Kinematic Surveying
This method of GPS survey allows the operator to reduce the point
occupation time, thus permitting field crews to survey many more
points compared to the other methods available.
Real Time Kinematic
Surveying
In RTK surveying, one receiver serves as the reference station. The
receiver conducts observations with its antenna affixed to a stationary
tripod or another device. The second receiver functions as a rover, and
conducts observations (using an antenna) affixed to a mobile pole and
moved to observation points.
Unlike post-processed kinematic surveys, RTK surveys uses a
communications link between the Base and Rover. Using a radio
modem link, the Base receiver transmits its measurement and location
data to the Rover receiver. The Rover, based on the transmitted data
and its own observation data, immediately conducts a baseline
analysis and outputs the results. For specific settings used in RTK
surveys, see “Configuring the Radio Modem” on page 3-3 and
“Configuring the Receiver” on page 3-25.
If using PC-CDU to monitor an RTK Rover receiver, check the LQ
field on the main screen (Figure 4-7 on page 4-14) to ensure the
receiver obtains differential corrections. Usually, the receiver starts to
output the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center along with the
solution type within 10–30 seconds. However, spread spectrum radios
and GSM phones may take as long as 60 seconds to synchronize.
The geodetic coordinates displayed on the Geo tab are always
computed in WGS84 and have four solution types.
• Standalone – where the receiver computes 3D coordinates in
autonomous mode without using differential corrections.
• Code differential – where the Rover receiver computes the current
relative coordinate in differential mode using only pseudo ranges.
• RTK float – where the Rover receiver computes the current
relative coordinates in differential mode using both pseudo ranges
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GR-3 Receiver Setup and Survey
and phases; however, with a float solution, the phase ambiguity is
not a fixed integer number and the “float” estimate is used
instead.
• RTK fixed – where the Rover receiver computes current relative
coordinates, with ambiguity fixing, in differential mode.
The LQ field reflects the status of the received differential messages
and contains the following information:
• Data link quality in percentage
• Time (in seconds) elapsed since the last received message
• Total number of received correct messages (dependent on the
message type received)
• Total number of received corrupt messages (dependent on the
message type received)
If the receiver is not (for some reason) receiving differential
corrections, or if none of the ports have been configured to receive
differential corrections, the LQ field is either be empty or looks like
this: 100% (999,0000,0000).
Figure 4-7. PC-CDU Main Screen
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Chapter 5
Receiver and File
Maintenance
If post-processing the data after completing a survey, the data in the
receiver’s memory needs to download to a computer. Downloading
and deleting files prepares the receiver’s memory for the next survey.
Occasionally, the receiver’s NVRAM may need to be cleared to
eliminate communication or tracking problems.
As project expectations expand, the receiver’s OAF may need to be
updated to provide expanded operation and functionality. The various
boards inside the receiver (GPS, power, modem, and Bluetooth)
require firmware to properly operate and provide appropriate
functionality. As TPS releases firmware updates, loading these
updates into the receiver will ensure the receiver operates at its full
potential.
Downloading Files to a
Computer
After completing a survey, download data files to a computer for
storage, post-processing, or backup. Also, the receiver memory holds
a finite amount of files and information, so downloading data prevents
files from being lost. PC-CDU and Topcon Link both provide file
managers to download files from the receiver to your computer, and
to delete files from the receiver. PC-CDU Lite and Topcon Link are
both free utilities available via your Topcon Dealer or the Topcon
website (www.topconpositioning.com).
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Downloading Files via Topcon Link
Topcon Link provides two options for downloading files from a
receiver: via Windows® Explorer or via the Topcon Link interface.
Before you can download files, you must connect your receiver and
computer (see “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 2-20 for this procedure).
...Using Windows Explorer
Perform the following to download files using Windows Explorer:
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. Open Windows Explorer and click the Topcon Receiver folder.
The right panel of the window displays the automatic start of
searching for Topcon receivers connected to any of the computer
ports (COM and USB) (Figure 5-1).
When finished, all receivers connected to the computer ports
(Figure 5-1) display.
Figure 5-1. Searching and Finding Topcon Receivers in Windows Explorer
3. To stop searching for receivers when the receiver has been found,
click Stop. Only the discovered receivers display.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Downloading Files to a Computer
Figure 5-2. Break Of Searching Receivers
4. To update information about the receivers connected to the
computer port, click Search for connected receivers.
5. To view information about the receiver (Figure 5-3), right-click
the receiver, and select the Properties option.
6. To view the raw file, click on the receiver.
Figure 5-3. Receiver Properties
7. To import the file(s) from the receiver to a folder, select the
file(s), and copy to the folder using drag-and-drop method
(Figure 5-4).
Figure 5-4. Start of File Import from the TPS Receiver/Import in Progress
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Receiver and File Maintenance
...Using Topcon Link
Perform the following to download files using Topcon Link:
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. To start Topcon Link, click the Import from Device button on
the Toolbar.
3. From the left panel of the Import from Device dialog box,
double-click Topcon Receivers (Figure 5-5).
Figure 5-5. Import From Device Window
The program automatically searches for Topcon receivers connected
to the computer ports (COM and USB). When finished all receivers
connected to the computer ports (Figure 5-6) display.
Figure 5-6. Search for Topcon Receivers
4. To view information about the receiver, right-click the receiver
and select the Properties option (Figure 5-7 on page 5-5).
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Downloading Files to a Computer
Figure 5-7. Receiver Properties
5. In the right panel of the Import From Device window, navigate to
and select, or create, a folder to save the files (Figure 5-8).
6. To view the collected raw file, double click (or click Select in the
pop-up menu) the receiver. To import the file(s) from the receiver
to the computer and to save in the selected folder, highlight the
file(s) and click the double arrows
(Figure 5-8).
7. The import in progress displays (Figure 5-8).
Figure 5-8. Select the Raw Data File to Import and View Import Progress
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Downloading Files via PC-CDU
Perform the following steps to download files via PC-CDU:
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. Open PC-CDU. On the Connection Parameters dialog box,
enable RTS/CTS handshaking and click Connect (Figure 5-9).
Figure 5-9. Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking
3. Click File File Manager, then click the Download path tab on
the File Manager dialog box (Figure 5-10).
Figure 5-10. Find Files to Download
4. Navigate to or create (using the Create button) the folder in
which to download and store files.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Downloading Files to a Computer
5. Click the Download files tab and select the file(s) to download
(Figure 5-11 on page 5-7).
To select multiple files, press the shift key while clicking nonsequential files; or, press the Ctrl key and click individual files.
Figure 5-11. Download Files
6. Click the Download button. During the download, status
indicators display next to each file (Figure 5-12).
• Blue indicator – file in queue for downloading.
• Red indicator – file currently downloading.
• Green indicator – file has successfully downloaded.
Figure 5-12. Download Files – Status Indicators
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Receiver and File Maintenance
7. When done, click Exit on the File Manager dialog box.
8. Continue with other operations, or click File Disconnect and
then File Exit to quit PC-CDU.
Deleting Files from the
Receiver’s SD Card
Use the following steps to delete files from your receiver.
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS
handshaking (Figure 5-13).
Figure 5-13. Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking
3. Click File File Manager and select the file(s) to delete on the
Download files tab (Figure 5-14 on page 5-9).
To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on nonsequential files to select several files at once; or hold down the
Ctrl key and click on individual files.
4. Click Delete (Figure 5-14 on page 5-9).
5. Click Yes at the delete files confirmation dialog box. PC-CDU
deletes the selected files.
6. Click Exit on the File Manager screen.
7. Continue with other operations. Or Click File Disconnect, then
File Exit to quit PC-CDU.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Managing Receiver Memory
Figure 5-14. Delete Files
Managing Receiver Memory
When using the receiver in static or dynamic applications, you may
need to know the amount of memory the receiver’s log file occupies.
The specific memory size depends on the type of data being recorded.
Use the formulas below to compute the approximate size of the
receiver’s log files. These equations are based on the default set of
messages.
• SS – the estimated size of one epoch of raw data in the receiver’s
log file (expressed in bytes).
• N – the number of observed satellites per epoch.
When recording only L1 data:
SS = 183 + 22*N
When recording L1 and L2 data:
SS = 230 + 44*N
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Managing Receiver Options
The Option Authorization File enables certain functions, features, and
options in the receiver, such as the following:
• the type of signal (L1, L1/L2, and so on) the receiver processes
• the amount of data the receiver stores in the memory
• the rate at which data is transmitted or received
For a complete list of available options and details, consult with your
TPS dealer.
Checking the Receiver’s OAF
Use PC-CDU to view the status of the receiver’s options.
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. Click Tools Receiver Options. The Options Manager dialog
box (Figure 5-15 on page 5-11) contains the following
information:
• Option name – a name/description of the option
• Current – the current status of the option
• Purchased – if the option is purchased or not
• Leased – if the option is leased or not
• Expiration date – the date the option will be disabled, if
applicable
Since Options can be both purchased and leased, the “Current”
status of the option displays the currently effective value. Option
values can be one of the following:
• -1 or “-----” – the firmware version does not support this
option
• 0 – the receiver option is disabled
• positive integer – the option is enabled
• yes or no – the option is either enabled or disabled
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Managing Receiver Options
3. When finished, click Exit on the Option Manager dialog box,
then click File Disconnect to disconnect from PC-CDU (and
prevent conflicts with serial port management).
Figure 5-15. View Option Manager
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Loading an OAF
Topcon Positioning System dealers provide customers with OAF
files. For any OAF related questions, e-mail TPS at
[email protected] and include the receiver’s ID number (see the
bottom of the receiver for the ID).
1. To load a new OAF, follow steps one and two in “Checking the
Receiver’s OAF” on page 5-10.
2. Click Load at the bottom of the Option Manager dialog box (see
Figure 5-15 on page 5-11).
3. Navigate to the location of the new Option Authorization File.
OAFs have .jpo or .tpo extensions and are unique to each receiver
(Figure 5-16).
Figure 5-16. Load OAF
4. Select the appropriate file and click Open (Figure 5-16). The new
receiver option loads onto the receiver and the Option Manager
table updates.
5. When finished, click Exit on the Option Manager dialog box,
then click File Disconnect to prevent conflicts with serial port
management.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Clearing the NVRAM
Clearing the NVRAM
The receiver’s Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM)
holds data required for satellite tracking, such as ephemeris data and
receiver position. The NVRAM also keeps the current receiver’s
settings, such as active antenna input, elevation masks and recording
interval, and information about the receiver’s internal file system.
Even though clearing the NVRAM is not a common (nor normally a
recommended) operation, there are times when clearing the NVRAM
can eliminate communication or tracking problems. Clearing the
NVRAM in your receiver can be interpreted as a “soft boot” in your
computer.
After clearing the NVRAM, the receiver requires time to collect new
ephemerides and almanacs (around 15 minutes).
Clearing the NVRAM of your receiver will not delete any files
already recorded in your receiver’s memory. However, it will reset
your receiver to factory default values.
In addition, the NVRAM keeps information about the receiver file
system. Note that after clearing the NVRAM, the receiver's STAT
LED flashes orange for a few seconds, indicating that the receiver is
scanning and checking the file system.
Using the MINTER to Clear the
NVRAM
1. Press the power key to turn off the receiver.
2. Press and hold the FN key.
3. Press and hold the power key for about one second. Release the
power key while continuing to hold the FN key.
4. Wait until the STAT and REC LEDs are green
5. Wait until the STAT and REC LEDs blink orange.
6. Release the FN key while the STAT and REC LEDs blink orange.
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Using PC-CDU to Clear the NVRAM
1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
2. Click Tools Clear NVRAM (Figure 5-17).
Figure 5-17. Clear NVRAM with PC-CDU
While the NVRAM clears, the REC LED flashes green and red; the
STAT LED flashes red. The receiver automatically disconnects when
finished.
Changing Receiver Modes
The receiver has the following three modes, two information modes
and one power modes:
• Normal Mode – the standard surveying mode.
• Extended Information Mode – used for testing purposes during
normal operation.
• Sleep Mode – used to stop recording data, but keeps the receiver
powered on “standby.”
Entering Extended Information Mode
Extended Information Mode (EIM) is used for receiver testing
purposes. In this mode, the receiver continues to work as usual, but
the STAT LED indicates “extended” information using a delimiter.
The Delimiter is a distinguishable double-blink that shows the overall
status of tests performed in EIM. The STAT LED color for delimiter
is calculated from the colors of other LED blinks, and becomes one of
the following colors when the tests complete:
• Orange – at least one blink is orange.
• Red – no orange blink and at least one red blink.
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GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Changing Receiver Modes
• Green – all other cases.
The delimiter double-blink is followed by six LED blinks
corresponding to six receiver tests, where each blink indicates the
following information:
Blink 1.
Blink 2.
Blink 3.
Blink 4.
Sufficient data for position computation.
GPS S/N ratios are good (Table 5-1).
GLONASS S/N ratios are good (Table 5-1).
Oscillator’s frequency offset is less than three ppm (parts
per million).
Blink 5. Oscillator's Allan Variance is better than 2.7e-10
(currently, always orange).
Blink 6. Continuous tracking time is more than 15 minutes.
Table 5-1. Signal-to-Noise (S/N) “Good” Ratios
CA/L1
P/L1
P/L2
GPS
51
39
39
GLONASS
51
49
40
The color of the blink indicates that information for test is unavailable
(orange), the receiver passed the test (green), or the receiver failed the
test (red).
1. To switch to EIM, press and quickly release (within one second)
the FN key on the MINTER.
2. Watch for the delimiter double-blink. With good receiver,
antenna, and observation conditions, all blinks should be green
within 15 minutes of powering on.
• Green – ok
• Orange – wait
• Red – some tests failed
3. To switch back to normal mode, press the FN key.
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Receiver and File Maintenance
Sleep (Off) Mode
In sleep mode, the power board and Bluetooth module continue to
draw power from the batteries, causing the batteries to drain over
time. Sleep mode is the normal “off” state of the receiver.
1. Turn on your receiver.
2. Press the receiver’s power key for more than four seconds and
less than eight seconds. The STAT and REC LEDs will be orange.
The receiver enters Sleep Mode.
3. Any activity on the RS232 port turns on the receiver.
NOTICE
If you press the power key for more than 14
seconds, then the pressure will be ignored. This
operation protects the receiver from stuck keys.
Loading New Firmware
Base and Rover receivers must be loaded with the same firmware
version. Use the latest firmware version, available for download from
the TPS website at www.topconpositioning.com, to ensure your
receiver has the most recent updates.
NOTICE
CAUTION
The GR-3 receiver must be loaded with firmware
version 3.0 or newer.
Do not attempt to load firmware older than 3.0.
The receiver board and power board must be loaded with firmware
from the same package. The Bluetooth module’s firmware is
independent of the receiver card and power board, and has a different
firmware package.
5-16
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Loading New Firmware
The receiver uses FLoader, a Windows®-based utility, to load
firmware onto the receiver and power boards. You can download
FLoader to your computer from the TPS website. For more
information, refer to the FLoader User’s Manual, also available on
the TPS website at www.topconpositioning.com. See “Installing
FLoader” on page 2-6 for installing FLoader on the computer.
Perform the following to load new firmware:
1. Download the new firmware package to your computer.
2. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the
Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20 for this procedure.
3. Start FLoader.
4. On the Connection tab, select the COM port on your computer
that connects with your receiver and select its speed (usually
115200) (Figure 5-18 on page 5-17).
5. See “Loading Receiver and Power Board Firmware” on
page 5-18 to load the appropriate firmware.
Figure 5-18. FLoader Main Screen
P/N 7010-0736
5-17
Receiver and File Maintenance
Loading Receiver and Power Board
Firmware
Receiver and power board firmware is released as a compressed file to
download and decompress. This file contains the following three files:
• ramimage.ldr – the Receiver board RAM file
• main.ldp – the Receiver board Flash file
• powbrd.ldr – the Power board RAM file
NOTICE
Load all three files when loading new firmware.
These files must come from the same firmware
package.
1. In FLoader, click the Device tab and set the Device Type as
“Receiver.” Click Get from Device for device information
(Figure 5-19).
Figure 5-19. Set Device Type
2. Click the Program tab and set the Capture Method to “Soft
Break Capture” (recommended) (Figure 5-20 on page 5-19).
5-18
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Loading New Firmware
Figure 5-20. Program Tab Settings
3. Browse for and select the receiver board’s RAM file and Flash
file (Figure 5-20).
4. Click Load and wait until 100% of the files load into the receiver.
NOTICE
If you selected an incorrect file, an error message
displays at the bottom of the dialog box. Select the
correct file.
5. Click the Device tab, and set the Device Type as “Receiver’s
Power Board”. Then click Get from Device for device
information (Figure 5-21).
Figure 5-21. Set Device Type
P/N 7010-0736
5-19
Receiver and File Maintenance
6. Click the Program tab and set the Capture Method to “Soft
Break Capture” (recommended) (Figure 5-22).
Figure 5-22. Program Tab Settings
7. Browse for and select the Power board’s RAM file (Figure 5-22).
8. Click Load and wait until 100% of the power board file loads into
the receiver.
NOTICE
If you selected an incorrect file, an error message
displays at the bottom of the dialog box. Select the
correct file.
9. Click File Exit.
10. Clear the receiver’s NVRAM (see “Clearing the NVRAM” on
page 5-13) and update the almanac (see “Collecting Almanacs
and Ephemerides” on page 2-26) after loading new firmware.
5-20
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Loading New Firmware
Loading Bluetooth Module Firmware
Bluetooth module firmware is released as a compressed file that you
download and decompress. This file contains the following two files:
• btloader.ldr – the Bluetooth module RAM file
• btmain.ldp – the Bluetooth module Flash file
NOTICE
You must load both files when loading new
firmware. These files must come from the same
firmware package.
1. In FLoader, click the Device tab and set the Device Type as
“Receiver”. Then click Get from Device for device information
(Figure 5-23).
Figure 5-23. Get Device Type
2. Click the Program tab and set the Capture Method to “Soft
Break Capture” (recommended) (Figure 5-24 on page 5-22).
3. Browse for and select the Bluetooth module’s RAM file and Flash
file (Figure 5-24 on page 5-22).
P/N 7010-0736
5-21
Receiver and File Maintenance
Figure 5-24. Program Tab Settings
4. Click Load and wait until 100% of the files load into your
receiver (Figure 5-25).
Figure 5-25. Bluetooth Firmware Load Complete
NOTICE
5. Click File
5-22
If you selected an incorrect file, an error message
displays at the bottom of the dialog box. Select the
correct file.
Exit.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Check This First!
Troubleshooting
This chapter will help you diagnose and solve some common
problems you may encounter with your receiver.
WARNING
Do not attempt to repair equipment yourself. Doing
so will void your warranty and may damage the
hardware.
Check This First!
Before contacting Topcon support, check the following:
• Check all external receiver connections carefully to ensure
correct and secure connections. Double check for worn or
defective cables.
• Check all power sources for drained batteries or incorrectly
connected batteries/cables.
• Check that the most current software is downloaded onto the
computer and that the most current firmware is loaded into the
receiver. Check the TPS website at www.topconpositioning.com
for the latest updates.
• If connecting via Bluetooth, check that the port used for
connection is in Command mode. See page 6-11 for details.
Then, try the following:
• Reset the receiver using PC-CDU (Tools Reset receiver).
• Restore default settings using PC-CDU (Configuration
Receiver, then click Set all parameters to defaults).
• Clear the NVRAM (see “Clearing the NVRAM” on page 5-13).
• Initialize the file system (click Tools Initialize file system).
This will erase all files inside the receiver.
If the problem persists, see the following sections for other solutions.
P/N 7010-0736
6-1
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Quick List
For receiver power issues:
If “The receiver does not power up,” see page 6-3.
For receiver issues:
If “The RX/TX LED is flashing green on my base receiver,” see
page 6-4.
If “There is no radio link between Base and Rover and the RX/
TX LED is flashing green on the rover,” see page 6-4.
If “There is no radio link between Base and Rover and the Rover
RX/TX LED is solid green,” see page 6-4.
If “The RX/TX LED is flashing red on my receiver,” see page 65.
If “The receiver cannot obtain code differential and/or RTK
solutions,” see page 6-5.
If “The receiver does not lock on to satellites for a long period of
time,” see page 6-6.
If “The receiver tracks too few satellites,” see page 6-6.
If “The receiver cannot obtain Code Differential and/or RTK
solutions,” see page 6-7.
If “The receiver does not log data,” see page 6-10.
For Bluetooth connection issues:
If “BTCONF error message: Can’t find receiver,” see page 6-10.
If “BTCONF error message: Can’t find Bluetooth,” see page 612.
If “BTCONF error message: Open COM# port failed: Access is
denied,” see page 6-12.
If “After searching for available devices, none are discovered,”
see page 6-12.
If “Can see the icon for the receiver’s Bluetooth module on the
computer screen, but cannot connect to it,” see page 6-13.
For modem issues:
If “Modem-TPS cannot connect to the receiver,” see page 6-13.
6-2
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Powering Problems
For TX RX LED blinking issues:
If “For internal FH915+ modems: the TX RX LED flashes red,”
see page 6-15.
If “For internal GSM modems: the TX RX LED flashes orange,”
see page 6-15.
Powering Problems
All receivers are preset in the factory to “Auto mode” for both
batteries. To check these settings, use the following procedure:
1. Connect your receiver and computer and run PC-CDU (see
“Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-20).
2. Once connected, click Configuration Receiver.
3. On the General tab, view the Power and Charger fields. These
fields should be set to “Auto”. If not, change them to Auto and
click Apply.
TIP
Clearing the NVRAM returns the receiver to Auto
power mode (see “Clearing the NVRAM” on
page 5-13).
The receiver does not power up
D
The attachable batteries may be improperly attached.
• Check that the batteries are correctly attached.
• Check that the battery contacts at the top of the attachable
battery are clean and dust free.
D
The batteries may be discharged.
• Connect/attach a fully charged battery and retry. See
“Powering the Receiver” on page 2-14.
• Charge the batteries overnight. See “Powering the Receiver”
on page 2-14.
P/N 7010-0736
6-3
Troubleshooting
D
If using an external power source, the cable may be
disconnected or damaged.
Check that the cable is securely connected and undamaged.
D
The receiver may have a defective charger or defective
batteries.
If, after changing the batteries or connecting an external
power source, the receiver still does not power up, contact
TPS Customer Support for advice.
Receiver Problems
The following are some of the most commonly encountered receiver
problems.
The RX/TX LED is flashing green on my base receiver
• The base has been set into Receiver mode, not transmit mode.
Change this using the data collector software or Modem-TPS.
• The base is set into GSM mode. Change this using data
collector software or Modem-TPS.
There is no radio link between Base and Rover and the RX/TX
LED is flashing green on the rover
• The LED indicates that the receiver is set into Receive mode;
however no radio link has been established
• Check to make sure that the base receiver is powered on
• Check to make sure that the base and rover receivers are on
the same channel.
• Check to make sure the rover is not set into GSM mode.
There is no radio link between Base and Rover and the Rover
RX/TX LED is solid green
• The LED indicates that the rover has established a radio link
with the base receiver, however it is not receiving RTK
Corrections.
• Check to make sure that the base is tracking enough satellites.
6-4
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Problems
• Check to make sure that the base is transmitting via a radio
scanner or by setting up the base receiver with PC-CDU or
application software.
The RX/TX LED is flashing red on my receiver
• A fault condition has been detected.
• Check the radio modem’s antenna to see if it is undamaged.
• Check to see if the radio antenna is connected properly and
securely.
The receiver cannot obtain code differential and/or RTK
solutions
D
The Base modem output power is disabled.
Check to be sure that RF transmit power is enabled using
Modem-TPS or field software (such as TopSURV).
Using Modem-TPS, check the Radio Link tab to ensure the
radio is configured as a Base radio and the correct Output
Power setting is selected. See “Configuring a Digital UHF
Radio Modem ” on page 3-13 for more details.
D
The Base and Rover modems use different radio link
parameters.
Configure the Base and Rover radio modems according to the
procedures listed in the applicable section.
• For details on a UHF modem, see “Configuring a Digital
UHF Radio Modem ” on page 3-13.
The receiver cannot establish a connection to a computer or
external controller
Cable specific problems:
D
The cable is not properly plugged in.
• Check that the cable connector is attached to the correct
receiver port.
• Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to
the receiver.
P/N 7010-0736
6-5
Troubleshooting
D
The cable is damaged.
Use an undamaged cable. Contact your Dealer to replace the
cable.
Generic problems:
D
The receiver port used for connection is not in Command mode.
1. Connect your receiver and a computer using a free port
(see “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 2-20) and start PC-CDU.
2. Click Configuration Receiver Ports.
3. Change the Input for the port used for connection to
“Command”.
The receiver does not lock on to satellites for a long period of
time
D
The receiver stores an old almanac.
Update the almanac. See “Collecting Almanacs and
Ephemerides” on page 2-26 for details.
D
The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired
(L1/L2, GPS/GLONASS must be on to track satellites).
• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 5-10 for details
on how to check current options.
• Order a new OAF with the desired options activated to
enable or extend validity of the corresponding receiver
options. Contact your dealer or visit the TPS website for
details
• Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for a detailed
description of options.
The receiver tracks too few satellites
D
The elevation mask value is too high (above 15 degrees).
Lower the elevation mask. See page 3-30 for information on
setting the elevation mask.
6-6
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Problems
D
The survey is conducted near obstructions (tree canopy, tall
buildings, and so forth).
• Check that the Multipath Reduction boxes have been
enabled.
1. Connect your receiver and a computer and start
PC-CDU. See “Connecting the Receiver and a
Computer” on page 2-20.
2. Click Configuration Advanced and the Multipath
Reduction tab. Enable the two boxes and click Apply.
• Move to an area free of obstructions, if applicable.
The receiver cannot obtain Code Differential and/or RTK
solutions
D
Incorrect Base coordinates entered.
Specify the correct coordinates for the Base station using
PC-CDU or another suitable field data collection software.
D
The receiver is not configured as a Base or Rover.
• If the receiver should function as a Base, ensure it has the
proper configuration. See Chapter 3 for details.
• If the receiver should function as a Rover, ensure it has the
proper configuration. See Chapter 3 for details.
D
The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired.
• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 5-10 for details
on how to check current options.
• Order a new OAF with the required options activated to
enable or extend validity of the corresponding receiver
options. Contact your dealer or visit the TPS website for
details
• Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for a detailed
description of options.
D
There are not enough common satellites. In order to obtain a
fixed solution, the Base and Rover should track at least five
common satellites.
P/N 7010-0736
6-7
Troubleshooting
• Ensure that both the Rover and Base receivers use the
same, and updated, almanac. See “Collecting Almanacs
and Ephemerides” on page 2-26.
• Check the elevation masks of the Rover and Base receivers;
they should be the same. See page 3-30 for information on
setting the elevation mask.
D
A discrepancy exists between the differential standards used at
the Base and Rover receivers.
Ensure the Base and Rover receivers use the same corrections
input/output format:
1. Connect your receiver and a computer and start PC-CDU.
See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 2-20.
2. Click Configuration Receiver and the Ports tab. Use
the same input/output format for both receivers.
D
Poor satellite geometry (PDOP/GDOP values are too high).
Conduct your survey when PDOP values are low.
D
The elevation mask is above 15 degrees.
Lower the elevation mask. See page 3-30 for information on
setting the elevation mask.
D
The modem battery is low.
• Attach an external power source to the receiver. See “Using
an Auxiliary Power Source” on page 2-17.
• See “Powering the Receiver” on page 2-14 for details.
D
The transmitting and/or receiving antenna may be improperly
connected.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is securely and
properly connected to the antenna connector.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is undamaged. If
damaged, contact your TPS dealer to replace the antenna.
D
The specified baud rate is incompatible with the baud rates the
modem supports.
6-8
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Problems
The baud rate is the rate at which the receiver transmits
differential messages to the modem and vice versa.
Change the baud rate to that which your modem supports.
Refer to the modem’s manual for information.
D
The Base and Rover modems use different radio link
parameters.
Configure the Base and Rover radio modems according to the
procedures listed in the applicable section.
• For details on a Spread Spectrum radio modem, see
“Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio Modem” on
page 3-4.
• For details on a Spread Spectrum radio with a GSM
modem, see “Configuring a Spread Spectrum Radio with a
GSM Modem” on page 3-10.
• For details on a Digital UHF radio modem, see
“Configuring a Digital UHF Radio Modem ” on page 3-13.
• For details on a Digital UHF radio with a GSM modem, see
“Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a GSM Radio
Modem” on page 3-17.
• For details on a Digital UHF radio with a CDMA modem,
see “Configuring a Digital UHF Radio with a CDMA
Modem” on page 3-19.
D
The distance between the Base and Rover is too far.
• Close the distance between the Base and Rover.
• Use repeaters to increase radio coverage.
D
There may be a source of radio interference that disrupts radio
communications.
• Change the RF channel (if possible).
• Use a spectrum analyzer to detect the radio characteristics
of the interfering signal and change your system’s
configuration accordingly.
• Remove the source of jamming signal or relocate your
radio antennas (if possible).
P/N 7010-0736
6-9
Troubleshooting
The receiver does not log data
D
The receiver has no the SD card installed or the memory option
is disabled or expired.
• Check that the card is properly inserted. For details, see “To
install the SD card” on page 2-7.
• Check that the memory option is enabled. For details, see
“Checking the Receiver’s OAF” on page 5-10.
D
The receiver’s memory card has no free space.
• Download and/or delete data files to free up space for new
files (see “Downloading Files to a Computer” on page 5-1
and “Deleting Files from the Receiver’s SD Card” on
page 5-8).
• Use the AFRM feature. See “Automatic File Rotation
Mode (AFRM) parameters” on page 3-39.
Bluetooth Problems
The following are some of the most commonly encountered error
messages and other problems.
BTCONF error message: Can’t find receiver
D
The receiver is turned off.
Ensure the receiver has power and is turned on.
D
If using a cable, the cable’s connectors are improperly attached.
• Check that the cable connector is attached to the correct
serial port.
• Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to
the receiver.
D
If using a cable, the cable is damaged.
• Use an undamaged cable.
• Contact your TPS dealer to purchase a new cable.
6-10
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Bluetooth Problems
D
The COM port the receiver is attached to differs from the one
selected in BTCONF.
• Ensure that the RS232 cable is attached to the COM port
specified in the BTCONF communication port list.
• See “Bluetooth Module Configuration” on page 2-23 for
details.
D
The receiver port used for connection is not in Command mode.
1. Connect your receiver and a computer using a free port
(see “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 2-20) and start PC-CDU.
2. Click Configuration Receiver Ports.
3. Change the Input for the serial port used for connection
to “Command”.
TIP
D
This is the most common cause for this error
message. Use PC-CDU to double check the settings
for the connection port.
The settings for Port D may have been changed.
• The settings for Port D are: 115200 baud rate, 8 data bits, 1
stop bit, no parity, and no handshaking.
• Try enabling RTS/CTS handshaking for Port D. Do not
change other settings.
D
The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired
(serial port D must be enabled).
• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 5-10 for details
on how to check current options.
• Order a new OAF with the required options activated to
enable or extend validity of the corresponding receiver
options. Contact your dealer or visit the TPS website for
details
• Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for a detailed
description of options.
P/N 7010-0736
6-11
Troubleshooting
BTCONF error message: Can’t find Bluetooth
D
The receiver’s Slot 2(C) is turned off.
1. See “Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection” on
page 2-22 to connect the computer and receiver.
2. Click Configuration Receiver General.
3. In the Turn on/off Slots area, enable the Slot 2(C) check
box.
D
The Bluetooth module is linked with another device.
Close the connection with the device, then connect to your
receiver.
D
The receiver does not have a Bluetooth module.
• Continue with other configuration/survey functions using a
serial or USB cable.
• Contact your TPS dealer to purchase a Bluetooth enabled
receiver.
BTCONF error message: Open COM# port failed: Access is
denied
D
Another application uses the computer port dedicated for
connection.
• Close the application, then re-connect.
• Connect the receiver via another, unused computer port.
After searching for available devices, none are discovered
D
The receiver is not receiving power.
• Check that the receiver is getting power and is turned on.
• Check that the power cable is attached to the port marked
“PWR”.
• Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to
the receiver.
• If the power cable is damaged, contact your Dealer to
purchase a new cable.
6-12
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Modem-TPS Problems
D
The receiver’s Slot 2(C) is turned off.
1. Connect your receiver and a computer using an RS232
cable (see “Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection” on
page 2-22).
2. Click Configuration Receiver General.
3. In the Turn on/off Slots area, enable the Slot 2(C) check
box.
Can see the icon for the receiver’s Bluetooth module on the
computer screen, but cannot connect to it
D
Device security settings probably differ.
• Make sure your Bluetooth enabled devices use the same
security settings.
• See “Bluetooth Module Configuration” on page 2-23,
specifically Figure 2-22 on page 2-25 for details on
changing security settings.
D
Bluetooth module settings may have changed.
1. If you changed settings for your Bluetooth module,
remove it from the list of discovered Bluetooth devices
using the Bluetooth manager program (supplied with the
device used to manage the receiver).
2. Repeat the search.
Modem-TPS Problems
The following is the most commonly encountered Modem-TPS
problem.
Modem-TPS cannot connect to the receiver
D
The receiver is turned off.
Ensure the receiver has power and is turned on.
D
If using a cable, the cable’s connectors are improperly attached.
P/N 7010-0736
6-13
Troubleshooting
• Check that the cable connector is attached to the correct
serial port.
• Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to
the receiver.
D
If using a cable, the cable is damaged.
• Use an undamaged cable.
• Contact your Dealer to purchase a new cable.
D
If using Bluetooth wireless technology, the incorrect port is
selected, or the receiver or computer does not support
Bluetooth.
• Use a computer or receiver that has Bluetooth wireless
technology enabled/installed.
• Check that the computer and receiver use the correct ports
for communication. For the GR-3 receiver, this is port A.
D
The corresponding modem options may be disabled or expired.
• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 5-10 for details
on how to check current options.
• Order a new OAF with the required options activated to
enable or extend validity of the corresponding receiver
options. Contact your dealer or visit the TPS website for
details
• Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for a detailed
description of options.
D
The type of radio modem is disabled for detection using
Modem-TPS.
1. Click Cancel on the Connection dialog box or Stop on
the Connecting to device dialog box.
2. In Modem-TPS, click Tools Options.
3. Enable the modem type installed in the receiver
connected to the computer. Click Ok.
4. Click File Connect.
6-14
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
TX RX LED Blink Pattern on Error Conditions
TX RX LED Blink Pattern on
Error Conditions
For internal FH915+ modems: the TX RX LED flashes red
D
A fault condition has been detected.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is undamaged.
Contact your dealer to replace the antenna.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is securely and
properly connected to the antenna connector.
• Move the antenna/receiver away from conducting objects
(such as, large metal objects).
D
The cable is damaged.
• Use an undamaged cable.
• Contact your Dealer to replace the cable.
For internal GSM modems: the TX RX LED flashes orange
D
The Rover uses the wrong PIN code, or no PIN code was
selected.
1. In TopSURV, click Job Config Survey.
2. Click the “...” (continue) button and press Next to
navigate to the Rover Radio configuration screen.
3. Press Configure GSM.
4. Select the PIN of the Base Station and press OK.
D
An initialization error has occurred.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is undamaged.
Contact your dealer to replace the antenna.
• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is securely and
properly connected to the antenna connector on the
radome.
P/N 7010-0736
6-15
Troubleshooting
Obtaining Technical Support
If the troubleshooting hints and tips in this Operator’s Manual fail to
remedy the problem, contact TPS Customer Support.
Before contacting TPS Customer support about any problems with
the receiver, see “Check This First!” on page 6-1 for some solutions
that may fix the issue.
Phone
To contact TPS Customer Support by phone, call:
1-866-4TOPCON (1-866-486-7266)
Monday through Friday
7:00am to 5:00pm, Pacific time
E-mail
To contact TPS Customer Support via e-mail, use one of the
following electronic mail addresses (Table 6-1).
Table 6-1. Technical Support E-mail
For Questions Related To...
Hardware (receivers, antennas, firmware)
Use...
[email protected]
GPS+ and 3DMC
[email protected]
OAF
[email protected]
RTK
[email protected]
PC-CDU
[email protected]
If in doubt...
[email protected]
TIP
For quick and effective support, provide a detailed
description of the problem.
When e-mailing TPS customer support, provide the following
information for better, faster service:
1. The receiver model and configuration settings.
6-16
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Obtaining Technical Support
2.
3.
4.
5.
In PC-CDU, click Help About and click Save to file. Enter a
name for the file and save it to your computer. Attach this file to
the e-mail.
The system/hardware specifications for the computer running
PC-CDU; such as, operating system and version, memory and
storage capacity, processor speed, and so forth.
The symptoms and/or error codes/messages that precede and
follow the problem.
The activities being tried when the problem occurs. If possible,
include the exact steps being taken up to when the error message
or other problem occurs.
How regularly the problem occurs.
Generally, a customer support representative will reply within 24
hours, depending on the severity of the problem.
Website
The Topcon Positioning Systems website provides current
information about Topcon’s line of products. The support area of the
website provides access to frequently asked questions, configuration
procedures, manuals, e-mail support, and so forth.
To access the TPS website, go to www.topconpositioning.com
P/N 7010-0736
6-17
Troubleshooting
Notes:
6-18
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Appendix A
Specifications
This TPS product is a 72-channel GNSS receiver with an internal
radio modem, a Bluetooth® wireless technology module, an optional
GMS module, and a rugged magnesium housing complete with
MINTER and cable connectors.
NOTICE
Performance specifications assume a minimum of 6
GPS satellites above 15 degrees in elevation and
adherence to the procedures recommended in this
manual.
NOTICE
In areas of high multipath, during periods of large
PDOP, and during periods of increased ionospheric
activity, performance may degrade.
NOTICE
Use robust checking procedures in areas of extreme
multipath or under dense foliage.
P/N 7010-0736
A-1
Specifications
Receiver Specifications
The following sections provide specifications for the receiver and its
internal components.
General Details
Table A-1 lists the receiver’s general specifications.
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications
Physical
Enclosure
Magnesium, IP66 extrusion, rainproof
Color
Topcon Yellow and Topcon Grey
Dimensions
W:156.6 x H:234.5 x D:156.6 mm
Weight
1.78 kg
Antenna
Internal
Battery
Two external, detachable
Controller
External
Mounting
5/8-11, quick disconnect
Seals
Silicon (molding in Color)
Keys
Two keys:
Power – On/Off
Function – start/stop data logging; switch information
mode.
LEDs
Six LEDs:
STAT – satellite and receiver status
REC – record and data status
RX TX – modem status
BT – Bluetooth wireless technology connection status
BATT x 2 – battery status
Environment
Operating
temperature
A-2
-20 C° to +50 C° with batteries
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Specifications
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications (Continued)
Storage temperature
-20 C° to +35 C° with batteries
-40 C° to +75 C° without batteries
Humidity
95%
Power
External batteries
Li-ion, 3900 mAh, 7.2 V; 2 batteries; detachable
Battery size
132 x 52 x 25 (mm)
Battery weight
165 g (1 battery)
Operating time
• Modem = off – approx. 16 hours
• 915+ receive-only modem – approx. 13 hours
• 915+ modem transmitting at 250 mW – approx. 11
hours
• 915+ modem transmitting at 1 W – approx. 9 hours
• UHF modem transmitting at 1 W – approx. 8 hours
• AA-sized battery shells attached to both battery slots
and modem is off – approx. 2.5 hours
• Urban areas with short distance to cell sites and GSM/
GPRS is on – approx. 12 hours continuous call
Average with
Bluetooth “on” and
12 SVs tracked.
Using new batteries
and operating at
room temperature.
External power
1 port
Input voltage
9 to 21 V DC (for work)
10 to 21 V DC (for charge battery)
Maximum Charge Current <=2 Amp
Consumption
•
•
•
•
•
•
Average with
Bluetooth “on” and
12 SVs tracked.
Modem = off – approx. 3.5 W
915 receive-only modem – approx. 4.4 W
915 modem transmits at 250 mW – approx. 5.0 W
915 modem transmits at 1 W – approx. 6 W
UHF modem transmits at 1 W – approx. 7 W
Urban areas with short distance to cell sites and GSM/
GPRS is on – approx 4.2 W
Battery charge
Connect the AC adaptor to charge the internal battery.
Available run charge when connected to external battery.
Charging time
~6 hours for full charge
P/N 7010-0736
A-3
Specifications
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications (Continued)
On-board
Backup battery for timekeeping and almanac data storage;
10 years minimum operation
I/O
Communication
Ports
A high speed RS232 serial port (rimmed in black), a USB
port (rimmed in yellow), and an internal Bluetooth
communication port (port D).
Port specifications
RS232 Serial Port
Baud rate: 460800,230400,115200(default),57600,
38400,19200,9600,4800,2400,1200,600, 300
Flow control: RTS/CTS
Length: 7,8 (default)
Sop bit: 1 (default), 2
Parity: None (default), Odd, Even
Bluetooth port
Available
USB port
Version 1.1
Connectors
Modem Antenna (BNC or reverse polarity TNC
depending on modem type), PWR, RS232 Serial, USB
MINTER
Six external LEDs (see “LEDs” on page A-2 for details)
ON/OFF control input (power button)
Data logging control (FUNCTION button)
Data Features
Up to 20 Hz update rate for real time position and raw
data (code and carrier)
10cm code phase and 0.1mm carrier phase precision
RTCM SC104 version 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 3.0 I/O
Multiple Base RTCM
Geoid and Magnetic Variation models
RAIM
Different DATUMs support
Output of grid coordinates
CMR and CMR+ support
A-4
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Specifications
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications (Continued)
Technology
Advanced Multipath mitigation
WAAS
Adjustable PLL and DLL parameters
NMEA
NMEA version
Ver. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0 output
Messages
GGA, GLL, GNS, GRS, GSA, GST, GSV, HDT, RMC,
VTG, ZDA, ROT, GMP
Output interval
1Hz standard; 5, 10, 20Hz optional
DGPS
Correction format
RTCM SC104 Ver 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 3.0
RTCM message
type
1, 3, 9, 31, 32, 34; user selectable
Process interval
1Hz standard; 5, 10, 20Hz optional
Output interval for
RTCM correction
data
1Hz standard; 5, 10, 20Hz optional
Elevation mask
0 to 90 degrees (independent of data logging)
Multi-base DGPS
Differential correction select mode: Nearest, Mix, Best
(optional)
RTK
Correction format
CMR2/CMR+ (Trimble compatible), RTCM SC104 Ver
2.2, 2.3, or 3.0
RTCM message
type
3, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22; user selectable
Ambiguity initialize
OTF (L1, L1/L2)
Baseline Length
Up to 50km in the morning and evening.
Up to 32km at noon.
P/N 7010-0736
A-5
Specifications
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications (Continued)
Initialize time
5 seconds to 10 min depending on the base line length and
multipath conditions
Output interval for
CMR/RTCM
1Hz standard; 5, 10, 20Hz optional
Elevation
0 to 90 degrees (independent of data logging)
Solution mode
Delay (synchronization)
Extrapolation (not synchronized)
Process interval
1Hz standard; 5, 10, 20Hz optional
Latency
Delay mode – 20 msec to 20 sec (depends on latency
which receives corrections data from base receiver)
Extrapolation – 20 to 30 msec
Raw Data logging
The receiver can record raw data at another interval during
RTK operation
Status
Fix, Float, DOP, Data Link Status, Modem Latency,
Common satellites, Percentage of fixing
Results
RTK coordinates, HRMS, VRMS, Covariance Matrix
Ambiguity fixing
level
Selectable thresholds
Low: 95%; Medium: 99.5%; High: 99.9%
Survey Modes
Base or Rover
Static
Kinematic (Stop and Go)
RTK (Real-time Kinematic)
DGPS (Differential GPS)
WASS/EGNOS DGPS
Survey Accuracy
Static, Fast Static
For L1+L2 – H: 3mm + 0.5ppm (x baseline length);
V: 5mm + 0.5ppm (x baseline length)
Kinematic, RTK
For L1+ L2, L1 – H: 10mm + 1.0ppm (x baseline length);
V: 15mm + 1.0ppm (x baseline length)
DGPS
Post processing: less than 0.25 m (HRMS)
DGPS/RTCM based: less than 0.25 m (HRMS)
A-6
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Specifications
Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications (Continued)
Cold Start
Warm Start
Reacquisition
< 60 sec
< 10 sec
< 1 sec
GPS Board Details
Table A-2 lists the GPS board’s general specifications.
Table A-2. GPS Board Specifications
Receiver Type (set by activating the proper OAF)
Internal board:
GR-3
GPS: L1 (C/A & P), L2, L2C, L5
GLONASS: L1, L2 (both code and phase)
GALILEO: E2-L1-E1, E5a
Hardware type:
country/region/
purpose dependent
with FH915+ TX/RX
with FH915+ TXUHF + GSM
with Digital UHF
with Digital UHF + GSM
with Digital UHF + CDMA
Tracking Specifications
Standard Channels
72 universal channels
Optional
Cinderella days (see page A-8 for details)
Tracked Signals
GPS/GLONASS, L1/L2 C/A, L5, GALILEO, and P-Code
and Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS
Tracking Functions
Multi-path
reduction
Code and Carrier
PLL/DLL setting
Bandwidth, order, adjustable
Smoothing interval
Code and Carrier
WAAS/EGNOS
WAAS optional; EGNOS optional
Data Features
Formats
P/N 7010-0736
TPS, NMEA, RTCM, CMR, BINEX
A-7
Specifications
Table A-2. GPS Board Specifications (Continued)
Features
Up to 20 Hz update rate for real time position and raw
data (code and carrier)
10cm code phase and 0.1mm carrier phase precision
RTCM SC104 version 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 3.0 I/O
Multiple Base RTCM
Geoid and Magnetic Variation models
RAIM
Different DATUMs support
Features
(continued)
Output of grid coordinates
CMR and CMR+ support
Memory
Internal Memory
SD (secure data) card, removable
Capacity
Dependent on capacity of the installed SD/MMC carda,
currently up to 1 GB
Logging Time
53 hours (8 MB, 15sec, L1/L2, 7 satellites)
Logging Interval
0.05 to 86400 seconds, depending on purchased options
a. SD = secure digital; MMC = mulit-media card
Cinderella days is an option that turns a single frequency, GPS
receiver into a dual-frequency, GPS+GLONASS receiver for 24 hours
every other Tuesday at GPS midnight. Refer to Topcon’s website for
more information and specific Cinderella day dates.
Bluetooth Module Details
Table A-3 lists the Bluetooth wireless technology module’s general
specifications.
Table A-3. Bluetooth Module Specifications
Range
up to 10 m
Type
Class 2
Service classes
Miscellaneous
Supported profiles
LM, L2CAP, SDP, SPPP
A-8
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Receiver Specifications
Table A-3. Bluetooth Module Specifications (Continued)
Frequency Country
Code
North America and Europe
Internal TPS Spread Spectrum
Modem Details
Table A-4 lists the internal TPS spread spectrum modem’s general
specifications.
Table A-4. Internal TPS Spread Spectrum Specifications
General
Frequency Range
country/region/
purpose dependent
902 to 928 MHz, United States
915 to 925 MHz, Australia
Signal structuring
Frequency-hopping spread spectrum
Hopping pattern
5 per band, user-selectable
Hopping channels
128
Occupied
bandwidth
100 KHz
Frequency
modulation
technique
FSK, 64 Kbps
System gain
135 dB
Network topology
Point-to-point, Point-to-multipoint
Operation mode
Transmitter, Receiver, Repeater
Protocol
FH915, FH915+
Transmitter (TX)
Carrier power
P/N 7010-0736
250 mW (24 dBm)/1 W (30 dBm), user selectable
A-9
Specifications
Table A-4. Internal TPS Spread Spectrum Specifications (Continued)
Receiver (RX)
Sensitivity
-105 dBm at 10-4 BER
Dynamic range
105 dBm
Data communications
Serial interface
RS232
Serial data rate
9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 bps, user selectable
Effective radio link
rate
9600, 10200, 17000, 51000 bps
User selectable for FH915; automatic selection for
FH915+
Error correction
FEC (15.7), majority decoding
Antenna Type
Type
1/2 wave articulating whip
Connector
Reverse polarity TNC
Gain
2.5 dBi
Digital UHF Modem General
Specifications
Table A-5 lists the Digital UHF modem’s general specifications.
Table A-5. GR-3 Digital UHF Modem General Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Operating frequency range
country/region/purpose dependent
410-470 MHz
Modulation techniques
GMSK, DBPSK, and DQPSK
Channel spacing
12.5 kHz/25 kHz
Transmission rates at 25 kHz spacing
• GMSK/DBPSK – 9600 bps
• DQPSK – 19200 bps
Transmission rates at 12.5 kHz spacing
• GMSK/DBPSK – 4800 bps
• DBPSK – 9600 bps
A-10
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Digital UHF Transmitter Specifications
Table A-5. GR-3 Digital UHF Modem General Specifications (Continued)
Parameter
Specification
Data speed of serial interface
Max 115200 bps
Forward Error Correction
Available
Scrambling
Available
Communication mode
Half-Duplex
Digital UHF Transmitter
Specifications
Table A-6 lists the Digital UHF Transmitter’s general specifications.
Table A-6. Digital UHF Transmitter Specifications
Parameter
Selection
Output power
0.01 W (+10dBm), 0.02 W (+13 dBm),
0.05 W (+17 dBm), 0.1 W (+20 dBm),
0.25W (+24 dBm), 0.5 W (+27 dBm),
1W (+30 dBm)
Nominal output impedance
50 Ohms 2.0:1 VSWR
Output power control accuracy
+ 1dB (at normal test condition)
+2.0 dB and -3.0 dB (under extreme test
condition)
Digital UHF Receiver
Specifications
Table A-7 lists the Digital UHF Receiver Specifications
Table A-7. Digital UHF Receiver Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Receiver sensitivity for DBPSK (@ BER -115 dBm for 25 kHz Channel Spacing
-116 dBm for 12.5 kHz Channel Spacing
<1x10-4 , over temperature -30°C to
+60°C
Adjacent channel selectivity
P/N 7010-0736
-70 dB for 25 kHz Channel Spacing
-60 dB for 12.5 kHz Channel Spacing
A-11
Specifications
Table A-7. Digital UHF Receiver Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Nominal output impedance
50 Ohms 2.0:1 VSWR
Output power control accuracy
+ 1dB (at normal test condition)
+2.0 dB and -3.0 dB (under extreme test
condition)
Radio (Modem) RF Connector
The modem connector (Table A-8) is a BNC RF connector for UHF
or a reverse polarity TNC connector for spread spectrum.
Table A-8. Modem Connector Specifications
Modem
Type
Signal Type
Dir
Details
UHF
BNC
Modem I/O
I/O
RF/GSM output from
modem antenna
Spread
Spectrum
Reverse
polarity TNC
Modem I/O
I/O
RF/GSM output from
modem antenna
Power Connector
Rimmed in red, the power connector (Figure A-1) is a sealed
receptacle, 5 pin, ODU part number G80F1C-T05QF00-0000.
2
1
3
4
5
Figure A-1. Power Connector
A-12
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Digital UHF Receiver Specifications
Table A-9 gives power connector specifications.
Table A-9. Power Connector Specifications
Number
Signal Name
Dir
Details
1
Power_INP
P
9 to 21 volts DC input
2
Power_INP
P
9 to 21 volts DC input
3
Power_GND
P
Ground, power return
4
Power_GND
P
Ground, power return
5
Aux_Power
P
9 to 21 volts DC input
Serial C-RS232 Connector
Rimmed in black, the serial RS232 connector (Figure A-2) is a sealed
receptacle, 7 pin, ODU part number G80F1C-T07QC00-0000.
2
3
7
1
4
6
5
Figure A-2. Serial RS232 Connector
Table A-10 gives the RS232 cable connector specifications.
Table A-10. RS232 Connector Specifications
Number
Signal Name
Dir
1
Details
Not used
2
GND
-
Signal ground
3
CTS
I
Clear to send
P/N 7010-0736
A-13
Specifications
Table A-10. RS232 Connector Specifications (Continued)
Number
Signal Name
Dir
Details
4
RTS
O
Request to send
5
RXD
I
Receive data
6
TXD
O
Transmit data
7
Not used
USB Connector
Rimmed in yellow, the USB connector is a sealed receptacle, 4 pin
TPS cable connector (Figure A-3).
2
1
3
4
Figure A-3. USB Connector for GGD Options
Table A-11 gives the USB connector specifications.
Table A-11. USB Specifications
Number
Signal Name
Dir
Details
1
USB_PWR
P
Bus power input
2
USB D-
I/O
Data minus
3
USB D+
I/O
Data plus
4
GND
-
Ground
A-14
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Appendix B
Safety Warnings
General Warnings
NOTICE
WARNING
DANGER
P/N 7010-0736
To comply with RF exposure requirements,
maintain at least 25cm between the user and the
radio modem.
TPS receivers are designed for survey and survey
related uses (that is, surveying coordinates,
distances, angles and depths, and recording such
measurements). This product should never be used:
• Without the user thoroughly understanding this
manual.
• After disabling safety systems or altering the
product.
• With unauthorized accessories.
• Without proper safeguards at the survey site.
• Contrary to applicable laws, rules, and
regulations.
TPS receivers should never be used in dangerous
environments. Use in rain or snow for a limited
period is permitted.
B-1
Safety Warnings
Battery Pack Warnings
DANGER
DANGER
WARNING
WARNING
B-2
Never attempt to open the casing of the detachable
batteries! Lithium-Ion batteries can be dangerous if
mishandled!
Do not incinerate or heat battery pack above 212
degrees fahrenheit (100 degrees celsius). Excessive
heat can cause serious damage and possible
explosion.
Tampering with the batteries by end users or nonfactory authorized technicians will void the
battery’s warranty.
• Do not attempt to open the battery pack or
replace it.
• Do not disassemble the battery pack.
• Do not charge in conditions different than
specified.
• Do not use other than the specified battery
charger.
• Do not short circuit.
• Do not crush or modify.
This product contains a CR Lithium Battery which
contains Perchlorate Material - special handling
may apply.
See http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/
perchlorate/
Note: This is applicable to California, USA only.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Usage Warnings
Usage Warnings
WARNING
CAUTION
CAUTION
P/N 7010-0736
Handling the cord on this product, or cords
associated with accessories sold with this product,
will expose you to lead, a chemical known to the
State of California to cause birth defects or other
reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
If this product has been dropped, altered,
transported or shipped without proper packaging, or
otherwise treated without care, erroneous
measurements may occur.
The owner should periodically test this product to
ensure it provides accurate measurements.
Inform TPS immediately if this product does not
function properly.
Only allow authorized TPS warranty service centers
to service or repair this product.
B-3
Safety Warnings
Notes:
B-4
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Appendix C
Regulatory Information
The following sections provide information on this product’s
compliance with government regulations for use.
UHF Radio Usage
NOTICE
Using a UHF radio requires a license. Operating a
UHF radio without a license may result in fines or
other penalties. Be sure you comply with all local
laws before operating a UHF radio. Contact your
local authorities (such as, the FCC in the United
States) for details.
Surveying in RTK mode has made UHF the most popular choice for
communications between Base and Rover receivers. Know the
strengths and weaknesses of this technology to get the best use out of
your receiver. The quality and strength of the UHF signals translates
into range for UHF communications.
1. The system’s range will greatly depend on the local conditions.
Topography, local communications and even meteorological
conditions play a major role in the possible range of RTK
communications. If needed, use a scanner to find clear channels.
2. The system’s range will increase by adjusting the Base station’s
antenna using the following methods.
• Ensure the Base radio has a fully charged battery.
• Use directional antennas and/or repeaters to increase your
system’s range. Directional antennas concentrate the signal
power within a more narrow direction, significantly
increasing the range of your system.
P/N 7010-0736
C-1
Regulatory Information
• Check the TPS accessory line for items to raise the Base
radio.
FCC Compliance
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in residential installations. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television
equipment reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Move the equipment away from the receiver.
• Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is powered.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician
for additional suggestions.
CAUTION
C-2
Any changes or modifications to the equipment not
expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void your authority to operate
such equipment.
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Community of Europe Compliance
Community of Europe
Compliance
The product described in this manual is in compliance with the
R&TTE and EMC directives from the European Community.
Canadian Emission Labeling
Requirements
1. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this
device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must
accept any interference, including interference that may cause
undesired operation of the device.
2. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna
type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent
isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that
permitted for successful communication.
3. This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the
Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte conform a la norme
NMB-003 du Canada.
WEEE Directive
Following information is for EU-member states only:
The use of the symbol below indicates that this product may not be
treated as household waste. By ensuring this product is disposed of
correctly, you will help prevent potential negative consequences for
the environment and human health, which could otherwise be caused
by inappropriate waste handling of this product. For more detailed
P/N 7010-0736
C-3
Regulatory Information
information about the take-back and recycling of this product, please
contact your supplier where you purchased the product or consult.
C-4
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Appendix D
Warranty Terms
TPS laser and electronic positioning equipment are guaranteed
against defective material and workmanship under normal use and
application consistent with this Manual. The equipment is guaranteed
for the period indicated, on the warranty card accompanying the
product, starting from the date that the product is sold to the original
purchaser by TPS’ Authorized Dealers.1
During the warranty period, TPS will, at its option, repair or replace
this product at no additional charge. Repair parts and replacement
products will be furnished on an exchange basis and will be either
reconditioned or new. This limited warranty does not include service
to repair damage to the product resulting from an accident, disaster,
misuses, abuse or modification of the product.
Warranty service may be obtained from an authorized TPS warranty
service dealer. If this product is delivered by mail, purchaser agrees to
insure the product or assume the risk of loss or damage in transit, to
prepay shipping charges to the warranty service location and to use
the original shipping container or equivalent. A letter should
accompany the package furnishing a description of the problem and/
or defect.
The purchaser’s sole remedy shall be replacement as provided above.
In no event shall TPS be liable for any damages or other claim
including any claim for lost profits, lost savings or other incidental or
consequential damages arising out of the use of, or inability to use,
the product.
1. The warranty against defects in a Topcon battery, charger, or cable is 90
days.
P/N 7010-0736
D-1
Warranty Terms
Notes:
D-2
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Index
Index
A
Adapter, quick disconnect 1-22
AFRM 3-39, 6-10
Almanac 2-1
broadcast data 2-26
collect 4-7
definition 2-26
update 2-27, 5-20, 6-6
Always append to file 3-38
Antenna
radio modem 6-14, 6-15
Antenna reference point 4-5
See also ARP
Antenna, external 1-16
ARP 4-5
Automatic file rotation mode 3-39
B
Base configuration
RTK 3-29
static 3-29
Base receiver, definition 3-1
Base station 4-2
configuration 3-27–3-35
definition, RTK 3-25
definition, static 3-25
power 1-9
setup 4-2, 4-12
BATT LED 2-14
See also Battery status
Batteries 1-8, 2-9, 2-15
See also Power management
attach 2-15
auxiliary 2-17, 2-18
base station 1-9
battery shell 2-16
P/N 7010-0736
charging 2-9–2-11
charging setup 2-10
detach 2-16
Battery shell 1-9, 1-24, 2-16
Battery status
charging cradle 1-9
receiver 2-14
via PC-CDU 2-13, 2-14
Beacon, DGPS overview 1-3
Bluetooth 2-20, 2-21, 2-23
configuration 2-23–2-26
configuration utility 2-5
port B settings 6-11
port D settings 2-21
security 2-25
specifications A-8
unable to connect 2-21
Bluetooth connection parameters 3-27
Bluetooth module file 5-21
BT LED, blink pattern 1-13
BTCONF 2-5, 2-23
computer requirements 2-5
copies for different purposes 2-6
install 2-5
settings saved 2-5
uninstall 2-5
version requirements 2-5
C
Cables 1-19
alligator clips 1-23
CDMA Modem
Activation 3-23
Setting Up 3-20
Charging cradle 1-8
powering GR-3 2-17
status button 1-9
Index
Index
Checklist
PP survey configuration 3-2
pre-survey 2-1
receiver setup 4-1
RTK survey configuration 3-2
Clear NVRAM 5-20
Configure
Bluetooth module 2-23
GSM modem 3-10
MINTER 3-36
SS modem 3-4, 3-10
Connect receiver to computer
unable to connect 2-21
using Bluetooth 2-21
using PC-CDU 3-27
using RS232 cable 2-22, 2-23
using USB cable 2-22
Connector 1-17
quick disconnect 1-22
Controller 1-23
Coordinate output 4-13
GSM 4-13
spread spectrum 4-13
Cradle
See Charging Cradle
D
Data recording auto-start 3-41
Data, save to SD card 2-7
Delete files 5-8
Delimiter 5-14
DGPS 1-3
post-mission 1-4
real-time 1-4
Differential corrections 1-3
LQ field 4-13
overview 1-3
Digital UHF
modem specifications A-10
receiver specifications A-11
transmitter specifications A-11
Download
files 5-1–5-8
firmware 5-16–5-20, 5-21–5-22
Index
indicators 5-7
software 2-2
E
EIM 5-14–5-15
LED blink indications 5-15
Elevation mask 3-38
Ephemeris
broadcast data 2-26
definition 2-26
update 2-27
External antenna 1-16
F
FH915 modem 1-10
See also SS modem
RX TX LED 1-12
File creation mode 3-39
File name prefix 3-38
Files
Bluetooth module 5-21
delete 5-8
download 5-1–5-8
flash 5-18, 5-19, 5-21
power board 5-18, 5-20
RAM 5-18, 5-19, 5-21
select in PC-CDU 5-7
Firmware
files 5-18, 5-21
load 5-16–5-20, 5-21–5-22
update almanac 2-27
Firmware loader 2-6
See also FLoader
Flash file 5-18, 5-19, 5-21
FLoader 2-6
computer requirements 2-6
install 2-6
uninstall 2-7
version requirements 2-6
FN key mode 3-29, 3-40
G
GALILEO 1-1, 1-2
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Index
GLONASS 1-1, 1-2
GNSS, definition 1-2
GPRS, and SIM card 2-8
GPS 1-1, 1-2
GPS antenna 1-6
GR-3 kit 4-2, 4-3
cables 1-19
modem antenna 1-16
power supply 1-21
quick disconnect 1-22
setup Base 4-2
setup Rover 4-3
tribrach 1-21
GSM modem 1-10, 3-17
antenna 1-16
configuration 3-10–3-13, 3-19
information 3-12
RX TX LED 1-13
signal quality 3-12
GSM usage 3-10, B-1
GSM, and SIM card 2-7
H
Horizontal spacer 1-22, 4-2
part number 1-22, 4-2
I
Information mode
EIM 5-14
sleep 5-16
STAT LED 5-14
Initial data collection dynamic mode 3-
40
Install
BTCONF 2-5
FLoader 2-6
Modem-TPS 2-3
PC-CDU 2-2
SD card 2-7
SIM card 2-8
Topcon software 2-2–2-7
USB driver 2-20, 3-26
Internal antenna offset 4-5
P/N 7010-0736
L
LED
battery, charging cradle 1-9
BT blink pattern 1-13
REC blink pattern 1-12
STAT 1-11
Load firmware 5-16–5-20, 5-21–5-22
LQ field 4-14
and RTK Rovers 4-13
M
Memory 2-7
size of log files 5-9
Minimum INTERface
See MINTER
MINTER 4-8
configuration 3-36
functions 3-36, 4-8
parameters 3-37, 3-38–3-41
MMC 1-18
See also SD
definition 1-18
Modem configuration
See Radio configuration
Modem frequency range A-9
Modem status 1-12
Modem, types for GR-3 1-10
Modem-TPS 2-3, 3-3
computer requirements 2-3
disconnect 3-3
install 2-4
uninstall 2-4
version requirements 2-3
Multi-frequency 1-1
N
Navigation message 2-26
See also Almanac
See also Ephemeris, definition
NVRAM
almanac and ephemerides 2-26
clear 5-20
update almanac 2-27
Index
Index
O
R
OAF 1-26
update almanac 2-27
Offsets 4-6
horizontal 4-6
internal antenna 4-5
vertical 4-6
OmniSTAR, DGPS overview 1-3
Operating times 1-8
Option authorization file
See OAF
Radio configuration 3-3
RAM file 5-18, 5-19, 5-21
Range C-1
Real-time 1-4
REC LED
and FUNCTION button 1-14
blink pattern 1-12, 1-14
Receiver modes 5-14
See also EIM
See also Normal Mode
extended 5-14–5-15
sleep mode 5-16
Recording interval 3-38
Rover 4-3
configuration 3-27–3-35
definition, RTK 3-25
definition, static 3-25
kinematic setup 4-12
measure adapter 4-6
RTK survey, LQ field 4-13
setup 4-3
Rover receiver, definition 3-1
RS232 connection parameters 3-27
RTK 1-4
recommended mode setting 3-32
RTK survey, definition 3-25
RX TX LED and red flashes 6-14, 6-15
P
PC-CDU 2-2, 2-11, 2-20
computer requirements 2-2
configuration 3-27–3-35, 3-36–
3-42
install 2-3
manage power 2-11–2-14
save settings 3-26
version requirements 2-2
Port D settings 2-21
Ports, GR-3 1-16
color of 1-16
Post-mission 1-4
Power 2-15, 2-17
battery depletion 1-8
on/off 2-19
operating times 1-8
status 2-14
with auxiliary battery 2-18
with charging cradle 2-17
Power board file 5-18, 5-20
Power management 2-11–2-14
Power supply 1-21
charging batteries 2-10
Q
Quick disconnect adapter 1-22
measure 4-6
Index
S
SD card 1-18, 2-7
install 1-18, 2-7
Security parameters 2-25
Serial number 3-29
Set baud rate
115200 2-21, 3-27, 5-17, 6-11
SIM card 1-18, 2-7
install 1-18, 2-8
requirements 2-8
Sleep mode 5-16
Software 2-2
BTCONF 2-5
FLoader 2-6
Modem-TPS 2-3
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Index
PC-CDU 2-2, 3-27–3-35, 3-36–
3-42
general B-1
usage B-3
SS modem
antenna 1-16
SS modem configuration 3-4–3-10
STAT LED 1-11, 5-14
blink pattern 1-11, 5-14–5-15
EIM 5-14
green 1-11
orange 1-11
red 1-11
Static survey 4-11
Static survey, definition 3-25
Stop and Go survey 4-12
configuration 4-12
definition 4-12
Surveying
static 4-11
stop and go 4-12
System range C-1
T
Test 5-14, B-3
EIM 5-14–5-15
Tribrach 1-21
Tribrach, precision 1-22, 4-2
U
UHF modem 1-10
antenna 1-16
UHF radio modem 3-13
UHF usage C-1
Unable to connect 2-21
Uninstall
BTCONF 2-5
FLoader 2-7
Modem-TPS 2-4
USB connection parameters 3-27
USB driver 2-20, 3-26
W
Warnings B-1
battery pack B-2
P/N 7010-0736
Index
Notes:
Index
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.
7400 National Drive, Livermore, CA 94550
800∙443∙4567 www.topconpositioning.com
ISO 9001:2000
FM 68448
GR-3 Operator’s Manual
P/N: 7010-0736 Rev B 09/07 300
©2007 Topcon Corporation All rights reserved. No unauthorized duplication.
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