HP Cell Phone Accessories 8935 Application Guide

HP 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station

Test Set

AMPS Base Station Tests

Application Guide

Firmware Version: A.01.00 and above

HP Part Number: E6380-90017

Revision A

Printed in U.S.A

November 1997

© Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1997

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Notice

Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

This material may be reproduced by the U.S. Government pursuant to the Copyright License under the clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 (APR

1998).

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Manufacturer’s Declaration

This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the

German Sound Emission Directive, from 18 January 1991.

This product has a sound pressure emission (at the operator position)

< 70 dB(A).

Sound Pressure Lp < 70 dB(A)

At Operator Position

Normal Operation

According to ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Type Test).

Herstellerbescheinigung

Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der

Maschinenlärminformationsverordnung vom 18 January 1991.

Schalldruckpegel Lp < 70 dB(A).

Am Arbeitsplatz

Normaler Betrieb.

Nach ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Typprüfung).

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WARNING

CAUTION

Safety

GENERAL

This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation.

This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC

Publication 1010, "Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring

Apparatus," and has been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.

SAFETY SYMBOLS

!

Indicates instrument damage can occur if indicated operating limits are exceeded. Refer to the instructions in this guide.

Indicates hazardous voltages.

Indicates earth (ground) terminal

A WARNING note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A CAUTION note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operation procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product. Do not proceed beyond an CAUTION note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Safety Considerations for this Instrument

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WARNING

WARNING

!

This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord).

The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

!

!

Do not expose to or operate this instrument in outdoor atmospheric conditions such as direct rain, hail, sleet, snow, icing, sunshine or wind. Operate this instrument only within its specified temperature humidity conditions.

This instrument is equipped with internal ground fault circuit interrupter class A.

• This device does not protect against electrical shock due to contact with both circuit conductors or a fault in supply wiring to product.

• Do not use extension cord to connect this product to power receptacle. Attention-ne pas utiliser de rallonge pour raccorder le detecteur-disjoncteur a la prise de courant.

• Replace cordset only with HP 8120 series. Attention -

Remplacer uniquement par un cordon amovible numero

8120.

• Do not use in wet location. Ne pas utiliser dans un emplacement mouille.

Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.

If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer (for voltage reduction), make sure the common terminal is connected to the earth terminal of the power source.

If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

No operator serviceable parts in this product. Refer servicing to qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers.

Servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only.

To avoid electrical shock, do not perform any servicing unless you are qualified to do so.

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CAUTION

The opening of covers or removal of parts is likely to expose dangerous voltages. Disconnect the product from all voltage sources while it is being opened.

Adjustments described in the manual are performed with power supplied to the instrument while protective covers are removed. Energy available at many points may, if contacted, result in personal injury.

The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that my remain live for 5 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its power supply.

For Continued protection against fire hazard, replace the line fuse(s) only with 250 V fuse(s) or the same current rating and type (for example, normal blow or time delay). Do not use repaired fuses or short circuited fuseholders. FUSE: T 5.0A

Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this product.

Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause personal injury and/or product damage.

This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and

Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and IEC 664 respectively. For indoor use only.

This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply voltage is within the specified range.

Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet, the convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4° C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.

To prevent electrical shock, disconnect instrument from mains (line) before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

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Product Markings

CE - the CE mark is a registered trademark of the European

Community. A CE mark accompanied by a year indicated the year the design was proven.

CSA - the CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian

Standards Association.

CERTIFICATION

Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory.

Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and

Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards

Organization members.

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Warranty

This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to HP from another country.

HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. HP does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HP

SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE.

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY

DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASE ON CONTRACT,

TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

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ASSISTANCE

Maintenance Agreements

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard products. For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service

Office.

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Regional Sales Offices

IMPORTANT

Eastern USA

Sales Office

Hewlett-Packard Company

2101 Gather Rd.

Rockville, MD 20850

Tel: (301) 258-2000

Southern USA

Sales and Service


1995 North Park Place

Atlanta, GA 30339

Sales

Tel: (404) 955-1500

Fax: (404) 980-7292

Service

Tel: (404) 850-2544

Fax: (404) 980-7292

Western USA

Sales and Service


24 Inverness Place East

Englewood, CO 80112

Sales

Tel: (303) 649-5000

Fax: (303) 649-5787

Service

Tel: (303) 649-5512

Fax: (303) 649-5787

South Eastern Europe

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard Ges. m.b.h.

Liebigasse 1

P.O. Box 72

A-1222 Vienna, Austria

Telephone: 43 222 2500 0

Telex: 13 4425

Regional Sales and Service Offices

Eastern USA

Sales Office


2101 Gather Rd.

Rockville, MD 20850

Tel: (301) 258-2000

Southern USA

Service Center


930 E. Campbell Road

Richardson, TX 75081

Tel: (214) 699-4331

Western USA

Sales and Service


1421 South Manhattan Avenue

Fullerton, CA 92631

Sales

Tel: (714) 999-6700

Fax: (714) 778-3033

Service

Tel: (714) 758-5490

Fax: (714) 778-3033

European Multicountry Region

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard S.A.

P.O. Box 95

150, Route dv Nant_dl_AVRIL

CH-1217 Meyrin 2

Geneva, Switzerland

Telephone: (41/22) 780-8111

Fax: (41/22) 780-8542

Midwestern USA

Sales and Service


5201 Tollview Drive

Rolling Meadows, IL 60008

Tel: (708) 342-2000

Western USA

Service Center


301 E. Evelyn Avenue

Mountain View, CA 94041

Tel: (415) 694-2000

Fax: (415) 694-0601

United States of America

Customer Information Center


Tel: (800) 752-0900

6:00 am to 5:00 pm Pacific Time

Parts Direct: 1-800-227-8164

Northern Europe

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard Nederland B.V.

Startbaan 16

1187 XR

Amstelveen, The Netherlands

P.O. Box 667

Telephone: 31/20 5476911 X 6631

Fax: 31-20-6471825NL

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Asia

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard Asia Ltd.

22-30/F Peregrine Tower

Lippo Center

89 Queensway, Central

Hong Kong

G.P.O. Box 863 Hong Kong

Telephone: 852-848-7777

Fax: 852-868-4997

Australia, New Zealand

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

P.O. Box 221

31-41 Joseph Street

Blackburn, Victoria 3130

Telephone: (61/3) 895-2895

Fax: (61/3) 898-9257

Canada

Service Center


11120 178 Street

Edmonton, Alberta T5S 1P2

Canada

Telephone: (403) 486-6666

Fax: (403) 489-8764

Japan

Sales and Service

Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

3-29-21, Takaido-Higashi

Suginami-Ku, Tokyo 168

Telephone: 81 3 3331-6111

Fax: 81 3 3331-6631

Canada

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd.

5150 Spectrum Way

Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5G1

Canada

Telephone: (416) 206-4725

Fax: (416) 206-4739

Latin America


LAHQ Mexico City

Col. Lomas de Virreyes

11000 Mexico D.F.

Mexico

Telephone: (52/5) 326-4000

Fax: (52/5) 202 7718

International Sales Branch

Headquarters

Sales and Service

Hewlett-Packard S.A.

39 Rue Veyrot

P.O. Box 365

1217 Meyrin 1

Geneva, Switzerland

Telephone: 41-22-780-4111

Fax: 41-22-780-4770

Canada

Service Center


17500 Transcanada Highway

S. Serv Road

Kirkland, Quebec H9J 2X8

Canada

Telephone: (416) 206-3295

United Kingdom

Sales and Service


Cain Road

Amen Corner

Bracknell, Berkshire

RG12 1HN

United Kingdom

Telephone: 44 344 360000

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Contents

In This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1. Getting Started with AMPS Test

About the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

What’s Included with this Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Manual and Automatic Operation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

IBASIC programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

TX Power Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Connections for FM Carrier Loopback Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Get Started with the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Preparing the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Generate an FM Carrier Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Analyzing an FM Carrier Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

What to Do Next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

2. Testing AMPS Base Stations

AMPS Tests You Can Perform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

What You Need to Know to Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Connecting the Test Set to Your Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test Setup . . . . . . 33

Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Begin Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Transmitter Data Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Receiver Squelch Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

3. Utility Procedures

Beeper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Beeper Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

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Contents

Measuring Insertion Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Memory Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Memory Cards and Intialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Triggering the Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Help Screen Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

HP-IB Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Parallel Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Configuring the Test Set for Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Printing a Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Measuring Swept Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Tracking Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Using the Tracking Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

User Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Displaying the Pre-assigned Local User Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Assigning a Local User Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Assigning a Global User Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

To Release a User Key Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies 68

RF Chan and Tune Freq Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Measuring AC Level and DC Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

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In This Manual

What is Discussed This Manual

This manual explains how to use the HP 8935 to manually test an

AMPS base station.

This document presents a step-by-step approach to AMPS base station testing using the Test Set, including what you need to know before you can start testing.

What is Not Discussed in this Manual

• General operation of the Test Set.

Changing display screens and their associated controls is discussed in the Reference Guide (HP part number E6380-90019).

• Detailed operation of the Test Set’s spectrum analyzer and oscilloscope.

Although there are basic explanations in this manual, more detail is provided in the Reference Guide concerning the various control menus and fields available.

• How to control your base station, switch system, or any other software or hardware associated with your cell site equipment.

Each manufacturer and cellular service provider has their own cell site control and base station configuration procedures that go beyond the scope of this documentation.

• How to perform IBASIC programming operations, such as writing, editing, copying, or cataloguing programs.

Programming the Test Set is explained in the Programming Manual

(HP part number E6380-90018), and the IBASIC language is explained in the HP Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook (HP part number E2083-90005).

Conventions Used in This Manual

The following conventions are used throughout this manual to help clarify instructions and reduce unnecessary text:

Test Set refers to the HP 8935.

Test Set keys are indicated like this:

Preset

Test Set screen information, such as a measurement result or an error message, is shown like this: TX Power 7.21 W

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Which Document is

Required?

Table 1

The following documents are part of the HP 8935 document set. Use the table to help you decide which document you need.

Document Navigation

Document Part Number

CDMA Application

Guide

E6380-90016

AMPS Application Guide E6380-90017

Reference Guide

Programmer’s Guide

Assembly Level Repair

Guide

E6380-90019

E6380-90018

E6380-90015

Usage

Use this manual for basic CDMA measurements and for getting started with the Test Set.

Use this manual for making AMPS base station measurements.

Use this manual for screen and field descriptions and general operation information about the Test

Set.

Use this manual to learn HP-IB syntax and for learning how to program the Test Set.

Use this manual to perform calibration on the

Test Set and for general service information.

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1 Getting Started with AMPS Test

This chapter introduces you to the HP 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base

Station Test Set and its AMPS functions. For information on other functions in the Test Set, see “Which Document is Required?” on page

18.

To proceed immediately to the test procedures,

see “AMPS Tests

You Can Perform” on page 30.

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Getting Started with AMPS Test

About the Test Set


Product Description

This Test Set helps you install, commission, and maintain AMPS base stations. It also allows you to test CDMA base stations. (This guide discusses AMPS testing. For more information about CDMA testing, refer to the CDMA Base Station Tests Applications Guide.)

The Test Set contains an RF signal generator, RF analyzer, AF analyzer, and AF generator to test AMPS base stations. The following tools are also included:

Code Domain Analyzer

CDMA Analyzer

CDMA Generator

Spectrum Analyzer

Power Meter

Oscilloscope

AC/DC Voltmeter

IBASIC controller

Batteries

There are two methods the Test Set uses to back up its RAM. One is a set of two AA batteries mounted inside the rear panel of the Test Set.

You must periodically change these batteries. The second method of

RAM backup is an internal battery. It is not user serviceable.

Failure to take prompt action may result in loss of RAM data including

IBASIC programs and SAVE/RECALL states stored in the RAM.

To change the AA batteries, use the following procedure:

1. Turn off power and unplug the Test Set.

2. Remove the six screws in the rear panel using a TX-15 TORX

(R) screwdriver.

3. Remove the rear cover.

4. Replace the AA batteries. Do not use rechargeable batteries.

5. Replace the rear panel.

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Getting Help

If you have problems using this Test Set, and cannot find the solution in these documents or the help screens, please use one of the following contacts:

Your local or regional sales office ( see "Regional Sales and Service

Offices" on page 12 )

U.S. Call Center: 800 542-4844

Korea HP Direct: (82/2) 769-0800

Canada HP Direct: (800) 387-3154

European Call center: +31 20 547-9990

Test and Measurement Organization on the web: http://www.tmo.hp.com/

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What’s Included with this Test Set

The equipment commonly shipped with the base Test Set is listed below. Options that you order with your Test Set may change this list.

Test Set

Documentation:

• CDMA Applications Guide

• CD-ROM with the above listed manual, AMPS Base Station Tests

Applications Guide, Assembly Level Repair Manual,

Programmer’s Guide, and HP 8935 Reference Guide in Adobe™

Acrobat Reader format (.pdf).

Power cord

Cover for the front panel of the Test Set

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Chapter 1


Manual and Automatic Operation Modes

Manual and Automatic Operation Modes

You can operate the Test Set in either of two modes: manual or automatic. Controlling the Test Set with the keypad is manual operation. Controlling the Test Set with a program is automatic

Operation.

Use manual mode when you want to control the Test Set with the front panel. Manual operation is described in this document.

Use automatic mode when you want to control the Test Set with its internal IBASIC controller. To use the Test Set in automatic mode, you must load an IBASIC program into the Test Set’s memory.

IBASIC programs

You can obtain an IBASIC program in two ways: either write it yourself, or purchase a software package from Hewlett-Packard. To write programs yourself, refer to the Programmer’s Guide, included with the Test Set’s documentation.

Many of HP’s software packages are manufacturer-specific packages.

Manufacturer-specific software packages provide automated testing of the manufacturer’s base station to greatly reduce test times and provide test setup repeatability. Once configured, the software typically controls both the base station and the Test Set and prompts the user to make the required connections during testing. Test results can be printed and/or saved to a file for later use. Contact your local HP Sales

Office to find out which software packages are currently available.

Chapter 1

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21


Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements

Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements

This Test Set is designed to make highly accurate measurements.

However, to ensure that you have the most accurate measurements available, you can perform the following tasks:

Calibration

You should calibrate the Test Set whenever you change or add an internal assembly. You may want to calibrate when you upgrade firmware. See the Assembly Level Repair Manual for calibration procedures.

TX Power Temperature Compensation

The Test Set is internally compensated. However, power measurement calibration can be optimized for temperature changes using the

TX Pwr Zero field on the RF ANALYZER screen. The new calibration factors are stored in RAM until the next time the routine is used.

To have the Test Set zero the TX Power measurement automatically when needed, set the Auto Zero field on the RF ANALYZER screen to

Auto . During operation, the Test Set will temporarily halt the TX

Power measurement as it is calibrated. This can happen during a measurement. If interrupting the measurement is a problem for your test setup, set the Auto Zero field to Manual , and select

TX Pwr Zero whenever you want to manually calibrate the measurement.

22

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Chapter 1


Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)


Since an AMPS base station is basically a continuous wave (CW) FM signal, this section will guide you through the process of generating and displaying an FM signal at a cellular band frequency. It is intended to make you feel more comfortable with using the Test Set. If you are ready to begin testing, proceed to Chapter 2.

NOTE In the following operating example, you enter a common frequency for the RF generator and RF analyzer to create and view the Test Set’s own signal. However, typical AMPS base station testing uses channel assignments with different transmit and receive frequencies. This is

explained further in "Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and

Generator Frequencies" on page 68

.

Connections for FM Carrier Loopback Test

Connect the Test Set in the following manner.

Figure 1-1 FM Carrier Loopback Test Connections

AUDIO OUT AUDIO IN

HI LO

MODULATION

INPUT

AUDIO

MONITOR

OUTPUT

EXT SCOPE

TRIG IN

VIDEO

OUT

BASEBAND OUT

I Q IN

P A R A L L E L P O R T


S E R I A P O R T

S E R I A P O R T

S E R I A P O R T

ANT IN DUPLEX

16X

CHIP CLOCK

19.6608

MHz OUT

CHIP CLOCK

1.2288

MHz OUT

FRAME

CLOCK

SYNC IN

EVEN

SECOND

TRIG/QUAL

IN

10 MHz

REF OUT

REF IN

RF IN/OUT

DUPLEX OUT

RF IN/OUT

Chapter 1

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23



Get Started with the Test Set

Here are some guides for selecting screens and fields:

Use the knob to move the cursor around the screen. Reverse video boxes indicate fields that can be selected.

To select a field on the screen, push the knob, or press the

Enter

key.

Use the

RF Gen

,

RF Anl

, and

Spec Anl

keys to access the RF GENERATOR,

RF ANALYZER, and SPEC ANL screens.

Selecting the titlebar at the top of the screen displays a list of screens that can be immediately accessed when selected.

Preparing the Test Set

1. Plug in the Test Set.

2. Turn on the Test Set (or press

Preset

if it is already on). The CDMA

ANALYZER screen will be displayed.

3. Press the

Inst Config

key.

4. Select RF Display , and set the field to Freq .

5. Verify your connections.

See “Connections for FM Carrier Loopback

Test” on page 23.

Generate an FM Carrier Signal

Refer to

Figure 1-2 .

1. Press

CDMA Gen

to go to the CDMA GENERATOR screen.

2. Select CW RF Path and set it to Bypass . This shuts off the IQ modulation normally used for CDMA testing.

3. Press the

RF Gen

key to go to the RF GENERATOR screen.

4. Select RF Gen Freq and use the keypad to set the frequency to

850.000 MHz.

5. Select Amplitude and set the amplitude to 0 dBm.

6. Select Output Port and verify that the port is set to Dupl .

7. Turn on FM modulation by positioning the cursor in the lower half of the AFGen1 To field and pressing the

On/Off key.

The default FM deviation is 2.9 kHz. The default FM rate is

1.0 kHz.

24 Chapter 1

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NOTE

Figure 1-2

AF generators 1 and 2 are automatically turned off anytime you access any of the CDMA screens (CDMA GENERATOR, CDMA ANALYZER,

CODE DOM). This prevents accidental addition of AM or FM when generating a CDMA signal. If you accidentally access any of the CDMA screens when testing an AMPS base station, any AM or FM you specified on the RF GENERATOR screen will be turned off while on that CDMA screen. Previously set AM and/or FM are automatically turned back on when returning to the RF GENERATOR screen.

Setting Up the RF Generator

Enter 850 MHz

Enter 0 dBm

Turn on FM

Select DUPLEX

850.000000

0.0

2.9

kHz

Chapter 1

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25



Analyzing an FM Carrier Signal

1. Press the

RF Anl

key to go to the RF ANALYZER screen.

2. Select Tune Freq and use the keypad to set the frequency to

850.000 MHz. Notice that the Frequency Error, TX Power, FM

Deviation, and AF Frequency for the signal are automatically displayed.

Figure 1-3 Default Digital Measurements for the FM Carrier

Figure 1-4

3. Press the

Spec Anl

key to go to the SPECTRUM ANALYZER screen.

4. The signal is displayed.

5. Select Span and set it to 30.000 kHz to get a good view of the modulated signal. See

Figure 1-4 .

FM Carrier Signal

26

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Chapter 1



What to Do Next

Congratulations! You are now ready to begin testing your AMPS Base

Station. Proceed to Chapter 2, “Testing AMPS Base Stations,” on page

29 .

Chapter 1

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27



28

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Chapter 1

2 Testing AMPS Base Stations

Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) base stations for cellular telephone systems are basically continuous wave (CW) FM voice transceivers with some control and data signals for system operation. This chapter explains how to use the Test Set to manually test the RF and AF performance of the transmitter and receiver portions of the base station.

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29

Testing AMPS Base Stations

AMPS Tests You Can Perform

AMPS Tests You Can Perform

The following tests are explained in this manual:

•

"Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test" on page 34

.

•

"Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation" on page 36 .

•

"Transmitter Data Deviation" on page 38 .

•

"Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation" on page 40

.

•

"Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)" on page 42 .

•

"Receiver Squelch Threshold" on page 45 .

CAUTION Transmitter power ( TX Power ) can only be measured through the Test

Set’s RF IN/OUT port. Verify that the signal connected to this port does not exceed the limits printed by the port.

If you hear a loud “warbling” sound from the Test Set, turn off your transmitter immediately! This is the over-power alarm, warning that instrument damage may occur. Caution: Turning the Test Set off at this point does not protect the internal circuitry. Also, removing the cable from the RF IN/OUT port without turning the transmitter off may damage your transmitter or power amplifier (due to an impedance mismatch).

The ANT IN port is only used for analyzing very low level signals

(

≤

60 mW). Never attempt to measure a transmitter’s power directly using the ANT IN port, as instrument damage may occur.

The DUPLEX OUT port is only used to provide RF signals to the base station’s receive port(s). It must not be connected to the base stations transmit port or damage may occur to the Test Set.

30

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Chapter 2


What You Need to Know to Begin

What You Need to Know to Begin

You need to know how to control the base station and the basic operation of the Test Set before you can test your base station.

Test Set operation includes how to change control settings, how to navigate between control screens, and how to change the units used for any measurement or setting. Test Set operation and feature descriptions are included in the Reference Guide.

Base station operation includes turning the transmitter on and off, turning the SAT tone and data signals on and off, and knowing where to connect test cables from the Test Set to your base station.

You also need to properly configure the Test Set for your test situation.

The following sections describe operations needed to simplify Test Set operation and minimize measurement errors.

• Entering the known losses and/or gains in your test setup is explained in

"Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test

Setup" on page 33 .

• Measuring the signal loss through cables and other devices is explained in

"Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51 .

• Choosing to enter your base station’s transmit and receive frequencies by channel number or by discrete frequencies is explained in

"Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and

Generator Frequencies" on page 68 .

Chapter 2

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31


Connecting the Test Set to Your Base Station

Connecting the Test Set to Your Base Station

The connections shown in

Figure 2-1 indicate a “generic” base station

using a test interface for audio test signals and a laptop computer running a control program to control the base station. A power splitter is used for testing the receiver ports. Although this is a common setup for performing tests, audio and RF connections to base stations and the ways base stations are controlled vary among manufacturers.

Figure 2-1 Connections Between the Test Set and the Base Station

Audio

Out

Audio

In


DUPLEX OUT

(RF Gen Out)

RF IN/OUT Port

(High Power RF Input)

ANT IN

(

≤

60mW)

AMPS BASE STATION

Power

Splitter

TX Mod

Audio Signal

Test Interface

RX Audio

Laptop Running Control Program

Receive A

Receive B

Audio Test Signal breakout port.

Local Control

Port

TX side1_75.eps

32 Chapter 2

Main Menu


Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test Setup

Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test

Setup

Signal losses or gains through cables, splitters, combiners, connectors, amplifiers, or coaxial switches must be accounted for to ensure measurement accuracy. These values are entered in the INSTRUMENT

CONFIGURE screen (press the

Inst Config

key).

Refer to

"Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51 for information about

measuring cable/system losses.

• Total losses/gains between the transmitter’s output and the Test

Set’s RF IN/OUT port are entered in the RF In/Out field. A negative number (indicating a loss) causes the displayed TX power measurement to be increased by the entered amount. A positive number (indicating a gain) causes the RF analyzer to decrease the displayed TX power measurement by the entered amount.

• Total losses between the Test Set’s DUPLEX OUT port and the base station’s receive port(s) are entered in the Duplex Out field as a negative number (such as

−

1.2). The RF Generator will automatically increase its level out of the DUPLEX OUT port by the value entered to compensate for the loss.

Figure 2-2 Entering Test System Losses and Gains

Set the RF Level Offset field to On.

Enter the loss or gain between each port and the base station.

On/Off

LS AMPS

Chapter 2

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33


Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test


This test compares the measured center frequency of the base station to the AMPS channel standard. The resulting difference is the frequency error (also called the frequency offset). The measurement can be displayed in frequency units (Hz, kHz, MHz) or in parts per million

(ppm). Measurements are made with all modulation turned off.

The transmitter’s power can be measured any time the transmitter is keyed, but may not be accurate unless all modulation is turned off.

Transmitter power may be specified by the manufacturer in units of watts (W), milliwatts (mW), dBm, Volts (V), or millivolts (mV).

Prerequisites

The following conditions must be met before testing:

❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to establish a

known instrument state.

❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel or frequency tuning as

necessary ( see “Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and

Generator Frequencies” on page 68 ).

❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (

see

“Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test

Setup” on page 33 ).

Begin Testing

1. Turn off the base station’s RF transmitter. A transmitter can be damaged if it is not transmitting into a specified load, such as an antenna, power amplifier, duplexer, or power meter with a 50

Ω input impedance.

2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level printed next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.

3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT port.

4. Turn off any modulation signals to the base station.

• Turn off the SAT tone.

• Turn off any data (digital) modulation signals.

• Turn off any audio (voice) modulation signals.

5. Press the

RF Anl

key to access the RF ANALYZER screen.

6. Enter the transmitter’s RF Channel number.

34 Chapter 2

Main Menu

Figure 2-3



7. Turn on the transmitter. The TX Freq Error and TX Power measurements are displayed.

Note: Disregard any values shown for FM Deviation and AF Freq at this time.

Transmitter Frequency Error and Power Test Results

Chapter 2

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35


Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation


This test measures the transmitter’s Supervisory Audio Tone (SAT) frequency and deviation in the absence of any other modulating signal.

Prerequisites


❏ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to establish a

known instrument state.

❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (

see “Using

Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator

Frequencies” on page 68 ).


see



Test Procedure



2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level printed next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.


4. Turn off the voice modulation to the transmitter.

5. Turn off data modulation to the transmitter.

6. Enable SAT transmission.

7. Press

Shift

,

RF Anl

(AF Anl) to access the AF ANALYZER screen.

36

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Chapter 2



8. Set the Filter 2 field to 6 kHz BPF . This helps remove unwanted noise.

6kHz BPF

Figure 2-4

9. Press the

RF Anl


10.Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channel field.

11.Turn on the transmitter. The FM Deviation and AF Freq for the

SAT are displayed (as well as Frequency Error and TX Power).

SAT Frequency and Deviation Test Results

SAT Deviation

SAT Frequency

Chapter 2

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37


Transmitter Data Deviation


This test measures the transmitter’s digital data deviation in the absence of any other modulating signal.

Prerequisites


❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to establish a known instrument state.


see “Using




see



Test Procedure



2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level indicated next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.

3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.

4. Turn off voice modulation to the transmitter.

5. Turn off the SAT to the transmitter.

6. Turn on the data modulation to the transmitter.

7. Press

Shift

,

RF Anl


38

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Chapter 2

8. Set Filter 1 to <20Hz HPF .

9. Set Filter 2 to >99kHz LP .



<20Hz HPF

>99kHz LPF

Figure 2-5

10.Press the

RF Anl



12. Turn on the transmitter. The FM Deviation from the data is displayed.

Data Deviation Test Results

Data Deviation

Chapter 2

Main Menu

39


Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation


This test measures the transmitter’s maximum FM Deviation by a voice signal in the absence of any other modulation signal.

Prerequisites




see “Using




see



Test Procedure



2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level indicated next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.


4. Connect the transmitter’s audio modulation (voice) input to the Test

Set’s AUDIO OUT port.

5. Enable the transmitter’s audio (speech) modulation.

6. Turn off any modulation signals to the base station other than audio.

7. Press the

RF Anl


8. Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channel field.

40 Chapter 2

Main Menu



9. Press the

RF Gen

key to access the RF GENERATOR screen.

10. Set the AFGen1 To field to Audio Out , and a level of 50 mV.

Audio Out

Initially 50 mV

11. With the cursor still positioned in front of the level setting

(50 mV), press the

Incr Set

key and enter 20 dB using the keypad.

12. Turn on the transmitter.

13. With the cursor still positioned in front of the level setting (50 mV) press the up-arrow key once to increment the level by 20 dB.

14.Read the FM deviation.

15.Vary the AFGen1 Freq from 300 Hz to 3 kHz and observe the FM deviation at each frequency. Deviation must not exceed the rated system specification of

±

12 kHz at any time.

Increment

AFGen1 level by

20 dB.

Watch the

FM Deviation while...

...changing the AFGen1

Freq from

300 Hz to

3 kHz.

Chapter 2

16.Disconnect the cable to the transmitter’s audio modulation input

(connected in step 4) to reduce the chance of errors in your next transmitter test.

41

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Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)


This test measures the receiver’s ability to demodulate voice signals from very low RF carrier levels.

Prerequisites




see “Using




see



Test Procedure

1. Turn off the base station’s transmitter.

2. Turn the base station’s radio squelch, data, and SAT off.

3. Connect the base station receiver’s inputs to the Test Set’s DUPLEX

OUT port.

4. Connect the receiver’s audio output to the Test Set’s AUDIO IN port(s). Unless the receiver’s audio out amplifier is not referenced to chassis ground, you should only connect to the AUDIO IN - HI port.

For floating output amplifiers, see the HP 8935 Reference Manual for information on using the AUDIO IN - LO connection.

5. Press

CDMA Gen

to access the CDMA GENERATOR screen.

42

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Chapter 2



6. Set the CW RF Path field to Bypass . This turns off the IQ modulation used for CDMA tests.

Set to Bypass.

Bypass/IQ

7. Press

SHIFT

,

RFAnl


8. Set the AF Anl In field to Audio In .

9. Set the Filter 1 field to C Message .

Set to Audio In.

Set to C Message.

Audio In

C Message

Chapter 2

10. Press the

RF Gen


11. Change the lower audio measurement to SINAD. This is done by selecting the existing measurement and choosing SINAD from a list of choices.

12. Set the AFGen1 To field to FM and turn it on ( 2.9 kHz ) using the

On/Off

key.

13. Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channel field.

43

Main Menu



14. Set an initial RF generator level in the Amplitude field. This value depends on the sensitivity of the receiver; but

−

90 dBm should be a good starting point. At this point you should be able to turn the Test

Set’s Volume knob clockwise and hear a 1 kHz tone from the Test

Set’s speaker.

Figure 2-6

Set to

SINAD.

Enter the

RF Channel number.

Turn on FM modulation for the RF

Generator.

Set an initial level of

−

90 dBm.

15. Set the Amplitude field to increment in 1 dB units. To do this, position the cursor in front of the Amplitude field, press the

Incr Set

key, and enter 1 dB using the keypad.

16. With the cursor front of the field, turn the knob to decrease the

Amplitude setting until the desired SINAD measurement is displayed (commonly 12 dB). You should hear the 1 kHz tone get noisy as you approach the 12 dB SINAD reading.

SINAD Test Results

As you decrease the

RF generator amplitude into your receiver....

...the SINAD reading goes down and the signal through the Test Set’s speaker gets noisy.

44 Chapter 2

Main Menu


Receiver Squelch Threshold


This test determines the RF Signal level where the receiver squelches

(switches off) the audio output.

Prerequisites


❒ The Test Set is turned on and PRESET was pressed to establish a known instrument state.

❒ You have pressed the

Preset

key to establish a known instrument state.

❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning ( see “Using




see



Test Procedure

1. Turn off the base station’s transmitter.

2. Turn the base station’s data and SAT off.

3. Connect the base station receiver’s inputs to the Test Set’s DUPLEX

OUT port.

4. Connect the receiver’s audio output to the Test Set’s AUDIO IN port(s). Unless the receiver’s audio out amplifier is not referenced to chassis ground, you should only connect to the AUDIO IN - HI port.

For floating output amplifiers, see the HP 8935 Reference Manual for information on using the AUDIO IN - LO connection.

5. Press

CDMA Gen

to access the CDMA GENERATOR screen.

Chapter 2

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45



6. Set the CW RF Path field to Bypass . This turns off the IQ modulation used for CDMA tests.

Set to Bypass.

Bypass/IQ

7. Press

SHIFT

,

RFAnl


8. Set the AF Anl In field to Audio In .

9. Press the

RF Gen


10.Set the AFGen1 To field to FM and set it to 8 kHz deviation.


12.Set the Atten Hold field to On . The prevents the Test Set from changing its internal attenuators during the test to prevent erroneous squelch interruption.

46

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Chapter 2



13.Set an initial RF generator level in the Amplitude field. This value depends on the sensitivity of the receiver; but

−

90 dBm should be a good starting point. At this point you should be able to turn the Test

Set’s Volume knob clockwise and hear a 1 kHz tone from the Test

Set’s speaker.

Enter the

RF channel number.

Set a initial level of

−

90 dBm.

Set to On.

On/off

8.00

Turn on FM modulation for the RF generator and set to

8 kHz.

14.Set the Amplitude field to increment in 1 dB units. To do this, position the cursor in front of the Amplitude field, press the

Incr Set

key, and enter 1 dB using the keypad.

15.With the cursor in front of the Amplitude field, turn the knob counterclockwise to decrease the Amplitude setting until the received audio is no longer heard on the Test Set’s speaker (or until the AC Level reading drops suddenly). The RF amplitude at which the audio signal is no longer output is the squelch threshold.

Chapter 2

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47



48

Main Menu

Chapter 2

3 Utility Procedures

This chapter contains procedures and instructions that will help you make the most efficient use of your Test Set.

Main Menu

49

Utility Procedures

Beeper

Beeper

The beeper notifies you when a message is displayed. Since a message may be removed from the screen before you notice it, it is better to leave the beeper on to alert you to errors during operation.

The beeper’s volume setting is retained when the instrument is turned off.

Beeper Control

1. Press the

Inst Config

key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select Beeper .

3. Choose from Off , Quiet , or Loud .

50

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Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Measuring Insertion Losses

Measuring Insertion Losses

To make accurate power and receiver measurements, the signal loss through the cables or other devices used in your test setup must be known and entered into the Test Set’s INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen to compensate for these losses.

Signal losses are measured using a built-in automated routine that runs on the Test Set’s IBASIC controller. Losses can be calibrated at a discrete (single) frequency or over a frequency range. This is one routine included in a set of utility procedures called the RF TOOLS.

During the test, a calibrated signal goes through two 6-dB attentuators/pads (such as Mini-Circuits model NAT-6-60) and a short type-N male-to-male cable to establish a known reference point. The

Test Set then prompts you to connect the device under test to measure the additional loss through that device. (The pads and cable are not part of the standard equipment shipped with the Test Set.)

Figure 3-1 shows how to load and run the RFTOOLS routines and

select the desired insertion loss test.

Figure 3-1 Loading and Running the Insertion Loss Test

1 Select ROM.

2 Select RFTOOLS.

3 Select Run Test.

When the screen below appears.......

Chapter 3

...use the knob to move the cursor and select either Discrete Freq Insertion

Loss or Swept Insertion Loss. When run, the test prompts you to enter the necessary test frequency information and displays setup diagrams. Make the indicated connections and follow instructions as you are prompted by the program.

51

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Utility Procedures

Memory Cards

Memory Cards

The slot on the front of the Test Set is used for memory cards. The slot is used for the following:

• Storage of save/recall registers

• Loading of software (either HP or self-written)

• Collecting data (only when using software)

• Upgrading firmware or software

Memory Cards and Intialization

There are several types of memory cards available, and the following cards are used with the Test Set:

• SRAM: used for save/recall and data storage

• Flash ROM: used when upgrading firmware

• OTP (One-Time Programmable): used for HP software

Flash ROM cannot be used for collecting data and Save/Recall.

Data cannot be loaded on Flash RAM and OTP cards with the Test Set’s memory card slot.

SRAM can be initialized with the Test Set.

Initializing SRAM Cards for Save/Recall and Data

Collection

1. Insert the SRAM card into the slot. If the card is uninitialized, a message will appear at the top of the display.

2. Press

Shift

and

IO Confg to display the I/O CONFIGURE screen.

3. Using the knob, locate the FORMAT CARD field.

4. Select the FORMAT CARD field. A prompt will appear at the top of the display. Pressing

Yes

will erase and initialize the card.

52

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Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Oscilloscope

The built-in 50 kHz oscilloscope provides

• multiple triggering formats (internal and external)

• single-shot and pre-trigger viewing for single events

• full marker capability with automatic level and time readout

Time/division, volts/division and vertical offset are displayed and can be changed using the front-panel knob.

Input to the Oscilloscope (SCOPE) is provided from various sources including direct inputs to the Audio Input and Modulation Input connectors. Oscilloscope functions are accessed from the AF Anl and

SCOPE screens.

Figure 3-2

FM Demod

AM Demod

SSB Demod

AUDIO IN connector

Analog Modulation In connector

FM Mod

AM Mod

Audio Out

Inputs and Filters for the Oscilloscope

Controlled by

AF Anl In field

Input

Filters

De-emp

Notch

Controlled by

Scope To field

To

Scope

To

Audio Monitor

Out connector

Chapter 3

Main Menu

53

Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Input

1. Press

Shift

, then

RF Anl

(AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen.

2. Select the AF Anl Input field. A list of choices appears.

3. Select the desired input to the scope:

• FM Demod for FM demodulated audio from input signals connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• AM Demod for AM demodulated audio from input signals connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• SSB Demod for SSB demodulated audio from input signals connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• Audio In for a signal connected to the AUDIO IN connector.

• Ext Mod for a signal connected to the rear panel MODULATION

INPUT connector.

• FM Mod for the FM modulated audio from the RF generator section.

• AM Mod for the AM modulated audio from the RF generator section.

• Audio Out for the signal present at the AUDIO OUT connector.

4. The input to the oscilloscope is displayed on the SCOPE screen.

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Filters

1. Press

Shift

, then

RF Anl

(AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen.

2. Select the Scope To field. A list of choices should appear.

3. Select the desired filtering for the signal:

• Input if you want no filtering (dc coupled)

• Filters to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through filters 1 and 2. (ac coupled)

• De-emp to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through filters 1 and 2, and the de-emphasis circuitry.(ac coupled)

• Notch to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through

Filters 1 and 2, the de-emphasis circuitry, and notch filter circuitry. (ac coupled)

54 Chapter 3

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Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Triggering the Oscilloscope

You can control following triggering features of the oscilloscope:

• Trigger: external or internal

• Automated or normal triggering

• Continuous or single shot triggering

• Trigger level

• Trigger delay

The oscilloscope is triggered using the Trigger menu. Select this menu with the following procedure:

1. Press

Shift

, then

Spec Anl

(Scope) to go to the SCOPE screen.

2. Select the Controls field, then choose Trigger from the list of choices.

Chapter 3

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55

Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Using the Marker

The marker is used to help you make measurements with the oscilloscope. By repositioning the marker, you can measure the level and time.

The Marker is controlled using the Marker menu. Select this menu with the following procedure:

1. Press

Shift

, then

Spec Anl

(Scope) to go to the SCOPE screen.

2. Select the Controls field, the choose Marker from the list of choices.

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Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Online Help

Online Help

The Test Set contains help screens which briefly identify the most commonly used features of the Test Set.

Access the help screens by pressing the

Help

key. Use the knob to select the Help Topic of interest.

Pressing the

Prev

key allows you to switch between the HELP screen and the previous screen you had accessed. This is particularly useful when you are following a procedure described in the HELP screen.

Help Screen Display

Figure 3-3 Help Screen Display

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57

Utility Procedures

Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel


There are three types of data ports on the Test Set: HP-IB, Serial, and

Parallel. They each have specific purposes.

HP-IB Port

This port is provided on the Test Set for IEEE 488.2 communications. It is used to control the Test Set with an external IBASIC controller, or to control other HP-IB equipped devices.

This port can be used with an external programming device when writing programs, although it is also common to program the Test Set using a serial port.

The default address of the HP-IB port is 14. This is commonly used in

IBASIC programs. An example command providing output to the port is

OUTPUT 714;”*RST”, which presets the Test Set.

It has two modes, which correspond to modes useful when programming the Test Set. Talk&Listn is the normal mode. Use

Control only when you need to control HP-IB instruments external to the Test Set.

Controlling the HP-IB Port

1. Press

Shift

, then the

Inst Config

(I/O Config) key to display the I/O

CONFIGURE screen.

2. Set the address of the HP-IB port with the HP-IB Adrs field.

3. Use the Mode field to set the mode to either Talk&Listn or

Control .

Serial Ports

Three serial ports are available on the Test Set. Port 9 is used for printing, IBASIC control and data communications. Serial ports 10 and

11 are used only for data communications from IBASIC.

Configuring Serial Ports

All serial ports are configured via the I/O CONFIGURE screen. Baud

Rate, Parity, Data Length, Stop Length and Flow Control are all configured in this screen. Additionally, port 9 can be configured for

IBASIC control in this screen.

1. Press

Shift

, then

Inst Config

(I/O Config) to go to the I/O CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select Serial Port to choose the port you want to configure.

58 Chapter 3

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NOTE

Utility Procedures


3. Change the settings for the port as desired.

Do not turn Flow Control on (set Flow Cntl to “Hardware” in the I/O

CONFIGURE screen) for the serial port until you have a device attached to the port that can respond to the flow control communications.

Example: Assume you have a printer attached to Serial Port 9. Power is off to the printer. Before you start to run any IBASIC software (for example, the RFTOOLS program), youmust make sure the printer is attached and power is on to the printer.

Using Serial Ports for Printing

Serial Port 9 is the only serial port that can be used for printing.

See

“Printing” on page 61.

1. If you want to change the serial port configuration,

see “Configuring

Serial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications” on page 59.

It is not necessary to change the Serial_9 In field.

2. Press

Shift

, then

Print

(Printer Config) to display the PRINTER

CONFIGURE screen.

3. Select Printer Port . Choose Serial 9 to direct the output to

Serial Port 9.

4. Press

Print

to print the currently displayed screen.

Configuring Serial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications

The internal connection to Serial Port 9 is controlled in the I/O

CONFIGURE screen. The port has two purposes with IBASIC:

• Inst : Serial Port 9 is connected to a terminal (e.g. a PC running

Windows Terminal program). IBASIC commands are input from the terminal and are used to control the Test Set.

• IBASIC : Serial Port 9 is connected to a device that can communicate with an IBASIC program already running inside the Test Set.

Typically used for input/output to a PC or other device.

1. Press

Shift

, then

Inst Config

(I/O Config) to go to the I/O CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select Serial_9 In to toggle between Inst and IBASIC .

Configuring Serial Ports 10 and 11

Serial Ports 10 and 11 are only configured via IBASIC commands. See the Programmer’s Guide for commands which control these ports.

Chapter 3 59

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Utility Procedures


Parallel Ports

There are two parallel ports on the Test Set.

Parallel Port 15 is the only parallel port that can be used for printing. It can be selected in the PRINTER CONFIGURATION screen.

Both parallel ports (Port 15 and Port 16) may be used for controlling a base station. The port can be put in an input or an output mode. The data is then written or read under IBASIC control. When in either of these modes, the printing function on Parallel Port 15 is disabled.

60

Main Menu

Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Printing

Printing

You can print from the Test Set via Parallel Port 15, Serial Port 9, or the HP-IB port.

Note that data collection is not the same as printing. Data collection can only be done from a software program.

Configuring the Test Set for Printing

1. Press

Shift

, then

Print

(Printer Config) to display the PRINTER

CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select the Model field and choose the printer that most closely matches your printer.

3. Select the Printer Port field and choose the port you will connect the printer to. If necessary, use the I/O CONFIGURE screen to set up addresses and communication modes.

a. SERIAL PORT 9: This is the uppermost serial port. Configuration defaults are 9600, none, 8, 1, Xon/Xoff.

b. HP-IB: The HP-IB address (HP-IB Adrs) is set to printer address

701. Enter this number as 01. Set Mode to CONTROL. (The default address 14 is reserved for an external controller.) c. PARALLEL PORT: There are two ports available. Port 15 (the printer port) is the uppermost port.

4. Connect the proper cable to the connector you selected.

• SERIAL PORT: standard NULL MODEM cable.

• HP-IB: HP-IB cable (such as HP 10833B)

• PARALLEL PORT: parallel cable

5. Change the FF (form feed) and Lines/Page as needed.

Printing a Screen

1. Configure the Test Set for Printing.

2. Go to the screen you want to print.

3. Press the

Hold

key if you want to temporarily stop the measurement.

(Optional).

4. Press the

Print

key. Data will be sent to the printer.

5. To cancel the print, go to the PRINTER CONFIGURE screen and select Abort Print .

Chapter 3 61

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Utility Procedures

Measuring Swept Return Loss


This procedure measures the return loss (VSWR) of an antenna using an IBASIC program that is in the Test Set’s memory. An external directional bridge must be provided (such as an Eagle RLB 150X5

Option N5A or equivalent).

Press the

Menu

key to access the SOFTWARE MENU screen, and follow the instructions illustrated on the following pages.

Figure 3-4 Loading and Running the Return Loss Program

Select ROM.

Select RFTOOLS.

Select Run Test.

62

Use the knob to move the cursor and select Swept Return Loss.

Main Menu

(Next Page)

Chapter 3

Utility Procedures


Figure 3-5 Entering Swept Return Loss Measurement Information

Enter the Start and Stop Frequency values for the measurement.

The Max expected loss value is used to determine the graphics scaling when the measurement is displayed.

The DUPLEX OUT level is adjustable to reduce the RF level used when measuring the loss of sensitive devices, and to minimize the amount of transmitted power during the test (if necessary).

Select Begin Tst ( k1

) to continue.

Figure 3-6 Swept Return Loss Measurement Connections

Two 6 dB attenuators (pads), two short cables, and the return loss bridge are used to establish a calibration reference without the device under test

connected. Press Proceed ( k1

) to continue.

As indicated by the NOTE on the drawing, your return loss bridge may be marked differently than shown.

When measuring the swept return loss of a transmission line that is not terminated at an antenna, terminate the line into a 50

Ω load.

After connecting your device under test, press Proceed ( k1

) to make the measurement.

Device under test

Chapter 3

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Termination

63

Utility Procedures


Figure 3-7

The plot in

Figure 3-7 is for a cellular band antenna, swept from

800 MHz to 999 MHz. The plot (and the text above it) indicates that the maximum return loss is at 885.4 MHz. This is the point where the antenna is radiating the maximum amount of signal being fed into it from the return loss bridge, and therefore the Test Set is receiving the least amount of reflected (returned) energy back.

Swept Return Loss Measurement Results

Proceed to the run the test again or to select a different test.

Save Plot to an initialized writeable PC card. (See

"Memory

Cards" on page 52 .)

Perform a Screen

Dump to print the screen to a connected printer.

(See

"Printing" on page

61 .)

64

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Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Tracking Generator

Tracking Generator

The tracking generator is typically used for measuring return loss and insertion loss. It also allows for quick and accurate characterization of filters, duplexers, combiners, and RF to IF conversions. Broadband RF devices can be characterized with single sweeps due to the full-span sweep capability to 1 GHz. The tracking generator also includes amplitude and frequency offset. Output from the tracking generator are provided at either the RF IN/OUT or DUPLEX OUT connector.

Using the Tracking Generator

To measure return loss,

see "Measuring Swept Return Loss" on page 62 .

To measure insertion loss,

see "Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51 .

Features of the tracking generator are listed below.

• Sweep: the start and stop frequencies of the sweep are determined by the spectrum analyzer’s Main menu. The Span determines the band, and Center Freq defines the midpoint of the sweep.

• Offset Freq : sets the difference between the instantaneous frequency of the tracking generator and the center frequency of the spectrum analyzer. This value can be positive or negative.

• Amplitude : sets the amplitude of the signal.

• Norm/Invert : With Norm , the tracking generator sweeps from low to high frequencies. With Invert , it sweeps from high to low frequencies.

NOTE The offset function is useful when looking at frequency translating devices, or anytime you need to sweep around a frequency while analyzing another. During normal operation, offset is set to 0.00.

Figure 3-8 Spectrum Analyzer with Tracking Generator Controls

Displayed

Tracking

Generator

Controls

Chapter 3 65

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Utility Procedures

User Keys

User Keys

User keys instantly access instrument settings without using the knob.

You can use user keys to move quickly between fields on the same screen, and to access field settings that are not normally available on the screen you are using. When the user key is pressed, the cursor instantly moves to, and selects, the assigned field.

Global user keys are used to access settings that are not available on the current screen. Three global user keys are available: k1’, k2’, and k3’. (To use one of these keys, press

Shift

, then k1

, k2

, or k3

.)

Local user keys are used to move between settings on the screen that is currently displayed. Five local user keys are available for each screen: k1

, k2

, k3

, k4

, and k5

. You can assign these keys yourself, or use the factory preset assignments.

Displaying the Pre-assigned Local User Keys

1. Press the

Shift key.

2. Press the k4

(Assign) key.

3. Press

Enter

. Now the factory preset keys are displayed.

Assigning a Local User Key

1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.

2. Press the

Shift

key.

3. Press the k4

(Assign) key.

4. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose. The number of the user key will appear beside the field when you move the cursor.

66

Main Menu

Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

User Keys

Assigning a Global User Key

1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.

2. Press the

Shift key.

3. Press the k4

(Assign) key.

4. Press the

Shift key.

5. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose ( k1

, k2

, or k3

). Global user keys are indicated as k1’, k2’, and k3’ on the front panel to indicate that they are shifted functions. The number of the user key does not appear beside the field when using global user keys.

To Release a User Key Assignment

Perform the same procedure for assigning a key, but instead of pressing the k4

(Assign) key, press the k5

(Release) key.

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67

Utility Procedures

Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies

Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator

Frequencies

RF analyzer and RF generator frequencies can be entered by channel number (the default setting) or by discrete frequencies (in MHz). The

RF Display field on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen controls which way frequencies are entered. This screen is accessed by pressing the

Inst Config

key.

If the RF Display field is set to Chan for channel tuning, you also need to set the RF Chan Std field to LS AMPS to tell the Test Set you are testing Land (base) Station AMPS radios. This automatically sets the correct 45 MHz frequency offset needed to generate reverse channel signals and analyze forward channel signals for an AMPS base station.

If you do not know the channel number of your base station, but know the transmit and receive frequencies, set the RF Display field to Freq .

You can then enter these frequencies directly for the RF generator and

RF analyzer during tests.

Figure 3-9 Configuration to Use Channel Numbers for RF Generator and

Analyzer Settings

Set the RF Display field to Chan to turn on channel tuning.

Select the RF Chan Std field to display a list of system types.....

..and then select LS AMPS for testing

AMPS base stations.

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Chapter 3

Utility Procedures

Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies

RF Chan and Tune Freq Fields

NOTE All of the test procedures in this document assume you are using channel tuning. If you are using frequency tuning, enter the frequency in the appropriate field(s).

When you use channel tuning, the RF ANALYZER and RF

GENERATOR screens displays an RF Channel field for entering the channel to tune to or generate.

When you use frequency tuning, the RF ANALYZER screen replaces the RF Channel field with the Tune Freq field for direct frequency entry. The RF GENERATOR screen replaces the RF Channel field with the RF Gen Freq field. For AMPS Base Station tests, remember that there should always be a 45 MHz separation between the transmit and receive frequencies (transmit frequency is 45 MHz greater than the receive frequency).

Chapter 3

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69

Utility Procedures

Voltmeter

Voltmeter

CAUTION

A voltmeter is available in the Test Set, and can measure low level dc or ac voltages. The input to the voltmeter is controlled by the AF Anl In field in the AF ANALYZER screen.

Do not exceed the rated input to the Test Set for the DC Level and

AC Level measurements.

The connector best suited to making ac Level and dc Level measurements is the AUDIO IN port.

Measuring AC Level and DC Level

1. Press

Shift

, then

RF Anl

(AF Anl) to go to the AF ANALYZER screen.

2. Select AF Anl In and choose Audio In .

3. Select Audio In Lo and choose Gnd . This sets the AUDIO IN LO port to ground, which allows you to measure voltage at the AUDIO

IN HI port.

4. Attach a probe (for example a 1:1 oscilloscope probe) to the AUDIO

IN HI connector.

5.

AC Level is displayed. To change to DC Level , select the AF Freq measurement and choose DC Level from the displayed list of choices.

70

Main Menu

Chapter 3

A

AC level measuring

,

70

AC volts measuring

,

70

AF Anl Input field

,

54

AF connections

,

32

AMPS Base Stations manual testing

,

29

AMPS testing

,

18

AMPS tests receiver sensitivity (SINAD)

,

42

receiver squelch threshold

,

45

transmitter data deviation

,

38

transmitter frequency error/offset and power

,

34

transmitter maximum voice deviation

,

40

transmitter SAT frequency and deviation

,

36

AMPS Tests listed

,

30

analyzer and generator frequencies using channel numbers

,

68

Analyzing FM Carrier

,

26

ANT IN port overpower

,

30

Antenna In field

,

33

ANTENNA IN port losses

,

33

Assembly Level Repair Manual calibration

,

22

assigning global user keys

,

67

assigning local user keys

,

66

AUDIO IN port

,

32

AUDIO OUT port

,

32

automatic operation

,

21

Available AMPS tests

,

30

B

Base Station connections

,

32

batteries replacing

,

18

beeper

,

50

C cable losses compensating

,

33

cables for printing

,

61

HP-IB

,

61

Null Modem

,

61

calibration

Assembly Level Repair Manual

,

22

when you change a module

,

22

call center

Europe

,

19

U.S.

,

19

Canada HP Direct

,

19

CD-ROM documentation

,

20

Cell Band CDMA testing

,

18

change battery procedure

,

18

channel numbers using, to set analyzer and generator frequencies

,

68

congratulations

,

27

connections base station

,

32

FM Loopback test

,

23

conventions used in his manual

,

15

Index

Main Menu

71

Index

D

Data Deviation test

,

38

DC level measuring

,

70

DC volts measuring

,

70

Displaying an FM Carrier

Duplex Out field

,

33

DUPLEX OUT port losses

,

33

overpower

,

30

,

32

,

26

E entering test system losses and gains

,

33

European Call Center

,

19

F fields selecting

,

24

FM Carrier analyzing

,

26

displaying

,

26

FM Loopback test

,

23

FM Signal displaying

,

23

FM signal generating

,

24

frequencies setting analyzer and generator

,

68

Frequency Error test

,

34

72

Main Menu

Index

Index

G generating an FM signal

,

24

Getting Help

,

19

Getting Started

,

17 global user keys

,

66

assigning

,

67

releasing

,

67

H help how to get

,

19

online

,

57

screen display

,

57

hot keys setting

,

66

HP Direct

Canada

,

19

Korea

,

19

HP-IB communications via the serial port

,

59

HP-IB controller internal to the Test Set

,

21

HP-IB port controlling

,

58

modes

,

58

I

IBASIC Programs

,

21

in this manual

,

15

INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen

,

33

Index

Main Menu

73

Index

K k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 local user keys

,

66

k1’, k2’, k3’ global user keys

,

66

knob using

,

24

Korea HP Direct

,

19

L local user keys

,

66

assigning

,

66

preassigned

,

66

releasing

,

67

Loopback Test

,

23

M manual operation

,

21

manual testing

AMPS base stations

,

29

maximizing measurement

accuracy

,

22

measurement accuracy maximizing

,

22

measurement port

,

30

measuring path losses and gains

,

31

memory cards

,

52

modes of the Test Set

,

21

74

Main Menu

Index

Index

O oscilloscope

,

53

features

,

53

filters and inputs

,

53

,

56

marker selecting the filters

,

54

selecting the input triggering

,

55

,

54

P parallel port input and output modes

,

60

ports 15 and 16

,

60

path losses

,

33

measuring

,

31

PCMCIA card

,

52

Flash ROM

,

52

initializing

,

52

OTP

,

52

SRAM

,

52

PCS CDMA testing

,

18

port

HP-IB

,

58

HP-IB, serial, parallel

,

58

measuring AC or DC level

,

70

printing via the serial port

,

59

serial

,

58

Power measurement port

,

30

Power calibration/compensation

,

22

preassigned local user keys

,

66

printing

,

61

and data collection

,

61

cables

,

61

configuring the Test Set

,

61

FF (Form Feed)

,

61

how to print a screen

,

61

HP-IB

,

61

lines per page

,

61

parallel port

,

61

ports

,

61

serial port 9

,

61

via the serial port

,

59

probe measuring AC or DC level

,

70

Product Description

,

18

Programmer’s Guide purchased software

,

21

,

21

R

RAM backing up

,

18

read me first

,

31

Receiver Sensitivity test

,

42

recevier squelch threshold

,

45

return loss

,

62

RF connections

,

32

RF In/Out field

,

33

RF IN/OUT port

,

32

losses

,

33

measuring power

,

30

overpower

,

30

RF Level Offset field

,

33

Index

Main Menu

75

Index

S sales offices

,

19

SAT Deviation test

,

36

SAT Frequency test

,

36

screens selecting

,

24

serial port

,

58

configuring

,

58

configuring for HP-IB communications

,

59

port 9, configuring for HP-IB communications

,

59

port 9, configuring for printing

,

59

ports 10 and 11

,

59

using for printing

,

59

signal losses and gains compensating

,

33

SINAD test

,

42

software manufacturer-specific

,

21

purchased

,

21

Spectrum Analyzer squelch threshold

,

26

,

45

SRAM card initializing

,

52

systems

AMPS

,

18

CDMA

,

18

PCS CDMA

,

18

T temperature compensation

Pwr Zero

,

22

test interface connections

,

32

Test Set documents included

,

20

what’s in the box

,

20

tips for selecting screens and fields

,

24

TMO web site

,

19

tools contained in the Test Set

,

18

tracking generator

,

65

controls display

,

65

offset frequency

,

65

using

,

65

TX Power

,

30

TX Power test

,

34

U

U.S. Call Center

,

19

user keys global

,

66

local

,

66

releasing

,

67

setting

,

66

Utility Procedures

,

49

76

Main Menu

Index

Index

V

Voice Deviation (max) test

,

40

voltmeter

,

70

connector

,

70

volume controlling beeper

,

50

W web site

TMO

,

19

what to do next

,

27

What’s Included with this Test

Set

,

20

www.tmo.hp.com

,

19

Index

Main Menu

77

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