NetComm NB1 ADSL Modem Router คู่มือผู้ใช้
Below you will find brief information for ADSL2+ Modem Router NB1. This user guide covers the setup, configuration, and advanced features of the NetComm NB1 ADSL/ADSL2+ Modem Router. It provides instructions on connecting to the internet, configuring network settings, using security features (firewall and VPN pass-through), and managing advanced settings like port forwarding and QoS. The guide also includes troubleshooting tips and detailed specifications.
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Contents
Overview................................................................................................................................5
NB1 Package Contents ...................................................................................................6
Minimum System Requirements ......................................................................................7
Do I need a Micro filter? .................................................................................................8
LED Indicators .................................................................................................................9
Back Panel Ports ...........................................................................................................10
Restoring Factory Defaults ............................................................................................11
Default Settings .............................................................................................................12
LAN (Management) ..................................................................................................12
WAN (Internet) .........................................................................................................12
Modem Access .........................................................................................................12
Connecting your NB1 ..........................................................................................................13
Configuring your NB1 ..........................................................................................................14
Computer Hardware Configuration .....................................................................................16
Windows® XP PCs ........................................................................................................16
Windows 2000 PCs .......................................................................................................16
Windows Me PCs ..........................................................................................................16
Windows 95, 98 PCs .....................................................................................................17
Advanced Settings .............................................................................................................18
Setup .............................................................................................................................19
Setup>LAN Configuration ........................................................................................20
Interfaces ............................................................................................................20
Configuring LAN Groups ....................................................................................21
IP Settings ..........................................................................................................21
Services ..............................................................................................................23
WAN Setup>New Connection ..................................................................................24
PPPoE Connection Setup Fields .................................................................24
PPPoE Connection Setup .............................................................................26
PPP Settings .................................................................................................26
PVC (Private Virtual Circuit) Settings ...........................................................28
PPPoA Connection Setup ..................................................................................29
Static Connection Setup .....................................................................................30
DHCP Connection Setup ....................................................................................31
Bridge Settings ...................................................................................................31
WAN Setup>Modem ................................................................................................32
Logout ................................................................................................................33
Advanced .......................................................................................................................34
Advanced>UPnP ......................................................................................................35
Advanced>SNTP ......................................................................................................36
Advanced>SNMP .....................................................................................................38
Advanced>IPQoS ....................................................................................................40
QoS Setup Page ......................................................................................................40
Rules Configuration Page ........................................................................................41
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Traffic Queuing Configuration ..................................................................................42
Queue Priorities: .................................................................................................42
Configuration: .....................................................................................................42
En-queuing Policy ....................................................................................................42
Configuration: .....................................................................................................42
De-queuing Policy ....................................................................................................42
WRR Queue Scheduler for Medium and Low priority queues ............................43
Configuration: .....................................................................................................43
Low Latency Queue (Fragmentation and Interleaving) for Voice Traffic ............43
TOS-to-Priority Mapping .....................................................................................43
Advanced>Port Forwarding .....................................................................................45
More about Port Forwarding ...............................................................................45
Well-know and registered Ports .........................................................................46
Easy Port Forwarding: Applying Pre-Defined Rules ...........................................47
DMZ Settings ......................................................................................................48
Advanced Port Forwarding: Creating Custom Rules ..........................................49
Adding Custom Rules to Applied Rules List .......................................................50
Advanced>IP Filters .................................................................................................51
Advanced>Bridge Filters ..........................................................................................53
Enable/Disable Bridge Filtering ..........................................................................53
Create Bridge Filter Rules ..................................................................................53
Edit or Delete Bridge Filter Rules .......................................................................54
Hidden Bridge Filter Rules .................................................................................54
Advanced>Multicast .................................................................................................55
Advanced>Static Routing .........................................................................................56
Configuring Static Routing: .................................................................................56
Advanced>Dynamic Routing ....................................................................................57
Advanced>Access Control .......................................................................................58
Tools ..............................................................................................................................59
Tools>System Commands .......................................................................................60
Tools>User Management .........................................................................................61
Tools>Update Firmware ...........................................................................................62
Tools>Ping Test ........................................................................................................63
Tools>Modem Test ...................................................................................................64
Tools>Log out ...........................................................................................................65
Status .............................................................................................................................66
Status>Network Statistics ........................................................................................67
Status>Connection Status .......................................................................................68
Status>DHCP Clients ...............................................................................................69
Status>Modem Status ..............................................................................................70
Status>Product Information .....................................................................................71
Status>System Log ..................................................................................................72
EasyConfig ....................................................................................................................73
Help ...............................................................................................................................74
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Appendix A: Specification ...................................................................................................75
ADSL/ATM SUPPORT ..................................................................................75
ENCAPSULATION SUPPORT .....................................................................75
NETWORK SUPPORT .................................................................................75
VoIP ..............................................................................................................75
SECURITY ....................................................................................................76
MANAGEMENT SUPPORT ..........................................................................76
HARDWARE .................................................................................................76
PLATFORM SUPPORT ................................................................................76
LED INDICATORS ........................................................................................76
Appendix B: Cable Connections .........................................................................................77
RJ-45 Network Ports .....................................................................................................77
Straight and crossover cable configuration ...................................................................78
Straight-Through Cabling .........................................................................................78
Cross-Over Cabling ..................................................................................................78
RJ11 connector and cable .............................................................................................79
605 to RJ-11 adapter .....................................................................................................79
Appendix C: Glossary .........................................................................................................80
Appendix D: Registering your NetComm Product ..............................................................88
Contact Information .......................................................................................................88
Appendix E: Legal & Regulatory Information .....................................................................89
Customer Information ....................................................................................................89
Product Warranty ...........................................................................................................89
Limitations of Warranty ..................................................................................................90
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Overview
Thank you for purchasing the NetComm NB1 ADSL/ADSL2 Modem Router. Net-
Comm brings you the Next Generation of ADSL technology with ADSL-2*, which boosts ADSL’s performance, improves interoperability, and supports new applications, services and deployment conditions.
NetComm’s implementation of ADSL-2* and ADSL-2+* ensures that the NB1 operates with existing ADSL services while delivering optimal performance in all modes of operation. Powered by the latest ADSL-2* TI chipset, NetComm’s NB1 increases downstream data rates by up to 50% (12Mbps) and 100% (25Mbps) for ADSL2
Plus* mode ensuring that you can surf the net or down load your files quicker than ever before.
Security is a key issue with Broadband users and NetComm’s NB1 does not leave you exposed. Employing the latest Active Firewall technology, the NB1 checks every packet of data that comes in ensuring your defences are rock-solid against hackers, unauthorised entries, probes and even Denial of Service attacks. What’s more, the
NB1 is equipped with a VPN pass-through feature allowing you to use a standard
VPN client for Point-to-Point communication even while your Firewall is active.
The NB1 delivers the connection versatility needed to cater for today’s ADSL users.
You can simply attach the NB1 to a single PC via the Ethernet port. Alternatively, should you wish to share your Internet connection, the NB1 is equipped with an in-built Router which will support multiple PCs with the addition of device such as a
NetComm 5- or 8-port Network Switch.
The NB1’s Port Forwarding and UPnP functions have made it easier for today’s Internet users to configure and setup the myriad of Network Port Rules needed by Internet applications such as On-Line Gaming, Peer-To-Peer file sharing and Messenger services to operate. NB1 has a number of pre-configured rules for several games, just click on the game you wish to play on-line and the rest is done for you.
Added to this, the NB1 introduces a QoS (Quality of Service) feature that gives you control over which types of outgoing data are given priority by the router. With QoS you can tailor your router settings to ensure that you can keep gaming or browsing even though your upstream bandwidth may be saturated by applications such as
Peer-To-Peer file sharing.
* Your ISP must support and provide you with an ADSL-2 or ADSL-2+ service for these features to be available. This product will operate as a standard ADSL Modem Router when an ADSL-2 service is not available.
This reference manual assumes that the reader has an installed Ethernet card in the computer to be connected and has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic Computer Networking, Internet, and Firewall technology information is available from the NetComm Web site. See www.netcomm.com.au.
Note that due to the fact that the NB1 is an adaption of the NB5 multi-port router, several functions belonging to the NB5 including LAN Groups are still represented by screens in the NB1 firmware. These screens to not have a corresponding function in this model which will be noted in the manual where applicable.
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Minimum System Requirements
Before continuing with the installation of your NB1, please confirm that you comply with the minimum system requirements.
•
Pentium® MMX 233MHz
•
A Drive
•
Ethernet card installed with TCP/IP Protocol
• OS independent for Ethernet
• Web Browser support:
• Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 (or later versions)
• Netscape® Navigator 4.0 (or later versions)
• Most popular browsers
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Do I need a Micro filter?
Micro filters are used to prevent common telephone equipment, such as phones, answering machines and fax machines, from interfering with your ADSL service. If your ADSL enabled phone line is being used with any other equipment other than your ADSL Modem then you will need to use one Micro filter for each phone device.
Splitters may be installed when your ADSL line is installed or when your current phone line is upgraded to ADSL. If your telephone line is already split you will not need to use a Microfilter - check with your ADSL service provider if you are unsure.
Each micro filter is connected in-line with your telephone or fax machine so that all signals pass through it. Telephones and/or facsimiles in other rooms that are using the same ex tension will also require Microfilters. The following diagram gives an example of connecting your ADSL Modem/Router using a Microfilter.
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LED Indicators
The LED Indicators are located on the front of the unit, they are green in colour, except the Power LED which is red. The meanings are as follows:
Power
ADSL
PPP
Ethernet
On
Off
On
Flashing
Flashing
On
Off
Flashing
On
Off
Power is on.
Power is off.
A valid ADSL connection.
An active WAN session.
Trying to authenticate with ISP’s PPP server.
PPP link is up.
No PPP link available.
Flashes when data is being sent or received on the Ethernet (LAN) connection.
Indicates a link to your LAN or Network card is active.
Indicates no link to your LAN.
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Back Panel Ports
Power
Ethernet
Reset
ADSL
Power jack for AC power adaptor
4 x RJ-45
Ports for 10/100
Ethernet LAN
Reset factory defaults
Rear Panel of the NB1
RJ11 for ADSL connection to telephone line
Connect the Power Adapt0r that comes with your package.
1 x 10/100 Base-T Ethernet jack (RJ-45) to connect to your Ethernet
Network card or Ethernet Hub / Switch.
To reset your ADSL Router to factory default settings. (All customised settings that you have saved will be lost!)
Please refer to the section below on how to use the reset function.
Telephone jack (RJ-11) to connect to your
Telephone Wall Socket (ADSL line).
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Restoring Factory Defaults
This feature will reset the Modem to its factory default configuration. Occasions may present themselves where you need to restore the factory defaults on your modem.
Typical situations are:
• You have lost your username and password and are unable to login to the modem.
• You have purchased the modem from someone else and need to reconfigure the device to work with your ISP.
• You are asked to perform a factory reset by a member of the NetComm Support staff.
In order to restore your modem to its factory default settings, please follow these steps:
•
Ensure that your Modem is powered on (for at least 10 seconds).
• Use a paper clip or a pencil tip to depress the reset button for ten seconds and release. At this point, the reset is in progress. Do not power off the unit at this point.
•
When indicator lights return to steady green, reset is complete. The default settings are now restored. The entire process takes about 45 seconds to complete.
•
Once you have reset the modem to its default settings you will be able to access the device's configuration web interface using http://192.168.1.1 with username
'admin' and password 'admin'.
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Default Settings
LAN (Management)
Static IP Address:
Subnet Mask:
Default Gateway:
WAN (Internet)
192.168.1.1 *
255.255.255.0 * blank
User Name: username@isp
Password: ****
Protocol:
VPI:
VCI:
IP Address:
Subnet Mask:
Default Gateway:
Modem Access
PPPoE
8
*
35 *
192.168.1.1 *
255.255.255.0 *
0.0.0.0 *
User Name: admin
Password: admin these default settings for your NB1, your ISP may identify specific settings to enable connection to their service. Please refer to your ISP or Network
Administrator for further information.
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Connecting your NB1
The NB1 is connected via an Ethernet cable.
To connect to your NB1, you will need to have an available Ethernet Port present on your
Computer/Notebook or on your network hub or switch.
1. Connect your NB1 to either a computer directly or a network hub or switch using a CAT5 ethernet cable.
2. Connect the power pack to the ADSL Modem and switch on the power switch.
3. Ensure that there is a ETHERNET link light on the NB1.
4. Ensure that the computer you intend to use has an IP address in the same subnet as the NB1 ADSL Modem. (e.g. the NB1’s default IP is 192.168.1.1 - your computer should be on 192.168.1.100 or similar.) If you have DHCP enabled on your computer, the NB1 will assign your computer a suitable IP address.
5. Ensure that your computer has a LAN link light.
6. Connect one end of the ADSL phone line to the NB1 ADSL port and the other end to the ADSL-enabled line wall socket.
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Configuring your NB1
You will need to log directly into the configuration page of the modem and configure the basic settings for your Internet connection. Your ISP should provide you with the necessary information to complete this step.
The settings that you most likely need to change to access the Internet are grouped onto a single EasyConfig page.
To configure your modem follow the steps below:
Note: Ensure that your PC is setup as a DHCP client. Refer to the Computer
Hardware Configuration section for instructions on how to set this up with different Operating Systems.
1. Insert the CD into your CD-ROM drive. An autorun screen will appear. Click on
Con fig ure Modem.
(Alternatively, if the CD-ROM is not available, you can open a web browser and type http://192.168.1.1 in the location bar to access the modem’s EasyConfig setup screen directly.)
2. The login page will be displayed. Enter the modem’s username and password.
The default username is admin.
The default password is admin.
3. The EasyConfig page will be displayed.
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4. Check with your ISP what Protocol your modem needs to use to connect to the
Internet. If unsure, leave the default selection of PPPoE.
5. In the User ID field, enter the Username that your ISP has provided. In the password field, enter the password that your ISP has given you.
Note: If your ISP has provided you with Static addressing details you will need to access the Advanced Settings of your modem to configure these. Please refer to the section on Advanced Settings in this manual for instructions.
6. The default VPI / VCI settings for most connections is 8 / 35 in Australia. Do not change these unless your ISP has instructed you to do so.
7. Click on the Apply button to save the settings you have entered. The modem will automatically reboot. Refresh the web page after 20 seconds.
8. If the settings you entered were correct and you have an ADSL connection established the Status light will change to green.
9. You should now be able to access the Internet with a web browser, email client or other Internet application.
10. If the status light remains red after 45 seconds and you have refreshed your web page several times, check the following:
• ADSL Link light on your modem is solid green; If not, you do not have an
ADSL connection established. Contact your ISP who will assist in resolving this.
• If you have a solid green light on your modem for the ADSL Link, but you can’t access the Internet, check that the username / password you entered are correct and try again;
• If the above two suggestions don’t resolve the issue, please contact your ISP;
TIP: To test your Internet connection while the modem is attempting to apply the settings, you can open a DOS prompt (Start > Run > cmd) and execute a continual ping command to a public server’s IP address on the Internet.
Once you receive a reply from the server you know that you are connected.
This can take up to 30 seconds. e.g: c:/ ping 210.0.111.111 -t
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Computer Hardware Configuration
This section provides instructions for configuring the TCP/IP (Network) settings on your computer to work with your Modem. These steps are only required if you are having trouble accessing your Modem.
Windows® XP PCs
1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel.
2. Click on Network & Internet Connections icon. (Category mode only).
3. Click the Network Connections icon.
4. In the LAN or High-Speed Internet window, right-click on the icon corresponding to your network interface card (NIC) and select Properties. (Often, this icon is labelled Local Area Connection).
5. The Local Area Connection dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network items. Ensure that the check box to the left of the item labelled In-
ternet Protocol (TCP/IP) is checked. Select Internet Protocol TCP/IP and click on Properties.
6. In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labelled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labelled Obtain DNS server address automatically.
7. Click OK twice to confirm your changes, and close the Control Panel.
Windows 2000 PCs
First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it:
1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
2. Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.
3. In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Local Area
Connection icon, and then select Properties.
4. In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, select Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP), and then click Properties
5. In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labelled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labelled Obtain DNS server address automatically.
6. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control
Panel.
Windows Me PCs
1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
2. Click on View All Control Panel Options.
3. Double-click the Network icon.
4. The Network Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 10.
5. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not display as an installed component, click
Add…
6. In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, select Protocol, and then click Add…
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7. Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers box.
8. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the Network Protocols list, and then click
OK. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows ME installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files. If prompted, click OK to restart your computer with the new settings.
Next, configure the PC to accept IP information assigned by the modem:
9. Follow steps 1 – 4 above..
10. In the Network Properties dialog box, select TCP/IP, and then click Properties.
If you have multiple TCP/IP listings, select the listing associated with your network card or adapter.
11. In the TCP/IP Settings dialog box, click the radio button labelled Obtain an
IP address automatically.
12. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control
Panel.
Windows 95, 98 PCs
First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it:
1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
2. Double-click the Network icon.
3. The Network dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes TCP/IP, and then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 9.
4. If TCP/IP does not display as an installed component, click Add… The Select
Network Component Type dialog box displays.
5. Select Protocol, and then click Add… The Select Network Protocol dialog box displays.
6. Click on Microsoft in the Manufacturers list box, and then click TCP/IP in the
Network Protocols list box.
7. Click OK to return to the Network dialog box, and then click OK again. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 95/98 installation CD. Follow the instructions to install the files.
8. Click OK to restart the PC and complete the TCP/IP installation.
Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the Modem:
9. Follow steps 1 – 3 above.
10. Select the network component labelled TCP/IP, and then click Properties. If you have multiple TCP/IP listings, select the listing associated with your network card or adapter.
11. In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the IP Address tab.
12. Click the radio button labelled Obtain an IP address automatically.
13. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes. You will be prompted to restart Windows.
14. Click Yes.
Note: For detailed information regarding the advanced features of this product, refer to the Advanced Settings sections.
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Advanced Settings
To access the Advanced Settings of your modem you click on the Advanced Settings link on the EasyConfig web page. To access this page, enter http://192.168.1.1 and login with username ‘admin’ and password ‘admin’.
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Setup
Click the Setup tab.
The Setup screen allows you to change current settings for your LAN (Local Area
Network), Ethernet Switch and WAN (Wide Area Network). You can also create new connection profiles.
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Setup>LAN Configuration
Click on the LAN Configuration link under the Setup menu to configure your Local
Area Network settings.
Interfaces
This section displays the available interfaces on your modem that have yet to be configured. The default setting is to have all interfaces in LAN group 1.
Note: The interface is based on the related NB5 product which allows for LAN groups, however in the case of the NB1 only one LAN group is possible.
Click on Configure to configure LAN settings.
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Configuring LAN Groups
You will be presented with the following screen:
IP Settings
The IP address is usually 192.168.1.1 but you can change it (e.g. 192.168.0.1 or
10.0.0.1 or 172.16.1.1) to suit any existing network devices you already have installed. The NetMask describes how big your network is, the default 255.255.255.0 will allow for 253 computers and generally does not need to be changed unless to suit existing network requirements.
Note: If you change your IP address the DHCP server in your modem will automatically change the IP address range (DHCP pool) it hands out accordingly.
Option
IP Address:
Netmask:
Default Gateway:
Description
Private IP address for connecting to a local private network (Default:
192.168.1.1).
Netmask for the local private network
(Default: 255.255.255.0).
This field is optional. Enter in the IP address of the router on your network.
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Option
Host Name:
Description
Required by some ISPs. If the ISP does not provide the Host name, please leave it blank.
Domain Name: www.dyndns.org will provide you with a Domain Name. Enter this name in the
“Domain Name” field.
Click Apply to save the changes.
Apply:
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Your Modem has its DHCP
Server enabled by default. This means it will assign valid IP addresses to each computer connected to it and will direct those computers to use the Modem as the gateway to the Internet. Having the DHCP server enabled is the recommended choice.
When selecting certain radio buttons you will notice that some of the options available for configuration will be greyed out. For example, when selecting ‘Unmanaged’ you will notice that all fields under IP Settings are greyed out. This means that no settings are configurable if the interface is unmanaged.
Option Description
Unmanaged
Obtain an IP Address automatically
IP Address
Netmask:
Interface is ignored.
Interface will be allocated an IP address by a DHCP server.
The IP address assigned to the interface by a DHCP server on your network.
The subnet mask assigned to the interface by a DHCP server on your network.
Release button
Renew button
It is possible to release the IP address by clicking the Release button.
It is possible to renew the IP address by clicking the Renew button.
PPP IP Address The IP address to be used during a PPP session. This defaults to the IP address of the interface.
Use the following static IP address (Default) This is the IP address of your
Modem on your local network. This IP address is specified on all computers on your network as the Gateway IP address. The IP address is also the IP address you type into your browser location bar to login to your modem’s web interface.
Note: If Server and Relay are turned off you need to assign IP addresses within the same range to the PCs connected to the modem else they will not be able to communicate with the modem. For example, if your modem’s Ethernet interface address is 192.168.1.1 with a subnet mask of
255.255.255.0 you need to assign static addresses starting at 192.168.1.2 up to 192.168.1.253.
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If you disable the DHCP server in the Modem you will need to either manually (statically) assign IP address information to each computer or use another device/computer as DHCP server.
Note: It is not recommended that you have more than one DHCP server enabled on your network.
Option Description
Server On:
Start IP:
End IP:
Lease time:
Enable DHCP Relay:
Enables the DHCP server.
Sets the start IP address of the IP address pool.
Sets the end IP address of the IP address pool.
The lease time is the amount of time an
IP address issued by the DHCP service of your modem is valid before being updated. If all fields are 0, the allocated
IP address will be effective indefinitely.
Allow PCs on LAN to request IP address from other DHCP server.
Services
It is possible to set the services for an interface by clicking on the hyperlink which will take you to the page to configure them. Please refer to the relevant section in this manual for information on the settings for these services.
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WAN Setup>New Connection
If you click ‘New Connection’ you will see the screen shown below.
The Connection setup page requires you to choose the correct settings to work with your ADSL connection as specified by your ISP. The screen will add or remove nonapplicable choices as you change options. There are a few main settings you will need to confirm with your ISP before you can complete this page, these are;
•
Type of Connection (e.g. PPPoE, PPPoA, Static, DHCP, Bridge, CLIP)
• Username & Password (usually only required for PPPoE or PPPoA types)
•
VPI & VCI (usually VPI=8 and VPI =35)
• Authentication (Usually AUTO will work otherwise check with your ISP)
Most other choices on this screen are personal preference and not critical to getting your connection working.
Note: The Username & Password you need to type in here are for your ISP’s account and are supplied to you by your ISP.
PPPoE Connection Setup Fields
Option
Name
Type
Sharing
Description
You need to provide for a connection
(e.g. MyISP)
Select the type of connection for this profile.
Decide whether you want to share this connection. You can share a connection using a VLAN (Virtual LAN) or by a PVC
(Private Virtual Circuit).
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Option
Options: NAT / Firewall
VLAN ID
Priority Bits
Description
NAT (Network Address Translation allows you to share the public IP address assigned to the WAN (Wide Area
Network) interface of your modem with multiple clients on your LAN (Local
Area Network). NAT also acts as a basic firewall. The firewall feature protects the
PCs on your LAN from malicious attacks from people on the Internet (e.g. DOS attacks).
If you decide to share this connection with a VLAN, this field will be enabled and you need to select your VLAN ID. 1
Set the priority bit of the Ethernet frame if using a VLAN.
1 For more information on VLANs visit http://www.javvin.com/protocol/VLAN.html.
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PPPoE Connection Setup
PPP Settings
Option
Username:
Password:
Idle Timeout:
Description
Enter the username provided by your
ISP.
Enter the password provided by your
ISP.
Idle timeout means the router will disconnect after being idle for a preset amount of time. The default is 60 seconds. If you set the time to 0, the ADSL connection will remain always connected to the ISP.
Keep Alive:
Authentication:
If mode is LCP, This is the Keep Alive timer. If a reply to the LCP echo is not received in this amount if time, the connection is dropped. The Default is 10.
Default is Auto. However, if your ISP asks you to specify the authentication type, you can select it here (CHAP or
PAP).
MTU Unit the largest packet size in bytes that the modem transmits. Any packets larger than the MTU setting are fragmented into smaller packets before being transmitted.
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Option
On Demand:
Default Gateway:
Enforce MTU:
Debug:
PPP Unnumbered:
Description
If enabled the Idle Timeout field can be modified. On Demand specifies that the modem will connect to the Internet on demand.
Specifies that this connection will be the default gateway for other LAN groups to access the Internet.
Specifies that the MTU setting will be enforced.
Enable to turn on the debugging mode of your modem. Your ISP may ask you to do this should you be experiencing problems connecting to the Internet.
An unnumbered interface does not have an IP address assigned to it. An unnumbered interface is often used in point-topoint connections where an IP address is not required. You’ll notice that once
PPP Unnumbered is enabled you need to choose the LAN group to which this applies.
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PVC (Private Virtual Circuit) Settings
Option
VPI:
VCI:
QoS:
PCR:
SCR:
MBS:
CDVT:
Auto PVC:
Connect /
Disconnect Buttons:
Apply:
Description
(Virtual Path Identifier) If instructed to change this, type in the VPI value for the initial connection (using PVC 0).
Default = 0.
(Virtual Channel Identifier) If instructed to change this, type in the VCI value for the initial connection (using PVC 0).
Default = 0.
Your modem can support up to 8 PVCs.
For example, you could have one PVC
(8/35) for your Internet traffic, and another PVC (9/35) for your VoIP traffic.
Contact your ISP for further details.
Default is UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate).
Change this setting if your ISP instructs you to do so. The other settings are CBR
(Constant Bit Rate) and VBR (Variable
Bit Rate).
Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424
(the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak
Cell Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells.
The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be transmitted. maximum number of cells accepted over a period of time. When the cell rate exceeds the MBS cells can be dropped.
Cell Delay Variation Tolerance. If your
PVC is a CBR service you need to set the PCR and CDVT parameters. Ask your
ISP what the best settings are for these on their network.
If enabled your modem will automatically detect your PVC (VPI/VCI) settings.
Click Connect button to attempt to connect using the settings you have specified. Click Disconnect button to disconnect the current profile.
Click Apply to save the changes.
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PPPoA Connection Setup
When specifying your connection Type to be PPPoA you are able to change the Encapsulation to either LLC (Logical Link Control) or VC (Virtual Circuit) encapsulation.
The default is LLC so do not change this setting unless your ISP instructs you to do so.
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Static Connection Setup
Option
Encapsulation:
IP Address:
Mask:
Default Gateway:
DNS:
Mode:
Description
Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP. The default is LLC, so only change this to VC if your ISP asks you to.
If your ISP has issued you with a static public IP address, you need to specify it here. (e.g. 210.1.123.123).
The subnet mask specified by your ISP.
The default gateway specified by your
ISP.
You have the choice to specify up to three DNS (Domain Name Service) servers. The function of a DNS server is to map URL names (e.g. www.
google.com.au) to their IP addresses
(e.g.66.102.7.147). If DNS 1 is down, your modem will use DNS 2.
Bridged and Routed
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DHCP Connection Setup
Option
Encapsulation:
IP Address:
Mask:
Gateway:
Default Gateway:
Bridge Settings
Encapsulation:
Select LAN:
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Description
Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
The IP address assigned by an external
DHCP server.
The subnet mask assigned by an external DHCP server.
The gateway assigned by your DHCP server.
Enable this if you want to use this profile connection as the default gateway for clients to connect to the Internet.
Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
Select the LAN group to which you want to bridge this connection to. Having a
Bridged Connection places the modem into a ‘dumb’ mode. The modem connects to the ISP, but does not perform authentication, routing or firewalling functions. You will need to have an additional router plugged into a LAN port of your modem to perform these functions.
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WAN Setup>Modem
Here you can choose one of four ADSL handshake types, typically MMode (Multimode) will work on Australian ADSL lines. You should not need to change this setting unless advised by your ISP.
Option
T1413:
Description
Full-Rate (ANSI T1.413 Issue 2) with line rate support of up to 8 Mbps downstream and 832 Kbps upstream.
GDMT:
GLITE:
MMODE:
ADSL2, 2Plus
Full-Rate (G.dmt, G992.1) with line rate support of up to 8 Mbps downstream and 832 Kbps upstream.
G.lite (G.992.2) with line rate support of up to 1.5 Mbps downstream and 512
Kbps upstream.
Support Multi-Mode standard (ANSI
T1.413 Issue 2; G.dmt(G.992.1);
G.lite(G.992.2)).
Higher rate ADSL services gradually being made available at various exchanges. Follow ISP advice on whether this connection is suitable.
Click Apply to save the changes.
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Logout
Click Log Out to logout of the modem’s configuration interface.
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Advanced
The Advanced menu allows you to configure a number of features of your modem.
This section deals with these features.
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Advanced>UPnP
Your modem is Universal Plug ‘n Play Capable, for security this feature is disabled by default. The UPnP architecture is a distributed, open networking architecture that leverages TCP/IP and the Web to enable seamless proximity networking in addition to control and data transfer among networked devices in the home, office, and everywhere in between.
Supported by a large number of hardware and software vendors, UPnP provides a simple method for enabling certain network games and messaging applications to communicate, without requiring configuration of your router’s NAT function.
To Enable UPnP click the Enable UPnP box and choose the WAN connection (usually
‘PPPoE’). Select the LAN Connection (e.g. LAN Group 1) to which UPnP is to be applied to.
Option
Enable UPNP:
Click Apply to save the changes.
Description
Enable the UPnP.
2 For more information on Universal Plug and Play, see http://www.microsoft.com/ technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/evaluate/upnpxp.mspx.
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Advanced>SNTP
SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) allows your modem to update its time automatically using an SNTP server. To enable this feature, click the Enable SNTP tick box.
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Option
Primary, Secondary,
Tertiary SNTP Servers
Timeout:
Polling Interval:
Retry Count:
Time Zone:
Day Light:
Description
This allows you to enter three different
SNTP server addresses. If one of these servers is unavailable your modem will use an alternative. An example of an NTP server on the Internet is
128.250.36.3.
The number of seconds your modem will attempt to connect to an SNTP server before trying an alternative server should the server you are trying to connect to be unavailable.
The interval that your modem will update its time with an SNTP server.
The number of attempts at connecting to an SNTP server.
Select the time zone you are in.
Enable this to enable daylight savings for the time on your modem.
Click Apply to save the settings.
To check that your NB1 modem is talking to an NTP server, follow these instructions for Windows Operating Systems:
1. Open a Command Prompt (Start > Run > cmd).
2. Type telnet 192.168.1.1 (or the IP address of your modem) and enter.
3. Type your login and password.
Login: admin
Password: admin
4. date [ENTER key]
5. Note that the date is set correctly.
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Advanced>SNMP
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows a network administrator to monitor a network by retrieving settings on remote network devices. The network administrator typically runs an SNMP management station program such as
MIB browser on a local host to obtain information from an SNMP agent such as the router you use now.
Option
Vendor OID:
Enable SNMP Agent:
Enable SNMP Traps:
Name:
Location:
Contact:
Community
Name:
Access Right:
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Description
The enterprise OID to which the system belongs to.
Enabled by default. Allows SNMP management software to connect to your modem and gather information.
Enabled by default. Enables an agent to notify the management station of any significant events by using an unsolicited SNMP message.
Enter a name for your modem.
Enter the location (e.g. Sydney).
Enter an email address for a contact.
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Option
Traps
Destination IP:
Trap Community:
Trap Version:
Apply:
Description
The IP address of the SNMP management device.
Used when sending SNMP traps to another device.
Click Apply to save the changes.
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Advanced>IPQoS
IP QoS (Quality of Service) allows you to set priorities for traffic travelling through your modem. For example, you may want to prioritize your UDP traffic over your
TCP traffic. Typical UDP traffic would be your VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) traffic. This section describes how to make use of your modem’s IPQoS feature.
The NB1 should have two primary sections for setting up IP QoS services:
1. A QoS setup page to configure the upstream/downstream connection queue priorities, and
2. A Rules configuration page.
QoS Setup Page
The QoS setup page will have 2 primary fields:
1. Connection name selection,
2. A table to select queue weights for the system transmit queues.
IP QoS traffic shaping is associated with any transmitted traffic from the perspective of the NB1. Each interface has 3 priority queues associated with transmit data.
The web UI will allow the user to choose any interface connection and select the priority weights associated with that connection. For Example; the user could have a connection named WAN1 or a connection named LAN1. If the user selects WAN1 the transmit queues will be associated with that connection, and likewise with LAN1
(Refer to the following diagrams). All interfaces on the LAN are currently bridged and therefore the only connection name is that name associated with the LAN.
Transmit queues associated with WAN connection
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Transmit queues associated with LAN connection
The high priority queue has strict priority over the medium and low priority queue, and therefore can exhaust all available bandwidth. The web UI will allow the user to select the weights of the medium and low priority queues in increments of 10 percent so that the sum of the weights of the 2 queues is equal to 100 percent. These queues will be serviced on a Round Robin priority basis according to the weights assigned, after the high priority queue has been completely serviced.
Rules Configuration Page
The Rules configuration page will allow the user to define IP matching fields to associate with the priority queues associated with the named connections selected above in the “QoS Setup Page” section.
There will be three primary fields for the user to select: 1.) A Trusted mode check box. 2.) A traffic priority choice (High, Medium, Low), and 3.) An IP rules matching selection area.
The NB1 has two primary modes of operation with regard to queue traffic prioritization; Trusted, and Un-trusted. The Web UI will provide one check box to enable trusted mode. In trusted mode all rules will be applied first regardless of the setting of the TOS bits. After the rules have been exhausted the existing TOS bit settings will be honoured. If the “Trusted mode” box is unchecked this will indicate the “Untrusted mode.” “Un-trusted” mode will match first against all rules as in “Trusted” mode. The difference is that if there is no match then a default rule will be used.
The default rule will have an associated queuing priority.
Rule definitions will be defined by the user by allowing the user to select matching based on Source IP, Destination IP, IP Protocol, Source Port, Destination Port, and
Incoming Mac Port (switched LAN Port). These selections will define a rule and be associated with a particular queue priority: High, Medium, and Low.
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Traffic Queuing Configuration
Based on the TOS (DSCP) marking, the NB1 shall prioritize the traffic servicing on the outgoing interface (facing the Access Network) using a 3-band priority mechanism as described below.
Queue Priorities:
One Expedited Forwarding (EF) Queue: High Priority queue with non-preemptible service. The EF queue is always scheduled first prior to the medium and low priority queues and runs to completion
Two Queues (Medium and Low Priority) with Weighted Round Robin service. Based on the associated weights, packets on these queues share the remaining link bandwidth (after the EF service). The low priority queue corresponds to Best Effort service. Looking forward, the medium priority queue will play the role of Assured
Forwarding Queue.
Configuration:
a.) The Medium, and Low Priority Queue weights will be selectable via the Web UI.
User weights for these two queues are entered as a percentage in increments of
10%. The sum of the 2 weights must be equal to 100 percent.
En-queuing Policy
Inter-queue isolation to make greed work on the Residential Gateway: the transmit interface buffer (a common pool for all queues) can be monopolized by a greedy flow on the low priority queue thus preventing en-queuing high priority traffic. To prevent such conditions the en-queuing process is using a simple configurable allocation of per-queue lengths, adding up to the total queue length.
Configuration:
The Expedited Forwarding queue (fast service queue) length will be configurable via the config.xml file. This parameter will not be configurable via the Web UI. Please call NetComm Support and request to speak with an engineer should you require this XML file to edit.
The Medium and Low priority queue lengths will be proportionally calculated via the queue weights selected in 1.) Queue Priorities above.
Total queue length for all three queues will sum to the transmit queue length set in the system.
Packets overflowing their queues will be tail-dropped, penalizing stochastically the greediest flow within each queue.
Future implementations may introduce a “buffer stealing” policy. This policy will remove the fixed buffer limits and allow a particular queue buffer to decrease to some predefined minimum limit.
De-queuing Policy
Expedited Forwarding Queue (High Priority) is always serviced first at each packet scheduling cycle and serviced to extinction. Therefore, the EF queue is non-preemtible by the Medium and Low priority queues.
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WRR Queue Scheduler for Medium and Low priority queues
The L and M weights will be configured from the Web UI as stated above in 1.)
Queue Priorities.
A service scheduling array will be pre-computed for the Medium and Low priority queues based on the user configurable weights assigned to these queues. Each array slot corresponds to a scheduling cycle. The pre-computed algorithm will allocate scheduling slots for each queue based on the Medium and Low priority queue weights and uniformly interleave them through the scheduling array. This array will provide an O(1) scheduler with a minimum possible average latency for each of the two queues.
Configuration:
The weighted values used for the WRR scheduler will be calculated based on the percentage weights the user inputs in the Web UI as stated above in 1.) Queue
Priorities.
Example: User selects a Medium Queue Weight = 60 %, and Low Queue Weight =
40%. Then the O(1) scheduling array will look like {L, M, M, L, M, M, L, M, M, L} where L and M represents a scheduling cycle for the respective Low and Medium queues.
Low Latency Queue (Fragmentation and Interleaving) for Voice Traffic
With Voice traffic shared over same PVC with Data traffic, the simple packet classification and prioritization will not suffice to achieve the low latency required by voice.
In this case, a voice call triggers dynamic flushing of existing data packets from device queues (including DSL device driver) for Head of Line Blocking removal, and
IP MTU resizing based on uplink bandwidth for fragmentation and packet interleaving of voice and data. Below is an example of MTU calculations:
VIF
Total delay PSTN delay
end-to-end budget
(ms) (ms) 100kbps
Maximum Data Fragment size based on upstream bandwidth (bytes)
150kbps 200kbps 250kbps
10ms 200
20ms 200
30ms 200
100 207
100 82
100 x
363
175 x
519
269
19
675
363
50
For Voice traffic priority an extra EF queue was added to PRIOWRR. This extra queue should not be exposed via WebUI config for data usage. Its use is triggered internally by the voice app using the socket options system calls. Voice packets are using this EF queue. Signalling for Voice uses the next EF queue that’s also exposed on the web config. This means that voice signalling can be mixed with data if user configures data for High Priority.
TOS-to-Priority Mapping
High Priority Marking for Expedited Forwarding Queue: DSCP Mark: xx1000
Medium Priority Marking: DSCP Mark: xx0100
Low Priority Marking for Best Effort: DSCP Mark: xx0000
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The four TOS bits (the ‘TOS field’) are defined as:
Binary Meaning
1000
0100
Minimize delay (md)
Maximize throughput (mt)
0010
0001
0000
TOS
0x0
0x2
0x4
0x6
0x8
0xa
0xc
Bits
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Maximize reliability (mr)
Minimize monetary cost (mmc)
Normal Service
Means
Normal Service
Maximize Reliability mmc+mr
Maximize Throughput mmc+mt mr+mt
Linux Priority Queue Priority Band
0
Minimize Monetary Cost 1
0
0
2
2
2
Best Effort
Filler
Best Effort
Best Effort
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0xe 7
0x10 8
0x12 9
0x14 10
0x16 11
0x18 12
0x1a 13
0x1c 14 mmc+mr+mt
Minimize Delay mmc+md mr+md mmc+mr+md mt+md mmc+mt+md mr+mt+md
2
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
Bulk
Interactive
Interactive
Interactive
Interactive
Int. Bulk
Int. Bulk
Int. Bulk
0x1e 15 mmc+mr+mt+md 4 Int. Bulk
The Default queue priority for non-mapped TOS values is Best Effort.
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
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Advanced>Port Forwarding
Port Forwarding is necessary because NAT [=Network Address Translation] only forwards traffic from the Internet to the LAN if a specific port mapping exists in the
NAT translation table. Because of this, the NAT provides a level of protection for computers that are connected to your LAN. However, this also creates a connectivity problem when you want to make LAN resources available to Internet clients, which you may want to do to play network games or host network applications.
Thus Port Forwarding is necessary to run certain games, chat clients, video-conferencing and other kinds of applications. You might also need to configure port-forwarding if you intend to host a web server or mail server that is to be visible outside your LAN.
TIP: In situations where you are hosting a Web Site or, for example, setting up a regular NetMeeting link, it is advisable to consider implementing a Fixed
IP address, otherwise the dynamic IP address allocated by DHCP will need to be communicated prior to every user session.
More about Port Forwarding
In TCP/IP and UDP networks a port is a 16-bit number used to identify which application program (usually a server) incoming connections should be delivered to.
Some ports have numbers that are pre-assigned to them by the IANA (the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), and these are referred to as “well-known ports”.
Servers follow the well-known port assignments so clients can locate them.
If you wish to run a server on your network that can be accessed from the WAN
(i.e. from other machines on the Internet that are outside your local network), or any application that can accept incoming connections (e.g. Peer-to-peer/P2P software such as instant messaging applications and P2P file-sharing applications) and are using NAT (Network Address Translation), then you will usually need to configure your router to forward these incoming connection attempts using specific ports to the PC on your network running the application. You will also need to use port forwarding if you want to host an online game server.
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The reason for this is that when using NAT, your publicly accessible IP address will be used by and point to your router, which then needs to deliver all traffic to the private IP addresses used by your PCs.
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the central coordinator for the assignment of unique parameter values for Internet protocols. Port numbers range from 0 to 65535, but only ports numbers 0 to 1023 are reserved for privileged services and are designated as “well-known ports”. The registered ports are numbered from 1024 through 49151. The remaining ports, referred to as dynamic ports or private ports, are numbered from 49152 through 65535.
Examples of well-known and registered port numbers are shown in Table 4, for further information, please see IANA’s website at: http://www.iana.org/assignments/ port-numbers
Well-know and registered Ports
Port Number
20
21
22
23
25
53
69
80
110
119
123
161
443
1503
1720
4000
7070
Protocol
TCP
TCP
TCP & UDP
TCP
TCP
TCP & UDP
UDP
TCP
TCP
TCP
UDP
TCP
TCP & UDP
TCP
TCP
TCP
UDP
Description
FTP Data
FTP Control
SSH Remote Login Protocol
Telnet
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
DNS (Domain Name Server)
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
World Wide Web HTTP
POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3)
NEWS (Network News Transfer Protocol)
NTP (Network Time Protocol)
SNMP
HTTPS
T.120
H.323
ICQ
RealAudio
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Easy Port Forwarding: Applying Pre-Defined Rules
Available pre-defined rules are categorised according to the application type. Click the Radio Button adjacent to the appropriate Category, and then select the required application name. Click on the Add button to move the application into the Applied
Rules box. In the example shown on the previous page, ‘Delta Force’ has been selected from the list of Available Rules and is about to be copied to Applied Rules. In the example, this will configure your Modem ports to use with ‘Delta Force’ .
Option
WAN Connection:
Allow Incoming Ping:
Description
Refers to the active Connection Profile.
Select LAN Group:
Enabling this feature allows users on the WAN side of your modem to receive replies to an ICMP ping command. Useful for testing remote connection to your modem.
Select the LAN group for which you are setting up the port forwarding rules for.
LAN IP:
New IP:
Select the device (PC) to which you will be port forwarding data to. The default will be the LAN device currently logged in to the modem’s web interface. For example, if you had a web server with
IP address 192.168.1.100, you would select this from the drop-down list.
If you wish to manually add a LAN client so that you can apply rules to it, click on the New IP Button and enter Host
Name, MAC Address and IP Address.
Note: The MAC address needs to be entered in the format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx: xx. You do not need to enter a MAC address.
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DMZ Settings
A DMZ (demilitarized zone) is a computer host or small network inserted as ‘neutral territory’ between a private LAN and the Internet. It prevents outside users from getting direct access to LAN computers while still being able to access services hosted on the designated DMZ Computer.
When using NAPT to share your internet connection, LAN computers will still be able to access the Internet when the DMZ host is enabled. Any direct communication to the WAN port of your Modem that is not a reply to the original NAPT request is forwarded to the DMZ host.
Description Option
Select your WAN
Connection:
Select LAN group:
Select the connection to which your
DMZ client is connected to.
Select the LAN group in which you want to place the DMZ client.
Select a LAN IP
Address:
LAN Clients:
Select the LAN IP address of the DMZ client.
Click the LAN clients hyperlink to manually add a LAN client.
Click the Apply button to save the settings.To remove a rule from the Applied Rules box, select the Rule and click on the Remove Button.
To save changes, click on Apply.
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Advanced Port Forwarding: Creating Custom Rules
Click the Custom Port Forwarding link to setup a custom rule.
If there is no pre-defined Port Forwarding Rule for a particular application, a User
Rule can be created which defines the required Port(s), Protocol(s) and Internal Port forwarding rules.
To create a custom rule you will need to know the specific port number(s) and port type [UDP or TCP] that the application requires. These will be the outside port numbers. Some appli cations specify a range of ports in which case you will need to know both the starting and ending port numbers in the range, which are mapped by the start port and end port fields.
The Destination Port Map field specifies the internal port that the data will be directed to on the LAN Client. When dealing with port ranges, the Internal Port (designated by the Port Map field) will be the same as the first port in the range. When you simply want to forward a single port from outside (i.e. WAN side) to inside (i.e.
LAN side), then all three fields (Port Start, Port End and Port Map) will have the same port number.
Option
Connection:
Description
Choose the connection to which the rule is to be applied to.
Application:
Protocol:
Provide a name for the application (e.g.
Azureus). The name must be unique, must not contain spaces and cannot begin with a number.
Can be either TCP or UDP, or both.
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Option
Source IP Address:
Source Netmask:
Description
The client on the Internet sending the data (e.g. 202.44.55.66). Note, if you do not know the IP address of the client use 0.0.0.0 for any client on the Internet.
The subnet mask of the client connecting to you. Note, if you do not know the
Netmask use 0.0.0.0.
Destination IP Address: The LAN IP address of the device on your network to which packets of data will be forwarded to (e.g. 192.168.1.2).
The subnet mask of the LAN device.
Destination Netmask:
Destination Port Start
& Destination Port End.
Destination Port Map:
The ports on the remote client from which data is being sent to your modem’s corresponding ports. These will be the same if you are forwarding only a single port. If there is a range, then port start is the first number in the range, and port end will be the last number.
This is the port number that the data should be forwarded to on the specified LAN IP (i.e. the inside port). This is usually the same as the port start figure.
TIP: It is possible to map outside port numbers, or ranges [i.e. port start…port end] to a different inside port numbers [port map] for reasons of security or convenience.
Click ‘Apply’.
The Port Rule settings defined by this process will then be displayed in a table at the bottom of the Rule Management panel.
If you wish to add more ports to this rule, leave the text name in the Rule Name field and enter the new port settings. Click ‘Apply’ and the new settings will be added to the list.
Adding Custom Rules to Applied Rules List
When you have assigned all necessary ports to the Rule and they appear in the table, click on the Port Forwarding menu item to return to the main Port Forwarding screen.
User-created rules will be shown in the Available Rules list when the User Category radio button is selected. You can now apply the rule(s) by selecting it and clicking
Add. This will add the rule to list of applied rules.
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Advanced>IP Filters
The IP filters page allows you to specify Normal Port Forwards, Block ALL traffic to specific LAN Clients or specify Custom IP filters that will control the flow of data across the router.
Custom IP Filters (often also referred to as ‘Access Control Lists’ ) allow you to specify individual rules that will deny traffic by defining the following:
• Source IP address or IP Subnet
• Destination IP address or Subnet
• Port or Port range
• Protocol
Custom IP filters are different from Port forwards, or Block All traffic because they allow greater scopes of IP addresses to be included in the block.
Note: You must have at least one LAN Client in your LAN clients table before IP filters can be created. To create a LAN Client, see the section below on LAN
Clients under the Advanced Menu.
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Advanced>LAN Clients
LAN Client names are a way of applying specific Port-forwarding and Access Control rules to individual computers on the LAN. If DHCP is used, all DHCP clients are automatically assigned and are designated as a LAN client.
To add a LAN client, click Advanced>LAN Clients.
Option
Select LAN Group:
Enter IP Address:
Hostname:
MAC Address:
Apply:
Description
Select the LAN group you would like to add a LAN client to.
Enter the IP address of the LAN client to be added.
Enter the Hostname.
Enter the MAC address of the new client. To find out the MAC address of the client, open a command prompt and execute an ipconfig/all command (Windows 2000/XP). Note, it is optional to add the MAC address of the device. The format to add the MAC address is xx:xx: xx:xx:xx:xx.
Click Apply to save the changes.
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Advanced>Bridge Filters
Bridge filtering enables rules to be defined which allow or deny data to pass through the Router based on the source and destination Bridge address and data type of each data frame.
To access Bridge Filters Control, click on Advanced>Bridge Filters.
Usage examples of Bridge Filter Rules are: to specify which computers on a network are allowed Internet access; or to determine which particular computers are allowed to access services provided by the Router (the last point is particularly relevant for routers serving Wireless Networks as it can be used to prevent unauthorised people from attaching themselves to a wireless LAN).
Enable/Disable Bridge Filtering
To enable Bridge filtering, navigate to the Bridge Filter Control Screen and select the
Enable Bridge Filters check box.
If the check box is selected, Bridge filtering is enabled according to the list of Bridge
Filter Rules that has been created.
If the box is de-selected, Bridge Filtering will not be enabled, even if Bridge Filter
Rules have been created.
Create Bridge Filter Rules
Enter the Source Bridge and Destination Bridge details. Entering zeros or blanks into the Source or Destination fields enters a null value.
‘Protocol’ provides the choice of protocol type for the rule.
‘Mode’ provides the choice of Allow or Deny for the rule.
When all selections are made, click on Add to add the rule to the list of rules. A maximum of 20 Bridge Filter Rules can be defined and saved.
To save changes, click on Apply.
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Edit or Delete Bridge Filter Rules
To edit an existing Bridge Filter Rule, click the radio button adjacent to the Filter
Rule name. The Rule will then appear in the top half of the Bridge Filter control screen where it can be edited. When editing is complete, click ‘Add’ to return the
Rule to the list of existing rules.
To delete Bridge Filter Rules, click on the ‘Delete’ tick box; multiple deletions can be made by shift-clicking Delete tick boxes; Select All will select every rule. When the desired selections are made, effect deletion by clicking on Apply.
To save changes, click on Apply.
Hidden Bridge Filter Rules
The Bridge filter table contains three hidden rules. These rules are built into the
Router to ensure the user does not become locked out by entering a rule which prevents further access to the router.
The first rule allows any and all ARP frames through the system.
The second rule allows all IPv4 frames with the destination Bridge address of the bridge to go through.
The third rule allows all IPv4 frames with the source MAC address of the bridge to go through.
TIP: To find the MAC address of a Windows-based computer, at the DOS prompt type: ipconfig /all.
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Advanced>Multicast
IGMP [=Internet Group Management Protocol] Multicast enables communication between a single sender and multiple receivers on a network. It is used when data needs to be sent from one to many devices. Typical uses might include the updating of mobile personnel from a home office or the periodic publishing of an online newsletter. Multicasting provides efficiencies which enable it to use less network bandwidth than the sending of the same data by other means [e.g. SMTP].
To access Multicasting, click on Advanced>Multicast.
To enable Multicast, open the multicast screen and select the Enable IGMP Multicast.
If you have multiple connections setup on your modem you will be able to choose which connection to enable IGMP Multicast for.
Click the Apply button to save the settings.
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Advanced>Static Routing
If the Router is required to serve more than one network, you will need to set up a
Static Route between the networks. Static routing can be used to allow users from one IP domain to access the Internet through the Router in another domain. A
Static Route provides the defined pathway that network information must travel to reach the specific host or network which is providing Internet access .
To access the Static Routing controls, click on Advanced> Static Routing.
Configuring Static Routing:
Choose a Connection: presents list of Saved Connections. Select appropriate connection from list.
The New Destination IP is the address of the remote LAN network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the IP address of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. For a standard Class C IP domain, the network address is the first three fields of the New Destination IP, while the last field should be 0. The Subnet Mask identifies which portion of an IP address is the network portion, and which portion is the host portion. For a full Class C Subnet, the Subnet
Mask is 255.255.255.0. The Gateway IP address should be the IP address of the gateway device that allows for contact between the Gateway and the remote network or host.
Gateway: IP address refers to the IP address of the near device that is to connect with the remote network or host. If the Modem is fulfilling this function then its IP address will be entered in this field.
To save changes, click on Apply.
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Advanced>Dynamic Routing
Dynamic Routing makes use of the RIP Protocol to allow the ADSL Router to automatically adjust to physical changes in the network. The NB1, using the RIP protocol, will determine the network packet route based on the least number of hops between the Source and the Destination. The RIP protocol regularly broadcasts routing information to other Routers on the network and is part of the IP Suite.
To access Dynamic Routing click Advanced>Dynamic Routing.
Option
Enable RIP:
Protocol:
Enable Password:
Direction:
Select ‘In’:
Select ‘Out’:
Select ‘Both’:
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Description
If this box is checked, Dynamic Routing is enabled.
Choice is dependent upon the network environment. Most networks support Rip v1. If RIP v1 is selected, routing data will be sent in RIP v1 format. If Rip V2 is selected, routing data will be sent in RIP v2 format using Subnet Broadcasting. If
Rip V1 Compatible is selected, routing data will be sent in RIP v2 format using
Multicasting.
Enable to password protect the Dynamic
Routing settings.
Determines the direction that RIP routes will be updated.
The NB1 will only incorporate received
RIP information.
The NB1 will only send out RIP information.
The NB1 will both incorporate received
RIP information and send out updated
RIP information.
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Advanced>Access Control
Use Access Control to configure advanced security functions by customising the
Modem Firewall. The default ‘Firewall On’ setting blocks all anonymous Internet traffic. Access control enables the user to selectively direct such traffic, for example to a Web Host in the DMZ or to specific ports opened for such applications as Web,
Telnet or FTP.
CAUTION: This dialog box indicates that you should not disable LAN Web Access or else you might not be able to connect to the device. If you become locked out of the device perform a Restore Factory Default as detailed earlier in this manual.
To configure Access Control, click on Advanced>Access Control. This will reveal the
Enable Access Control screen. The default configuration enables Telnet, Web, FTP and SSH access FROM the LAN TO the WAN. Access FROM the WAN to the LAN is not available in the default configuration.
Enable Access Control: check this box to enable selective access from the WAN to your LAN for applications of the class indicated by the relevant check boxes. If Access Control is not enabled, the individual check boxes cannot be checked.
If Access Control is enabled, and an Enable WAN checkbox is selected, then WAN access to the matching service is enabled. In other words, for example, if your were to enable Telnet access on the WAN you could then manage and configure your modem from anywhere on the Internet via Telnet.
Caution: Enabling WAN access to your modem reduces security.
IP Access List: This enables you to specify which LAN/WAN IP addresses are allowed access to the modem configuration services specified.
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Tools
The Tools section allows you to save the configuration, restart the gateway, update the gateway firmware, setup user and remote log information and run Ping and
Modem tests.
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Tools>System Commands
System commands allow you to carry out basic system actions. Press the button to execute a command. Here you will find the following functions:
• Save
•
Restart
• Restore Defaults (same as pressing and holding the button on the back to clear and reset to factory default.
Note: If you Restore Defaults you will need to reconfigure your internet connection settings, ISP Username & Password etc.
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Tools>User Management
User Management is used to change your NB1’s User Name or Password.
Option
User Name:
Password:
Idle Timeout:
Description
Default is ‘admin’.
Default is ‘admin’.
If there is no activity by the admin user logged into the modem for the number of minutes specified in this field, the user will be required to login again.
Apply: Click Apply to save the changes.
WARNING: It is strongly recommended that you change the default username and password to something unique.
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Tools>Update Firmware
To update your NB1’s firmware, browse an update image file or configuration file and then click the Update Gateway button.
Additionally, you may download your configuration file from the system by clicking
“Get Configuration” so that you can store a backup of your configuration to restore it at a later date.
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Tools>Ping Test
The Ping test allows you to ping local and remote IP addresses to check for connectivity directly from the NB1 to the Internet or to a computer on your Network. You must make certain that the IP address that you ping will actually respond to a ping before interpreting the results of the ping.
Note: Computers and Network devices can be configured to communicate even though they do not respond to a ping, this can sometimes be done for security.
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Tools>Modem Test
This test can be used to check whether your Modem is properly connected to the
Network. This test may take a few seconds to complete. To perform the test, select your connection from the list and press the Test button.
Note: Errors or failures on this test do not specifically mean your connection is faulty, only your ISP can tell you if these tests should pass or fail.
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Tools>Log out
By clicking on Log Out, you will log out of the N1. Click the Log Out button will take you back to the login screen.
Use the following procedures to log out.
1. Select Log Out from the left-hand column. You will be prompted to confirm in the screen shown above.
2. Confirm by clicking the Log Out button at the bottom-right corner. You will be taken back to the login screen (cross-reference).
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Status
The Status section allows you to view the Status/Statistics of different connections and interfaces.
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Status>Network Statistics
You can view data statistics for your Ethernet ports combined or for your ADSL port in these pages.
Note: The statistics will be reset on loss of power or Reboot/Reset.
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Status>Connection Status
Here you can view the connection status of your Internet connection (usually ‘PP-
PoE’). You can also see the Public IP address that has been assigned to your modem as well as other information about the connection.
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Status>DHCP Clients
The DHCP Clients page shows the MAC address, IP Address, Host Name and Lease
Time assigned to other computers in your network by the modem.
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Status>Modem Status
The Modem Status page shows the modem status and DSL statistics.
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Status>Product Information
The Product Information page shows the product information and software versions.
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Status>System Log
The System Log page shows the events triggered by the system.
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EasyConfig
The EasyConfig menu takes you to the EasyConfig page. This is the page you originally configured your modem with.
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Help
This menu provides information on various features of your modem. Click the hyperlinks to access the information.
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Appendix A: Specification
ADSL/ATM SUPPORT
• ANSI T1.413 issue 2
• ITU-T G.992.1 (G.dmt) and G.992.2 (G.lite) compliant
• Rate Adaptive modem at 32 Kbps steps
• Dynamic Adaptive Equalisation to improve Carrier’s service area
• Bridge Tap Mitigation support
• Turbo DSL support improving packet throughout performance by 3 times
• ATM Layer with Traffic shaping QoS Support (UBR, CBR, VBR-rt, VBR-nrt)
• AAL ATM Attributes - AAL5
• Multiple PVC up to 8 support
• Spectral compatibility with POTS
• F5 OAM Loopbacks/Send and Receive
ENCAPSULATION SUPPORT
• RFC2684 Bridged and Routed LLC and VC Mux Support
• RFC2364 PPPoA Client Support
• RFC2516 PPPoE Client Support
• RFC2225/RFC1577 Classical IP Support
• Transparent Bridge Support
• PAP/CHAP/MS-CHAP for Password Authentication Support
NETWORK SUPPORT
• Port Forwarding rules for Popular Games/Applications
• Static IP, Dynamic RIP Routing Support
• IP/TCP/UDP/ICMP/ARP/RARP Application Support
• Network Address Translation (NAT)
• SNTP
• NAT Application Level Gateway for Popular Applications
• Single session IP Sec and PPTP/L2TP VPN pass-through support
• PPP Always on with configurable timeout
VoIP
• SIP version 1 & 2, H.323, MGCP
• QoS support for voice packets
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SECURITY
• NAT for Basic Firewall and sharing
• Packet Filtering Firewall Support
• Stateful Packet Inspection Support
• Protection against Denial of Service attacks
• Password Authentication to Modem
MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
• Web-based HTTP management GUI (LAN or Remote)
• TFTP/FTP Support For Firmware Upgrade
• Web-based Firmware Upgrade (Local)
• Soft Factory Reset Button via Web GUI
• Diagnostic Test (DSL, OAM, Network, Ping Test)
• Telnet/CLI (Read Only)
• SNMP
HARDWARE
• Texas Instrument TNETD7300 Single Chip Network Processor/AFE/Line Driver
Chipset
• A-Tick approval N367
PLATFORM SUPPORT
• For Ethernet – OS Independent: includes Windows®, Mac, Linux and UNIX
LED INDICATORS
• 1 x PPP LED
• 1 x Power LED
• 1 x ADSL Link Status LED
• 1 x Ethernet Link/Activity Status LED
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Appendix B: Cable Connections
This cable information is provided for your reference only. Please ensure you only connect the appropriate cable into the correct socket on either this product or your computer.
If you are unsure about which cable to use or which socket to connect it to, please refer to the hardware installation section in this manual. If you are still not sure about cable connections, please contact a professional computer technician or Net-
Comm for further advice.
RJ-45 Network Ports
RJ-45 Network Ports can connect any networking devices that use a standard LAN interface, such as a Hub/Switch Hub or Router. Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shield twisted-pair (STP) cable to connect the networking device to the RJ-45
Ethernet port. Depending on the type of connection, 10Mbps or 100Mbps, use the following Ethernet cable, as prescribed.
10Mbps: Use EIA/TIA-568-100-Category 3, 4 or 5 cable.
100Mbps: Use EIA/TIA-568-100-Category 5 cable.
Note: To prevent loss of signal, make sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 metres.
RJ-45 Connector
Pin Assignment Normal Assignment
1
2
3
6
4,5,7,8
Input Receive Data +
Input Receive Data -
Output Transmit Data +
Output Transmit Data -
Not used
Figure 1
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the use of straight-through and crossover twisted pair cables along with the connector.
RJ-45 plug attached to cable
Figure 2
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Straight and crossover cable configuration
There are two types of the wiring: Straight-Through Cables and Crossover Cables.
Category 5 UTP/STP cable has eight wires inside the sheath. The wires form four pairs. Straight-Through Cables has same pinouts at both ends while Crossover Cables has a different pin arrangement at each end.
In a straight-through cable, wires 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 at one end of the cable are still wires 1~8 at the other end. In a crossover cable, the wires of 1,2,3,6 are reversed so that wire 1 become 3 at the other end of the cable, 2 becomes 6, and so forth.
To determine which wire is wire 1, hold the RJ-45 cable tip with the spring clip facing towards the ground and the end pointing away from you. The copper wires exposed upwards to your view. The first wire on the far left is wire 1. You can also refer to the illustrations and charts of the internal wiring on the following page.
Straight-Through Cabling
Figure 3
Cross-Over Cabling
Figure 4
Note: To prevent loss of signal, make sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 metres.
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RJ11 connector and cable
An RJ-11 connector is the small, modular plug used for most analog telephones. It has six pin slots in the head, but usually only two or four of them are used.
RJ-11 Connector
Pin Assignment Normal Assignment
3 Line
4 Line
Figure 5
605 to RJ-11 adapter
The 605 to RJ-11 adaptor is provided to comply with the older
610 Telstra wall socket. The 605 to RJ-11 adapter may be used to convert the supplied RJ-11 cable, if the older connection is required.
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Appendix C: Glossary
10BASE-T
100BASE-T
ADSL
analog
ATM
authenticate
binary
bit
bps
bridging
broadband
Broadcast
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A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 10 Mbps. Also known as
Category 3 (CAT 3) wiring. See also data rate, Ethernet.
A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 100 Mbps. Also known as
Category 5 (CAT 5) wiring. See also data rate, Ethernet.
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. The most commonly deployed type of DSL for home users. The term asymmetrical refers to its unequal data rates for downloading and uploading (the download rate is higher than the upload rate). The asymmetri cal rates benefit home users because they typically download much more data from the Internet than they upload.
Of data, having a form is analogous to the data’s original waveform. The voice component in DSL is an analog signal. See also digital.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode A standard for high-speed transmission of data, text, voice, and video, widely used within the Internet. ATM data rates range from 45 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps. See also data rate.
To verify a user’s identity, such as by prompting for a password.
The “base two” system of numbers, that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all numbers. In binary, the number 1 is written as 1, 2 as 10, 3 as 11, 4 as 100, etc.
Although expressed as decimal numbers for convenience,
IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers; e.g., the
IP address 209.191.4.240 is 11010001.10111111.000001
00.11110000 in binary. See also bit, IP address, network mask.
Short for “binary digit,” a bit is a number that can have two values, 0 or 1. See also binary.
bits per second
Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the hardware addresses of the devices at each location. Bridging contrasts with routing, which can add more intelligence to data transfers by using network addresses instead. The My ADSL Modem can perform both routing and bridging. Typically, when both functions are enabled, the device routes IP data and bridges all other types of data. See also routing.
A telecommunications technology that can send different types of data over the same medium. DSL is a broadband technology.
To send data to all computers on a network.
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CO
DHCP
DHCP relay
DHCP server
digital
DNS
domain name
download
DSL
Ethernet
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Central Office A circuit switch that terminates all the local access lines in a particular geographic serving area; a physical building where the local switching equipment is found. xDSL lines running from a subscriber’s home connect at their serving central office.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP automates address assignment and management. When a computer connects to the LAN, DHCP assigns it an IP address from a shared pool of IP addresses; after a specified time limit,
DHCP returns the address to the pool.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay. A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns the addresses. Each of the My ADSL Modem’s interfaces can be configured as a DHCP relay. See DHCP.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server. A DHCP server is a computer that is responsible for assigning IP addresses to the computers on a LAN. See DHCP.
Of data, having a form based on discrete values expressed as binary numbers (0’s and 1’s). The data component in DSL is a digital signal. See also analog.
Domain Name System. The DNS maps domain names into IP addresses. DNS information is distributed hierarchically throughout the Internet among computers called
DNS servers. When you start to access a web site, a DNS server looks up the requested domain name to find its corresponding IP address. If the DNS server cannot find the IP address, it communicates with higher-level DNS servers to determine the IP address. See also domain name.
A domain name is a user-friendly name used in place of its associated IP address. For example, www.globespan.
net is the domain name associated with IP address
209.191.4.240. Domain names must be unique; their assignment is controlled by the Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Domain names are a key element of URLs, which identify a specific file at a web site, e.g., http://www.globespan.net/index.html.
See also DNS.
To transfer data in the downstream direction, i.e., from the Internet to the user.
Digital Subscriber Line A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to travel over existing copper telephone lines.
The most commonly installed computer network technology, usually using twisted pair wiring. Ethernet data rates are 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps. See also BASE-T,100BASE-T, twisted pair.
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Filtering
filtering rule
Firewall
FTP
GGP
Gbps
GRE
hop
hop count
host
HTTP
ICMP
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To screen out selected types of data, based on filtering rules. Filtering can be applied in one direction (upstream or down stream), or in both directions.
A rule that specifies what kinds of data a routing device will accept and/or reject. Filtering rules are defined to operate on an interface (or multiple interfaces) and in a particular direction (upstream, downstream, or both).
Any method of protecting a computer or LAN connected to the Internet from intrusion or attack from the outside.
Some firewall protection can be provided by packet filtering and Network Address Translation services.
File Transfer Protocol - A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet. Common uses include uploading new or updated files to a web server, and downloading files from a web server.
Gateway to Gateway Protocol. An Internet protocol that specifies how gateway routers communicate with each other.
Abbreviation for Gigabits (GIG-uh-bits) per second, or one billion bits per second. Internet data rates are often expressed in Gbps.
Generic Routing Encapsulation. TCP/IP protocol suite, transport layer encapsulation protocol.
When you send data through the Internet, it is sent first from your computer to a router, and then from one router to another until it finally reaches a router that is directly connected to the recipient. Each individual “leg” of the data’s journey is called a hop.
The number of hops that data has taken on its route to its destination. Alternatively, the maximum number of hops that a packet is allowed to take before being discarded ,
See also TTL.
A device (usually a computer) connected to a network.
Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol HTTP is the main protocol used to transfer data from web sites so that it can be displayed by web browsers. See also web browser
Internet Control Message Protocol An Internet protocol used to report errors and other network-related information. The ping command makes use of ICMP.
that enables a computer to share information about its membership in multicast groups with adjacent routers.
A multicast group of computers is one whose members have designated as interested in receiving specific content from the others. Multicasting to an IGMP group can be used to simultaneously update the address books of a group of mobile computer users or to send company newsletters to a distribution list.
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Internet
intranet
IP
IP address
ISP
LAN
LED
MAC address
Mbps
Microfilter
NAT
NAT rule
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The global collection of interconnected networks used for both private and business communications.
A private, company-internal network that looks like part of the Internet (users access information using web browsers), but is accessible only by employees.
See TCP/IP.
Internet Protocol address The address of a host (computer) on the Internet, consisting of four numbers, each from 0 to 255, separated by periods, e.g., 209.191.4.240.
An IP address consists of a network ID that identifies the particular network the host belongs to, and a host
ID uniquely identifying the host itself on that network. A network mask is used to define the network ID and the host ID. Because IP addresses are difficult to remember, they usually have an associated domain name that can be specified instead. See also domain name, network mask.
Internet Service Provider A company that provides Internet access to its customers, usually for a fee.
Local Area Network A network limited to a small geographic area, such as a home, office, or small building.
Light Emitting Diode An electronic light-emitting device.
The indicator lights on the front of the My ADSL Modem are LEDs.
Media Access Control address The permanent hardware address of a device, assigned by its manufacturer. MAC addresses are expressed as six pairs of characters.
Abbreviation for Megabits per second, or one million bits per second. Network data rates are often expressed in
Mbps.
In splitterless deployments, a microfilter is a device that removes the data frequencies in the DSL signal, so that telephone users do not experience interference (noise) from the data signals. Microfilter types include in-line (installs between phone and jack) and wall-mount (telephone jack with built-in microfilter). See also splitterless.
Network Address Translation A service performed by many routers that translates your network’s publicly known IP address into a Private IP address for each computer on your LAN. Only your router and your LAN know these addresses; the outside world sees only the public IP address when talking to a computer on your LAN.
A defined method for translating between public and private IP addresses on your LAN.
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NIC
packet
ping
port
POTS
PPP
PPPoA
PPPoE
protocol
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network
network mask
A group of computers that are connected together, allowing them to communicate with each other and share resources, such as software, files, etc.A network can be small, such as a LAN, or very large, such as the Internet.
A network mask is a sequence of bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host
ID. Bits set to 1 mean “select this bit” while bits set to 0 mean “ignore this bit.” For example, if the network mask
255.255.255.0 is applied to the IP address 100.10.50.1, the network ID is 100.10.50, and the host ID is 1. See also binary, IP address, subnet
Network Interface Card An adapter card that plugs into your computer and provides the physical interface to your network cabling, which for Ethernet NICs is typically an
RJ-45 connector. See Ethernet, RJ-45.
Data transmitted on a network consists of units called packets. Each packet contains a payload (the data), plus overhead information such as where it came from (source address) and where it should go (destination address).
Packet Internet (or Inter-Network) Groper A program used to verify whether the host associated with an IP address is online. It can also be used to reveal the IP address for a given domain name.
A physical access point to a device such as a computer or router, through which data flows into and out of the device.
Plain Old Telephone Service Traditional analog telephone service using copper telephone lines. Pronounced pots.
See also PSTN.
Point-to-Point Protocol A protocol for serial data transmission that is used to carry IP (and other protocol) data between your ISP and your computer. The WAN interface on the My ADSL Modem uses two forms of PPP called PP-
PoA and PPPoE. See also PPPoA, PPPoE.
Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM One of the two types of
PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit (VC), the other type being PPPoE. You can define only one PP-
PoA interface per VC.
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit
(VC),the other type being PPPoA. You can define one or more PPPoE interfaces per VC.
A set of rules governing the transmission of data. In order for a data transmission to work, both ends of the connection have to follow the rules of the protocol.
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remote
RIP
RJ-11
RJ-45
routing
rule
SDNS
splitter
splitterless
subnet
subnet mask
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In a physically separate location. For example, an employee away on travel who logs in to the company’s intranet is a remote user.
Routing Information Protocol The original TCP/IP routing protocol. There are two versions of RIP: version and version II.
Registered Jack Standard-11 The standard plug used to connect telephones, fax machines, modems, etc. to a telephone jack. It is a 6-pin connector usually containing four wires.
Registered Jack Standard-45 The 8-pin plug used in transmitting data over phone lines. Ethernet cabling usually uses this type of connector.
Forwarding data between your network and the Internet on the most efficient route, based on the data’s destination IP address and current network conditions. A device that performs routing is called a router.
See filtering rule, NAT rule.
Secondary Domain Name System (server) A DNS server that can be used if the primary DSN server is not available. See DNS.
col used for network management.
A device that splits off the voice component of the DSL signal to a separate line, so that data and telephone service each have their own wiring and jacks. The splitter is installed by your telephone company where the DSL line enters your home. The CO also contains splitters that separate the voice and data signals, sending voice to the
PSTN and data on high-speed lines to the Internet. See also CO, PSTN, splitterless, microfilter.
A type of DSL installation where no splitter is installed, saving the cost of a service call by the telephone company. Instead, each jack in the home carries both voice and data, requiring a microfilter for each telephone to prevent interference from the data signal. ADSL is usually splitterless; if you are unsure if your installation has a splitter, ask your DSL provider. See also splitter, microfilter.
A subnet is a portion of a network. The subnet is distinguished from the larger network by a subnet mask which selects some of the computers of the network and excludes all others. The subnet’s computers remain physically connected to the rest of the parent network, but they are treated as though they were on a separate network. See also network mask.
A mask that defines a subnet. See also network mask.
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upstream
USB
VC
VCI
VPI
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TCP/IP
Telnet
TFTP
TTL
twisted pair
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol The basic protocols used on the Internet. TCP is responsible for dividing data up into packets for delivery and reassembling them at the destination, while IP is responsible for delivering the packets from source to destination. When TCP and IP are bundled with higher-level applications such as
HTTP, FTP, Telnet, etc., TCP/IP refers to this whole suite of protocols.
An interactive, character-based program used to access a remote computer. While HTTP (the web protocol) and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer,
Telnet allows you to log into and use a computer from a remote location.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A protocol for file transfers,
TFTP is easier to use than File Transfer Protocol (FTP) but not as capable or secure.
Time To Live A field in an IP packet that limits the life span of that packet. Originally meant as a time duration, the TTL is usually represented instead as a maximum hop count; each router that receives a packet decrements this field by one. When the TTL reaches zero, the packet is discarded.
The ordinary copper telephone wiring long used by telephone companies. It contains one or more wire pairs twisted together to reduce inductance and noise. Each telephone line uses one pair. In homes, it is most often installed with two pairs. For Ethernet LANs, a higher grade called Category 3 (CAT 3) is used for 10BASE-
T networks, and an even higher grade called Category
5 (CAT 5) is used for 100BASE-T networks. See also
10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, Ethernet.
The direction of data transmission from the user to the
Internet.
Universal Serial Bus A serial interface that lets you connect devices such as printers, scanners, etc. to your computer by simply plugging them in. The My ADSL Modem is equipped with a USB interface for connecting to a standalone PC.
Virtual Circuit A connection from your ADSL router to your
ISP.
Virtual Circuit Identifier Together with the Virtual Path
Identifier (VPI), the VCI uniquely identifies a VC. Your
ISP will tell you the VCI for each VC they provide. See also VC.
Virtual Path Identifier Together with the Virtual Circuit
Identifier (VCI), the VPI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VPI for each VC they provide. See also
VC.
YML780 Rev1 www.netcomm.com.au
WAN
Web browser
Web page
Web site
WWW
Wide Area Network Any network spread over a large geographical area, such as a country or continent. With respect to the My ADSL Modem, WAN refers to the Internet.
A software program that uses Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to download information from (and upload to) web sites, and displays the information, which may consist of text, graphic images, audio, or video, to the user.
Web browsers use Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
Popular web browsers include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. See also HTTP, web site, WWW.
A web site file typically containing text, graphics and hyperlinks (cross-references) to the other pages on that web site, as well as to pages on other web sites. When a user accesses a web site, the first page that is displayed is called the Home page. See also hyperlink, web site.
A computer on the Internet that distributes information to (and gets information from) remote users through web browsers. A web site typically consists of web pages that contain text, graphics, and hyperlinks. See also hyperlink, web page.
World Wide Web Also called (the) Web. Collective term for all web sites anywhere in the world that can be accessed via the Internet.
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Appendix D: Registering your NetComm Product
All NetComm Limited (“NetComm”) products have a standard 12 month warranty from date of purchase against defects in manufacturing and that the products will operate in accordance with the specifications outlined in the User Guide. However some products have an extended warranty option (please refer to packaging). To be eligible for the extended warranty you must supply the requested warranty information to NetComm within 30 days of the original purchase by registering on-line via the NetComm web site at:
www.netcomm.com.au
Contact Information
If you have any technical difficulties with your product, please do not hesitate to contact NetComm’s Customer Support Department.
Email:
Fax: [email protected]
(+612) 9424-2010
Note: NetComm Technical Support for this product only covers the basic installation and features outlined in the Quick Start Guide. For further information regarding the advanced features of this product, please refer to the configuring sections in this User Guide or contact a Network Specialist.
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Appendix E: Legal & Regulatory Information
This manual is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, by any means, be it electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
NetComm Limited. NetComm Limited accepts no liability or responsibility, for consequences arising from the use of this product.
NetComm Limited reserves the right to change the specifications and operating details of this product without notice.
NetComm is a registered trademark of NetComm Limited.
All other trademarks are acknowledged the property of their respective owners.
Customer Information
ACA (Australian Communications Authority) requires you to be aware of the following information and warnings:
(1) This unit shall be connected to the Telecommunication Network through a line cord which meets the requirements of the ACA TS008 Standard.
(2) This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the Standards for C-Tick and or A-Tick as set by the ACA . These standards are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio noise and, if not installed and used in accordance with the in structions detailed within this manual, may cause interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur with the installation of this product in your home or office. If this equipment does cause some degree of interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, we encourage the user to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Change the direction or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between this equipment and the receiver.
• Connect the equipment to an alternate power outlet on a different power circuit from that to which the receiver/
TV is connected.
• Consult an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
(3) The power supply that is provided with this unit is only intended for use with this product. Do not use this power supply with any other product or do not use any other power supply that is not approved for use with this product by NetComm. Failure to do so may cause damage to this product, fire or result in personal injury.
Product Warranty
The warranty is granted on the following conditions:
1. This warranty extends to the original purchaser (you) and is not transferable;
2. This warranty shall not apply to software programs, batteries, power supplies, cables or other accessories supplied in or with the product;
3. The customer complies with all of the terms of any relevant agreement with NetComm and any other reasonable requirements of NetComm including producing such evidence of purchase as NetComm may require;
4. The cost of transporting product to and from NetComm’s nominated premises is your re spon si bility; and,
5. NetComm does not have any liability or responsibility under this warranty where any cost, loss, injury or damage of any kind, whether direct, indirect, consequential, incidental or otherwise arises out of events beyond
NetComm’s reasonable control. This includes but is not limited to: acts of God, war, riot, embargoes, acts of civil or military authorities, fire, floods, electricity outages, lightning, power surges, or shortages of materials or labour.
6. The customer is responsible for the security of their computer and network at all times. Security features may be disabled within the factory default settings. NetComm recommends that you enable these features to enhance your security.
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The warranty is automatically voided if:
1. You, or someone else, use the product, or attempts to use it, other than as specified by Net Comm;
2. The fault or defect in your product is the result of a voltage surge subjected to the product either by the way of power supply or communication line, whether caused by thunderstorm activity or any other cause(s);
3. The fault is the result of accidental damage or damage in transit, including but not limited to liquid spillage;
4. Your product has been used for any purposes other than that for which it is sold, or in any way other than in strict accordance with the user manual supplied;
5. Your product has been repaired or modified or attempted to be repaired or modified, other than by a qualified person at a service centre authorised by NetComm; and,
6. The serial number has been defaced or altered in any way or if the serial number plate has been removed.
Limitations of Warranty
The Trade Practices Act 1974 and corresponding State and Territory Fair Trading Acts or legalisation of another
Government (“the relevant acts”) in certain circumstances imply mandatory conditions and warranties which cannot be excluded. This warranty is in addition to and not in replacement for such conditions and warranties.
To the extent permitted by the Relevant Acts, in relation to your product and any other materials provided with the product (“the Goods”) the liability of NetComm under the Relevant Acts is limited at the option of NetComm to:
Replacement of the Goods; or
Repair of the Goods; or
Payment of the cost of replacing the Goods; or
Payment of the cost of having the Goods repaired.
All NetComm ACN 002 490 486 products have a standard 12 months warranty from date of purchase. However some products have an extended warranty option (refer to packaging). To be eligible for the extended warranty you must supply the requested warranty information to NetComm within 30 days of the original purchase by registering on-line via the NetComm web site at www.netcomm.com.au.
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Key features
High-speed ADSL2+ support
Active firewall with VPN pass-through
Versatile connection options (single PC or multiple via switch)
EasyConfig for simplified setup
Quality of Service (QoS) for priority control
Frequently asked questions
If your ADSL-enabled phone line is used with other equipment (phones, answering machines, fax machines), you'll need one microfilter per device. Check with your provider if unsure.
Hold the reset button for ten seconds while the modem is powered on. Wait for the indicator lights to return to steady green (about 45 seconds).
The default username and password are both 'admin'.
The default static IP address is 192.168.1.1, subnet mask 255.255.255.0.
Use the EasyConfig page accessible via the web interface (http://192.168.1.1) and enter your ISP-provided username, password, VPI, and VCI.