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HP

75000 SERIES C

21 MHz Synthesized

Generator

HP E1440A

User's Manual

SERIAL NUMBERS

This manual applies to all instruments.

Fa

HEWLETT

PACKARD

HP Part No.

E1440-95011

Printed

in

the Federal Republic of Germany, April 1992

Second Edition

E0492

Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

Notices

Subject Matter

The information contained in this document is subject t o change without notice. HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) MAKES NO

WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD T O THIS

MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. HP shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this material.

Hewlett-Packard Company assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished by HP.

Restricted Rights

Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (b)(3)(ii) of the Rights in

Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 52.227-7013.

Hewlett-Packard Company; 3000 Hanover Street; Palo Alto,

California 94304

Front Cover Photograph

The instrument photograph on the front cover shows the HP E1440A

--.-

This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved.

No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated t o another language without the prior written consent of

Hewlett Packard GmbH.

@

Copyright 1992 by Hewlett-PaLkard GmbH

Herrenberger Str. 130, D-7030 Boeblingen

Federal Republic of Germany


-

Printing History

The Printing History shown below lists

all

Editions and Updates of this manual and the printing date(s). The first printing of the manual is Edition 1.

The Edition number increments by 1 whenever the manual is revised.

Updates, which are issued between Editions, contain replacement pages to correct the current Edition of the manual. Updates are numbered sequentially starting with Update 1. When a new Edition is created, it contains all the Update information for the previous

Edition. Each new Edition or Update also includes a revised copy of this printing history page. Many product updates or revisions do not require manual changes and, conversely, manual corrections may be done without accompanying product changes. Therefore, do not expect a one-to-one correspondence between product updates and manual updates.

Control Serial Number: Edition 2 applies directly to all instruments.

Printing History

Edition Date Part Number CODE

Edition

1

May

1990 E1440-90011 E0590

Edition

2

April 1992 E1440-90011 E0492

This product has been designed and tested according to International

Safety Requirements. To ensure safe operation, and to keep the product safe, heed the symbols, warnings and cautions contained in this section.

Operational Safety

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this product. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the product. Hewlett-Packard Company assumes no liability for the customer's failure t o comply with these requirements.

DO NOT operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.

Keep away from live circuits: Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers or shields. Procedures involving the removal of covers or shields are for use by service-trained personnel only. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with the equipment switched off.

To avoid dangerous electrical shock, DO NOT perform procedures involving cover or shield removal unless you are qualified to do so.


DO NOT

operate damaged equipment: Whenever it is possible that the safety protection features built into this product have been impaired, either through physical damage, excessive moisture, or any other reason, REMOVE POWER and do not use the product until safe operation can be verified by service-trained personnel.

If

necessary, return the product to a Hewlett-Packard Sales and

Service Office for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.

DO NOT service or adjust alone: Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation, is present.

DO NOT substitute parts or modify equipment: Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the product.

Return the product to a Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.

Safety Symbols

A

The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user t o refer t o the instruction manual in order to protect the apparatus against damage.

Indicates dangerous voltages.

I

-

Earth terminal.

Protective earth.

Warning

A

ATTENTION

Static Sensltlve

Affixed to a product containing static sensitive devices

- use anti-static handling procedures to prevent electrostatic discharge damage t o components.

The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a

@

procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Caution

1)

The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention t o an operating procedure, practice or the Like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or

all

of the equipment. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.


Warranty

This Hewlett-Packard product is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. Duration and conditions of warranty for this product may be superseded when the product is integrated into (becomes a part of) other HP products. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard

Company will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Hewlett-Packard (HP). Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to

HP

and

HP

shall pay shipping charges to return the product t o Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned t o HP from another country.

HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with a product will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that product. HP does not warrant that the operation of the product, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free.

Limitation of

Warranty

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied products or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

The design and implementation of any circuit on this product is the sole responsibility of the Buyer. HP does not warrant the Buyer's circuitry or malfunctions of HP products that result from the Buyer's circuitry. In addition, HP does not warrant any damage that occurs as a result of the Buyer's circuit or any defects that result from

Buyer-supplied products.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HP

SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE.

Exclusive Remedies

The remedies provided herein are Buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.


Assistance

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard products. For any assistance contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service

Office. Addresses are provided at the back of this manual.

Radio Frequency

(Federal Republic of Germany only)

Interference Statement

Herste]lerbescheinigUng

Deutsche Bundespost

Hiermit wird bescheinigt, dass dieses Geraet/System HP E1440A, betrieben im HP 75000 Series

C

System in Uebereinstimmung mit den Bestimmungen von Postverfuegung 1046 184 funkentstoert ist

.

Der Deutschen Bundespost wurde das Inverkehrbringen dieses

Geraetes/Systems angezeigt und die Berechtigung zur Ueberpruefung der Serie auf Einhalt ung der Bestimmungen eingeraeumt

.

Zusatzinformation fuer Mess- und Testgeraete:

Werden Mess- und Testgeraete mit ungeschirmten Kabeln und/oder in offenen Messaufbauten verwendet, so ist vom Betreiber sicherzustellen, dass die Funk-Ent st oerbestimmungen unt er

Betriebsbedingungen an seiner Grundstuecksgrenze eingehalten werden.

Manufacturer's

Declaration

This is to certify that the equipment HP E1440A meets the radio frequency interference requirements of Directive FTZ 1046184, when used in the

HP

75000 Series

C

System. The German Bundespost has been notified that this equipment was put into circulation and has been granted the right t o check the product type for compliance with these requirements.

Additional Information for Test and Measurement Equipment:

If test and measurement equipment is operated with unscreened cables and/or used for measurements on open set-ups, the user has to assure that under operating conditions the Radio Interference Limits are still met at the border of the user's premises.

Certification

Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory.

Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards), to the extent allowed by that organization's calibration facility, and t o the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

&


--

Introduction

This manual is arranged into five categories:

General Information

General descriptions of the equipment and preparation for use instructions

-

Chapters

1 and

2

Operating Information

Setting up and sample programs, programming techniques

-

Chapters 3 and 4

Programming Informat ion

Explanation of each software command applicable to the

HP E1440A -

Chapter

5,

Appendix

B

and Appendix

D

Specifications

Appendix

A

Customer Assistance

Sales and Service information: Appendix F.


vii

Contents

1

.

Getting Started

Using this Chapter

General Description

Key Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Overview

Physical Description

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction t o Operation

Programming

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self Test

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Error Queue

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sample program

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Checking the Instrument Output

Reset

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Front Panel Connections

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Marker TTL

X-Drive

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pen lift

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sync-Out TTL

Output

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ref Out lOMHz

PM

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ref

AM

In

1/1OMHz

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Front Panel Indicators

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Failed

Access

Error

Caution

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Output On

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

.

Coniiguring the

HP

E1440A

Using this Chapter

Inspection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Claims and Repackaging

Storage and Shipment

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Return Shipments t o HP

Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Logical Address Switch

Changing Module Settings

Installation

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installing the HP E1440A

. . . . . . . . . . .


3

.

Using the

HP

E1440A

Using

this Chapter

Sample Programs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1

Typical Commands

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-2

[:S 0URceI:OUTPut Command

:ROSCillator Command

. . . . . . . . .

3-2

. . . . . . . . . . . .

3-2

FUNC Command

FREQ Command

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Programming Examples

3-2

3-3

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-3

Function Generator

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-3

Multi-Interval Sweep Generator

. . . . . . . .

3-4

Multi-Marker Sweep Generator

. . . . . . . . .

3-5

Using the Command Group Feature

. . . . . .

3-6

Sample program

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-6

Using *OPC? to Synchronize the HP E1440A

Using *WAI to Synchronize the HP E1440A

. .

3- 7

. . .

3-11

4

.

Understanding the HP

E1440A

Using this Chapter

A System Overview

The Synthesizer

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The VXIbus Interface

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Microprocessor System

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Function Generator

The Output Unit

Amplifier

Attenuator

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sweep Generator

Front Panel

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Planning and Programming

. . . . . . . . . . .

The HP E1440Ain a Test Environment

. . . . . .

Signal Parameters

FREQuency

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AMPLitude

OFFSet

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PHASe

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Value Coupling

General

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Example of processing value coupled commands

Sweep

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Example

:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Functional Coupling

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:FREQuency [:CW]

. . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:ROSCillator :SOURce

. . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:SWEep :TIME:RETRace

. . . . . .

Programming Pitfalls

Sweep

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Minimal MARKer distances

. . . . . . . . . .

FUNC TTL and FUNC DC limitations

:VOLT < d u e > <unit>

. . . . .

/

:VOLT:UNIT

. . . .


"WAI and *OPC?

Connections

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-18

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-18

5

.

Command Reference

Using This Chapter

Command Types

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1

SCPI Command Format

. . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1

Command Separator

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1

The SCPI command parser

. . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

Definition of terms

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

Common commands

Program message

/

SCPI commands

. . . .

5-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

Program message unit (command)

Command node

. . . . . .

5-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-3

Optional node

End node

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4

Implied root node

Current base node

How the parser works

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4

Example

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-6

Linking Commands

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-7

Common Command Format

. . . . . . . . . .

5-7

SCPI Command Reference

ABORt

. . . . . . . . . . . .

5-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-8

Subsystem Syntax

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-8

Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-8

CALibration

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-9

Subsystem Syntax

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-9

CAL? Results

5-9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-9

INITiate

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

5-11

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

:CONTinuous

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

Parameters

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

[:IMMediate]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-11

OUTPut

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

5-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-12

[:STATe]

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-12

Comments

[:STATe]?

:AMPLify

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-13

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-13

High Voltage Option 001

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . .

5-13

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-13

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-13

:TTLTrg<n> [:STATe]

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-14

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-14


Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:TTLTrg<n>:SOURce

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:TTLTrg<n>:AOFF

[:SOURce]

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:AM

Subsystem Syntax

Parameters

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:

SOURce] :FREQuency

Subsystem Syntax

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:FREQuency[:CW

I

:FREQuency:MODE

:FIXed]

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

:FREQuency :STARt :STOP

:FREQuency:CENTer

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

:FREQuency:SPAN

[:SOURce]:FUNCtion

Subsystem Syntax

Comments

[:SOURce]:LIST

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:LIST:FREQuency

:LIST:DWELl

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:LIST:SEQuence

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce] :MARKer[<n>]

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:PHASe

Subsystem Syntax

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Example:

[:SOURce]:PM

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce] :ROSCillator

Subsystem Syntax

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[:SOURce]:SWEep

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

:SWEep:TIME

Comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:S WEep:TIME:RETRace

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.STATUS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:STATus:OPERation

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax comments

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:STATus:QUEStionable

. . . . . . . . . . . .

:STATus:QUEStionable :FREQUENCY

. . . . .


:STATus:PRESet

:SYSTem

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subsystem Syntax

:SYSTem:ERRor?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:SYSTem:PRESet

:SYSTem:VERSion?

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

IEEE 488.2 Commands for the HP E1440A

*CLS

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*ESE

*ESE?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*ESR?

*IDN?

*OPC

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*OPC?

*RCL

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*RST

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*SAV

*SRE

*SRE?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*STB?

*TST?

*WAI

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A

.

Specifications

Waveforms

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Main Signal Output (Typical)

Amplitude into 50fl

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sinewave Spectral Purity

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Squarewave Characteristics (Typical)

Triangle/Ramp Characteristics

. . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . .

DC Offset

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase Offset

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sinewave Amplitude Modulation (Typical)

. . . . .

Phase Modulation (Typical)

Frequency Sweep

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Auxiliary Outputs (Typical)

Auxilliary Inputs (Typical)

VXIbus Interface Capabilities

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . .

Option

001

High-Voltage Output Amplifier

. . . .

General (Typical refer to VXI System Specification)


B

.

Register Programming

Registers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Status Reporting

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Error Queue

Status Registers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using the Registers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sample Program

Program

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance tests

Introduction

Test Record

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recommended Test Equipment

Functional Verification Tests

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

Performing a Self-test

Starting the test

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading the Error Queue

Example program

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Checking the Instrument Output

Operational Verification Tests

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . .

Without a Controller

With a Controller

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance Verification Tests

. . . . . . . . . .

Introduction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harmonic Distortion

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

High-Voltage Output (Option 001)

Spurious Signal

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Mixer Spurious Procedure

. . . . . . . . . .

Close-in Spurious (Fractional

N

Spurs) Procedure

Integrated Phase Noise

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency Accuracy

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase Increment Accuracy

. . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amplitude Accuracy

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Amplitude Accuracy at Frequencies upto 100

kHz

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



Amplitude Accuracy (Frequencies

. . . . . .

>

100

kHz)

.


DC Offset Accuracy (DC only)

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Attenuator Test

. . . . . . . . . . . . .


Specifications

. . . . . .

DC Offset Accuracy with AC Functions

. . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Triangle Linearity

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equipment Required

Procedure

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Facility

:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Conditions

:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installed Options

:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ambient Temperature

:

Relative Humidity :

Line Frequency

:

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Special Notes :

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Equipment Used

:

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harmonic Distortion

Frequency Accuracy

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Spurious Signals

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase Increment Accuracy

Amplitude Accuracy

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC Offset Accuracy (DC only)

. . . . . . . . . .

DC Offset Accuracy with AC Function

Triangle Linearity

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D

.

Command Quick Reference

Introduction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E

.

Error Messages

Introduction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Message List

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


F

.

Sales and Service Offices

Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-

1

Asia

Canada

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F- 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-1

Eastern Europe

Northern Europe

South East Europe

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-

1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-

1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-

1

Middle East and Central Africa

United Kingdom

. . . . . . . .

F-

2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

United States of America

Eastern USA

. . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

Midwestern USA

Southern USA

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

Western USA

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F-2

Other International Areas

. . . . . . . . . . . .

F-3

Index


Figures

1.1

.

Block Diagram of the HP E1440A

1.2

. . . . . . .

1-2

.

HP E1440A Front panel

. . . . . . . . . . . .

1-6

2.1

2.2

2.3

4.1

4.2

4.3

B.1

C.1

C.2

C.3

.

Address Switch and Jumper Location

. . . . . .

2-3

.

Address Switch Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . .

2-4

.

Jumper JlOl Links Settings

. . . . . . . . . .

2-5

.

Simplified Block Diagram

. . . . . . . . . . .

4-1

.

Synthesizer Block Diagram

. . . . . . . . . .

4-2

.

Handling of Value Coupled Commands

. . . . .

4-12

.

Status Register Subset

. . . . . . . . . . . .

B-2

.

Service Switch

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C- 7

.

Example Service Switch Setting

. . . . . . . .

C-7

.

Harmonic Distortion Verification Test Set-Up

(High-Voltage Output)

. . . . . . . . . . .

C-12

C.4

C.5

C.6

C.7

C.8

C.9

C.10

.

Mixer Spurious Test Set-Up

. . . . . . . . . .

C-14

.

Integrated Phase Noise Test Set-Up

. . . . . . .

C-17

.

Phase Increment Accuracy Test Set-Up

. . . . .

C-20

.

Function Amplitude Accuracy Test Set-Up

. . .

C-23

.

High voltage sinewave accuracy test set.up

. . . .

C-26

.

Function Amplitude Accuracy Test Set-Up

(High-Voltage Output)

. . . . . . . . . . .

C-27

.

Test set-up for Amplitude Accuracy Adjustment

C.11

C.12

C.13

(Frequency

>

100 kHz)

. . . . . . . . . . .

C-28

.

500

0 300 p F loadlvoltage divider

.

DC Offset Test Set-Up

. . . . . . . . . . . .

C-34

.

Triangle Linearity Test Set-Up

. . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . .

C-30

C-36


Tables

1.1

.

Instrument Reset State

3.1

3.2

.

Frequency Controls

. . . . . . . . . . . .

.

Values for FUNC Command

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4- 1

.

Frequency Ranges

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2

.

Amplitude Limits of AC Functions

. . . . . . .

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

5.1

5.2

5.3

.

High-Voltage Output Amplitudes

. . . . . . . .

.

Maximum DC Offset with any AC Function

. . .

.

El440 Command Group Assignment

. . . . . .

.

Illegal El440 Commands in FREQ:MODE LIST

/

SWEEP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

Operation Status Register

. . . . . . . . . . .

.

Questionable Status Register

. . . . . . . . . .

.

Questionable Frequency Register

. . . . . . . .

.

Common Command Summary

. . . . . . . . .

5.4

5.5

C.1

.

Reset State (Standard Setting)

. . . . . . . . .

.

Recommended Test Equipment for Tests

. . . .

C.2

.

Self-test result bits

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C.3

.

Service Switch Parameter Settings

. . . . . . .

C.4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Getting Started

Using this Chapter

This chapter introduces you to the VXIbus, HP E1440A Synthesized

FunctionJSweep Generator. The main sections of the chapter are:

rn

General Description

..............................................

1-1

Introduction to Operation

Front Panel

....................................

1-3

........................................................

1-6

General Description

The HP E1440A Synthesized FunctionJSweep Generator is a multi-task signal generator, built as a C-size (double slot) plug-in module, for use with other similar modules in a VXI mainframe. It can be used as:

a reference source

Produces a sine wave of a specified frequency, amplitude, DC offset and phase.

a function generator

Produces various waveforms at a specified frequency, amplitude,

DC offset and phase.

a sweep generator

Produces logarithmic and linear frequency sweeps.

Key Features

Key features of the HP E1440A are as follows:

5

different waveforms can be output

rn

Variable offsets and amplitudes

Can be used as a DC source

rn rn rn

Multi-interval or multi-marker sweep capabilities

Sweep sequencing

Combined linear and logarithmic sweeps

rn

Phase-continuous sweep

Message based module (responds to high level ASCII SCPI commands)

rn rn

Save/recall instrument settings

Compatible with VXIbus mainframe unit and associated modules

Getting Started 1-1



-

Introduction to

Operation

Note

This section contains information on checking communication between the synthesizer, mainframe and the computer. It includes information on returning the synthesizer to a known operating state

(reset), should programming errors occur or

if

a restart is necessary.

Before the

HP

E1440A can be used, some system configuration adjustments may need t o be made t o the module and then it has to be installed in the mainframe. Details of these tasks are given in

Chapter 2

Configuring the

HP E1440A.

Programming

The HP El4408 has been designed so that it can be controlled by an external computer. Its operations are therefore performed by a series of programmable commands using SCPI. There are no manual controls.

This section gives only brief general information on how to control the HP E1440A using a controller module. For a short form list of the commands specific to the HP E1440A, see Appendix D Command

Quick

Reference.

Programming information in this chapter is restricted t o HP

E1440A specifics, and assumes that you are familiar with VXIbus or

VMEbus intrinsics.If you are not familiar with these, then refer to industry standard publications about the VMEbus and the following publications:

rn

The "VXIbus System Specification7' published by The VXIbus

Consortium, Inc.

rn

ANSIIIEEE-488.2-1987, "Digital Interface for Programmable

Instrumentation" published by the Institute of Electrical and

Electronic Engineers

A complete syntax list of the HP E1440A programming commands can be found in Chapter 5

Command Syntax Reference.

Self Test

Once the mainframe and module have been powered up (see Chapter

2 for instructions on how t o check and set the module address), the synthesizer is ready for use. During power-up, the HP E1440A automatically executes an internal check and makes sure it is able to communicate with the back plane of the VXI mainframe.

Note

The HP E1440A has a "Failed" indicator that remains on if the

)46 synthesizer is not able t o communicate with the controller.

This self test routine can also be executed on command and therefore sending the self test command is an easy way to check that you are correctly addressing the synthesizer. Self test is also useful in locating intermittent problems which might occur during operation.



The command used t o execute self test is:

*TST?

On execution of this command, the synthesizer performs a self test routine which is built into the module firmware. The result of the self test is placed in the error queue, which is subsequently interrogated by the controller.

The

Error

Queue

When an error occurs during operation, a suitable error code and message are stored in the synthesizer error queue. These errors can be read out using the 'SYS:ERR?'command. A returned value of 0

(zero) means there are no more errors. The error queue can store up t o 30 codes and messages on a 'first in first out'

(FIFO) basis. Error messages are described in Appendix

E

Error Messages

Sample program

The following BASIC program executes self test; this program assumes the mainframe is at a primary interface address of 09 and the synthesizer is at a secondary address of 11. The program also assumes that an

HP

9000 Series 200/300 computer is used.

!Send t h e s e l f - t e s t command t o t h e s y n t h e s i z e r

I

1 ll*TST?l'

I

!Enter

and

d i s p l a y t h e s e l f t e s t code

I

ENTER70911;A

PRINT A

!

!Reset t h e s y n t h e s i z e r

I

OUTPUT 709

;

*RSTI1

END

Note

3

Last line of program

After testing, always reset the synthesizer to a known state.

Checking the

Instrument Output

After using the above program t o reset the

HP

E1440A, a simple test with an oscilloscope will check that the module is functional.

Connect an oscilloscope to the output BNC and then send the following short program:

10

!

S e t frequency v a l u e

20

!

30

OUTPUT 7091 "FREQ

lE3

"

!

!

S e t f u n c t i o n t o sinewave

OUTPUT 70911 SIN"

!

!

S e t o u t p u t l e v e l t o 1

V

!

OUTPUT 70911 "VOLT 1"

1-4

Getting

Started


110 !

120

Switch

on

t h e output

130

!

140 OUTPUT

70911

;

150

END

Reset

T h e module has

a

reset s t a t e which is entered once a reset command

(*RST) has been received. T h e reset conditions a r e detailed in table

-

Table 1-1. Instrument Reset State

Parameter

Reset State

N1Tiate:CONTinuous lmplitude

I C Offset

Tnits

?requenc y

?req. Mode

Start Frequency stop Frequency

Frequency Span

-

Hold

Frequency Span

-

Link

Marker (n)

Marker Frequency (n)

Sweep Time

Automatic Sweep Trace

Sweep Direction

I F F

: mV (P-P)

1

V dolts

1 Hz

FIXed

3

Hz

21 MHz

3FF

SENTer

3 F F (n is 1 to 9)

I Hz (n is 1 to 9)

I s

3N

UP

Reference Oscillator Source

Reference Oscillator

Automatic

Function

AM State

PM State

Output

Output Amplifier (HV Opt

001)

TTL Trigger Output(n)

TTL Trigger Output,

Source(n)

Phase

Phase Step

Phase Units

*

SAV(n)

SINe

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF (n is 0 t o 7)

SYNC (n is 0 to 7)

0 Deg

1

Deg

Radians

(n is 0 to 9)



Front

Panel

Connections

The HP E1440A

front panel is illustrated below

0

21 MHz

SYNTHESIZED PJNCTIONI

SWEEP GENERATOR

Faled

Access

Error

Wrker TTL

@

(-Dnve

0-10V

Ref Out lotiHz

@

@

'en lift

Ref In 11lOMHr

@

w c - O u t TTL

@

@

utput

@ @

IP E1440A

W]

,-.

6%

Float

Figure 1-2.'HP E1440A Front panel

Marker

TTL

This TTL-compatible output goes low at the selected marker frequency during a sweep, and goes high a t completion of the sweep, in the multi-interval mode.

In the multi-marker mode the signal pulses low a t the selected marker frequency.

1-6

Getting Started


X-Drive

This output ramps from 0

V

to 10

V

during a sweep.

Pen lift

This output provides a pen lift signal for a plotter at the end of a signal.

Sync-Out

TTL

A TTL

compatible square wave synchronized output signal, is available at this connector. The signal is synchronized with the output signal crossover point (zero volts or

DC offset voltage). The connector functions for frequencies up to 60 MHz.

Output

Standard output impedance is 50R. High-voltage option (001) output impedance is nominally

<

3Q at DC, and

<

10R at 1 MHz.

Ref Out 10MHz

A 10 MHz signal from the

HP

E1440A reference circuits is available here.

Ref In 1/1OMHz

This external frequency reference may be used t o phase-lock the internal 30 MHz oscillator.

AM

(f

An Amplitude Modulation input reference can be connected here for input to the synthesizer circuit. Range is

*5

volts in all modes, i.e. sine, square, triangle, ramps.

PM

(f A Phase Modulation input reference can be connected here for input to the synthesizer circuit. Range is f volts in all modes, i.e. sine, square, triangle, ramps.

Front Panel

Indicators

Note

Failed

This red lamp illuminates as soon as power is applied t o the module.

The module then checks out it's connections t o the VXIbus i.e. it checks that it is able to communicate with the mainframe. When that check is verified, the module extinguished the Failed lamp.

Absence of the

Failed

lamp does not necessarily mean that the module is suit able for use.



Caution

Access

This green lamp flickers when the

HP

E1440A

is in use, showing

that

communication between the module and mainframe is taking place.

Error

This red lamp illuminates to indicate there are error codes queued in

the

store, ready for collection by the controller.

Output On

This green lamp illuminates when there is a signal available at the output connector.

The outputs and externally applied voltages may be floating at upto 42

V.

Risk of electric shock may exist

The input/output connectors should not be subjected t o overload. Carefully note the max. applicable voltage for each connector as specified in Appendix A to this manual.

1-8 Getting Started


Configuring the HP E1440A


This chapter provides instructions on preparation for use and how to install the HP

E1440A

module. It also includes information about initial inspection and damage claims, packaging, storage and shipment.

Before operation, the instrument and manual, including the red safety page, should be reviewed for safety markings and instructions.

These must then be observed t o ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in safe condition.

Inspection

............................................................

Configuration

........................................................

Changing Module Settings

2-1

2-2

...................................

2-4

Installation

..........................................................

2-5

-

l

nspection

Warning

Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the container or cushioning is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been verified both mechanically and electrically.

Procedures for checking the operation of the instrument are given in Chapter

1

Getting

Started. If the contents are incomplete, mechanical damage or defect is apparent, or if a n instrument does not pass the operator's checks, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. Keep the shipping materials for carrier's inspection. The

HP office will arrange for repair or replacement without awaiting settlement.

To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not perform electrical tests

0 when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer enclosure (covers, panels, etc.).

Configuring the HP E1440A 2-1


Claims and

Repackaging

If physical damage is evident or if the instrument does not meet specification when received, notify the carrier and the nearest

Hewlett-Packard Service Office. The Sales/Service Office will arrange for repair or replacement of the unit without waiting for settlement of a claim against the carrier.

Storage and Shipment

The instrument can be stored or shipped at temperatures between

-40°C

and f75"C. The instrument should be protected from temperature extremes which may cause condensation within it.

Return Shipments to

HP

If the instrument is t o be shipped t o a Hewlett-Packard Sales/Service

Office (see Appendix F), attach a tag showing owner, return address, model number and full serial number and the type of service required.

The original shipping carton and packing material may be re-usable, but the Hewlett-Packard Sales/Service Office will also provide information and recommendations on materials to be used if the original packing is no longer available or reusable. General instructions for repacking are as follows:

1. Wrap instrument in heavy paper or plastic.

2.

Use strong shipping container. A double wall carton is adequate.

3.

Use enough shock-absorbing material (3 to 4 inch layer) around all sides of the instrument t o provide a firm cushion and prevent movement inside container.

4. Seal shipping container securely.

5.

Mark shipping container

FRAGILE t o encourage careful handling.

6.

In any correspondence, refer to instrument by model number and serial number.

I

Configuration

As detailed in the VXIbus Mainframe System Installation Guide, each plug-in module has a row of switches which are used to set the logical address of the module. The mainframe operating system uses these unique addresses, t o combine different modules into virtual instruments within the mainframe slots. The module is addressed by the computer program, using the logical address t o distinguish it from other modules in the system.

4

ATTENTION STATIC SENSITIVE Handle the module, only at 'Static Safe' work stations !

ATTENTION

Static Sensltlve

2-2 Configuring the HP E1440A


The Logical Address

Figure 2-1 shows the location of the

HP

E1440A

logical address

Switch

switch. Access t o alter the switch settings may be gained through a cutout in the module cover.

Logical Address

Switch

\

J101 to J106

(on

rear)

/

Cutaway view

Figure 2-1. Address Switch and Jumper Location

The Logical Address switch has a factory setting of 88 which is equivalent to a secondary address of 11.

Figure 2-2 shows how a primary address setting of 88, transposes to a secondary address of 11 by shifting three places (ignoring the first three switches). Make sure you apply this rule when altering the switch setting to a number of your choice. Remember, the module secondary address must be the one present in

all

control programs for this module.

Configuring the HP E1440A 2-3


,

Service Switch

-

DO NOT ALTER

,

Note

Logical

Address

128 switch

MSB

MSB LSB

LSB

Figure 2-2. Address Switch Settings

This view of the switch settings is the one you will see when looking directly into the top of the module. The switch positions are shown from the same viewpoint.

If there is no other identical

HP

E1440A module in the mainframe with this address, and this factory set address does not conflict with one of the other modules, then the factory setting may be left as it is set.

A

The service switch beside the logical address switch

- is factory set as shown and is for use by service personnel only. It must not be altered!

Changing

Settings

Module

On the left hand side, close to the VXIbus connectors, mounted on the circuit land side of the control printed circuit board, there are several connecting links which you can change to alter the module configuration for control interrupt priority. The link locations are shown on Figures 2-1, 2-2 and configurations are shown on Figure

2-3. Access is gained through a cutout in the cover.

Jumpers JlOl to J106 can be used to alter the interrupt priority setting of the HP E1440A module. In most cases this would not need to be altered from the factory setting of

BG/BR3.

However, if the HP E1440A is being used in a mainframe with other non-HP instruments, or in a specialized. test equipment set-up, there may be a requirement to alter the controller interrupt priority of the module.

Proceed as follows:

When altering the

BG/BR

level you will touch electronic components.

ESD

precautions

such as a wristlet connector to module cover, must be used. Do not use

BNC outer shields they are not ground!

2-4 Configuring the HP E1440A


1.

Place module on a bench with the jumper access cutout uppermost

2.

Refer to figure

2-3

and remove the single jumper from the column where you want the full column jumpered according t o the

BG/BR

level you require

3.

Move the three jumpers that are together, across to the column you have just emptied

4.

Place the single jumper in the vacated column in line with the other two single jumpers

5. Check that the final jumper positions are correct for the BG/BR level you require and that

all

jumpers are secure on their pins

3 2 1 0

BGiBRO

3 2 1 0

BGIBR1

3 2 1 0

B G i B R 2

3 2 1 0

B G i B R 3

(Factory setting)

Figure 2-3. Jumper 5101 Links Settings

A

The Jumper positions are factory set as shown. Do

L A

not alter unless absolutely necessary.

l

nstallation

Warning

In addition to C-Size modules, the mainframe also accepts A- and

B-Size modules. If you intend using the HP E1440A with these smaller size modules, it is better to install them first. Refer to the mainframe manual for details.

SHOCK HAZARD. Remove all sources of power from the mainframe

@

before removing or installing the HP E1440A module.

A

ATTENTION

Static Sensitive

ATTENTION STATIC SENSITIVE Handle the module, only at 'Static Safe' work stations !

Configuring the HP E1440A

2-5


Installing the HP

E

I U O A

Choose the mainframe location for the module and place the module card edges into the front mainframe guides (top and bottom). Fit the module as follows: a Slide the module towards the rear of the mainframe until the connectors approach the backplane

Caution

receptacles

DIL switches on the backplane beside the connector There are

#I connectors are pushed against them

Carefully push the module home so that the connectors mate solidly with the back plane receptacles, the screening fingers rest comfortably against the adjacent module, and the front panel is flush against the front bar of the mainframe

rn

Secure the module using the captive screws in the front panel t o lock the module into the mainframe

Power can now be restored t o the mainframe.

2-6

Configuring the

HP

E1440A


Using the HP E1440A

Using

this

Chapter

The purpose of this chapter is to provide example programs that show you how t o operate the synthesizer. With minor modifications, these programs can also be used for many of your applications. The examples in this chapter include:

Function Generator

....................................................

3-3

Multi-Interval Sweep Generator

.................................

3-4

Command Group Feature

..........................................

3-5

Synchronizing the

E1440A

.........................................

3- 7

Sample Programs

Note

This chapter provides only basic programming information for the

HP

E1440A.

More advanced examples may be found in Chapter

4

Understanding the

HP Eld40A

After power-on of the VXI mainframe, check that the

Failed

lamp on the HP

E1440A

front panel, has extinguished. This means that the microprocessor within the unit, has checked that it is connected properly t o the VXIbus and can operate with the rest of the system.

To check if the controller and the HP

E1440A

are talking with each other, send a query and look at the response from the HP E1440A.

For example:

Program

10

DIM

A$[2551

20

OUTPUT

70911;

"

:

30

ENTER

70911;A$

40

PRINT

A$

50

END

Result

Dimensions

A$.

Queries the type of output waveform the

HP

E1440A

is set to.

The HP

E1440A

waveform type is received by the controller.

The type is displayed.

Program end.

The display should read SIN (Sine wave) because after a reset, that is what the HP

E1440A

is set to.

Whilst messages (Command strings and responses) are being exchanged between the

HP

E1440A

and the controller, the

Access

lamp will flash intermittently on the front panel.

Using the HP E1440A 3-1


If

the function is not shown, the first thing t o check is that the address set on the

HP

E1440A is the same as the one you are using

(in this case 11). Details of address set up are given in Chapter 2

Configuring the

HP

EI&OA.

Typical Commands

Any commands shown here in square

([

I) brackets, are optional.

They are included to help your understanding of the command logic.

[:SOURce]:OUTPut

Command

The [:SOUR]:OUTP ON/OFF command is used to switch a relay that applies the instrument output signal to the output connector, or isolates the connector. The command switches the output signal.

:ROSCiliator Command

The

HP

E1440A may use alternative reference oscillators as follows:

Source Keyword Description

:ROSC:SOUR

INTernal

:ROSC:SOUR

EXTernal

:ROSC:SOUR

CLK

10

An internal 30 MHz crystal

A reference input to the front panel connector in the range 1 MHz t o 10 MHz

A

10 MHz signal taken from the VXIbus

(available to

all

mainframe modules)'

FUNC Command

The function, FUNC[:SHAPe], command allows you t o set the shape and frequency of your waveform.

Table 3-1. Values for FUNC Command

DC

SINusoid

SQUare

TRIangle

Function

RUP

(Pos. slope ramp)

RDOWn

(Neg. slope ramp)

Range

DC level

1

p H z

to 21

M H z

1

p H z

to 11

M H z

1

p H z

to 11

kHz

1

p H z

to

11

kHz

1

p H z

to

11

k H z

TTL

1

p H z

to 60

M H z

3-2 Using the HP E1440A


FREQ

Command

The frequency sweep controls are as follows:

Table 3-2. Frequency Controls

Range

CW, FIXed, SWEep or LIST numeric value sets start frequency numeric value sets stop frequency numeric value sets center frequency numeric value sets frequency span

Note

3

Changing the span alters the start and stop frequencies but not center

Programming

Examples

The following sections give programming examples for the

HP E1440A. The examples are divided into three different sections, a simple function generator, a multi-interval sweep generator and a multi-marker sweep generator.

All

of the programs assume the following:

rn rn

an HP 9000, Series 200 or 300 Computer as controller that BASIC is the programming language

rn

that the HP E1440A is preset to HP-IB address 11

rn

that the slot 0 commander (E1405) is set t o primary HP-IB address 9

Function Generator

The following program shows an example of how to program the

HP E1440A as a function generator. The program shows how to:

1. Clear all devices (resets E1440A)

2. Set the waveform as a square wave

3. Set the frequency t o 10 kHz

4. Set the amplitude t o

1

V(p-p)

5 . Set the DC offset t o 4.5 V

6. Set the phase to

45'

7. Switch the output on


3-3


Program

10

OUTPUT 70911; "*RST;*CLS"

20

OUTPUT 70911; ":SOUR:WC

sqult

Result

Clears all status registers. selects square wave

30

OUTPUT 70911; ":FREQ 10000"

40

OUTPUT 70911; ":VOLT 1"

50

OUTPUT 70911; ":VOLT:OFFS

4.5"

sets frequency to 10 kHz sets amplitude to 1 volt sets offset to 4.5 volts

60

OUTPUT 70911; ":PHAS 45 DEG"

sets phase to 45'

70 OUTPUT 709

;

I

: switches output signal to the front panel BNC connector

Program end.

Note

$

Lines 20 t o 70 could have been sent as one composite instruction

OUlPUT70911;":SOUR:FIMCSQU;:FREQ10000;:VOLT1;:VOLT:OFFS

PHAS

45

DEG"

Multi-Interval Sweep

Generator

T h e following program shows an example of how t o program t h e

HP

E1440A as a multi-interval sweep generator. T h e program assumes t h a t the amplitude, waveform,

DC

offset a n d phase, a r e t h e same as set in the previous example, retrace time is set t o

5

seconds and t h e sweep is t o run continuously. T h e program then shows how t o set five sweep intervals with t h e following parameters:

Interval 1:

Interval 2

Interval 3

Interval 4

Interval 5: start frequency stop frequency marker frequency sweep time sweep mode start frequency stop frequency sweep time sweep mode start frequency stop frequency marker frequency sweep time sweep mode start frequency stop frequency sweep time sweep mode start frequency stop frequency marker frequency sweep time sweep mode

1 kHz

3 kHz

2 kHz

1 sec. linear

500 Hz

10 kHz

1 sec. logarithmic

2 kHz

4 kHz

3

kHz

1 sec. linear

900 Hz

10 kHz

1 sec. logarithmic

3 kHz

5 kHz

4 kHz

1 sec. linear

3-4



10

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:FREQ:STAR 1000,500,2000,900,3000"

20

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:FREQ:STOP 3000,10000,4000,10000,5000"

30

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:FREQ:MARK 2000,200,3000,500,4000"

40

50

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:FREQ:SPAC LIN,LOG,LIN,LOG,LIN"

60

70

80

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:DWELL 1"

OUTPUT 70911; ":SWE:RTIM 5"

OUTPUT 70911; ":LIST:SEQ (1:5)"

90 OUTPUT 70911; ":FREQ:MODE LIST"

100

OUTPUT 70911; ":INIT:CONT ON"

110 END

Multi-Marker Sweep

The following program shows an example of how t o program the

Generator

HP

E1440A as a multi-marker sweep generator. The program sets up the following continuous sweep:

Interval Start Frequency 1.0 kHz

Interval Stop Frequency 5.0 kHz

Interval Sweep Time 1.0 s with the following markers:

Marker 1 1.5 kHz

Marker 2 2.0 kHz

Marker 3 2.5 kHz

Marker 4 3.0 kHz

Marker 5 3.5 kHz

Marker 6 4.0 kHz

Marker 7 4.5 kHz

1

OUTPUT 70911 FREQ STAR 1E3"

2

OUTPUT 709

It

FREQ STOP 5E3"

3

OUTPUT 70911;":MARKl:FREQ l.SE3;:MARK2:FREQ 2E3"

4

OUTPUT 70911;":MARK3:FREQ 2.5E3;:MARK4:FREQ 3E3"

5

OUTPUT 7091l;":MARKS:FREQ 3.5E3;:MARKG:FREQ 4E3"

6

OUTPUT 70911;":MARK7:FREQ

7

OUTPUT 70911;":MARKl:STAT ON;:MARK2:STAT

ON"

8

OUTPUT 70911;":MARK3:STAT

ON"

9

OUTPUT 70911;":MARK5:STAT

10

OUTPUT 709 MARK7 STAT ON"

11

OUTPUT 70911;":SWE:TIME 1"

12

OUTPUT 7091

13

OUTPUT 70911 INIT CONT ON"

14

END



Using the Command

This

example program in RMBASIC (Rocky Mountain

BASIC),

Group

Feature

demonstrates the benefits of the 'Command Group Feature' implemented in the El440 See Chapter 4

Understanding

the

HP

E1440A.

The :VOLT and :VOLT:OFFSet commands are used as an example and the measurement task is

:

Base setup:

Frequency

:

Function

:

11

MHz

SIN

First measurement:

Voltage

:

Voltage offset

:

Second measurement:

Volt age

:

Voltage offset

:

2.0

V

3.0 V

Third measurement:

Voltage

:

Voltage offset

:

0.1 V (again

0.2

V

(again)

The problem here is that, if parameters are programmed in separate output statements, you would enter temporarily incompatible states.

Referring to the example above, if you always program in the order

:VOLT and then :VOLT:OFFS, you will get an error at the beginning of the third measurement because an offset of 0.1

V is incompatible with an amplitude of 2 V (leftover from second measurement).

Reverting the order of programming (first offset then amplitude) will just move the problem, not eliminate it. In this case you will get an error at the first :VOLT:OFFS command because an offset of 0.1

V

is incompatible with an amplitude of 0.001 (value after "RST).

There are three ways out of the dilemma

:

1. Every time you want t o program amplitude and offset set them to save values first. This doubles the programming effort.

2. Keep track of the current value and select programming sequence

(amplitude/offset or offset/amplitude) accordingly. Very time consuming.

3. Send amplitude and offset in one string. The most efficient method.

Sample program

0.1

V

0.2 V

10

20

REAL

El440

40 !

3-6 Using the HP E1440A

!

for the instrument HP-IB address.

!

Note that an INTEGER is too small to hold

!

a HP-IB address with secondary addressing.

-


E1440=70911

! assumed s l o t

0

commander

i s

connected t o

! HP-IB i n t e r f a c e with s e l e c t code

7,

! primary

HP-IB address of s l o t

! and l o g i c a l address of

0 commander i s

El440 i s

11

(secondary

9

!

HP-IB address i s l o g i c a l add. s h i f t e d l e f t

3

b i t s )

!

! A t t h e s t a r t we p u t instrument i n t o a known s t a t e .

CLEAR El440

OUTPUT El440 I1*RST STATUS

;

*CLS1'

!

! Base s e t t i n g

I

OUTPUT E1440;I1:FUNC

MHz;

:OUTP ON"

!

!

Setup

1

!

OUTPUT El440

!

!

Do measurement

1

I

V; OFFSET 0.2 V"

OUTPUT El440

!

V

;

OFFSET 3.0 V"

!

Do measurement

!

2

OUTPUT El440;":VOLT:AMPL 0.1 V; OFFSET 0.2 V"

!

!

Do measurement 3

!

END

Using *OPC? to

This example program demonstrates the use of the "OPC? to

Synchronize the

HP

synchronize the controller with the E1440. It also shows how one

~ 1 4 4 0 ~

unwieldy.

LIST

subsystem which can sometimes be slightly

The requirement is to set up a list sweep comprising:

rn rn

one lin interval 1 MHz to 13 MHz

,

1 second one equi interval 13 MHz to 13 MHz

,

2 seconds one lin interval 13 MHz to

1

MHz one log interval 1 MHz to

13

MHz

,

1 second

,

3 seconds

Output function is

SIN, amplitude is 5

V.

When the sweep stops we will print the message

List

sweep finished

on the computer screen



Note

I

We will not program markers because we do not need

them.

r

After

*RST the

L1ST:FREQ:MARK:STAT list contains one entry with the value

OFF.

This entry can be thought of as being replicated as many times as imposed by the other non-singular lists. We will store the parameters in data lines.

The first data line is the sweep sequence as a string and the number of intervals is defined by the succeeding data lines.

10 L i s t - d a t a : !

20

!

30 DATA " ( 1 : 4 ) " , 4

40 !

50 ! The f o l l o w i n g 4 d a t a l i n e s c o n t a i n :

60 ! start

70 DATA lE6

, s t o p

,

"spacing"

, time

,

13E6

,

"LIN"

,

1

80 DATA 13E6

90 DATA 13E6

100 DATA 1E6

,

13E6

,

"LIN"

,

2

,

1E6

,

"LIN"

,

1

,

13E6

,

"LOG"

,

3

110 !

120 ! some v a r i a b l e s

130 !

140 ! f i r s t t h e a r r a y s f o r t h e l i s t parameters

150 !

160 REAL Lstart ( 1

10)

! start f r e q u e n c i e s

170 REAL Lstop(1: 10)

180 REAL Ltime ( 1 :

! s t o p f r e q u e n c i e s

! dwell times

190 D I M Lspac$ ( 1 :

200

D I M Lseq$[801

210

D I M

Opc-resp$ C31

! s p a c i n g modes

! sequence

! f o r e n t e r i n g t h e *OPC? response

220 !

230 INTEGER

I

240 INTEGER No-of-int

250 !

260 REAL El440

270

! t h e famous a l l purpose

I

! number of i n t e r v a l s

! f o r t h e i n s t r u m e n t s HP-IB a d d r e s s .

! Notice t h a t a n INTEGER i s t o o small t o hold

! a HP-IB a d d r e s s w i t h secondary a d d r e s s i n g . 280

290 !

300

310

320

E1440=70911

330

340

350

!

! assumed s l o t

0

commander is connected t o

! HP-IB i n t e r f a c e w i t h s e l e c t code 7 ,

! primary

HP-IB a d d r e s s of s l o t 0 commander i s 9

!

! and l o g i c a l a d d r e s s of El440 i s 11 (secondary

HP-IB a d d r e s s i s l o g i c a l add s h i f t e d l e f t 3 b i t s )

360 ! l e t s f i l l t h e parameter a r r a y s f i r s t

370 !

380 RESTORE L i s t - d a t a

! n o t n e c e s s a r y i n a program a s s h o r t a s t h i s

3-8 Using the

HP

E1440A


! but always good style.

READ

Lseq$,No-of-int

!

FOR 1=1 TO No-of-int

READ Lstart(1) ,Lstop(I) ,Lspac$(I) ,Ltime(I)

NEXT I

!

!

To start with, we put instrument into known state.

CLEAR El440

OUTPUT El440 ; *CLStl

!

!

Setup the list

!

OUTPUT El440 I :LIST FREQ START I

; ! mind the

' ; ' ! it suppresses

! the <CR/LF> at the end of

!

! the output statement. also watch the space

' '

! after START

! now output the parameters in a loop

FOR 1=1 TO No-of-int

OUTPUT E1440;Lstart ;

IF I<No-of-int THEN OUTPUT E1440;",";

! insert

' ,' if not last param.

NEXT I

OUTPUT El440

! output

'

;

' at end of list

I

! now we do the same as above for stop, spacing and dwell list.

I

OUTPUT El440 :LIST FREQ

:

STOP

"

FOR I=1 TO No-of-int

OUTPUT E1440;Lstop(I)

;

IF I<No,of -int THEN OUTPUT El44O; ,I1;

NEXT I

OUTPUT El440 ;

!

OUTPUT El440;":LIST:FREQ:SPAC

" ;

FOR I=1 TO No-of-int

Lspac$ ;

IF I<No-of-int THEN OUTPUT E1440;1f,tl;

NEXT I

OUTPUT El440 ;

!

OUTPUT El440 :LIST DWELL

FOR I=l TO No-of-int

"

OUTPUT E1440;Ltime(I)

;

NEXT I

OUTPUT El440 ;

!

! last but not least the sequence

!

"

:LIST SEQ I Lseq$



900

!

910

! The l i s t s a r e i n t h e box

920

!

930

-- base s e t t i n g

OUTPUT

E1440;":FUNC SIN; :VOLT 5

V;

:OUTP

ON"

940

!

950

! s e t instrument i n l i s t mode and i n i t i a t e one sweep c y c l e

960

!

970

OUTPUT

980

!

EI440;":FREQ:MODE LIST; :INIT1'

990

! i s s u e

*OPC?

command and r e a d response.

1000

! t h e response w i l l not be s e n t by t h e

El440

u n t i l t h e c u r r e n t l y

1010

! running sweep s t o p s .

1020

! n o t e t h a t t h i s may cause an

I/O

timeout on t h e c o n t r o l l e r i f

1030

! timeout i s s e t t o o s h o r t f o r t h e

HP-IB

i n t e r f a c e .

1040

!

1050

OUTPUT

El440

1060 ENTER E1440;0pc,resp$

1070

!

1080

! ready, p r i n t t h e message and end

1090

!

1100 PRINT

" L i s t sweep f i n i s h e d "

1110

!

1120 END

3-10



Using *WAI to

This example

RMBASIC

program demonstrates the use of the

*WAI

Synchronize the HP

command to synchronize commands with the overlapping sweep

~ 1 4 4 0 ~

El440

Note that we do NOT synchronize the controller with the

HP

E1440, for that You need

*OPC

or

*OPC?

The requirement is to set up a sweep with the following parameters:

Start

1.33

MHz frequency

Stop frequency 4.5 MHz

Sweep time

1 sec

Function SIN and we want to have the following dynamic operation

:

rn

output is off switch output on and do one sweep cycle with an amplitude of

3

volts

. do one sweep cycle with an amplitude of 6 volts. do one sweep cycle with an amplitude of 9 volts and switch output off.

REAL El440

! f o r t h e i n s t r u m e n t s

HP-IB

a d d r e s s .

! Note t h a t an

INTEGER

i s t o o s m a l l t o hold

! a

HP-IB

a d d r e s s w i t h secondary a d d r e s s i n g .

!

E1440=70911

! assumed s l o t

0

commander i s connected t o

!

HP-IB

i n t e r f a c e w i t h s e l e c t code

7,

! primary

HP-IB

a d d r e s s of s l o t

0

commander i s

9

! and l o g i c a l a d d r e s s of

El440

i s

11

(secondary

!

HP-IB

a d d r e s s i s l o g i c a l add, s h i f t e d l e f t 3 b i t s )

!

!

To start w i t h , we p u t instrument i n t o a known s t a t e .

CLEAR El440

OUTPUT E1440;"*RST; :STATUS:PRESET; *CLSt'

!

! Base s e t t i n g

!

OUTPUT E1440;":FUNC SIN; :FREQ:START 1.33 MHz; STOP 4.5 MHz; :SWEEP:TIME 1"

!

! S e t f i r s t amplitude and s e t instrument i n t o sweep mode ( n o t i c e

! t h a t o u t p u t i s s t i l l o f f )

!

;

:VOLT 3 :MODE SWEEP"

I

!

Switch output on an i n i t one sweep c y c l e

!

"

: ; :

!

! Wait f o r completion of t h e sweep c y c l e , s e t amplitude and i n i t next c y c l e

Using the HP

E1440A 3-1 1


!

OUTPUT

El440

:VOLT 6 INIT"

!

!

Last cycle

!

OUTPUT E1440;"*WAI; :VOLT 9; :INITu

!

! Wait f o r completion of l a s t sweep c y c l e and switch

output off

!

OUTPUT E1440;"*WAI; :OUTP OFF"

!

END

3-12

Using the

HP E1440A


Understanding the HP E1440A


This chapter describes the main features of the synthesizer and how they are used.

It provides an extension to information contained in

Chapter

3

Using

the

HP EI&OA

and describes additional features and techniques by extending the user's understanding of the instrument. The main sections of this chapter are as follows:

A

System Overview

....................................................

4-1

Planning and Programming

.......................................

4-4

The HP

E1440A

in a Test Environment

Value Coupling

....................

4-5

....................................................

4-9

Functional Coupling

.................................................

Programming P i t f d s

4- 13

..............................................

4-14

A System Overview

The E1440A Synthesizer consists of five main sub-units as follows:

1.

VXIbus Interface

2. Microprocessor System

3. Synthesizer

4.

Function Generator

5.

Output Unit

These units are illustrated in Figure 4-1 below.

M b u s and

H

Microcomputer

Interface

Externd AM and PM Inputs

Figure 4-1. Simplified Block Diagram


4-1


The VXlbus Interface

The interface allows the

VXI

mainframe controller t o communicate with the

HP

E1440A.

It accepts Standard Commands for

Programmable Instruments (SCPI) from the controller and converts the commands (via a resident interpreter) into a form the

HP

E1440A

understands. The interface also passes information obtained from the

HP

E1440A

back t o the controller system.

Included in the interface, is the power supply

( a DC-DC Converter) module which takes it's supply from the mainframe bus and converts it into the supplies required by the

HP

E1440A.

In doing so it also isolates the HP E1440A from the mainframe bus, thus filtering out external noise and possible voltage variations.

The Microprocessor

System

The Synthesizer

This part of the HP E1440A includes the microprocessor, associated

ROM and RAM areas, decoders and peripheral devices. It maintains overall control of the whole unit.

-

Wbvs

Interface

-

Conhoi

Sample

8

Hold

30 to 6OMHz

30 to 60MHz

. .

.

. . .

. . .

. . . . .

'

samde

& boa

If-vcol

-

If-re6

Figure 4-2. Synthesizer Block Diagram sync Out

l 7 L

0 - 6 0 M M

0 to 21MHz mto

Func. Generator

The synthesizer produces basic reference frequencies for the external outputs. To do this it uses a crystal source reference frequency

(30

MHz) and applies mathematical, phase detection, averaging techniques etc. to produce an output from a voltage controlled oscillator. Overall control of the synthesizer circuits is exercised by a digital control unit, slaved t o the HP

E1440A

microprocessor.

4-2

Understanding the

HP

E1440A


--

The Function Generator

The Function Generator takes synthesizer outputs and combines them into composite signals of various types, for output. To produce composite signals it generates up two source waveforms, sine and triangular. The sine wave is operated upon if necessary, t o convert into a square wave. Filtering and current buffering are carried out by the function generator.

The Output

Unit

This unit consists of several sub units, including the HP E1440A front panel.

Amplifier

The amplifier takes the function generator output, synchronizes it with the set requirements and amplifies the signal to the required levels.

Attenuator

The attenuator circuit buffers the

HP

E1440A from external loads imposed by the UUT, ensures that output signals are of the correct impedance, and applies a multiplication factor if required.

Sweep Generator

This circuit generates control signals required by external equipment such as plotters and chart recorders, that require synchronization and markers for subsequent analysis of traces. A normal test requirement would be for test frequencies generated by the

HP

E1440A, to be applied to the unit under test (UUT), and it's output recorded by a plotter or recorder.

In

these cases it is necessary to show the exact relationships including timing, between application of the input to the UUT and the output characteristics of the UUT.

Front Panel

The front panel carries four indicator lamps and nine BNC input/output connectors. The identity and function of these are described in Chapter 1

Getting Started.

Some of the outputs are also made available to the back plane trigger bus.

Understanding the HP E1440A 4-3


Planning and

Programming

Note

llrC

All

operations performed

by

the

HP

E1440A

are carried out in response to computer program instructions. The user is therefore forced to accept a method of use, that is imposed by the need to plan requirements of the

HP E1440A

and implement them. This means that when a test procedure is available, all the test requirements and numerous sequential changes in control settings for the synthesizer, must be written and assembled into a logically sequenced program.

Preferably flow charted.

With conventional test equipment the approach is less disciplined, because in most cases a user can pause in the task, manually reset and select alternative control settings as required by the test procedure he is following, and then continue.

Description of available programming commands and their syntax notation, are provided in Chapter

5

Command Reference. Some sample programs are provided here and in Chapter

3

Using

the

HP

El&OA. The following paragraphs of this chapter, should help you to correlate commands with the separate facilities of the

HP

E1440A.

4-4



-

The HP E1440A in

a

This section describes features of the instrument and the commands

Test Environment

used t o control those features.

Signal Parameters

The Parameter commands FREQuency, AMPLitude, OFFSet and

PHASe enable you to set the frequency, amplitude, DC offset and phase values, respectively, of your output signal.

FREQuency

The command is [:SOURce]:FREQ followed by a numerical value representing the number of cycles per second (Hz). For example 10 for 10 Hz and 10000 for 10 kHz

Resolution of the frequency value is 1 pHz for frequencies up to

99,999.999

999 Hz, independent of the waveform selected, and from

1

MHz upwards the resolution is 100 mHz. The frequency range is dependent on the waveform selected. During a frequency change, the main output is phase-continuous; that is, there are no phase discontinuities in the output waveform.

I

Table 4-1. Frequency Ranges

Function

SINE WAVE

SQUARE WAVE

TRIangle

I

Ranee

I

1 pHz

to

21

MHz

1

pHz

to 11

MHz

1

pHz

to

11 kHz

High-Voltage Option (Output Amplifier :OUTPut:AMPLify)

When the high-voltage output is used (option 001 is installed), the load resistance must be greater than 500

I2

or distortion will result, particularly at higher frequencies. The maximum frequency for the sine and square waveforms is 1 MHz, while that for the triangle and ramps is 11 kHz.

AMPLitude

AMPLitude is an optional command which follows the type of source definition VOLTage, P OWer or CURRent

.

The full command is [SOURce:] followed by the voltage, power or current sub command. The optional commands [:LEVel] and/or

[:IMMediate], and then :AMPL followed by a numeric value and an

OFFSet value.

The amplitude range for each waveform is given in Table 4-2. The ranges given are only applicable when no DC offset has been set.

When this is the case, see Table 4-4.



Table

4-2.

Amplitude Limits of AC Functions

+

Function

SINE

WAVE

RMS

I

SQUARE

WAVE

TRIangle

RUP (Pos. slope ramp)

RDOWn

(Neg. slope ramp)

Note

At output amplitudes of <50 mV in extreme environmental

4

conditions, it is recommended you use a double shielded BNC cable.

For example, use

HP

p/n 5180-2459 (1.22 m, RG58V Triax, 500).

Note

High-Voltage Option (Output Amplifier :OUTPut:AMPLify)

When the high-voltage output is used (option 001 is installed), a maximum output of 40

V

peak-to-peak is available into a high impedance. The load resistance must be more than 5000 or distortion will result, particularly at higher frequencies. To ensure square wave overshoot of <5% of the peak-to-peak output, the total capacitance connected to the output should be <500 pF. An error will occur if the amplitude is given in dBm for the high-voltage option.

The amplitude limits for the high-voltage option are shown in Table

4-3. The ranges given, are only applicable when no

DC

offset has been specified. When this is the case, see Table 4-4.

When the high-voltage option is switched on, the output

3

amplitude/offset "jumps" to its 4-fold value. When it is switched off, it is automatically decreased by a factor of four.

For example, the amplitude=l V(p-p). Turning the high-voltage on causes the amplitude output to be 4 V(p-p). Turning the high-voltage off causes the amplitude output to be 1 V(p-p) again.

4-6 Understanding the HP E1440A


Table

4-3.

High-Voltage Output Amplitudes

Function

SINe wave

SQUare wave

TRIangle

RUP (Pos. slope ramp)

min.

4 m v

4 m v

4 mV

4 mV

RDOWn (Neg. slope ramp) 4 m v

RMS min.

max.

1.42 mV 14.14 V

2.00 mV 20.00

1.16 mV 11.55

V t

1.16 mV 11.55 V

1.16 mV 11.55 V

OFFSet

The command is [:AMPL]:OFFSet followed by a numerical value representing the required DC offset.

The DC offset range is dependent upon amplitude and the high-voltage option (if installed). See Table 4-4 for a list of the DC offsets allowed.

If a DC offset is specified that is too large for the amplitude already programmed, or if the AC amplitude is increased beyond the level where the amplitude and offset are compatible, the Error lamp will illuminate on the front panel and the entry value is not accepted.

Offset Only,

No AC Function

When the DC function is activated, then no AC function is activated.

The DC voltage output may then be programmed from 0 mV to f with 4 digit resolution.

AC with DC Offset

When DC offset is added t o any AC function, there are minimum and maximum offset limits which must be observed. These limits are affected by the AC voltage and internal attenuator settings listed in Table 4-4. Resolution of a DC offset entry (with AC function) is determined by the resolution of the AC amplitude. The following equation may be used t o determine maximum offset voltage:

Maximum DC offset =

(5/A)

-

(Amptd/2) where A

=

Attenuation factor (from Table 4-4) and

Amptd

=

Amplitude in V(p-p) of the AC function.


HP E1440A 4-7


Table 4-4. Maximum DC Offset with any AC Function

Entry

Fact or

1.000 mV with

4.500 mV

0.001 mV

3.334 mV to

9.999 mV with

14.99 mV

0.001 m v with 11.66 mV

10.00 mV to

33.33 mV with

45.00 mV

0.010 m v with 33.33 mV

33.34 mV to

99.99 mV with 149.9 mV with 116.6 mV

0.010 mV

100.0 mV to

333.3 mV with

450.0 mV

0.100 mV with 333.3 mV

333.4 mV to

999.9 mV with 1.499 V with

1.166

V

0.100 mV

1.000 V with 4.500 V

1.000 mV

High-Voltage Option

When the high-voltage output is used (option 001 is installed), the minimum and maximum permissible DC offset voltages may be determined by multiplying the amplitude and offset values in

Table 4-4 by four. The equation given on the previous page must be changed to:

Maximum DC offset =

-

(Amptdl2) where

A =

Attenuation factor (from Table 4-4) and

Amptd

=

Amplitude in V(p-p) of the AC function.

Resolution of a DC offset entry is determined by the resolution of the

AC amplitude.

-



Note

PHASe

The command is :PHASe followed by a decimal value representing the amount (in degrees of angle) of phase shift required between the output signal, and an external reference signal.

Another synthesized function generator (for example, another

HP E1440A or an HP 33248, can be synchronized with the

HP E1440A (or vice versa). Either a reference frequency signal from the other instrument is connected t o the external frequency reference input of the HP E1440A

, or the signal from the output of the HP E1440A is connected to the other instrument. Changing the phase of the

HP

E1440A will then cause the phase between the two instruments to change accordingly.

In this case the phase relationships of the two instruments are not calibrated, just locked.

For square wave frequencies below 25 kHz, phase changes greater than

25'

may result in a phase shift of amount.

The phase limit is

After entering a phase shift, the new phase may be assigned the zero-phase position; subsequent changes in phase are made with reference to this value.

Value Coupling

General

Value coupled commands are managed by means of command groups as illustrated in Table 4-5 and Figure 4-3.



Table 4-5. El440 Command Group Assignment

Command



Note

(*)

Param. evaluation deferred until "FREQ:MODE SWE" is set.

$

(**)

Param. evaluation deferred until "FREQ:MODE LIST" is set.

(***)

Param. evaluation deferred until "FREQ:MODE SWE" or

"FREQ:MOD LIST" is set.

All

commands that have the same command group (except 0) are coupled. The following commands are un coupled:

rn

All commands in group 0

All queries

All common commands

The pseudo command 'program message terminator'

<CR/LF>

The algorithm used to manage value coupled commands is described in pseudo code, see Listing below for the pseudo code and for an example. The following pseudo variables and functions are used in the description

:

Variable Description

LAST-GROUP is the group-id of the most recent received command, it is set to 0 after power on.

THIS-GROUP is the group id of the current command.

CLEAN-UP() is a routine that executes pending commands.

STORE() is a routine that 'stores' pending commands.

EXEC() is a routine that executes the current command.

Example if

(

LAST-GROUP

==

0 )

if

(

THIS-GROUP

==

0

)

C

;

3

else

C

(1

;

LAST-GROUP

=

THIS-GROUP

;

3

else

{

/ *

LAST-GROUP

!= 0 ,

commands are pending

*/

if

(

THIS-GROUP

!=

LAST-GROUP

)

C

CLEAN-UP

(1

;

if

(

THIS-GROUP

==

0 )

C

EXEC

;


HP E1440A 4-1 1


>

else

LAST-GROUP

=

THIS-GROUP

;

3

else

(

/ *

THIS-GROUP

==

LAST-GROUP

&

LAST-GROUP

! =

0

* /

;

1

3

Figure 4-3. Handling of Value Coupled Commands

For ease of understanding, exception handling is not shown in the pseudo code.

In words

:

An execution error in EXEC() discards the current command and sets LAST-GROUP to 0.

An execution error in CLEAN-UP() discards all pending commands and sets LAST-GROUP t o 0.

A parser error forces execution of

all

pending commands and sets

LAST-GROUP to 0.

Example of processing value coupled commands

Assume a program message composed of commands with the following group assignments ( s u f i )

:

AO; B1; C1; DO; E2; F2; G3; H3 <CR/LF>

Such a program message would be processed in the following manner:

A

:

THIS-GROUP=O, LAST-GROUP (assumed)=O, A is executed.

B

:

THIS-GROUP

!=

0, LAST-GROUP == 0,

B is made pending.

C

:

THIS-GROUP == LAST-GROUP != 0, C is made pending.

D

:

THIS-GROUP

==

0

!=

LAST-GROUP,

B

and C are executed, D is executed.

E

:

THIS-GROUP != 0, LAST-GROUP == 0,

E

is made pending.

F

:

THIS-GROUP

==

LAST-GROUP

!= 0,

F

is made pending.

G

:

THIS-GROUP

!=

0

!=

LAST-GROUP, E and F are executed,

G is made pending.

H

:

THIS-GROUP == LAST-GROUP != 0, H is made pending.

<CR/LF>

:

all

pending commands (G and H) are executed.

-C

4-12



Sweep

For the sweep systems, a second level of evaluation delay

is

implemented. Sweep parameter conflicts (with 'outer' parameters, e.g. FUNCtion) are not evaluated (no error is generated) as long as they are not 'active7.

Sweep parameters are active when they are used in a sweep and when the FREQuency:MODE is set to SWEep or LIST.

In

other words, a sweep parameter error (e.g. stopfreq. too high for function) is not generated until the interval containing the parameter is selected for sequencing and FREQ:MODE is set away from CWIFIXed.

This implementation allows a programmer to change the output function temporarily, without having to re-program dozens of parameters, if he does not want to sweep this function.

Example

:

Assume a user has set up 50 intervals, all sweeping in the range of

10 to 21 MHz, and he wants to switch the waveform to triangle temporarily. In a strict approach this is not allowed unless he reprograms dl

50 intervals, because the maximum frequency for output function triangle is 11

kHz.

b

Functional Coupling

[:SOURce]:FREQuency

Setting the frequency through its CW node switches

FREQ:MODE

[:CW]

to CW.

[:SOURce]:ROSCillator

Setting the reference oscillator source switches

:SOURce

[SOURce]:ROSCillator:AUTO to OFF.

[:SOURce]:SWEep

Setting the sweep retrace time switches

:TIME:RETRace [SOURce]:SWEep:TIME:RETRace:AUTO



Programming Pitfalls

Certain combinations of commands and changes of values, can cause conflict within the instrument. Sometimes, this is merely because the instrument refers to a stored value that is no longer compatible. The known pitfalls detailed in this section should be of help.

Sweep

When the instrument is controlled by the sweep or list subsystem several commandsJqueries are not allowed. Table 4-6 shows all commands and whether they (or their query) is allowed/has a special effect when issued while the instrument is in FREQ:MODE

SWEEP or in FREQ:MODE LIST. The commands are given in their short form with optional command nodes deleted; trailing ellipses

("

. . .

") on a command, indicate that the table entry is valid for all sub commands that might follow the command. Command aliases

(e-g. VOLT

I

POW

I

CURR) are not shown.

I

Table 4-6.

Illegal El440 Commands in FREQMODE LIST

/

SWEEP

Command Mode sweep cmd

-

-

Mode

List cmd

(1)

-

-

-

-

(2)

-

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

-

-

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

ILL

-

-

ILL

-



Table

4-6.

Illegal El440 Commands in FREQ:MODE LIST

/

SWEEP

(continued)

Command

*SRE

*STB

*IDN

*

WAI

*OPC

*RST

*SAV

*RCL

*TST

*OPT

.AM:STAT

:PM:STAT

:OUTP

:OUTP:AMPL

:OUTP:TTLT<

:OUTP:TTLT<

:OUTP:TTLT<

:PHASe

:PHAS:STEP

:PHAS:REF

:PHAS:UNIT

:CAL

:STAT:

. . .

:SYST:

.

. .

*CLS

*ESE

*ESR

Mode sweep cmd

-

-

-

-

ILL

ILL

ILL

-

ILL

-

-

NAP

-

-

-

-

-

-

NAP

NAP

-

-

-

ILL

-

NAP

NAP

NAP

-

-

-

-

-

-

NAP

NAP

-

-

-

ILL

-

NAP

NAP

Mode List cmd

-

-

-

ILL

ILL

ILL

-

ILL

-

-

-

The symbols in the table have the following meaning

:

(1)

INIT is legal IN MODE sweepjlist ONLY. An error is generated if it is received while in mode

CW

I

FIX, or while a sweep is already running.

(2)

If a frequency is entered while in mode sweepllist then the frequency mod is switched t o CW.

NAP Not Applicable, that means that either the query only, or the non-query form of a command exists.

ILL

ILLegal, the commandjquery is not allowed. In the case of a query, a fake value of 0.0 is returned but an error is generated.



Minimal

MARKer

When setting up a sweep with markers in it, or a list sweep with

distances

intervals with markers in it, a minimum distance must be observed between START

-

b

MARKER, MARKER

-

b

MARKER and

MARKER

-

b

STOP. Unfortunately this minimum distance is not a fixed frequency distance, but a fixed TIME distance of

1.5

msec.

The minimal frequency distance is determined by the sweep frequency span

(

ABS(ST0P-START)

) and the sweep (dwell) time.

The equation is

:

Example

:

:FREQ:START 1 kHz ;

:FREQ:STOP

3

kHz ;

:SWE:TIME

2 m i n - d i s t [ H z ]

=

(2000[Hz]

*

I . ~ E - ~ )

2[sec]

The pitfall here is that one can turn a legal marker into an illegal marker, by touching nothing except the sweep (dwell) time.

Example

2

:

(identical but sweep time is significantly shorter)

:FREQ:START

1 kHz ;

:FREQ:STOP 3 kHz ;

:SWE:TIME

0.1

I

FUNC TTL and FUNC

For the output FUNCtions TTL and DC, some instrument

DC limitations

parameters are fixed. The commands affected for FUNCtion TTL are

VOLT and VOLT:OFFS, the commands affected for FUNCtion DC are FREQ and VOLT.

If FUNCtion is TTL

:

:VOLT <value>

:VOLT?

:VOLT:OFFS <value>

:VOLT:OFFS?

-> error

-> error, fixed return is

2.4

(typical TTL level)

-> error


0.0

If FUNCtion is DC

:

:FREQ <value>

:FREQ?

:VOLT <value>

:VOLT?

-> error


0.0

-> error


0.0

4-16 Understanding the

HP

E1440A


-

:VOLT <value> <unit>

/

The

El440

accepts three different 'base units' in the

:VOLT:

UN

IT

~ ~ m m a n d -

VOLT

V

(

Volts peak

- peak

)

VRMS

(

Volts root mean square

) dBm

( dB ref. t o

1 mW on

50R

- 0 dBm-b

1 mW on

5OR)

There are two ways t o tell the instrument which unit to use: set the default unit via :VOLT:UNIT command. (e.g.

':VOLT:UNIT dBm;') append the unit string t o the parameter in the :VOLT command.

(e.g. ':VOLT

1.3 dBm;')

A unit appended to the :VOLT command has higher priority than the default unit, however the default unit is NOT changed by the

:VOLT command.

To keep track of all this, the instrument deals internally with two units. One is the default unit (entered via ':VOLT:UNIT7), the other is the so-called effective unit (entered implicitly via ':VOLT7). The effective unit is not queryable by the user but has a much higher impact on the instrument operation than the default unit.

The default unit is used in only two situations :

When a VOLT command has no unit then effective = default.

All query responses are given in the default unit.

The effective unit is used when

:

rn

the volt value is checked against bounds. (observe that the transformation rules from dBm or VRM to V are different for different output functions. The hardware limits are V

- limits!) an attempt is made to switch the output amplifier on, this is not possible when the real unit is dBm! (the dBm value is only correct for a

5 0 0

load, and the output amplifier cannot drive a

5 0 0

load.) the output function is changed. The instrument always keeps the output voltage in the effective unit: that means that the volt peak-peak value for example, measured on the output connector, changes when the FUNCtion is changed from SIN to SQU and the effective unit is not V.

This implementation

- although straightforward

- might lead to little confusion when not understood. It is quite usual for the following odd-looking thing t o happen :

Error 'NO dBm allowed when output amplifier is active' on command

':AMPL ON' and response for ':VOLT:UNIT?' is 'V'.

REASON : effective unit is dBm.



and

*OPC?

Both commands cause the command parser t o stop parsing further commands until a currently running sweep terminates. If one uses these commands without care, the instrument might enter a state where it appears t o have 'hung up'.

There are two things to consider:

First, sweeps can

be

incredibly long. Especially i n

LIST

sweep, one might sequence up to 100 intervals and each interval might have a dwell time of up to 100000 seconds. This means a 'full blown' LIST sweep might last for up t o 10E6 seconds (about 116 days!).

Second, a continuous sweep (1NIT:CONT ON) NEVER stops!

To bring a HP El440 back t o life, that has been blocked by a command such as:

'FREQ:MODE SWE;:INIT:CONT ON;*WAI..

. .

<more commands

> '

('<more commands>' might be whatever You want

- it does not matter because it will never be seen by the parser) issue a <Device Clear> or <Selected Device Clear> command to the instrument. Using

HP

Rocky Mountain BASIC this can be done as follows:

1000

!

El440 is at VXIbus address 70911

1010

!

(Select code of controllers VXIbus interface card

:

7

)

1020

!

(Primary VXIbus address of Slot

0 commander

:

09

)

1030

!

(El440 logical address = 88 right shifted 3 bits

:

11

)

1040

!

1050 CLEAR 7 ! All instruments connected to this

1060

!

VXIbus receives a

DCL.

1080

CLEAR

70911

!

El440 alone is cleared.

Connections

Connection to other VXI mainframe modules or external test equipment, is achieved through the front panel BNC connectors in a conventional way.

4-18 Understanding the

HP E1440A



Using This Chapter

This chapter describes the Standard Commands for Programmable

Instruments (SCPI) commands and indicates the IEEE 488.2 common

(*) commands that are applicable t o the HP E1440A

Synthesizer. The chapter contains the following main sections:

rn rn rn rn

Command Types

.............................................................

5-1

The SCPI Command Parser

..............................................

5-2

SCPI Command Reference

................................................

IEEE 488.2 Commands for the HP E1440A

5-8

......................

5-29

Command Types

Commands are separated into two types: IEEE 488.2 Common

Commands and SCPI Commands.

SCPl Command Format

The SCPI commands perform functions for making measurements and setting output levels, or data retrieval. A command subsystem structure is hierarchical, usually consisting of a top (root) level command, with one or more low level commands and their parameters. The following example shows a typical subsystem:

SOURce is the root command, VOLTage, POWer are secondary level commands and LEVel, UNIT are third level commands. The precise syntax for these commands and others, is given later in this chapter.

Command Separator

A colon

(:) always separates one command from the next lower level command as shown below:

:SOURce:VOLTage:LEVel <CR/LF> (return)


5-1


The SCPl command

The

HP

E1440A

firmware contains a piece of software, called the

parser

SCPI command parser, which is responsible for decoding the program strings entering the instrument. For efficient programming of the instrument, it is helpful t o understand how this parser operates.

Definition of terms

Before explaining the parser operation, we should explain some of the terms used in the text.

Common commands

/

SCPI commands

There are two command types understood by the

E1440,

common commands and SCPI commands.

w

Common commands all begin with an asterisk

('*').

They are organized in a non-hierarchical ('flat') manner.

A common command is allowed where a program message unit (see below) is allowed.

Common commands do not affect the current base node (see below).

w

SCPI commands are all those commands that do not begin with an asterisk. They are organized hierarchically.

Note

Program message

A

program message consists of one or more program message units

(see below) separated by program message unit separators (semicolon

(';') and terminated by a program message terminator (carriage return

- line feed (abbreviated as

<CR/LF>) sequence).

An example for a program message is :

':VOLT:OFFS 1 V ; :FREQ 5 kHz <CR/LF>'

3

As you see, the final

'<CR/LF7)

';'

(which should be between

'

. . . kHz' and can be omitted.

This program message actually consists of two program message units:

':VOLT:OFFS 1 V' and ':FREQ 5 kHz'

Program message unit (command)

A program message unit is what we commonly call a command. The term 'command' is used below, because it sounds more familiar and is not as typing-intensive as 'program message unit7.

A command consists of one or more command nodes (see below) separated by colons

0:').

The first command node might be prepended by a colon as well, but that has a special effect. If a command has a parameter, then the parameter must be separated by at least one space character (no tab) from the end node (see

-

--

5-2 Command Reference


below).

If

the command is

a

query,

then

a question mark

('?') must immediately follow the end node without a space.

An example for a command is :

':VOLT:OFFS

1

V7

This command consist of two command nodes

:

'VOLT7 and

'OFFS7

Command node

Command nodes are the short mnemonic words that are chained together to form commands. Nodes can usually be given in a short form or in a long form; the two forms are indicated by upper/lower case typing in the language reference.

The entry 'FREQuency7 in the language reference, for instance, means that either 'FREQ7 or 'FREQUENCY' might be used but nothing else, for instance 'FREQU' is not allowed.

Notice that case in the language reference, is for clarification only

- the parser is NOT case sensitive, 'freq', 'FREQ' or 'FrEq7 are all the same.

Optional node

An optional node is a node that, as the name implies, can be supplied or not. Optional nodes are shown within square brackets in the language reference.

Given the following command definition

:

('VOLTage7, 'POWer7 and

'CURRent7 are synonyms; they have exactly the same meaning.)

:VOLTage

I

POWer

I

CURRent

[:LEVel]

[:IMMediate]

[:AMPLitude] <numeric value>

:OFFSet <numeric value>

:UNIT

V

I

DBM

(

VRMS the following commands are

all

equivalent :

Although they are equivalent in their effect on the instrument hardware, they are not equivalent for the parser (see current base node).


5-3


End node

The end node is simply the last command node in a command

STRING.

Example

:

':VOLT..

.

. .' end node is 'VOLT'.

':VOLT:AMPL..

. . .' end node is 'AMPL'.

Implied root node

The implied root node is a theoretical, unnamed and not really existent command node, that prepends all root-level command nodes of a given SCPI language.

Example

: the partial command ref.

[:IMMediate] <event

>

:CONTinuous <boolean>

:AB

ORt <event

> can be equated to:

<root

>

:INITiate

Remember

The <root> node does not really exist. Do not try programming strings such as ":ROOT:INIT"

Current base node

The current base node is a virtual node like the <root> node. It is a role that many nodes can play temporarily during the process of parsing.

The current base node is not in the language definition, it is in the parser. It is the node from where the parser starts when it tries to match an incoming command string against the language definition.

How the parser works

In this section we deal with the parsing of program messages and program message units (commands) only.

Parameters (numbers, suffixes, enumerated values) have t o be parsed too of course, but this is quite straightforward and is not discussed here.

The base operation of the parser is quite simple

:

Accept input characters until a node is gathered (until

':') check the gathered node is below the current base node, skip optional nodes if necessary.

5-4



IF

node is ok

AND

node is potential end node,

AND

blank

(' ') follows

AND

command takes parameter,

THEN

parse parameter.

IF

node is ok AND node is potential end node AND question mark

('?') follows AND command has query form, THEN do query.

IF

node is ok AND node is not end node AND colon

(':') follows

THEN gather next node..

. . . . .

ELSE generate syntax error.

A complication is introduced by the current base node. However the rules that determine which node is the current base node, are very simple:

After reset, any syntax error, receipt of a program message terminator (<CR/LF>) and if a command starts with a colon(':') the root node is the current base node.

H

After successful parsing (and execution) of a command, the node in front of the end node of the command string, becomes the current base node for the next program message unit. If the command consisted of only one node then the current base node is untouched.

Example

In case this might sound a little complex, an example should help.

Assume the following language definition

:

:ABORt <event

>

[:

S OURce]

:VOLTage

I

POWer

1

CURRent

[:LEVel]

[:IMMediate]



:UNIT V

1

DBM

1

VRMS

Again, keep in mind that the <root> node does not exist in reality.

Assume further that after power on, <root> is the current base node.

Now the following programming string is sent to the instrument

:

Inside the parser :

H

':VOLT:UNIT' is found under current base node <root> (the optional node 'SOURce7 has been skipped), the parameter ('DBM7) is parsed and the command is executed without error.

b

':VOLT7 is the new current base node.

H

'LEV' is found under the current base node ':VOLT7, the optional nodes 'IMM7 and 'AMPL' are skipped, the parameter '1' is parsed

Command Reference 5-5


and the command is executed without error.

The command 'LEV' has only one node, therefore the current base node is not changed.

rn

'OFFS' is found under the current base node ':VOLT7 (the optional nodes 'LEV' and 'IMM' have been skipped), the parameter

'0.5' is parsed and the command is executed without error.

The command 'OFFS' has only one node, therefore the current base node is not changed.

rn

The colon

0:') prepending 'ABOR' is seen.

b

<root> is the new current base node,

rn

'ABOR' is found under the current base node <root>, the command takes no arguments and executes without error.

The command 'ABOR' has only one node, therefore the current base node is not changed.

rn

The program message terminator ('<CR/LF>') is seen.

b

<root> is the new current base node.

One final note:

The term 'command executes' means that the command is executed from the point of view of the parser.

If

You look at it as an instrument user, you should refer t o the section "Value coupling" in chapter 4 for more information about command execution.

Parameters

Parameter types.The following table contains explanations and examples of parameter types which might be encountered later on in this chapter.

Parameter

Explanations and Examples

Numeric Accepts all commonly used decimal representations of numbers including optional signs, decimal points, and scientific notation.

123, 123E2, -123, -1.23E2, 0.123, 1.23E-2, 1.23000E-01.

Special cases include MIN, and MAX.

Boolean

Represents a single binary condition that is either true or false, parameters are ON/OFF or 110

(1 and ON are synonymous).

Event

1

Identifies a command which has no parameter.

I

Discrete

Selects from a finite number of values. These parameters

1 I use mnemonics to represent each valid setting.

An example is [:SOURce]:FUNCtion

<output function>

command, where

output function

could be "TRI" or "SIN".

w



Optional

Command Nodes:

Parameters shown between square

([

I) brackets are optional parameters (The brackets are not part of the command and are not sent t o the instrument

.)

If

you do not specify a value for an optional parameter, then the instrument chooses a default value. For example, consider the

[:SOURce]:FUNCtion[:SHAPe]

command accompanied by the

TRIangle parameter. This would be sent to specify a saw tooth output waveform. The command could be sent as :SOUR:FUNC

TRI, or :FUNC:SHAP TRI, or :FUNC TRI. Each form is correct. Be sure to place a space between the command and it's parameter.

Linking Commands

Linking

IEEE

488.2 Common Commands with

SCPI

Commands.

Use a semicolon between commands. For example:

*RST;:OUTPut:TTLTrgS ON

Linking Multiple SCPI Commands.

Use both a semicolon and a colon between commands. For example:

:SOURce:VOLTage:UNIT V;:VOLTage:AMPLitude 2.5

Common Command

The IEEE 488.2 standard defines the Common commands that

Format

perform universal functions such as reset, self-test, status byte query etc. Common commands are always four or five characters in length, always begin with the asterisk

(*) character, and may include one or more parameters. The command keyword is separated from the first parameter by a space character. Some examples of Common commands are:

*RST,

*STB?,

*ESR



ABORt

SCPl Command

Reference

ABORt

This section describes the Standard Commands for Programmable

Instruments (SCPI commands) that may be used for the

HP E1440A.

Commands are listed alphabetically by subsystem and also within each subsystem.

ABORt

The ABORt command subsystem removes the synthesizer from the

INITiate state and places it in an idle state.

Subsystem Syntax

:ABORt <event>

Comments

Related commands:

:INITiate:CONTinuous, :INITiate[:IMMediate]

rn *RST Condition:

After a reset, the synthesizer acts as though an

:ABORt has occurred

:ABORt cancels any impending commands

Example

Stopping a Sweep with :ABORt

Program

10 OUTPUT 70911;

"

INIT:

20 OUTPUT 70911; ":FREq:MODE SWE"

30 OUTPUT 70911; ":ABORV

Result

Select continuous sweep and initialize

Sets in sweep made and starts immediately

Sweep stops and resets, then restarts immediately or:

10

OUTPUT 70911; ":INIT:CONT OFF"

20

OUTPUT 70911; ":FREq:MODE SWE"

30 OUTPUT 70911; ":INIT"

40 OUTPUT 70911; ":ABORU

Select single sweep

Sets to sweep mode (sweep is in reset state)

Sweep starts

Sweep stops and is set t o reset state, (asynchronous)

5-8



CALibration CALibration

'c-

CALibration

The CALibrate subsystem performs a system calibration. In the

HP

E1440A

, only one implementation (:ALL?) is supported, which allows the command module to calibrate and check the synthesizer.


:CALibration[:ALL]? (Query only)

Comments

Related commands: [:ALL]

rn

:CAL? Performs a full calibration of the synthesizer. The query response is a zero if calibration is successful, and a non-zero number (error code), accompanied by an error message, if calibration is unsuccessful.

CAL?

Results

Possible responses to the :CAL? command are listed below. The

':CAL?' response is a single number that is to be interpreted as enumeration.

For the user the actual value of the calibration result is of minor interest, the main distinction here is 'zero or non-zero'. However, the actual value should be reported to the service people.

Code

0

3

Meaning

No error detected during calibration.

Level comparator is defect. Hardware stated out that compare level is, at the same time, above signal high peak and below signal low peak.

Level never below low signal. It is not possible to set the compare level lower than the signal low peak.

Level never above low signal. It is not possible to set the compare level higher than the signal low peak.

4

Level never above high signal. It is not possible to set the compare level higher than the signal high peak.

Level never below high signal. It is not possible to set the compare level lower than the signal high peak.

Calibration offset and/or gain value is out of range.

The correction factors for the amplitude

/ amplitude offset correction that were found during the calibration are out of range. That means that with these values it is not possible t o reach the maximum output voltages without exceeding the capabilities of the internal analog signal circuitry.

AC ripple on DC signal is too high. For output function DC only-the AC ripple of the DC output signal is out of specified limits.



CALibration CALibration

Self test was called while instrument was in

:FREQ:MODE SWEEP or

LIST. This

is a meta-error message, the calibration did not fail-it is just illegal to call it in :FREQ:MODE

SWEEPILIST. Note that no calibration has been done!

5-10



-

INlTiate


The :INITiate command subsystem controls

the

initiation of the sweep generator for one cycle. INITiate enables the module whilst

ABORt disables it.

:CONTinuous

:INITiate:CONTinuous ONJOff1110 enables or disables continuous sweep or waveform output from the

HP

E1440A

.

Parameters

Parameter

Parameter

I

Range of

Name

ONIOFF(110

Comments

w

Continuous Sweep Operation:

Continuous sweep is enabled with the :INIT:CONT ON or :INIT:CONT 1 command.

w rn

Non Continuous Operation:

Non Continuous operation of the

HP

E1440A is enabled with the :INIT:CONT OFF or

:INIT:CONT 0 command.

Stopping Continuous Sweep:

Send the

":INIT:CONT 0FF;:ABORt

" command.

Related Commands:

[:IMMediate]

The :INITiate:IMMediate command causes the module to start a sweep immediately.

Comments

r

If the instrument is not in an idle state, then this command has no effect and an error code is generated

:INIT[:IMM] is an event and therefore has no *RST state. A *RST command will however set the instrument t o idle.

w

If :INIT:CONT OFF is selected, when :INIT[:IMM] is commanded, the system is enabled for one cycle only. The instrument then reverts t o idle awaiting another :INIT[:IMM] command.

w

If :INIT:CONT ON is selected, the instrument starts sweeping as soon as it enters :FREQ:MODE, SWEep or LIST

Command Reference 5- 11


OUTPut OUTPut

OUTPut


:OUTPut

:[STATe] <boolean>

:AMPLify

[:STATe] <boolean>

:TTLTrg<n>

[:

S TATe] <boolean>

:SOURce SYNClMARKer

:AOFF <event

>

[:STATe]

:OUTPut [:STATe]

ONlOFFlllO enables or disables the

HP

E1440A output signal at the front panel BNC connector.

Parameters

The :OUTPut command subsystem controls how the

HP

E1440A

output signal is made available. In it's simplest form the command

:OUTPut ON (or I), or :OUTPut OFF (or 0), switches the

HP E1440A output signal at the front panel BNC connector.

Parameter Parameter Range of

1

Name

/

e

1

Vaives

1

- - -

ONIOFFIl/O boolean ONlOFFlllO

Comments

rn

F'ront Panel Output: Is

available with the :OUTP ON or :OUTP 1 command.

F'ront Panel Output:

Is removed from the front panel output BNC connector with the :OUTP OFF or :OUTP 0 command

rn Related Commands:

AMPLify [:STATe]

,

:TTLTrg<n>:SOURce:MARKer, :TTLTrg<n>:AOFF

*RST Condition:

OUTPut[:STATe] OFF (no output available)

Note

The SYNC output is not affected by the OUTPut command, it is always active

5-12



OUTPut

OUTPut

[:STATe]?

OUTP[:STAT]?

queries the

HP

E1440A

to discover whether an output is meant to be available at the front panel connector.

:AMPLify

High Voltage Option 001

The :OUTP:AMPL[:STAT] command takes a boolean argument and switches the Option 001 high-voltage amplifier into the output signal path. This amplifier has a fixed amplification factor of 4.

Parameters

1

Parameter Parameter

1

Range

of

I

Name

Type

Values

ONlOFFlllO boolean ONlOFFlllO

Comments

rn

The high-voltage amplifier is specified for a load of 500 normal output impedance is 50

0. a, the

rn

The HP E1440A treats the high-voltage amplifier as an external accessory. This means that the programmed output voltage is not changed when the high-voltage amplifier is switched ON or OFF, but the output level will increase or decrease by a factor of four.

When queried, the HP E1440A responds with the true output voltage, provided the impedance of the connected device matches that of the module.

rn

The high-voltage amplifier is an installable option, if it is not installed, an error is generated. See *OPT? in

Common Commands

section later in this chapter.

rn

The high-voltage amplifier has a maximum frequency of 1MHz. It cannot be switched on if :FREQ

>

1MHz. Whilst it is ON, :FREQ is limited to SlMHz.



OUTPut OUTPut

:TiLTrg<n>[:STATe]

This command controls the TTL <n> trigger line driver output.

The

suffix <n> is in the range 0 t o 7.

Parameters

Parameter Parameter

Range of

I

Name

1

Type

1

Values

1

Comments

w

:TTLTrg ON/1:

The TTL line is driven by the

HP

E1440A

w

:TTLTrg

OFF/O:

The TTL line driver is in a high impedance sta and the line is available t o be used by another test instrument

w

Every TTL trigger line is associated with one of two possible sources (see next sub-command).

w

The HP E1440A limits the number of "ON" TTL lines to one per source.

:TTLTrg<n>:SOURce

This command selects the source for the TTL trigger line <n> driver output. The suffix <n> is in the range 0 to 7.

Parameters

Parameter

SYNC

Note

MARKer

Description

If the specified TTL line driver is enabled, the TTL output is driven by the SYNC signal. Only one driver linked to SYNC may be enabled at a time.

If the specified TTL line driver is enabled, the line is driven by the sweepllist marker signal. Only one driver linked to MARKer may be enabled at a time.

1. It is permissible t o have one SYNC and one MARKer signal set to

$

ON at the same time. But two or more SYNCIMARK lines set to

ON at the same time is not allowed.

2. The VXI back plane limits the TTL-trigger signal t o a frequency of SlOMHz. If one TTLTrig is ON and has SOURce SYNC, then the maximum frequency of the instrument is 10MHz. If current FREQ is

>10MHz, then no SYNC trigger can be switched ON.

w

:TiLTrg<n>:AOFF

This command switches OFF

all

TTL trigger lines.

5- 14 Command Reference


-

[SOURce]

[:SOURce]

[SOURce]

This command is the

main

command for the

HP

E1440A and it has many subsets described below. The command is an implied command followed by a parameter specifying the type of signal source.


:VOLTage

I

: P o w e r

I

:CURRent

[:LEVel]

[:IMMediate]



:UNIT V

1

DBM

I

VRMS

Comments

[:SOUR]:VOLT POW CURR

Specify the type of signal source and amplitude characteristics. VOLT, POWer and CURRent are synonymous.

rn

[:LEV]

Is an optional command which controls the signal amplitude level when the instrument is operating in a continuous or fixed mode.

rn

[:IMM]

Is optional. The command is used t o indicate that the next command should be processed without waiting for further commands.

m

[:AMPL]

This command is implied by a numeric value following the type (Volt, Current, Power) parameter. It sets the actual magnitude of the un swept output signal. The command may be used to specify the level for either a time varying or non time-varying signal.

If

:OFFSet is also specified, then [:AMPLI is used to specify a time-varied signal.

rn

:VOLT:OFFS

Specifies the non time-varying component of a signal that is added t o the time-varied signal specified by [:AMPL]. Offset is always specified in volts.

rn

:VOLT:UNIT

Defines the default unit for amplitude and should therefore, precede the amplitude numeric value. This unit is also the unit in which queried values are reported.

Command

Reference

5-15


[:SOURce]:AM

This command allows an external amplitude modulation signal to be applied to the synthesizer circuit of the

HP

E1440A.


[:SOURce]

:AM

:STATe <boolean>

Parameters


1

Name

1

Type

1

Values

1


Comments

External

AM: Is enabled with the :AM:STAT ON or :AM:STAT

1 command. Using this command does not automatically turn OFF any other external modulation signal that may be in use.

Disable

AM:

Is disabled with the :AM:STAT OFF or :AM:STAT 0 command.

Related command:

*RST (sets to OFF).

The command is only allowed with :FUNC SIN.



-

[SOURce]

:FREQuency

This command defines the frequency characteristics of an output signal.


[:SOURcel

:FREQuency

[:CW

1

FIXed] <numeric value>

:MODE CW

I

FIXed

(

SWEep

I

LIST

:STOP <numeric value>

:SPAN <numeric value>

:HOLD <boolean>

:LINK CENTer

I

STARt

(

STOP

:FULL <event

>

:FREQuency[:CW

I

This command sets non-swept frequency of the instrument output

:FIX&]

signal. The value is specified by a digital number representing Hz i.e.

10000 specifies

10kHz.

:FREQuency:MODE

Determines which set of commands control the frequency subsystem.

The settings have the following meanings:

rn CW

I

FIXed: the frequency is determined by :FREQ[:CW] or

:FREQ[:FIX].

rn rn

Sweep: The source is in swept mode and frequency is determined by :FREQ:STAR, :STOP, :CENT and :SPAN

LIST: The source is in list sequence mode and frequency is determined by the :LIST:FREQ command.

:FREQuency :STARt

These two commands set the start and stop frequencies for a sweep.

:STOP

Changing the start frequency will change the centre and span settings but not the stop.



:FREQuency:CENTer

Sets the center frequency of

a

sweep. Changing

the

center frequency will alter the start and stop but not the span if the command is not accompanied by other commands. When more than two settings are issued in one message, only the last two will be effective.

:FREQuency:SPAN

This command sets the frequency span. Changing the span alters the start and stop but not center. When more than two span values are issued in one message, only the last two will be effective. The SPAN command has three sub commands as follows:

:FREQ:SPAN:HOLD

The hold command provides a facility for maintaining the span frequency as set, so that it is not altered by variations in other associated settings, such as STARt and

CENTer. Hold has boolean values ON and OFF. When :HOLD:ON is specified, Span can only be changed by issuing a new :SPAN value.

:FREQ:SPAN:LINK

This command allows the default coupling for

Span to be overridden. Link selects a parameter which is either

CENTer, STARt or STOP, that shall not be changed when the value of SPAN changes. For example, if Link is set to STARt, then changing Span causes Center and Stop t o change but not Start.

:FREQ:SPAN:FULL

When this command is received, the Start frequency is set t o the minimum available value and Stop is set to the maximum value. This provides a sweep setting that encompasses the full instrument range. Center and Span will be set to their coupled values. :FULL is an event and therefore has no associated query or reset value.

There is a difference between :FREQ:SPAN:FULL and

:FREQ:SPAN MAX. The former command sets START to MIN and STOP to MAX whilst probably changing the SPAN and

CENTER. The latter command enlarges the SPAN but maintains

CENTER, i.e. SPAN expands equally either side of CENTER until either STARt or STOP reaches its currently allowed limit.

1



-

[:SOURce]:FU NCtion

The [:SOURce]:FUNCtion command subsystem controls the shape

and attributes of the HP E1440A output signal.


[:S OURce]

:FUNCtion

[:SHAPe] DC

I

SINusoid

1

SQUare

(

TRIangle

I

RUP IRDOWn

(TTL

Comments

The following signal characteristics may be specified using the

:FUNCtion:SHAPe command:

rn

:DC The value is unchanging with respect to time.

rn rn rn

:SINusoid

A

sinusoidal waveform is specified.

:SQUare

A square wave signal is specified.

:TRIangle A triangular (sawtooth) waveform is specified.

rn rn

:RUP The output signal will have the same frequency and amplitude as a TRI waveform but it steadily ramps upwards from zero and returns sharply t o zero again.

:RDOWn The output signal will steadily ramp downwards from zero, and returns sharply t o zero again.

:TTL

The TTL function is somewhat different to all of the output functions because if FUNC = TTL, the main signal is disconnected

(as if OUTP

OFF).

The only active signal output is the SYNC output. The purpose of FUNC TTL is t o supply a TTL compatible signal on the SYNC output that has

a

much larger frequency range than the "true" output functions

(

1pHz to 6OMHz).

Command

Reference

5-19


[:SOURce]:LIST

The List command subsystem controls automatic sequencing through associated lists of specified signal values which are specified by the LIST command. The individual points defined in the list are combined to produce one composite signal configuration.


Note

:LIST

:FREQuency

:STARt <numeric list

>

:POINts? <query only>

:STOP <numeric list

>


:M ARKer <numeric list only>


:STATe <booleanlist>

:P OIN t s? <query only>

:SPACing din-log list

>


:DWELl <numericlist>


:SEQuence <extended numeric list

>


:LENGth? <query only>

d

The lists :FREQ:STAR

I

STOP

I

MARK, DWEL, SEQ, are not affected by *RST or SYSTTRE?? i.e. they do not change

--C

:LIST:FREQuency

This command lists the frequency points of the list set. The command has several subsets as follows:

:FREQuency:STARt

is a numeric list of the start frequency for each sweep of a multiple sweep. For example :FREQ:STAR 5,

1000, 10500 would specify three sweeps with individual start frequencies of 5Hz 1 kHz and 10.5kHz.

:FREQ:STAR:POIN?

would return the number of entries in the

START LIST.

:FREQuency:STOP

is a numeric list of the stop frequency for each sweep of a multiple sweep. This list must have an identical number of entries t o the start list and vice versa, unless the same value applies t o all entries, then the value need only be stated once and the parser will apply that value t o each sweep in turn.

-

5-20



:FREQuency:MARKer

is a numeric list structured in the same way as start and stop lists. The

:FREQ:MARK:STATe

command can be used with ON and

OFF

entries to correspond with the markers you require to be present or one entry ON or OFF that applies to all markers.

:FREQuency:SPACing

is a list similar t o the marker list but containing the entries LO G(arithmetic) or LIN(ear

) as required. As with the other lists, the number of entries must be the same and in the same order or one common value.

:LIST:DWELI

This command list specifies the dwell time occurances for the frequency lists. The Dwell time is the sweep time for the corresponding interval.

:LIST:SEQuence

This command takes the form of an extended numeric list separated by commas, containing numbers and/or ranges as shown in the example

Example

5, 2,

3,

4, 5, 12 or

5, (2:5), 12 (equivalent)

These numbers define a sequence for stepping through a list.

Individual points may be specified as many times as desired in a single sequence. The points specified by the command, are indexes into the lists. For example, if 3 was selected, the third point in the frequency, dwell, lists would be sequenced.The sequence list is separate and un associated with the other lists described above.

The command has two query functions associated with it:

w

:SEQuenee:POINts?

This query returns the number of steps that would be sequenced at run time, not the number of entries in the sequence. Example: (1:5)

b

5

w

:SEQuence:LENGth?

This query returns the number of entries in the internal sweep sequence array.

A number takes up one entry but a range takes up three entries. For example 1 (one entry), 2

(one entry), 3:10 (three entries) would return a length of

5 .

Although this value is of minor interest, it can be used to interrogate how much of the available sequence storage space (300 entries) has been used.

Command

Reference

5-21



The :MARKer command subsystem selects between different marker, and adjusts the marker settings. The suffix <n> selects a particular marker number t o which the command is applied. The default number is 1, the range is

1 to

9.

Comments

:MARKer[:STATe]

ON1 OfflllO enables or disables the specified marker.

Parameters


1

Name

I

Type

1

Values

1


rn

:MARKer[<n>]:FREQuency

Controls the absolute frequency at which the marker will appear.

:MARKer:AOFF

Turns all markers off.



-

[:SOURce]:PHASe

The :PHASe command subsystem allows control of the phase of the

output signal against a reference.


[:SOURce]

:PHASe

[:AD Just] <numeric value>

:STEP <numeric value>

:REFerence <event

>

:UNIT RADian

I

DEGree

Comments

:PHAse[:ADJust]

Controls the phase offset value relative to the reference. The command allows steps by substituting UP or

DOWN for the parameter.

:PHASe[:ADJust]:STEP

Controls the step size in radians.

DEGree or RADian suffix can be applied.

A

:PHASe:REFerence

Is an event which allocates the current phase to be the reference for future phase adjustments. This function is non-query able.

rn

:PHASe:UNIT

This command specifies the default unit (radian or degree). When querying a value without adding :UNIT?, only a numeric value will be returned. It is always advisable to use

:UNIT?

Example:

:PHASe?;:PHAS:UNIT? <CR (return)> may provide a response "24.3;DEGU



[SOURce]:PM

[SOURce]:PM

[:SOURce]:PM

The

:PM

command applies the phase modulation subsystem it is used to allow an external modulation signal to set the modulation controls of the HP E1440A and also the parameters associated with the modulating signal.


[:SOURce]

:PM

:STATe <boolean>

Parameters

I

I

Name Type

I

Values

boolean ONlOFFlllO

Comments

External PM: Is enabled with the :PM:STAT ON or :PM:STAT

1 command. Using this command does not automatically turn OFF any other external modulation signal that may be in use.

Disable PM: Is disabled with the :PM:STAT OFF or :PM:STAT

0 command.

Related command: "RST (sets to OFF).



The :ROSCillator command subsystem controls the reference oscillator.


[:SOURce]

:ROSCillator

:SOURce INTernal

:AUTO <boolean>

1

EXTernal

1

CLK 10

I

ONCE

Comments

H

:ROSC:SOUR

Controls selection of the oscillator to which the

HP E1440A is to be locked. The parameters have the following meanings

:

INTernal The internal crystal reference source is used.

EXTernal The

HP

E1440A is locked t o an external reference source applied via the BNC connector on the front panel. If no external reference signal can be detected, then the command is rejected and an error is generated. The signal toggles to INT if

EXT is specified again when the command is re-programmed.

This default is necessary in case the external source has been removed.

CLK

10

The 10

MHz

VXIbus mainframe generated reference is applied via the bus interface.

rn

:ROSC:AUTO The instrument determines what reference to use by the following algorithm: if external ref is detected, then use EXTERNAL else use INTERNAL.



[:SOURce]:SWEep

The :SWEep command subsystem controls the generation of a sweep signal output


[:SOURce]

:SWEep

:TIME <numeric value>

:RETRace <numeric value>

:AUTO <boolean>

I

ONCE

:DIRection UP

1

DOWN

:SWEep:TIME

This command sets the duration of the sweep. Using this command does not turn sweeping on, it merely specifies duration.

:SWEep:TIME:RETRace

This command is similar t o :TIME and sets the duration of the sweep retrace time.

Comments

:SWE:TIME:RETRace;

Defines the retrace time for SWEep and

LIST

:SWEep:TIME:RETRace:AUTO

has the following parameters:

ON:

RETRace adopts the same value as TIME and follows any change in the value of TIME.

OFF: RETRace is independent from TIME. Setting RETRace via the SWE:RETRace <num> command, switches AUTO to

OFF.

ONCE

Is equivalent to :AUTO:ON;:AUTO:OFF, then RETRace follows TIME and AUTO is OFF.

-



This

command

is

a reporting command which allows examination and manipulation of the various

HP

E1440A status registers.

Appendix

B Register Programming

explains the relationship and use of these registers. The commands t o access each register are always the same and are described below.

:STATus:OPERation

This command allows access t o the Operation Status register as detailed below in the syntax list.


STATUS

Comments

Note

[:EVENt]?

This query returns the contents of the event register associated with the status structure defined in the command.

Reading the event register automatically clears it's contents

m

:CONDition

This query returns the contents of the condition register associated with the status structure defined in the command. Reading the condition register is non-destructive.

:ENABle <integer number>

Sets the enable mask which allows true conditions in the event register, t o be reported in the summary bit. If a bit in the enable register is a associated event bit undergoes a transition to true, a positive transition will occur in the associated summary bit.

The parameter is a decimal number.

:ENABle?

This command is the query form of the above command, it always returns an <integer number> value.

:PTRansition <integer number>

:

Sets the positive transition filter.

After setting a bit in the positive transition filter, a "0" to

"1" transition in the corresponding bit of the associated condition register, causes a "1" to be written t o the associated bit of the corresponding event register.


Command Reference 5-29


rn

:PTRansition?

This command is the query form of the above

rn

command, it always returns an <integer number> value.

:NTRansition <integer number>: Sets the negative transition filter. After setting a bit in the negative transition filter, a "1" to

"0" transition in the corresponding bit of the associated condition register, causes a "1" to be written to the associated bit of the corresponding event register.


:NTRansition? This command is the query form of the above command, it always returns an <integer number> value.

:STATus:QUEStionable

This command allows the same operations on the QUESTIONABLE status register, as on the OPERATIONAL status register. The same list of sub commands are valid.

:STATus:QUEStionable

This command allows the same operations on the QUESTIONABLE

:FREQUENCY

FREQUENCY status register, as on the OPERATIONAL status register. The same list of sub commands are valid.

-

:STATus:PRESet

This command allows the status registers to be pre loaded with the following bit patterns.

Table

5-1.

Operation Status Register

ENAB All

0

PTR All 1

NTR

All

0

Table 5-2. Questionable Status Register

ENAB All

0

PTR All 1

NTR

All

0



Table 5-3. Questionable Frequency Register

ENAB

PTR

All 0

Bit 2 (main

VCO unlock)

1

NTR

All others

All

0

0

:STATUS


5-29


:SYSTem

This command collects the functions that are not related t o instrument performance, for example those that perform general houskeeping and contain information.


:SYSTem

:ERRor? <query only>

:PRESet <event>

:VERSion? <query only>

:SYSTem:ERRor?

The ERRor? command is a request for an error message from the error queue in the HP E1440A. This queue contains integers related to the type of error encountered (if any), in the form of an error number followed by a string describing the error and/or device dependent information. For example

-222, "Data out of range; Start

Frequency is too low".

Maximum length of a string is 255 characters.

The integer ranges from -32768 to 32767 and individual numbers within this range are fixed to, or reserved for, specific errors. In general, negative error numbers tend to be associated with command syntax type errors such as conflict between values specified within a command, which would cause execution errors. Positive error numbers are associated with instrument errors, whether they are hardware faults or attempts to 'misuse' the instrument. A zero value signifies NO ERRORS.

Refer to Appendix

E

Error Messages

for details of error strings.

As errors occur they are placed in an error queue on a FIFO (first in first out) basis from which they are read by the system controller.

1

:SYSTem:PRESet

This command sets the HP E1440A to its "local" state in a similar manner t o *RST (see following section on IEEE 488.2 Commands).

:SYSTem:VERSion?

The VERSion? command is a query only command that returns a language version identity with which the instrument parser is compatible i.e. it returns the level of SCPI with which it complies.


-


-

IEEE

488.2

Commands for

the

HP

E1440A

Table 5-4. Common Command Summary

Command Function

Clear Status

Standard Event Status Enable

Standard Event Status Enable Query

Standard Event Status Register Query

Identification Query

Operation Complete

Operation Complete Query

Recall setting n

Reset

Save setting n

Service Request Enable

Service Request Enable Query

Read Status Byte Query

Self Test Query

Wait to Continue

Command

Reference

5-31


*CLS

Clear status command.

Syntax

* a s

Definition

The *CLS command clears the following:

Error queue

Standard event status register (ESR)

Status byte register bit 5 (STB)

A service request

m

OCAS and OQAS (see IEEE 488.2 specification)

No changes are made to the following:

Status byte register bits

6,

4, 2-0

(STB)

Output queue

Event status enable register (ESE)

Service request enable register (SRE)

After the

*CLS

command the instrument is left in the idle state. The instrument setting is unaltered by the command, though *OPC/*OPC? actions are canceled.

If the "CLS command occurs directly after a program message terminator, the output queue and MAV, bit 4, in the status byte register are cleared, and if condition bits 2-0 of the status byte register are zero, MSS, bit 6 of the status byte register is also zero.

Related Command

SDc

Example

OUTPUT

70911 ;

5-32

Command

Reference


-

*ESE

Standard event status enable command.

Syntax

*ESE <value>

0

< value

5

255

Definition

The *ESE command sets bits in the standard event status enable register (ESE) which enable the corresponding bits in the standard event status register (ESR).

The register is cleared:

At power-on

By sending a value of zero

The register is not changed by the *RST and

*CLS

commands.

BIT MNEMONIC BIT VALUE

7 PON

6 Not used

5

CME

4

EXE

3

2

1

0

DDE

QYE

Not used

OPC

The Event Status Enable Register

Related Commands

Example

OUTPUT

7091

1

;

21"



*ESE?

Standard event status enable query.

Syntax

* E X ?

Definition

The standard event status enable query returns the contents of the standard event status enable register.

0

5

contents

5

255

7

6

3

2

5

4

1

0

BIT MNEMONIC BIT VALUE

PON

Not used

CME

EXE

DDE

&YE

Not used

OPC


*ESE

Example

OUTPUT 7 0 9 1 1

ENTER70911; A$

PRINT ;A$

The Event Status Enable Register



*ESR?

-

*ESR?

Standard event status register query.

Definition

The standard event status register query returns the contents of the standard event status register. The register is cleared after being read.

0

5

contents

<

255

BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE

PON

Not used

CME

EXE

DDE

QYE

Not used

OPC


None.

Example

OUTPUT 70911

;

A$

PRINT

;

The Standard Event Status Register



*IDN?

Identification query.

Syntax

*IDN?

Definition

The identification query commands the instrument t o identify itself over the interface.

Response:

HEWLETT-PACKARD

,

ElMOA, 0, n

.

n

HEWLETT-PACKARD: manufacturer

Ei440A: instrument model number

0: indicates serial numbers are not provided. n

. n: firmware revision level


None.

Example

DIM

A$

[lo01

OUTPUT 70911 "*IDN?I1

ENTER70911; A$

PRINT A$

5-36



*OPC

-

*oPc

Operation complete command.

Syntax

*OX

Definition

If

"*OPC" is sent to the

HP

E1440A

while a sweep is running, then the OPC-bit in the standard event status register is set when the current sweep stops. If no sweep is running at the time "OPC is sent to the

HP

E1440A

the bit is set immediately.

The following actions cancel

*OPC

(device goes to Operation

Complete, Command Idle State):

Power-on the dcas line on the interface is asserted.

rn

*CLS

*RST


*oPc?,

*MI

Example

OUTPUT 70911; Ii*CLS; *ESE 1

OUTPUT 7091 1 il*OPC1'



*OPC?

Operation complete query.

Syntax

Definition

If

a sweep is currently driving the instrument, the command parser prevents any further commands from being processed. When the sweep stops, ASCII character

'1' is placed in the output queue and the instrument processes further commands.

If no sweep is running, ASCII '1' is immediately placed in the output

If this command is used carelessly, the instrument may appear to have entered a "hung up" state because:

Sweeps can be very long, especially in LIST

Continuous sweeps do not stop!

This means that a Device clear command or Selected Device

Clear

command must be sent t o the instrument if the succeeding commands are to be executed (see example below)

The following actions cancel 'OPC? (device goes to Operation

Complete, Command Idle State): the dcas line on the interface is asserted


Example 1

ENTER70911;A$

PRINT A$

Example 2

1000

! E1440A is set at HPIB address 70911

1010

!

(Select code of controller

HPIB

interface card is 7)

1020

!

(Primary

HPIB

address of slot 0 commander is 09)

1030

!

(E1440A logical address

=

88 right shifted

3

bits is 11)

1040

!

1050 CLEAR

7

!

All instruments connected to bus receive DCL

1060

!

Ov

1070 CLEAR 70911

!

Only the

HP

E1440A receives SDC

5-38 Command

Reference


*RCL

Syntax

Recall command

Definition

Recall an instrument set-up from one of the 10 memories. Note that all the instrument's memories are reset t o the default settings by the

*RST

command.

Related Command

Example

OUTPUT

70911



*RST

Reset command.

Caution

Syntax

*RST

I(U

The *RST command will overwrite all instrument set-ups stored in the instrument memories.

Definition

The reset setting (standard setting) stored in ROM is made the current instrument setting, and is also stored in all the instrument's memories.

Pending

*OPC/*OPC?

actions are cancelled.

Instrument state: the instrument is placed in the idle state awaiting a command.

The following are not changed:

VXIbus (interface) state

Instrument interface address

Output queue

Service request enable register (SRE)

Standard event status enable register (ESE)

Lists

The commands and parameters of the reset state are listed in the following table.



Table 5-5. Reset State (Standard Setting)

Parameter Reset State

1NIT:CONT

VOLT

V0LT:OFFS

OFF

1 mV

0

V

V0LT:UNIT

FREQ

FREQ:MODE

FREQ:STAR

V

CW

FREQ:STOP

FREQ:SPAN:HOLD

FREQ:SPAN:LINK

MARK < n >

21 MHz

OFF

CENT

MARK <n>:FREQ

SWE:TIME

OFF (n is 1 t o

9)

0 (n is

1 t o

9)

I s

SWE:TIME:RETR:AUTO ON

SWE:DIR UP

R0SC:SOUR INT

R0SC:AUTO

FUNC

AM:STAT

PM:STAT

OUTP

ON

SIN

OFF

OFF

OFF

0UTP:AMPL

0UTP:TTLT <n>

OFF

OFF (n is 0

7)

0UTP:TTLT <n>:SOUR SYNC (n is 0 t o

7

PHAS

PHAS:STEP

0 DEG

1

DEG

PHAS:UNIT

*SAV <n>

RAD

(n is

0 t o

9)


None.

Example

OUTPUT 70911 ;


5-41


*SAV

Syntax

Recall command

Definition

Save the instrument set-up to one of the 10 memories. Note that the instrument's memories are reset to the default settings by the

*RST

command.

Related Command

Example

OUTPUT 70911;"*SAV 3"



-

"SRE

Service request enable register.

Syntax

*SRE

<value>

0

_< value

<

255

Definition

The service request enable command sets bits in the service request enable register which enable the corresponding status byte register bits.

The register is cleared:

At power-on

rn

By sending a value of zero.

The register is not changed by the

*RST

and

*CLS

commands.

BITS MNEMONICS

7

Operational status summary bit

6

5

4

3

2

1

RQS/MSS

ESB

M AV

Not used

Not used

Not used

0

Not used

BIT VALUE

The

Service Request Enable Register


Example

OUTPUT

7091


5-43


"SRE?

Service request enable query.

Syntax

*SRE?

Definition

The service request enable query returns the contents of the service request enable register.

0

5

contents

5

255

BITS MNEMONICS

7

Operation status summary bit

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

RQS/MSS

ESB

MAV

Not used

Not used

Not used

Not used

BIT VALUE

0

64

32

16

0

0

0

1

The Service Request Enable Register


*SRE, *STB?

Example

OUTPUT 7 0 9 1 1 "*SRE?

"

ENTER 7 0 9 1 1

; A$

PRINT

;A$

5-44



-

*STB?

*STB?

Read status byte query.

Syntax

*STB?

Definition

The read status byte query returns the contents of the status byte register.

0

5

contents

5

255

The

MSS

message is reported in bit six of the status byte register.

BITS MNEMONICS

3

2

1

7 Operational status summary bit

6

5

4

MSS

ESB

MAV

Not used

Not used

0

Not used

H

BIT VALUE

0

0

0

1

0

64

3 2

16

The Status Byte Register


*SRE, *SRE?

Example

OUTPUT 7 0 9 1

1

;

A$

PRINT ; A $


5-45


*TST?

Self- test query.

Syntax

Definition

The self-test query commands the instrument to perform a self-test and place the results of the test in the output queue.

Returned value: 0

5

value

5

256.

A value of zero indicates no errors.

A non-zero result places one or more errors in the error queue.

No further commands are allowed while the test is running.

The instrument is returned t o the setting that was active a t the time the self-test query was processed.

The self-test does not require operator interaction beyond sending the *TST? query.


None.

Example

OUTPUT 70911 ;

ENTER

709

11 ;

A$

PRINT

;A$

Results

The *TST? response consists of one byte. The significance of each bit is illustrated below.

Bit

Bit 0 (1)

Bit 1

(2)

Bit 2 (4)

Bit 3 (8)

Meaning

ROM test failed. The signature word in the ROM stored there at manufacture does not match the one generated at test time.

RAM test failed. Not all RAM cells can be written and/or read properly.

Device bus test failed. It is not possible to access the instruments hardware properly.

Software timer test failed. The 10 ms interrupt signal used for software scheduling purpose is missing or the period of the signal (compared indirectly to the

pP

processor clock) is out of tolerance. ATTENTION

: this test is not done in the initial power up self test.

Bit 4 (16) Sweep timer test failed. The 1 ms interrupt signal used during equi

-

(start freq. = stop freq.) or logarithmic sweeps is missing, or the period of the signal (compared indirectly t o the

pP

processor clock) is out of tolerance. ATTENTION

: this test is not done in the initial power up self test.



Bit

5 (32)

Bit 6 (64)

The amplitude calibration test failed. Something in the analog level generation

/ mixer

/ amplifier circuitry is not OK.

Fractional-N

IC

test failed. The fractional-N chip

(heart of the synthesizer) can not be accessed or does not work properly.

Bit 7 (128)

VCO test failed. The voltage controlled oscillator does not lock.

Bit 8 (256)

Self test was called while instrument was in

:FREQ:MODE SWEEP or LIST. This is a meta-error message, the self test did not fail- it is just illegal to call it in :FREQ:MODE

SWEEP/LIST. Note that no self test has been done!



"WAI

Wait to continue command.

Syntax

* w A I

Definition

If a sweep is currently driving the instrument, the command parser prevents any further commands from being processed. When the sweep stops, the instrument processes any further commands.

If no sweep is running, the instrument immediately processes further commands

Caution

O

If this command is used carelessly, the instrument may appear to have entered a "hung up" state because:

Sweeps can be very long, especially in

LIST

!

Continuous sweeps do not stop!

This means that a Device clear command or Selected Device

Clear

command must be sent t o the instrument if the succeeding commands are to be executed (see example 2 below)

The following actions cancel

*WAI

(device goes t o Operation

Complete, Command Idle State): the dcas line on the interface is asserted

Related Commands *OW

*opt?

Example 1

OUTPUT

70911 ;

"*WAIV

Example 2

1040

!

1050 CLEAR 7

!

All

instruments connected to bus receive

DCL

1060

!

5-48 Command

Reference


Specifications

Waveforms

Frequency

All

specifications apply after a 30 minute warm-up period, and are valid from O°C to 55OC ambient temperature. All specifications describe the warranted performance, except those listed below:

Typical

The following specifications are typical, not absolute: Main Signal

Output, Squarewave Characteristics (also by Option 001), Auxiliary

Outputs, Auxiliary Inputs, HP-IB Control and General specifications, which describe the typical performance.

Sine, square, triangle, negative and positive ramps, DC and TTL clock.

Range

Sine:

Square:

Triangle:

Ramps:

TTL clock:

1 pHz

-

21 MHz

1 pHz

-

11 MHz

1 pHz

1 pHz

1 pHz

-

11 kHz

-

11 kHz

-

60 MHz

Resolution:

1 pHz, upto 100 kHz

1 mHz at lOOkHz and greater frequencies

Accuracy:

f

ppm of selected value, from 20°C t o 30°C, at time of calibration with standard frequency reference.

Stability:

Specifications A-1


Main Signal Output

~mpedance:

(Typical)

Return Loss:

>

20 dB, 10 kHz t o 20

MHz,

except

>

10 dB for

>

3 V, 5

MHz

to 20

MHz.

Floating:

Chassis ground to circuit ground:

Output may be floated upto 42 V peak (AC

+

DC)

Max. external voltage, floating ground to signal output: & I 0 V

Connector:

BNC

Amplitude into 500

(All waveforms without

DC offset, except

TTL clock).

Range:

1

mV to 10 V(p-p) in 8 amplitude ranges, 1-3-10 sequence, amplitude can also be set up in

rms

and dBm.

Ranges (without DC offset):

Resolution:

4 digits (0.03% of full range).

Function

Sine min. m a .

Square min. m a .

Triangle/

Ramps min. m a .

A-2 Specifications


Accuracy

(with

0

Vdc

offset):

+23.98 to 13.52 dBm

4 0 0 kHz

f 0 . 2 d B

>I00 kHz to

10

MHz

>10

MHz

to

20 MHz

f 0 . 4 d B

<+13.52 to -16.02 dBm

<-16.02 to -56.02 dBm

f 0.2 dB f 0 . 6 dB f 0.6 dB

Squarewave:

l o V ( ~ p ) t o 3 V ( p - p )

<3 V(p-p) to 1 mV(p-p)

<I00 kHz

&1.5%

>I00 kHz to 10

MHz

&5% f 2 . 2 %

*lo%

Triangle:

l O V ( p p ) t o 3 V ( p - p )

<2 kHz

>2 kHz to 10 kHz

f l . 5 % &5.0%

Ramps:

1 0 V ( p - p ) t o 3 V ( p - p )

<500

Hz

>500

Hz t o 10 kHz

&1.5%

flO.O%

&2.7% f 1 1 . 2 %

With

DC

offset, increase all sinewave tolerances by 0.2 dB and all function tolerances by 2%.

Sinewave Spectral

Phase Noise:

Purity

-55 dB for a

30

kHz band centered on a 20

MHz

carrier (excluding

f

Hz about the carrier).

Spurious:

All

non-harmonically related output signals will be more than 60 dB below the carrier,

(

-55 dBc with

DC

offset), or less than -85 dBm, whichever is greater.

Specifications

A-3


Sinewave Harmonic Distortion:

Harmonically related signals will be less than the following levels relative to the fundamental:

Frequency Range

Harmonic Level

-60 dBc

0.1

Hz

-

199 kHz

2

MHz

-

14.9 MHz

-30 dBc

Squarewave

Characteristics

(Typical)

Rise/Fall Time:

(10% to 90% of p-p output voltage): i 2 0 ns

Overshoot:

5% of peak-to-peak amplitude at full output.

Symmetry:

50.02% of period

+3

ns.

Triangle/Ramp

Characteristics

Linearity:

(10% to 90%, 10 kHz): for each range.

Ramp Retrace Time (typical):

(10% t o 90%):

5 3

ps

Period Variation for Alternate Ramp Cycles (typical):

DC Offset

Range:

DC only (no AC signal): 0 t o

f

DC

+

AC:

Maximum DC offset f

/

500

V

on highest range; decreasing t o k4.5 mV on lowest range.

Resolution:

4

digits

Accuracy:

DC only: mV t o *50 mV, depends on offset chosen, f mV.

DC

+

AC, upto 1 MHz: f output level; 0.2 mV t o f

-

A-4

Specifications


DC

$

AC, from

1

MHz

t o

20 MHz:

on AC output level. f mV

to

&I50 mV,

depends

Phase Offset

Range:

719.9" with respect to arbitrary starting phase or assigned

zero

phase. For squarewave frequencies below

25 kHz, phase changes greater than 25" may result in a phase shift of f 180" from the desired amount.

Resolution:

0.1"

Increment Accuracy:

Stability:

f of phase/"C

I

Sinewave Amplitude

Modulation Depth (at full output for each range):

Modulation (Typical)

o

-

98%

Modulation Frequency Range:

DC to 350 kHz (1pHz-21 MHz carrier frequency)

Envelope Distortion:

-30 dB for modulation t o 80% at 1 kHz, 0 Vdc offset

Sensitivity:

5 5

V

peak for maximum modulation

Phase Modulation

(Typical)

Sinewave Range

f f 5 \.' input

Sinewave Linearity

f best fit straight line upto

f

of modulation range f best fit straight line

Squarewave Range

f 4 5 0 °

Triangle Range

Positive and Negative Ramps Range



Modulation Frequency Range

DC

-

5

kHz

Frequency Sweep

Sweep Sequence Modes:

Single, continuous.

Sweep Function Modes:

Multi

-

Interval:

Upto

50 different

intervals can be sequenced and repeated in any order in a sequence which can contain upto 100 intervals.

Frequency-swit ching-time between intervals (typical)

:

5 2 ms for a 100 kHz step.

5 3

ms for a 1

MHz

step.

5 2 0 ms for a 20

MHz

step.

Linear Sweep

Sweep time

Maximum sweep width

Minimum sweep width

Minimum sweep rate

(settable for each interval)

0.01 to l o 5 full frequency range of the main signal output for the waveform in use.

0 Hz

0.2 Hz/s

One marker frequency can be set in each interval.

Logarithmic Sweep

(sweep up only)

Sweep time

Maximum sweep width

Minimum start frequency

Minimum sweep width

(settable for each interval):

0.1 to lo5 full frequency range of the main signal output for the waveform in use.

1 Hz

1 decade

Multi Marker:

Linear sweep (only)

Sweep time

Maximum sweep width

0.01 to lo5 full frequency range of the main signal output for the waveform in use.

0

Hz

Minimum sweep width

Upto 9 markers can be set in this one, dedicated, interval.

Phase Continuity:

Sweep

is

phase continuous over the full frequency range of the main output for all sweep modes.

A-6

Specifications


Auxiliary Outputs

(Typical)

Floating:

Chassis ground to circuit ground: Output may be floated upto 42 V peak (AC

&

DC)

1 pHz to 21 MHz phase synchronous squarewave with the same frequency as the

main

signal output, or 1 pHz to 60 MHz TTL Clock (main signal output switched off).

Output impedance: 50R

Output levels: high level

>

2 V, low level

<

0.2 V

Connector: BNC and trigger bus.

Note: Level doubles into open input.

Max. external voltage: 0 V to +5 V, floating ground to output signal

X DRIVE

O-1OV:

(0

-

100 s sweeps only).

The ramp is proportional to the entire sweep time, including each individual interval sweep time and the switching times between intervals.

Output impedance: 650

0

Output level: 0 to $10

Connector: BNC.

V

(into open circuit)

Max. external voltage:

PEN LIFT:

TTL compatible voltage levels capable of sinking current from a positive source. Current 200 mA, voltage 45 V

Connector: BNC.

Max. external voltage: 0 V to +45 V, floating ground to output signal

MARKER

TTL:

High t o low transitions at selected marker frequencies. TTL and

CMOS compatible output levels.

Pulsewidth in Multi-Marker mode: 1 ms.

Connector: BNC and trigger bus.

Fan out: 4

Max. external voltage: 0 V to +5 V, floating ground to output signal

REF OUT

10

MHz

10 MHz squarewave for phase locking additional instruments to the

HP

E1440A.

Output impedance: 50R

Output levels (into 50R): high level

>

2V, low level <0.2V

AC-coupled output levels: 10 dBm

Connector: BNC.

Max. external voltage: 0 V to +5

V, floating ground to output signal



Auxilliary Inputs

(Typical)

External REF IN

1/10

MHz

For phase locking the

HP

E1440A

to an external frequency reference.

Signal from 0 dBm to 20 dBm into 50R

Reference signal must be

a

sub-harmonic of

10

MHz

from

1

MHz

to

10 MHz.

Connector: BNC or VXI-system clock

AM:

Input Impedance: 10 kR

Connector: BNC

Max. external voltage: f

V

PM:

Input Impedance: >40 kR

Connector: BNC

Max. external voltage:

VXlbus Interface

Capabilities

Message based servant:

A16/A24 D l 6 Master

A16 Dl6 Slave

Option 001

High-Voltage Output

Amplifier

Frequency range:

1

pHz

to 1 MHz

Amplitude:

4

mV to 40 V(p-p) in 8 ranges, 4-12-40 sequence into 5000,

<

500 pF load. Ranges are four times the standard instrument ranges, without DC offset.

Accuracy:

Flatness:

Sinewave Harmonic Distortion:

Harmonically related signals will be less than the following levels

(relative t o the fundamental full output into 5000, 500 p F load):

Frequency Range

7

Harmonic

Level

10

HZ

-

199

kHz

200 kHz

-

1 MHz

-60

-40 dBc

dBc

Squarewave =se/Fall Time (typical):

5125 ns, 10% t o 90% of peak-to-peak output voltage with 5000,

500 pF load.

A-8 Specifications


Squarewave Overshoot (typical):

Output Impedance:

<

3S1 at DC,

<

10S1 at

1

MHz.

DC Offset:

Range: 4 times the specified range of the standard instrument.

Accuracy: f full output voltage for each range

$

25

mV).

Maximum Output Current:

General (Typical

Specification)

Module Size:

c refer to

VXI

System

Number of slots: two

( 2 )

Connectors Used: P I ,

P2

Device Type: Message-based

Cooling/Slot

Air flow:

2.0 litres/second, pressure 0.4 mm

H 2 0

Operating Environment:

Relative humidity:

65%, 0°C to 40°C

Operating temperature: O°C to 55OC

Storage temperature: -40°C to f75OC

EMC

:

Module meets

FTZ

1046/1984,

IEC

348 (safety class

111)

Weight: 4 kg net, 6.5 kg shipping.

Power Requirements:

DC Volts DC Current Dynamic Current

- t 5 V

1 A

10

rnA

Specifications

A-9



Registers

There are two sets of associated registers:

rn

VXIbus standard configuration registers

- these are part of the

VXIbus mainframe configuration and therefore are not discussed here, information can be obtained from the VXIbus System

Specification.

rn

Device dependent or slave registers

- these registers are provided in the HP

E1440A

and are the subject of this manual appendix.

Status Reporting

The HP

E1440A

supports SCPI standard status register configuration, as defined in

IEEE 488.2

Error Queue

The instrument maintains an error queue according t o the SCPI standard. The error queue is able t o queue up t o

30

errors.

Y

Status Registers

The

HP

E1440A

has a set of status registers that can be interrogated by the controller. Any error conditions which are contained in these registers are also entered in the error queue. If required, registers can be pre-loaded with values which will mask out certain conditions.

he registers are identified as follows:

Register Contents (Flags)

Ext ref missing, Ext ref unlocked, Main VCO unlock

Quest. Frequency

1

Quest. Status Voltage, Freq.

Standard Event Status Operation complete, Query error, Dev. dep. error,

Execution error, Command error, Power on

Operation Status

Status Byte

Calibrating, Sweeping

Quest. summary, MAV, ESB, RQS, Operational summary

Register

Programming B-1


The inter-relationship between the status registers is shown in Figure

B-1

below

QUESTIONABLE

FREQUENCY

Ext ref miss

Ext ref unlock

-

-

------i7

--*I

2

1

L - J

- -

STANDARD EVENT

STATUS

Operation complete.

-

' -,

t

Query error

Dev, dep. error

! 1 !

- - - - - - - 4

- - - -

2

-

w

3

/

Execution error

Command error

-

-

- -

- - - -

4

4

/

+i:i

I

Power on.---------,

!

7

- i

,

QUESTIONABLE STATUS

?

OPERATION

STATUS

STATUS BYTE

Figure B-1. Status Register Subset

Using the Registers

Communication with the registers is accomplished by reads and writes of the register contents. The methods are fully described in

Chapter 5

Command Reference

in the explanation of the :STATUS command

The bits pointed to by arrows

(-b)

are maintained by the instrument. The other bits are unused and always read as zero. Most of the status bits are defined by and fully explained, in the SCPI standard. Only the QUESTIONABLE bits which are exclusive to the

HP E1440A need explanation here.

Signal

Ext ref miss

Explanation

This condition is set when no AC signal is detected a t front panel 'Ext Ref in7 connector, otherwise bit is cleared.

The condition is checked every 0.2 seconds.

Ext ref unlock

If the reference source is

EXT

or VBUS, this condition is set when the reference oscillator is unable t o lock itself t o the source.

-

B-2



If

the reference source is

INT

this condition is always set.


Main

VCO

unlock

This

condition

is

set when the main

VCO

loop is out of lock, indicating a hardware fault.


Volt age

This condition is set when the instrument is unable to do a successful amplitude calibration, indicating a hardware fault.

It is updated every time a amplitude calibration is done

(explicit by command CAL? or implicit by a change of the output function).

Sample Program

This example RMBASIC program demonstrates the use of the

E1440A Status registers. The program does the following

:

Forms two BASIC SUB's

-

Statusinit (Address) and

Err-check(Address)

These SUB's might be helpful during test program development.

Statusinit should be called at the beginning, For quick debugging,

Err-check might be called after each programming cycle of the

E1440A.

Note

A common problem must be overcome here: we have to ensure that

)41 the E1440A has seen $1 commands before looking for errors. The

"OPC?

command is ideal for this.

For easy ON/OFF switching we define a common named 'debug' to control the behavior of the SUB's

Program

COM /Debug/ INTEGER Err-check

REAL El440

!

for

t h e

instrument

VXIbus

address.

!

Notice that an

INTEGER is too small to hold

!

a

VXIbus

address with secondary addressing.

!

E1440=70911

!

assumed slot 0 commander is connected

t o

!

VXIbus interface with select code 7,

!

primary

VXIbus

address of slot 0 commander is 9

!

and logical address of E1440A is 88 (secondary

!

VXIbus

address is logical add. shifted left 3 bits)

!

Err,check=l

!

we want t o do error checking, set to 0 if

You

don't

!

Register Programming B-3


!

A t t h e s t a r t we p u t instrument i n t o known s t a t e .

CLEAR El440

OUTPUT Ei440;"*RST; :STATUS:PRESET; *CLS"

!

! P r e p a r e s t a t u s system.

!

CALL

S t a t u s - i n i t (E1440)

!

! Now some commands w i t h immediate e r r o r checking.

!

OUTPUT El440

;

FUNCT SIN

;

! Oops

- it should be 'FUNC' o r 'FUNCTION'

CALL Err-check(El440)

!

OUTPUT El440;":VOLT 3 ; :FREQ:MODE SWEEP"

CALL Err-check (El44O)

!

KHz" !

':FREQ:START' n o t allowed i n mode SWE

OUTPUT E1440;":FREQ:START 2

CALL Err-check(E1440)

!

END

!

!

SUB Status-init(REAL Addr)

S t a t u s - i n i t : ! J u s t f o r f i n d i n g SUB v i a ' e d i t s t a t u s - i n i t '

COM /Debug/ INTEGER Err-check

!

I F NOT Err-check THEN SUBEXIT ! h u r r y back

!

OUTPUT Addr;"*ESE 6 0 ; " ! 60 = 00111100 b i n

--> a l l e r r o r b i t s

! a r e enabled, t h u s propagated i n t o t h e

! s t a t u s b y t e s b i t #5 (ESB)

OUTPUT Addr;"*SRE 32;It! 32

=

00100000 b i n

-->

ESB b i t

! w i l l be propagated i n t o b i t 6 (RQS)

! of t h e s t a t u s b y t e .

! w i t h t h i s s e t u p an e r r o r can be d e t e c t e d very q u i c k l y

! because ESB i s t h e only b i t t h a t c a u s e s RqS and t h e e r r o r

! b i t s i n t h e s t a n d a r d event s t a t u s b y t e a r e t h e only

! b i t s t h a t w i l l propagate i n t o t h e s t a t u s b y t e .

! I n o t h e r words: every time RQS i s s e t t h e r e w i l l be an e r r o r .

! The RQS b i t can be checked very q u i c k l y u s i n g t h e SPOLL command.

SUBEND

!

!

SUB Err-check(REAL Addr)

Err-check: ! J u s t f o r f i n d i n g SUB v i a ' e d i t err-check'

COM /Debug/ INTEGER Err-check

!

I F NOT Err-check THEN SUBEXIT ! h u r r y back

!

INTEGER Errnum

D I M

~ r r s t r $ [ 2 5 6 ]

! maximum l e n g t h allowed by SCPI s t a n d a r d

B-4



650

!

-

.

660

!

First we have to ensure that all commands have been processed

670 ! before we look for errors.

680 !

Let's misuse errnum to read in the *OPC? response.

690

OUTPUT Addr ;

700

710 !

ENTER Addr;Ermum

720 ! now we can look at the status byte.

730

!

740

750 !

,321

THEN

RQS set

- errors in the error queue.

760

! get them, print them out until error

0 is found.

770 ! print a short error message first

780

790

800

810

PRINT

PRINT "Instrument at VXIbus address ";Addr;"

: "

PRINT

LOOP

820

830

840

850

OUTPUT Addr ; : :ERR?"

ENTER Addr;Errnum,Errstr$

EXIT IF Ermum=O

PRINT Ermum;Errstr$

860

END LOOP

870 ! now we clear the instrument status byteslwords by issuing

-

880

!

890 !

900 ! a *CLS command.

This is necessary because we did not actually read out the standard event status byte, therefore the error bits are

910 ! not cleared.

OUTPUT Addr ; "*CLS1'

920

930 ! now a program pause.

940 ! this makes it easy to locate the faulty test program line,

950 ! the user should step over the SUBXIT and will recover

960 ! in the line following the Err-check call.

970

980

990

1000

1010

1020

1030

1040

PRINT

PRINT "Press <Continue> to continue test program."

PRINT "Press <Step> to see BASIC line number

I t ;

PRINT "following the call of Err-check.

PAUSE

SUBEXIT

END IF

SUBEND


8-5



Introduction

Note

The performance of the HP E1440A can be tested at three levels:

Functional Verification Tests

-

These check that the instrument functions are working. Use these tests when you want t o check that the module is connected properly and responding to commands from the controller. No access to the interior of the module is necessary.

Operational Verification Tests

-

These check that the instrument meets critical specifications. Use these tests after a repair, or as an aid to troubleshooting. These tests can be carried out

without

a controller.

rn

Performance Verification Tests

-

These check that the instrument meets all warranted specifications. Use these tests as an instrument calibration check, after repair or as an aid to troubleshooting.

3

The

HP

E1440A specifications, given in Chapter 1, are valid after a

30 minute warm up period.

All test equipment used must also be allowed to warm up before testing the HP E1440A. Refer to the equipment specifications to find the warm up time required.

Test Record

You can record the results of the Performance Verification Tests using the Test Record provided at the end of this chapter. You can reproduce this Performance Verification Test Record without written permission from Hewlett-Packard.

Performance tests C-1


Recommended Test

The equipment required for the tests

is

listed in Table C-1. Any

Equipment

equipment which satisfies t h e critical specifications given i n t h e table,

may be substituted for recommended models.

Table C-1.

Recommended Test Equipment for Tests

Instrument

VXI Mainframe

(Development)

VXI Mainframe

Command Module

Controller

--

Analog

Oscilloscope

Electronic Counter

AC/DC Digital

Voltmeter

High-speed

Digital Voltmeter

Critical Specifications

Must allow access t o the Service switch on top of the H P E1440A.

HP-IB interface

HP BASIC 5.015.1

Vertical

Deflection: 0.01 t o 5 V/div

Horizontal

Sweep:lO ns to 0.5 s/div

Frequency measurement

Time Interval Average A t o B

Frequency Range: t o 100 MHz

Resolution: 11 digits

AC Function (True RMS)

Ranges: 10 mV to 1000 V

Bandwidth: 1 Hz t o 10 MHz

Resolution: 4.5 digits minimum

DC Functions

Ranges: 10 mV to 1000

V

DC Voltage: 0 to f

External Trigger:Low True

Trigger De1ay:Selectable 1 ps to 10 ms

3 P E1400B

BP E1405A

BP 9000 series 200/300

BP 1722A/25A

Frequency Synthesizer Frequency: 20 MHz

Source

Amplitude: 10 V(p-p) into 500

Power Meter

I

Power Sensor

Accuracy:

<

&0.5%

50 0, 100 m W (24 dBm)

50R Feedthru

Termination

Accuracy: &1%

Power Rating: 2 W

1 F

=

Functional,

0

=

Operational,

P

=

Performance

2

Only required if you are testing

wiihout

a controller.

F O P

F O P

F O P

P

C-2



Table C-1. Recommended Test Equipment for Tests (continued)

Instrument

Spectrum Analyzer

Critical Specifications

Frequency Range: 20 Hz t o 40.1 MHz

1

Spurious Responses: 80 dB

I below reference

Recommended Model

HP 3585B

I

~ e s t l

P

HP

10534A

P

Double Balanced Mixer Impedance: 50R

1 MHz Low Pass Filter

15 kHz Filter

Resistors:

Capacitor:

BNC-to-Triax Cable

Adaptors

Frequency Range: 1

-

20 MHz

Cut-off Frequency: 1 MHz

Stopband Atten: 50 dB by 4 MHz

Stopband Freq: 4

-

80 MHz

Model J903, T T E Inc.

2214 S. Benny Ave.

Los Angeles, CA 90064

P

Consisting of:

,

Resistor: 10 KR 1%

Capacitor: 1600 pF 5%

P

P

20R 114 W 1%

30Q

114 W 1%

50R 118 W 1%

475R 2 W 1%

300 pF 5%

I

Female BNC to Male Triax

I

HP 1250-0256

I

BNC female to dual banana plug

I

HP 1251-2277

I

I

BNC Tee

I

HP 1250-0781

P

I

P

I

P



Functional

Verification Tests

Note

The best method of checking that the module

is

functioning

is

to:

1.

Configure and install the module in a

VXI

mainframe, as described in Chapter 2.

2. Use the controller to carry out a module self-test and check the results. An example program is given in this section.

3.

Check the instrument output with an oscilloscope. An example program is given in this section.

If a controller is not available, carry out the Operational Verification

Tests described in the next section. These can be performed with or without a controller, but do not include the instrument self- test.

d

The HP E1440A has a "Failed" indicator that remains on if the synthesizer is not able to communicate with the controller.

Performing a Self-test

Starting the test

The instrument's self-test routine can be executed by sending it the command: "TST?

Sending the self test command is an easy way to check that you are correctly addressing the synthesizer module, and is also useful in locating intermittent problems which might occur during operation.

The result of the self-test is returned as a number where a value of zero indicates that no errors occurred. If one or more errors occur, they are added to the instrument error queue and a bit is set in the self-test result t o indicate the error types:

Bit

Bit

0 (1)

Bit

1 (2)

Bit

2 (4)

Bit

3 (8)

Bit

4 (16)

Bit 5

(32)

Bit

6 (64)

Bit

7 (128)

Bit

8 (256)

Table C-2. Self-test result bits

Meaning

ROM test failed

RAM test failed

Device bus test failed

Software timer test failed

Sweep timer test failed

Amplitude calibration failed

Fractional-N IC test failed

VCO test failed

Self-test was called when SWEEP or

LIST was in progress. No test

was

carried out.

Module

A2

A2

A2

A2

A1

A l

or

A2

A1

A1

-

Refer also to the *TST? entry in Chapter 5 Command Reference in the User Manual.

w

C-4



Reading the Error Queue

When errors occur as a result of self-test or during operation, error codes and messages are added t o the synthesizer error queue. The error queue can store up to 30 codes and messages on a 'first in first out'

(FIFO)

basis.

These errors can be read out using the command: SYS:ERR?

A returned value of 0 (zero) means there are no more errors.

Refer to the SYS:ERR? entry in Chapter 5 Command Reference in the User Manual.

Error numbers and messages are listed in Appendix E of the User's

M anu a1

.

Example program

The following BASIC 5.015.1 program executes a self-test. The program assumes the mainframe is at a primary interface address of

09 and the synthesizer is at a secondary address of 11. The program also assumes that an

HP

9000 Series 200/300 computer is used.

10 !Send t h e s e l f - t e s t commandtothe s y n t h e s i z e r

20 !

30 OUTPUT70911;"*TST?"

40

!

50 !Enter and d i s p l a y t h e s e l f t e s t code

60 !

70 ENTER70911;A

80 PRINT A

90 !

100 !Add code h e r e t o i n t e r r o g a t e t h e e r r o r queue

110 i f A i s non-zero.



Checking the

Instrument Output

After self-test, a simple test with an oscilloscope

will

check that the module output is functional. Connect an oscilloscope to the output

BNC and then send the following short program:

10

!Reset t h e s y n t h e s i z e r

20

!

30

OUTPUT

7091

;

40

END

50

!

S e t frequency value

60

!

70

OUTPUT

709

80

!

:

1E3"

90

!

S e t f u n c t i o n t o sinewave

100

OUTPUT

7091

110

!

FUNC

SIN"

120

! S e t o u t p u t l e v e l t o

1

130

!

140

OUTPUT

709

150

!

:VOLT

1

160

Switch on t h e output

170

!

180

OUTPUT

70911

190

END

OUTP

ON"

C-6



-

Operational

Verification Tests

Without a Controller

A

DIL

switch called the

Service

Switch,

situated beside the address switch (see Figure

C-1

and Figure C-2), can be used t o force different startup values for the waveform, frequency and amplitude, as detailed in Table C-3.

S e r v i c e

S n i t c h

,

Logical Address

,

Switch

I

/"-

Cutaway view

Figure C-1. Service Switch

Service

128 switch

-

1

MSB LSB

Factory sett~ng

=

00000000 (zero)

MSB LSB

Example Setting

=

01011 (11)

Figure C-2. Example Service Switch Setting



Caution

1. Configure and install the module in a

VXI

mainframe, as described in Chapter

2.

2. For each of the switch settings in Table C-3: a. Switch off the mainframe. b. Set up the Service Switch.

If you are not using a Development mainframe, you have to remove the

HP

E1440A

to access the Service Switch.

The mainframe must be switched off when removing or inserting the

HP

ElddOA.

c. Switch on the mainframe. d. Using a timer and oscilloscope check that the output's frequency and amplitude are as given in Table C-3 and within specification.

3. Set the Service Switch back to

00000.

With a

Controller

1. Configure and install the module in a VXI mainframe, as described in Chapter 2.

2.

For each of the settings in Table C-3: a. Use the controller t o set the waveform, frequency and amplitude to the values in the table, for example:

OUTPUT 70911; ":FUNC SIN"

OUTPUT 709 11 ;

I'

:

MHz"

OUTPUT 70911 ;

"

:VOLT

:

V"

OUTPUT 7091 1

"

OUTP ON"

Set waveform to sine

Set frequency to 10

MHz

Set amplitude to 10 V

Turn on the output

b. Using a timer and oscilloscope check that the output's frequency and amplitude are as given in Table

C-3

and within specification.

C-8 Performance tests


Table C-3. Service Switch Parameter Settings witch Dec equiv Waveform Freq (MHz) (Vpp) Other

squ squ squ tri ttl ttl ttl sin rup ttl ttl ttl ttl ttl sin sin sin sin sin sin sin squ tri rup r dow dc

-

-

-

-

-

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

-

3V offse

Notes

3

1

Standard reset values

2 Values over

25

are treated as

25



Performance

Verification

Tests

Table

C-4 groups the Performance Verification Tests according to

the warranted specifications in Chapter 1. The tests follow in the order given in the table. All the tests require a controller and a VXI

mainframe with the

HP E1440A and a command module installed.

Warranted Specifications

Table C-4.

Verification Test (s)

Harmonic

is tort ion'

Spurious Signals


Frequency Accuracy

Phase Increment Accuracv

Triangle Linearity

1 Includes procedure to test

High

Voltage Output Option 001.

Infroduction

Before you start the Performance Verification Tests:

1. Check the HP-IB address of your VXI command module and the secondary address of your HP E1440A module.

The HP E1440A commands given in the test procedures use the variable Vxi to represent the full address of the module. Set this variable to the correct address for your test system.

For example:

HP-IB interface number:

VXI command module address:

HP E1440A secondary address:

7

16

11

Set the variable Vxi=71611, or replace Vxi with the number 71611 every time you use one of the example commands.

2.

Reset the HP-IB, HP E1440A and check that you are communicating with the HP E1440A:

CLEAR 7

OUTPUT Vxi;"*RST"

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP ONu

The "Output On"

LED

of the HP E1440A should switch on.

v

C-10

Performance t e s t s


Harmonic Distortion

This procedure tests the harmonic distortion of the

HP

E1440A

sine wave output.

Specifications

Harmonic distortion (relative to fundamental)

No Harmonic

Fundament a1

Greater

Than

Fkequency

1

0.1 Hz to 199 kHz

1

-60 dBc

1

1200 kHz to 1.99 MHz

1

-40 dBc

1

1

2 t o 14.9 MHz

(

-30 dBc

1

I

15 to 20 MHz

-25 dBc

Equipment Required

Spectrum Analyzer

50R Feedthru Termination

Resistor

475Q

2W 1%

Resistor 50R 1/8W 1%

Capacitor 300 pF 5%

Procedure

1. Set the HP

E1440A

output as follows:

High-voltage

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

DC

Offset

Output Off

Sine

20 MHz

999 mV(p-p)

0 V

Set up parameters

:VOLT:AMPL 0.999;:VOLT:OFFS 0;"

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP ON"

Switch on the output

2. Connect the signal output t o the spectrum analyzer 50R input.

3. Set the spectrum analyzer controls to display the fundamental and at least four harmonics. Verify that all harmonics are at least 25 dB below the fundamental.

4.

Set the

HP E1440A

t o 15 MHz

OUTPUT Vxi;":FREq 1.5E7"

and verify that all harmonics are at least 25 dB below the fundamental.

Performance tests C-1 1


Set the

HP

E1440A t o the following frequencies and verify thet the harmonics are below the specified levels.

Frequency Command

String

Max

Level

14.9 MHz ll:FREQ 1.4937" -30 dBc

2 MHz ":FREQ 2E6" -30 dBc

1.99 MHz ":FREQ 1.9936" -40 dBc

200 kHz ":FREQ 2E5" -40 dBc

Set the

HP

E1440A

frequency to 50

kHz

and the amplitude to

9.99 mV(p-p).

OUTPUT Vxi;":FREQ SE4;:VOLT:AMPL 9.99MV1'

Set the spectrum analyzer controls to display the fundamental and at least three harmonics. (It may be necessary to decrease the video bandwidth t o separate the harmonics from the noise floor.) Verify that all harmonics are at least 60 dB below the fundamental.

Set the HP E1440A to the following frequencies and verify that all harmonics are

60 dB below the fundamental.

Frequency

Command String

10 kHz ll:FREQ 1E4"

1 kHz ":FREQ 1E3"

100 Hz ":FREQ 1E2"

High-Voltage Output (Option 001)

Continued from the previous procedure.

9.

Connect the HP E1440A signal output to the analyzer high-impedance input as shown in Figure C-3.

S p e c t r u m

(HP

Rnalyzer

3585B)

I

3 0 0

pF

4 7 5 O h m s -

T

1

'VVW'

2 W 1 %

T

5 0

O h m s

0.125

W

1%

Figure C-3.

Harmonic Distortion Verification Test Set-Up (High-Voltage Output)

-

C-12



10. Select the high-voltage output on the HP E1440A. Set the

amplitude to

40

V(p-p) and

the

frequency

to

100

Hz.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP : A W L ON"

Switch

on

high-voltage

output

OUTPUT Vxi

;

AMPL 40 V"

OUTPUT Vxi

;

FREQ

1E2"

11. Set the spectrum analyzer controls to display the fundamental and at least three harmonics. Verify that all harmonics are


12. Set the

HP

E1440A to the following frequencies and verify that the harmonics are below the specified level.

Frequency

Command String Max

Level

10 kHz ":FREQ 1E4"

100 kHz ":FREQ 1E5"

200 kHz ":FREQ

2E5"

1

MHz

":FREQ 1E6"

-60 dBc

-60 dBc

-40 dBc

-40 dBc

13. Turn off the high-voltage output.

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP:AMPL OFF"



Spurious Signal

This procedure tests the HP E1440A sine wave output for spurious

signals. Circuits within the

HP

E1440A

may generate repetitive frequencies that are not harmonically related to the fundamental output frequency.

Specifications

All spurious signals must be more than

60

dB below the fundamental signal or less than -85 dBm, whichever is greater.


Spectrum Analyzer

Mixer Spurious Procedure

1.

Connect the HP

E1440A

signal output to the spectrum analyzer

5 0 0

(RF) input and the HP

E1440A

REF INput to the analyzer

10

MHz reference output, as shown in Figure

C-4.

-

REF OUT

S p e c t r u m

(HP

A n a l y z e r

3585B)

Figure C-4. Mixer Spurious Test Set-Up

2. Set the

HP

E1440A

as follows:

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

Sine

2.001

MHz

63.24

mV(p-p)

OUTPUT

Vxi;":FUNC S1N;:FREQ 2.001E6;:VOLT:AMPL 63.24MV"

3.

Set the analyzer controls as follows:

Center Frequency

Frequency Span

Video BW

Resolution BW

2.001

MHz

1 kHz

100

Hz

30

Hz

4.

Adjust the spectrum analyzer to reference the fundamental to the top display graticule.

5. Without changing the reference level, change the spectrum analyzer center frequency t o

27.999

MHz to display the

2:l

C-14



mixer

spur.

Verify that this

spur

is

at

least

60 dB below

the

fundamental.

6. Change the spectrum analyzer center frequency to 25.998 MHz to display the 3:2 mixer spur. Verify that this spur is at least 60 dB below the fundamental.

7.

In

the same way, change the HP E1440A frequency and the spectrum analyzer center frequency t o the following frequencies.

For each setting, verify that

all

spurious signals are 60 dB below the fundamental.

Spectrum Analyzer

Center

E

'quency

Frequency

4.100 MHz

6.100 MHz

8.100 MHz

10.100 MHz

12.100 MHz

14.100 MHz

16.100 MHz

18.100 MHz

20.100 MHz

Command

String 2:l Spur

":FREQ 4.1E6"

":FREQ 6.1E6"

":FREQ 8.1E6"

":FREQ 10.1E6"

":FREQ 12.1E6" ll:FREQ 14.1E6"

":FREQ 16.1E6"

":FREQ 18.1E6"

":FREQ 20.1E6"

25.9 MHz

23.9 MHz

21.9 MHz

19.9 MHz

17.9 MHz

15.9 MHz

13.9 MHz

11.9 MHz

9.9 MHz

3:2

Spur

21.8 MHz

17.8 MHz

13.8 MHz

9.8 MHz

5.8 MHz

1.8 MHz

2.2 MHz

6.2 MHz

10.2 MHz

Close-in Spurious (Fractional

N

Spurs) Procedure

This procedure continues from the previous one.

8. Set the

HP

E1440A to 5.001 MHz and the amplitude to

448.3 mV(p-p).

OUTPUT Vxi;":FREQ S.OOIE6;:VOLT:AMPL 448.3MV1'

9. Set the spectrum analyzer controls as follows:

Center Frequency

Frequency Span

Video BW

Resolution B W

5.001 MHz

1 kHz

100 Hz

30 Hz

10. Adjust the spectrum analyzer to reference the fundamental to the top display graticule.

11. Without changing the reference level, change the spectrum analyzer center frequency to 5.002 MHz to display the API 1 spur. It may be necessary to decrease the video bandwidth to optimize the display resolution.

12. All spurious (non-harmonic) signals should be at least 60 dB below the fundamental.



13.

Without changing the reference level, set the

HP

E1440A

frequency and the spectrum analyzer center frequency t o the frequencies listed in the following table. For each setting, verify that

all

spurious signals are at least


Command

String

Center Frequency

5.0001

MHz

5.000001

MHz

20.001

MHz

20.001

MHz

20.001

MHz

":FREQ 5.0001E6" 5.0011

MHz

":FREQ 5.00001E6" 5.00101

MHz

":FREQ 5.00001E6" 5.001001

MHz

":FREQ 20.002

MHz

20.003

MHz

20.004

MHz

20.005

MHz

C-16



Integrated Phase

Noise

This procedure tests the

HP

E1440A

integrated phase noise.

Specifications

-55

dB for a

30

kHz

band centered on a 20

MHz

carrier (excluding f

Hz

about the carrier).


Frequency Synthesizer

Double Balanced Mixer

50R Feedthru Termination

AC/DC Digital Voltmeter

15

kHz

Noise Equivalent Filter

1

MHz

Low Pass Filter

Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure C-5, connecting the output of the 15

kHz

noise equivalent filter to the DVM. Phase lock the

HP

E1440A and the signal generator together.

1

D V M

I

/

Function

f H P

, ,

G e n e r a t o r

. .

1

MHz

Lou Paso

F1

I

C T

15 kHz FI 1 t s r

1600 PF

1

5%

50

Ohm F e e d t h r o u g h

Figure C-5. Integrated Phase Noise Test Set-Up

2. Set the

HP

E1440A as follows:

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

Sine

19.901

MHz

632 mV(p-p)

OUTPUT Vxi;":FUNC S1N;:FREQ 19.901E6;:VOLT:AMPL 632MV"

3.

Set the synthesizer (reference) as follows:

Frequency

Amplitude

19.9

MHz

1.416 V(p-p)

4. Record the DVM reading as Vlk.


C-17


5 .

Change the HP E1440A frequency to 19.9 MHz.

OUTPUT Vxi;":FREQ 19.9E6I1

6.

Set the HP E1440A phase reference, and step size t o

1 degree.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

:

STEP

1

DEG"

7. Using the following commands as appropriate, adjust the phase for a minimum reading on the DVM.

OUTPUT Vxi

"

:

Increment phase

OUTPUT Vxi

;

:PHAS DOWN"

Decrement phase

8. Record this minimum reading as Vo.

9. Calculate the dB ratio of

Vo t o

Vlk using the following formula:

Note

10. Add -6 dB to the ratio t o allow for the folding action of the mixer, and record the result on the Performance Test Record.

The specification is

-55 dB or lower (-54 dB fails).

The frequencies used minimize the phase noise contribution of the

r(rC

frequency synthesizer.



Frequency Accuracy

This

procedure compares the accuracy of the

HP

E1440A

output signal to the specification.

Specifications

f x of selected frequency (20°C t o 30°C).


Electronic counter (calibrated within three months or with an accurate 10

MHz external reference input)

Procedure

1.

Connect the

H P

E1440A signal output t o the electronic counter channel A input with a 50R feedthru termination. Allow the

HP

E1440A to warm up for 30 minutes and the counter's frequency reference to warm up for its specified period.

2. Set the

HP

E1440A output as follows:

High-Voltage Output Off

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

DC Offset

Sine

20 MHz

0.99 V(p-p)

0 V

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP AMPL OFF

;

:FUNC S1N;:FREQ 2E7;

:VOLT:AMPL

0.99;

:VOLT:OFFS

0"

3.

Set the counter's gate time to 0.01 s to measure the frequency of the A input with 0.1

Hz resolution. If necessary adjust the trigger level for stable triggering. The electronic counter should indicate

20,000,000.00 Hz f

Hz.

4. Change the

HP

E1440A frequency 10 MHz. Change the function to a square wave. The electronic counter should indicate

10,000,000.00 Hz Hz.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

FUNC SQU; FREQ 1E7"

5. Change the

HP

E1440A frequency 10 kHz.

Change the function t o a triangle. Set the counter's gate time to 0.1 s. The electronic counter should indicate 100,000.00 ns

OUTPUT Vxi

;

FREQ 1E4"

6. Change the

H P

E1440A function to a positive slope ramp. The electronic counter should indicate 100,000.00 ns

OUTPUT Vxi

;

:



Phase Increment

This procedure compares the phase increment accuracy of the

HP

Accuracy

E1440A t o the specification.

Specifications

k0.5"



Electronic Counter

Procedure

1.

Connect the equipment as shown in Figure C-6.

Figure C-6. Phase lncrement Accuracy Test Set-Up

2. Set the HP E1440A as follows:

High-Volt age Output Off

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

Sine

100 kHz

13

dBm

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP:AMPL OFF"

OUTPUT Vxi;":FUNC S1N;:FREQ 1E5"

OUTPUT Vxi

; :

VOLT :UNIT DBM

;

IS

OFFS

0"

3.

Set the synthesizer as follows:

Frequency

Amplitude

0.1

MHz

13

dBm

4. Set the counter as follows:

Function

Inputs

Slope A and B

Sample Size

Time Interval

50a, separate

Positive

10 k

5 . Set the phase units t o degrees, and assign current signal phase as the 0" phase reference.

-



OUTPUT

Vxi

;

OUTPUT Vxi

;

PHAS REF"

DEG"

6.

Set the counter display rate close to the "hold" position, then reset the counter. Record the counter reading in nanoseconds (to

2 decimal places) on the Performance Test Record in the space for Zero-Phase Time-Reference.

7.

Set the HP E1440A phase t o - l o .

OUTPUT Vxi

;

PHAS

-

1

8. Reset the counter. Record the counter reading in nanoseconds

(to 2 decimal places) in the space for 1" Increment Time Interval.

9. Determine the time difference between the counter readings

,nd the Zero-Phase Time-Reference and record it in the Time frequency.

10. Set the

HP

E1440A phase to -10".

OUTPUT Vxi

;

PHAS

-

10"

11. Reset the counter. Record the counter reading in the space for

10" Increment Time Interval.

12. Enter the time difference between the Zero-Phase Time-Reference and this reading in the Time Difference column. This represents

10' at the test frequency.

13. Set the HP

E1440A

phase to -100'.

OUTPUT Vxi;":PHAS

-100"

14.

Reset the counter. Record the counter reading in the space for

100" Increment Time Interval.

15.

Enter the time difference between the Zero-Phase Time-Reference and this reading in the Time Difference column. This represents

100' at the test frequency.

Performance tests C-2 1


Amplitude Accuracy

This procedure tests the amplitude accuracy of the

HP

E1440A

AC-function output signals.

Note

Specifications

See Chapter

1


AC/DC Digital Voltmeter

High Speed Digital DC Voltmeter

Analog Oscilloscope

50 R Feedthru Termination

Power Meter

Power Sensor

Resistor 500 R 2

W

1%

Resistor 475 R 2

W

1%

Resistor 50 R 118

W

1%

Capacitor 300 p F

5%

After each new amplitude setting you must perform an amplitude calibration:

OUTPUT Vxi

;

Amplitude Accuracy at Frequencies upto 100 kHz Procedure

1.

Sine wave Test.

Connect the HP E1440A signal output through a

5032 feedthru termination to the AC digital voltmeter input.

2. Set the HP E1440A as follows:

High-Voltage Output

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

DC Offset

Off

Sine

100 Hz

3.536 Vrms (10 V(p-p))

0 V

OUTPUT Vxi

;

"

OUTP

: ;

:FUNC S1N;:FREQ

1E2;

:VOLT AMPL 10

;

:VOLT:OFFS 0;

3.

Read the AC voltmeter. Change the HP E1440A frequency t o 1 kHz and 100 kHz and repeat.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

FREQ 1E3"

OUTPUT Vxi

; : IE5"

Verify that

all

three voltmeter readings are between 3.455 and

3.617 Vrms

I

C-22



4.

Change the

HP

E1440A

amplitude to

1.061

Vrms

(3

V(p-p)) and take

AC

voltage readings for 100

Hz,

1

kHz and 100 kHz as above.

OUTPUT Vxi :VOLT AMPL 3"

OUTPUT Vxi

OUTPUT Vxi

;

"

:

FREQ 1E5"

Verify that all three voltmeter readings are between 1.037 and

1.085

Vrms

(f dB).

5. Change the HP E1440A amplitude to 0.3536 Vrms (1 V(p-p)) and set the

DC

offset t o 1 mV. Set the HP E1440A frequency to

100

Hz, 1 kHz and 100 kHz, and read the AC voltage.

OUTPUT Vxi VOLT

OFFS 1MV"

:

OUTPUT Vxi FREQ 1E2"

OUTPUT Vxi;":FREQ lE3"

OUTPUT Vxi FREQ lE5"

Verify that all three readings are between 0.3370 and

0.3702

Vrms dB).

6.

Function Test. Set up the equipment as shown in Figure C-7

I

0

~~~~~~~

1;;hCE4[7R1d

HP E1400B

H i g h

Speed

DVM

I

5 0 O h m F o c d t h r v T c r m ~ n a f o r and BNC t o T r t ax C a b l e

Figure

C-7.

Function Amplitude Accuracy Test Set-Up

7.

Set the HP E1440A as follows:

High-Voltage Option Off

Function

Square

Frequency 99.9 Hz

Amplitude

DC

Offset

10

V(P-P>

0

V

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP:AMPL OFF;

:FUNC SQU;:FREQ 9.99E1;

:VOLT:AMPL 10;

:VOLT:OFFS 0;



8.

Set the voltmeter as follows:

Range

Trigger

Delay

Coupling

10

V

Ext

0 s

DC, 1

MR

9.

For

all

the

E1440A

frequency and function settings given in the following table: a. Set the voltmeter delay to the

Positive Peak

value given in the table and note the positive peak voltage of the waveform on the voltmeter. If the reading is not stable, press "hold" and

"ext" alternately t o repeat readings. b. Set the voltmeter delay to the

Negative Peak

value given in the table and note the negative peak voltage. c. Calculate the peak-to-peak voltage from the two readings and record it on the Test Record. This acceptable limits are given here and on the Test Record.

DVM delay (s) Limits (VPp)

":FUNC RUP"

":FUNC RDOW"

Positive Peak Negative Peak Minimum M k u m

0.0075

0.01

0.005

0.0125

0.00001

0.0149

9.85

9.85

9.85

10.15

10.15

10.15

":FUNC R D O W

":FREQ

1.01E5"

":FUNC SQU"

":FREQ 1E4" ":FUNC TRI"

":FUNC RUP"

":FUNC RDOW"

10. Change the

HP

E1440A amplitude to 3 V(p-p), and perform a calibration.

OUTPUT Vxi;":VOLT:AMPL 3;

C-24



11. Repeat steps 9a to 9c for all the

E1440A

frequency and function settings given in the following table:

: V P d

Maximum

3.045

3.045

3.045

3 .045

3.045

3 .O45

3.045

3.045

3.300

3.150

3.300

3.300

12.

Change the

HP

E1440A amplitude to 1 V(p-p), offset to 1 mV and perform a calibration.

OUTPUT Vxi;":VOLT:AMPL

1;

:VOLT:OFFS

1

MV;

13. Repeat steps

9a

to 9c for

all

the

E1440A frequency and function settings given in the following table:

E1440A DVM delay

(s)

Limits

(Vpp)

Frequency

":FREQ 9.9931''

":FREQ 1E3"

":FREQ 2E3"

":FREQ 5E2"

":FREQ 1.01E5"

":FREQ 1E4"

Function

":FUNC SQU"

Positive Peak Negative Peak

Minimum

Maximum

0.0075

":FUNC TRI"

":FUNC RUP"

0.0075

0.01

":FUNC R D O W 0.005

":FUNC SQU"

":FUNC TRI"

":FUNC RUP"

":FUNC RDOW"

":FUNC SQU"

":FUNC

TRI"

":FUNC RUP"

":FUNC RDOW"

0.00075

0.000375

0.0020

0.001

0.0000075

0.000075

0.000098

0.0000525

0.0125

0.0125

0.00001

0.0149

0.00125

0.000625

0.000012

0.00297

0.0000125

0.000125

0.000006

0.000146

0.978

0.973

0.973

0.973

0.978

0.973

0.973

0.973

0.900

0.938

0.888

0.888

1.022

1.027

1.027

1.027

1.022

1.027

1.027

1.027

1.100

1.062

1.112

1.112



High-Voltage Output (Option

001)

Amplitude Accuracy for Frequencies

_<

100

kHz


14.

Sine wave Test.

Connect

the

HP

E1440A

signal output t o the

AC voltmeter as shown in Figure

C-8.

0

0

C2

0

0 z 0

0

Voltmeter

( H P 3 4 5 6 A )

HP E1400B

5 0 0

O h m

2 W 1%

0

Figure C-8. High voltage sinewave accuracy test set-up.

15.

Set up the HP E1440A as follows:

High-Voltage Option

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

DC Offset

O N

Square

2

kHz

40 V(P-P)

0 V and calibrate.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP

: ;


:VOLT:AMPL

40;

:VOLT:OFFS

0 ;

"

16.

Record the voltmeter reading on the Test Record.

It should lie between

13.86

and 14.42 Vrms.

17. High-Voltage Function Test.

Connect the equipment as shown in

Figure

C-9.



EXT

H i g h

Speed

DVM

(HP

3 4 3 7 R )

Figure C-9.

Function Amplitude Accuracy Test Set-Up (High-Voltage Output)

18. The voltage divider shown in Figure C-9 is built into a small metal box with 2 BNC connectors. Parts used are:

19. Set up the HP

E1440A

as follows:

High-Voltage Option ON

Function

Square

Frequency

2

kHz

Amplitude

DC

Offset

40 V(P-P)

0

V

and calibrate.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP : A W L ON;


:VOLT:AMPL 4 0 ;

:VOLT:OFFS 0 ;



20. For all the E1440A frequency and function settings given in the following table: a. Set the voltmeter delay t o the

Positive Peak

value given in the table and note the positive peak voltage of the waveform on the voltmeter.

If

the reading is not stable, press "hold" and

"ext" alternately t o repeat readings. b. Set the voltmeter delay to the

Negative

Peak

value given

in

the table and note the negative peak voltage. c. Calculate the peak-to-peak voltage from the two readings and record it on the Test Record. This acceptable limits are given here and on the Test Record.

E1440A

Frequency

":FREQ 2E3"

DVM delay (s) Limits (Vpp)

Function Positive Peak Negative Peak

Minimum

Maximum

":FUNC SQU"

":FUNC T R Y

0.000375

0.000375

":FUNC RUP" 0.000495

":FUNC RDOW" 0.000251

0.000625

0.000625

0.000508

0.00074

1.96

1.96

1.96

1.96

2.04

2.04

2.04

2.04

21. Switch off the high-voltage output.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP

: ;

Amplitude Accuracy (Frequencies

>

100 kHz)

Power Meter

(HP 436A)

L

Power Sensor (HP 8 4 8 2 A ) j d

Figure C-10.

Test set-up for Amplitude Accuracy Adjustment (Frequency

>

100 kHz)

1. Calibrate the power meter for the sensor using the 50 MHz,

1.00 mW power-reference output on the meter.



2.

Set

up

the

HP

E1440A

as follows:

Function

Frequency

Amplitude

DC Offset

Sine

1 MHz

6 Vp-p (19.54 dBm)

0

V

OUTPUT Vxi

;

:

;

FREQ lE6

;

:VOLT:AMPL

6 ;

:VOLT:OFFS 0 ;

OUTP ON"

3. Connect the output of the HP E1440A to the power meter via the power sensor, as shown in Figure C-10.

4. Switch the power meter t o read dBm.

5. Check that the indicated power level is 19.54 dBm

6. For the following frequency settings, check that the indicated power level is 19.54 dBm f

7. Set the HP E1440A output amplitude to 2

V

(10 dBm).

OUTPUT Vxi

; 2"

8. For the following frequency settings, check that the indicated power level is 10 dBm 50.6 dB.

":FREQ 1E6"

' T R E Q 5E6"

":FREQ 1E7"

":FREQ 1.5E7"

":FREQ 2E7"

9. Square wave accuracy.

Set the HP E1440A as follows:


Function Square

Frequency

1 kHz

Amplitude

DC Offset

10 V(P-P>

0

V

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP:AWL OFF;

:FUNC SQU;:FREQ 1E3;

:VOLT:AMPL 10;

:VOLT:OFFS 0 ;

10. Connect the HP E1440A signal output to an analog oscilloscope using a 50R feedthru termination. Set the oscilloscope as follows:

Vertical Sensitivity

Timeldiv

2 V/div

0.1 ms



11.

For each of the following frequency settings from

1

kHz

t o

10

MHz, verify that the two lines on the oscilloscope are 5 major divisions apart.


Amplitude Flatness above

100

kHz


12. Connect the HP E1440A output to the analog oscilloscope via a

500R, 300pF load/voltage divider, as shown in Figure C-11.

C o n n e c t t o E 1 4 4 0 R o u t p u t

3 0 Q p F

4 7 5 O h m

2

W 1 % C o n n e c t t o o s c i l l o s c o p e

50 Ohm

0 . 1 2 5 W 1 %

Figure C-11. 500

0 300 pF load/\loltage divider

The cable capacitance (30 pF/foot) must be included in the 300

PF.

13. Set the oscilloscope as follows:

Vertical Sensitivity

Timeldiv

Input Impedance

1 V/div

1 ms

High

14. Set the HP E1440A t o 40 V(p-p) sine wave and 1 kHz and adjust the oscilloscope intensity and focus for a sharp trace.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP AMPL ON

;


:VOLT AMPL

40

:VOLT OFFS

0"

15. For each of the following frequency settings from 1 kHz t o 1

MHz, verify that the two lines on the oscilloscope are 4 major divisions apart.



16.

Switch off the high voltage output.

OUTPUT

Vxi

;

OUTP

: A W L OFF"

Performance tests

C-31


DC Offset

Accuracy


HP

E1440A

DC

offset accuracy when no

AC

(DC only)

function output is present.

Specifications

1% of full range


DC Digital Voltmeter

500 Feedthru Termination

Procedure

1. Connect the HP E1440A signal output directly to the 500 feedthru termination and then with a cable t o the DC digital voltmeter input.

2. Set the output so that only the DC output is present.

OUTPUT V x i

;

3. Set the HP E1440A DC offset t o 5 V, and calibrate.

OUTPUT V x i ; :VOLT :

CAL?

I '

5 ;

4. The voltmeter reading should be between +4.950 and +5.050 V.

5. Change the HP E1440A DC offset to -5

V.

OUTPUT V x i ; :VOLT

:

;

6. The voltmeter reading should be between -4.950 and -5.050

V.

Attenuator Test.


7. Set the DC offset to the positive and negative voltages below.

The digital voltmeter reading should be within the tolerances shown for each voltage.

C-32



I

DC Offset

":VOLT:OFFS 1.499"

":VOLT:OFFS -1.499"

":VOLT:OFFS 499.9 MV"

":VOLT:OFFS -499.9 MV"



":VOLT:OFFS 49.99

MV"








Tolerances



8. Remove the 500 feedthru termination and connect the

HP

E1440A output directly to the voltmeter input.

9. Select the high-voltage output on the HP E1440A.

OUTPUT Vxi;":OUTP:AMPL ON"

10. Set the

HP

E1440A

DC

offset to 20

V.

OUTPUT Vxi

;

:VOLT OFFS

20"

11. The voltmeter reading should be +19.775 to 20.225

V.

12. Switch off the high voltage output.

OUTPUT Vxi

;



DC Offset Accuracy


HP E1440A DC

offset accuracy when

an AC

with

AC

Functions

function output is present.

Specifications

DC

+

AC, up to 1 MHz: 1.2%

For ramps up to 10 kHz: 2.4%

DC

+

AC, from

1

MHz t o 20 MHz: 3%


DC Digital Voltmeter

5052

Feedthru Termination

Procedure

1.

Connect the equipment as shown in Figure

C-12, and set the voltmeter to measure DC voltage.

-

V o l t m e t e r

(HP3456Fl)

5 0

Ohm F c c d t h r u ~ c r m l n a i o r /

1

Figure C-12. DC Offset Test Set-Up

2.

Set the HP E1440A output as follows, and calibrate:


Function Sine

Frequency

21

MHz

Amplitude

DC Offset

1

V P - P >

t 4 . 5

V

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP

:

;

:FUNC S1N;:FREQ 2.1E7;

:VOLT AMPL 1

:VOLT:OFFS 4.5;

CAL?

3.

After amplitude calibration (approximately 2 seconds) the voltmeter reading should be +4.350 t o +4.650 Vdc.

4.

Change the

HP

E1440A

DC offset to -4.5 V

OUTPUT Vxi;":VOLT:OFFS -4.5"

5.

The voltmeter reading should be -4.350 t o -4.650 Vdc.



6.

Change the

HP

E1440A

frequency t o

999.9

kHz.

OUTPUT V x i ; :

7.

The voltmeter reading should be

-4.440

t o

-4.560

Vdc.

8.

Change the

HP

E1440A

DC offset t o

$4.5

V.

OUTPUT V x i ; :VOLT : 4.5"

9. The voltmeter reading should be

+4.440

t o

$4.560

Vdc.

10.

Set the HP

E1440A

function to square.

OUTPUT V x i ;

11.


+4.440

to

f4.560

Vdc.

12.

Change the HP

E1440A

DC offset t o

-4.5

V.

OUTPUT V x i ; OFFS -4.5"

13.


-4.440

t o

-4.560

Vdc.

14.

Change the

HP

E1440A

frequency t o

9.9999

MHz.

OUTPUT V x i ;

15.


-4.350

t o

-4.650

Vdc.

16.

Set the HP

E1440A

function t o triangle, and frequency to

9.9

kHz.

OUTPUT V x i ; FUNC TRI ;

17.


-4.440

to

-4.560

Vdc.

18.

Set the HP

E1440A

function to positive ramp.

OUTPUT V x i

;

FUNC RUP

I'


-4.380

t o

-4.620

V.


C-35


Triangle Linearity

This procedure tests the linearity of the

HP

E1440A

triangle

wave

output. As the triangle and ramp outputs are generated by the same circuits, this procedure also tests the ramp linearity.

Specifications


High-speed DC Digital Voltmeter

Resistor, 20R 114

W

1%

Resistor,

30R

114 W

1%

BNC-to-Triax Adapter

Procedure

1. Connect the HP E1440A and the high-speed voltmeter through the divider as shown in Figure

C-13.

H l g h Speed DVM

HP E1400B

Figure C-13. Triangle Linearity Test Set-Up

2. Set the HP E1440A output as follows:


Function

Triangle

Frequency 10 kHz

Amplitude

DC

Offset

10 V P - P >

0 V

OUTPUT Vxi

;

OUTP

:

;

:FUNC TR1;:FREq 1E4;

VOLT

:

10

:VOLT:OFFS

0"

3. Set the voltmeter as follows:

Range

Number of readings

Trigger

1 V

1

External



The

HP

3437A

triggers on the negative going edge

of

the

KP E1440A

sync square wave.

4.

Set the voltmeter delay to 0.00003 (seconds). Record the voltmeter reading on the Performance Test Record under

Slope Measurement,

(10%)

Positive

.

This is the 10% point on the positive slope of the triangle.

5 .

Measure the voltage at each 10% segment point by setting the voltmeter delay to the following. Enter on the Performance

Test Record in the appropriate spaces under

Positive Slope

Measurement.

Delay

0.000035

0.00004

0.000045

0.00005

0.000055

0.00006

0.000065

0.00007

Percent of Slope

20

30

40

5 0

60

70

80

9 0

6.

Algebraically add the voltages recorded in the

Positive Slope

Measurement

column and enter the total in the C y space.

7. Measure the voltage at each 10% segment point on the negative slope by setting the voltmeter delay t o the following. Enter on the Performance Test Record in the appropriate spaces under

Negative Slope Measurement.

Delay

0.00008

0.000085

0.00009

0.000095

0.0001

0.000105

0.00011

0.000115

0.00012

Percent of Slope

90

80

70

6 0

50

40

30

20

10

8.

Algebraically add the voltages recorded in the

Negative Slope

Measurement

column and enter the total in the C y space.

9. For the

Positive Slope Measurement

results, multiply Cy by

45

(which is


C-37


Note

10.

Multiply each

y

value

by

the corresponding

x

value and enter in the x times y column. Total these values and enter in the Cxy space.

11. The equation for determining the best fit straight line specification for each y-value is: where a1 and a0 are constants to be calculated from the data taken previously.

Calculate the values of a1 and

% to at least five decimal places.

12. First determine the value of a1 using the following equation:

-

* al =

Cxy

Ex2

-

n

where Cx, Cy, Cxy, CxCy,Cx2

, and ( c x ) ~ , are the previously calculated values entered on the Performance Test Record. where n=9 (the number of points to be calculated).

13. Determine the value of

Q

using the equation:

14.

Calculate the best-fit straight line y7 value for each point (yl through y9) using the equation:

Enter each result on the Performance Test Record in the Best-Fit

Straight Line column.

15. For each delay

(x),

subtract the calculated voltage (y') from the measured voltage (y). Find the largest positive voltage difference

(+VmX) and the largest negative difference (-V,,,). following formula, compute the

% linearity.

Using the

16. Add the voltages recorded in the Negative Slope Measurement column algebraically and enter the total in the Cy space.

17. Repeat steps 8 through 14 t o determine the best fit straight line values and linearity for the negative slope.

C-38



PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION TEST RECORD: Hewlett-Packard E1440A Function/Sweep Generator.

Serial No:

...........................

Report No:

..........................

Date:

-----------

Test

Facility

:

Test Conditions

:

Installed Options

:

Ambient Temperature

:

Relative Humidity

:

Line Frequency

:

Special

Notes

:

"C

%

Hz

Page

1 of 10




Test Equipment

Used :

Description

Digital Oscilloscope

Counter

Digital Voltmeter

Spectrum Analyzer

AC Voltmeter


High-speed D C Voltmeter

Power Meter

Power Sensor

Controller

Command Module

VXI Mainframe

Model No.

Serial No.

Trace No.

-

Cal.Due Date


Page 2 of

10



--

Harmonic Distortion

Harmonic Distortion Test

Fundamental Frequency

20 MHz

15 MHz

14.9 MHz

2

MHz

1.99 MHz

200 kHz

50 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

100 Hz


100 Hz

1 kHz

10 kHz

200 kHz

1 MHz

Pass

0 0

Specification

Page 3 of

10




Spurious Signals

Spurious Signal Test

Mixer Spurious

2.001 MHz

4.100 MHz

6.100 MHz

8.100 MHz

10.100 MHz

12.100 MHz

14.100 MHz

16.100 MHz

18.100 MHz

20.100 MHz

5.001 MHz

5.0001 MHz

5.00001 MHz

5.000001 MHz

20.001 MHz

20.001 MHz

20.001 MHz

20.001 MHz

2:l spur 3:2 spur

Pass

0

0

Specification


Page 4 of 10


PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION TEST RECORD: Hewlett-Packard E1440A FunctionJSweep Generator.

Integrated Phase

Noise

Integrated Phase Noise Test

1st voltmeter reading

Vlk

2nd voltmeter reading

Vo

Pass

0 0

Result

-

6 dB

-

............................ dB

Specification

.......................

-

-55

dB

Frequency Accuracy

Frequency Accuracy Test

Sine, 20 MHz

Square, 10 MHz

Triangle, 10 kHz (100,000 ns)

Ramp, 10 kHz (100,000 ns)

Pass

0 0

Phase Increment

Accuracy

Phase Increment Accuracy Test

Pass

0 0

Measured

Minimum

Time

Difference

Maximum

Zero-Phase Time-Reference

100' Increment Time

-----------

-----------

13.89 ns

10' Increment Time Interval

-----------

263.89 ns

-----------

2763.89ns

Interval

-----------

41.67 ns

-----------

291.67 ns

-----------

2791.67ns

Page 5 of 10




Amplitude Accuracy

Amplitude Accuracy Test

Sine wave Test

Amplitude: 3.536 Vrms

Sine, 100 Hz:

Sine, 1 kHz:

Sine, 100 kHz:


Sine, 100 Hz:

Sine, 1 kHz:

Sine, 100 kHz:


DC,

1 mV

Sine, 100 Hz:

Sine, 1 kHz:

Sine, 100 kHz:

Minimum

3.455 v

3.455

3.455 v v

1.037 V

1.037 V

1.037 V

0.3370 V

0.3370 V

0.3370 V

Amplitude Accuracy Test (continued)

Function Test

Amplitude: 10 V(p-p)

Square, 99.9 Hz

Triangle, 99.9 Hz

Pos. Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Square, 1 kHz

Triangle, 2 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 500 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 500 Hz

Square, 101 kHz

Triangle, 10 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 10 kHz

Neg. Ramp, 10 kHz

Amplitude: 3 V(p-p)

Square, 99.9 Hz

Triangle, 99.9 Hz

Pos.

Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Square, 1 kHz

Triangle, 2 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 500 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 500 Hz

Square, 101 kHz

Triangle, 10 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 10 kHz

Neg. Ramp, 10 kHz

Minimum

9.95 v

9.85 V

9.85 V

9.85 V

9.95 v

9.85 V

9.85 V

9.85 V

9.50 V

9.50 V

9.00 V

9.00 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.955 V

2.700 V

2.850 V

2.700 V

2.700 V

C-44


Page

6 of

10

Measured

Pass

0

0


Amplitude Accuracy Test (continued)

Function Test

Amplitude: 1 V(p-p)

DC: 1 mV

Square, 99.9 Hz

Triangle, 99.9 Hz

Pos. Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 99.9 Hz

Square, 1 kHz

Triangle, 2 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 500 Hz

Neg. Ramp, 500 Hz

Square, 101 kHz

Triangle, 10 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 10 kHz

Neg. Ramp, 10 kHz

Minimum

0.978 V

0.973 V

0.973 V

0.973 V

0.978 V

0.973 V

0.973 V

0.973 V

0.900 V

0.938 V

0.888 V

0.888 V

Measured

Maximum

1.022 V

1.027 V

1.027 V

1.027 V

1.022 v

1.027 V

1.027 V

1.027 V

1.100 v

1.062 V

1.112 v

1.112 v


Sine wave Test


Sine, 2 kHz

Function Test

Amplitude: 40 V(p-p)

Square, 2 kHz

Triangle, 2 kHz

Pos. Ramp, 2 kHz

Neg. Ramp, 2 kHz

Amplitude Accuracy Test

(>

100 kHz)

Sine, 19.54 dBm, 1 MHz

5 MHz

10 MHz

15 MHz

20 MHz

Sine, 10 dBm, 1 MHz

5 MHz

10 MHz

15 MHz

20 MHz

Minimum

13.86 V

Minimum

1.96 V

1.96 V

1.96 V

1.96 V

Minimum

19.14 dBm

19.14 dBm

19.14 dBm

19.14 dBm

19.14 dBm

9.4 dBm

9.4 dBm

9.4 dBm

9.4 dBm

9.4 dBm

Measured

----------------

Maximum

14.42 V

Measured Maximum

2.04 V

2.04 V

2.04 V

2.04 V

MEASURED

Maximum

19.94 dBm

19.94 dBm

19.94 dBm

19.94 dBm

19.94 dBm

10.6 dBm

10.6 dBm

10.6 dBm

10.6 dBm

10.6 dBm

Pass

0

Fail

0

Square, 10 V(p-p)


Sine, 40 V(p-p)

Pass

0

Fail

0

Page 7 of 10




DC Offset

Accuracy

(DC only)

DC O&et Accuracy Test (DC Only)

Pass

0 0


C-46


Page

8 of

10



-

DC

Offset Accuracy with AC Function

DC Offset Accuracy Test with AC Functions

Sine, 21 MHz

4.5 v

-4.5 V

Sine, 999.9 kHz

4.5 V

-4.5 v

Square, 999.9 kHz

4.5 v

-4.5 v

Square, 9.9999 MHz

-4.5 v

Triangle, 9.9 kHz

-4.5 v

Ramp, 9.9 kHz

-4.5 v

Minimum

+4.350 V

-4.350 V

+4.440 V

-4.440 V

+4.440 V

-4.440 V

-4.350

V

-4.440

V

-4.380 V

Measured

Pass

0 0

Maximum

4.650 V

-4.650 V

-t-4.560 V

-4.560 V

$4.560 V

-4.560 V

-4.650 V

-4.560

V

-4.620 V

Page 9 of

10

Performance


tests C-47

Triangle Linearity

Triangle Linearity Test (Positive Slope) x Values

Positive Slope

Measurement

3' x times y

Calculated

Best-fit

Straight Line

9'

Pass

0 0

Difference

Y

-

Y'

%

Linearity (Positive Slope):

Triangle Linearity Test (Negative Slope) x Values

Negative Slope

Measurement

Y x times y Calculated

Best-fit

Straight Line

Y'

Pass

0 0

Difference

Y

-

Y'

%

Linearity (Negative Slope):




1 ntroduction

The two tables below, summarize the commands available for the

HP

E1440A. The commands are fully described in Chapter 5

Command Reference. Sample programs may be found in chapters

3

and 4.

SCPl Command Quick Reference

I

C o m m a n d

:ABORt

S u b - c o m m a n d & P a r a m e t e r

:CALibration [:ALL]?

:INITiate :CONTinuous O N l O F F

[:IMMediate]

D e s c r i p t i o n

Aborts current sweep

Checks i n s t r u m e n t calibration

Enables/disables continuous sweeps

S t a r t s a sweep cycle

[:STATe] O N l O F F

:AMPLify

1

[:STATe] O N l O F F

Switches/disconnects signal a t o u t p u t connector

Specifies t h e High-voltage Amplifier(0pt 001)

I

Switches High-voltage Amplifier on or off

Controls T T L trigger line o u t p u t s

Selects source for T T L trigger

Switches off all trigger lines

I

: A O F F

:VOLTagel:POWer(CURRent

[:LEVel]

[:IMMediate]

[:AMPLitude]

: O F F S e t

:UNIT VlDBMlVRMS

Sets a m p l i t u d e of unswept signal

Specifies signal offset

Defines u n i t of a m p l i t u d e

:AM

:STAT= O N l O F F

Specifies Amplitude Modulated signal

AM Signal enabled o r disabled

I

:FREQuency [:CWI:FIXed] Defines signal frequency characteristics, constant wave or fixed

:MODE CWlFIXedlSWEeplLIST Determine which

:STARt

I

: S T O P

Specifies sweep s t a r t frequency

I

Specifies sweep s t o p frequency

Specifies sweep c e n t e r frequency

I

I I

:HOLD

:LINK CENTerlSTARtlSTOP

:FULL

[:SOURce]

Specifies overall frequency s p a n

I

Maintains span frequency as set

Links s p a n t o s t a r t , s t o p or center frequency

Specifies sweep equa1 t o full range of i n s t r u m e n t

:FUNCtion

[:SHAPe] DCISINusoidalJSQUare

Controls s h a p e a n d a t t r i b u t e s of o u t p u t signal

( T R I a n g l e l R U P ( R D O W n / T T L Specify s h a p e of o u t p u t waveform


B-1


S u b - c o m m a n d

&

P a r a m e t e r

J S T

FREQUENCY

:STARt <num>[,<num]..

:POINts?

: S T O P

:POINts?

:MARKer

:POINts?

:POINts?

:SPACing

:POINts?

:DWELl

:POINts?

:SEQuence

:POINts?

SCPl

Command Quick Reference (continued)

D e s c r i p t i o n

O u t p u t signal sweeps t o a set of accompanying lists

Specifies frequency points for list

List of sweep s t a r t frequencies

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n s t a r t list

List of sweep s t o p frequencies

1

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n s t o p list

List of sweep markers

R e t u r n s no. of markers i n list

Sets markers o n l o f f

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n s t a t e list

List of sweep t y p e , linear or logarithmic

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n spacing list

Specifies dwell t i m e occurances for lists

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n dwell list

Defines a sequence for stepping t h r o u g h a list

R e t u r n s no. of entries i n sequence list

Sets marker on o r off

[:ADJust]

: S T E P

:REFerence

Controls phase offset value relative t o reference

Controls s t e p size i n radians ( c a n specify D E G or R A D )

: T I M E

:RETRace

:AUTO O N l O F F l O N C E

Sets duration of sweep

Sets duration of sweep retrace t i m e

Couples or isolates R E T R a c e t i m e t o l f r o m T I M E

:CONDition?

:ENABle <integer no.>

:ENABlc?

:PTRansition <integer no.>

:PTRansition?

R e t u r n s content of associated condition register

Allows event register t o b e pre-loaded

R e a d event register

Loads a positive transition filter

Reads t h e positive transition filter

D-2

Command

Quick

Reference


SCPI Command Quick Reference (continued)

Command Sub-command

&

Parameter

:STATUS :QUEStionable

:FREQ

Description

Same as Operation but on Ques. status register

'

Allows operations on assoc. Ques. Frequency register

Loads status register with preset pattern

:STAlhs

:SYSTem

:PREset

:ERROR?

:PREset

:VERSion

Returns error number to controller

Presets instrument to known state

Returns SCPI version compatible with instrument

Command Quick Reference D-3


Common Command Summary

Zommand

KCLS t

ESE tESE?

BESR?

rIDH?

COPC

COPC?

*RCL<n>

*RST

*SAV<n>

*SRE

*SUE?

*STB?

*TST?

*YAI

Function

Clears instrument status, leaves it Idle

Sets Standard Event Status ENABLE register

Returns content of Standard Event Status ENABLE register

Returns content of Standard Event Status register

Identification Query, instrument identifies itself

Operation Complete, ensures input queue is parsed, sweep is no longer running, then sets "completed" bit in event register

Operation Complete Query

Recall instrument setting n

Reset, resets instrument to known state

Save instrument setting n

Service Request Enable, presets bits in SRE register

Service Request Enable Query, returns content of SRE register

Read Status Byte Query, returns value of status register content

Wait to Continue, causes instrument to halt until sweep is no longer running

D-4



Error Messages

Introduction

This chapter contains a list of the HP E1440A device-dependent error messages. In addition to them, the El440 command parser issues syntax error messages. These syntax error messages are normally self-explanatory, e.g. "Number overflow", They are defined by

IEEE 488.2 and the TMSL standard.

The types of error which would occur in the HP E1440A fall into a narrow band within the standard VXIbus error messages allowed.

The HP E1440A is able to add an appropriate comment to an error message, in order to provide further information. For this reason, most error messages will appear in this list several times, but with a different qualifying message.

Y

Message List

+100,"Query not allowed; Cannot interrogate frequency in mode

SWEEP/LISTW

Triggered by :FREQ? command. The current frequency cannot be interrogated while FREQ:MODE is LIST or SWEEP.

-108,"Parameter not allowed; Parameter list is too long (>50 parameters)"

Triggered by :LIST:FREQ:xxxx commands or L1ST:DWELl command. Attempt t o program one of the lists mentioned below with more than 50 parameters.

-108,"Parameter not allowed; Sequence is too long t o be stored"

Triggered by :LIST:SEQ command. Attempt to program a sequence that needs more than 300 entries. The required number of entries is:

(the number of single points)

+

(number of ranges

*

3).

-200,"Execution error; No external reference signal detectable"

Triggered by :ROSC:SOUR command. Attempt t o select reference oscillator source EXT and no AC signal is detectable on the front panel 'Ext Ref in' connector.

+200,"Command not allowed; Amplitude is O(fixed) for DC function"

Triggered by :VOLT command.

In

DC function, only the offset and not the amplitude can be modified.

Error Messages

E-1


E-2 Error Messages

+200,CbCommand in mode

SWEEPJLIST"

Triggered by: all commands that attempt t o alter parameters in the

SWEEPILIST subsystem. Also *SAV, *TST? and

CAL?.

Switch

FREQ:MODE to CW or FIX beforehand.

+200,"Command not allowed; Cannot accept fiequency for DC function"

Triggered by :FREQ command. Attempt has been made to enter frequency while output function is DC, the two actions are incompatible

+2OO,"Command not allowed; Cannot accept phase for

D

C function"

Triggered by :PHAS command. Attempt t o enter phase while output function is DC, this is not possible

+2OO,"Command not allowed; Parameter is fixed for

Triggered by :VOLT or V0LT:OFFS command. The main output is always off in TTL function, the only output is the SYNC output.

The SYNC signal characteristic is not alter able.

-213,"Init ignored; Sweep is currently running or frequency mode is

FIX"

Triggered by :INIT. Attempt to start a sweep while sweep is already running or while frequency mode is fixed (non sweeping).

-221,"Settings codict; AC Voltage in Vrms/dBm out of range in new function"

Triggered by :FUNC command. The instrument maintains the output voltage over function changes in the current default unit. If the current default unit is not V (VRMS or dBm) a value legal for one output function, may not be legal for another.

In

other words

: the Vpp voltage that represents

X

dBm in SIN function is different from the Vpp voltage for function

.

X

dBm in SQU

-221,"Settings confiict; Active marker in logarithmic interval"

Triggered by :FREQ:MODE command. One of the in-sequence intervals used, has spacing LOG and a marker ON.

-221,"Settings confiict; Active marker outside sweep span"

Triggered by :FREQ:MODE command. There is a marker switched on outside the frequency span defined by start and stop.

-221,"Settings codict; Already another marker trigger on"

Triggered by :OUTP:TTLT:STAT and 0UTP:TTLT:SOUR command. Cannot accept marker trigger on, because another marker trigger is on. The marker trigger can only be applied t o one line.

-221,"Settings confiict

;

Triggered by :OUTP:TTLT:STAT and 0UTP:TTLT:SOUR command. Cannot accept sync trigger on, because another sync trigger is on. The sync trigger can only be applied to one line.

-


-221,"Settings c o d i c t ;

AM

allowed for function sines only"

Triggered

by

:FUNC

or

AM

command.

It

is not permissible to switch

AM

on while function is not

SIN

and (vice versa) nor is it permissible to select a function other than

SIN

while

AM

is on.

-221,"Settings confiict; Current output function is not sweep able"

Triggered by :FREQ:MODE command. Attempt t o switch frequency mode to SWEEP or LIST while function is DC or TTL.

-221,"Settings conflict; Frequency too high for post amplifier"

Triggered by :FREQ or 0UTP:AMPL command. state ON, the frequency is limited to 1 MHz.

If

post amplifier

-221,"Settings confiict; Frequency too high for TTL trigger lines"

Triggered by :FREQ or 0UTP:TTLT command. If SYNC signal is routed t o one of the 8 TTL trigger lines and the line driver is enabled, the frequency is limited to 10 MHz (VXI back plane bandwidth).

-221,"Settings conflict; Lists are too short for sequence"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. There is an index in the sweep sequence that is higher than the length of the lists.

-221,"Settings conflict; List lengths are different and not 1"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. All lists (start, stop, mark, spacing, marker on and dwell) must have the same length or must have the length 1. (A list with length 1 is treated as a list of the required length with the entry in slot 1 duplicated as often as necessary.)

-221,"Settings conflict; No dBm allowed when post amplifier is active"

Triggered by: VOLT or 0UTP:AMPL command. It is not permissible to program a dBm voltage while the post amplifier is active and (vice versa) and it is not permissible t o switch the post amplifier on while the current voltage unit is dBm.

-221,"Settings conflict; No room for markers"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. Time distance between start and stop frequency is too short t o place a marker in between. (The minimal distance between start

- b

marker, marker

- b

marker or marker

- b

stop is 1.5 ms.)

-221,"Settings confiict; Span for LOG interval too low

(<

1 decade)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. Stop frequency of a LOG interval is less than 10 times start frequency.

-221,"Settings conflict; Start fiequency for

LOG

interval too low

(<

1)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. Start frequency of one of the

LOG intervals is less than 1

Hz.

-221,"Settings conflict; Start frequency too high for post amplifier"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. If post amplifier state ON, the start frequency is limited t o 1 MHz.

Error Messages E-3


-221,"Settings c o d i c t ; Start frequency

too high

for

TTL

trigger

lines"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command.

If

SYNC signal is routed to one of the

8

TTL

trigger lines and the line driver is enabled, the start frequency is limited t o 10 MHz (VXI back plane bandwidth).

-221,"Settings conflict; Stop frequency of

LOG

interval is lower than start"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. LOG interval has been used with negative span (stop

< start).

-221,"Settings c o d i c t ; Stop frequency too high for post a m p u e r "

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. If post amplifier state ON, the stop frequency is limited t o

1

MHz.

-221,"Settings conflict; Stop frequency too high for

TTL trigger lines"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. If SYNC signal is routed to one of the 8 TTL trigger lines and the line driver is enabled, the stop frequency is limited t o 10 MHz (VXI back plane bandwidth).

-221,"Settings conflict; Sync and Marker cannot drive the same trigger line"

Triggered by: 0UTP:TTLT:STAT and 0UTP:TTLT:SOUR command. Cannot accept sync trigger and marker trigger on the same line

-221,"Settings c o d i c t ; Time distance start-mark-stop too low

(<1.5

ms)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. The minimal distance between start

-> marker, marker

-> marker or marker

-> stop is

1.5 ms.

-222,"Data out of range; AC Voltage is out of range"

Triggered by: VOLT command. Requested AC voltage is out of absolute bounds.

-222,"Data out of range; AC Voltage is incompatible with DC offset"

Triggered by: VOLT or V0LT:OFFS command. The peak output level (abs(0FFSET)

+

112

VOLTAGE) that would result, exceeds the output amplifier limits.

-222,"Data out of range; Active marker is out of interval"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. One of the switched ON markers is outside the interval borders. There is a

1.5 ms minimal distance between the marker and the start/stop point.

-222,"Data out of range; Any list frequency is out of range"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. Any one of the list frequencies is too high or negative.

-222,"Data out of range; A list dwell time is out of range"

Triggered by: 0UTP:AMPL command.

I

E-4

Error Messages


-222,"Data out of range;

DC

Offset is out of range"

Triggered

by:

V0LT:OFFS command. Requested

DC

offset voltage is out of absolute bounds.

-222,"Data out of range; Dwell time of

LOG

interval too low (<O.ls)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. Dwell time for one of the

LOG intervals is less than 0.1 sec.

-222,"Data out of range; Frequency is too low"

Triggered by: FREQ command. FIX frequency is

<

0.

-222,"Data out of range; Frequency too high for output function"

Triggered by: FUNC or FREQ command. FREQ is too high for the output function.

-222,"Data out of range; Marker index is out range"

Triggered by: MARK:STAT and MARK:FREQ command. Attempt to set marker index outside the range 1

..

9.

-222,"Data out of range; Phase offset is out of range (-720

..

720 deg)"

Triggered by: PHAS command. Attempt to set phase outside the range -720

..

720 degree.

-222,"Data out of range; *SAV/*RCL register number out of range (0

..

9)''

Triggered by: *SAV or "RCL command. Command argument

(register number) is outside the range 0

..

9.

-222,"Data out of range; Start frequency in list is too high or negative"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. One of the sequenced start frequencies in the list, is too high or negative.

-222,"Data out of range; Start frequency is too low"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. FREQ:STAR value is too low (negative).

-222,"Data out of range; Start frequency too high for output function"

Triggered by:

FREQMODE

high for the output function.

command.

FREQSTAR

value is too

-222,"Data out of range; Stop frequency in list is too high or negative"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. One of the sequenced stop frequencies in the list, is too high or negative.

-222,"Data out of range; Stop frequency is too low"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. FREQ:STOP value is too low (negative).

-222,"Data out of range; Stop frequency too high for output function"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. FREQ:STOP value is too high for the output function.

Error

Messages

E-5


-222,"Data out of range; Sweep span is out of range"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. The requested sweep span would require a startlstop frequency outside the legal range.

-222,"Data out of range; Sweep time is out of range (10 ms

..

100000 s)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. The SWE:TIME or

SWE:RTIM value is out of range.

-222,"Data out of range; Sweep time too low

(

<

10 ms

)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. The SWEEP:TIME or

SWE:RTIM or one of the dwell values used in sequence, is less than

10 ms.

-222,"Data out of range; Too many points in sweep sequence (>100)"

Triggered by: FREQ:MODE command. The expanded length of the sweep sequence is greater than 100.

-222,"Data out of range; Trigger line index is out range"

Triggered by: 0UTP:TTLT:STAT and 0UTP:TTLT:SOUR command. Attempt to set trigger line index out the range 0

-

7.

-240,"Hardware error; Device bus transfer timed out9'

Triggered by: asynchronous check and self test. Device bus transfer poll routine timed out, this is a hardware fault!

-240,"Hardware error; Voltage calibration failed"

Triggered by: FUNC or CAL? command. This is a hardware fault.

Please report error and returned value from CAL? command to service personnel.

-241,"Hardware missing; Opt. 001 (post a m p a e r ) not installed"

Triggered by: 0UTP:AMPL command post amplifier option

001 is missing. Hardware not installed.

-

330,"Self- test failed; Device bus read failed"

Triggered by: *tst? command This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test W e d ; Device bus read/write failed"

Triggered by: *tst? command Device bus read or write does not work. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from "TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Frac.-N chip readlwrite (pat tern:

0600000000000000) failed"

Triggered by: *tst? command This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from

"TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"SelGtest failed; Frac.-N chip read/write (pattern:

0598765432101200) failed"

Triggered by: *tst? command This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from 'TST? command to service personnel.

I

-

E-6

Error

Messages


-330,"Self-test failed; missing

Frat.-N chip sweep interrupt"

Triggered by: *tst? command This

is

a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command t o service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Operating system timer interrupt missing"

Triggered by: *TST? command. The lOms timer interrupt for the operating system is not detectable. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from "TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Operating system timer period time too high"

Triggered by: *TST? command. The period of the 10 ms opsys timer is significantly greater than 10 ms. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from 'TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Operating system timer period time too low"

Triggered by: 'TST? command. The period of the 10 ms opsys timer is significantly less than 10 ms. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Sweep timer interrupt missing"

Triggered by: *TST? command. The 1 ms timer interrupt derived from frac-n reference clock is not detectable. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Sweep timer period time too high"

Triggered by: *TST? command. The period of the 1 ms sweep timer is significantly greater than 1 ms. This is a hardware fault. Please report error arid returned value from

*TST?

command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Sweep timer period time too low"

Triggered by: *TST? command. The period of the 1 ms sweep timer is significantly less than 1 ms. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command t o service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed;

RAM

test failed5'

Triggered by: *TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed;

ROM

test failed"




E-8 Error Messages

-330,"Self-test

failed;

unexpected

Frat.-N

chip sweep interrupt"

Triggered by: *tst? command This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from "ST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; VCO 30

MHz

minus unlocked"

Triggered by: "st? command VCO unlocked by 30

MHz

and minus bit. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.


MHz

plus unlocked"

Triggered by: *tst? command VCO unlocked by

30

MHz

and plus bit. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"SeKtest failed; VCO 60

MHz

minus unlocked"

Triggered by: "tst? command VCO unlocked by 60

MHz

and minus bit. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.


MHz

plus unlocked"

Triggered by: *tst? comma.nd VCO unlocked by 60

MHz

and plus bit. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self- test failed; Voltage calibration failed: level

FLIP

FLOP is defect"

Triggered by: 'TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from "TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Voltage calibration failed: level never above low signal peak"

Triggered by: "TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from 'TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Voltage calibration failed: level never above high signal peak"

Triggered by: 'TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self- test failed; Voltage calibration Wed: level never below high signal peak"


-330,"Self-test failed; Voltage calibration failed: level never below low signal peak"

Triggered by: *TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from 'TST? command to service personnel.

-


-330,"Self-test failed; Voltage calibration failed: dc offset ripple too high"

Triggered

by:

*TST? command.

This is

a hardware fault. Please

report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.

-330,"Self-test failed; Voltage calibration

failed:

offset or gain out of range"

Triggered by: "TST? command. This is a hardware fault. Please report error and returned value from *TST? command to service personnel.




l nformation

Hewlett-Packard products are sold and supported worldwide through local HP Offices.

To contact the closest sales and service office, check your telephone directory, or contact one of the Headquarters listed below.

Asia

Hewlett-Packard Asia Ltd.

22/F, Bond Center

West Tower, 89 Queensway, Central, Hong Kong

G.P.O. Box 863, Hong Kong

Telephone: 5-848 7777, Telex: 76793 HPA HX, Cable: HPASIAL

TD

Canada

Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd.

6877 Goreway Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L4V 1M8, Canada

Telephone: (416) 678-9430, Telex: 069-8644, Fax: (416) 678-9421

Eastern Europe

Hewlett-Packard Ges.m.b.H

Lieblgasse 1

P.O. Box 72, A-1222 Vienna, Austria

Telephone: (222) 2500-0, Telex: 13 4425 HEPA A

Northern Europe

Hewlett-Packard

S.A.

V.D. Hooplaan 241

P.O. Box 999, NL-118

LN

15 Amstelveen, The Netherlands

Telephone:

20

547 9999, Telex: 189 19 hpner

South East Europe

Hewlett-Packard S.A.

World Trade Center

110 Avenue Louis-Casai, 1215 Cointrin Geneva, Switzerland

Telephone: (022) 98 96 51, Telex: 27225 hpser

Mail Address:

P.O. Box CH-1217 Meyrin 1, Geneva, Switzerland


F-1


Middle East and Central

Hewlett-Packard S.A.

Africa

International Sales Branch

Middle East/Central Africa Sales H.Q.

7, Rue du Bois-du-Lan

P.O. Box 364, CH-1217 Meyrin 1, Geneva, Switzerland

Telephone: (022) 83 12 12, Telex: 27835 hmea, Cable:

HEWPACKSA Geneve,

Fax:

783 7535

European Operations

Hewlett-Packard

S

.A.

150, Route du Nante d7Avril

CH-1217 Meyrin 2 Geneva, Switzerland

Telephone: (41122) 780.8111, Fax: 780 8542

United Kingdom

Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

Nine Mile Ride, Wokingham, Berkshire, R G l l 3LL

Telephone: 0344 773 100, Telex: 848805, Fax: (441344) 763526

Unitesf States

of

Customer Information Center

America

(800) 752-0900

6.00AM t o 5PM Pacific Time

Eastern USA

Hewlett-Packard Co.

4 Choke Cherry Road, Rockville, MD 20850

Telephone: (301) 670-4300

Midwestern USA

Hewlett-Packard Co.

5201 Tollview Drive, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008

Telephone (312) 255-9800

Southern USA

Hewlett-Packard Co.

2015 South Park Place, Atlanta,

GA

30339

Telephone: (404) 955-1500

Western USA

Hewlett-Packard Co.

5161 Lankershim Boulevard, North Hollywood, CA 91601

Telephone: (818) 505-5600

F-2



-

Other International

Hewlett-Packard

CO.

Areas

Intercontinental Headquarters

3495 Deer Creek Road, Palo Alto,

CA

94304

Telephone: (415) 857-5027, Telex: 034-8300, Cable: HEWPACK

Hewlett-Packard Trading

S.A.

Bureau de LiaisonJBureau de Support

Ville des Lions,

9,

Hai Galloul. DZ-BORDJ

EL

BAHRI

Telephone: 76 02 07, Fax: 281 0387


F-3


Index

Access indicator lamp, 1-8

Address, logical, 1-2

AM connector, 1-7

Amplifier, 4 3

Amplitude, 4-5 high-voltage option, 4 6 , 5-13 limits of AC functions, 4 5

Amplitude modulation connector, 1-7

Assign zero phase, 4 9

Attenuator, 4 3

Bandwidth vs. function, 4-5

+

Checking the output, 1-4, C-6

Clear Status Command, 5-32

*CLS, 5-32 commander module, 3-3

Commands

ABORt, 5-8

CALibration, 5-9 common, 5-2, 5-7

FREQuency, 3-3

FUNC[:SHAPe], 3-2 functional coupling, 4 1 3

IEEE 488.2, 5-1, 5-31 illegal, 4 1 4

INITiate, 5-11 linking, 5-7

OUTPut, 5-12 parameters, 5-6 parser, 4 1 8 , 5-2, 5-4

ROSCillator, 3-2

SCPI, 5-1

SCPI reference, 5-8 separator, 5-1

SOURce, 5-15

[SOURce]:AM, 5-16

[SOURce] :FREQuency

,

5-17

[SOURce]:FUNCtion, 5-19

[SOURce] :LIST, 5-20

-

[SOURce]:MARKer, 5-22

[SOURce]:OUTPut

,

3-2

[SOURce]:PHASe, 5-23

[SOURce]:PM, 5-24

[SOURce:ROSCillator, 5-25

[SOURce]:SWEep, 5-26

STATUS, 5-27

SYSTem, 5-30

Value coupling, 4-9

Connectors amplitude modulation input, 1-7 external frequency reference input, 1-7 frequency reference output, 1-7 marker, 1-6 output, 1-7

Pen lift, 1-7 phase modulation input, 1-7 synchronized output, 1-7

X-drive, 1-7

Coupling functional, 4 1 3 value, 4 9

DC offset, 4-7 high-voltage option, 4 8 no AC function, 4 7 with AC function, 4 7

Error indicator lamp, 1-8

Error queue, 1-4, B-1, C-5

ESE, 5-33

*ESE?, 5-34

ESR, 5-33

*ESR?, 5-35

Examples programming as a function generator, 3-3 programming as a multi-interval sweep generator, 3-4 using the command group feature, 3-6

External frequency reference input connector,

1-7


Failed indicator lamp, 1-7

Frequency, 4 5 high-voltage option, 4-5 range vs. function, 4 5

Front panel, 1-6

Functional coupling, 4 1 3

Functional Test, C-4 function generator using E1440A as,

1-1

Function Generator, 4 3

General description, 1-1

High-voltage option amplitude, 4 6

DC offset, 4 8 frequency, 4 5

High voltage option, 5-13, A-8

HP E1440A block diagram, 1-2 checking the output, 1-4, C-6 configuration, 2-2 illegal commands, 4 1 4 inspection, 2-1 installation, 2-5 physical description, 1-2 self test, 1-3 storage, 2-2 synchronizing, 3-7, 3-11

System overview, 4-1

Identification Query, 5-36

* I D N ? ,

5-36

Impedance high-voltage output,

1-7 main signal output, 1-7 of high-voltage output, A-9

Indicators

Access, 1-8

Error, 1-8

Failed, 1-7

Output On, 1-8

Instrument overview, 1-2

Interface, VXIbus, 4 2 interrupt priority, setting, 2-4

Key features, 1-1

L

Logical address, 1-2, 2-3 mainframe commander, 3-3

Marker connector, 1-6

Marker distances, 4 1 6

Microprocessor, 4 2

N

Node command, 5-3 current base, 5-4 end, 5-4 implied root, 5-4 optional, 5-3

0

Offset, 4 7

*OPC, 5-37

*OPC?, 5-38

Operation Complete Command, 5-37

Operation Complete Query, 5-38

Other publications, 1-3 output connector, 1-7

Output On indicator lamp, 1-8

Output Unit, 4 3

P

Parameters amplitude, 4 5

DC offset, 4 7 frequency, 4 5 phase, 4 9

Pen lift connector, 1-7

Performance Verification, C-10

Phase, 4 9

Phase calibration, 4 9

Phase modulation connector, 1-7

Planning and Programming, 4 4

Power supply, 4 2

Program message, 5-2

Programming, 4-4 examples, 3-3 registers, B-1 the HP E1440A, 1-3

Programming pitfalls, 4-14

Pseudo code, 411

R

Recall Command, 5-39

Reference output connector, 1-7 reference source


using

E1440A as, 1-1

Reset, 1-5

Reset Command, 5-40

RMB, 3-6

Rocky Mountain BASIC, 3-6

* S T , 5-40

*SAV, 5-42

Save Command, 5-42

SCPI, 1-2, 5-1

Self-test, C-4

Self-Test Query, 5-46

Service Request Enable Register Command,

5-43

Service Request Enable Register Query, 5-44

Setting

Standard, 5-40

Signal parameters, 4 5 slot 0 commander, 3-3

Specifications, A- 1

*SRE, 5-43

SRE, 5-43, 5-44

*SRE?, 5-44

Standard Event Status Enable Command, 5-33

Standard Event Status Enable Query, 5-34

-

Standard Event Status Register Query, 5-35

Status Byte Register Query, 5-45

Status registers, B-1

Status reporting

,

B-1

STB, 5-43, 5-45

*STB?, 5-45

Sweep, 4 1 3 , 4 1 4 stopping with ABORt, 5-8 sweep generator using E1440A as, 1-1

Sweep Generator, 4 3

Switching on the High-voltage option, 5-13

Synchronized output connector, 1-7

Synthesizer, 4 2

Test Equipment, C-2

Tests, C-10

*TST?, 5-46

TTL, 4 1 6

Value coupling, 4-9

VXIbus interface, 4-2

*WAI, 5-48

Wait to Continue Command, 5-48

Warm up time,

A-

1

X-drive connector, 1-7


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