NORTHSTAR 6000i Quickstart Manual And Reference Manual

Northstar

6000i

Quickstart Guide

and

Reference Manual

Contents

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Welcome to the Northstar 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

Using this manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

Networking the 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

Interfacing the 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

Maintaining the 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

Technical support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5


Northstar 6000i Quickstart Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Turning the 6000i on and off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

Introducing the display screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

Introducing the controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

Navionics chart cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

Displaying the chart screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

Using demo mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

Displaying numeric data on the chart screen. . . . . . .

17

Displaying numeric data on the position screen . . . .

18

Going immediately to a quick waypoint . . . . . . . . . . .

18

Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

The echo sounder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

Split function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

The STAR key: alarms, TideTrack and setup . . . . . . .

21

SAVE and Man Overboard (MOB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21

Reference Sections

1 Using the Chart Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

Using electronic charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

Zooming in and out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

Using the cursor on the chart screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

Comparing vessel and browse modes . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

Rotating the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29

Setting up the chart screen (Classic charts) . . . . . . . . .

31

Setting up the chart screen (Gold Charts) . . . . . . . . . . .

33

Using Gold charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36

Changing the track control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

Using the course predictor line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40

Using the distance and bearing calculator. . . . . . . . . .

40

2 Position coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43

Displaying position, COG, and speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

Using GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

Using DGPS or WAAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46

Using loran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

Using Phantom Loran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49

3 Navigating to Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

51

Introducing waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

52

Designating a waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

52

Steering to a waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54

The course predictor line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57

Navigating along routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57

Restarting the track line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

The NAV LOG screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

4 Creating waypoints and routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63

Displaying waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

Creating new waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65

Creating avoidance-area waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68

Editing waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70

Introducing routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

Creating a route from the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

72

Creating routes from a list of waypoints . . . . . . . . . . .

74

Saving a route as you travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

74

Editing a route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76

Transferring waypoints/routes to other units. . . . . . .

80

Transferring waypoints to and from a PC. . . . . . . . . .

83

5 Radar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

85

How radar works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Turning the radar transmitter on and off . . . . . . . . . .

86

Displaying radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

87

Using the radar’s main menu keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

88

Overlaying radar on the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

89

Changing radar scale and rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

90

Setting user preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

91

Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

Using the radar adjustment keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94

Using the Radar Markers keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98

6 Echo sounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

103

Welcome to the Northstar 490 Echo Sounder . . . . .

104

Displaying the echo sounder’s picture . . . . . . . . . . .

107

Using automatic mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

Changing the frequency of echoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110

Zooming in and out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112

Echo Sounder setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

The picture menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117

Changing the depth settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

121

Using the MORE key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

123

Setting the ECHO screen data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125

Viewing past echoes using SoundTrac. . . . . . . . . . . .

127

Echo sounding alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

7 Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

135

Video sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

136

Displaying video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

136

8 Alarms and TideTrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

137

Alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

138

TideTrack™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

146

9 N2 Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

149

General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

150

Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

150

10 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

153

Changing your display settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

154

Changing your navigation settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

156

Changing your receiver settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

160

Changing your port settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163

Setting up the echosounder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163

Setting up radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164

Installing software updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164

Displaying system information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

165

Changing the time zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

166

Appendix A — Datum list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

167

Getting Started

Welcome to the Northstar 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Using this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Networking the 6000i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

Maintaining the 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Interfacing the 6000i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Technical support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Reference Manual Revision D

T

his chapter introduces this manual and explains a few things you should know to keep your Northstar

6000i

in top operating condition.

1

Welcome to the Northstar

6000i

The 6000i has several requirements that must be met to ensure safe and proper operation.

Installation and interfacing of the 6000i should be handled by a marine technician using the guidelines found in the

Northstar 6000i Installa-

tion Manual.

Congratulations on your purchase of the

Northstar

6000i

Integrated Navigation

System! The

6000i

is a full-featured color

GPS/vector charting system — easy to use, but meeting your marine navigation needs in a comprehensive, logical manner.

Optional Northstar radar and fish finding modules round out the

6000i

’s capabilities.

The

6000i

enhances GPS with the Wide

Area Augmentation System (WAAS) or optional radiobeacon differential position navigation for superb accuracy, and offers a high-resolution full-color screen with

Navionics cartography and video overlay.

Major functions are accessed with a single keypress. By reducing the attention required to navigate, you can devote more time to simply enjoying your trip.

For information on installing, interfacing, and troubleshooting the

6000i

, please see the

Northstar 6000i Installation Manual

(part number GM6KIM) or contact your local authorized Northstar dealer.

Using this manual

This manual is divided into two main sections:

•

•

The


begins on page 7 and has all the basic information you need to operate the

6000i.

Be sure to read this section as you start using the unit.

A

Reference Section

starts on page 23.

Use this when you need more information about any of the unit’s functions — you’ll find answers here to any questions about getting the most from your

6000i

.

Check the mini table of contents at the beginning of each chapter to quickly locate a topic you need help with.

It’s best to read this manual with the

6000i

set up and running so you can try out the various functions and see the results.

2

Getting Started

Welcome to the Northstar 6000i

Northstar

6000i

Conventions

This manual uses certain conventions to provide a consistent means of recognizing specific information, as follows:

•

•

is the universal caution symbol for caution and warning information related to your personal safety or possible damage to the system. The

CAUTION

and

WARNING

notes contain critical information—please read them!

The phrase “Press a key” means push briefly and release, unless otherwise specified.

•

•

Text written like “

CHART

” generally refers to named keys on the

6000i’s

front panel. Text written like “

More info

” generally refers to the 6000i’s menu keys at the right side of the screen.

Whenever this manual tells you to press

ENTER

can press

to perform a function, you

CLEAR

instead if you decide not to perform that function. These keys are abbreviated

ENT

and

CLR

on the

6000i

.

Networking the

6000i

Northstar’s N2 networking technology lets you connect two or more 6000i units in order to share navigation data (including radar and sounder data) and all waypoints and routes between the units. The system can be operated from any connected unit, and all changes to routes and waypoints are reflected on all the networked units.

Networking is fully automatic on the

6000i; no special steps are necessary

In an N2 network, one display unit is designated as the master, and all others as slaves. The only restrictions on N2 networking are the following:

•

•

there must be one and only one master unit operating in a network all units must have the same software version.

If, for example, a slave unit is turned on before the master, a message is displayed reminding you to turn on the master unit before using the slave. In case the master unit is not available (removed for service, for example), brief instructions show how to temporarily convert a slave into a master unit.

For details on networking, see N2

Networking, starting on page 149.


Getting Started

Networking the 6000i

3

Interfacing the

6000i

The 6000i can be connected to a wide variety of compatible marine devices, including Northstar’s echo sounder and radar. A qualified marine electronics technician should perform these installations.

For details, contact your local authorized

Northstar dealer.

Maintaining the

6000i

Pre-packaged moist towellettes (especially those containing a small amount of alcohol) are excellent for cleaning the 6000i’s display window. You might want to keep a supply on hand to wipe off fingerprints and other smudges.

Basic maintenance

To help retain the 6000i’s best possible performance, Northstar recommends the following:

•

•

•

•

•

be sure to keep the cartridge access door closed at all times, except when you’re changing the chart cartridge, to prevent moisture and dirt from entering the 6000i don’t change the cartridge while the

6000i is exposed to water spray, rain, or moisture of any kind keep spare cartridges in a safe, watertight place where they won’t be misplaced keep fingerprints off the display screen

(remove any prints with a lens cleaning cloth) remove dirt and grime using a soft cloth and Windex or soap and water

•

•

•

•

don’t scratch the display by wiping a sandy or salty cloth across it use the 6000i’s protective plastic sunshield when not in use (excessive heat from the sun can cause damage) don’t open the 6000i’s case—there aren’t any user-serviceable parts inside always keep the rear connectors’ plastic caps on when they are not in use (the connectors are not waterproof unless covered)

Cleaning the display screen

Be careful when cleaning the glass window covering the display screen. Although the window is scratch-resistant, you may damage the anti-reflective coating if you use a dry cloth to wipe dirt off. Always use a damp cloth with plenty of water to remove salt or dirt. To remove any oil or

4

Getting Started

Interfacing the 6000i

Northstar 6000i

grease on the screen, use a clean, dry microfiber-type lens cleaning cloth or a small amount of window cleaner.

Avoid touching the window with your fingers. The natural oils from your hand will temporarily affect the characteristics of the screen and cause your fingerprints to appear as bright reflections. Fingerprints will disappear when you clean the screen as described in the previous paragraph.

Technical support

Northstar products are manufactured and serviced by BNT Marine Electronics.

If you need technical support, or have any other questions after you’ve followed the instructions in this manual, you can contact the factory as follows:

by Telephone:

978/897-6600 or 800/628-4487

by E-mail

:

Service: [email protected]

Sales: [email protected]

by Fax

:

Service: 978/897-1595

Sales: 978/897-7241

by U.S. mail:

Northstar

30 Sudbury Road

Acton, MA 01720 USA

Additional information is available at

Northstar’s website:

www.NorthstarNav.com

Hearing from you

Your feedback is important and helps ensure that this manual is a valuable resource for all 6000i users. Send your questions, comments, or suggestions about this manual to:

[email protected]

Service and repair

In case of a 6000i operating problem, you can contact your dealer or return the 6000i to the factory for diagnosis and repair.

When calling, be sure to have your 6000i’s serial number and software revision available. In describing a problem, be as


Getting Started


5

6

Getting Started


complete and accurate as possible. Before returning the 6000i for repair, you may want to save your waypoints and routes. If the unit is properly networked to another

6000i display, a copy of your waypoints and routes is already saved in the other unit. You can also transfer data to a Northstar 900 series navigator or to a PC as described on pages 80 and 83.

NOTE:

To prevent delays, it’s critical that you first obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number from our Service

Department before returning your 6000i.

Shipments to Northstar should be made to the following address:

Northstar Service Department

30 Sudbury Road

Acton, MA 01720

If you have special overnight or second-day shipping requirements, please call for turnaround time and freight costs before you ship your 6000i.

Northstar 6000i

Northstar

6000i


Turning the 6000i on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Introducing the display screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

Introducing the controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

Navionics chart cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

Displaying the chart screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

Using demo mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Displaying numeric data on the chart screen . . . . . . . . . . 17

Displaying numeric data on the position screen . . . . . . . 18

Going immediately to a quick waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

The echo sounder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Split function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

The STAR key: alarms, TideTrack and setup . . . . . . . . . . . 21

SAVE and Man Overboard (MOB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

T

his section gives an overview of each of the 6000i’s major functions and the basic information you need to begin using them.

We suggest you read this section carefully as you first use the 6000i, and then refer to the following Reference Sections, as necessary, to answer any questions you may have.

7

Quickstart Guide Revision D

8

Turning the

6000i

on and off

CAUTION!

Use caution when navigating with electronic

charts. Although every effort has been made to ensure that the data the

6000i uses is as close as possible to paper charts, errors and omissions are inevitable. The captain is responsible for cross-checking the 6000i against other sources of navigation data.

Turning the

6000i on

To turn the 6000i on, gently and briefly press the

PWR

key. (See Figure 1 on page 10 for a picture of the controls.)

The 6000i beeps and displays its start-up screen, and then performs a series of self-tests to check its critical components and functions.

Next, a message warns against relying on the 6000i’s chart cartography as the only means of safe navigation. Acknowledge the warning message by pressing the

CHART

key.

Now you’re ready to get underway with your 6000i!

If this 6000i was recently used at or near its present location, it will usually be ready to navigate within one minute after it is turned on.

Turning the

6000i off

To turn the 6000i off, press and hold the

PWR

key for a few seconds until the screen goes dark.

Introducing the display screen

Adjusting the brightness

To adjust the screen’s brightness, briefly press the

PWR

key. Then press the cursor pad upward to brighten the screen, or downward to darken it.

After reaching maximum brightness, you can release and press the cursor pad again to increase the contrast, making the screen even more readable under full sunlight conditions.

If the 6000i becomes too hot due to high ambient temperature and strong sunlight, the display screen may automatically dim to prevent overheating. You can temporarily override the auto-dim function at any time just by increasing the brightness.

The 6000i may dim again to avoid exceeding the maximum internal temperature.

Turning the 6000i on and off

Northstar 6000i

Special display windows

Occasionally, the 6000i needs to tell you something or ask permission to do something. When this happens, an information or question window appears on the screen.

This window may contain an alarm icon, or an INFO icon or a large question mark along with a message for you to read.

Question windows

A question window appears when the 6000i needs a response from you. Respond to a question window by pressing the

ENTER

key to answer yes, or the

CLEAR

key to answer no. Most of the other keys, including the function keys, are temporarily inactive while the 6000i displays a question window.

Introducing the controls

Feel free to try any of the 6000i’s controls!

You can’t hurt anything, and you’ll only learn more about how to use the 6000i more efficiently. The 6000i always asks you to verify what you’re doing before it changes or deletes information. You’ll be asked to confirm your action before anything happens that may affect the

6000i’s operation. You can always press

CLEAR

to cancel a function if you change your mind.

Using

ENTER

and

CLEAR

Function keys

Figure 1 on page 10 illustrates the locations of the 6000i’s controls.

The six keys below the screen access the unit’s major functions. These are

CHART

,

POSITION

, and

STEER

, and the optional functions

RADAR

,

SOUNDER

and

VIDEO

.

Press one at any time to instantly display that function on the full screen, then use the menu keys at the right edge of the screen to control the function.

The

WAYPTS/ROUTES

key accesses the

6000i’s database of stored position information.

The

STAR

key accesses the alarm screen and miscellaneous functions including

TideTrack and setup commands.



9

SPLIT

IN

OUT

10

PWR

BRT

CHART POSITION STEER RADAR SOUNDER

SAVE

MOB

VIDEO

Figure 1:

6000i controls

Split screen feature

If you have the radar, echo sounder or video options installed, press the

SPLIT

key to split the screen into two or more sections, each with a different function displayed. See page 20 for more information.


WAYPTS

ROUTES

Northstar 6000i

Menu keys

The six round keys at the right of the screen take on different functions, depending on the screen displayed. Each active key is labeled on the screen.

You can press CLEAR to hide the labels and display more data on the

CHART

,

STEER

,

SPLIT

, and

SOUNDER

screens. To show the labels again, press any menu key. On the

CHART

screen, you can also hide the info bar (see Displaying numeric data on the

chart screen, on page 17) by pressing

CLEAR

a second time, while the menu keys are hidden.

Navionics chart cartridges

The 6000i contains a built-in, low-resolution map that covers the entire world, but without much detail. This map can give you an approximate idea of your location with respect to land areas, but nav aids are not included.

For more detailed charting data, you can to purchase one or more Navionics chart cartridges:

•

•

Classic cartridges include several charts covering a specific geographic region

Gold chart cartridges add nearly all of the additional data from printed charts, including shaded areas indicating depths

Cartridges with the XL3 designation contain charts for more than one region.

Only one region can be used at a time, The user selects the desired region as described in Navionics XL3 charts, on page 25.

Navionics is a major producer of high-quality, high-resolution “seamless” digital charts. Virtually every major port and most popular boating areas are available on these cartridges, and new charts are constantly being added. To obtain

Navionics charts, contact your authorized

Northstar dealer.

It’s important to realize that you can use

either Classic or Gold charts at any given time. To switch cartridge types, turn the unit off, change the cartridge, and turn it back on. If you have two or more 6000is networked, it’s the master’s cartridge that configures the network for Classic or Gold.

You cannot use different cartridge types simultaneously.


11


12

Inserting a chart cartridge

The cartridge slot is located behind the

6000i’s keypad, which opens as shown in

Figure 2. The latch is at the left edge of the door. Push it to the right to open the door.

The cartridge only fits correctly one way. If it doesn’t slide in smoothly, try the other way. Insert the cartridge gently but firmly with one straight, smooth motion. A cartridge can be safely inserted or removed while the 6000i is turned on.

Be sure to close the door securely to avoid water penetration!

shown at the left of the

CHART STATUS

screen. The cartridge name displayed on the left of the screen is its Navionics catalog number.

SPLIT

IN

OUT

WAY

PYS

ROU

TES

SAVE

MOB

Figure 2: Inserting the chart cartridge

Showing the cartridge name and date

Press the

CHART

key, and then the Chart

setup

menu key at the right of the

CHART

screen. The cartridge name and date are

Chart Setup/status screen

Some older cartridges may not have this information; in this case, the word

PRESENT is shown in place of the name and date. If no chart cartridge is installed, the words NONE INSERTED are shown.

It usually takes 15 seconds or so to load chart data after the 6000i is turned on or after a new cartridge is inserted.

Accessing the regions contained in Navionics XL3 series cartridges is described on page 25.

Using the additional data on Gold charts is described in Setting up the chart screen

(Gold Charts), starting on page 33.


Northstar 6000i

Displaying the chart screen

After the 6000i completes its start-up sequence, press the

CHART

function key to acknowledge the warning message and display the

CHART

screen.

You’ll soon see your present position represented by a black triangular vessel symbol in the center of the chart. If you’re not receiving GPS signals, you can use Demo

Mode, as described on page 16.


Chart screen (classic chart shown)


13

14

By the way,

If you’re not receiving

GPS signals, you can use Demo Mode to simulate real-life conditions, including motion.

See Using demo mode, on page 16.

The 6000i’s

CHART

screen displays your vessel’s present position (or any position you designate with the cursor pad) in relation to land masses, nav aids, and any waypoints and routes you have entered. As you navigate, your vessel remains in the center of the

CHART

screen, and the chart moves underneath your vessel.

Clearing a GPS or WAAS alarm

If the 6000i isn’t able to obtain a position from GPS within three minutes, you’ll see a flashing NO GPS alarm icon on the right side of the screen. This means the 6000i has an alarm message that needs your acknowledgement: Press the

STAR

function key to display the Alarms screen.

The alarm message NO GPS POSITION

FIX

is shown in the

Recent Alarms

box.

This message advises you that the 6000i is in the process of acquiring satellite information necessary for displaying a position fix.

The word NEW in the upper right corner of the screen tells you this message hasn’t yet been acknowledged. To acknowledge this or any message alarm, press the Clear

alarm menu key. As soon as the 6000i acquires its signals, you’ll be ready to go.

Alarms screen

For details about alarms, see Alarms, starting on page 138.

Using the chart

Your vessel is normally shown in the center of the chart screen. If your vessel is moving, the symbol will point in the direction of your Course Over Ground (COG). (If your vessel isn’t moving, the 6000i can’t determine your COG, so the direction of the vessel symbol won’t mean anything.)

White areas represent water and brown areas are land. Avoidance areas and a lat/lon grid may be displayed. If you’re using a chart cartridge, nav aids and depth contours are shown as well as landmark names.


Northstar 6000i


To zoom in and see more details about your position, press the

IN

key. To zoom out (more area and less detail), press

OUT

.

Use the cursor pad to display the red cursor and designate waypoints or move the chart to a different area. Press Vessel to recenter the chart on your vessel.

Vessel Chart area Cursor

WAAS

Chart plotter functions

The menu keys at the right of the chart screen perform the following navigation functions (not all keys are shown all the time):

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

display any available overlays, such as radar rotate the chart to north-up, course-up, leg-up or heading-up (heading-up requires an optional heading sensor) restart the desired track line to run directly from your position to the waypoint, “zeroing” the cross-track error display return from “Browse” mode (cursor on-screen) to “Vessel” mode (vessel centered) change the options available for the chart screen display additional position information in the

INFO BAR

at the bottom of the screen go to a waypoint, nav aid, or unmarked point you select on the chart screen by pressing the cursor pad

Info bar Menu keys

Chart screen

The WAAS (or DGPS) indicator on the right side of the screen means the 6000i is currently receiving WAAS (or optional radiobeacon) signals.

Displaying other information

On the

CHART

screen, you can display your current route, track history, waypoints and avoidance points, a lat/lon grid, a radar overlay, or other chart details. For Classic charts, see Setting up the chart screen

(Classic charts), on page 31. For Gold charts, see Setting up the chart screen (Gold Charts), on page 33.


15

-

-

Alarms

The Northstar 6000i alerts you to conditions that may require attention. Some alerts are strictly informative, such as nearing a waypoint, and some warn of conditions such as loss of navigation signals. The unit alerts you with a beeping sound and a flashing symbol in the lower right corner of the screen. Many alarms automatically clear themselves after a few seconds. Others remain flashing until you press a key on the

ALARM

screen or until the condition clears. See Alarms, starting on page 138 for a listing of all alarms and the meaning of each.

16

Using demo mode

Simulated radar and echo-sounding signals can also be displayed when in demo mode.

You can use demo mode to simulate a stationary position, or simulate navigating to a location you select on the

CHART

screen. Demo mode is useful for training, and could be used for dead reckoning in the event that GPS signals should ever fail.

To access the demo control screen, display the

CHART

screen and press Chart setup, then press Demo control.

To place your vessel at a simulated position and enter demo mode, press the cursor pad to move the cursor to the desired position on the chart. Zoom out if you need to see more area. Press Demo

Position and

ENTER

. Your vessel symbol will now be stationary at this position.

Demo control screen

To simulate motion from this point to another location, press the cursor pad to move the cursor to the destination, then press the Demo COG/SOG key. To change the vessel’s speed from the standard 12

Alarms

Northstar 6000i

knots, use the keypad to enter the new speed. Finally, press

ENTER

to start moving to the demo cursor location.

To view the

CHART

screen while in demo mode, press Return twice.

The word

Demo

always appears on the right side of the

CHART

screen when you’re in demo mode.

To leave demo mode, go back to the

DEMO

CONTROL

screen as described above, and press Exit Demo.

This key returns you directly to the active

CHART

screen.

Displaying numeric data on the chart screen

To display numeric information directly on the chart screen, press the More Info menu key to display an “info bar” at the bottom of the screen. (If the More Info key is not visible, press Vessel to restore it.)

Each additional press of the More Info key shows the following information:

•

•

•

•

your vessel’s present

Speed-Over-Ground (SOG),

Course-Over-Ground (COG), and

(optionally) heading (HDG) your vessel’s distance (Dist) and bearing

(Brg) to the current waypoint, if any, along with a cross-track indicator your vessel’s position in lat/lon (or TDs, if you’ve enabled loran) the Speed-Through-Water (STW), water depth and temperature, as measured by the optional echo sounder

Vessel lat/lon displayed on chart screen

Displaying numeric data on the chart screen

17


18

Displaying numeric data on the position screen

•

•

•

To display your position, speed, course, and time with large, easily read digits, press

POSITION

. The

GPS POSITION

screen shows the following information:

•

your vessel’s position in lat/lon (or TDs, if enabled) your vessel’s present SOG and COG current time, day, and date geodetic datum (for details, see

Choosing a geodetic datum, starting on page 158)

For details about using this screen, see

Position coordinates, starting on page 43.

GPS position screen

Going immediately to a quick waypoint

The Northstar 6000i can guide you directly to any point on the

CHART

screen that you designate. “Point-and-shoot” navigation, as it is called, is often the easiest way to go to a waypoint or a series of waypoints: Just select the points right on the chart and go to them, one after another. This technique provides the most flexibility in deciding where you want to travel. Simply move the cursor wherever you want, press a key, and you’re navigating.

1. Press the

CHART

key to display the

CHART

screen.

2. Press the cursor pad to move the cursor to the desired spot on the chart.

3. Press

Go to cursor.

4. Press

ENTER

.

The 6000i displays a track line to the new waypoint named -

QUIK-

, and guides you directly to this point.

Displaying numeric data on the position screen

Northstar 6000i

Watch your progress on the chart screen, or press

STEER

to stay accurately on the straight-line course to the waypoint (see

Steering to a waypoint, starting on page 54).

That’s all you have to do to use the 6000i in its simplest form. To learn more about navigating to waypoints, See Navigating to

Waypoints, starting on page 51.

Navigating

Radar


Using the optional Northstar radar you can determine where other boats or ships, navigational markers, land masses, flocks of birds, and other objects are located in relation to your vessel, and you can track their movements.

The radar won’t be operational until you turn on the radar transmitter. See

Displaying radar, starting on page 87.

If a Northstar radar unit is interfaced to the

6000i, press

RADAR

to see the radar image.

If a radar unit is not operating or not connected, you can simulate radar signals for your area by using Demo Mode as described on page 16.

Press Adjust Radar to make operating adjustments to the radar system as described in Using the radar adjustment

keys, starting on page 94.

Press Radar Markers to set the radar’s

Electronic Bearing Lines, Range Rings, etc. as described in Using the Radar Markers

keys, starting on page 98.

On the

CHART

screen, you can press Radar

overlay to superimpose the radar image on

Radar

19

20

Radar Installation Manual (part number

GMRadIM). For the 2 kW Northstar radar, see P/N GMKRad2KIM.

The echo sounder

If your 6000i is equipped with Northstar’s optional echo sounder, press

SOUNDER

to display the full

ECHO SOUNDER

screen.

For the simplest operation, press Auto-

matic, and select the desired transducer frequency and zoom modes. More information about sounder setup and operation starts on page 104.

Split function

the chart screen. More information on radar starts on page 85.

For information on installing radar and making it operational, see the Northstar

The SPLIT key

You can split the screen to display several navigation functions on the screen at the same time. For example, you could display the chart, sounder and radar images simultaneously.

Press the

SPLIT

key to split the screen into two or more sections, each with a different function displayed. Press

SPLIT

a second time to display several combinations of functions to choose from. Press the menu key to select the split you want to use.

The Control key

When the screen is split to show more than one function, you can press Control to select which of the displayed functions is controlled by the menu keys.

The Control key is also available when the radar overlay is in use.

The echo sounder

Northstar 6000i

The STAR key: alarms, TideTrack and setup

Using the alarms

The 6000i has several alarms that automatically alert you to certain situations. For example, the 6000i lets you know when you’re approaching a waypoint by sounding a beep and flashing an alarm icon on the screen. The icon explains the reason for the alarm. Most of the common alarms automatically cancel themselves after ten seconds or after the condition ends. For details, see Alarms, starting on page 138. graph for any of over 3,000 NOAA tide stations covering the entire U.S. coastline, including Alaska and Hawaii, plus much of the eastern and western Canadian coastline. You can display tides for today or any other date. For details about TideTrack, see

TideTrack™, starting on page 146.

Setup functions

Additional presses of the

STAR

key access the 6000i’s various setup and customization functions. These functions are described beginning on page 156.

Using TideTrack™

Press the

STAR

key twice to display the

6000i’s Tide Track screen, a 24-hour tide

SAVE and Man Overboard (MOB)

Pressing

SAVE/MOB

always saves your present position as a waypoint.

Saving waypoints

Press

SAVE

briefly to save a waypoint. The new waypoint is given a name such as

-S002-

, where the letter

S

indicates a saved waypoint, and the three-digit number increases by one every time you save a waypoint.

You can limit the number of saved waypoints that will be stored. Use the

MAX

SAVED WAYPT #

function in the

DISPLAY

OPTIONS

menu (see The number of saved

waypoints, on page 155).

The STAR key: alarms, TideTrack and setup

21


22

When the three-digit number reaches the specified maximum, it wraps back to

001

and overwrites the older waypoint that has the same number.

Any saved waypoints that you want to keep or use in a route should be renamed before they are overwritten (see Editing

waypoints, starting on page 70).

Saving routes

You can set the 6000i to automatically save a sequence of waypoints as a route.

Each time you press

SAVE

, your position will be recorded as an additional waypoint in the route. See Saving a route as you

travel, starting on page 74 for details.

Man Overboard

Press and hold the

SAVE/MOB

for at least four seconds (until you see the “Man Overboard” window) to save your position as a waypoint named

–MOB–

and immediately start navigating to it. The 6000i switches to a zoomed-in chart screen showing your vessel and the MOB waypoint. You can use any of the unit’s functions to return to the location of the waypoint.

Press any key to go back to normal operation.

SAVE and Man Overboard (MOB)

Northstar 6000i

Reference section 1

Using the Chart Screen

Using electronic charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Zooming in and out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Using the cursor on the chart screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Comparing vessel and browse modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Rotating the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Setting up the chart screen (Classic charts) . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Setting up the chart screen (Gold Charts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Using Gold charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Changing the track control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Using the course predictor line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Using the distance and bearing calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40


T

his section explains the electronic chart, the two chart modes (Vessel and Browse), the various chart symbols and their meanings, and how to set up both Classic Charts and

Gold Charts to display the data you need.

23

Using electronic charts

be

Don’t become over-confident when using electronic charts. Always be cautious!

CAUTION!

Nav aids have been converted from official paper charts into the electronic format on your screen, and therefore aren’t necessarily as accurate as the paper charts. In some areas, only the most important nav aids may be shown.

Each Navionics chart cartridge contains electronic chart data from several paper charts. Classic charts have basic information from the original paper charts, although spot depth soundings, some nav aids, and other data may be missing. Gold

charts provide much additional data such as obstructions, traffic areas and shaded depth areas. When used with appropriate caution, electronic charts open up a world of navigational accuracy and simplicity.

Chart boundaries

The 6000i displays the boundary line of each chart on the

CHART

screen. You can turn these lines off if you prefer (see

Choosing the chart details, starting on page

32).

If you move from a highly detailed chart to a less detailed one, you may see a sudden change in the detail shown on the screen, just as if you had changed from one detailed paper chart to a less detailed one.

The displayed boundary lines may help indicate when this change in detail is going to happen.

Nav aids

The nav aids on the

CHART

screen represent a variety of standard “aids to navigation” used on coastal and inland waterways throughout the United States.

Nav aids are displayed on the

CHART

screen as colored circles. Most of these aids are buoys, lights, lighthouses, and daybeacons, which typically are maintained by the U.S. Coast Guard. Nav aids warn you of hidden dangers, such as underwater hazards, and to help you safely navigate specific waterways and channels.

When you move the cursor onto a nav aid, the 6000i displays a description in the info

bar at the bottom of the screen, along with the distance and bearing from your vessel to the nav aid.

Buoys

Buoys are the most common type of nav aid found along the coast and on your charts. The 6000i shows green and red channel marker buoys as green and red circles, respectively.

Approach buoys are shown as circles with black on the upper half and white on the lower half.

Sound buoys (featuring an audible signal, such as a bell, gong, or whistle) are identified by a description in the info bar.

24

Reference section 1 — Using the Chart Screen

Using electronic charts

Northstar 6000i

Navionics XL3 charts

Navionics XL3 series chart cartridges contain several chart regions in each cartridge. When you’re using these cartridges, select the region you wish to use by displaying the

CHART

screen and pressing the

CHART

key a second time. A list of available regions is displayed. Press the menu key corresponding to the desired region. (Under some conditions this selection screen is shown automatically when you insert the XL3 cartridge.)

Note that selecting a region on one unit does not cause other units to switch to the same region. Each unit is independent with regard to region selection.

•

If you have two or more units installed side-by-side, you can navigate with one unit while using another unit for trip planning in another region.

Using XL3 charts on multiple networked displays

A master 6000i unit displays the regions from the cartridge plugged into it. A slave unit displays all the regions from the master’s cartridge, plus those from its own cartridge, if any. Cartridges plugged into a slave unit can only be used on that one unit.

Zooming in and out

To get a closer look at the chart area around your vessel or around the cursor, press the

IN

key to zoom in. To see a wider area, press

OUT

to zoom out. Each press of

IN

or

OUT

approximately halves or doubles the chart scale.

Each chart has a maximum usable level of magnification. When you zoom in one step past that level, a portion of the chart screen and much of its text and symbols are doubled in size to fill the screen for easier viewing from a distance.




25

Chart data doubled in size

If you zoom in still further, the 6000i removes all chart detail from the screen for safety reasons, leaving only your vessel, its track, user-entered waypoints, and the lat/lon grid.

Chart data removed from screen

As a reminder that no land, charted hazards or nav aids are shown, the 6000i faintly displays the words No Chart multiple times across the screen. Even without any chart data displayed, you can still use the 6000i as a precision plotter.

NOTE:

Whenever the radar overlay is turned on, the scales of the chart and the radar are locked together so that the images will line up. If you change the scale of one, the scale of the other changes automatically.

26



Northstar 6000i

Using the cursor on the chart screen

Press the cursor pad to display the red cursor symbol on the

CHART

screen. Continue pressing the cursor pad to move the cursor across the screen.

If you have trouble finding the cursor in a busy part of the

CHART

screen, just look at the edges of the screen for the red cursor pointers: They line up with the cursor.

When you press the cursor pad, the 6000i switches to browse mode, described on page 28.

If you move the cursor onto a waypoint or navaid, that point is

selected, as indicated by a diamond-shaped box around the point. Information about the selected point appears in the info bar at the bottom of the screen.

After pressing the cursor pad to move the cursor to a point on the chart, you can press Go to cursor and

ENTER

to start navigating to the designated cursor location.

If you placed the cursor on a waypoint or nav aid, this menu key would read

Go to waypt

or

Go to nav aid

.

Selecting a navaid with the cursor

You can use the cursor to:

•

•

•

•

select a nav aid or waypoint, to:

>

show its name, lat/lon, and distance and bearing

>

navigate to it

>

add it to a route designate a point on the chart, to:

>

show its lat/lon

>

navigate to it

>

add it to a route

>

store as a waypoint select a leg of a route to follow or edit view a new area of the chart by moving the cursor to the edge of the screen



Using the cursor on the chart screen

27

Additional functions are available with

Gold Charts. You can also select various obstructions, and display additional information about them.

Comparing vessel and browse modes

The 6000i offers two display modes:

•

•

vessel (your vessel is centered on the screen) browse (a cursor is displayed, which you can move to designate points or explore other areas of the chart)

To switch from vessel mode to browse mode, press the cursor pad. To switch back to vessel mode, press the Vessel menu key.

Vessel mode

The word VESSEL in the upper right corner of the screen means you are currently using Vessel mode.

Vessel mode is the primary screen for navigating — the chart moves automatically under your vessel, which remains centered on the screen. It provide a continuous view of your surroundings.

When your vessel’s position moves to the edge of a chart, its icon may move from the center of the screen.

Press More info to display your position coordinates in the info bar at the bottom of the screen. You can also display your SOG,

COG, or distance and bearing to the current waypoint (if any).

28


Comparing vessel and browse modes

Vessel mode

Northstar 6000i

Browse mode

The word BROWSE in the upper right corner of the screen means you are currently using Browse mode.

In browse mode, you can use the cursor to look at other areas of the chart, and designate points you want to navigate to.

The info bar at the bottom of the screen displays the position coordinates of the cursor, and the distance and bearing from your vessel to the cursor.

Browse mode

Rotating the chart

Press the Rotate key to change the angle of the charts displayed on the

CHART

screen. As long as you’re in vessel mode, you can rotate the chart to any of the following angles:

•

•

North-up

– No rotation.

Course-up

– As your vessel changes its direction of travel, the chart rotates to keep your COG straight up on the screen. Course-up represents your true


COG as determined by the GPS receiver.

The 6000i ignores any course changes if your speed is under half a knot.

The chart reacts very slowly to turns of less than 5°, to avoid annoying small rotations.

Your COG is often different from your vessel’s heading, so what you see



29

30

straight ahead on the horizon may be different from what’s displayed on the screen.

•

•

Heading-up –

This rotation is available only if you have a heading sensor installed and enabled. The chart rotates as you travel to keep your heading straight up on the screen. When you select heading-up, the heading line on the radar image points straight upwards. The heading line allows you to compare the radar image or the chart with the view in front of the vessel.

Leg-up

– The direction of the current leg to a waypoint points straight upwards on the screen. The 6000i rotates the chart whenever you start navigating on a new leg, even if you haven’t turned the vessel yet.

Exception: If you select leg-up when you aren’t currently following a leg, the 6000i uses course-up until you start navigating along a leg.

When you’re viewing a rotated chart, the text from the Navionics cartridge is tilted to match the rotation angle in order to avoid text overlap.

Using chart rotation in browse mode

Chart rotation is most useful in vessel mode. In browse mode, rotation is stabilized to keep the chart and cursor from jumping while you’re browsing around on the chart.

•

•

Course-up or Heading-up:

Suppose you’re displaying the charts as course-up or heading-up and you press the cursor pad to use browse mode.

While in browse mode, the chart rotation freezes. If your vessel changes course, you won’t see the chart rotate to the new direction until you return to vessel mode by pressing the Vessel key.

Only in vessel mode will the chart rotate to follow your course angle.

Leg-up:

If you’re displaying charts in browse mode as leg-up and the 6000i switches to a new leg, the chart will immediately rotate to the direction of that new leg, unless you’re actively pressing the cursor pad.

NOTES:

If you’re displaying a rotated chart, you may occasionally see the edges of the chart, at an angle, displayed as a black line with white space on the other side.

When the vessel or cursor crosses the line, the display will switch to a new chart

(if available).

The edges of other charts in the 6000i’s built-in world atlas are shown, in addition to those in your local cartridge. These



Northstar 6000i

edges are shown as black or red dashed lines.

The lat/lon grid is labelled only when the chart is north-up.

How rotating affects the chart and radar

The rotation of the chart and the rotation of the radar image interact under certain circumstances, as described below. Assume that the chart and radar are both north-up at the start:

If the Chart screen’s in...

Browse mode

Vessel mode

And the radar image is...

Overlaid on the chart Not overlaid

The chart can’t rotate in Browse mode.

If you change the

Control

key to

Radar

, the chart’s mode automatically switches to vessel mode and rotated as described below).

Chart and radar both rotate together. If you change the rotation of one, the other automatically changes to match.

The chart can’t rotate, but the radar can rotate. Chart and radar can have different rotations.

Chart and radar can both rotate. Chart and radar can have different rotations.

Setting up the chart screen (Classic charts)

From the

CHART SETUP/STATUS

screen you can select the details on the

CHART

screen, adjust the 6000i’s track control, and control Demo Mode to simulate navigation and radar.

Press the Chart Setup menu key on the

CHART

screen. Setup options are displayed, along with the chart cartridge’s name and date.




31

Chart Setup/Status screen

Chart Detail screen

Choosing the chart details

To set up the chart details, press the Chart

detail menu key to display the

CHART

DETAIL

screen.

To change any option, press the cursor pad to move the cursor triangle to the desired item, then press the On/Off menu key to change the item. An item that is turned off is shown with two dashes.

Lat/lon grid

The ON setting displays lat/lon lines on the

CHART

screen. Turn lat/lon lines off when these lines add excessive clutter to your screen.

Text info

The ON setting displays the names of local cities, towns, harbors, channels, bodies of water, etc.

Waypoint names

The ON setting displays the name of each waypoint below its symbol. The OFF setting displays just the symbol itself.

Chart edges

The ON setting displays the outlines of the charts that are on the installed Navionics chart cartridge or the built-in maps. Chart edges are shown as dotted lines.

If the chart currently in use is rotated, its edges are shown as solid lines.

32



Northstar 6000i

Depth (low, mid and deep)

The ON setting displays depth contour lines for low, mid, and deep water areas.

Track line

The ON setting displays your vessel’s track points (the course you’ve already traveled). For more track display options, see

Changing the track control below.

Waypoints

The ON setting displays your waypoints on the

CHART

screen, and the OFF setting turns them off, with the exception of waypoints on a displayed route.

Nav aids

The ON setting displays nav aids from the

Navionics chart cartridge, and the OFF setting hides the nav aids.

Land masses

The ON setting displays the coloring of land masses to contrast between water and land. The OFF setting shows only coastline, without the coloring.

Setting up the chart screen (Gold Charts)

If you have a Gold Chart cartridge installed, the

CHART SETUP/STATUS

screen

•

•

•

•

selects the details displayed on the

CHART

screen customizes the way depths are displayed adjusts the 6000i’s track function controls Demo Mode to simulate navigation and radar.

Press the Chart Setup menu key on the

CHART

screen. (Make sure you’re in

VESSEL

mode — press the Vessel menu key if necessasary). Setup options are displayed, along with the chart cartridge’s name and date.




33

Chart Setup/Status screen

Choosing the chart details

To set up the chart details for Gold charts, press the Chart detail menu key.

A few samples of the data that might be displayed are shown for each option.

To change any option, press the cursor pad to move the cursor triangle to the desired item, then press the On/Off menu key to change the item. An item that is turned off is shown with two dashes.

Administrative areas

Anchorage areas

Fish areas

Military areas

Chart Detail screen

Waste areas

Restricted areas

The areas listed above can be individually turned on or off. The areas may be filled with color, patterns, or symbols indicatng their usage. Descriptive text identifies the area in many cases.

Chart text

The ON setting displays the names of local cities, towns, harbors, channels, bodies of water and other text items.

Cables / pipelines

The ON setting displays above-the-surface and underwater cables and pipes.

34



Northstar 6000i


Navaids

The ON setting displays navaids from the

Navionics chart cartridge, and the OFF setting hides the nav aids.

Obstructions / rocks / wrecks

Charted objects are shown.

Ports and services

Locations of ports, their names, and many available services are shown.

Traffic lanes

Lanes where special rules may be in effect are shown.

Vegetation / seabed

Surface vegetation and seabed composition descriptions are shown.

Displaying depths

Press Depths control on the

CHART DETAIL

screen to choose how water depths are displayed. You can control the display of spot soundings, depth contour lines, and shaded areas. Press the cursor pad left or right to choose the soundings, contours or areas column. Then press the cursor pad up or down to move the slider as described below.

Depths control screen

Spot soundings

Spot soundings in shallow areas can be displayed in black or red digits, or not displayed at all. Spot soundings in deep water can be displayed or hidden.

Press the cursor pad up or down to set the depth you wish to be considered as shallow.

Press the Shallow soundings key to choose whether shallow digits are red, black, or not displayed. Press the Deep

soundings key to choose whether or not deep soundings are displayed.

Note that the absence of soundings in a particular area does not guarantee deep water — it’s possible that soundings are simply missing from that area.



35

Depth contour lines

Depth contour lines can be displayed in shallow areas only, or not at all.

Press the cursor pad up or down to set the depth you wish to be considered as shallow.

Press Contour lines to choose whether or not contour lines are displayed

Shaded areas

Navionics Gold Charts contain additional depth information that can be used to color shallow areas of water. You can choose the depth where the coloring starts.

This feature can be useful when you want to remain in water that is deeper than, for example, 20 feet. The 6000i can color water deeper than 20 feet in a very light blue (nearly white), and water shallower than 20 feet in dark blue.

Between these two areas, there will often be another area of water shaded with a brighter medium blue. Very often, the special contour lines stored in your cartridge for this purpose will not match exactly the depth you chose to indicate.

Areas that straddle your chosen depth are displayed this way. In some locations, these areas may be quite large.

Drying areas are displayed in a medium brown.

Color

Brown

Dark blue

Medium Blue

Very light blue

Meaning

Drying area

Shallow

Overlap or unknown

Deep

Press the cursor pad to the right to select the

AREAS

column, and press it up or down to choose the minimum depth you want to be notified of. Areas surveyed deeper than this depth are displayed in very light blue.

Using Gold charts

Restrictions

There are a few important restrictions on using Gold Charts.

The most important is that you can not use

Gold and Classic charts at the same time.

The 6000i configures itself for one or the

36



Northstar 6000i

Reference Manual Revision D other type when it is turned on, based on the type of cartridge currently inserted.

To change cartridge types, turn the unit off, insert the new cartridge, and turn the unit back on.

If multiple 6000i’s are connected with the

N2 network, all units must use the same type of chart. The chart in the master unit at the time it is turned on determines whether the system configures itself for

Classic or Gold charts.

Also, if you have several 6000i’s networked together using Gold Charts, a very large amount of information must be shared between units. As a result, there may be occasional short times when radar and sounder data is suspended during chart data transmission. A status message is displayed on the radar and sounder screens at these times.

First use of a cartridge

The first time a new Gold Chart cartridge is used, the 6000i reads the cartridge data and indexes it for faster access. We strongly recommend performing the following procedure once for each new Gold Chart cartridge:

1. Insert the cartridge.

2. Press the

CHART

key (twice, if necessary) to display the

Chart Region

screen.

3. Press a menu key to select the first chart region.

4. Wait until the flashing

CHART LOAD

alert turns off (about 20 or 30 seconds).

5. Repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 for all remaining regions.

The Northstar 6000i will now be able to access the cartridge data rapidly.

Additional information

Large scale charts typically do not contain spot soundings, depth contours and shaded depth areas. In smaller scale charts, the data source may omit contours and shaded areas deeper than 10 meters (33 feet). Areas not present in the data source are shown as very light blue.

Gold Charts contain much additional information about navaids and various types of obstructions. When a navaid or obstruction is selected by placing the cursor on top if it, this information may be displayed by pressing the More info menu key. An additional info bar is displayed below the chart, showing the text associated with the object. In some cases, there is more text than can be displayed in a single info bar.

Press More info additional times to display any remaining text, and then turn the info bar off.



37

Gold chart display, with a light selected

38



Northstar 6000i

Changing the track control

The 6000i displays your track history as a series of dots indicating the path you’ve recently traveled. You can choose how often to store a position fix as a point in your track history. The 6000i stores up to

4,096 position fixes. When it reaches this limit, the 6000i starts erasing the oldest points to make room for your new points.

The more often you mark your track, the faster you fill up the track memory. The maximum track length depends on how often points are stored.

Track Control screen

To display the

TRACK CONTROL

screen, press Track control on the

CHART

SETUP/STATUS

screen.

You can choose among the following options for point storage, and the corresponding track length:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

every 1 second every 2 seconds every 4 seconds every 8 seconds every 2 minutes for 60 minutes total for 120 minutes total for 4 hours total for 8 hours total every 20 seconds for 20 hours total every 40 seconds for 40 hours total every 1 minute for 60 hours total for 120 hours total

- or -

•

FREEZE TRACK (stops the storage of additional points, keeping the track unchanged)

To clear the entire track history, press

Erase Track and

ENTER

.

To remove the track display from the

CHART

screen while the 6000i continues to record the track in its memory, set the

Track line option on the

CHART DETAIL

screen to OFF. To resume viewing your track, change this option to ON.

To change any of these options, use the cursor pad to move the arrow to the field you want to change, then press Edit. Press



Changing the track control

39

the cursor pad to display the option you want. Press

ENTER

to lock in the selection.

Press Return twice to return to the

CHART

screen.

Using the course predictor line

The chart, 3D steer, and radar screens also display a course predictor line that indicates where your vessel will be in a few minutes if you maintain your current course and speed. The predictor line extends out from your vessel in the direction of your Course Over Ground. Its length is determined by your speed and the number of minutes you specify on the

Navigation Setup Options screen. You can also turn the line off. The line never extends beyond 100 nm.

To use the predictor line, simply select the number of minutes you prefer the line to represent as follows:

1. Press

STAR

several times to display the

OPTIONS/SERVICE INFO

screen.

2. Press

Navigation options.

3. Select the

Predictor Line using the cursor pad.

4. Press

Edit.

5. Use the cursor pad to display the desired line length.

6. Press

ENTER

.

Then, just watch the predictor line on the chart, 3D steer or radar screen to determine where your current course will take you.

Using the distance and bearing calculator

You can quickly check the distance and bearing between any two points on the

CHART

screen. You can also use this function to make new waypoints that you define by their distance and bearing from another point.

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

.

2. Press

Distance and Bearing.

The 6000i displays your present position at the center of the CHART screen with the cursor directly over it.

3. Press the cursor pad to move the cursor to the first location.

40


Using the course predictor line

Northstar 6000i

The distance and bearing from your position to the cursor is displayed in the info bar.

4. To measure the distance and bearing from the cursor to another point, press

Set

new “X.”

A new

“X,”

or starting point, is displayed at that location. As you move the cursor, the distance and bearing from the

“X”

point to the cursor’s position are displayed in the info bar

.


Distance and Bearing screen

If you want to make a waypoint at the cursor location, press Add waypt, then enter its name, symbol, and any description on the

NEW WAYPOINT

screen. Press

ENTER

to save it.



41

42



Northstar 6000i



Position coordinates

Displaying position, COG, and speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Using GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Using DGPS or WAAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Using loran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Using Phantom Loran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

T

he

POSITION

key displays your position coordinates (from GPS, loran or Phantom

Loran) and lets you check out GPS or loran signal status. COG, SOG, and time of day are also displayed.

43

Displaying position, COG, and speed

The 6000i uses a high-performance GPS receiver as its primary source of position data, with accuracy enhanced by either the

WAAS satellite system, or an optional radiobeacon differential receiver, or both.

Depending on the additional optional receivers that are connected, the 6000i can determine and display position coordinates in several different ways:

•

•

as lat/lon coordinates

>

from GPS satellites alone

>

from GPS enhanced by the radiobeacon differential system

>

from GPS enhanced by WAAS satellites

>

from loran as loran coordinates

>

from a loran receiver connected to the

6000i

>

calculated from the GPS coordinates

(“Phantom Loran”)

Using GPS

Position, COG, and SOG are calculated from the received satellite data, as well as time and date. To display this position information numerically, press the

POSITION

key.

You’ll see your lat/lon coordinates on the

GPS POSITION

screen.

If GPS data isn’t available, you’ll see dashes instead of numbers.

You can display lat/lon as either degrees, minutes, and seconds, or as degrees, minutes, and thousandths of minutes. For instructions, see Changing your display

settings, starting on page 154.

44

Reference section 2 — Position coordinates

Displaying position, COG, and speed

GPS position screen

Northstar 6000i


The time of day, and today’s day and date are displayed at the bottom of the screen.

You can display time in a 12- or 24-hour format (see 12- or 24-hour clock, on page

155). To designate the time zone for your area, see Changing the time zone, on page

166.

SOG and COG readings are the result of instantaneous measurements from the satellite signals. GPS speed is updated every second. For extremely stable readings, you can average these readings over several seconds by changing the GPS speed averaging value (see Changing your

receiver settings, on page 160).

The name of the datum currently in use is displayed in the center of the screen. The datum describes any adjustment made to the standard WGS-84 position reported by the GPS receiver. You can choose a different datum using the Navigations

Options setup screen (see Choosing a

geodetic datum, on page 158). You may wish to do this in order to match a paper chart or other information based on a different reference system. New charts use the NAD83 or WGS84 datum, which are nearly identical.

WARNING:

Using the wrong datum can significantly reduce accuracy.

A brief status summary of the GPS receiver is displayed at the top of the screen. Table

1 describes the GPS status messages.

Table 1: GPS status messages

Message Meaning

COMM FAIL

the GPS receiver or its communication link has a problem

3D NAV

2D NAV

ACQUIRE

navigating with 4 or more satellites in 3-D mode navigating with 3 satellites in

2-D mode trying to acquire satellites

Viewing GPS satellite status

To display more information about the signals received from the GPS satellites, press Sat info on the

GPS POSITION

screen.

The

GPS SATELLITES

screen shows the received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for each satellite (the higher the SNR, the better the quality of the satellite signals), and a map indicating where the satellites are currently located in the sky. The satellites are identified by their PRN number, a one- or two-digit number assigned by the

U.S. government. GPS satellites are repre-


Using GPS

45

sented by circles; WAAS satellites are represented by hexagons.

Satellite status screen

The center of the satellite map represents the center of the sky, and the outermost ring is the horizon. The view is looking down from above, with east to your right and west to your left.

HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision) is a technical measure of the quality of your position fix. It is calculated from the satellites’ current positions. You’ll usually see an invalid HDOP value displayed immediately after the 6000i is turned on, before it’s ready to navigate. HDOP can range from an ideal value of slightly less than one, up to poor values of 10 or more. Any value less than two indicates an excellent satellite configuration.

Using DGPS or WAAS

When using the 6000i with standard

WAAS or an external radiobeacon DGPS receiver, you’ll usually see position measurements accurate to about one to three meters, speed measurements accurate to about 0.1 knot, and COG measurements accurate to about 0.5 degree. WAAS or DGPS corrections remove most of the errors caused by atmospheric variations.

When the WAAS or DGPS indicator is displayed at the right edge of the screen, the 6000i is using this higher level of accuracy. When you require this additional accuracy, be sure to check often to verify that either the WAAS or DGPS indicator is present.

For most applications, the built-in WAAS receiver automatically supplies highly accurate navigation data. DGPS corrections are available only from a user-supplied external DGPS receiver using the

SC-104 data format. No DGPS signal status is displayed.

46


Using DGPS or WAAS

Northstar 6000i

Using loran


Many users have lists of fishing spots and other waypoints that were recorded using loran time differences (TDs). The 6000i lets you continue using this invaluable data.

By interfacing your loran receiver to the

6000i, you can use the 6000i’s chart plotting and advanced navigating features with actual loran coordinates.

If you don’t have a loran receiver, you can still use the Phantom Loran feature described on page 49. With it, the 6000i calculates “Phantom” loran coordinates from GPS position information.

If you don’t plan to use loran, you can skip these sections.

NOTE:

The loran you use must support the standard

NMEA 0183 “RMA” output data sentence structure. The Northstar 800 loran supports NMEA

0183 and is an ideal choice to use with the

6000i.

2. Press

Navigation Options, then select the Navigation Source field.

3. Press

Edit, then press the cursor pad to display EXTERNAL LRN as the position source.

4. Press

Enter and then Return.

5. Press

POSITION

to display the

LORAN

POSITION

screen.

Selecting and displaying loran

To display loran time differences (TDs) from a connected loran receiver:

1. Press the

STAR

key several times to display the


screen.

Press L/L TDS several times to display either the particular pair of TDs you want to use, or the loran-derived latitude/longitude.


Using loran

47

Setting the loran GRI

The 6000i can convert the loran’s TDs to latitude/longitude position fixes, if you set the four-digit loran Group Repetition

Interval (GRI) shown on the screen to match the GRI being used by your loran receiver. To change the GRI, press Set GRI on the

LORAN POSITION

screen and press the cursor pad to display the available GRIs one at a time. When the displayed GRI is correct, press

ENTER

.

Checking GPS status

To display GPS coordinates and signal status, press Check GPS. The 6000i continues to navigate using loran, and will display loran data the next time you display the

LORAN POSITION

screen.

receiver. They are displayed to the right of each TD. (These indicators are available only from Northstar 800 series lorans.)

Table 2: Northstar 800 series loran warning indicators

Indicator

SNR

BLNK

CYC

LOCK

Meaning

Signal-to-Noise Ratio is low—use caution.

The Coast Guard is transmitting a blink signal, indicating a probable transmitter problem.

The receiver has detected a possible cycle slip.

The loran has locked onto the loran track point (this isn’t a warning indicator, but an indication of normal performance).

Viewing loran status

To check the quality of signals being received by your loran, press Loran info on the

LORAN POSITION

screen. The

Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) for each loran transmitting station is displayed graphically on the

LORAN INFO

screen.

The L/L indicators to the left of the TDs designate the two TDs that the loran receiver has chosen for calculating latitude and longitude.

The F/L indicator to the left of a TD indicates that the user has forced that TD to be used for calculating latitude and longitude.

Viewing loran warning indicators

Table 2 shows the loran warning indicators obtained from any Northstar 800 loran

48


Using loran

Northstar 6000i

Returning to GPS navigation

To return to using GPS signals for navigation, repeat the steps shown for selecting loran in Selecting and displaying loran, on page 47, but choose GPS instead of loran.

Using Phantom Loran

If you have lists of fishing spots and other waypoints that you recorded as loran time differences (TDs), but you no longer have a loran receiver, the 6000i can automatically convert its GPS coordinates into TDs—in real time, as you travel. You can display your current position as TDs or navigate to waypoints using TDs. The accuracy from this conversion is generally 500 to 1500 feet.

This feature, called Phantom Loran, can help your transition from loran to GPS. You can use the 6000i to simulate the full operation of a loran receiver, using all of the

6000i’s navigation functions as if it were actually receiving loran signals.

These calculated TDs won’t exactly match the positions of previously recorded TDs obtained directly from actual loran signals.

In most areas, TD errors shouldn’t exceed one microsecond. However, larger errors are possible in areas with poor station geometry, or for which the 6000i doesn’t have accurate, factory-programmed ASF correction points.

Selecting Phantom Loran

To display position coordinates as

Phantom Loran TDs:

1. Press the

STAR

key to display the


screen.

2. Press

Navigation Options, then highlight the NAVIGATION SOURCE option.

3. Press

Edit, then press the cursor pad to select PHANTOM LRN.

4. Press

ENTER

, then press

Return.

5. Press

POSITION

to display the

LORAN

POSITION

screen.

Setting the Phantom Loran GRI

Press Set GRI to change the GRI to be used in calculating the displayed TDs.

Press the cursor pad to display the available GRIs one at a time. When the GRI is correct, press

ENTER

.




49

Phantom Loran screen

Press L/L TDS several times to display either the particular pair of TDs you want to use, or the GPS-derived latitude/longitude.

50



Northstar 6000i


Navigating to Waypoints

Introducing waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Designating a waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Steering to a waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

The course predictor line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Navigating along routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Restarting the track line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

The NAV LOG screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59


A

waypoint is a specific point you designate either by entering its coordinates or by pointing to it on the chart using the cursor. Hundreds of waypoints can be stored in the

6000i’s memory, and can be strung together to form a variety of routes.

51

Introducing waypoints

To store a route, see page 71.

A waypoint is a point (a location) that you’ve entered into the 6000i’s memory.

The waypoint is displayed on the chart with the symbol you’ve chosen. In contrast, the term nav aid refers to a point that’s permanently stored on the Navionics chart cartridge.

Here are some of the functions you can perform with waypoints:

•

go to a point on the

CHART

screen in one step (making a “quick” waypoint)

•

•

•

•

•

•

store waypoints into the 6000i go to these waypoints string these waypoints together to form routes edit or erase waypoints or routes plot waypoints on a chart transfer waypoints and routes from the

6000i to a PC or an older Northstar navigator, and back again

Designating a waypoint

You can designate waypoints in any of the following ways:

•

•

•

use the cursor on the

CHART

screen to select an existing waypoint or create a new waypoint enter numeric position coordinates select an existing waypoint from a list

You can also string together several waypoints to form a route, and let the

6000i guide you from one waypoint to the next (see Introducing routes, on page 71).

Designating a waypoint on the chart screen

You can go to a waypoint by moving the cursor to that point on the chart — either selecting an existing waypoint on the

CHART

screen, or designating any other location on the

CHART

screen:

1. On the

CHART

screen, move the cursor pad to choose an existing waypoint or nav aid, or any unmarked chart position.

2. Press

Go to waypt. (If you didn’t choose a waypoint, the key will read

Go to cur-

sor or Go to navaid.)

3. Press

ENTER

.

52

Reference section 3 — Navigating to Waypoints

Introducing waypoints

Northstar 6000i


If you selected an existing waypoint, the

6000i begins guiding you directly to it.

If you chose a new cursor location, the

6000i makes a new waypoint named

-QUIK-, and guides you directly to it.

Repeating this same procedure will create a new -QUIK- waypoint that overwrites the existing one; therefore, you may want to save the -QUIK- waypoint as a regular waypoint by renaming it. See Editing waypoints, starting on page 70.

Entering a waypoint’s position coordinates

You can use the keypad to enter waypoint coordinates, and then go to that waypoint:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press

Quick waypoint to display the

QUICK

WAYPOINT

screen.

Quik waypoint screen

2. If necessary, select the type of coordinates you want to enter by pressing the

Coord

type menu key:

•

lat/lon

•

distance and bearing from “here”

(your present position), or from any waypoint stored in the 6000i

•

loran TDs (make sure the GRI displayed is correct, and change it if necessary)

3. Use the keypad to enter the waypoint’s coordinates.

The initial position shown is your latest fix.

If you wish, you can now give the entered its coordinates, since the next

-

QUIK-

-QUIKwaypoint a unique name after you’ve

waypoint you make will overwrite this one: Just move the cursor to the field and change the name from name

-QUIK- to a unique permanent name before continuing.

4. Press

ENTER

twice.

The 6000i begins guiding you directly to the waypoint.

Using previously stored waypoints

If you have already stored waypoints as described starting on page 65, you can select one of these and navigate to it.

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press

Waypoints.


Designating a waypoint

53

2. Press

Next view to display the most convenient view. You can select a waypoint from the chart view, or from one of the waypoint lists (often the local list, since the waypoints you navigate to are usually nearby). See Displaying waypoints, starting on page 64

3. Press the cursor pad to select the waypoint you want to navigate to.

4. Press

Go to, then press

ENTER

.

The 6000i begins guiding you directly to the waypoint.

Local waypoints list

Steering to a waypoint

1. On track

If your 6000i is interfaced to an autopilot, it can steer your vessel automatically along a track line directly to the active waypoint.

2. Off track, come left to return

3. Off track and moving towards course line

4. Off track and moving away from course line

To steer the vessel yourself, press the

STEER

key. The 6000i displays a picture of your vessel and the desired track line. Just steer to keep the vessel close to the track line (see examples at left).

This precise navigation is especially useful for following a harbor channel or a line between shoals and sandbars.

You can also steer using the

CHART screen when you just want to get to a waypoint and don’t need to stay precisely on the designated course line.

The following is also displayed:

•

•

•

distance and bearing to the waypoint

Speed-Over-Ground (SOG)

Course-Over-Ground (COG)

If you exceed the cross-track alarm distance, the 6000i issues an alarm. To display this alarm message, press the

STAR

key. To clear the alarm, press Clear alarm.

There are two versions of the steering screen. The

2D SCREEN

is a simple graphic display of cross-track distance. The

3D

54



Northstar 6000i


SCREEN

is similar, but from an “overhead” perspective view that also shows nearby waypoints. Press

STEER

a second time to switch between the screens.

The 2D steering screen

The

2D STEERING

screen uses a traditional two-dimensional display that shows your cross-track distance — how far your vessel is from your intended track line (the center line of the display). The vessel symbol on the display rotates as your vessel turns, showing whether you are moving closer to the line or further from the line.

Ideally, you’ll keep the vessel symbol close to the track line and parallel to it.

The scale of the cross-track display is shown in the lower corners of the screen.

To adjust the cross-track scale, see

Choosing the cross-track scale, on page 159.

Note that the heading correction display on the 2D screen (showing “Come 30°

Right,” below) indicates the heading change needed to sail parallel to the desired track line. This is the correction to make after you are on the line.

2D Steer screen — approaching the track line

The direction in which your vessel symbol is pointing tells you the direction you’re actually travelling (your COG). The direction may not be the same as your heading, if any current or wind is present.

When the 6000i sequences to a new leg of a route, your vessel symbol will immediately show your COG relative to the



55

new leg. It points straight ahead once you’ve finished the turn.

pressing More info to cycle through the three choices:

•

•

•

Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) to the waypoint, and Estimated Time and Date of Arrival (ETA)

Speed of Advance (SOA), and graphical heading correction

Waypoint name, description, and position coordinates

2D Steer screen — vessel on track

The distance and bearing to the waypoint, and your Speed-Over-Ground (SOG) and

Course-Over-Ground (COG) are displayed at in the upper half of the screen. Your

6000i may show an arrow to the right of the SOG display, pointing upwards when the trend of your speed is increasing, and down when it’s decreasing.

When you’re less than a mile away from a destination waypoint, you can show the distance to the waypoint in feet (or meters) by setting the 6000i’s steering precision option to high. For details, see Changing the

steering precision, on page 159.

You can display additional information in the center of the

2D STEERING

screen by

The 3D steering screen

The

3D STEERING

screen is similar to the

2D

STEERING

screen. It displays a three-dimensional view of your vessel with the current waypoint, the course line to the waypoint, and the locations of any other nearby waypoints ahead of your vessel.

You can use the

ZOOM

keys to zoom in and out on this screen.

56



Northstar 6000i

3D Steer screen

The course predictor line

The course predictor line (see Using the

course predictor line, on page 40) provides another effective way to navigate a course line or even to navigate directly to a point on the chart. On the chart or radar screen, just keep the end of the predictor line near the intended course line, and your vessel will steer towards and gently merge with the line.

The predictor line is also shown on the 3D steer screen. Here, it is often curved to represent the actual track on the 3D grid.

The center of the line is black when you are not navigating to a waypoint, and yellow when you are navigating to a waypoint. If the line would extend beyond the displayed horizon, it is not shown.

Navigating along routes

To follow a previously stored route, press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press Routes to display the

ROUTES

list. Press the cursor

Reference Manual Revision D pad to select the route you want to follow, then press Go. The 6000i displays a chart showing the chosen route.


The course predictor line

57

Starting a route

To go directly to the selected waypoint in the route, press Go to waypt, then press

ENTER

. The 6000i calculates a track line from your present position to the selected route waypoint. Your cross track error starts at zero.

If you wish to start navigating along a route leg, rather than directly to a waypoint, select the leg by moving the cursor onto the leg, then press Follow leg and press

ENTER

. In this case, your initial cross-track error is your distance from that leg. The leg you’re currently navigating along is displayed with arrows indicating your chosen direction of travel; other legs are displayed with fewer arrows.

Chart screen, showing a route

From here, you can do the following:

•

•

•

select a starting waypoint or leg start following the route reverse the route

Selecting the starting point

The nearest waypoint in the route is automatically selected as the starting point. To choose a different waypoint or route leg, press the cursor pad and select it on the chart. You can zoom

IN

or

OUT

to see a smaller or larger area of the route.

Reversing a route

To follow the route in the reverse direction, press Reverse before starting the route. The direction of the route and its arrows will change from end to end.

58


Navigating along routes

Northstar 6000i

Restarting the track line

When travelling from one waypoint to another, you may find you’ve gone off your planned track line. Maybe you avoided an obstacle or drifted slightly off-course. Whenever you’re off-track, you can get back by one of two methods:

•

•

after passing the obstacle, you can steer your vessel back to the original track line by using the cross-track error display, and simply continue to the waypoint (Track 1 in Figure 3) after passing the obstacle, if you don’t need to return to your original track line, you can go directly to the next waypoint by using the 6000i’s restart function (Track 2 in Figure 3)

Figure 3: Restarting the course line

To restart your track line from your present position, press Restart and

ENTER

.

Restart is found on the

CHART

screen (in vessel mode only), on the

STEER

screen, and on the

NAVLOG

screen.

The 6000i calculates a new track line from your present position directly to the next waypoint, and resets your cross-track error to zero.

The NAV LOG screen

The

NAV LOG

screen displays the waypoints in your current trip and lets you easily make changes to them. To access the screen, press the Navlog key on the

STEER

screen.

The navlog helps you plan and log your trip, using three main functions:

•

displaying your progress along your trip



Restarting the track line

59

•

•

allowing you to easily change the rest of your trip (add waypoints to a route, or reverse the entire trip) allowing you to sequence to the next leg, if you’ve chosen manual waypoint sequencing

The nav log contains the series of waypoints that you follow along your route and displays them in sequential order.

When you navigate to these waypoints, or along an already stored route, the series of waypoints is copied into the nav log, which acts as a kind of “scratch pad” to monitor your progress. You can change the nav log’s route in any way you want without affecting the original route, which remains safely stored in the 6000i.

To see the waypoints you’re currently navigating along, press the Navlog key on the

STEER

screen.

Navlog screen

The

NAV LOG

screen shows the list of waypoints, the length and bearing of each leg, and the direction of your next trip leg.

Press the cursor pad to scan the waypoints in the list.

To display either a waypoint’s description or its estimated time of arrival (ETA), press the Show waypt desc or Show waypt

ETA menu key. For waypoints you haven’t passed yet, the times of arrival shown are estimates based on your current speed. For waypoints you’ve already passed, actual times of arrival are shown. The 6000i updates this information as you travel.

60



Northstar 6000i


NOTE:

Estimated times are just estimates, which may be inaccurate if your SOG changes, either intentionally or by passing through varying currents.

Your ETA at the last waypoint (your destination) is shown at the top of the screen. A darkened arrow connecting the right ends of two waypoint boxes indicates you’ve completed that leg of the trip.

edit-route function. (For details, see

”Editing a route” starting on page 100.)

4. Repeat these steps for any more waypoints you want to add.

NOTE:

If you go to a waypoint or along a route by using the 6000i’s GO TO function, the unit automatically enters and organizes the waypoints in the nav log.

Reversing your trip

You can reverse your trip at any time.

Pressing the Reverse menu key on the

NAV LOG

screen lets you travel the trip in the opposite direction.

Changing your trip

Adding waypoints to your trip

You can add waypoints to your trip at any time:

1. On the

NAV LOG

screen, press the

Append waypt menu key to display a chart view of the trip waypoints on the

APPEND WAYPT

screen.

2. Press the cursor pad to select the desired waypoint.

3. Press the Select waypt menu key, then press the

ENTER

key to add the waypoint to the nav log.

NOTE:

Any waypoints added in this manner

aren’t permanently added

to the original route stored in the 6000i. To permanently change a route, you must use the

Stopping and restarting navigation

Stopping navigation

Whenever you press the nav log’s Stop menu key, the 6000i stops navigating, and won’t display distance and bearing to waypoints or ETA or ETE.

Restarting navigation

You can restart navigation along any leg or to any waypoint of the trip. On the

NAV LOG

screen, move the cursor arrow to highlight the waypoint or leg. When you select a waypoint, a triangle points to the waypoint.



61

When you select a leg, an arrow points from the first waypoint to the second. Press the Restart menu key.

62



Northstar 6000i



Creating waypoints and routes

Displaying waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Creating new waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Creating avoidance-area waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Editing waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Introducing routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Creating a route from the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Creating routes from a list of waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Saving a route as you travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Editing a route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Transferring waypoints/routes to other units . . . . . . . . . 80

Transferring waypoints to and from a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

T

his chapter explains how to create new waypoints and modify existing ones, how to make a route from stored waypoints, and how to create a route by saving it as you travel.

You’ll also learn how to change a route by inserting, removing or changing the order of its waypoints.

63

Displaying waypoints

To display waypoints, press the

WAYPTS/ROUTES

key, then Waypoints.

You can press Next view to step through the four available waypoint screens listed below:

•

•

•

•

waypoints displayed on the chart a list of up to 30 local waypoints, sorted by distance (nearest first) a list of all waypoints, sorted alphabetically a list of up to 30 local avoidance waypoints, sorted by distance (nearest first)

The waypoint screen type is shown in the upper right corner.

Waypoints on the local list

The

WAYPOINTS (LOCAL)

screen displays up to 30 of the closest waypoints (within 100 nm) in order of their distance from your present position. This list is particularly useful for working with the waypoints in your area. Often these are the only waypoints you may be interested in at the moment.

Waypoints on the chart screen

The

WAYPOINTS CHART

screen displays your waypoints graphically. You can press the cursor pad to display other areas of the chart, and press the

OUT

or

IN

zoom keys to see more or less chart area.

NOTE:

If you’ve turned off the display of waypoints on the

CHART

screen, you’ll only see waypoints that are currently in use for navigation.

Waypoints on the alpha list

The

WAYPOINTS (ALPHA)

screen displays all stored waypoints in alphabetical order.

Waypoints with a digit as the first character appear at the beginning of the list.

Those starting with a dash or parenthesis are at the end.

Waypoints on the avoidance list

The

WAYPOINTS (AVOIDANCE)

screen displays up to 30 of the closest avoidance waypoints (within 100 nm) in order of distance from your present position.

Using the waypoint lists

After you’ve stored a few waypoints in the

6000i, you can press the cursor pad to

64

Reference section 4 — Creating waypoints and routes

Displaying waypoints

Northstar 6000i

move up or down within a waypoint list to select individual waypoints.

When you display a waypoint list, you can see their coordinates in any of the following ways by pressing the Coord

option menu key:

•

•

as lat/lon coordinates as distance and bearing from your position (often the most useful way to

•

display coordinates, since it may be easier to visualize “3 miles north” than lat/lon digits) as loran time differences

The small letter “S” to the right of the waypoint name tells you that the displayed coordinates, either lat/lon or TDs, were the ones used to originally store the waypoint.

Creating new waypoints

There are two easy ways to create a new waypoint:

•

•

numerically — by entering position coordinates as lat/lon, loran TDs, or distance and bearing on the

NEW

WAYPOINT

screen from the chart — by pointing to the waypoint’s location on the

CHART

screen

Assigning a name and description

To permanently store a waypoint, you must give it a name. The name can be from one to six characters long, and must be different from all the other waypoint names stored in the 6000i. You can also enter a description of up to 16 characters on the line below the name.

Assigning a symbol

You can give the waypoint a symbol so you can easily identify it on the

CHART

screen. When creating or editing waypoints, you can choose from any one of




65

66

16 symbols, eight of which are shown below.

ANCHOR FISH FLAG X

FUEL WRECK DANGER DOT

Figure 4: Waypoint symbols

Entering waypoints numerically

To enter waypoints numerically:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

.

2. Press

Waypoints.

Local Waypoints screen

3. Press

Add to display the

NEW WAYPOINT

screen.



New Waypoint screen

Northstar 6000i


4. Enter a waypoint name and optional description.

Press (several times if necessary) the key on the 6000i keypad that contains the letter or digit you wish to enter. Press the cursor pad when necessary to move the cursor to the next character.

5. Choose a symbol for the waypoint by repeatedly pressing

Symbol.

6. Enter the waypoint’s coordinates. To switch between displaying coordinates as lat/lon, as loran TDs, or as distance and bearing coordinates, press

Coord type:

•

For lat/lon, the

N-S-E-W key lets you manually change the hemisphere, if necessary.

•

•

For loran TDs, enter any valid pair of

TDs and the GRI for the pair. After entering the GRI, check the name of the GRI that’s automatically displayed to ensure it’s correct.

For distance and bearing from

your present position

, leave the

From point set to -HERE-, and enter the bearing and the distance to the desired waypoint.

•

For distance and bearing from a

waypoint

, press the

From menu key to display a chart screen. Press the cursor pad to select the desired waypoint and press

Select waypt, or create a new waypoint at the cursor location by pressing

Add

waypt followed by Select waypt.

Enter the bearing and the distance from the designated waypoint to your new waypoint.

If you change your mind and want to return to specifying distance and bearing from your present position instead of from another

waypoint

, press

From vessel

the chart screen.

on

7. Press

ENTER

to permanently store the new waypoint.

NOTE:

Don’t enter a number into the

Warn radius box unless you want to make this waypoint an avoidance point, as described in the next section.

Entering waypoints on a chart screen

To enter waypoints on a

CHART

screen:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

.

2. Press

Waypoints. If necessary, press

Next view to display the

WAYPOINTS

CHART

screen.



67

4. Press

Add waypt to capture the cursor coordinates and display the

NEW WAY-

POINT

screen.

5. Now follow the instructions above for

entering a waypoint numerically, starting with Step 4. The coordinates of the cursor (Step 6) will be already entered — don’t change them unless you mean to.

Waypoints chart screen

3. Press the cursor pad to move the cursor to the position of the new waypoint. You can zoom in or out, as necessary, to precisely place your waypoint.

Creating avoidance-area waypoints

You can make avoidance areas from new or existing waypoints. Then, if you travel into a designated avoidance area, the 6000i will sound a beep and flash an alarm on the screen.

The 6000i displays an avoidance area on the

CHART

screen as a waypoint surrounded by a circle. The circle is the avoidance area’s warning radius, which you set when you create or edit the waypoint. You can use the international

“slashed circle” no-entry symbol as the avoidance point’s symbol to help you quickly see it on the chart.

The waypoint is treated as an avoidance point only if you specify a warning radius larger than zero. In other words, just assigning the slashed circle symbol to a waypoint doesn’t cause the 6000i to treat that waypoint as an avoidance point.

68



Northstar 6000i

to respond by turning or stopping after you hear the alarm, and to allow for the typical accuracy of the navigation source in use.

Setting the avoidance-area alarm

The 6000i will sound an audio alarm when you enter an avoidance area, provided you’ve turned on the audio alarm. (See

“Alarm audio” on page 142.)

CAUTION!


The avoidance alarm is only an extra safety feature to help alert you to possible hazards.

It doesn’t replace local knowledge, proper use of charts, the person on watch, or any other aspects of good seamanship that are required to safely navigate.

To make any waypoint act as an avoidance point, enter a number in the

WARN RADIUS

box at the bottom of the

NEW WAYPOINT OR

EDIT WAYPOINT

screen. The warning radius can be from 0.1nm to 4.99 nm.

Be sure to allow a little extra distance around the hazard area so you’ll have time



69

Editing waypoints

You can change any information about an existing waypoint (except for the type of coordinates used to save it) or erase it entirely by using the 6000i’s waypoint editing function.

Changing waypoints

To change a waypoint’s name, description, position coordinates, or warning radius:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then

Waypoints. If necessary, press Next

view to display the waypoint screen you want.

2. Select the waypoint by highlighting it with the cursor pad.

Waypoint “SANDBAR” selected

3. To edit the waypoint, press

Edit. (On the

WAYPOINTS CHART

screen, the key is labelled

Edit waypt.)

Edit Waypoint screen

The

EDIT WAYPOINT

screen appears, allowing you to make changes just as if you were entering a new waypoint. Press

ENTER

when done.

If the waypoint is in an active navplan, you must stop navigating before editing it.

NOTE:

If you move the waypoint, any routes containing this waypoint will be changed to reflect the waypoint’s new position.

70


Editing waypoints

Northstar 6000i

A warning is displayed before any routes are changed.

Erasing waypoints

To permanently erase the waypoint, press

Erase on the

EDIT WAYPT

screen, then

ENTER

.

You can’t erase a waypoint if it’s used in a route—you must first remove it from the route. For details about editing routes, see Editing a route, starting on page 76.

Updating waypoint coordinates

You can “fine tune” a waypoint’s position by actually sailing to the exact desired position and setting the waypoint’s stored coordinates to your present position. You can do this on the

WAYPOINTS CHART

screen or any of the waypoint list screens.

To update the waypoint’s coordinates to your exact position, display the

EDIT

WAYPOINT

screen for the waypoint as described above. When your position is correct, press Update coord and

ENTER

.

Introducing routes

A route is a sequence of waypoints that you designate. Routes can be used to perform the following functions:

•

•

•

•

as guidance through a channel or harbor as a quick and efficient path to good fishing spots as the best way around a permanent obstacle, such as an island as guidance on a single long voyage with various “legs” to food and fuel stops along the way, or to other temporary destinations

Waypoints in a route are connected by straight lines called legs. The 6000i can follow route legs in a forward or backward direction. You can start following a route in either of two ways:

•

•

go directly to any waypoint in the route, then automatically continue on the next leg (cross-track distance starts at zero, because you’re on the course line from your present position to the waypoint) start along any leg of the route

(cross-track distance starts at your distance from the leg)

See ”Navigating along routes” beginning on page 57.



Introducing routes

71

You can create a route in three different ways:

•

•

•

use the

CHART

screen to choose a sequence of waypoints use a waypoint list to choose a sequence of waypoints save a route’s waypoints as you travel

Route and waypoint capacity

A route can have up to 35 waypoints. You can store as many as 500 routes in the

6000i, but the maximum number depends on the number of stored waypoints. Each route takes up space that otherwise could be occupied by one or two waypoints.

Creating a route from the chart

To create a route graphically from the

CHART

screen:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, and then press

Routes.

The names of any previously stored routes are shown on the routes list.

2. Press

New to display the

NEW ROUTE

screen.

Routes list screen

72



New Route screen

3. Enter the name of the new route using the keypad and cursor pad.

Northstar 6000i

4. If the

Use Chart menu key is displayed, press it to change from list-based entry to chart-based entry.

5. Press

ENTER

.

The NEW ROUTE chart screen is displayed; you may now start selecting waypoints for the new route.

6. To add waypoints to the route, move the cursor to the first waypoint’s location, which can be a nav aid, an existing waypoint, or any unmarked point on the chart.

Press

Add new WP. (If an existing waypoint is selected, the menu key will read

Add waypt.) cally named, and the four-digit number uniquely identifies each waypoint. Also, each new waypoint is automatically given a description showing the time and date you stored the waypoint.

7. Continue creating the route by moving the cursor to each desired waypoint location and pressing either Add waypt or Add

new WP. A line is drawn on the new

route screen connecting the waypoints, with small arrows indicating the direction of the route.

8. At any time, you can press

Cancel add to stop appending waypoints, and then select a route leg or waypoint to continue editing a different part of the route.

9. When you’re done, press

Return to switch to the

NEW ROUTE

screen to see all of the route’s waypoints.


New Route chart screen

Newly created waypoints are named

(0001), (0002), etc. The parentheses indicate that the waypoint was automati-



73

Creating routes from a list of waypoints

To create a route from a list of existing waypoints:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press

Routes.

2. Press

New to display the

NEW ROUTE

screen.

3. Enter the name of the route using the keypad and cursor pad.

4. If the

Use list menu key is displayed, press it to change from chart-based editing to list-based editing.

5. Press

ENTER

.

6. Press

Insert.

The SELECT WAYPT screen appears, listing all of your stored waypoints.

7. If you want to switch between the

LOCAL

and

ALPHA

lists, press

Next view.

8. Move the cursor to select the desired waypoint, then press

ENTER

to place the waypoint in your route. Or, press

New to create a new waypoint, then add it to the route.

9. Repeat Steps 7 and 8 until your new route is complete.

To see or edit the route on the CHART screen at any time, press entry screen.

Chart.

Press

Return

to go back to the NEW ROUTE

Saving a route as you travel

To make a record of a trip that you may want to repeat later, you can save waypoints into a route as you travel by pressing the

SAVE/MOB

key every time you pass a point you want to store in the route.

The save-route function makes this a very simple process: First, you tell the 6000i that you want to save a route as you travel, then you press

SAVE/MOB

as you pass each new waypoint, then you tell it to stop saving the route when you reach the end of the route.

To begin saving a route as you travel:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, and then press

Routes to display the

ROUTES

screen:

74


Creating routes from a list of waypoints

Northstar 6000i


Routes screen

2. Press the

Save menu key to set up saving a route automatically.

The

SAVE ROUTE

screen is displayed, asking you to enter the name of the new route to be saved.

If you use the name of any existing route, waypoints will be added to the end of that route.

Save Route setup screen

Enter the name of the route to be saved using the keypad and cursor pad, then press

ENTER

twice.

The unit displays the message “ saving to route:”

at the bottom of the ROUTES screen, confirming the name of the route being saved.


Saving a route as you travel

75

Routes screen — saving a route

3. As you pass the location of each desired waypoint, press

SAVE/MOB

.

The vessel’s location will be saved as a waypoint, and the waypoint will automatically be added to the route being saved.

The waypoint is stored with a name similar to

(0001)

. The parentheses indicate that the waypoint was automatically named, and the four-digit number uniquely identifies each waypoint. Each waypoint is also given a description with the time and date you stored the waypoint.

NOTE:

While you’re automatically saving a route, you can also access all of the unit’s navigation functions (except you can’t edit the route you’re presently saving).

To check whether you’re still saving a route, press

WAYPTS/ROUTES, then

Routes

to display the ROUTES screen. If you’re still saving a route, the message

“saving to route:”

is displayed at the bottom of the screen.

If the route becomes full (35 waypoints), you may want to stop saving to this route and start a second one.

To stop saving a route:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press

Routes.

2. Press

Stop save and

ENTER

twice.

Editing a route

You can make changes to a route graphically using the

CHART

screen or you can change it using a list of its waypoints.

You can make any of the following changes:

•

change the route name

76


Editing a route

Northstar 6000i


•

•

•

add new or existing waypoints to the beginning, middle, or end of the route remove waypoints from the route erase the entire route

To edit a route:

1. Press

WAYPTS/ROUTES

, then press

ROUTES

to display the

ROUTES

screen.

Routes screen

2. Press the cursor pad to select the route you want to change, then press

Edit. The name of the route is displayed on the

EDIT

ROUTE

screen.

Edit Route screen

3. If you want to change the route’s name, do so now.

4. Press Use chart or Use list to change the edit method, if desired.

5. Press

ENTER

.

You can alternate between list and chart editing at any time.


Editing a route

77

depending on the choice you make in step one below.

1. Press the cursor pad to move the cursor onto the route’s last waypoint (or first waypoint, or a leg).

Editing a route on the chart

The direction of the route is indicated by a series of small arrows in each leg, and the cursor is in the middle of the screen.

Editing from the chart is described below; editing from a list of waypoints is described in Editing a route using a waypoints list, starting on page 79.

Editing a route using the chart

After you have accessed a route as described above, you can add or remove waypoints using the chart as follows:

Adding waypoints to a route

You can add waypoints to the end of a route, or to the beginning, or the middle,

78


Editing a route

Waypoint (0001) selected in the route

2. Press

Add to end (or Add to front or

Split leg).

3. Move the cursor to the location that you want to add to the route (either an existing waypoint, or any other spot).

As you move the cursor, the 6000i displays the new route leg as a dotted line to the cursor position.

4. Press a menu key once to add the waypoint:

•

If you selected an existing waypoint, the key is marked

Add waypt.

Northstar 6000i


•

•

otherwise, the key will read

Add

new WP.

If you’re adding to the middle of a route, the key is marked

Insert

new WP.

5. Repeat for each new waypoint or cursor location you want to add to the route.

6. When you’re finished, press

Cancel add.

Instead, you can press to list-based editing.

Return

to switch

Removing waypoints from a route

To remove waypoints from the route (the waypoint is not erased from the 6000i):

1. Move the cursor to the waypoint you want to remove, then press

Remove waypt.

Even if you remove all the waypoints from a route, the 6000i still retains the empty route. To remove the route entirely, see

Erasing an entire route, on page 80.

2. When done, press

Return to go to list-based editing.

Adding waypoints to a route

1. Press the cursor pad to move the pointer at the left side of the screen to the spot in

between two existing waypoints where you want to insert a new waypoint.

(To add a waypoint to the beginning of the route, be sure to position the pointer

above the first waypoint, not right onto it.)

2. Press

Insert to display the

SELECT WAYPT

screen that lists all your stored waypoints.

To switch between the

LOCAL

and

ALPHA

lists, press Next view.

Note: you can’t add an avoidance point to a route.

3. Move the cursor to select the desired waypoint, then press

ENTER

to add the waypoint to the route.

Removing waypoints from a route

1. Press the cursor pad to move the left-hand pointer directly onto the waypoint you want to remove.

2. Press Remove.

3. Press

ENTER

.

Editing a route using a waypoints list

After you have accessed a route, as described in Editing a route, starting on page 76, you can add or remove waypoints using the waypoints list as follows:


Editing a route

79

Erasing an entire route

To erase a route:

1. On the

ROUTES

screen, press the cursor pad to select the route you want to erase.

2. Press Erase.

3. Press

ENTER

.

Editing a route you’re navigating along

When you follow a route, the route’s waypoints are copied to the navplan for safekeeping. The navplan is displayed on most chart screens and on the

NAVLOG

screen.

If you change a route you’re navigating along, the 6000i stores the changes, but they won’t appear in the navplan you’re following. To activate these changes in your current navigation, you must start following the route again.

If you edit the coordinates of a waypoint directly in the navplan, you’ll receive a warning, as this might result in an unsafe path. You cannot erase a waypoint that is in a route or the navplan; it must be removed from the route first.

Transferring waypoints/routes to other units

Networked 6000i’s automatically share data. This section only applies to transferring data to or from the older Northstar units.

The 6000i’s import/export function lets you transfer all waypoints and routes between a 6000i and a Northstar 941, 951,

952, 957 or 958.

NOTE:

To import or export waypoints and routes to and from older 900-series Northstar units, these older units must contain software version 3.12 or higher. To obtain any necessary upgrades, please see your authorized Northstar dealer.

You can perform the transfer from either unit. The other unit can remain in

normal operation, including the displaying of different screens, as long as you do not edit any of its waypoints or routes during the transfer.

It is preferable to stop navigating on the receiving unit by pressing

STEER

, Navlog, and then Stop.

The unit you operate to perform the transfer is called the “control unit.” The instructions here apply to operating the

80



Northstar 6000i


6000i; if you choose to operate the controls on an older unit to perform the transfer, the instructions may be slightly different.

Be sure to choose the right function for what you want to do: import waypoints and routes from the second unit, or export waypoints and routes to the second unit.

Connecting the two units

The two units must be properly connected with the correct cabling and port settings.

For interfacing information, contact your authorized Northstar dealer. To enable transfers on the 6000i, go to the

PORT

SETUP

screen, change the

AUX PORT

to “D/B

XFER,” and turn the unit off and then on.

The control unit will then display the requested function. You can press any key on the second unit, however, without interrupting the transfer process.

To intentionally stop the transfer at any time, press the

Stop

key. The control unit will display the message “

Transfer aborted by key hit

.” Waypoints and routes transferred up to that point are in the receiving unit (be aware that routes may not contain all of their waypoints due to the transfer interruption). Press the

Start

key again to restart the entire transfer process from the beginning.

1. Choose the unit you’d like to use as the control unit. The instructions below are for a 6000i.

Remember: You can use either of the two units because both units are capable of importing or exporting waypoints and routes. Make sure the second unit is on.

2. At the control unit, press WAYPTS/ROUTES.

Transferring waypoints and routes

When you transfer waypoints, the entire

contents of one unit’s database are moved into the other. They will be added to the waypoints and routes already in the receiving unit. If any exact waypoint or route name matches exist, the waypoints or routes from one unit will overwrite the waypoints or routes already in the other.

NOTE:

If you press any function key on the control unit during the transfer, the message

“

Transfer aborted by key hit”

will be displayed, and the process will be aborted.



81

Waypoints and routes screen

3. Press

Import/Export.

4. Decide whether you want to import waypoints into the control unit, or export them to the second unit.

5. Press

Import or Export to display the

IMPORT

or

EXPORT DATA

screen.

The status bar in the center of the screen displays the message “R start. eady to transfer”

to show that the transfer is ready to

6. Before transferring, you can check the communication link between the two units by pressing

Test comm.

The status bar should display the message “R emote link ok.”

7. To move waypoints and routes in the direction you’ve chosen, press Start.

The status bar displays the message

“T ransferring” and shows the number of waypoints and routes already transmitted against the total number. The progress bar, located below the status bar, graphically displays the percentage completed.

If there’s a problem with the transfer process, the following messages may appear:

If the second unit is not ready, the control unit displays “C ouldn’t get remote waypt/route count” or “Transfer aborted by communication timeout” and the status-bar message “Communication error.

”

Import/Export screen

82



Northstar 6000i

If the sending unit doesn’t have any waypoints and routes, the control unit displays the dialog-box message “N o waypts or routes to transfer”

and the status-bar message “N o transfer done

.”

If the receiving unit is completely full of waypoints and routes with no more room available, the master unit displays the dialog-box message

“Status error [002] database full

.”

8. If the transfer is successful, the control unit’s status bar displays the message

“Transfer complete.”

You can now press any key to resume normal operations.

Transferring waypoints to and from a PC

If you’ve stored many waypoints or routes in the 6000i, or if these waypoints are the only record you have of these important locations, you may want to keep a separate copy on your Personal Computer.

You can transfer waypoints and routes to your PC using Northstar’s loader cable

(part number 1100-LC) and the included

PC software. Using available third-party software, you can copy, edit or plot your waypoints and routes. Most importantly, you can reload them from your PC into your 6000i if they’re accidentally erased or lost due to equipment failure. For transfer software and instructions, and cable ordering information, contact your authorized Northstar dealer.




83

84



Northstar 6000i



Radar

How radar works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Northstar radar models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Turning the radar transmitter on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Displaying radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Using the radar’s main menu keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Overlaying radar on the chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Changing radar scale and rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Setting user preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Using the radar adjustment keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Using the Radar Markers keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

T

his chapter first describes radar briefly, and then explains how to display, control, and adjust the 6000i’s radar..

85

How radar works

The word “radar” is an acronym for “Radio

Detecting and Ranging.” A radio transmitter sends out a very short microwave pulse, and then a receiver listens for that signal’s echo when it’s bounced back from a target in its path. Targets, which may be other boats or ships, navigational markers, flocks of birds, or land masses, are displayed on the 6000i’s screen. By knowing how long it takes for a signal to return, the distance to a target can be determined. As the radar antenna scans through a 360-degree rotation, it shows the target’s location relative to your position.

By watching repeated scans of a target, such as another vessel, you can see how that target is moving.

Northstar radar models

There are two types of radar units from

Northstar. The 4kW, 6kW, 12 kW and

25kW units all are operated in the same way. The new 2kW Northstar radar works slightly differently, and these differences are clearly indicated in this manual. The major differences are:

•

•

•

in the 2kW radar, auto modes do not continuously adjust themselves ranges of manual settings are different between the two types of units the 2kW unit does not have a STC curve adjustment

Turning the radar transmitter on and off

Each time you turn on the Northstar 6000i, the radar transmitter must be turned on separately, as a safety feature.

When you first press the

RADAR

key after turning the system on, the unit displays:

The Radar TX is off.

Do you want to turn it on?

Press

ENTER

to turn it on, or

CLEAR

to access the radar adjustment pages without turning the transmitter on.

86

Reference section 5 — Radar

How radar works

Northstar 6000i

NOTE:

The radar remains in standby mode for a minute and a half after power is applied.

You can also turn the transmitter on or off using the menu keys:

1. Press

RADAR

to display the radar screen.

2. Press

Radar TX so it indicates On or

Off, as desired.

NOTE:

Even though the transmitter has been turned off, the radar is still in standby mode and draws power.

Displaying radar

Note:

It’s important that you do

not

use Demo

Mode when a radar is interfaced to the

Northstar

6000i.

The radar image includes:

•

•

•

•

A north indicator to show the direction of true or magnetic north.

The current radar scale, shown by the numbers in the upper left corner of the radar image. Rng is the distance from the center to the largest range ring, and

RR is the spacing between the range rings.

A dashed white heading line. This line indicates your heading, not

Course-Over-Ground, and can be used to compare the radar presentation with the view in front of the vessel.

A gray course predictor line.

For information about rotating and scaling the radar, see Changing radar scale and

rotation, starting on page 90.

A special demo mode for simulating radar echoes based on the chart information is available. Radar demo mode is activated whenever the chart demo is turned on.

Radar screen



Displaying radar

87

Using the radar’s main menu keys

•

•

•

•

The radar’s main menu keys allow you to:

•

•

overlay the radar image on the chart (if the chart is also displayed) switch control between the radar and chart (if the chart is also displayed) rotate the radar image access the radar markers access the radar adjustment pages show more navigation information on the info bar at the bottom of the screen

Controlling radar

In order to control the radar, the Control key (if present) must indicate Radar.

Control

Radar

If necessary, press the Control key repeatedly until it indicates Radar.

Rotating the radar image

Press Rotate repeatedly to choose the screen rotation.

You can choose north up, course-up, heading-up, or leg-up. For more information, see Changing radar scale and

rotation, on page 90.

Radar screen (split)

Adjusting the radar

Press the Page 2 key to display the first of several

Page 2

(adjustments)

pages of radar adjustments.

For more information about using these keys, see Using the radar adjustment keys, on page 94.

Using the radar markers

Press Radar Markers to display the controls for the

6000i’s electronic bearing

88


Using the radar’s main menu keys

Northstar 6000i

lines (EBLs), variable range markers (VRMs), and guard zones. For more information about using these keys, see Using the

Radar Markers keys, starting on page 98.

Transmitter control

When the radar image is displayed full-screen by pressing the

RADAR

key, a menu key allows you to turn the radar transmitter on or off.

Viewing more info

Press More info to display an “info bar” at the bottom of the screen. Each additional press of More info shows the following information:

•

•

•

•

your vessel’s present

Speed-Over-Ground (SOG),

Course-Over-Ground (COG), and heading your vessel’s distance (dist) and bearing

(brg) to the current waypoint, if any, along with a steering indicator your vessel’s position in lat/lon (or TDs, if enabled) the water depth, water temperature, and Speed Through Water (STW) reading from the sounder (if interfaced)

Overlaying radar on the chart

To overlay radar onto the chart, press

CHART

to switch to the chart screen, then press Overlay to display Radar in the key’s blue box.

Radar can be displayed on the main radar screen, or as an overlay on the chart screen, or as part of a split screen. All radar functions are controlled in the same way, regardless of how radar is displayed. Just press the Control key so that it displays

Control Radar.

Setting radar transparency

When you overlay a radar image on a chart, you can choose whether the radar should be opaque (the chart doesn’t show through) or transparent (the chart shows through faintly):

1. Press

Page 2, then Page 3, Page 4 and

Prefs... .

2. Press

Fade to select Off (no transparency),

Medium, or High (maximum transparency).



Overlaying radar on the chart

89

To remove the radar overlay, press the

Overlay key on the radar’s “Page 1” so that it displays Off.

Changing radar scale and rotation

Changing the scale

To change the radar’s scale, press the

IN

key to zoom in (smaller area, more detail) or the

OUT

key to zoom out (wider area, less detail).

Using zoom on a split screen

If there’s no radar overlay on the chart, the chart and radar are scaled separately.

Zooming in on the chart, for example, has no effect on the radar’s scale. If the Control key indicates Radar, you’re zooming the radar; if it indicates Chart, you’re zooming the chart.

However, if the radar overlay is turned on, the chart and radar scales are locked together. When you zoom in on the chart, radar scale changes to match the chart. the rotation you want; you have the same options as for a

CHART

screen.

The rotation of the chart and the rotation of the radar interact under certain circumstances, as described in the table below. If the Control key indicates Radar, you’re rotating the radar; if it indicates Chart, you’re rotating the chart.

Rotating the radar image

To rotate the radar image, press the

ROTATE

key repeatedly until it indicates

90


Changing radar scale and rotation

Northstar 6000i

If the Chart screen’s in...

Browse mode

Vessel mode

And the radar image is...

Overlaid on the chart Not overlaid

The chart can’t rotate in Browse mode. If you change the key to

Radar

Control

, the chart’s mode automatically switches to vessel mode and rotated as described below).

The chart can’t rotate, but the radar can rotate. Chart and radar can have different rotations.

Chart and radar both rotate together. If you change the rotation of one, the other automatically changes to match.

Chart and radar can both rotate. Chart and radar can have different rotations.

Setting user preferences

Press Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, and the

Prefs... key from the main radar screen to display menu keys for controlling:

•

•

•

•

•

range rings bearings echo colors sweep type fade (transparency)

Range rings

Range rings are concentric circles around your vessel that can be used to measure distance from your vessel. The spacing of the range rings is shown in the upper left-hand corner of the radar image (identified by “

RR

.”

Press Range Rings to turn the range rings on or off.

Bearings

Press Bearings to display the fixed EBL’s bearing digits as relative to:

•

the vessel heading, or



Setting user preferences

91

•

north (either true or magnetic north as selected in the Navigation Setup screen) analog sweep (displays data in a way that simulates the appearance of a traditional radar sweep line).

Echo colors

Press Echo Colors to choose the color scheme that will be used to display radar echoes.

Sweep type

Press Sweep type to choose between digital quadrant update (displays data as it is received from the radar) and

Echo colors

Sweep

Analog

Fade

When you overlay a radar image on a chart, you can choose whether the radar should be opaque (the chart doesn’t show through) or transparent (the chart shows through faintly). Press Fade repeatedly to select Off (opaque), Medium, or High (maximum transparency).

Operating modes

The Northstar radar can be set to any of several operating modes. These modes control the gain and clutter settings. For most situations, one of the automatic modes will provides a good picture, and the radar will normally adjust itself for an excellent image. Range Rider mode can be used to further improve the picture, if necessary. The available modes are listed below:

• Auto 1

and

Auto 2

are for normal, open-water use. The two automatic modes can be optimized for two different conditions.

92


Operating modes

• Harbor

automatically optimizes the radar settings for use in a harbor.

• Range Rider

is a Northstar exclusive feature recommended when manual settings are required. The user can freely make any needed gain and clutter adjustments, and these settings are “remembered” for each range. When the range is selected again, the last-used gain and clutter settings for that range is reapplied.

• Manual

is a fully manual function in which the user usually needs to adjust

Northstar 6000i

Reference Manual Revision D the settings each time the range is changed.

While in Range Rider mode, the Sea State control can be used to adjust the sea clutter for all ranges (see Sea State, starting on page 96).

Automatic modes

This section does not apply to the 2kW radar.

In automatic mode, the unit continuously evaluates its settings and adjusts them as necessary to obtain the best image. Gain and clutter are evaluated separately in various areas of the screen, and the settings are optimized for each area.

Breaking waves often cause stronger clutter echoes on one side of the vessel than on the other, and automatic mode can optimize the image for each area.

Use the automatic settings to adjust the desired appearance of the radar image to your preference. The will radar attempt to maintain this appearance over a variety of conditions by monitoring the signals and making adjustments as conditions change.

You can store two sets of image appearance settings: one called

Auto 1

and one called A

uto 2

. Automatic settings are stored individually for each range.

Fine tuning automatic settings

This section does not apply to the 2kW radar.

The appearance settings should have been adjusted during installation, but you may wish to fine tune them as follows:

To set the appearance of the sea clutter or gain controls for Auto1, Auto2 and Harbor modes:

1. From the main radar page, press

Page 2

.

2. Press

Mode

if necessary until it reads

Auto 1, Auto 2,

or

Harbor

.

3. Set the

Sea clutter

or

Gain

to automatic if necessary by pressing the key so that it reads “Auto.”

4. Use the keypad or cursor pad to enter a new value to change the appearance.

5. If necessary, continue adjusting the image until it looks the way you want it.

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each range setting

Manual settings

Even if the mode is set to automatic, any gain or clutter setting can be overridden and set to manual. Each adjustment key is labeled Manual or Auto. Simply press each key to change its mode.


Operating modes

93

Manual settings directly control Rain

Clutter, Sea Clutter and Gain. They may be applied in either of two ways, depending on the setting of the Mode control on this screen.

•

•

Mode = Manual: settings are applied directly as entered

Mode = Range Rider: settings are saved separately for each range, and the last-used settings for each range are reapplied when that range is selected.

To set the appearance of the sea clutter or gain controls in manual mode:

1. From the main radar page, press

Page 2

.

2. Press

Mode

if necessary until it reads

Range Rider

or

Manual

.

3. Use the keypad or cursor pad to enter a new value to change the appearance.

4. If necessary, continue adjusting the image until it looks the way you want it.

The modes of rain clutter and sea clutter are always locked together: if the user sets one to manual, the other automatically switches to manual, and vice-versa.

More information on using these settings is given Radar adjustments on Page 2, starting on page 95.

Using the radar adjustment keys

Press Page 2 to display the first of several pages of radar

Page 2

(adjustments)

adjustments. Most of these adjustments correspond to conventional radar adjustments and are used in the same way. All settings are retained while the system is turned off.

Using the keys

Settings that have only a very few values are adjusted by repeatedly pressing the menu key to cycle through the available choices.

94



Settings with a large adjustment range are entered with the keypad or cursor pad. The menu key for these adjustments must be activated by pressing once, changing the key from blue to red. (Any key that is red is active and will respond immediately. A blue key must first be pressed to activate it.)

To make an adjustment to the radar (such as rain clutter, or gain, etc.), use the following procedure:

1. Press the key (such as

Gain) to activate it

(the key changes from blue to red).

Northstar 6000i


2. If a numerical value appears, you can change it by:

•

pressing the cursor pad up and down (changes affect the display immediately after the cursor pad is released), or

•

•

using the numeric keys on the keypad to enter the value, or in some cases, pressing the menu key again

Radar adjustments on Page 2

Press the keys to adjust the mode, rain clutter, sea clutter, or gain.

Mode

Auto 1

Press the Mode key to select the operating mode as described on page 92.

Rain Clutter controls the strength of the clutter echoes returned from rainfall or snow. Higher values suppress more clutter. Rain Clutter can be set to automatic or manual mode.

Press the activated

Rain clutter

key to switch modes. The rain clutter setting can be entered on the keypad or by using the cursor pad. Manual settings range from 0 to 99 (0 to 8 on the 2kW unit). Higher settings suppress more rain echoes.

Sea Clutter controls the strength of the clutter echoes returned from the ocean surface. Higher values suppress more clutter. Sea Clutter can be set to automatic or manual mode.

Press the activated

Sea clutter

key to switch modes. The sea clutter setting can be entered on the keypad or by using the cursor pad. Manual settings range from 0 to 214 (0 to 255 on the 2kW unit). Automatic settings range from 0 to 50 (0 to 255

on the 2kW unit) and are unrelated to the manual setting numbers.

Gain controls the strength of all echoes, and should be adjusted for a pleasing and useful image. Higher values display brighter echoes. Gain can be set to automatic or manual mode. Press the activated

Gain

key to switch modes. The gain setting can be entered on the keypad or by using the cursor pad. Manual settings range from 0 to 299. Automatic settings range from 0 to 50 and are unrelated to the manual setting numbers. (Settings for

the 2kW unit range from 0 to 255). Manual gain adjustments will be different for each range scale. Longer ranges generally require more gain.

If speckling appears on the screen, you may wish to decrease the gain a bit or increase the sea clutter setting.



95


Press the following keys to adjust the radar transmitter, the transparency (fade) of the radar overlay on a chart, the radar trails, and the visibility of echoes.

Sea State

The Sea State control is available only when the Mode control is set to Range

Rider.

Sea State adjusts sea clutter for all ranges up or down slightly to correspond with the expected echoes from whitecaps and breaking waves. The normal or “0” setting applies no changes, and is used when the sea state is the same as when the gain and clutter settings were entered. Positive numbers can be used when the sea is rougher, and negative numbers when the sea state is calmer.

To set the Sea State:

1. From the main radar screen, press

Page 2

and

Page 3

.

2. Press

Sea State

.

3. Use the cursor pad to enter a new number.

Press

Done

to go back to the main radar screen.

Interference rejection

Certain types of interference (for example, from radars on other vessels) can be lessened by using the interference rejection filter. Press Interfer-

ence Rejection repeatedly to select Off, 1

(low), 2 (medium), or 3 (high).

Trails

Trails on the radar image help you track the motion of moving targets. Press

Trails repeatedly to select how often trail points are recorded: every

15 seconds, 30 seconds, every minute, 3 minutes, 6 minutes, always (points are recorded continuously), or off (points are not recorded).

If trails are left on continuously, the recorded points may eventually fill up a large part of the screen. Zooming in or out will erase all recorded trail points.

Expand

Press Expand to turn echo expansion off or on. Select

On to make small echoes appear larger and easier to see.

96



Northstar 6000i



Press Radar TX to turn the radar transmitter On or Off.

The radar transmitter is automatically turned off every time you shut down the 6000i.

Turning the transmitter off when it is not in use saves electrical power and allows you to work safely in the vicinity of the rotating antenna.

Prefs...

Press to display the user preferences menu keys (see Setting user preferences, on page

91).

Install...

Press to display the installation settings menu keys. These keys are described in the

Northstar radar installation manual (P/N

GMKRadIM) and settings should not be changed unless their functions are fully understood.

Restore...

Press to display the restore menu keys (see

Restore factory settings, on page 97).

Installation settings

These keys are described in the Northstar radar installation manual, P/N GMKRadIM

(GMKRad2KIM for the 2kW unit), and settings should not be changed unless their functions are fully understood.

Tuning page

These keys are described in the Northstar radar installation manual, P/N GMKRadIM

(GMKRad2KIM for the 2kW unit), and settings should not be changed unless their functions are fully understood.

Restore factory settings

The Restore functions can be used to set many adjustments back to their factory-set values. Press the Restore... key to access these keys.

Restore Auto, Restore Harbor, Restore

Range Rider and Restore Manual each set the Clutter and Gain adjustments back to the factory settings for the specified operating modes.

Restore Factory Settings sets the following values:



97

mode: Auto 1 rain clutter, sea clutter and gain are set to useful values for each range interference rejection: Off trails: Off expansion: Off range rings on/off: On bearings: True/mag echo colors: The first set (green) sweep: Analog fade: Off

STC curve: 4 (not present on 2kW model) tune mode: Auto tune preset: 79 (not on 2kW model)

Using the Radar Markers keys

Press Radar Markers to display controls for the

6000i’s electronic bearing lines (EBLs), variable range

EBL / VRM

Floating

markers (VRMs), and guard zones. The two upper menu

Guard Zone

keys select whether you control the EBL/VRMs or the Guard Zones for adjustments. When finished, press

Done to return to the main radar menu keys. All settings are retained while the system is turned off.

Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs)

Electronic bearing lines (EBLs) are markers that you can place on top of the radar image to aid in navigation and to keep track of your surroundings. The 6000i uses two types of EBLs: fixed and floating.

The fixed EBL is a blue line from your present position (Point “A”) to Point “B.”

Point B

Variable

Range

Marker

B

Variable

Range

Marker

A

Point A

B

A

Electronic Bearing Line

Your Vessel

Figure 5: Fixed EBL

You can move Point B to a point of interest using the cursor pad. At the end of the line, a blue circle called a variable range marker

(VRM B) surrounds Point B. Another VRM circle (called VRM A) surrounds your vessel’s position.

You can change the size of each VRM to measure distances from Point A or Point B to any point of interest on the screen.

98



Northstar 6000i


Variable

Range

Marker

C

Point C

Point D

D

Variable

Range

Marker

D

C

Electronic Bearing Line

Your Vessel

Figure 6: Floating EBL

The floating EBL is a pink line connecting

Point C and Point D. It’s similar to the fixed

EBL, except that both points can be moved, to allow measuring distances between any two points on the screen. Again, there’s a variable range marker at each end of the line.

The following information about the EBLs and VRMs appears on your screen:

•

•

In the upper right-hand corner, you’ll see:

>

The coordinates of Point A, B, C or D

(whichever point you selected)

>

The ETE and ETA to the selected point

In the bottom right-hand corner, you’ll see the radius of the VRM(s). These numbers are color coded blue for the fixed EBL and pink for the floating EBL.

•

In the bottom left-hand corner, you’ll see the length of the electronic bearing line(s). These numbers are also color coded blue for the fixed EBL and pink for the floating EBL.

Press the following keys to adjust the electronic bearing lines.

Press EBL to select either the fixed or the floating EBL.

The selected EBL can be adjusted with the following two controls:

Press Visibility to show or hide the EBL selected above.

When an EBL is hidden, its

Edit key is also unavailable.

Press Edit repeatedly to select what part of the EBL is controlled by the cursor pad:

For the fixed EBL, select:

•

Point B — to move the point at the far end of the fixed EBL

•

VRM A — to control the size of the VRM circle at the vessel

•

VRM B — to control the size of the VRM circle at point B

For the floating EBL, select:

•

Point C— to move the point at one end of the EBL

•

Point D — to move the point at the other end of the EBL



99

•

VRM C — to control the size of the VRM circle at point C

•

VRM D — to control the size of the VRM circle at point D

Shortcut for moving the fixed EBL

On page 1 of the radar screen, you can use the cursor pad to change the position of the fixed EBL and read the measurements displayed.

You can turn each zone on or off, change its boundaries, and set the echo strength that will cause an alarm.

Guard Zone

Point A

Point B

Guard zones

Press the Guard Zone menu key to control this feature.

You can designate up to three guard zones that the

6000i monitors for radar echoes. Any echoes inside a

EBL / VRM

guard zone and as strong as or stronger than the desig-

Guard Zone

Zone 1

nated trigger level are displayed in red and cause an alarm. Each zone is bounded by red lines — an inner and an outer arc centered on the vessel, and two straight lines extending outward from the vessel as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Guard zone

Press the following keys to adjust each guard zone.

Press Guard Zone repeatedly to select zone 1, 2, or 3 for adjustment.

Guard Zone

Zone 2

Press Visibility to show or hide the zone selected above.

When a zone is hidden, it doesn’t alarm and its Edit and Trigger Level keys aren’t available.

You can set the boundary and size of each guard zone by moving Point A and Point

B. Press Edit to select Point A or Point B. Then press the

CURSOR PAD

to move the selected point and create an arc-shaped zone.

100



Northstar 6000i


As you change Point A or B, the coordinates of that point are updated in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

Press Trigger Level repeatedly to set the signal strength that causes an alarm: low, medium, high, or off (no alarm).

The alarm is temporarily turned off while you are displaying the radar markers menu keys. It automatically turns back on after a minute passes with no further adjustments, or when you press Done.



101

102



Northstar 6000i



Echo sounding

Welcome to the Northstar 490 Echo Sounder . . . . . . . . . 104

Displaying the echo sounder’s picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Using automatic mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Changing the frequency of echoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Zooming in and out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Echo Sounder setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

The picture menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Changing the depth settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Using the MORE key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Viewing past echoes using SoundTrac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Echo sounding alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

T

he Northstar 490 Echo Sounder connects with a Northstar navigator and a transducer to add echo sounding capability to the Northstar 6000i. See the Northstar 490

Installation Manual (part number GM491) or the Airmar website (www.airmar.com) for recommended transducers.

103

Welcome to the Northstar 490 Echo Sounder

CAUTION!

Proper installation and configuration of your Northstar 490 is of utmost importance for accurate and effective performance under a variety of conditions. To get the best performance from your

490, Northstar strongly recommends installation and set-up be performed by a qualified marine technician. For installation procedures, see the Northstar 490 Echo Sounder Installation

Manual (Part Number GM491).

sounder screen. The echo sounding system lets you see a real-time cross section of what’s happening underneath your vessel.

The model 490-S is a 600-watt single channel echo sounder designed to be used with a transducer having a single ceramic element capable of 50 and 200 kHz.

The model 490-D is a 1000-watt dual channel echo sounder designed to be used with a transducer having dual ceramic elements, one each for 50 and 200 kHz.

The 490 module automatically turns on and off as the 6000i is turned on and off.

How echo sounding works

An echo sounder produces high-voltage electrical pulses that the transducer converts into sound waves (called “pings”).

When a sound wave hits and reflects off an object, such as fish, debris, seaweed, or the seabed, the reflected sound wave (an

“echo”) returns back to the transducer along an imaginary vertical line called a

“water column.” The transducer converts this echo into a tiny electrical pulse. The

490 digitizes these pulses and sends them to the navigator, so that echo sounding pictures of the water and seabed can be displayed and analyzed on the echo

Setting up the 490

Your 490 should be installed by a qualified marine technician. Your satisfaction with the system’s performance will be greatly influenced by the practical knowledge and experience of the installer. Unlike GPS or other marine electronics systems, echo sounder installation is as much an art as it is a science.

The installation procedure includes setting the 6000i’s AUX port to the 490 option, and then setting the following options:

•

•

the transducer’s depth the speed and temperature

104

Reference section 6 — Echo sounding


Northstar 6000i


•

•

•

the calibration for the speed sensor the calibration for the temperature sensor the gain calibration for the transducer

You may wish to change the following options from time to time to match your personal preferences:

•

•

•

•

depth units (feet, meters, or fathoms) on the screen temperature units (Celsius or

Fahrenheit) on the screen temperature scale (lowest and highest) on the screen automatic saving of *fish##* or

*therm##* waypoints when the 490 detects the presence of fish or a certain water temperature that you’ve set



105

SOUNDER

SOUNDER key

ECHO

SCREEN

Auto

Picture

Frequency

Zoom

Depth

More

106



More settings

Alarms

Advance Speed

A-Scope

Data

Return

Depth settings

Shift

Range

Bottom box

Return

Picture settings

Gain

Clutter

Noise Limiter

Hue

Signal level

Return

Data on-screen

Temp box

Temp graph

Bottom box

Speed

Alarm settings

Fish alarm

Bottom alarm

Temp alarm

Return Return

Figure 8: Echo sounder menu structure

Northstar 6000i

Displaying the echo sounder’s picture

To see the echo sounding screen at any time, press

SOUNDER

. You’ll see live echoes moving across the screen.

Depth marker and indicator

Water temperature box

Color bar

Water temperature scale

Echo data Depth Scale

Depth box

Frequency selection and indicator


Navigation information

Lat/lon of vessel

Dist/brg to waypoint

You can also review old echoes using

Northstar’s exclusive SoundTrac

™

feature.

Steering indicator Speed, course, and speed through the water

Figure 9: Illustrated

SOUNDER

screen

For details, see Viewing past echoes using

SoundTrac, on page 127.



107

Depth marker and indicator

Water temperature box

Color bar

Water temperature scale

Depth box

Echo data Depth Scale

Position marker and indicator

Lat/lon of position marker

Dist/brg to position marker

Steering indicator Speed, course, and speed through the water

The

SAVE and MOB functions always

work normally. Moreover, whenever you press either of these keys, the corresponding

*SAVE##*

or

*MOB##*

waypoints will be displayed automatically on the echo sounder’s picture, as well as on the chart

screen.

Figure 11: Illustrated

Soundtrac

screen

Using demo mode

The echo sounder can be operated in

“demo mode” for training and familiarization. Simulated echo data generated by the

490 will be displayed.

To enter demo mode:

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Northstar 6000i

1. Press the

STAR

key to display the


screen, and then press

Sounder Options.

2. Press the cursor pad down to select

Demo mode, then press

Edit.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to highlight “On,” then press

Enter.

While in demo mode, the word “Demo” appears in the upper-right corner of the

SOUNDER screen.

To leave demo mode, repeat this procedure, selecting “Off” instead of “On.”

Using automatic mode

To operate the echo sounder automatically, just press Auto. All of the 490’s adjustments will be set to produce a useful picture under most conditions. When you’re too busy to optimize the settings manually, the echo sounder can automatically set the optimal gain, clutter, and range settings, to show an excellent picture from the surface to the bottom.

When you select Auto, the range setting may change from time to time to keep the seabed in view as the water depth changes.

It is recommended that the 490 be operated automatically whenever possible.

The 490 can reliably detect the seabed depth only when it controls the gain and clutter settings.

Cruising or fishing

Automatic mode has two variations:

autocruising and autofishing.

•

•

autocruising optimizes the gain and clutter for tracking the bottom, with less emphasis on any fish in the water autofishing optimizes the gain and clutter for searching for fish

Press Auto to switch between autocruising and autofishing. The setting is shown by the colored tab below the menu key.

The status tabs

Colored status tabs just below the Auto and Picture keys are green when the echo sounder is operating fully automatically.

They turn yellow to show one or more settings has been set manually.



Using automatic mode

109

Manually overriding automatic mode

You can always manually change any of the echo sounder’s settings: the gain, clutter, noise limiter, shift, and range.

(Manually setting the gain causes the range to be controlled manually.)

Changing the appearance of the picture

(colors, gain, clutter, and the noise limiter) is described in The picture menu, starting on page 117.

Setting the range and shift is described in

Changing the depth settings, starting on page 121.

Changing the frequency of echoes

The 490 uses two transducer frequencies:

50 kHz and 200 kHz. The advantages and disadvantages of each frequency are shown below.

Table 3: 50 kHz vs. 200 kHz

50 kHz

Longer wavelength goes deeper, but with somewhat lower resolution.

Less resolution is better at finding big fish, but may miss the bait fish.

Wider beam is good for seeing fish not directly beneath the boat.

200 kHz

Shorter wavelength provides a sharper picture, but can’t go as deep.

Finer resolution is better at finding small fish (baitfish) and subtle bottom details.

Narrower beam is very focused. Reduces the influence of a rough sea.

•

•

•

200 kHz displayed on a full screen

50 kHz on the left half of the screen, and 200 on the right

200 kHz on the left half of the screen, and 50 on the right

There are two reasons why you might want to operate with your preferred frequency on the right side of the screen:

•

•

the zoom function magnifies the frequency on the right side when adjusting the picture, you can see the effect of changes on the right side

You can choose from four settings for the transducer frequency:

•

50 kHz displayed on a full screen

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Northstar 6000i

50 kHz echoes 200 kHz echoes

Adjusts the frequency of the data displayed

(currently showing dual frequency on a split screen, with 50 kHz to the left and 200 kHz to the right)


Echo screen with both frequencies displayed

To choose the transducer frequency, press

Frequency until the desired combination is shown.

When you change the frequency, echoes already on the screen don’t change, they just move off the screen as they are replaced by echoes at the new frequency.

A dual-frequency screen is split into two halves separated by a gray vertical line in the center.

When using the zoom feature (which also splits the screen into halves), both sides of the screen always display the same frequency.



111


The echo sounder’s zoom feature expands a portion of the echoes. You can examine closely any part of the water column to determine the composition of the bottom or look at the echoes of fish, rocks, or wrecks. When fishing, the zoom function is useful for showing a detailed view of any echoes below the vessel.

Choosing a zoom mode

Press the Zoom menu key on the

ECHO

screen to select one of the four zoom modes (or turn the zoom feature off):

•

•

•

•

bottom zoom bottom lock bottom lock/center marker zoom

The current zoom mode is displayed below the Zoom key.

The original unzoomed echoes are on the right side, and the magnified area is shown on the left side of the screen.

the top edge of the marker. Press

OUT

to zoom out and increase the amount of water seen.

Six depth ranges are available for the magnified echoes: 15’, 30’, 60’, 120’, 240’ and 480’. Similar scales are available for the other depth units.

When zoom is in use, only a single frequency is displayed. Unzoomed echoes are on the right, and the same frequency is shown magnified on the left.

You cannot zoom out to a scale that shows more water than the original picture. For example, if the original picture is set to a scale of 50 feet, the only zoom scales available will be 15 feet and 30 feet.

Choosing the zoom scale

Press

IN

to zoom in and increase the magnification of the echoes you see below

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Northstar 6000i


Bottom zoom

When you select bottom zoom, the contour of the bottom is magnified, clearly displaying canyon edges and echoes near the seabed. The 490 automatically locates the seabed and displays it on the lower left side of the screen (normal echoes are displayed on the right side).

If the seabed moves out of the lower half of the screen (for example, if you travel into deeper water), the 490 automatically repositions the bottom back into the lower half. You’ll see the zoomed image jump up or down from time to time, as the 490 keeps the seabed displayed on the screen.

Bottom lock zoom

Bottom lock zoom is similar to bottom zoom, except the magnified sea bottom is flattened out and displayed on the left side of the screen at the lower edge. You can see any fish that are swimming near the bottom.

Bottom lock zoom

Bottom lock/center zoom



113


When you select bottom lock/center zoom, the flattened-out sea bottom is displayed in the center of the screen. You can see any fish near the bottom — as with the bottom lock zoom — and also examine the seabed’s composition.

Marker zoom

When you select marker zoom, you can choose the part of the water column to magnify. The top edge of the magnified area is determined by the location of the depth marker. To move the depth marker, press the cursor pad up or down.


Marker zoom

Leaving zoom mode

To return to the normal unzoomed display, just press Zoom repeatedly until you have cycled through all the zoom modes.

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Northstar 6000i

Echo Sounder setup

Several setup functions are available to configure the echo sounder.

CAUTION:

Be careful not to change any of the functions that are not described here unless you first read about them and understand their functions in the Northstar 490 Installation Manual.

Transducer depth

This option specifies how far below the surface of the water the transducer is mounted. The number is added to all depths measured by the 490 so they will refer to depth from the surface, not from the transducer. This value should have been set correctly during installation and should not be changed.

Accessing the setup screen

To display the echo sounder setup screen, press the

STAR

key to display the


screen, and then press

Sounder Options.

Depth units

You can change the depth units to feet, meters, or fathoms:

1. Press the

cursor pad

up or down to highlight the Depth Units option.

2. Press

Edit.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to display the desired units.

4. Press

ENTER

.

The temperature graph’s units and scale

You can change the highest and lowest water temperatures that will be displayed on the temperature graph:

Echo Sounder Setup screen




115

1. Press the cursor pad up or down to highlight the temperature scale option.

2. Press

Edit.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to highlight °C or °F, as desired, then press

ENTER

.

4. To change the endpoints of the scale, press the cursor pad to the right.

5. Enter two digits for the lower temperature limit using the keypad.

6. Enter two digits for the upper limit.

7. Press

ENTER

.

Speed and temperature sensor setup

These functions are set during installation and should not be changed unless they are known to need adjustment.

From the

ECHO SOUNDER SETUP

screen, press Speed/Temp to access the

SENSOR

SETUP

screen.

Transducer calibrations

These functions are set during installation and should not be changed unless they are known to need adjustment.

The 50 kHz and 200kHz calibrations are used to equalize the signal strengths of the two frequencies.

Demo mode

To activate Demo mode, see Using demo

mode, on page 108.


To simplify operation, the “sensor installed” options can be set to “No” to remove all references to temperature and speed from all the screens.

Highlight the appropriate line and press

Edit to change the option.

Speed calibration is entered as a percentage from –99% to +99% to make the speed

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Northstar 6000i

read lower or higher than the uncalibrated value.

NOTE:

You must enable the speed setting under the Data menu on the ECHO SOUNDER screen.

Temperature is calibrated by entering the temperature error as a number of degrees from –99 to +99. This offset is added to the uncalibrated temperature before it is displayed or graphed.

The picture menu

You can adjust the appearance of echoes in five different ways:

•

•

•

•

•

gain (for high intensity echoes) clutter (for low intensity echoes) noise limiter (for interference) hue (to choose colors and white level) signal level (to remove weak echoes)

Gain and clutter changes are applied only to new echoes as they appear on the right side of the screen—earlier echoes are not affected.

NOTE:

When you override the gain’s automatic settings, the tabs on the

Picture

key and

Auto

key change from green to yellow, indicating the system is no longer in automatic mode. When you turn the noise limiter on, only the

Picture

key tab changes from green to yellow. Changing the hue or adjusting the signal level has no effect on the operating mode (the tabs remain green).

Adjusting the gain (strong echoes)

The gain setting selects the echo strengths that will be displayed using the topmost color in the color bar at the left edge of the screen (the strongest echoes). Any echoes stronger than this selection will use the same color and no detail can be distinguished. The gain is usually set so that strong seabed echoes are displayed in brown, the strongest level.

The gain can be also be set automatically by pressing Auto. This provides an excellent picture under most conditions, and allows the 490 to reliably detect the seabed depth.

Gain is normally adjusted together with

clutter, as described on the next page.

To adjust the gain:




117

1. Press

Picture.

2. Press

Gain.

3. Press the cursor pad left or right to adjust the gain, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired gain value. The available settings range from zero (minimum) to 75

(maximum).

When you adjust the gain, the color of the

Auto

and

Picture

key tabs changes from green to yellow, since the echo sounder is no longer in automatic mode.

Also, a yellow tab appears under the

Depth

key, indicating that the range setting is no longer automatically controlled and that the 490 may not always identify the bottom reliably.

Gain window

The window shows the effect of adjusting the gain. The fish symbols near the bottom of the window represent various echo strengths, and the expanding and contracting color bar above shows the colors that will be used to display echoes of these strengths. As you adjust the gain to obtain the best looking picture, also watch the real echoes on the right side of the screen.

4. Press

Return to go back to the

SOUNDER

screen.

Adjusting the clutter (weak echoes)

The clutter setting selects the echo strength that will be displayed using the bottom colors of the color bar (the weaker echoes).

Any echoes weaker than this selection are displayed. If you select a clutter value of 5, for example, all weak and moderate echoes are suppressed. You might choose this setting to eliminate high levels of background noise and echoes from turbulence or plankton. A setting of 0 allows all echoes to be displayed.

To adjust the clutter:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press Picture.

2. Press

Clutter.

3. Press the cursor pad left or right to adjust the clutter, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired clutter value. The available settings range from zero (shows all echoes) to nine (suppresses many echoes).

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Northstar 6000i


Clutter window

4. Press Return to go back to the

SOUNDER

screen.

When you adjust the clutter, the color of the

Auto

and

Picture

key tabs changes from green to yellow, since the echo sounder is no longer in fully automatic mode.

To adjust the signal level:

1. On the

SOUNDER

screen, press

Picture.

2. Press

Signal level.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to remove the weaker color levels from the picture, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired signal level.

The available settings range from 1 (minimum) to

5

(maximum). For example, if you select a signal level of strengths of

0

through

3

3

, echo

are all displayed using the same color as the background.

4. Press


SOUNDER

screen.

Adjusting the signal level (weak echoes)

As with the Clutter key, the Signal level key controls the appearance of low level noise in the picture. Whereas clutter compresses or expands the available colors to fit the desired signal range, Signal Level completely removes the weaker colors and their echoes.

Suppressing interference (the noise limiter)

The noise limiter reduces the adverse effects of interference caused by other nearby echo sounders or electronic devices. However, the noise limiter may cause some very weak echoes to be made smaller or be entirely eliminated, since it removes any echoes that aren’t sustained for at least two pings.

To turn on the noise limiter:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press

Picture.

2. Press Noise limiter.



119

3. Press the cursor pad up to turn the noise limiter on (or press

Noise limiter again).

4. Press the

Return key to go back to the

SOUNDER

screen.

Turning the noise limiter on changes a portion of the

Picture

key tab from green to yellow, as a reminder.

Selecting the color bar (hue)

To select the color bar:

1. On the

SOUNDER

screen, press

Picture.

2. Press

Hue.

3. Press the cursor pad left or right to select the color bar desired, or use the keypad to manually enter the number of the color bar. The selected color bar is outlined with a flashing rectangle

Selecting the color bar (hue) and white level

The color bar displayed at the extreme left of the

ECHO

screen shows the range of colors used to display various echo strengths. Weaker echoes are displayed with colors near the bottom of the scale, and stronger echoes are displayed with colors near the top.

You can choose any one of nine palettes of colors to represent the echo strengths from weakest to strongest.

•

•

•

•

Color bar #1 is the one most often used.

Color bar #2 is similar but with fewer colors, to aid visibility under some conditions.

Color bars # 3-8 are additional variations with different background colors.

Color bar #9 uses a monochrome scale, ranging from dark to bright.

Hue and white level window

4. Press Return to go back to the

SOUNDER

screen.

Setting the white level

You can replace any single color in the color bar with white. On the

HUE AND WHITE

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Northstar 6000i

LEVEL

window, press the cursor pad up or down to select that color.

To remove the white level and return to using all the colors on the color bar, press the cursor pad down until the white level moves off the color bar.

Changing the depth settings

You can adjust the shallowest and deepest echoes to be shown on the

ECHO

screen. In automatic mode, the echo sounder sets these values based on its current environment. However, you can manually override these auto values for your specific needs at any time. There are two depth settings:

•

•

shift (how far below the surface the echo sounder picture starts) range (the depth covered by the echo sounder picture from the top of the screen to the bottom of the screen)

Shift

Range

The shift and range settings are controlled by a screen that graphically shows the exact effect of your settings.

A sliding vertical bar shows the portion of the water that the echo sounder displays on the screen, based on the shift and range settings.

In the large rectangle on the right, the blue area at the top (with waves) represents the surface of the water, and the brown area below represents the seabed.

The number at the bottom is the depth of the picture, and the seabed depth is also labelled.

The smaller rectangle inside the larger one represents the echo sounder’s picture. As you move the shift and range settings, this rectangle adjusts to show what you will see on the echo screen.

Adjusting the shift or range changes the

Auto

and

Depth

status tabs from green to yellow, since the echo sounder is no longer in fully automatic mode.

Setting the picture’s shift (starting depth)

The shift setting adjusts the depth of the top edge of echoes pictured on the

SOUNDER

screen. You can “shift” the entire picture up and down to start at the surface of the water, 20 feet down, or any other depth you choose.

To set the shift value:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press

Depth.




121

4. Press


SOUNDER

screen.

Shift window

2. Press

Shift.

The

SET SHIFT

window shows a picture of the current shift settings (and range). The large white number in the black box shows the current shift value. A horizontal black arrow points to the value that the shift window adjusts: the depth at which the echo sounder picture starts, relative to the surface of the water.

Setting the picture’s range

The range setting adjusts the overall depth covered by the echo sounder picture, from the top of its display to the bottom. The range can be set automatically (by pressing

Auto), or manually on the

SET RANGE

window.

To set the range:

1. Press

Depth.

2. Press Range.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to shift the starting depth, or use the keypad to enter the digits of the desired depth. If you type the number on the keypad, wait a moment for the system to enter the number.

Range window

122



Northstar 6000i

The vertical black arrow in the

SET

RANGE window indicates the values that this window adjusts: the range of the echo sounder picture.

The white number in the black box indicates the current range setting.

3. Press the cursor pad up or down to adjust the range, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired range.

4. Press


SOUNDER

screen.

Viewing the seabed depth

The seabed depth (the “bottom”) is displayed numerically in a black box at the left edge of the echo screen.

You can change the size and location of the depth box:

1. Press

Depth.

2. To cycle through the size choices, repeatedly press

Bottom box. To move the box up and down, press the cursor pad.

3. Press


SOUNDER

screen.

The depth box can also be adjusted by pressing

More

, then pressing

Data

.

You cannot change the size of the depth box on the SoundTrac screen.

Using the depth marker

You can use the depth marker to accurately measure the depth of an echo. To display the depth marker—a dashed horizontal line—and move this marker up or down, press the cursor pad down on the main echo screen. Attached to the depth marker line is a small black box which displays the marker’s exact depth.

The depth marker also affects the Marker

Zoom display (see Marker zoom, on page

114).

Using the MORE key

Pressing the

MORE

key accesses the following functions:

•

alarms (described in Chapter 7)


•

•

advance speed

A-scope



123

•

data (numeric and graphic information on the

SOUNDER

screen)

When the menu function is in use, the

SOUNDER

screen only moves twice per second, giving the picture a less-smooth appearance. Press Return to go back to the main screen for a normal, smooth appearance.

Changing the advance speed

Advance speed refers to the speed at which the vertical scan lines move from right to left across the

SOUNDER

screen. There are five advance speeds (plus the Stop setting, which freezes the advance of all data):

•

•

•

•

•

2/1 - two identical lines of data are displayed for every ping

1/1 - one line of data is displayed for every ping

1/2 - one line of data is displayed for every two pings

1/4 - one line of data is displayed for every four pings

1/8 - one line of data is displayed for every eight pings

For speeds 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8, each displayed line of data is the average of 2, 4, or 8 pings, respectively.

To set the advance speed:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press

More, then press

Advance spd.

2. Keep pressing Advance spd to select the desired advance speed.

3. Press


SOUNDER

screen.

Displaying the A-scope

The echo sounder’s A-scope lets you look closely at present or past echoes by horizontally magnifying the echo from each ping.

To display the A-scope:

1. Press More.

2. Press

A-scope to turn the A-Scope on or off.

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Northstar 6000i

A-scope

The A-scope appears on the far right-hand side of the screen, magnifying one water column.

The A-scope with dual frequencies

If you’re displaying both 50 and 200 kHz echoes, the A-scope magnifies echoes from the frequency shown on the right side of the screen.

The A-scope with zoom mode

If you’re in zoom mode, the A-scope magnifies the unzoomed echoes on the right side of the screen.

The A-Scope with SoundTrac

If you have pressed the cursor pad to the left to show the position marker, the

A-Scope magnifies the water column at the position marker location.

Setting the ECHO screen data

Numeric and graphic information can be displayed on top of the echoes, including bottom depth, water temperature, and speed through the water (STW).

To access these functions, press More, and then Data.

Note that the temperature and speed menu keys don’t appear if the sensors are not configured.




125

Temperature box

Press the Temp box key to set the size and location of the box displaying the water temperature (white numbers on a black background).

Press this key again to cycle through the available sizes: off, small, medium, large, and huge.

Press the cursor pad up and down to set the position of the box along the left edge of the screen.

Echo screen data selections

Bottom depth box

Press

BOTTOM BOX

to set the size and location of the box displaying the bottom depth (white numbers on a black background).

Press this key again to cycle through the available sizes: small, medium, large, and huge.

Press the cursor pad up and down to set the position of the box along the left edge of the screen.

Temperature graph

Press Temp graph to turn the temperature graph on or off.

The temperature graph displays an orange temperature scale at the left of the screen, and an orange line tracing out the varying water temperature measurements, superimposed on the echoes.

Speed through the water

Press Speed to turn the Speed Through the Water display on or off. STW is displayed on the bottom right corner of the screen.

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Northstar 6000i

t tes ndthe nce

Viewing past echoes using SoundTrac

On the

SOUNDTRAC

screen, you can use

Northstar’s exclusive SoundTrac feature to look back and examine past echo data.

To enable SoundTrac:

1. At the main

SOUNDER

screen, press the cursor pad to the left.

The position marker — a dashed vertical line — is now displayed.

2. To move back to echoes that were displayed within the past few minutes, continue pressing and holding the cursor pad to the left.

The 6000i recalls echoes from the last

3000 pings.

As you move the position marker with the cursor pad, the marker speed accelerates to quickly scroll to the desired location.

SoundTrac screen

The lat/lon of the position marker is displayed at the bottom of the picture, along with the time elapsed since the ping, and the distance and bearing from your present position to the marker (assuming the navigator is providing position data).

As you move the position marker left and right, these coordinates change accordingly.

NOTE:

When you use the position marker on a split screen (showing either two frequencies, or zoom mode), each half of the



Viewing past echoes using SoundTrac

127

screen has a position marker. Both markers designate the same physical location.

The number of minutes of past echo data available depends on two factors:

•

•

the depth of the water the advance speed

In deeper water, the 490 pings at a slower rate, so the echo sounder saves data over a longer period of time. A slower advance speed will have the same effect.

Echo sounding alarms

The echo sounder’s alarms work just like all other alarms: they are displayed as a flashing alarm icon on the screen, with details shown on the

ALARM

screen accessed with the

STAR

key. (See Alarms, starting on page 138.)

To alert you automatically in situations related to echo sounding, you can set three types of alarms:

•

•

•

fish alarm seabed bottom alarm temperature alarm

Setting the fish alarm

When the fish alarm is on, an alarm sounds if an echo returns from either inside or outside specific upper and lower limits you’ve set.

You can selectively limit the size of the fish you want to be notified about by adjusting the alarm’s echo strength level. Using this feature, you’ll only be alerted to the presence of fish that meet your minimum size requirements.

You may further narrow your fish alarms to notify you of the presence of fish within

(or outside) a certain depth range. Only those fish that are detected inside (or outside) of that range will trigger the alarm.

When fish are detected, the alert tone sounds and the flashing

FISH

alarm icon is displayed. This message clears automatically after 20 seconds and the alarm is rearmed.

To access the fish alarm settings:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press

More.

2. Press

Alarm.

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Northstar 6000i


3. Press

Fish alarm.

Fish alarm window

Setting the alarm’s echo strength level

To set the fish alarm’s minimum echo-strength level:

1. At the

FISH ALARM

window, press

Set

alarm level.

2. Press the cursor pad up or down to set the echo strength level from 1 to 15, as represented on the vertical color bar.

Echoes that are strong enough to be within the crosshatched area on the vertical bar will cause an alarm (weaker echoes will be ignored).

Setting the upper and lower marker depths

The fish alarm will sound only when there are echoes inside (or optionally, outside) the upper and lower markers. These markers are displayed on the

SOUNDER

screen.

To set the markers:

1. Press

Set upper mkr.

The upper marker window is highlighted in black, ready to be set.

2. Press the cursor pad up or down to set the depth, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired depth.

The depth setting is displayed in the tab below the

Set upper mkr

key.

3. Press

Set lower mkr and set the depth of the lower marker in the same way.

Now you must tell the 6000i whether you wish to be notified of fish detected inside the depth range you’ve set, or outside that range.

Setting inside or outside fish markers

If you designate the markers as inside markers, the fish alarm sounds when fish are detected within these markers. If you set these markers as outside markers, the fish alarm sounds when fish are detected outside of these markers.



129

To set the markers to inside or outside, at the

FISH ALARM

window, press

Inside/outside mkrs to switch between the inside and outside settings. The setting is displayed in the tab below the key.

Turning the fish alarm on and off

To turn the alarm on, at the

FISH ALARM

window, press Turn alarm on. Generally, you’ll want to turn the alarm on after making all the other settings.

The setting that is in effect is displayed in the tab below the key.

To turn the alarm off, press Turn alarm off.

Setting the bottom alarm

When the bottom alarm is set, an alarm sounds if the echo sounder detects that the bottom is shallower than the limit you’ve set.

When a shallow bottom is detected, the alert tone sounds and the flashing alarm icon

BOTTOM

is displayed. This message clears automatically after 20 seconds, and the alarm is reset.

To access the bottom alarm:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press More.

2. Press

Alarm.

3. Press

Bottom alarm.

Bottom alarm window

Now you may set the depth at which you want to be notified about a shallow bottom.

Setting the bottom level

When the bottom is shallower than the depth you have set, the bottom alarm will sound.

To set the bottom level, at the

BOTTOM

ALARM

window, press the cursor pad up or down to set the depth, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired depth.

NOTE:

The 490’s depth indicator reflects the depth below your vessel’s transducer, not below the keel. Ask your installer for the exact distance between your transducer

130



Northstar 6000i


and your keel. This value must then always be manually added to the 490’s depth indicator, or entered into the transducer’s depth setting on the ECHO

SOUNDER SETUP

screen for a reading that doesn’t need to be corrected.

Turning the bottom alarm on and off


BOTTOM ALARM

window, press Turn alarm on. To turn the alarm off, press Turn alarm off.

Setting the temperature alarm

When the temperature alarm is set, an alarm sounds if the echo sounder detects that the water temperature has either risen above or dropped below the limit you’ve set.

This alarm isn’t present unless a temperature sensor is installed and configured.

When the temperature alarm sounds, the flashing alarm icon

THERM

is displayed.

This message clears automatically after 20 seconds and the alarm is reset

To set the temperature alarm:

1. At the

SOUNDER

screen, press

More.

2. Press

Alarm.

3. Press

Temp alarm.

Temperature alarm window

Setting the upper and lower temperature limits

You can set the upper and lower temperature limits. When the water temperature is either inside or outside these limits, the temperature alarm will sound.

To set the upper temperature limit:

1. At the

TEMPERATURE ALARM

window, press Set upper limit.

The upper limit window is highlighted in black.

2. Press the cursor pad up or down to set the temperature, or use the keypad to manually enter the desired temperature.

The temperature is displayed in the tab just below the

Set upper limit

key.



131

Set the lower temperature limit in the same way, after pressing Set lower limit.

Setting inside or outside temperature limits

If you set the upper and lower temperature limits as inside limits, the temperature alarm sounds when the measured temperature is within these limits. If you set these limits as outside limits, the temperature alarm sounds when the measured temperature is outside of these limits.

Press Inside/outside limits on the

TEMPER-

ATURE ALARM

window to switch between the inside and outside settings. The current setting is displayed in the tab just below the key.

Turning the temperature alarm on and off


TEMPERATURE

ALARM

window, press Turn alarm on. To turn the alarm off, press Turn alarm off.

132



Northstar 6000i

Troubleshooting the echo sounder

No echoes displayed when the SOUNDER key is pressed.


Is the

Advance

Speed set to zero?

YES

NO

Change the Advance Speed setting.

Configure the AUX Port for the 490. See "Setting up the

Echosounder" in Section 10 of this manual, or the 490

Operations Manual (GM490) for instructions.

NO

Has

AUX Port been configured for the 490?

YES

1. Check fuses and circuit

breakers

2. Check power to 490 with

a voltmeter.

3. Verify that the data cable

between the 6000i and

the 490 is properly wired

and connected.

OFF

Check the 490's STAT indicator

STEADY

ON

FLASHING

The 490 and the 6000i aren't communicating properly.

Check the wiring of the data cable between the 6000i and the 490.

ONCE

PER

SECOND

What is the flash rate of the STAT indicator?

FOUR

TIMES

PER

SECOND

1. Check transducer

connector for the

proper wiring.

2. If wiring is correct,check

transducer impedance

with an ohmmeter.

3. If the transducer is open

or shorted, replace it

There's a hardware problem with the 490.

Figure 12: Troubleshooting the echo sounder



133

Maintaining the transducer

Do not expose a transducer to gasoline or clean it with strong solvents, as either of these can penetrate and degrade the housing. If a transducer will be exposed to salt water, coat it with anti-fouling paint to prevent sea growth. To clean a transducer of sand, debris, or sea growth, use a stiff brush or putty knife. If necessary, wet-sand with finer grade wet or dry paper. Use sanding sparingly, as repeated sanding may affect a transducer’s performance at high speeds. Check the transducer periodically.

134



Northstar 6000i



Video

Video sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Displaying video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

135

Video sources

The Northstar 6000i can display video signals from a variety of sources. TV cameras, videotape, and DVD players all can display their images on the 6000i’s screen as long as the signals conform to

NTSC or PAL standards.

Just connect the video source’s cable to the

BNC connector on the back of the 6000i, and the signals are available for display. If you have more than one signal you’d like to see, you can use a video switch available at many electronics stores.

Video signals are not carried over the N2 network. A separate video cable must be run to each 6000i display.

Video can be displayed full-screen, or as a video window superimposed on the primary navigation screens (

CHART

,

POSI-

TION

,

STEER

,

RADAR

and

SOUNDER

). You can set the size of the video window, as well as its transparency.

Displaying video

To display a video signal from a connected source, press the

VIDEO

key.

The full-screen video image works just like any other function — press

VIDEO

to display it and press any other function key to switch to another screen.

If no video signal is present, color bars are displayed.

Video window

To turn on the video window (a small window displayed on top of the other navigation screens), press the

VIDEO

key a second time. The video control screen appears.

To turn the video window on or off, press the Video menu key.

Configure the video window as follows:

•

•

•

set the window’s position on the screen using the cursor pad set the window’s size with the keypad set the video transparency using the

IN

and

OUT

keys.

If you make the video window transparent, you will be able to see through it to the screen underneath.

136

Reference section 7 — Video

Video sources

Northstar 6000i



Alarms and TideTrack

Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

138

TideTrack™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

146

137

Alarms

Alarms automatically alert you to certain situations, for example, when you’re approaching a waypoint, or entering an avoidance area, or when you’ve lost position fixes. The 6000i displays an alarm in two ways:

•

•

as an alarm icon flashing on the display screen. (For a detailed explanation of these alarm icons, see Table 4 on page

139.) as an alarm message on the

ALARMS

screen

Also, whenever an alarm icon appears on any screen, an audible alarm will sound if you’ve turned on the alarm audio. Each alarm has a distinctive beep that’s based on

Morse code. If you’re choosing whether to keep the alarm audio on or off, remember that the audio beep may be a necessity when you’re unable to look at the display screen.

Displaying alarm messages

To display more information about current and previous alarms, press the

STAR

key.

Alarm screen, showing “passed” alarm

New alarm messages

The word NEW in the Recent Alarms box tells you that the alarm shown hasn’t been acknowledged, or “cleared” yet (see

“Clearing alarms” below). There may also be other uncleared alarms that you should acknowledge by clearing.

Recent alarm messages

The 6000i keeps a record of the most recent alarm from each main category

(such as anchor, avoidance, communications, cross track, GPS signals, and waypoints) enabling you to “browse” through older alarm messages that have not been acknowledged. Each successive

138

Reference section 8 — Alarms and TideTrack

Alarms

Northstar 6000i

ALARM

ICON

press of Clear alarm will show you the most recent alarm message from each category.

Clearing alarms

Clearing an alarm means removing the flashing alarm icon as well as the word new from the display of that alarm on the

ALARMS

screen. To manually clear an alarm

(and to see other alarms that may need clearing), press the Clear alarm key on the

ALARMS

screen.

There are two types of alarms:

•

Auto-clearing alarms automatically clear after the alarm condition

Table 4: 6000i alarms

•

disappears, or in some cases, after a short time-out period (typically about

10 seconds). Most alarms are auto-clearing; however, they can also be manually cleared, if desired.

Alarms that require manual clearing stay on-screen until you clear them on the alarms screen. Some serious alarms, such as loss of position fixes, will repeat at intervals.

All of the 6000i’s alarms are described in

Table 4 below.

ALARM MESSAGE ACTIVATED WHEN . . .

CONTROLLED

ON ALARM

SCREEN?

YES

CLEARS

AFTER

TIME–OUT?

No

CLEARS

WHEN

OK?

No

YOUR ANCHOR MAY

BE DRAGGING

YOU’VE ARRIVED AT

WAYPT: ‘NAME’

YOU’VE ENTERED

AVOID ZONE

Vessel has moved outside the radius limit set in the

anchor

alarm.

Vessel has entered the arrive radius of an active waypoint. This alarm is shown only if you’re navigating to a single waypoint, or if you’ve chosen manual waypoint switching.

Vessel has entered the warning radius of an avoidance waypoint.

No

No

10 seconds YES

No No



Alarms

139

’

ALARM

ICON

ALARM MESSAGE

NOW NAVIGATING

TO WAYPT: ‘NAME’

Table 4: 6000i alarms (continued)

ACTIVATED WHEN . . .

Vessel has switched to the next leg of the route.

CONTROLLED

ON ALARM

SCREEN?

No

CLEARS

AFTER

TIME–OUT?

10 seconds

CLEARS

WHEN

OK?

YES

YOU’RE CLOSE TO

WAYPT: ‘NAME

Vessel is within 900 feet of entering the arrive radius of the current waypoint.

No YES,

10 seconds

YES

CROSS-TRACK

LIMITS EXCEEDED

Vessel has exceeded the off-course limit set in the

cross track

alarm.

!!DEMO MODE IS

ON!!

NO WAAS/DGPS

BIG JUMP IN GPS

POSITION

You’ve powered-up the unit while already in demo mode, or a networked unit has selected demo mode.

DGPS or WAAS corrections have become unusable.

Your GPS position suddenly “jumps” an unreasonable amount based on the vessel’s speed.

NO GPS POSITION

FIX

GPS position fix is unavailable and GPS or

Phantom loran is the chosen position source.

This alarm is delayed for three minutes at power-up.

YES

No

YES

No

No

No YES

No YES

No YES

YES,

30 seconds

No

No YES

140


Alarms

Northstar 6000i


ALARM

ICON

ALARM MESSAGE

GPS

COMMUNICATION

FAILURE


The GPS receiver may have failed.

NO LORAN

POSITION FIX

LORAN

COMMUNICATION

FAILURE

YOU’VE PASSED

WAYPT: ‘NAME’

Position fix from an external loran receiver is unavailable and external loran is the chosen position source. This alarm is delayed for three minutes at power-up.

The 6000i hasn’t received any messages from the external loran receiver for over 30 seconds.

Vessel has passed abeam of the active waypoint — without entering the arrive radius. This alarm only appears if there are NO future waypoints, or if waypoint switching is manual.

CONTROLLED

ON ALARM

SCREEN?

No

CLEARS

AFTER

TIME–OUT?

No

CLEARS

WHEN

OK?

No

No

No

No

No

No

YES,

10 seconds

YES

No

YES

POOR LORAN

SIGNALS

NO NETWORK

BLINK, CYCLE or LOW SNR detected by the external loran used as the position source.

No

A 6000i designated as a slave and requiring a master to be present on the network is not receiving networking signals.

Sounder alarms (shown only if the sounder is enabled)

No

No

No

YES

YES



Alarms

141

ALARM

ICON

ALARM MESSAGE

BOTTOM

COLLISION!

TEMPERATURE

ALARM

FISH ALARM



Echo sounder detects that the seabed is higher than the specific limit you’ve set.

Water temperature reaches the condition specified.

CONTROLLED

ON ALARM

SCREEN?

No

CLEARS

AFTER

TIME–OUT?

Within 20 seconds after the seabed falls below the alarm zone

No

CLEARS

WHEN

OK?

YES

Echoes are detected within the specified depth range.

No

RADAR GUARD VIO-

LATION

Radar alarms (shown only if radar is enabled)

Radar echoes are received within the guard zone.

No No No

RADAR DATA NOT

AVAILABLE

NO HEADING DATA

Alarm audio

The 6000i hasn’t received radar data for several seconds.

The 6000i is not receiving data from the heading sensor.

You can turn the alarm audio on so that the 6000i will beep when any alarm goes

No

No

No

No

YES

No off, or you can turn the audio off completely so that you’ll only see alarm icons and messages displayed on the screen:

142


Alarms

Northstar 6000i


1. On the alarm screen, press the cursor pad to select Alarm Audio, then press

Edit

alarm.

2. Press the cursor pad to display OFF or

ON, then press

ENTER

.

Anchor alarm

The anchor alarm will signal when your vessel moves a certain distance from the position of your vessel when you pressed the Drop anchor key. You can turn the anchor alarm on or off, and set the distance that you can drift without triggering the alarm. The default setting is 0.20 nautical miles (about 1200 feet). You can set the anchor alarm to as little as 0.01 nm, but be sure to allow for drifting the length of the anchor chain, plus a safety factor to allow for any GPS or loran inaccuracy.

NOTE:

Remember to turn off the anchor alarm before you intentionally move away from the anchor-drop point.

To set the anchor alarm:

1. Press

Drop anchor where you’ve dropped the anchor. A waypoint named

ANCR is created at this location.

2. Press

ENTER

.

3. Press the cursor pad to highlight Anchor

Alarm, then press

Edit alarm.

4. Press the cursor pad to turn the alarm to

on.

5. Set the distance your vessel can normally be expected to move on its anchor chain by pressing the cursor pad to the right, and using the keypad to enter the distance. (Remember to add a safety factor to allow for GPS or loran inaccuracy.)

6. Press

ENTER

.

Cross-track alarm

The cross-track alarm will signal if your vessel moves beyond a certain distance from the desired track line. The default setting is 0.10 nautical miles (about 600 feet). You can set the cross track to as little as 0.01 nm (about 60 feet).

To set the cross-track alarm:

1. On the alarm screen, press the cursor pad to highlight Cross Track, then press

Edit

alarm.

2. Press the cursor pad to turn the alarm to

on.

3. To set the cross-track distance limit, press the cursor pad right, and use the keypad to enter the distance, then press

ENTER

.

Arrive radius

The arrive radius defines a circle around your current active waypoint. The default setting for the radius is 0.20 nautical miles,


Alarms

143

or about 1200 feet. You can set the radius to as little as 0.01 nm (approximately 60 feet).

Either of two alarms may be triggered when the vessel enters the arrive radius:

•

If you’re following a route and have chosen automatic waypoint switching, the 6000i displays the CHANGING alarm icon and switches to the next leg.

Automatic waypoint switching will also occur if you cross the perpendicular at the end of the current leg.

•

If there are no more waypoints in the route, or if you’ve chosen manual waypoint switching, the ARRIVE alarm is triggered.

To set the arrive radius:

1. On the alarm screen, press the cursor pad to highlight Arrive Radius, then press

Edit

alarm.

2. To set the distance around waypoints, use the keypad to enter the distance, then press

ENTER

.

data time-out setting. To adjust this setting,

See Choosing a DGPS corrections time-out, on page 162.

To turn on the DGPS alarm, press the cursor pad to highlight DGPS ALARM, then press Edit alarm. Press the cursor pad to turn the alarm to ON, then press

ENTER

.

Setting alarms to honk

You can connect a loud external alarm to the 6000i, to help you hear alarms in noisy situations. This function is called

“honking.” You can set the 6000i to honk when the anchor alarm is activated, or when any alarm is activated. See the North-

star 6000i Installation Manual for instructions for connecting an external alarm.

Note: The honk output signal can also be programmed to generate a 200 pulse-per-nautical-mile speed log signal, or it can be programmed to control DC power for the radar or sounder module.

If the honk output is used elsewhere, you can’t use it for external alarms.

DGPS alarm

The DGPS alarm will signal if you were using GPS or Phantom loran fixes, but valid, usable beacon or WAAS differential corrections haven’t been received within the time limit you’ve specified in the DGPS

To turn on the honk output:

1. On the

ALARMS

screen, press the cursor pad to highlight Honk Output, then press

Edit alarm.

144


Alarms

Northstar 6000i


2. Press the cursor pad to select ANCHOR

ALM, or ALL ALARMS, as desired.

3. Press

ENTER

.

Anchor alarm

If the anchor alarm is set to honk, a continuous honking sequence begins when:

•

your vessel moves outside the specified anchor-alarm radius

- or -

•

the navigation source (for example,

GPS signals) becomes unavailable, creating an uncertainty in the 6000i as to whether it’s inside the anchor watch radius or not

If your vessel moves outside the anchor-alarm radius, then for the next 10 seconds the anchor drag icon begins flashing and the alarm automatically beeps

(you’ll hear the beeping only if you’ve set the Alarm Audio to On). The honk sequence consists of a honk every 15 seconds. The first honk is 1 second long; the second is 2 seconds, the third 3 seconds, and so forth.

This honk cycle repeats until you manually clear the anchor alarm. This honk does not automatically clear under any conditions.

To clear the alarm, press the

STAR

key to display the

ALARMS

screen, then press

Clear alarm. You may also want to set the anchor alarm back to the off setting.

Honking for all alarms

If all alarms are set to honk, any alarm will cause the external alarm to sound for half a second, followed by silence for half a second. This honking sequence stops when the alarms are cleared.

To set all alarms to honk:

1. Press the cursor pad to highlight Honk

Output, then press

Edit alarm.

2. Press the cursor pad to select ALL

ALARMS, then press

ENTER

.

3. Set the

Alarm Audio

to ON if it’s currently off.


Alarms

145

TideTrack

™

The 6000i calculates tide information for any of over 3,540 NOS/NOAA tide stations.

To display this information, press the

STAR

key until you see the tide track screen.

Tide Track screen

The entire U.S. coastline — including Alaska and Hawaii — is covered, plus many Caribbean islands and eastern and western

Canada. Tides can be displayed for any date up to the year 2010. Data is from the official tide-table predictions and should be about as accurate as the printed tables. For more information about tides, see Tide

Tables published by the NOS/NOAA, Rockville, Maryland 20852.

The TideTrack screen

The name of the selected NOAA tide station and the selected day are shown at the top of the screen.

A graph of the water height for the selected tide station during any 24-hour period is displayed.

Press the cursor pad up or down to move a horizontal measurement line to any spot on the tide graph. The line is labelled with the exact height that it represents.

Maximum and minimum heights are shown as dashed horizontal lines labeled with the height in feet. Mean Lower Low

Water (MLLW) is shown as a solid line near the bottom of the graph. A solid vertical line and arrow points to the tide level at the current time.

Just below the tide graph is the time scale, showing the vessel’s local time (LCL) for each point, and (if the station is in a different time zone) the time at the tide station (TID).

At the bottom of the screen, the times of the day’s high and low tides are listed for that location, along with the tide height at the present time.

146


TideTrack™

Northstar 6000i


Choosing a nearby tide station

You can choose from any of the nine tide stations closest to your present position.

1. On the

TIDE TRACK

screen, press

CONFIGURE

.

2. Press Choose closest tide station.

The 6000i searches for the nine stations closest to your present position and displays this list with the closest station at the top.

3. Press the cursor pad to select the desired station, then press

ENTER

twice to display the tides for that station on the

TIDE

TRACK

screen.

Choosing a tide station from the chart

You can also choose a tide station by moving the cursor to any location along the U.S. coastline.

1. On the Tide track screen, press

Configure.

2. Press

Choose tide station from chart.

3. Press the cursor pad to select the general coastline location for which you want tide information, then press

ENTER

to display a list of the nine tide stations closest to this cursor location.

4. Press the cursor pad to select the desired station, then press

ENTER

twice to display the tides for that station on the

TIDE

TRACK

screen.

Tide Station Selection screen

Choosing a specific date

The

TIDE TRACK

screen normally displays tide information for today’s date. To display these tides for a different date, you can either press the cursor pad right or left to move the date forward or backwards by one day, or select a new date as follows:

1. Press

Configure, then press New date.

The first digit of the current date flashes.

2. Press the cursor pad to move to the month or digit you want to change. To change a digit, press that key on the key-


TideTrack™

147

pad. To change the month, press the cursor pad up or down.

3. When the date is correct, press

ENTER

twice to display the tides for the new date.

148


TideTrack™

Northstar 6000i



N2 Networking

General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

149

General information

Northstar’s N2 Networking is a major step forward in integrating the major sensors and displays on your vessel. Waypoints and routes are shared among all networked displays, without any work on the user’s part. Any changes made to a route or waypoint instantly appear in all connected units. If a unit is turned off while changes are being made, those changes are automatically copied into that unit when it is turned back on.

Navigation can be started from any unit, and your progress and steering screens are displayed on any unit. In addition, radar and sounder images are sent in real time to all 6000i displays on the network, and the radar and the sounder can be controlled from any of the connected units.

Restrictions

In an N2 network, one unit is designated as the master, and all others as slaves. The

GPS antenna is connected to the master unit. The only restrictions on N2 networking are the following:

•

•

there must be one and only one master unit operating in a network all units must have the same software version.

If, for example, a slave unit is turned on before the master, a message is displayed reminding the user to turn on the master unit before using the slave. In case the master unit is not available (in for service, for example), brief instructions show how to temporarily convert a slave into a master unit.

In normal use, this means that as long as the master is turned on, everything works automatically.

Radar overlays

The 6000i’s radar overlay function matches the radar scale to the chart scale so that the radar image can be superimposed on the chart. Only one display unit at a time can display the radar overlay, since multiple units may show charts at different scales, or may even be using different chart cartridges.

Whenever you turn on radar overlay, any other unit that is displaying the radar overlay will switch it off and display

Suspend in that unit’s Overlay menu key.

150

Reference section 9 — N2 Networking

General information

Northstar 6000i


Pressing the Overlay key on any unit will restore the radar overlay function on that unit and switch it off on other units.

The remainder of this section tells what to do if you experience one of the rare occurrences where networking stops working.

The unit will turn on and operate as a master unit.

After the original master unit is restored, the replacement unit should be set back to slave status.

Master unit unavailable

If your master unit becomes unavailable due to a failure or other reason, you can replace it with any other 6000i on the vessel.

The GPS antenna and any necessary NMEA devices must be connected to the replacement unit. In many situations, it will be easiest to move the replacement unit to the location of the master and physically replace it.

Configuring the replacement as a master

To function in an N2 network, the replacement unit must be designated as a master unit. To do this:

1. Turn the unit on while pressing the

STAR

key. Hold the

STAR

key until the special service screen is displayed (about a minute or so).

2. Press the “

9

” key on the keypad to switch the master/slave designation.

3. Press

ENTER

.


Restrictions

151

152


Restrictions

Northstar 6000i



Setup

Changing your display settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

154

Changing your navigation settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

156

Changing your receiver settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

160

Changing your port settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163

Setting up the echosounder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163

Setting up radar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164

Installing software updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164

Displaying system information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

165

Changing the time zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

166

153

Changing your display settings

To access the 6000i’s display options, press the

STAR

key several times until you see the Options/Service Info screen.

Changing the settings

To change any of the options (explained in detail on the following pages), select the option by pressing the cursor pad to move the arrow at the left of the screen, then press Edit. The selected option flashes, waiting for you to change it using the cursor pad or the keypad. Once you’ve made the change, press

ENTER

.

Options and Service Info screen

Press Display options to access the Display

Options screen.

Rhumb line or great circle calculations

You can set the 6000i to calculate the distance and initial bearing to your intended destination along either a Great

Circle route or a rhumb line.

The shortest distance between any two points on the surface of a sphere is called a

Great Circle route. It appears as a straight line on a globe, but as a curved line on a

Mercator chart.

Rhumb line navigation maintains a constant true direction to your destination

(seen as a straight line on a Mercator chart), but makes a longer route to travel over great distances than the Great Circle calculation.

Great Circle and rhumb line navigation are virtually the same if the start and end

Display Options screen

154

Reference section 10 — Setup


Northstar 6000i

Reference Manual Revision D points are closer than 100 nm. You can approximate a longer great circle using a series of shorter rhumb lines. All legs are drawn as straight lines on the chart screens.

Distance and speed units

Distances and speeds can be displayed in any of the following units of measurement:

•

•

•

nautical miles, feet, and knots kilometers, meters, and kilometers per hour statute miles, feet, and miles per hour

12- or 24-hour clock

Time of day can be displayed in either a

12- or 24-hour format. This option affects all of the time-related displays, including high and low tides, sunrise/sunset, and

ETA.

The number of saved waypoints

When you save a waypoint by pressing the

SAVE

key, the 6000i automatically assigns a sequential waypoint number (such as

–S001–) to each point stored. When this number passes the number you set in the

Max saved waypt option (the factory default setting is 100 saved waypoints), it restarts at the number 1, and overwrites the old saved waypoint previously designated number 1. For many applications, you may want to set this maximum number to a small value, such as five or ten, as long as you promptly rename any saved waypoints you want to save permanently—before they’re overwritten.

You can enter a number up to 199 for the maximum number of saved waypoints. For one- or two-digit values, enter zero as the first digit(s).

When being saved to a route, waypoints are automatically assigned four-digit numbers; these waypoints can be overwritten only during a database IMPORT operation.

Lat/lon precision

Latitude and longitude can be displayed as either degrees, minutes, and seconds (XX°

XX’ XX”), or as degrees, minutes, and thousandths of minutes (XX° XX.XXX’).

Entering a personalized owner’s message

To provide your 6000i with a substantial measure of theft protection, you can enter a personalized owner identification message that is displayed every time the



155

unit is turned on. To enter or change this message, you need an access code that

Northstar sends you when you return your product registration card. Once you’ve received your registered-owner access code, you can enter your owner ID message:

1. From the Display Options menu select the

Owner’s Message option and press

Edit.

2. Enter the access code from your Northstar owner’s card, then press

ENTER

. The first character block of the owner’s message flashes.

3. Enter your message using the keypad and cursor pad, then press

ENTER

.

Your message can be changed only by entering your access code number and repeating the above procedure. The

6000i gives you three attempts at entering the correct access code; after that, all operations freeze, requiring you to turn power off, then turn it back on again to resume functioning.

Changing your navigation settings

To access the 958’s navigation options, press the

STAR

key until you see the


screen.

Press Navigation options to access the

NAVIGATION OPTIONS

screen.

156



Navigation Options screen

Northstar 6000i



To change any of the options (fully described in the following pages), select it by pressing the cursor pad to move the arrow at the left of the screen, then press

Edit. The selected option flashes, waiting for you to change it using the cursor pad or the keypad. Press

ENTER

to finalize your changes.

Choosing a navigation source

The 6000i’s position screens and waypoint navigation are based on position information obtained from one of the following navigation sources:

•

•

•

GPS — choose this to use GPS position data

Phantom Loran — choose this to see your GPS position displayed as loran

TDs (any available GPS differential corrections will also be used in the calculation of the Phantom Loran TDs) external loran — choose this to use a loran receiver connected to the 6000i

NOTE:

This option includes a setting for demo mode. For instructions on demo mode, see Using demo mode, on page 16.

Choosing magnetic variation

A compass naturally points to the magnetic north pole, several hundred miles from the

Earth’s geographic north pole. The difference between the angles to the two poles is known as magnetic variation.

You can display bearings as true (relative to north) or magnetic (to match your compass). The 6000i can calculate the magnetic variation for your position automatically, or you can enter it manually.

Push the cursor pad up or down to choose:

•

•

true — no variation applied (true bearings are usually required when using a gyrocompass) automatic — the unit calculates variation automatically according to your location and the date

The factory default setting is “automatic.”

Under most conditions, you’ll want the

6000i to calculate the variation automatically for your position, since the automatically calculated variation is usually entirely adequate.

•

manual setting — press the cursor pad to the right, enter three digits representing your variation from 0 to

180, and press E / W to select the direction.



157

The manual setting (1º to 180º) is available when the display must match an older or less accurate chart, or in remote areas (such as above 70º north latitude) where the variation calculations can be significantly off.

Switching waypoints manually or automatically

You can set waypoint switching to:

•

•

automatic — the 6000i automatically switches to the next waypoint upon arrival at each waypoint manual — you manually switch to the next waypoint

When set to automatic, the 6000i displays the new distance and bearing information for the next waypoint when you arrive at the previous one. It immediately stops navigating when you pass a lone waypoint or the last waypoint in a route.

NOTE:

For instructions on changing the waypoint arrival distance, see Arrive radius, on page 143.

You may want to switch waypoints manually if you’re maneuvering around a waypoint in search of a lobster trap, or trying to find a buoy in a thick fog. Manual switching lets you keep a continuous display of distance and bearing information for the current waypoint. With manual switching, you must manually change to the next waypoint every time you arrive at the current waypoint:

1. Press

STEER

and then

Nav log.

2. Select the next leg or waypoint if necessary.

3. Press

Restart and then

ENTER

.

Choosing a geodetic datum

A variety of lat/lon coordinate models is used by cartographers to produce the world’s navigation charts. Each model is called a datum. The 6000i’s geodetic datum option contains all referenced datums, according to Defense Mapping Agency publications.

You should always be sure that the current datum matches your Nav-Chart cartridge.

All Navionics charts for the last few years use the WGS84 datum. A few old charts from South America and other areas use other datums. If you choose a datum other than WGS84, an offset will be applied, but only to the GPS lat/lon of your vessel’s position. The vessel will be moved on the chart, but not waypoints, routes, or track points.

To change the datum reference:

158



Northstar 6000i


1. On the


screen, select the

Geodetic datum option and press

Edit.

2. Press the cursor pad up or down to scan through the alphabetic listing.

3. When you see your choice, press

ENTER

.

For a list of the available datums, see

Appendix C at the back of this manual.

NOTE:

You can specify a different datum for the

6000i’s output ports than the one set for the positional display. For instructions on how to do this, see the Northstar 6000i

Installation Manual (part number

GM6KIM).

Table 5: Cross-track scale options

Dist/speed units setting

MI/MPH

NM/KNOTS

KM/KPH

Cross-track full scale setting

you can choose 1000 FT,

2000 FT, or 1/2 MI you can choose 1000 FT,

2000 FT, or 1/2 NM you can choose 200 M,

1KM, or 2KM

To change the crosstrack full scale setting:

1. On the


screen, choose the cross track full scale option and press Edit.

2. Press the cursor pad to make your choice.

3. Press

ENTER

.

Choosing the cross-track scale

You can set the Cross-track Full Scale option to suit your particular needs—whether you’re navigating out in open water or trying to maneuver in a tight channel. Cross-track scale is the total left-to-right distance shown on the

2D

STEER

screen. For example, a cross-track full scale setting of 1,000 feet displays 500 feet on either side of your track line.

Table 5 shows the choices for the cross-track full scale, depending on the distance and speed units that you’ve set on the

DISPLAY OPTIONS

screen.

Changing the steering precision

The Steer Dist Precision option adds precision to the distance-to-waypoint and cross-track error displays on the

STEERING

and

3-D STEER

screens. The “normal” setting displays these distances in hundredths of miles or kilometers. If you change the setting to “high,” these distances change to feet (or meters) whenever they’re under one mile or kilometer.



159

Course Predictor Line

This setting controls the length of the predictor line described in Using the course

predictor line, on page 40.

Changing your receiver settings

To access the 6000i’s receiver options, press the

STAR



screen.

Press Receiver options to access the

RECEIVER OPTIONS

screen.

Receiver Options screen


To change any of the options (fully described in the following pages), select it by pressing the cursor pad to move the arrow at the left of the screen, then press

Edit. The selected option flashes, waiting for you to change it using the cursor pad or the keypad. Press

ENTER

when done.

Choosing the speed averaging time

When you’re using uncorrected GPS, you may see that your Speed-Over-Ground readings are slightly erratic, varying by up to several knots. The 6000i’s GPS speed averaging function can help steady these readings by lengthening the time over which your speed is averaged, from two to ten seconds. Averaging can also be turned off for the quickest possible reaction time.

Shorter averaging times provide a faster display of speed changes, but with less accuracy. A longer averaging time is useful at lower speeds when you require the

160



Northstar 6000i

Reference Manual Revision D steadiest readings and highest accuracy, such as when you want to trawl at a certain optimum speed.

Choosing beacon frequency and baud rate (optional equipment)

Differential corrections are invaluable for navigating in narrow or congested areas, such as ports and waterways, or whenever you require extreme accuracy in order to locate a particular spot.

WAAS is one source of accurate corrections received directly from satellites. If you need an alternate source, you can interface your 6000i with an optional external Northstar beacon receiver. A beacon receiver takes corrections broadcast by shore-based marine radiobeacons situated along most of the U.S. coastline and uses those corrections to further enhance the accuracy of GPS. Beacon frequencies are automatically selected as you move from one differential coverage area to another, or as weather conditions change. The receiver constantly evaluates the quality of the radiobeacon signals, and selects the best station.

Automatic mode

Automatic differential mode can normally be used at all times. One receiver channel tracks the best available differential signal and sends DGPS corrections to the 6000i’s

GPS receiver. Another channel continuously scans the entire differential frequency band (283.5 to 325kHz), evaluating available DGPS signals.

If the signal that’s received and monitored by Channel 1 degrades for any reason

(such as bad weather between your vessel and the transmitter), the 6000i tries to select a better frequency from the directory it has compiled. This function allows it to switch to the best differential signal

before your GPS accuracy is affected.

Manual mode

Although the need is rare, you can manually override the beacon receiver’s automatic mode at any time. In manual mode, the beacon receiver uses only the selected station.

To manually choose a differential station, you must select the frequency of the desired station:

1. On the

RECEIVER OPTIONS

screen, highlight the Beacon Frequency option and press

Edit.

2. Change the settings from AUTO to MAN-

UAL. A differential transmitter frequency appears to the right of the word MANUAL.

3. Press the cursor pad to the right to highlight the digits you want to change. Enter



161

the appropriate frequency—any value between 283.5kHz and 325kHz—and press

ENTER

.

NOTE:

You can also manually set the baud rate

(the transmitter’s data transmission speed) for the selected differential frequency. However, Northstar strongly recommends leaving the beacon baud rate setting at

Auto

.

NOTE:

The 6000i can manually control a non-Northstar external differential receiver as long as the receiver supports the MX50R control protocol. Check the manufacturer’s instructions to see if they support this control protocol before connecting to a 6000i.

Setting differential operation

The 6000i’s differential operation setting has four options for differential information:

•

•

•

auto — the 6000i evaluates available

WAAS and radiobeacon corrections and uses whichever provides the higher accuracy

WAAS — the 6000i uses only WAAS differential corrections disabled — the 6000i doesn’t use any differential corrections

•

radiobeacon — the 6000i uses radiobeacon corrections only

Choosing a DGPS corrections time-out

The DGPS data time-out setting determines how long the 6000i will continue to use old DGPS corrections if no new corrections are received due to bad weather, extreme distance from beacon, etc.

If the time-out period ends without any new corrections, the 6000i reverts to standard GPS navigation, displays the old

corrections status message on the

DGPS

STATUS

screen, and displays the DGPS lost alarm. DGPS will automatically resume when the 6000i receives valid corrections.

Under normal operating conditions, you should set the time-out to one minute (the factory default) to guarantee the best accuracy. A time-out of 30 seconds or less is often too short and can cause false alarms.

Generally, one minute provides good navigation accuracy, and is best left unchanged.

In bad weather — where you may need to tolerate a minor loss of accuracy — you can increase the value up to a maximum of four minutes, which lets the 6000i ignore occasional brief outages of differential reception.

162



Northstar 6000i

Adjusting satellite elevation

The lowest sat elevation option is used mainly for technical applications, in which the 6000i must track all visible satellites regardless of how low they are on the horizon. In other instances where high-precision fixes are necessary, you can increase this setting to “hide” any low satellites, thereby preventing their use as sources of GPS position information, and avoiding potential errors.

This option is adjustable from 0° to 25°, in

5˚ increments, but Northstar recommends leaving this option at the factory setting of

5°.

Changing your port settings

You can interface the 6000i directly to a variety of external equipment, such as the

Northstar 490 “black box” for fishfinding, autopilots, depth sounders, PC’s, and so on.

The 6000i’s ports meet the specifications of most navigation devices, providing you with a customized setup for interfacing with practically any NMEA 0183-compatible equipment.

The 6000i is interfaced with other equipment through its data transmission ports: two NMEA ports (labeled NMEA) and one auxiliary port (labeled AUX). To see a summary of the wiring information for these ports, press the

STAR

key to display the


screen, then Port

setup options and Wiring info.

For details about interfacing the 6000i, contact your local authorized Northstar dealer.

Setting up the echosounder

For the echosounder to work with the

6000i, you must configure the echosounder to the 6000i’s AUX port and then set up the AUX port for fishfinding:

1. Press the

STAR

key to display the


screen.

2. Press

Port setup options.

3. Press Edit.



Changing your port settings

163

4. Set the

AUX port option to “490.”

5. Press

ENTER

.

6. To activate this setting, turn the 6000i off and back on again.

Setting up radar

To use radar with the system, you must connect the Northstar radar to the 6000i’s

Port 2 and configure the port:

To set up Port 2 for radar:

1. Press the

STAR

key to display the

Options/service info screen.

2. Press

Port setup options.

3. Press

Port 2 Setup,

4. Press

Edit.

5. Set the output format to “Radar” by using the cursor pad up or down.

6. Press

ENTER

.

If an optional heading sensor is used, it must be connected to the same 6000i as the radar.

Installing software updates

You can install current software updates by obtaining a software update cartridge from

Northstar or your local authorized Northstar dealer.

CAUTION!

Do not remove the card

or turn

the unit off

while the update is in progress or your 6000i system will be corrupted.

Update all slave units before updating the master unit.

1. Press the

STAR

key to display the

Options/service info screen.

2. Press

More.

3. On the

MORE OPTIONS/SERVICE INFO

screen, press

Software update.

4. On the

SOFTWARE UPDATE

screen, press

Start Update and follow any instructions on your screen.

164


Setting up radar

Northstar 6000i

Displaying system information

To see your unit’s serial number, software versions, and receiver self-test results, press the

STAR


Options/Service info screen.

failure, you may have to return the unit to the factory for service.

GPS receiver self-test

If the GPS receiver’s self-test message is

failed, you may have to return the unit to the factory for service.

Beacon receiver self-test

If your 6000i is connected to an optional

Northstar radiobeacon receiver, the receiver is automatically tested each time the unit is turned on. The message

PASSED or FAILED is displayed in the

beacon rcvr self test field. In many cases, a failure is caused by an open or shorted antenna cable, which can be repaired in the field. If this isn’t the source of the

Testing the 6000i’s keypad

A built-in keypad test lets you check the integrity of all the unit’s keys except the

PWR

MOB

and

SAVE/MOB

keys (pressing

during the keypad test saves a

SAVE/

waypoint instead of testing the keys).

1. On the


screen, press

More to display the

MORE OPTIONS

/ SERVICE INFO

screen.

2. Press

Diagnostics, then Keypad.

Pressing each key identifies it on the screen.

3. When you’re done, press and hold the cursor pad up or down until the unit displays the

MORE OPTIONS/SERVICE INFO

screen again.



Displaying system information

165

N2 status screen

The N2 status screen lists all operating units connected to the N2 network for troubleshooting:

1. On the


screen, press More to display the

MORE OPTIONS

/ SERVICE INFO

screen.

2. Press

N2 status. All units are listed with their model number and serial number.

The unit you are currently operating is identified with the text “

(me).”

Using the LCD test key

From the

DIAGNOSTICS

screen, press LCD

test. This function is used for factory testing of the unit’s screen, and it simply displays a blank screen. Press any function key to return to another screen.

Changing the time zone

Press the

STAR


TIME

OF DAY

screen. The time, date, local time zone, and time of today’s sunrise and sunset are shown.

factory, the time zone is set to “GMT”

(Greenwich Mean Time).

Note that the day of the week in Greenwich, England may be different from the day in your local time zone.

To change the time zone used for all of the

6000i’s time displays, press Time zone, and use the cursor pad to select the desired zone and standard or daylight time. Press

ENTER

to use the new time zone.

The current time is displayed in the center of the screen. When shipped from the

166



Northstar 6000i


Appendix A — Datum list

The following pages list all of the datums available in the 6000i, together with the mathematical parameters for each.

167

Datum ID

AS52

AG66

AG84

BEL

BER

BOG

CMI

CA66

ARC50_ZB

ARC60_MN

ARC60_K

ARC60_T

ASC

ABE

AB4

AD714

ADI_MN

ADI_E

ADI_MA

ADI_SE

ADI_SU

AFG

AIN

ANA

ARC50_MN

ARC50_B

ARC50_L

ARC50_M

ARC50_S

ARC50_ZR

ARC50_ZM

CAPE

CC_MN

CARTH

CHAT

CHUA

CORR

DJAK

DOS68

EI67

EUR50_MN

Datum name ELLIPSOID delta x

ADINDAN Mean—Africa CL1880

ADINDAN—Ethiopia CL1880

ADINDAN—Mali CL1880

ADINDAN—Senegal CL1880

ADINDAN—Sudan CL1880

AFGOOYE—Somalia KRASS

AIN EL ABD 1970—Bahrain Island INTL

ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965—Cocos Islands

ARC 1950 mean value

ARC 1950—Botswana

ARC 1950—Lesotho

ARC 1950—Malawi

ARC 1950—Swaziland

ARC 1950—Zaire

ARC 1950—Zambia

AUSTR

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

ARC 1950—Zimbabwe

ARC-1960 mean value

ARC 1960—Kenya

ARC 1960—Tanzania

Ascension Island 1958

Astro Beacon “E” (Pacific Isl.)

Astro B4 Sorol Atoll (Hawaiian Islands)

Astro Dos 71/4 (Atlantic Isl.)

Astronomic Station 1952

Australian Geodetic 1966

Australian Geodetic 1984

Bellevue (IGN)

Bermuda 1957

Bogota Observatory (Colombia)

Campo Inchauspe

Canton Astro 1966

Cape (South Africa)

Cape Canaveral mean value

CL1880

CL1866

Carthage CL1880

Chatham 1971 (S.W. Pac. Isl.) INTL

Chua-Astro INTL

Corrego-Allegre INTL

Djakarta (Batavia)

DOS 1968 (S.W. Pac. Isl.)

B1841

INTL

Easter Island 1967

European 1950—mean value

INTL

INTL

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

AUSTR

AUSTR

INTL

CL1866

INTL

INTL

INTL

124

-133

-134

-127

-73

307

-148

298

-142

-160

-161

-158

-207

145

114

-320

-136

-2

-263

175

-134

-206

-377

230

211

-87

-491

-143

-138

-125

-161

-134

-169

-147

-166

-165

-123

-128

-161

-43

-150

delta y

-234

-48

-48

-769

213

304

136

-304

-96

-8

-7

-12

107

75

-116

550

-108

150

6

-38

229

172

681

-199

147

-98

-22

-90

-105

-108

-73

-105

-19

-74

-15

-11

-20

-18

-14

-163

-251

delta z

-25

148

149

472

296

-318

90

-375

-293

-300

-300

-299

52

-272

-333

-494

-292

181

431

113

-29

-6

-50

-752

111

-121

435

-294

-289

-295

-317

-295

-278

-283

204

206

220

224

205

45

-2

168

Reference section 10 — Appendix A — Datum list


Northstar 6000i


Datum ID

HJOR

HK

IND_TV

IND_BIN

IRE65

ISTS

JI61

JAND

KERG

KERT

KKJ

LC5A

LIB64

LUZ_P

LUZ_M

MAHE

EUR50_WE

EUR50_CY

EUR50_EG

EUR50_GB

EUR50_GR

EUR50_IR

EUR50_SA

EUR50_SI

EUR50_NF

EUR50_PS

EUR79

GAND

GD49

GUAM63

GUX

MASI

MASS

MERCH

MA61

MINA

NAH_O

NAH_UA

NAH_SA

NAP

NAD27_MN

NAD27_WU

NAD27_EU

NAD27_AK


European 1950—Western Europe

European 1950—Cyprus

European 1950—Egypt

European 1950—England

European 1950—Greece

European 1950—Iran

European 1950—Sardinia

European 1950—Sicily

European 1950—Norway and Finland

European 1950—Portugal and Spain

European 1979

Gandajika Base (Indian Ocean)

Geodetic Datum 1949

Guam 1963

Gux 1 Astro

Hjorsey 1955—Iceland

Hong Kong 1963

Indian (Thailand/Vietnam)

Indian (Bangladesh/India/Nepal)

Ireland 1965

ISTS 073 Astro 1969

Johnston Island 1961

Kandawala—Sri Lanka

INTL

INTL

EVRST

EVRST

AIRYM

INTL

INTL

EVRST

Kerguelen Island (Indian Ocean)

Kertau 1948 (Malaysia)

KKJ (Finnish)

L.C. 5 Astro (Caribbean)

INTL

EVRSTM

FINN

CL1866

Liberia 1964 CL1880

Luzon—Phillipines CL1866

Luzon—Mindanao Island

Mahe 1971 (Indian Ocean)

CL1866

CL1880

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

CL1866

INTL

Marco Astro—Salvage Islands

Massawa (Africa)

Merchich (Africa)

Midway Astro 1961

Minna (Africa)

Nahrwan—Masirah Island (Oman)

Nahrwan—United Arab Emirates

Nahrwan—Saudi Arabia

Naparima BWI (Trinidad and Tobago)

North American 1927—CONUS mean value

North American 1927—Western U.S.

North American 1927—Eastern U.S.

North American 1927—Alaska

INTL

B1841

CL1880

INTL

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

CL1880

INTL

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

145

-11

-78

42

-90

-133

-133

41

-73

-156

214

289

506

208

191

-97

-97

-87

-88

-86

-133

84

-100

252

-87

-104

-130

-86

-84

-117

-97

-2

-8

-8

-9

-5

-289

639

31

912

-92

-247

-249

-231

delta y

-187

851

-231

124

40

-77

-79

-220

46

-271

836

734

-122

-435

-77

787

-88

-95

-109

-98

-321

-22

-248

-209

-96

-101

-117

-96

-95

-132

-103

374

160

159

161

135

-124

405

146

-58

-93

-148

-156

-196

delta z

103

5

-97

147

88

-51

-72

-134

-86

-189

303

257

611

-229

-204

86

-135

-120

-122

-119

50

209

259

-751

-120

-140

-151

-120

-130

-164

-120

172

176

175

179

172

60

60

47

1227

122

369

381

482



169

Datum ID

OB1966

OEG

OHW_MN

OHW_HW

OHW_KA

OHW_MA

OHW_OA

OMAN

OSGB_MN

OSGB_E

OSGB_IM

OSGB_SSI

OSGB_WL

PDLN

PA67

PSC63

NAD27_BH

NAD27_SS

NAD27_CN

NAD27_AB

NAD27_EC

NAD27_MO

NAD27_NE

NAD27_YK

NAD27_CZ

NAD27_CR

NAD27_CA

NAD27_CU

NAD27_GR

NAD27_MX

NAD83

PSA56_MN

PSA56_BO

PSA56_NC

PSA56_SC

PSA56_CO

PSA56_EC

PSA56_GY

PSA56_PR

PSA56_VN

PRICO

QUAT

QORN

REUN


North American 1927—Bahamas

North American 1927—San Salvador Island

North American 1927—Canada

North American 1927—Alberta and B.C.

North American 1927—East Canada

North American 1927—Manitoba and Ontario

North American 1927—N.W. Terrs. & Sask.

North American 1927—Yukon

North American 1927—Canal Zone

North American 1927—Caribbean

North American 1927—Central America

North American 1927—Cuba

North American 1927—Greenland

North American 1927—Mexico

North American 1983

Observatorio 1966 (Atl. Isl.)

Old Egyptian

Old Hawaiian—mean value

Old Hawaiian—Hawaii

INTL

HELM

CL1866

CL1866

Old Hawaiian—Kauai

Old Hawaiian—Maui

CL1866

CL1866

Old Hawaiian—Oahu CL1866

Oman CL1880

Ordin. Survey of Gr. Britain 1936—mean value

Ordin. Survey of Great Britain 1936 —England

Ordin. Survey of G. B. 1936—Isle of Man, Wales

Ord. Surv of G.B. 1936—Scot. & Shetlnd Islands

Ordinance Survey of Great Britain 1936—Wales

Pico De Las Nieves—Canary Islands

Pitcairn Astrological—1967

Provisional S. Chilean 1963

AIRY

AIRY

AIRY

AIRY

AIRY

INTL

INTL

INTL

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

CL1866

GRS80

Provisional S. American 1956—mean value

Provisional S. American 1956—Bolivia

Provisional S. American 1956—N. Chile

Provisional S. American 1956—S. Chile

Provisional S. American 1956—Columbia

Provisional S. American 1956—Ecuador

Provisional S. American 1956—Guyana

Provisional S. American 1956—Peru

Provisional S. American 1956—Venezuela

Puerto Rico

Qatar National

Qornoq (Greenland)

Reunion (Indian Ocean)

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

CL1866

INTL

INTL

INTL

375

371

371

384

370

-307

185

16

-425

-130

61

89

45

65

56

-346

-7

0

-7

0

-9

11

-12

0

-4

1

-10

-7

-22

-9

4

-288

-270

-270

-305

-282

-278

-298

-279

-295

11

-128

164

94

delta y

-111

-112

-111

-111

-108

-92

165

196

-169

110

-285

-279

-290

-290

-284

-1

139

125

152

125

152

114

130

0

154

140

158

162

160

157

159

175

188

183

243

169

171

159

175

173

72

-283

138

-948

delta z

431

434

434

425

434

127

42

93

81

-13

-181

-183

-172

-190

-181

224

181

201

178

194

178

195

190

0

178

165

187

188

190

184

188

-376

-388

-390

-442

-371

-367

-369

-379

-371

-101

22

-189

-1262

170



Northstar 6000i


Datum ID

SA69_TT

SA69_VZ

SASIA

SEBAS

SWBAS

TIMB

TOK_MN

TOK_JP

TOK_KR

TOK_OK

TA68

VL16

WE60

WGS72

WGS84

ZAND

ROME

SDOS

SBRAZ

SHILL

SCHW

SA69_MN

SA69_AG

SA69_BO

SA69_BR

SA69_CH

SA69_CO

SA69_EC

SA69_GY

SA69_PA

SA69_PR


Rome 1940

Santo (DOS) (S.W. Pacific Isl.)

Sao Braz (Atl. Isl.)

Sapper Hill 1943

Schwarzeck (Namibia)

South American 1969—mean value

South American 1969—Argentina

South American 1969—Bolivia

South American 1969—Brazil

South American 1969—Chile

South American 1969—Colombia

South American 1969—Ecuador

South American 1969—Guyana

South American 1969—Paraguay

South American 1969—Peru

South American 1969—Trinidad and Tobago

South American 1969—Venezuela

South Asia

Southeast Base

SA1969

SA1969

FS1960M

INTL

Southwest Base

Timbalai 1948 (Malaysia)

INTL

EVRST

Tokyo mean value B1841

Tokyo—Japan B1841

Tokyo—Korea B1841

Tokyo—Okinawa B1841

Tristan Astrological 1968 (S. Atl.)

Viti Levu 1916 (S.W. Pac. Isl.)

INTL

CL1880

Wake-Eniwetok 1960

WGS 1972

WGS 1984

Zanderij (S. America)

HOUGH

WGS-72

WGS

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

INTL

B1841N

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

SA1969

-128

-135

-632

51

101

0

0

-265

-45

-45

7

-499

-104

-689

-128

-123

-61

-60

-75

-44

-48

-53

-61

-58

-225

170

-203

-355

616

-57

-62

delta y

481

478

438

391

52

0

0

120

12

8

-10

-249

167

691

481

483

2

0

3

3

2

-2

-1

6

-65

42

141

16

97

1

-1

delta z

665

661

-609

-36

-39

4.5

0

-358

-33

-33

-26

314

-38

-46

664

662

-48

-41

-44

-36

-44

-47

-33

-44

9

84

53

74

-251

-41

-37



171

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172

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Operator’s Manual Revision D

173

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174

Northstar 6000i

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175

Notes:

176

Northstar 6000i

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178

Northstar 6000i

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180

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