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DIGITAL CAMERA Reference Manual • Read this manual thoroughly before using the camera. • To ensure proper use of the camera, be sure to read “For Your Safety” (page xi). • After reading this manual, keep it in a readily accessible place for future reference. En Your images. The world. Connected Welcome to SnapBridge — Nikon’s new family of services to enrich your image experience. SnapBridge eliminates the barrier between your camera and compatible smart device, through a combination of Bluetooth® low energy (BLE) technology and a dedicated app. The stories you capture with your Nikon camera and lenses are automatically transferred to the device as they are taken. They can even be uploaded effortlessly to cloud storage services, inviting access across all your devices. You can share your excitement, when and where you want. Download the SnapBridge app to get started! Take advantage of the wide-ranging convenience by downloading the SnapBridge app onto your smart device now. Through a few simple steps, this app connects your Nikon cameras with a compatible iPhone®, iPad® and/or iPod touch® or smart devices running on the Android™ operating system. SnapBridge is available free of charge from the Apple App Store®, on Google Play™, and from the following website: http://snapbridge.nikon.com For the latest information on SnapBridge, visit the Nikon website for your area (0 xix). D3400 Model Name: N1510 The exciting image experience that SnapBridge offers… Automatic picture transfer from camera to smart device thanks to the constant connection between the two devices — making online photo sharing easier than ever Upload of photos and thumbnail images to the NIKON IMAGE SPACE cloud service A range of services that enriches your imaging life, including: • Imprinting up to two pieces of credit information (e.g. copyright, comments, text and logos) on pictures • Automatic update of camera’s date and time info and location info • Receive camera’s firmware updates i To get the most from your camera, please be sure to read all instructions thoroughly and keep them where they will be read by all who use the product. Symbols and Conventions To make it easier to find the information you need, the following symbols and conventions are used: D This icon marks cautions; information that should be read before use to prevent damage to the camera. A This icon marks notes; information that should be read before using the camera. 0 This icon marks references to other pages in this manual. Menu items, options, and messages displayed in the camera monitor are shown in bold. Camera Settings The explanations in this manual assume that default settings are used. Nikon Manual Viewer 2 Install the Nikon Manual Viewer 2 app on your smartphone or tablet to view Nikon digital camera manuals, anytime, anywhere. Nikon Manual Viewer 2 can be downloaded free of charge from the App Store and on Google Play. Download of the app and any product manuals requires an Internet connection, for which fees may be levied by your phone or Internet service provider. A For Your Safety Before using the camera for the first time, read the safety instructions in “For Your Safety” (0 xi–xiv). ii Table of Contents For Your Safety ............................................................................ xi Notices.......................................................................................... xv Bluetooth ..................................................................................... xx Introduction 1 Getting to Know the Camera ..................................................... 1 The Camera Body................................................................................... 1 The Viewfinder........................................................................................ 4 The Mode Dial......................................................................................... 5 The R (Info) Button .............................................................................. 6 The P Button......................................................................................... 11 First Steps Attach the Camera Strap.................................................................. Charge the Battery ............................................................................. Insert the Battery and a Memory Card........................................ Attach a Lens........................................................................................ Camera Setup....................................................................................... Focus the Viewfinder......................................................................... Tutorial 12 12 12 13 15 18 26 27 Camera Menus: An Overview................................................... 27 Using Camera Menus ........................................................................ 28 The Battery Level and Number of Exposures Remaining... 31 Basic Photography and Playback 32 “Point-and-Shoot” Modes (i and j) .................................... 32 Basic Playback............................................................................. 40 Deleting Unwanted Photographs ................................................ 41 iii Guide Mode 42 The Guide..................................................................................... 42 Guide Mode Menus ............................................................................ 43 Using the Guide ................................................................................... 46 Matching Settings to the Subject or Situation (Scene Mode) 48 k Portrait........................................................................................ 48 l Landscape ................................................................................. 49 p Child ............................................................................................ 49 m Sports .......................................................................................... 49 n Close up...................................................................................... 50 o Night Portrait............................................................................ 50 Special Effects 51 % Night Vision .............................................................................. 52 S Super Vivid................................................................................. 52 T Pop.............................................................................................. 52 U Photo Illustration .................................................................... 53 ' Toy Camera Effect................................................................... 53 ( Miniature Effect....................................................................... 53 3 Selective Color......................................................................... 54 1 Silhouette .................................................................................. 54 2 High Key..................................................................................... 54 3 Low Key ...................................................................................... 55 Options Available in Live View ....................................................... 56 More on Photography 62 Choosing a Release Mode......................................................... 62 Continuous Shooting (Burst Mode) ........................................ 63 Quiet Shutter Release ................................................................ 65 Self-Timer Mode ......................................................................... 66 iv Focus............................................................................................. Focus Mode .......................................................................................... AF-Area Mode ...................................................................................... Focus Lock............................................................................................. Manual Focus ....................................................................................... Image Quality and Size ............................................................. Image Quality....................................................................................... Image Size ............................................................................................. Using the Built-in Flash ............................................................. Auto Pop-up Modes........................................................................... Manual Pop-up Modes ..................................................................... ISO Sensitivity ............................................................................. Remote Control Photography ................................................. Using an Optional ML-L3 Remote Control ................................ P, S, A, and M Modes 69 69 74 79 81 84 84 86 87 87 89 93 95 95 98 Shutter Speed and Aperture.................................................... 98 Mode P (Programmed Auto) .......................................................... 99 Mode S (Shutter-Priority Auto) .................................................... 101 Mode A (Aperture-Priority Auto) ................................................ 103 Mode M (Manual) ............................................................................. 105 Long Time-Exposures (M Mode Only)....................................... 107 Exposure .................................................................................... 111 Metering............................................................................................... 111 Autoexposure Lock .......................................................................... 113 Exposure Compensation................................................................ 115 Flash Compensation........................................................................ 117 Preserving Detail in Highlights and Shadows .................... 119 Active D-Lighting.............................................................................. 119 v White Balance........................................................................... 121 Fine-Tuning White Balance .......................................................... 124 Preset Manual.................................................................................... 126 Picture Controls ....................................................................... 132 Selecting a Picture Control ........................................................... 132 Modifying Picture Controls........................................................... 134 Recording and Viewing Movies 138 Recording Movies.................................................................... 138 Movie Settings................................................................................... 141 Viewing Movies........................................................................ 144 Editing Movies ......................................................................... 146 Trimming Movies ............................................................................. 146 Saving Selected Frames................................................................. 150 Playback and Deletion 152 Full-Frame Playback................................................................ 152 Thumbnail Playback........................................................................ 153 Calendar Playback............................................................................ 154 The P Button ...................................................................................... 155 Photo Information................................................................... 156 Taking a Closer Look: Playback Zoom................................. 165 Protecting Photographs from Deletion .............................. 168 Rating Pictures ......................................................................... 169 Rating Individual Pictures ............................................................. 169 Rating Multiple Pictures................................................................. 170 Deleting Photographs ............................................................ 171 During Playback................................................................................ 171 The Playback Menu ......................................................................... 172 Slide Shows............................................................................... 174 Slide Show Options ......................................................................... 176 vi Connections 177 Installing ViewNX-i................................................................... 177 Copying Pictures to the Computer ....................................... 178 Printing Photographs.............................................................. 181 Connecting the Printer ................................................................... 181 Printing Pictures One at a Time ................................................... 182 Printing Multiple Pictures .............................................................. 183 Viewing Pictures on TV ........................................................... 184 Camera Menus 186 D The Playback Menu: Managing Images................................. 186 Playback Menu Options ................................................................. 186 Playback Folder.......................................................................... 187 Playback Display Options....................................................... 187 Image Review ............................................................................. 188 Auto Image Rotation................................................................ 188 Rotate Tall .................................................................................... 189 Select to Send to Smart Device............................................ 189 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options ................................. 190 Shooting Menu Options................................................................. 190 Reset Shooting Menu .............................................................. 192 ISO Sensitivity Settings............................................................ 192 Color Space.................................................................................. 194 Noise Reduction......................................................................... 195 Vignette Control ........................................................................ 195 Auto Distortion Control .......................................................... 196 Built-in AF-assist Illuminator ................................................. 196 Flash Cntrl for Built-in Flash/Optional Flash.................... 197 Optical VR..................................................................................... 198 vii B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup .............................................. 199 Setup Menu Options....................................................................... 199 Reset Setup Options ................................................................ 201 Format Memory Card .............................................................. 201 Date Stamp ................................................................................. 202 Time Zone and Date ................................................................ 205 Language..................................................................................... 205 Monitor Brightness................................................................... 205 Info Display Format.................................................................. 206 Auto Info Display ...................................................................... 206 Auto off Timers .......................................................................... 207 Self-Timer..................................................................................... 208 Remote on Duration (ML-L3)................................................ 208 Image Dust Off Ref Photo ...................................................... 209 Image Comment ....................................................................... 211 Copyright Information............................................................ 212 Beep............................................................................................... 213 Flicker Reduction ...................................................................... 213 Buttons ......................................................................................... 214 Rangefinder ................................................................................ 216 Manual Focus Ring in AF Mode ........................................... 217 File Number Sequence ........................................................... 218 Storage Folder ........................................................................... 219 File Naming................................................................................. 221 Location Data ............................................................................. 221 Airplane Mode ........................................................................... 222 Connect to Smart Device ....................................................... 222 Send to Smart Device (Auto) ................................................ 223 Bluetooth..................................................................................... 223 Eye-Fi Upload ............................................................................. 224 Conformity Marking................................................................. 225 Slot Empty Release Lock......................................................... 226 Reset All Settings ...................................................................... 226 Firmware Version...................................................................... 226 viii N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies....................... 227 Retouch Menu Options .................................................................. 227 Creating Retouched Copies .......................................................... 228 NEF (RAW) Processing ............................................................. 230 Trim ................................................................................................ 232 Resize............................................................................................. 233 D-Lighting.................................................................................... 235 Quick Retouch ............................................................................ 236 Red-Eye Correction................................................................... 236 Straighten .................................................................................... 237 Distortion Control ..................................................................... 237 Perspective Control .................................................................. 238 Fisheye .......................................................................................... 238 Filter Effects................................................................................. 239 Monochrome .............................................................................. 240 Image Overlay ............................................................................ 241 Color Outline............................................................................... 243 Photo Illustration....................................................................... 244 Color Sketch ................................................................................ 244 Miniature Effect.......................................................................... 245 Selective Color............................................................................ 246 Painting......................................................................................... 248 Side-by-side Comparison ....................................................... 249 m Recent Settings .................................................................... 251 Technical Notes 252 Compatible Lenses................................................................... 252 Compatible CPU Lenses ................................................................. 252 Compatible Non-CPU Lenses ....................................................... 254 The Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS).......................... 262 Other Accessories..................................................................... 267 Attaching a Power Connector and AC Adapter..................... 270 ix Caring for the Camera ............................................................ 272 Storage................................................................................................. 272 Cleaning............................................................................................... 272 Image Sensor Cleaning .................................................................. 273 Caring for the Camera and Battery: Cautions .................... 276 Available Settings.................................................................... 281 Troubleshooting...................................................................... 282 Battery/Display.................................................................................. 282 Shooting (All Modes) ...................................................................... 283 Shooting (P, S, A, M)....................................................................... 287 Playback............................................................................................... 288 Bluetooth ............................................................................................ 289 Miscellaneous.................................................................................... 289 Error Messages......................................................................... 290 Specifications ........................................................................... 295 AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR and AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G Lenses ............. 306 AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR and AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED Lenses..... 312 AF-S DX NIKKOR 55–200mm f/4–5.6G ED VR II Lenses..... 317 Memory Card Capacity ........................................................... 323 Battery Life................................................................................ 324 Index .......................................................................................... 326 x For Your Safety To prevent damage to property or injury to yourself or to others, read “For Your Safety” in its entirety before using this product. Keep these safety instructions where all those who use this product will read them. DANGER: Failure to observe the precautions marked with this icon carries a high risk of death or severe injury. WARNING: Failure to observe the precautions marked with this icon could result in death or severe injury. CAUTION: Failure to observe the precautions marked with this icon could result in injury or property damage. WARNING • Do not use while walking or operating a motor vehicle. Failure to observe this precaution could result in accidents or other injury. • Do not disassemble or modify this product. Do not touch internal parts that become exposed as the result of a fall or other accident. Failure to observe these precautions could result in electric shock or other injury. • Should you notice any abnormalities such as the product producing smoke, heat, or unusual odors, immediately disconnect the battery or power source. Continued operation could result in fire, burns or other injury. • Keep dry. Do not handle with wet hands. Do not handle the plug with wet hands. Failure to observe these precautions could result in fire or electric shock. • Do not let your skin remain in prolonged contact with this product while it is on or plugged in. Failure to observe this precaution could result in low-temperature burns. • Do not use this product in the presence of flammable dust or gas such as propane, gasoline or aerosols. Failure to observe this precaution could result in explosion or fire. xi • Do not directly view the sun or other bright light source through the lens or camera. Failure to observe this precaution could result in visual impairment. • Do not aim the flash or AF-assist illuminator at the operator of a motor vehicle. Failure to observe this precaution could result in accidents. • Keep this product out of reach of children. Failure to observe this precaution could result in injury or product malfunction. In addition, note that small parts constitute a choking hazard. Should a child swallow any part of this product, seek immediate medical attention. • Do not entangle, wrap or twist the straps around your neck. Failure to observe this precaution could result in accidents. • Do not use batteries, chargers, or AC adapters not specifically designated for use with this product. When using batteries, chargers, and AC adapters designated for use with this product, do not: - Damage, modify, forcibly tug or bend the cords or cables, place them under heavy objects, or expose them to heat or flame. - Use travel converters or adapters designed to convert from one voltage to another or with DC-to-AC inverters. Failure to observe these precautions could result in fire or electric shock. • Do not handle the plug when charging the product or using the AC adapter during thunderstorms. Failure to observe this precaution could result in electric shock. • Do not handle with bare hands in locations exposed to extremely high or low temperatures. Failure to observe this precaution could result in burns, or frostbite. CAUTION • Do not leave the lens pointed at the sun or other strong light sources. Light focused by the lens could cause fire or damage to product’s internal parts. When shooting backlit subjects, keep the sun well out of the frame. Sunlight focused into the camera when the sun is close to the frame could cause fire. xii • Turn this product off when its use is prohibited. Disable wireless features when the use of wireless equipment is prohibited. The radio-frequency emissions produced by this product could interfere with equipment onboard aircraft or in hospitals or other medical facilities. • Remove the battery and disconnect the AC adapter if this product will not be used for an extended period. Failure to observe this precaution could result in fire or product malfunction. • Do not touch moving parts of the lens or other moving parts. Failure to observe this precaution could result in injury. • Do not fire the flash in contact with or in close proximity to the skin or objects. Failure to observe this precaution could result in burns or fire. • Do not leave the product where it will be exposed to extremely high temperatures, for an extended period such as in an enclosed automobile or in direct sunlight. Failure to observe this precaution could result in fire or product malfunction. DANGER (Batteries) • Do not mishandle batteries. Failure to observe the following precautions could result in the batteries leaking, overheating, rupturing, or catching fire: - Use only rechargeable batteries approved for use in this product. - Do not expose batteries to flame or excessive heat. - Do not disassemble. - Do not short-circuit the terminals by touching them to necklaces, hairpins, or other metal objects. - Do not expose batteries or the products in which they are inserted to powerful physical shocks. • Do not attempt to recharge EN-EL14a rechargeable batteries using chargers not specifically designated for this purpose. Failure to observe this precaution could result in the batteries leaking, overheating, rupturing, or catching fire. • If battery liquid comes into contact with the eyes, rinse with plenty of clean water and seek immediate medical attention. Delaying action could result in eye injuries. xiii WARNING (Batteries) • Keep batteries out of reach of children. Should a child swallow a battery, seek immediate medical attention. • Do not immerse batteries in water or expose to rain. Failure to observe this precaution could result in fire or product malfunction. Immediately dry the product with a towel or similar object should it become wet. • Discontinue use immediately should you notice any changes in the batteries, such as discoloration or deformation. Cease charging EN-EL14a rechargeable batteries if they do not charge in the specified period of time. Failure to observe these precautions could result in the batteries leaking, overheating, rupturing, or catching fire. • Prior to disposal, insulate battery terminals with tape. Overheating, rupture, or fire may result should metal objects come into contact with the terminals. Recycle or dispose of batteries in accord with local regulations. • If battery liquid comes into contact with a person's skin or clothing, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of clean water. Failure to observe this precaution could result in skin irritation. xiv Notices • No part of the manuals included • Nikon will not be held liable for any with this product may be damages resulting from the use of reproduced, transmitted, this product. transcribed, stored in a retrieval • While every effort has been made to system, or translated into any ensure that the information in these language in any form, by any means, manuals is accurate and complete, without Nikon’s prior written we would appreciate it were you to permission. bring any errors or omissions to the • Nikon reserves the right to change attention of the Nikon the appearance and specifications representative in your area (address of the hardware and software provided separately). described in these manuals at any time and without prior notice. Notice for Customers in Canada CAN ICES-3 B / NMB-3 B Notices for Customers in Europe CAUTION: RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS. This symbol indicates that electrical and electronic equipment is to be collected separately. This symbol on the battery indicates that the battery is to be collected separately. The following apply only to users in European countries: • This product is designated for separate collection at an appropriate collection point. Do not dispose of as household waste. • Separate collection and recycling helps conserve natural resources and prevent negative consequences for human health and the environment that might result from incorrect disposal. • For more information, contact the retailer or the local authorities in charge of waste management. The following apply only to users in European countries: • All batteries, whether marked with this symbol or not, are designated for separate collection at an appropriate collection point. Do not dispose of as household waste. • For more information, contact the retailer or the local authorities in charge of waste management. xv Notices for Customers in the U.S.A. The Battery Charger IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS—SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS DANGER—TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, CAREFULLY FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS For connection to a supply not in the U.S.A., use an attachment plug adapter of the proper configuration for the power outlet if needed. This power unit is intended to be correctly oriented in a vertical or floor mount position. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 D3400 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable CAUTIONS protection against harmful interference Modifications in a residential installation. This The FCC requires the user be notified equipment generates, uses, and can that any changes or modifications radiate radio frequency energy and, if made to this device that are not not installed and used in accordance expressly approved by Nikon with the instructions, may cause harmful Corporation may void the user’s interference to radio communications. authority to operate the equipment. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular Interface Cables Use the interface cables sold or installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or provided by Nikon for your equipment. Using other interface television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment cables may exceed the limits of Class off and on, the user is encouraged to try B Part 15 of the FCC rules. to correct the interference by one or Notice for Customers in the State of more of the following measures: California • Reorient or relocate the receiving WARNING: Handling the cord on this antenna. product may expose you to lead, a • Increase the separation between the chemical known to the State of equipment and receiver. California to cause birth defects or • Connect the equipment into an other reproductive harm. Wash hands outlet on a circuit different from that after handling. to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced Nikon Inc., 1300 Walt Whitman Road, radio/television technician for help. Melville, New York 11747-3064, U.S.A. Tel.: 631-547-4200 xvi Notice Concerning Prohibition of Copying or Reproduction Note that simply being in possession of material that has been digitally copied or reproduced by means of a scanner, digital camera, or other device may be punishable by law. • Items prohibited by law from being copied • Cautions on certain copies and reproductions or reproduced The government has issued cautions Do not copy or reproduce paper on copies or reproductions of money, coins, securities, government bonds, or local securities issued by private companies (shares, bills, checks, gift government bonds, even if such certificates, etc.), commuter passes, copies or reproductions are or coupon tickets, except when a stamped “Sample.” minimum of necessary copies are to The copying or reproduction of be provided for business use by a paper money, coins, or securities company. Also, do not copy or which are circulated in a foreign reproduce passports issued by the country is prohibited. government, licenses issued by Unless the prior permission of the public agencies and private groups, government has been obtained, the ID cards, and tickets, such as passes copying or reproduction of unused and meal coupons. postage stamps or post cards issued • Comply with copyright notices by the government is prohibited. Under copyright law, photographs The copying or reproduction of or recordings of copyrighted works stamps issued by the government made with the camera can not be and of certified documents used without the permission of the stipulated by law is prohibited. copyright holder. Exceptions apply to personal use, but note that even personal use may be restricted in the case of photographs or recordings of exhibits or live performances. xvii Disposing of Data Storage Devices Please note that deleting images or formatting memory cards or other data storage devices does not completely erase the original image data. Deleted files can sometimes be recovered from discarded storage devices using commercially available software, potentially resulting in the malicious use of personal image data. Ensuring the privacy of such data is the user’s responsibility. Before discarding a data storage device or transferring ownership to another person, erase all data using commercial deletion software, or format the device and then completely refill it with images containing no private information (for example, pictures of empty sky). Care should be taken to avoid injury when physically destroying data storage devices. Before discarding the camera or transferring ownership to another person, you should also use the Reset all settings option in the camera setup menu to delete any personal network information. AVC Patent Portfolio License THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR THE PERSONAL AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE OF A CONSUMER TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC STANDARD (“AVC VIDEO”) AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL AND NON-COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE http://www.mpegla.com Use Only Nikon Brand Electronic Accessories Nikon cameras are designed to the highest standards and include complex electronic circuitry. Only Nikon brand electronic accessories (including chargers, batteries, AC adapters, and flash accessories) certified by Nikon specifically for use with this Nikon digital camera are engineered and proven to operate within the operational and safety requirements of this electronic circuitry. The use of non-Nikon electronic accessories could damage the camera and may void your Nikon warranty. The use of third-party rechargeable Li-ion batteries not bearing the Nikon holographic seal shown at right could interfere with normal operation of the camera or result in the batteries overheating, igniting, rupturing, or leaking. For more information about Nikon brand accessories, contact a local authorized Nikon dealer. xviii D Use Only Nikon Brand Accessories Only Nikon brand accessories certified by Nikon specifically for use with your Nikon digital camera are engineered and proven to operate within its operational and safety requirements. THE USE OF NON-NIKON ACCESSORIES COULD DAMAGE YOUR CAMERA AND MAY VOID YOUR NIKON WARRANTY. A Before Taking Important Pictures Before taking pictures on important occasions (such as at weddings or before taking the camera on a trip), take a test shot to ensure that the camera is functioning normally. Nikon will not be held liable for damages or lost profits that may result from product malfunction. A Life-Long Learning As part of Nikon’s “Life-Long Learning” commitment to ongoing product support and education, continually-updated information is available online at the following sites: • For users in the U.S.A.: http://www.nikonusa.com/ • For users in Europe and Africa: http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/ • For users in Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East: http://www.nikon-asia.com/ Visit these sites to keep up-to-date with the latest product information, tips, answers to frequently-asked questions (FAQs), and general advice on digital imaging and photography. Additional information may be available from the Nikon representative in your area. See the following URL for contact information: http://imaging.nikon.com/ xix Bluetooth This product is controlled by the United States Export Administration Regulations (EAR). The permission of the United States government is not required for export to countries other than the following, which as of this writing are subject to embargo or special controls: Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria (list subject to change). The use of wireless devices may be prohibited in some countries or regions. Contact a Nikon-authorized service representative before using the wireless features of this product outside the country of purchase. Notice for Customers in the U.S.A. and Canada This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules and Industry Canada licenceexempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. FCC WARNING The FCC requires the user to be notified that any changes or modifications made to this device that are not expressly approved by Nikon Corporation may void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. FCC Radio Frequency Interference Statement Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Co-location This transmitter must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Nikon Inc., 1300 Walt Whitman Road, Melville, New York 11747-3064, U.S.A. Tel.: 631-547-4200 xx FCC/IC RF Exposure Statement The available scientific evidence does not show that any health problems are associated with using low power wireless devices. There is no proof, however, that these low power wireless devices are absolutely safe. Low power wireless devices emit low levels of radio frequency energy (RF) in the microwave range while being used. Whereas high levels of RF can produce health effects (by heating tissue), exposure of low-level RF that does not produce heating effects causes no known adverse health effects. Many studies of low-level RF exposures have not found any biological effects. Some studies have suggested that some biological effects might occur, but such findings have not been confirmed by additional research. The D3400, which is equipped with a TYPE1FJ (FCC ID:VPYLB1FJ / IC ID:772C-LB1FJ), has been tested and found to comply with FCC/IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment and meets the FCC radio frequency (RF) Exposure Guidelines in Supplement C to OET65 and RSS-102 of the IC radio frequency (RF) Exposure rules. Please refer to the SAR test report that was uploaded to FCC website. Notices for Customers in Europe Hereby, Nikon Corporation declares that the radio equipment type D3400 is in compliance with Directive 2014/53/EU. The full text of the EU declaration of conformity is available at the following internet address: http://imaging.nikon.com/support/pdf/DoC_D3400.pdf. Notice for Customers in Singapore Trade Name: Model: D3400 This device complies with radio-frequency regulations. The content of certification labels not affixed to the device is given below. Complies with IDA Standards DA103423 xxi Security Although one of the benefits of this product is that it allows others to freely connect for the wireless exchange of data anywhere within its range, the following may occur if security is not enabled: • Data theft: Malicious third-parties may intercept wireless transmissions to steal user IDs, passwords, and other personal information. • Unauthorized access: Unauthorized users may gain access to the network and alter data or perform other malicious actions. Note that due to the design of wireless networks, specialized attacks may allow unauthorized access even when security is enabled. • Unsecured networks: Connecting to open networks may result in unauthorized access. Use secure networks only. xxii Introduction Getting to Know the Camera Take a few moments to familiarize yourself with camera controls and displays. You may find it helpful to bookmark this section and refer to it as you read through the rest of the manual. The Camera Body 1 6 12 11 10 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Movie-record button ................ 139 8 Command dial 2 Power switch.................................. 19 9 Mode dial...........................................5 3 Shutter-release button...........35, 36 10 A/L button .....80, 113, 168, 215 4 E/N button...............106, 116, 117 11 Accessory shoe (for optional flash units) ................................... 262, 268 5 R (information) button...... 6, 8, 143 6 Eyelets for camera strap.............. 12 12 Focal plane mark (E) .................. 82 7 Speaker D The Speaker Do not place the speaker in close proximity to magnetic devices. Failure to observe this precaution could affect the data recorded on the magnetic devices. Introduction 1 2 1 3 4 14 9 5 13 6 10 11 12 1 AF-assist illuminator ............73, 196 9 Self-timer lamp ..............................67 Red-eye reduction lamp .......88, 90 10 2 Built-in flash....................................87 11 15 7 8 Infrared receiver for ML-L3 remote control.............................................96 CPU contacts Mirror............................................. 274 3 M/ Y button..................87, 89, 117 12 Lens mount.............................. 15, 82 4 Microphone ........................ 139, 141 13 Body cap.................................15, 268 5 Connector cover 14 USB connector ................... 178, 181 6 Fn button ...................................... 214 15 HDMI connector ......................... 184 7 Lens release button.......................16 8 Mounting mark ..............................15 D Close the Connector Cover Close the connector cover when the connectors are not in use. Foreign matter in the connectors can interfere with data transfer. 2 Introduction 2 1 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 4 5 6 7 8 19 16 18 20 21 15 17 1 Rubber eyecup .............................. 68 13 O button ................................ 41, 171 2 Viewfinder eyepiece.......... 4, 26, 68 14 Memory card access lamp ...................................................14, 36 3 Diopter adjustment control ....... 26 4 K button............................... 40, 152 15 Battery-chamber cover latch ...................................................13, 14 5 G button........................... 27, 186 16 Battery-chamber cover .........13, 14 6 X button .......................................165 17 I/E/# button....62, 63, 65, 66, 95 7 W/Q button................ 28, 153, 165 18 Tripod socket 8 P button................................. 11, 155 19 Monitor ...............6, 32, 40, 138, 152 9 a button............................... 32, 138 20 Battery latch.............................13, 14 10 J (OK) button............................... 28 21 Power connector cover for 11 Multi selector ................................. 28 optional power connector ...... 270 12 Memory card slot cover.........13, 14 Introduction 3 The Viewfinder 1 Focus points................26, 34, 74, 76 2 Focus indicator........................35, 82 9 “k” (appears when memory remains for over 1000 exposures) ..........................................................31 3 Autoexposure (AE) lock indicator ....................................................... 113 10 Flash-ready indicator....................38 4 Shutter speed ...............98, 101, 105 11 Flexible program indicator....... 100 5 Aperture (f-number)...98, 103, 105 12 Exposure indicator ..................... 106 Exposure compensation display 6 Special effects mode indicator...51 ....................................................... 115 7 Low battery warning ....................31 Electronic rangefinder............... 216 8 Number of exposures remaining 13 Flash compensation indicator ..........................................................31 ....................................................... 117 Number of shots remaining before 14 Exposure compensation indicator memory buffer fills ......................64 ....................................................... 115 White balance recording indicator 15 Auto ISO sensitivity indicator .............................................. 126, 127 ....................................................... 193 Exposure compensation value ....................................................... 115 16 Warning indicator....................... 290 Flash compensation value........ 117 ISO sensitivity ........................93, 192 Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes. 4 Introduction The Mode Dial The camera offers a choice of the following shooting modes and g mode: P, S, A, and M Modes • P—Programmed auto (0 99) • S—Shutter-priority auto (0 101) • A—Aperture-priority auto (0 103) • M—Manual (0 105) Special Effects Modes (0 51) g Mode (0 42) Auto Modes • i Auto (0 32) • j Auto (flash off) (0 32) Scene Modes • k Portrait (0 48) • l Landscape (0 49) • p Child (0 49) • m Sports (0 49) • n Close up (0 50) • o Night portrait (0 50) Introduction 5 The R (Info) Button Press the R button to view the information display or cycle through display options. ❚❚ Viewfinder Photography To view shutter speed, aperture, the number of exposures remaining, AF-area mode, and other shooting information in the monitor, press the R button. R button 1 Shooting mode i auto/ j auto (flash off).....................32 Scene modes ............................48 Special effects mode ..............51 P, S, A, and M modes................98 2 Eye-Fi connection indicator ..... 224 3 Bluetooth connection indicator ................................20, 223 Airplane mode ............................ 222 6 Introduction 4 Vignette control indicator........ 195 5 Date stamp indicator................. 202 6 Vibration reduction indicator.....17 7 Flash control indicator .............. 197 Flash compensation indicator for optional flash units................... 265 8 Release mode.................................62 9 “Beep” indicator.......................... 213 10 Aperture (f-number) 16 Number of exposures remaining ....................................... 98, 103, 105 ......................................................... 31 Aperture display ................104, 106 White balance recording indicator ....................................................... 126 11 Shutter speed .............. 98, 101, 105 Shutter-speed display.......102, 106 17 “k” (appears when memory remains for over 1000 exposures) ......................................................... 31 12 Autoexposure (AE) lock indicator .......................................................113 13 AF-area mode indicator .............. 74 18 Exposure indicator ..................... 106 Exposure compensation indicator Focus point..................................... 76 ....................................................... 115 14 Battery indicator ........................... 31 19 Help icon....................................... 290 15 ISO sensitivity ................................ 93 ISO sensitivity display ......... 93, 194 Auto ISO sensitivity indicator .......................................................193 Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes. A Turning the Monitor Off To clear shooting information from the monitor, press the R button or press the shutter-release button halfway. The monitor will turn off automatically if no operations are performed for about 8 seconds (for information on choosing how long the monitor stays on, see Auto off timers on page 207). Introduction 7 ❚❚ Live View and Movie Mode To start live view, press the a button during viewfinder photography. You can then press the R button to cycle through display options as shown below. a button R button Show photo indicators Show movie indicators (0 138, 143) * Framing grid* Hide indicators* * A crop showing the area recorded is displayed during movie recording; circled areas indicate the edges of the movie frame crop (the area outside the movie frame crop is grayed out when movie indicators are displayed). 8 Introduction The Live View Display Description 0 The mode currently selected with the 32, 48, q Shooting mode mode dial. 51, 98 Manual movie Displayed when On is selected for Manual w 142 settings indicator movie settings in mode M. The amount of time remaining before live 10 e Time remaining view ends automatically. Displayed if shooting will end in 30 s or less. Displayed when On is selected for Movie Wind noise r settings > Wind noise reduction in the 142 reduction shooting menu. Microphone Microphone sensitivity for movie t 141 sensitivity recording. Sound level for audio recording. Displayed in red if level is too high; adjust 141 y Sound level microphone sensitivity accordingly. The frame size of movies recorded in movie u Movie frame size 141 mode. i Focus mode The current focus mode. 70 o AF-area mode The current AF-area mode. 75 Item Introduction 9 Item Time remaining !0 (movie mode) !1 “No movie” icon !2 Focus point !3 Exposure indicator Description The recording time remaining in movie mode. Indicates that movies can not be recorded. The current focus point. The display varies with the option selected for AF-area mode (0 75). Indicates whether the photograph would be under- or over-exposed at current settings (mode M only). 0 139 — 75 106 Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes. D The Count Down Display A count down will be displayed 30 s before live view ends automatically (0 9); the timer turns red 5 s before the auto off timer expires (0 207) or if live view is about to end to protect the internal circuits. Depending on shooting conditions, the timer may appear immediately when live view is selected. Movie recording will end automatically when the timer expires, regardless of the amount of recording time available. 10 Introduction The P Button To change the settings at the bottom of the information display, press the P button, then highlight items using the multi selector and press J to view options for the highlighted item. You can also change settings by pressing the P P button button during live view. • Image quality (0 84) • Image size (0 86) • White balance (0 121) • Active D-Lighting (0 119) • Flash mode (0 88, 90) • ISO sensitivity (0 93) • Focus mode (0 69) • AF-area mode (0 74) • Metering (0 111) • Set Picture Control (0 132) • Flash compensation (0 117) • Exposure compensation (0 115) Introduction 11 First Steps Attach the Camera Strap Attach the strap securely to the two camera eyelets. Charge the Battery If a plug adapter is supplied, raise the wall plug and connect the plug adapter as shown below at left, making sure the plug is fully inserted. Insert the battery and plug the charger in. An exhausted battery will fully charge in about an hour and 50 minutes. Battery charging Charging complete D The Battery and Charger Read and follow the warnings and cautions on pages xi–xiv and 276–280 of this manual. 12 First Steps Insert the Battery and a Memory Card Before inserting or removing the battery or memory cards, confirm that power switch is in the OFF position. Insert the battery as shown, using the battery to keep the orange battery latch pressed to one side. The latch locks the battery in place when the battery is fully inserted. Battery latch Holding the memory card in the orientation shown, slide it in until it clicks into place. A The Clock Battery The camera clock is powered by an independent, rechargeable power source, which is charged as necessary when the main battery is installed. Three days of charging will power the clock for about a month. If a message warning that the clock is not set is displayed when the camera is turned on, the clock battery is exhausted and the clock has been reset. Set the clock to the correct time and date. First Steps 13 ❚❚ Removing the Battery and Memory Cards Removing the Battery To remove the battery, turn the camera off and open the battery-chamber cover. Press the battery latch in the direction shown by the arrow to release the battery and then remove the battery by hand. Removing Memory Cards After confirming that the memory card access lamp is off, turn the camera off, open the memory card slot cover, and press the card in to eject it (q). The card can then be removed by hand (w). D Memory Cards • Memory cards may be hot after use. Observe due caution when removing memory cards from the camera. • Do not remove memory cards from the camera, turn the camera off, or remove or disconnect the power source during formatting or while data are being recorded, deleted, or copied to a computer. Failure to observe these precautions could result in loss of data or in damage to the camera or card. • Do not touch the card terminals with your fingers or metal objects. • Do not bend, drop, or subject to strong physical shocks. • Do not apply force to the card casing. Failure to observe this precaution could damage the card. • Do not expose to water, heat, high levels of humidity, or direct sunlight. • Do not format memory cards in a computer. 14 First Steps Attach a Lens Be careful to prevent dust from entering the camera when the lens or body cap is removed. The lens generally used in this manual for illustrative purposes is an AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR. Remove the camera body cap Remove the rear lens cap Mounting mark (camera) Align the mounting marks Mounting mark (lens) Rotate the lens as shown until it clicks into place. Be sure to remove the lens cap before taking pictures. First Steps 15 A Lenses with Retractable Lens Barrel Buttons Before using the camera, unlock and extend the lens. Keeping the retractable lens barrel button pressed (q), rotate the zoom ring as shown (w). Retractable lens barrel button Pictures can not be taken when the lens is retracted; if an error message is displayed as a result of the camera having been turned on with the lens retracted, rotate the zoom ring until the message is no longer displayed. A Detaching the Lens Be sure the camera is off when removing or exchanging lenses. To remove the lens, press and hold the lens release button (q) while turning the lens clockwise (w). After removing the lens, replace the lens caps and camera body cap. 16 First Steps A Vibration Reduction (VR) Vibration reduction can be enabled by selecting On for Optical VR in the shooting menu (0 198), if the lens supports this option, or by sliding the lens vibration reduction switch to ON, if the lens is equipped with a vibration reduction switch. A vibration reduction indicator appears in the information display when vibration reduction is on. A Retracting Lenses with Retractable Lens Barrel Buttons To retract the lens when the camera is not in use, hold the retractable lens barrel button (q) and rotate the zoom ring to the “L” (lock) position as shown (w). Retract the lens before removing it from the camera, and be careful not to press the retractable lens barrel button when attaching or removing the lens. First Steps 17 Camera Setup ❚❚ Setup Using a Smartphone or Tablet Before proceeding, check the camera to ensure that the battery is fully charged and the memory card has space available. On your smartphone or tablet (below “smart device”), install the SnapBridge app as described inside the front cover and enable Bluetooth. Note that the actual connection to the camera will be made using the SnapBridge app; do not use Bluetooth settings in the settings app on your smart device. The instructions that follow refer to version 2.0 of the SnapBridge app; for information on the latest version, see the SnapBridge Connection Guide (pdf ), available for download from the following website: http://downloadcenter.nikonimglib.com 18 First Steps The actual camera and smart device displays may differ from those shown below. 1 Camera: Turn the camera on. A language-selection dialog will be displayed. Use the multi selector and J button to navigate the menus. Power switch 1 Up J button (select) 4 Left 2 Right 3 Down Multi selector Press 1 and 3 to highlight a language and press J to select. The language can be changed at any time using the Language option in the setup menu. First Steps 19 2 Camera: When the dialog at right is displayed, press J. If the dialog at right is not displayed or if you wish to configure the camera again, highlight Connect to smart device in the setup menu and press J. If you do not wish to use a smart device to configure the camera, set the clock manually (0 25). 3 Camera/smart device: Start pairing. The camera will wait for a connection; launch the SnapBridge app on the smart device and follow the on-screen instructions to tap the name of the camera you want to pair with. 4 Camera: Confirm that the camera displays the message shown at right and ready the smart device. 5 Smart device: Launch the SnapBridge app and tap Pair with camera. If prompted to choose a camera, tap the camera name. 20 First Steps 6 Smart device: Tap the camera name in the “Pair with camera” dialog. Users who are pairing a camera with an iOS device for the first time will first be presented with pairing instructions; after reading the instructions, scroll to the bottom of the display and tap Understood. If you are then prompted to choose an accessory, tap the camera name again (there may be some delay before the camera name is displayed). 7 Camera/smart device: Confirm that the camera and smart device display the same six-digit number. Some versions of iOS may not display a number; if no number displayed, proceed to Step 8. First Steps 21 8 Camera/smart device: Press J on the camera and tap PAIR on the smart device (the display varies with the device and operating system). 9 Camera/smart device: Complete pairing. • Camera: Press J when the message at right is displayed. • Smart device: Tap OK when the message at right is displayed. 22 First Steps 10 Camera: Follow the on-screen instructions to complete setup. • To allow the camera to add location data to photos, select Yes in response to “Download location data from smart device?” and then enable location services on the smart device and enable Auto link options > Synchronize location data in the SnapBridge app tab. • To synchronize the camera clock with the time provided by the smart device, select Yes in response to “Sync clock with smart device?” and then enable Auto link options > Synchronize clocks in the SnapBridge app tab. The smart device and camera are now connected. Any pictures you take with the camera will automatically be uploaded to the smart device. First Steps 23 ❚❚ Setup from the Camera Menus The camera clock can be set manually. 1 Turn the camera on. A language-selection dialog will be displayed. Use the multi selector and J button to navigate the menus. Power switch 1 Up J button (select) 4 Left 2 Right 3 Down Multi selector Press 1 and 3 to highlight a language and press J to select. The language can be changed at any time using the Language option in the setup menu. 24 First Steps 2 Press G when the dialog at right is displayed. G button 3 Set the camera clock. Use the multi selector and J button to set the camera clock. q w Select time zone e Select date format r Select daylight saving time option Set time and date (note that the camera uses a 24-hour clock) The clock can be adjusted at any time using the Time zone and date > Date and time option in the setup menu. First Steps 25 Focus the Viewfinder After removing the lens cap, rotate the diopter adjustment control until the focus points are in sharp focus. When operating the control with your eye to the viewfinder, be careful not to put your fingers or fingernails in your eye. Focus points Viewfinder not in focus 26 First Steps Viewfinder in focus Tutorial Camera Menus: An Overview Most shooting, playback, and setup options can be accessed from the camera menus. To view the menus, press the G button. G button Tabs Choose from the following menus: • D: Playback (0 186) • N: Retouch (0 227) • C: Shooting (0 190) • m: Recent settings (0 251) • B: Setup (0 199) Slider shows position in current menu. Current settings are shown by icons. Menu options Options in current menu. Help icon (0 28) Tutorial 27 Using Camera Menus The multi selector and J button are used to navigate the camera menus. 1: Move cursor up J button: select highlighted item 4: Cancel and return to previous menu 2: Select highlighted item or display sub-menu 3: Move cursor down A The d (Help) Icon If a d icon is displayed at the bottom left corner of the monitor, a description of the currently selected option or menu can be displayed by pressing the W (Q) button. Press 1 or 3 to scroll through the display. Press W (Q) again to return to the menus. W (Q) button 28 Tutorial ❚❚ Navigating the Menus Follow the steps below to navigate the menus. 1 Display the menus. Press the G button to display the menus. G button 2 Highlight the icon for the current menu. Press 4 to highlight the icon for the current menu. 3 Select a menu. Press 1 or 3 to select the desired menu. 4 Position the cursor in the selected menu. Press 2 to position the cursor in the selected menu. Tutorial 29 5 Highlight a menu item. Press 1 or 3 to highlight a menu item. 6 Display options. Press 2 to display options for the selected menu item. 7 Highlight an option. Press 1 or 3 to highlight an option. 8 Select the highlighted item. Press J to select the highlighted item. To exit without making a selection, press the G button. Note the following: • Menu items that are displayed in gray are not currently available. • While pressing 2 generally has the same effect as pressing J, there are some cases in which selection can only be made by pressing J. • To exit the menus and return to shooting mode, press the shutter-release button halfway (0 36). 30 Tutorial The Battery Level and Number of Exposures Remaining Press the R button and check the battery level and number of exposures remaining in the information display. Battery level R button Number of exposures remaining Battery Level If the battery is low, a warning will also be displayed in the viewfinder. If the information display does not appear when the R button is pressed, the battery is exhausted and needs to be recharged. Information display L K Viewfinder Description — — Battery fully charged. Battery partially discharged. Low battery. Ready fully-charged spare battery or prepare to charge battery. H d H (flashes) d (flashes) Battery exhausted. Charge battery. Number of Exposures Remaining Values over 1000 are shown in thousands, indicated by the letter “k”. Tutorial 31 Basic Photography and Playback “Point-and-Shoot” Modes (i and j) This section describes how to take photographs in i and j modes. i and j are automatic “point-and-shoot” modes in which the majority of settings are controlled by the camera in response to shooting conditions; the only difference between the two is that the flash will not fire in j mode. 1 Rotate the mode dial to i Mode dial or j. Photographs can be framed in the viewfinder or in the monitor (live view). To start live view, press the a button. a button Framing pictures in the viewfinder 32 Basic Photography and Playback Framing pictures in the monitor (live view) 2 Ready the camera. Viewfinder photography: When framing photographs in the viewfinder, hold the handgrip in your right hand and cradle the camera body or lens with your left. Bring your elbows in against the sides of your chest. Live view: When framing photographs in the monitor, hold the handgrip in your right hand and cradle the lens with your left. A Framing Photographs in Portrait (Tall) Orientation When framing photographs in portrait (tall) orientation, hold the camera as shown below. Framing photographs in the viewfinder Framing photographs in the monitor Basic Photography and Playback 33 3 Frame the photograph. Viewfinder photography: Frame a photograph in the viewfinder with the main subject in at least one of the 11 focus points. Focus point Live view: At default settings, the camera automatically detects faces and selects the focus point. If no face is detected, the camera will focus on subjects near the center of the frame. Focus point A Using a Zoom Lens Before focusing, rotate the zoom ring to Zoom in adjust the focal length and frame the photograph. Use the zoom ring to zoom in on the subject so that it fills a larger area of the frame, or zoom out to increase the area visible in the final photograph (select longer focal lengths on the lens focal length scale to zoom in, shorter focal lengths to zoom out). 34 Basic Photography and Playback Zoom ring Zoom out 4 Press the shutter-release button halfway. Viewfinder photography: Press the shutter-release button halfway to focus (if the subject is poorly lit, the flash In-focus indicator may pop up and the AFassist illuminator may light). When the focus operation is complete, a beep will sound (a beep may not sound if the subject is moving) and the in-focus indicator (I) will appear in the viewfinder. In-focus indicator Description I Subject in focus. I Camera unable to focus using autofocus. See (flashes) page 72. Live view: The focus point flashes green while the camera focuses. If the camera is able to focus, the focus point will be displayed in green; otherwise, the focus point will flash red. Basic Photography and Playback 35 5 Shoot. Smoothly press the shutterrelease button the rest of the way down to take the photograph. The memory card access lamp will light and the photograph will be displayed in the monitor for a few seconds. Do not eject the memory card or remove or disconnect the power source until the lamp has gone out and recording is complete. Memory card access lamp To end live view, press the a button. A The Shutter-Release Button The camera has a two-stage shutter-release button. The camera focuses when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. To take the photograph, press the shutter-release button the rest of the way down. Focus: press halfway Shoot: press all the way down Pressing the shutter-release button halfway also ends playback and readies the camera for immediate use. 36 Basic Photography and Playback A Automatic Scene Selection (Scene Auto Selector) If live view is selected in i or j mode, the camera will automatically analyze the subject and select the appropriate shooting mode when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway to focus using autofocus. The selected mode is shown in the monitor. c Portrait d Landscape e Close up f Night portrait Z Auto b Auto (flash off) Human portrait subjects Landscapes and cityscapes Subjects close to the camera Portrait subjects framed against a dark background Subjects suited to i or j mode or that do not fall into the categories listed above A The Standby Timer (Viewfinder Photography) The viewfinder and information display will turn off if no operations are performed for about eight seconds, reducing the drain on the battery. Press the shutterrelease button halfway to reactivate the display. The length of time before the standby timer expires automatically can be selected using the Auto off timers option in the setup menu (0 207). Exposure meters off Exposure meters on A The Standby Timer (Live View) The monitor will turn off if no operations are performed for about ten minutes. The length of time before the monitor turns off automatically can be selected using the Auto off timers option in the setup menu (0 207). Basic Photography and Playback 37 A The Built-in Flash If additional lighting is required for correct exposure in i mode, the built-in flash will pop up automatically when the shutterrelease button is pressed halfway (0 87). If the flash is raised, photographs can only be taken when the flash-ready indicator (M) is displayed. If the flash-ready indicator is not displayed, the flash is charging; remove your finger briefly from the shutter-release button and try again. When the flash is not in use, return it to its closed position by pressing it gently downward till the latch clicks into place. A Live View Zoom Preview To magnify the view in the monitor up to about 8.3 × for precise focus, press the X button. While the view through the lens is zoomed in, a navigation window will appear in a gray frame at the bottom right corner of the display. Use the multi selector to scroll to areas of the frame not visible in the monitor, or press W (Q) to zoom out. X button 38 Basic Photography and Playback Navigation window A Exposure Depending on the scene, exposure may differ from that which would be obtained when live view is not used. A Shooting in Live View Although they will not appear in the final picture, jagged edges, color fringing, moiré, and bright spots may appear in the monitor, while bright regions or bands may appear in some areas with flashing signs and other intermittent light sources or if the subject is briefly illuminated by a strobe or other bright, momentary light source. In addition, distortion may occur with moving subjects, particularly if the camera is panned horizontally or an object moves horizontally at high speed through the frame. Flicker and banding visible in the monitor under fluorescent, mercury vapor, or sodium lamps can be reduced using Flicker reduction (0 213), although they may still be visible in the final photograph at some shutter speeds. Avoid pointing the camera at the sun or other strong light sources. Failure to observe this precaution could result in damage to the camera’s internal circuitry. Live view ends automatically if the mode dial is rotated to g or the mode dial is rotated from g to another setting. To prevent light entering via the viewfinder from appearing in the photograph or interfering with exposure, we recommend that you cover the viewfinder with your hand or other objects such as an optional eyepiece cap before taking pictures without your eye to the viewfinder (0 68). A HDMI When the camera is attached to an HDMI video device, the video device will display the view through the lens. If the device supports HDMI-CEC, select Off for the HDMI > Device control option in the setup menu (0 185) before shooting in live view. Basic Photography and Playback 39 Basic Playback 1 Press the K button. A photograph will be displayed in the monitor. K button 2 View additional pictures. Additional pictures can be displayed by pressing 4 or 2. To end playback and return to shooting mode, press the shutter-release button halfway. 40 Basic Photography and Playback Deleting Unwanted Photographs To delete the photograph currently displayed in the monitor, press the O button. Note that photographs can not be recovered once deleted. 1 Display the photograph. Display the photograph you wish to delete. K button 2 Delete the photograph. Press the O button. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; press the O button again to delete the image and return to playback. O button A Delete The Delete option in the playback menu can be used to delete multiple images (0 172). Basic Photography and Playback 41 Guide Mode The Guide Guide mode gives access to a variety of frequently-used and useful functions. The top level of the guide is displayed when the mode dial is rotated to g. Battery indicator (0 31) Number of exposures remaining (0 31) Shooting mode: A guide mode indicator appears on the shooting mode icon. Choose from the following items: Shoot Take pictures. Retouch Retouch pictures. 42 Guide Mode View/delete View and/or delete pictures. Set up Change camera settings. Guide Mode Menus To access these menus, highlight Shoot, View/delete, Retouch, or Set up and press J. ❚❚ Shoot Easy operation 4 Auto 5 No flash 9 Distant subjects ! Close-ups 8 Sleeping faces 9 Moving subjects 7 Landscapes 6 Portraits " Night portrait Photograph night 5 landscapes Advanced operation Soften backgrounds # Adjust aperture. Bring more into focus Freeze motion (people) Select a shutter $ Freeze motion (vehicles) speed. Show water flowing Adjust white balance Capture reds in sunsets * to vividly capture the colors in sunsets. H Take bright photos * Adjust exposure compensation to take Take dark (low key) bright (high key) or photos * dark (low key) photos. * Affects other Advanced operation items. To restore default settings, turn the camera off and then on again. Guide Mode 43 “Start Shooting” Highlight an option and press J. • Use the viewfinder • Use live view • Shoot movies “More Settings” If More settings is displayed, you can highlight this option and press 2 to access the following settings (the settings available vary with the shooting option selected): • Flash settings > Flash mode • Flash settings > Flash compensation • Release mode • ISO sensitivity settings > ISO sensitivity • ISO sensitivity settings > Auto ISO sensitivity control • Set Picture Control • Exposure compensation • White balance ❚❚ View/Delete View single photos View multiple photos Choose a date View a slide show Delete photos A Guide Mode Guide mode is reset to Easy operation > Auto when the mode dial is rotated to another setting or the camera is turned off. 44 Guide Mode ❚❚ Retouch Trim Filter effects (cross screen) Filter effects (soft) Photo illustration Miniature effect Selective color ❚❚ Set Up Image quality Image size Auto off timers Date stamp Display and sound settings Monitor brightness Info background color Auto info display Beep Movie settings Frame size/frame rate Movie quality Microphone Wind noise reduction Flicker reduction Playback display options Clock and language Format memory card HDMI Airplane mode Smart device connection Eye-Fi upload * Slot empty release lock * Only available when compatible Eye-Fi memory card is inserted (0 224). With the exceptions of Flicker reduction, Clock and language, Format memory card, HDMI, Airplane mode, Smart device connection, Eye-Fi upload, and Slot empty release lock, changes to settings apply in guide mode only and are not reflected in other shooting modes. Guide Mode 45 Using the Guide The following operations can be performed while the guide is displayed: To Use Return to top level of guide Turn monitor on Highlight a menu Description Press G to turn the monitor on or return to the top level of the guide. G button Press 1, 3, 4, or 2 to highlight a menu. Press 1 or 3 to highlight options in the menus. Press 1, 3, 4, or 2 to highlight options in displays like that shown below. Highlight options Select highlighted menu or option 46 Guide Mode Press J to select the highlighted menu or option. To Use Description Press 4 to return to the previous display. To cancel and return to the previous display from displays like that shown below, highlight & and press J. Return to previous display If a d icon is displayed at the bottom left corner of the monitor, help can be displayed by pressing the W (Q) button. Press 1 or 3 to scroll through the display, or press W (Q) again to exit. View help W (Q) button d (help) icon Guide Mode 47 Matching Settings to the Subject or Situation (Scene Mode) The camera offers a choice of “scene” modes. Choosing a scene mode automatically optimizes settings to suit the selected scene, making creative photography as simple as selecting a mode, framing a picture, and shooting as described on page 32. The following scenes can be selected with the mode dial: k Portrait m Sports l Landscape n Close up p Child o Night Portrait k Portrait Use for portraits with soft, naturallooking skin tones. If the subject is far from the background or a telephoto lens is used, background details will be softened to lend the composition a sense of depth. 48 Matching Settings to the Subject or Situation (Scene Mode) l Landscape Use for vivid landscape shots in daylight. A Note The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off. p Child Use for snapshots of children. Clothing and background details are vividly rendered, while skin tones remain soft and natural. m Sports Fast shutter speeds freeze motion for dynamic sports shots in which the main subject stands out clearly. A Note The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off. Matching Settings to the Subject or Situation (Scene Mode) 49 n Close up Use for close-up shots of flowers, insects, and other small objects (a macro lens can be used to focus at very close ranges). o Night Portrait Use for a natural balance between the main subject and the background in portraits taken under low light. A Preventing Blur Use a tripod to prevent blur caused by camera shake at slow shutter speeds. 50 Matching Settings to the Subject or Situation (Scene Mode) Special Effects Special effects can be used when taking photographs and shooting movies. The following effects can be selected by rotating the mode dial to q and rotating the command dial until the desired option appears in the monitor. Mode dial Command dial Monitor % Night Vision ( Miniature Effect S Super Vivid 3 Selective Color T Pop 1 Silhouette U Photo Illustration 2 High Key ' Toy Camera Effect 3 Low Key Special Effects 51 % Night Vision Use under conditions of darkness to record monochrome images at high ISO sensitivities. A Note Autofocus is available in live view only; manual focus can be used if the camera is unable to focus. The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off. S Super Vivid Overall saturation and contrast are increased for a more vibrant image. T Pop Overall saturation is increased for a more lively image. 52 Special Effects U Photo Illustration Sharpen outlines and simplify coloring for a poster effect that can be adjusted in live view (0 56). A Note Movies shot in this mode play back like a slide show made up of a series of stills. ' Toy Camera Effect Create photos and movies that appear to have been shot with a toy camera. The effect can be adjusted in live view (0 57). ( Miniature Effect Create photos that appear to be pictures of dioramas. Works best when shooting from a high vantage point. Miniature effect movies play back at high speed, compressing about 45 minutes of footage shot at 1920 × 1080/30p into a movie that plays back in about three minutes. The effect can be adjusted in live view (0 58). A Note Sound is not recorded with movies. The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off. Special Effects 53 3 Selective Color All colors other than the selected colors are recorded in black and white. The effect can be adjusted in live view (0 60). A Note The built-in flash turns off. 1 Silhouette Silhouette subjects against bright backgrounds. A Note The built-in flash turns off. 2 High Key Use with bright scenes to create bright images that seem filled with light. A Note The built-in flash turns off. 54 Special Effects 3 Low Key Use with dark scenes to create dark, low-key images with prominent highlights. A Note The built-in flash turns off. A Preventing Blur Use a tripod to prevent blur caused by camera shake at slow shutter speeds. A NEF (RAW) NEF (RAW) recording is not available in %, S, T, U, ', (, and 3 modes. Pictures taken when an NEF (RAW) or NEF (RAW) + JPEG fine option is selected in these modes will be recorded as JPEG images. JPEG images created at these settings will be recorded as fine-quality images. A U and ( Modes Autofocus is not available during movie recording. The live view refresh rate will drop, together with the frame rate for continuous release mode; using autofocus during live view photography will disrupt the preview. Special Effects 55 Options Available in Live View Settings for the selected effect are adjusted in the live view display. ❚❚ U Photo Illustration 1 Select live view. Press the a button. The view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. a button 2 Adjust outline thickness. Press J to display the options shown at right. Press 4 or 2 to make outlines thicker or thinner. 3 Press J. Press J to exit when settings are complete. To exit live view, press the a button. 56 Special Effects ❚❚ ' Toy Camera Effect 1 Select live view. Press the a button. The view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. a button 2 Adjust options. Press J to display the options shown at right. Press 1 or 3 to highlight Vividness or Vignetting and press 4 or 2 to change. Adjust vividness to make colors more or less saturated, vignetting to control the amount of vignetting. 3 Press J. Press J to exit when settings are complete. To exit live view, press the a button. Special Effects 57 ❚❚ ( Miniature Effect 1 Select live view. Press the a button. The view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. a button 2 Position the focus point. Use the multi selector to position the focus point in the area that will be in focus and then press the shutterrelease button halfway to focus. To temporarily clear miniature effect options from the display and enlarge the view in the monitor for precise focus, press X. Press W (Q) to restore the miniature effect display. 3 Display options. Press J to display miniature effect options. 58 Special Effects 4 Adjust options. Press 4 or 2 to choose the orientation of the area that will be in focus and press 1 or 3 to adjust its width. 5 Press J. Press J to exit when settings are complete. To exit live view, press the a button. Special Effects 59 ❚❚ 3 Selective Color 1 Select live view. Press the a button. The view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. a button 2 Display options. Press J to display selective color options. 3 Select a color. Selected color Frame an object in the white square in the center of the display and press 1 to choose the color of the object as one that will remain in the final image (the camera may have difficulty detecting unsaturated colors; choose a saturated color). To zoom in on the center of the display for more precise color selection, press X. Press W (Q) to zoom out. 60 Special Effects 4 Choose the color range. Color range Press 1 or 3 to increase or decrease the range of similar hues that will be included in the final image. Choose from values between 1 and 7; note that higher values may include hues from other colors. 5 Select additional colors. To select additional colors, rotate the command dial to highlight another of the three color boxes at the top of the display and repeat Steps 3 and 4 to select another color. Repeat for a third color if desired. To deselect the highlighted color, press O (To remove all colors, press and hold O. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; select Yes). 6 Press J. Press J to exit when settings are complete. During shooting, only objects of the selected hues will be recorded in color; all others will be recorded in black-and-white. To exit live view, press the a button. Special Effects 61 More on Photography Choosing a Release Mode To choose how the shutter is released (release mode), press the I (E/#) button, then use the multi selector to highlight the desired option and press J. I (E/#) button Mode 8 I J E " # Description Single frame: Camera takes one photograph each time shutterrelease button is pressed. Continuous: The camera takes photographs while the shutterrelease button is pressed (0 63). Quiet shutter release: As for single-frame, except that camera noise is reduced (0 65). Self-timer: Take pictures with the self-timer (0 66). Delayed remote (ML-L3): Shutter is released 2 s after shutter-release button on optional ML-L3 remote control is pressed (0 95). Quick-response remote (ML-L3): Shutter is released when shutterrelease button on optional ML-L3 remote control is pressed (0 95). 62 More on Photography Continuous Shooting (Burst Mode) In I (Continuous) mode, the camera takes photographs continuously while the shutter-release button is pressed all the way down. 1 Press the I (E/#) button. I (E/#) button 2 Choose I (Continuous). Highlight I (Continuous) and press J. 3 Focus. Frame the shot and focus. 4 Take photographs. The camera will take photographs while the shutter-release button is pressed all the way down. More on Photography 63 A The Memory Buffer The camera is equipped with a memory buffer for temporary storage, allowing shooting to continue while photographs are being saved to the memory card. Up to 100 photographs can be taken in succession (an exception is if a shutter speed of 4 seconds or slower is selected in mode S or M, when there is no limit on the number of shots that can be taken in a single burst). If the battery is exhausted while images remain in the buffer, the shutter release will be disabled and the images transferred to the memory card. A Frame Rate For information on the number of photographs that can be taken in continuous release mode, see page 296. Frame rates may drop when the memory buffer is full or the battery is low. A The Built-in Flash Continuous release mode can not be used with the built-in flash; rotate the mode dial to j (0 32) or turn the flash off (0 87). A Buffer Size The approximate number of images that can be stored in the memory buffer at current settings is shown in the viewfinder exposure-count display while the shutter-release button is pressed. 64 More on Photography Quiet Shutter Release Choose this mode to keep camera noise to a minimum. A beep does not sound when the camera focuses. 1 Press the I (E/#) button. I (E/#) button 2 Select J (Quiet shutter release). Highlight J (Quiet shutter release) and press J. 3 Take photographs. Press the shutter-release button all the way down to shoot. More on Photography 65 Self-Timer Mode The self-timer can be used for self-portraits or group shots that include the photographer. Before proceeding, mount the camera on a tripod or place it on a stable, level surface. 1 Press the I (E/#) button. I (E/#) button 2 Select E (Self-timer) mode. Highlight E (Self-timer) and press J. 3 Frame the photograph. 66 More on Photography 4 Take the photograph. Press the shutter-release button halfway to focus, and then press the button the rest of the way down. The self-timer lamp will start to flash and a beep will begin to sound. Two seconds before the photo is taken, the lamp will stop flashing and the beeping will become more rapid. The shutter will be released ten seconds after the timer starts. Note that the timer may not start or a photograph may not be taken if the camera is unable to focus or in other situations in which the shutter can not be released. To stop the timer without taking a photograph, turn the camera off. More on Photography 67 A Cover the Viewfinder To prevent light entering via the viewfinder from appearing in the photograph or interfering with exposure, we recommend that you cover the viewfinder with your hand or other objects such as an optional eyepiece cap (0 268) when taking pictures without your eye to the viewfinder. To attach the cap, remove the rubber eyecup (q) and insert the cap as shown (w). Hold the camera firmly when removing the rubber eyecup. Rubber eyecup Eyepiece cap A Using the Built-in Flash Before taking a photograph with the flash in modes that require the flash to be raised manually, press the M (Y) button to raise the flash and wait for the M indicator to be displayed in the viewfinder (0 38). Shooting will be interrupted if the flash is raised after the self-timer has started. A The Setup Menu Self-Timer Option For information on choosing the duration of the self-timer and the number of shots taken, see the Self-timer option in the setup menu (0 208). 68 More on Photography Focus Focus can be adjusted automatically (see below) or manually (0 81). The user can also select the focus point for automatic or manual focus (0 76) or use focus lock to focus to recompose photographs after focusing (0 79). Focus Mode The following focus modes can be selected during viewfinder photography: Option Description Camera automatically selects single-servo autofocus if subject is stationary, continuousAF-A Auto-servo AF servo autofocus if subject is moving. Shutter can only be released if camera is able to focus. For stationary subjects. Focus locks when shutter-release button is pressed halfway. AF-S Single-servo AF Shutter can only be released if camera is able to focus. For moving subjects. Camera focuses continuously while shutter-release button is ContinuousAF-C pressed halfway. Shutter can only be released servo AF if camera is able to focus. MF Manual focus Focus manually (0 81). Note that AF-S and AF-C are available only in modes P, S, A, and M. More on Photography 69 The following focus modes can be selected during live view: Option Single-servo AF-S AF Description For stationary subjects. Focus locks when shutter-release button is pressed halfway. For moving subjects. Camera focuses continuously until shutter-release button is Full-timeAF-F pressed. Focus locks when shutter-release servo AF button is pressed halfway. MF Manual focus Focus manually (0 81). Note that AF-F is not available in U, ', and ( modes. ❚❚ Choosing the Focus Mode Follow the steps below to choose the focus mode. 1 Display focus mode options. Press the P button, then highlight the current focus mode in the information display and press J. P button Viewfinder photography 70 More on Photography Live view 2 Choose a focus mode. Highlight a focus mode and press J. Viewfinder photography Live view A Predictive Focus Tracking In AF-C mode or when continuous-servo autofocus is selected in AF-A mode during viewfinder photography, the camera will initiate predictive focus tracking if the subject moves toward the camera while the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. This allows the camera to track focus while attempting to predict where the subject will be when the shutter is released. D Continuous-Servo Autofocus In AF-C mode or when continuous-servo autofocus is selected in AF-A mode, the camera gives higher priority to focus response (has a wider focus range) than in AF-S mode, and the shutter may be released before the in-focus indicator is displayed. More on Photography 71 A Getting Good Results with Autofocus Autofocus does not perform well under the conditions listed below. The shutter release may be disabled if the camera is unable to focus under these conditions, or the in-focus indicator (I) may be displayed and the camera may sound a beep, allowing the shutter to be released even when the subject is not in focus. In these cases, focus manually (0 81) or use focus lock (0 79) to focus on another subject at the same distance and then recompose the photograph. There is little or no contrast between the subject and the background. Example: Subject is the same color as the background. The focus point contains objects at different distances from the camera. Example: Subject is inside a cage. The subject is dominated by regular geometric patterns. Example: Blinds or a row of windows in a skyscraper. The focus point contains areas of sharply contrasting brightness. Example: Subject is half in the shade. Background objects appear larger than the subject. Example: A building is in the frame behind the subject. The subject contains many fine details. Example: A field of flowers or other subjects that are small or lack variation in brightness. 72 More on Photography A The AF-Assist Illuminator If the subject is poorly lit, the AF-assist illuminator will light automatically to assist the autofocus operation when the shutterrelease button is pressed halfway (some restrictions apply; 0 284). Note that the illuminator may become hot when used multiple times in quick succession and will turn off automatically to protect the lamp after a period of continuous use. Normal function will resume after a brief pause. AF-assist illuminator More on Photography 73 AF-Area Mode Choose how the focus point for autofocus is selected. The following options are available during viewfinder photography: Option Description For stationary subjects. Focus point is selected Single-point c manually; camera focuses on subject in selected AF focus point only. For non-stationary subjects. In AF-A and AF-C focus modes, user selects focus point using multi Dynamic-area d selector (0 76), but camera will focus based on AF information from surrounding focus points if subject briefly leaves selected point. In AF-A and AF-C focus modes, user selects focus point using multi selector (0 76). If subject moves after camera has focused, camera uses 3Dtracking to select new focus point and keep 3D-tracking focus locked on original subject while shutterf (11 points) release button is pressed halfway. e Auto-area AF Camera automatically detects subject and selects focus point. Note that d (Dynamic-area AF) and f (3D-tracking (11 points)) AF-area modes are not available when AF-S is selected for focus mode. A 3D-Tracking (11 Points) If subject leaves the viewfinder, remove your finger from the shutterrelease button and recompose the photograph with the subject in the selected focus point. Note that when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway, the colors in the area surrounding the focus point are stored in the camera. Consequently 3D-tracking may not produce the desired results with subjects that are similar in color to the background or that occupy a very small area of the frame. 74 More on Photography In modes other than i, j, and (, the following AF-area modes can be selected in live view: Option Description Use for portraits. The camera automatically detects and focuses on portrait subjects; the selected subject is indicated by a double Face6 yellow border (if multiple priority AF faces are detected, the camera will focus on the closest subject; to choose a different subject, use the multi selector). If the camera can no longer detect the subject (because, for example, the subject has turned to face away from the camera), the border will no longer be displayed. Use for hand-held shots of landscapes and other nonWide-area portrait subjects. 7 AF 8 Normalarea AF Use for pin-point focus on a selected spot in the frame. A tripod is recommended. More on Photography 75 Option Description Use the multi selector to position the focus point over your subject and press J to start tracking. The focus point will track the selected subject as it Subjectmoves through the frame. 9 tracking AF To end tracking, press J again. Note that the camera may be unable to track subjects if they move quickly, leave the frame or are obscured by other objects, change visibly in size, color, or brightness, or are too small, too large, too bright, too dark, or similar in color or brightness to the background. Note that subject-tracking AF is not available in %, U, ', and 3 modes. A Manual Focus-Point Selection The multi selector can be used to select the focus point. Except in subject-tracking AF, pressing J during focus-point selection selects the center focus point. In subject-tracking AF, pressing J starts subject tracking instead. Manual focus-point selection is not available in auto-area AF. 76 More on Photography ❚❚ Choosing the AF-Area Mode Follow the steps below to choose the AF-area mode. 1 Display AF-area mode options. Press the P button, then highlight the current AF-area mode in the information display and press J. P button Viewfinder photography Live view 2 Choose an AF-area mode. Highlight an option and press J. Viewfinder photography Live view A AF-Area Mode AF-area mode selections made in shooting modes other than P, S, A, or M are reset when another shooting mode is selected. More on Photography 77 D Using Autofocus in Live View The desired results may not be achieved with teleconverters (0 252). Note that in live view, autofocus is slower and the monitor may brighten or darken while the camera focuses. The focus point may sometimes be displayed in green when the camera is unable to focus. The camera may be unable to focus in the following situations: • The subject contains lines parallel to the long edge of the frame • The subject lacks contrast • The subject in the focus point contains areas of sharply contrasting brightness, or includes spot lighting or a neon sign or other light source that changes in brightness • Flicker or banding appears under fluorescent, mercury-vapor, sodium-vapor, or similar lighting • A cross (star) filter or other special filter is used • The subject appears smaller than the focus point • The subject is dominated by regular geometric patterns (e.g., blinds or a row of windows in a skyscraper) • The subject is moving 78 More on Photography Focus Lock Focus lock can be used to change the composition after focusing in AF-A, AF-S, and AF-C focus modes (0 69), making it possible to focus on a subject that will not be in a focus point in the final composition. If the camera is unable to focus using autofocus (0 72), focus lock can also be used to recompose the photograph after focusing on another object at the same distance as your original subject. Focus lock is most effective when an option other than e (Auto-area AF) is selected for AFarea mode (0 74). 1 Focus. Position the subject in the selected focus point and press the shutter-release button halfway to initiate focus. Check that the in-focus indicator (I) appears in the viewfinder (viewfinder photography) or that the focus point has turned green (live view). Viewfinder photography Live view A Autoexposure Lock Pressing the A (L) button in Step 2 also locks exposure (0 113). More on Photography 79 2 Lock focus. AF-A and AF-C focus modes (viewfinder photography): With the shutter-release button pressed halfway (q), press the A (L) button (w) to lock focus. Focus will remain locked while the A (L) button is pressed, even if you later remove your finger from the shutter-release button. Shutter-release button A (L) button AF-S (viewfinder photography) and live view: Focus locks automatically and remain locked until you remove your finger from the shutter-release button. Focus can also be locked by pressing the A (L) button (see above). 3 Recompose the photograph and shoot. Focus will remain locked between shots if you keep the shutter-release button pressed halfway (AF-S) or keep the A (L) button pressed, allowing several photographs in succession to be taken at the same focus setting. Do not change the distance between the camera and the subject while focus lock is in effect. If the subject moves, focus again at the new distance. Viewfinder photography 80 More on Photography Live view Manual Focus Manual focus can be used when autofocus is not available or does not produce the desired results (0 72). 1 Select manual focus. If the lens is equipped with an A-M, M/A-M, or A/M-M mode switch, slide the switch to M. A-M mode switch M/A-M mode switch If the lens is not equipped with a focus-mode switch, select MF (manual focus) for Focus mode (0 69). 2 Focus. To focus manually, adjust the lens focus ring until the image displayed on the clear matte field in the viewfinder is in focus. Photographs can be taken at any time, even when the image is not in focus. A AF-P Lenses When an AF-P lens (0 252) is used in manual focus mode, the in-focus indicator (I) will flash in the viewfinder (or in live view, the focus point will flash in the monitor) to warn that continuing to rotate the focus ring in the current direction will not bring the subject into focus. More on Photography 81 ❚❚ The Electronic Rangefinder (Viewfinder Photography) The viewfinder focus indicator can be used to confirm whether the subject in the selected focus point is in focus (the focus point can be selected from any of the 11 focus points). After positioning the subject in the selected focus point, press the shutter-release button halfway and rotate the lens focus ring until the in-focus indicator (I) is displayed. Note that with the subjects listed on page 72, the infocus indicator may sometimes be displayed when the subject is not in focus; confirm focus in the viewfinder before shooting. A Selecting Manual Focus with the Camera If the lens supports M/A (autofocus with manual override) or A/M (autofocus with manual override/AF priority), manual focus can also be selected by setting the camera focus mode to MF (manual focus; 0 69). Focus can then be adjusted manually, regardless of the mode selected with the lens. A Focal Plane Position To determine the distance between your subject and the camera, measure from the focal plane mark (E) on the camera body. The distance between the lens mounting flange and the focal plane is 46.5 mm (1.83 in.). 46.5 mm Focal plane mark 82 More on Photography A Live View Press the X button to zoom in for precise focus in live view (0 38). X button More on Photography 83 Image Quality and Size Together, image quality and size determine how much space each photograph occupies on the memory card. Larger, higher quality images can be printed at larger sizes but also require more memory, meaning that fewer such images can be stored on the memory card (0 323). Image Quality Choose a file format and compression ratio (image quality). Option File type Description NEF (RAW) + Two images are recorded: one NEF (RAW) NEF/JPEG JPEG fine image and one fine-quality JPEG image. Raw data from the image sensor are saved directly to the memory card. Settings such as NEF (RAW) NEF white balance and contrast can be adjusted after shooting. Record JPEG images at a compression ratio of JPEG fine roughly 1 : 4 (fine quality). Record JPEG images at a compression ratio of JPEG normal JPEG roughly 1 : 8 (normal quality). Record JPEG images at a compression ratio of JPEG basic roughly 1 : 16 (basic quality). A NEF (RAW) + JPEG When photographs taken at NEF (RAW) + JPEG fine are viewed on the camera, only the JPEG image will be displayed. When photographs taken at these settings are deleted, both NEF and JPEG images will be deleted. 84 More on Photography 1 Display image quality options. Press the P button, then highlight the current image quality in the information display and press J. P button 2 Choose a file type. Highlight an option and press J. A NEF (RAW) Images Selecting NEF (RAW) for Image quality fixes Image size at Large (0 86). Date stamp (0 202) is not available at image quality settings of NEF (RAW) or NEF (RAW)+JPEG fine. A Converting NEF (RAW) Images to Other Formats JPEG copies of NEF (RAW) images can be created using the NEF (RAW) processing option in the retouch menu (0 230) or software such as Capture NX-D (0 177). More on Photography 85 Image Size Image size is measured in pixels. Choose from # Large, $ Medium, or % Small: Image size Size (pixels) Print size (cm/in.) * # Large 6000 × 4000 50.8 × 33.9/20 × 13.3 $ Medium 4496 × 3000 38.1 × 25.4/15.0 × 10 % Small 2992 × 2000 25.3 × 16.9/10 × 6.7 * Approximate size when printed at 300 dpi. Print size in inches equals image size in pixels divided by printer resolution in dots per inch (dpi; 1 inch=approximately 2.54 cm). 1 Display image size options. Press the P button, then highlight the current image size in the information display and press J. P button 2 Choose an image size. Highlight an option and press J. 86 More on Photography Using the Built-in Flash The camera supports a variety of flash modes for photographing poorly lit or backlit subjects. Auto Pop-up Modes In i, k, p, n, o, S, T, U, and ' modes, the built-in flash automatically pops up and fires as required. 1 Choose a flash mode. Keeping the M (Y) button pressed, rotate the command dial until the desired flash mode appears in the information display. + M (Y) button Command dial Information display 2 Take photographs. The flash will pop up as required when the shutterrelease button is pressed halfway, and fire when a photograph is taken. If the flash does not pop up automatically, DO NOT attempt to raise it by hand. Failure to observe this precaution could damage the flash. More on Photography 87 ❚❚ Flash Modes The following flash modes are available: • No (auto): When lighting is poor or the subject is backlit, the flash pops up automatically when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway and fires as required. Not available in o mode. • Njo (auto + red-eye reduction): Use for portraits. The flash pops up and fires as required, but before it fires the redeye reduction lamp lights to help reduce “red-eye.” Not available in o mode. • Njr (auto slow sync + red-eye): As for auto with red-eye reduction, except that slow shutter speeds are used to capture background lighting. Use for portraits taken at night or under low light. Available in o mode. • Nr (auto slow sync): Slow shutter speeds are used to capture background lighting in shots taken at night or under low light. Available in o mode. • j (flash off ): The flash does not fire. A The Information Display Flash mode can also be selected in the information display. 88 More on Photography Manual Pop-up Modes In P, S, A, and M modes, the flash must be raised manually. The flash will not fire if it is not raised. 1 Raise the flash. Press the M (Y) button to raise the flash. M (Y) button 2 Choose a flash mode. Keeping the M (Y) button pressed, rotate the command dial until the desired flash mode appears in the information display. + M (Y) button Command dial Information display 3 Take photographs. The flash will fire whenever a picture is taken. More on Photography 89 ❚❚ Flash Modes The following flash modes are available: • N (fill flash): The flash fires with every shot. • Nj (red-eye reduction): Use for portraits. The flash fires with every shot, but before it fires, the red-eye reduction lamp lights to help reduce “red-eye.” • Njp (slow sync + red-eye): As for “red-eye reduction”, above, except that shutter speed slows automatically to capture background lighting at night or under low light. Use when you want to include background lighting in portraits. Not available in modes S and M. • Np (slow sync): As for “fill flash”, above, except that shutter speed slows automatically to capture background lighting at night or under low light. Use when you want to capture both subject and background. Not available in modes S and M. • Nt (rear curtain + slow sync): As for “rear-curtain sync”, below, except that shutter speed slows automatically to capture background lighting at night or under low light. Use when you want to capture both subject and background. Not available in modes S and M. • Nq (rear-curtain sync): The flash fires just before the shutter closes, creating a stream of light behind moving light sources as shown below at right. Not available in modes P and A. Front-curtain sync 90 More on Photography Rear-curtain sync A Lowering the Built-in Flash To save power when the flash is not in use, press it gently downward until the latch clicks into place. A The Built-in Flash For information on the lenses that can be used with the built-in flash, see page 258. Remove lens hoods to prevent shadows. The flash has a minimum range of 0.6 m (2 ft) and can not be used in the macro range of zoom lenses with a macro function. The shutter release may be briefly disabled to protect the flash after it has been used for several consecutive shots. The flash can be used again after a short pause. A Shutter Speeds Available with the Built-in Flash Shutter speed is restricted to the following ranges when the built-in flash is used: Mode i, k, p, n, S, T, U, ', P, A o S M Shutter speed 1/200–1/60 s 1/200–1 s 1 /200–30 s 1/200–30 s, Bulb, Time More on Photography 91 A Aperture, Sensitivity, and Flash Range Flash range varies with sensitivity (ISO equivalency) and aperture. 100 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 Aperture at ISO equivalent of 200 400 800 1600 3200 6400 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 — 4 5.6 8 11 — — 5.6 8 11 — — — 8 11 — — — — 11 — — — — — — — — — — — 92 More on Photography Approximate range m ft 1.0–6.0 3ft 4in.–19ft 8in. 0.7–4.2 2ft 4in.–13ft 9in. 0.6–3.0 2ft–9ft 10in. 0.6–2.1 2ft–6ft 10in. 0.6–1.5 2ft–4ft 11in. 0.6–1.1 2ft–3ft 7in. 0.6–0.7 2ft–2ft 4in. ISO Sensitivity The camera’s sensitivity to light can be adjusted according to the amount of light available. The higher the ISO sensitivity, the less light needed to make an exposure, allowing higher shutter speeds or smaller apertures. Choosing Auto allows the camera to set ISO sensitivity automatically in response to lighting conditions; to use auto in P, S, A, and M modes, select Auto ISO sensitivity control for the ISO sensitivity settings item in the shooting menu (0 193). Mode i, j, % P, S, A, M Other shooting modes ISO sensitivity Auto 100–25600 in steps of 1 EV Auto; 100–25600 in steps of 1 EV 1 Display ISO sensitivity options. Press the P button, then highlight the current ISO sensitivity in the information display and press J. P button More on Photography 93 2 Choose an ISO sensitivity. Highlight an option and press J. 94 More on Photography Remote Control Photography Using an Optional ML-L3 Remote Control The optional ML-L3 remote control (0 269) can be used to reduce camera shake or for self-portraits. Before proceeding, mount the camera on a tripod or place it on a stable, level surface. 1 Press the I (E/#) button. I (E/#) button 2 Select a remote control mode. Highlight " (Delayed remote (ML-L3)) or # (Quick-response remote (ML-L3)) and press J. More on Photography 95 3 Frame the photograph. Check focus by pressing the shutterrelease button halfway. 4 Take the photograph. From a distance of 5 m (16 ft) or less, aim the transmitter on the ML-L3 at the infrared receiver on the camera (0 2) and press the ML-L3 shutterrelease button. In delayed remote mode, the self-timer lamp will light for about two seconds before the shutter is released. In quick-response remote mode, the self-timer lamp will flash after the shutter has been released. Note that the timer may not start or a photograph may not be taken if the camera is unable to focus or in other situations in which the shutter can not be released. A Before Using the ML-L3 Remote Control Before using the ML-L3 for the first time, remove the clear plastic battery-insulator sheet. A Cover the Viewfinder To prevent light entering via the viewfinder from appearing in the photograph or interfering with exposure, we recommend that you cover the viewfinder with an optional eyepiece cap (0 268) before taking pictures without your eye to the viewfinder (0 68). 96 More on Photography A The Camera Shutter-Release Button If an ML-L3 remote release mode is selected and the shutter is released by pressing the camera shutter-release button, the camera will function in single-frame release mode. A Exiting Remote Control Mode Remote control mode is cancelled automatically if no photograph is taken before the time selected for the Remote on duration (ML-L3) option in the setup menu (0 208). Remote control mode will also be cancelled if the camera is turned off or shooting options are reset using Reset shooting menu. A Using the Built-in Flash Before taking a photograph with the flash in manual pop-up modes (0 89), press the M (Y) button to raise the flash and wait for the M indicator to be displayed in the viewfinder (0 38). Shooting will be interrupted if the flash is raised after the shutter-release button on the ML-L3 is pressed. If the flash is required, the camera will only respond to the ML-L3 shutter-release button once the flash has charged. In auto pop-up modes, the flash will begin charging when a remote control mode is selected; once the flash is charged, it will automatically pop up and fire when required. More on Photography 97 P, S, A, and M Modes Shutter Speed and Aperture P, S, A, and M modes offer different degrees of control over shutter speed and aperture: Mode P S A M Description Recommended for snapshots and in other Programmed auto situations in which there is little time to (0 99) adjust camera settings. Camera sets shutter speed and aperture for optimal exposure. Use to freeze or blur motion. User chooses Shutter-priority auto shutter speed; camera selects aperture for (0 101) best results. Use to blur background or bring both Aperture-priority foreground and background into focus. User auto chooses aperture; camera selects shutter (0 103) speed for best results. User controls both shutter speed and Manual (0 105) aperture. Set shutter speed to “Bulb” or “Time” for long time-exposures. 98 P, S, A, and M Modes Mode P (Programmed Auto) This mode is recommended Mode dial for snapshots or whenever you want to leave the camera in charge of shutter speed and aperture. The camera automatically adjusts shutter speed and aperture for optimal exposure in most situations. To take pictures in programmed auto mode, rotate the mode dial to P. P, S, A, and M Modes 99 A Flexible Program In mode P, different combinations of shutter speed and aperture can be selected by rotating the command dial (“flexible program”). Rotate the dial right for large apertures (low f-numbers) and fast shutter speeds, left for small apertures (high f-numbers) and slow shutter speeds. All combinations produce the same exposure. Rotate right to blur background details or freeze motion. Command dial Rotate left to increase depth of field or blur motion. While flexible program is in effect, a U (R) indicator appears in the viewfinder and information display. To restore default shutter speed and aperture settings, rotate the command dial until the indicator is no longer displayed, choose another mode, or turn the camera off. 100 P, S, A, and M Modes Mode S (Shutter-Priority Auto) This mode lets you control shutter speed: choose fast shutter speeds to “freeze” motion, slow shutter speeds to suggest motion by blurring moving objects. The camera automatically adjusts aperture for optimal exposure. Fast shutter speeds (e.g., 1/1600 s) freeze motion. Slow shutter speeds (e.g., 1 s) blur motion. To choose a shutter speed: 1 Rotate the mode dial to S. Mode dial P, S, A, and M Modes 101 2 Choose a shutter speed. Rotate the command dial to choose the desired shutter speed: rotate right for faster speeds, left for slower speeds. Command dial 102 P, S, A, and M Modes Mode A (Aperture-Priority Auto) In this mode, you can adjust aperture to control depth of field (the distance in front of and behind the main subject that appears to be in focus). The camera automatically adjusts shutter speed for optimal exposure. Large apertures (low f-numbers, e.g. Small apertures (high f-numbers, e.g. f/5.6) blur details in front of and f/22) bring the foreground and behind the main subject. background into focus. To choose an aperture: 1 Rotate the mode dial to A. Mode dial P, S, A, and M Modes 103 2 Choose an aperture. Rotate the command dial left for larger apertures (lower f-numbers), right for smaller apertures (higher fnumbers). Command dial 104 P, S, A, and M Modes Mode M (Manual) In manual mode, you control both shutter speed and aperture. Shutter speeds of “Bulb” and “Time” are available for long timeexposures of moving lights, the stars, night scenery, or fireworks (0 107). 1 Rotate the mode dial to M. Mode dial P, S, A, and M Modes 105 2 Choose aperture and shutter speed. Checking the exposure indicator (see below), adjust shutter speed and aperture. Shutter speed is selected by rotating the command dial (right for faster speeds, left for slower). To adjust aperture, keep the E (N) button pressed while rotating the command dial (left for larger apertures/lower f-numbers and right for smaller apertures/higher f-numbers). Shutter speed Command dial Aperture E (N) button Command dial A The Exposure Indicator If a type E or G lens is attached (0 252) and a shutter speed other than “Bulb” or “Time” is selected (0 107), the exposure indicator in the viewfinder and information display shows whether the photograph would be under- or over-exposed at current settings. Optimal exposure 106 P, S, A, and M Modes Underexposed by 1/3 EV Overexposed by over 2 EV Long Time-Exposures (M Mode Only) Select the following shutter speeds for long time-exposures of moving lights, the stars, night scenery, or fireworks. • Bulb (A): The shutter remains open while the shutter-release button is pressed all the way down. Use a tripod Length of exposure: 35 s Aperture: f/25 to prevent blur. • Time (&): Start the exposure using the shutter-release button on the camera or on an optional remote control. The shutter remains open for thirty minutes or until the button is pressed a second time. Before proceeding, mount the camera on a tripod or place it on a stable, level surface. To prevent light entering via the viewfinder from appearing in the photograph or interfering with exposure, we recommend that you cover the viewfinder with your hand or other objects such as an optional eyepiece cap (0 268) before taking pictures without your eye to the viewfinder (0 68). To prevent loss of power before the exposure is complete, use a fully charged battery. Note that noise (bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, or fog) may be present in long exposures. P, S, A, and M Modes 107 ❚❚ Bulb 1 Rotate the mode dial to M. Mode dial 2 Choose the shutter speed. Rotate the command dial to choose a shutter speed of Bulb (A). Command dial 3 Take the photograph. After focusing, press the shutter-release button on the camera all the way down. Take your finger from the shutterrelease button when the exposure is complete. 108 P, S, A, and M Modes ❚❚ Time 1 Rotate the mode dial to M. Mode dial 2 Choose the shutter speed. Rotate the command dial left to choose a shutter speed of “Time” (&). Command dial 3 Open the shutter. After focusing, press the shutter-release button on the camera or optional remote control all the way down. 4 Close the shutter. Repeat the operation performed in Step 3. P, S, A, and M Modes 109 A ML-L3 Remote Controls If you will be using an ML-L3 remote control, select one of the following remote control modes as described on page 95: " (Delayed remote (ML-L3)) or # (Quick-response remote (ML-L3)). Note that pictures will be taken in “Time” mode even when “Bulb”/ A is selected for shutter speed. The exposure starts when the shutter-release button on the remote control is pressed and ends after 30 minutes or when the button is pressed again. 110 P, S, A, and M Modes Exposure Metering Choose how the camera sets exposure. Method Description Produces natural results in most situations. The camera meters a wide area of the frame and sets L Matrix metering exposure according to tone distribution, color, composition, and distance. Classic meter for portraits. Camera meters entire Center-weighted frame but assigns greatest weight to center area. M Recommended when using filters with an metering exposure factor (filter factor) over 1×. Choose this mode to ensure that subject will be correctly exposed, even when background is N Spot metering much brighter or darker. Camera meters current focus point; use to meter off-center subjects. P, S, A, and M Modes 111 1 Display metering options. Press the P button, then highlight the current metering method in the information display and press J. P button 2 Choose a metering method. Highlight an option and press J. A Spot Metering If e (Auto-area AF) is selected for AF-area mode during viewfinder photography (0 74), the camera will meter the center focus point. 112 P, S, A, and M Modes Autoexposure Lock Use autoexposure lock to recompose photographs after using M (Center-weighted metering) and N (Spot metering) to meter exposure; note that autoexposure lock is not available in i or j mode. 1 Lock exposure. Shutter-release button Position the subject in the selected focus point and press the shutterrelease button halfway. With the shutter-release button pressed halfway and the subject positioned in the focus point, press the A (L) button to lock exposure. A (L) button While exposure lock is in effect, an AE-L indicator will appear in the viewfinder and the monitor. P, S, A, and M Modes 113 2 Recompose the photograph. Keeping the A (L) button pressed, recompose the photograph and shoot. A Adjusting Shutter Speed and Aperture While exposure lock is in effect, the following settings can be adjusted without altering the metered value for exposure: Mode Setting Shutter speed and aperture Programmed auto (flexible program; 0 100) Shutter-priority auto Shutter speed Aperture-priority auto Aperture The metering method itself can not be changed while exposure lock is in effect. 114 P, S, A, and M Modes Exposure Compensation Exposure compensation is used to alter exposure from the value suggested by the camera, making pictures brighter or darker (0 297). In general, positive values make the subject brighter while negative values make it darker. It is most effective when used with M (Center-weighted metering) or N (Spot metering) (0 111). –1 EV No exposure compensation +1 EV P, S, A, and M Modes 115 To choose a value for exposure compensation, keep the E (N) button pressed and rotate the command dial until the desired value is selected in the viewfinder or information display. + E (N) button Command dial –0.3 EV Information display +2 EV Normal exposure can be restored by setting exposure compensation to ±0. In P, S, A, and M modes, exposure compensation is not reset when the camera is turned off. In scene and % modes, exposure compensation will be reset when another mode is selected or the camera is turned off. A The Information Display Exposure compensation options can also be accessed from the information display (0 11). A Mode M In mode M, exposure compensation affects only the exposure indicator. A Using a Flash When a flash is used, exposure compensation affects both background exposure and flash level. 116 P, S, A, and M Modes Flash Compensation Flash compensation is used to alter flash output from the level suggested by the camera, changing the brightness of the main subject relative to the background. Flash output can be increased to make the main subject appear brighter, or reduced to prevent unwanted highlights or reflections (0 299). Keep the M (Y) and E (N) buttons pressed and rotate the command dial until the desired value is selected in the viewfinder or information display. In general, positive values make the main subject seem brighter while negative values make it seem darker. Normal flash output can be restored by setting flash compensation to ±0. Flash compensation is not reset when the camera is turned off (in scene mode, flash compensation will be reset when another mode is selected or the camera is turned off). M (Y) button + Command dial Information display E (N) button –0.3 EV +1 EV P, S, A, and M Modes 117 A The Information Display Flash compensation options can also be accessed from the information display (0 11). A Optional Flash Units Flash compensation is also available with optional flash units that support the Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS; see page 262). The flash compensation selected with the optional flash unit is added to the flash compensation selected with the camera. 118 P, S, A, and M Modes Preserving Detail in Highlights and Shadows Active D-Lighting Active D-Lighting preserves details in highlights and shadows, creating photographs with natural contrast. Use for high contrast scenes, for example when photographing brightly lit outdoor scenery through a door or window or taking pictures of shaded subjects on a sunny day. Active D-Lighting is not recommended in mode M; in other modes, it is most effective when used with L (Matrix metering; 0 111). Active D-Lighting: Off Active D-Lighting: On 1 Display Active D-Lighting options. Press the P button, then highlight Active D-Lighting in the information display and press J. P button P, S, A, and M Modes 119 2 Choose an option. Highlight On or Off and press J. D Active D-Lighting With some subjects, you may notice uneven shading, shadows around bright objects, or halos around dark objects. Active D-Lighting is not available with movies. A “Active D-Lighting” Versus “D-Lighting” Active D-Lighting adjusts exposure before shooting to optimize the dynamic range, while the D-Lighting option in the retouch menu (0 235) brightens shadows in images after shooting. 120 P, S, A, and M Modes White Balance White balance ensures that colors are unaffected by the color of the light source. Auto white balance is recommended for most light sources; other values can be selected if necessary according to the type of source: Option v Auto J I H N G M Incandescent Fluorescent Direct sunlight Flash Cloudy Shade L Preset manual Description Automatic white balance adjustment. Recommended in most situations. Use under incandescent lighting. Use with the light sources listed on page 123. Use with subjects lit by direct sunlight. Use with the flash. Use in daylight under overcast skies. Use in daylight with subjects in the shade. Measure white balance or copy white balance from existing photo (0 126). P, S, A, and M Modes 121 1 Display white balance options. Press the P button, then highlight the current white balance setting in the information display and press J. P button 2 Choose a white balance option. Highlight an option and press J. 122 P, S, A, and M Modes A The Shooting Menu White balance can be selected using the White balance option in the shooting menu (0 190), which also can be used to fine-tune white balance (0 124) or measure a value for preset white balance (0 126). The I Fluorescent option in the White balance menu can be used to select the light source from the bulb types shown at right. A Color Temperature The perceived color of a light source varies with the viewer and other conditions. Color temperature is an objective measure of the color of a light source, defined with reference to the temperature to which an object would have to be heated to radiate light in the same wavelengths. While light sources with a color temperature in the neighborhood of 5000–5500 K appear white, light sources with a lower color temperature, such as incandescent light bulbs, appear slightly yellow or red. Light sources with a higher color temperature appear tinged with blue. The camera white balance options are adapted to the following color temperatures (all figures are approximate): • I (sodium-vapor lamps): 2700 K • H (direct sunlight): 5200 K • J (incandescent)/ • N (flash): 5400 K I (warm-white fluorescent): • G (cloudy): 6000 K 3000 K • I (daylight fluorescent): 6500 K • I (white fluorescent): 3700 K • I (high temp. mercury-vapor): • I (cool-white fluorescent): 7200 K 4200 K • M (shade): 8000 K • I (day white fluorescent): 5000 K P, S, A, and M Modes 123 Fine-Tuning White Balance White balance can be “fine-tuned” to compensate for variations in the color of the light source or to introduce a deliberate color cast into an image. White balance is fine-tuned using the White balance option in the shooting menu. 1 Display fine-tuning options. Highlight a white balance option and press 2 (if Fluorescent is selected, highlight the desired lighting type and press 2; note that fine-tuning is not available with Preset manual). 2 Fine-tune white balance. Use the multi selector to fine-tune Coordinates white balance. White balance can be fine-tuned on the amber (A)–blue (B) axis in steps of 0.5 and the green (G)– magenta (M) axis in steps of 0.25. The horizontal (amber-blue) axis corresponds to color temperature, Adjustment while the vertical (green-magenta) axis has effects similar to those achieved with the corresponding color compensation (CC) filters. The horizontal axis is ruled in increments equivalent to about 5 mired, the vertical axis in increments of about 0.05 diffuse density units. 3 Save changes and exit. Press J. 124 P, S, A, and M Modes A White Balance Fine-Tuning The colors on the fine-tuning axes are relative, not absolute. For example, moving the cursor to B (blue) when a “warm” setting such as J (incandescent) is selected will make photographs slightly “colder” but will not actually make them blue. A “Mired” Any given change in color temperature produces a greater difference in color at low color temperatures than it would at higher color temperatures. For example, a change of 1000 K produces a much greater change in color at 3000 K than at 6000 K. Mired, calculated by multiplying the inverse of the color temperature by 10 6, is a measure of color temperature that takes such variation into account, and as such is the unit used in color-temperature compensation filters. E.g.: • 4000 K–3000 K (a difference of 1000 K)=83 mired • 7000 K–6000 K (a difference of 1000 K)=24 mired P, S, A, and M Modes 125 Preset Manual Preset manual is used to record and recall custom white balance settings for shooting under mixed lighting or to compensate for light sources with a strong color cast. Two methods are available for setting preset white balance: Method Description Neutral gray or white object is placed under lighting that Measure will be used in final photo and white balance measured by camera (see below). White balance is copied from photo on memory card Use photo (0 130). ❚❚ Measuring a Value for Preset White Balance 1 Light a reference object. Place a neutral gray or white object under the lighting that will be used in the final photograph. 2 Display white balance options. Highlight White balance in the shooting menu and press 2 to display white balance options. Highlight Preset manual and press 2. 3 Select Measure. Highlight Measure and press 2. 126 P, S, A, and M Modes 4 Select Yes. The menu shown at right will be displayed; highlight Yes and press J. The camera will enter preset measurement mode. When the camera is ready to measure white balance, a flashing D (L) will appear in the viewfinder and information display. 5 Measure white balance. Before the indicators stop flashing, frame the reference object so that it fills the viewfinder and press the shutter-release button all the way down. No photograph will be recorded; white balance can be measured accurately even when the camera is not in focus. P, S, A, and M Modes 127 6 Check the results. If the camera was able to measure a value for white balance, the message shown at right will be displayed and a will flash in the viewfinder and the camera will return to shooting mode. To return to shooting mode immediately, press the shutter-release button halfway. If lighting is too dark or too bright, the camera may be unable to measure white balance. A message will appear in the information display and a flashing b a will appear in the viewfinder. Return to Step 5 and measure white balance again. 128 P, S, A, and M Modes D Measuring Preset White Balance If no operations are performed while the displays are flashing, direct measurement mode will end in the time selected for the Auto off timers option in the setup menu (0 207). D Preset White Balance The camera can store only one value for preset white balance at a time; the existing value will be replaced when a new value is measured. Note that exposure is automatically increased by 1 EV when measuring white balance; when shooting in mode M, adjust exposure so that the exposure indicator shows ±0 (0 106). A Other Methods for Measuring Preset White Balance To enter preset measurement mode (see above) after selecting preset white balance in the information display (0 122), press J for a few seconds. If white balance has been assigned to the Fn button (0 214), white balance preset measurement mode can be activated by keeping the Fn button pressed for a few seconds after selecting preset white balance with the Fn button and command dial. A Gray Panels For more precise results, measure white balance using a standard gray panel. P, S, A, and M Modes 129 ❚❚ Copying White Balance from a Photograph Follow the steps below to copy a value for white balance from a photograph on the memory card. 1 Select Preset manual. Highlight White balance in the shooting menu and press 2 to display white balance options. Highlight Preset manual and press 2. 2 Select Use photo. Highlight Use photo and press 2. 3 Choose Select image. Highlight Select image and press 2 (to skip the remaining steps and use the image last selected for preset white balance, select This image). 4 Choose a folder. Highlight the folder containing the source image and press 2. 130 P, S, A, and M Modes 5 Highlight the source image. To view the highlighted image full frame, press and hold the X button. 6 Copy white balance. Press J to set preset white balance to the white balance value for the highlighted photograph. P, S, A, and M Modes 131 Picture Controls Picture Controls are preset combinations of image processing settings that include sharpening, clarity, contrast, brightness, saturation, and hue. You can select a Picture Control to match the scene or customize settings to suit your creative intent. Selecting a Picture Control Choose a Picture Control according to the subject or type of scene. Option Q Standard R Neutral S Vivid T Monochrome e Portrait f Landscape q Flat 132 P, S, A, and M Modes Description Recommended for most situations, this option uses standard processing for balanced results. A good choice for photographs that will later be processed or retouched, this option uses minimal processing for natural results. Choose this option for photographs that emphasize primary colors. Pictures are enhanced for a vivid, photoprint effect. Take monochrome photographs. Process portraits for skin with natural texture and a rounded feel. Produces vibrant landscapes and cityscapes. Choose for photographs that will later be extensively processed or retouched. Details are preserved over a wide tone range, from highlights to shadows. 1 Display Picture Control options. Press the P button, then highlight the current Picture Control and press J. P button 2 Select a Picture Control. Highlight a Picture Control and press J. P, S, A, and M Modes 133 Modifying Picture Controls Picture Controls can be modified to suit the scene or the user’s creative intent. Choose a balanced combination of settings using Quick adjust, or make manual adjustments to individual settings. 1 Select a Picture Control. Highlight Set Picture Control in the shooting menu and press 2. Highlight the desired Picture Control and press 2. 2 Adjust settings. Press 1 or 3 to highlight the desired setting and press 4 or 2 to choose a value in increments of 1, or rotate the command dial to choose a value in increments of 0.25 (0 135). Repeat this step until all settings have been adjusted, or select a preset combination of settings by using the multi selector to choose Quick adjust. Default settings can be restored by pressing the O button. 3 Save changes and exit. Press J. Picture Controls that have been modified from default settings are indicated by an asterisk (“*”). 134 P, S, A, and M Modes ❚❚ Picture Control Settings Option Manual adjustments (all Picture Controls) Description Mute or heighten the effect of the selected Picture Control (note that this resets all manual adjustments). Quick adjust Not available with Neutral, Monochrome, or Flat Picture Controls. Control the sharpness of outlines. Select A to adjust Sharpening sharpening automatically according to the type of scene. Adjust clarity manually or select A to let the camera adjust clarity automatically. Depending on the scene, shadows may appear around bright objects or halos Clarity may appear around dark objects at some settings. Clarity is not applied to movies. Adjust contrast manually or select A to let the camera Contrast adjust contrast automatically. Raise or lower brightness without loss of detail in Brightness highlights or shadows. Manual adjustments (non-monochrome only) Manual adjustments (monochrome only) Saturation Control the vividness of colors. Select A to adjust saturation automatically according to the type of scene. Hue Adjust hue. Filter effects Simulate the effect of color filters on monochrome photographs (0 137). Toning Choose the tint used in monochrome photographs (0 137). P, S, A, and M Modes 135 D “A” (Auto) Results for auto sharpening, clarity, contrast, and saturation vary with exposure and the position and size of the subject relative to the frame. A Switching Between Manual and Auto Press the X button to switch back and forth between manual and auto (A) settings for sharpening, clarity, contrast, and saturation. A Previous Settings The j indicator under the value display in the Picture Control setting menu indicates the previous value for the setting. Use this as a reference when adjusting settings. 136 P, S, A, and M Modes A Filter Effects (Monochrome Only) The options in this menu simulate the effect of color filters on monochrome photographs. The following filter effects are available: Y Option Yellow O Orange R Red G Green Description Enhances contrast. Can be used to tone down the brightness of the sky in landscape photographs. Orange produces more contrast than yellow, red more contrast than orange. Softens skin tones. Can be used for portraits. A Toning (Monochrome Only) Pressing 3 when Toning is selected displays saturation options. Press 4 or 2 to adjust saturation in increments of 1, or rotate the command dial to choose a value in increments of 0.25. Saturation control is not available when B&W (black-and-white) is selected. P, S, A, and M Modes 137 Recording and Viewing Movies Recording Movies Movies can be recorded in live view mode. 1 Press the a button. The view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. D The 0 Icon A 0 icon (0 10) indicates that movies can not be recorded. A Before Recording Set aperture before recording in mode A or M (0 103, 105). 2 Focus. Frame the opening shot and focus. Note that the number of subjects that can be detected in face-priority AF drops during movie recording. 138 Recording and Viewing Movies a button 3 Start recording. Press the movie-record button to start recording. A recording indicator and the time available are displayed in the monitor. Sound is recorded via the built-in microphone (0 2); be careful Movie-record button not to obstruct the microphone during recording. Except in i and j Recording indicator modes, exposure can be locked by pressing the A (L) button (0 113) or (in scene, P, S, A, and % modes) altered by up to ±3 EV in steps of 1/3 EV by pressing the E (N) button and rotating the command dial (0 116; note that depending on the Time remaining brightness of the subject, changes to exposure may have no visible effect). 4 End recording. Press the movie-record button again to end recording. Recording will end automatically when the maximum length is reached, the memory card is full, or another mode is selected. 5 End live view. Press the a button to end live view. A Taking Photographs During Movie Recording To end movie recording, take a photograph, and exit to live view, press the shutter-release button all the way down and hold it in this position until the shutter is released. Recording and Viewing Movies 139 A Maximum Length The maximum length for individual movie files is 4 GB (for maximum recording times, see page 141); note that depending on memory card write speed, shooting may end before this length is reached (0 269). D Recording Movies Flicker, banding, or distortion may be visible in the monitor and in the final movie under fluorescent, mercury vapor, or sodium lamps or with subjects that are in motion, particularly if the camera is panned horizontally or an object moves horizontally at high speed through frame (for information on reducing flicker and banding, see Flicker reduction; 0 213). Jagged edges, color fringing, moire, and bright spots may also appear. Bright regions or bands may appear in some areas of the frame with flashing signs and other intermittent light sources or if the subject is briefly illuminated by a strobe or other bright, momentary light source. Avoid pointing the camera at the sun or other strong light sources. Failure to observe this precaution could result in damage to the camera’s internal circuitry. The camera can record both video and sound; do not cover the microphone during recording. Note that the built-in microphone may record lens noise during autofocus and vibration reduction. Flash lighting can not be used during movie recording. Matrix metering is used regardless of the metering method selected. Shutter speed and ISO sensitivity are adjusted automatically unless On is selected for Manual movie settings (0 142) and the camera is in mode M. 140 Recording and Viewing Movies Movie Settings The camera offers the following movie options. • Frame size/frame rate and Movie quality: The maximum length varies with the options selected. Frame size/frame rate 1 Maximum length 2 L 1920×1080; 60p 10 min. M 1920×1080; 50p N 1920×1080; 30p O 1920×1080; 25p High quality P 1920×1080; 24p 20 min. Q 1280× 720; 60p R 1280× 720; 50p t 1920×1080; 60p 20 min. u 1920×1080; 50p r 1920×1080; 30p s 1920×1080; 25p Normal k 1920×1080; 24p 29 min. 59 s l 1280× 720; 60p o 1280× 720; 50p 1 Listed value. Actual frame rates for 60p, 50p, 30p, 25p, and 24p are 59.94, 50, 29.97, 25, and 23.976 fps respectively. 2 Movies recorded in miniature effect mode are up to three minutes long when played back. Movie quality • Microphone: Turn the built-in microphone on or off or adjust microphone sensitivity. Choose Auto sensitivity to adjust sensitivity automatically, Microphone off to turn sound recording off; to select microphone sensitivity manually, select Manual sensitivity and choose a sensitivity. Recording and Viewing Movies 141 • Wind noise reduction: Select On to enable the low-cut filter for the built-in microphone, reducing noise produced by wind blowing over the microphone (note that other sounds may also be affected). • Manual movie settings: Choose On to allow manual adjustments to shutter speed and ISO sensitivity when the camera is in mode M. Shutter speed can be set to values as fast as 1/4000 s; the slowest speed available varies with the frame rate: 1/30 s for frame rates of 24p, 25p, and 30p, 1/50 s for 50p, and 1/60 s for 60p. If shutter speed is not in this range when live view starts, it will automatically be set to a supported value, and remain at this value when live view ends. Note that ISO sensitivity is fixed at the value selected; the camera does not adjust ISO sensitivity automatically when On is selected for ISO sensitivity settings > Auto ISO sensitivity control in the shooting menu (0 193). 1 Select Movie settings. Press the G button to display the menus. Highlight Movie settings in the shooting menu and press 2. 2 Choose movie options. Highlight the desired item and press 2, then highlight an option and press J. A HDMI When the camera is attached to an HDMI video device, the video device will display the view through the lens. If the device supports HDMI-CEC, select Off for the HDMI > Device control option in the setup menu (0 185) before shooting in live view. 142 Recording and Viewing Movies A The Live View Display The movie crop can be viewed during live view by pressing the R button to select the “show movie indicators”, “hide indicators”, or “framing grid” display (0 8). When movie indicators are displayed, you can access the following movie settings by pressing the P button: movie frame size/quality, white P button balance (0 121), microphone sensitivity (0 141), exposure compensation (0 115), focus mode (0 70), AF-area mode (0 75), wind noise reduction (0 142), and Picture Control (0 132). If On is selected for Movie settings > Manual movie settings (0 142) in mode M, ISO sensitivity (0 93) can be adjusted in place of exposure compensation. Selecting 1920×1080; 60p or 1920×1080; 50p for Frame size/frame rate (0 141) reduces the size of the movie crop. The cropped view is shown in the monitor. Information display (1920×1080; 60p/ 1920×1080; 50p) During recording Recording and Viewing Movies 143 Viewing Movies Movies are indicated by a 1 icon in full-frame playback (0 152). Press J to start playback; your current position is indicated by the movie progress bar. 1 icon Length Current position/total length Movie progress bar Guide Volume The following operations can be performed: To Use Pause Play Description Pause playback. Resume playback when movie is paused or during rewind/advance. Advance/rewind Speed increases with each press, from 2× to 4× to 8× to 16×; keep pressed to skip to beginning or end of movie (first frame is indicated by h in top right corner of monitor, last frame by i). If playback is paused, movie rewinds or advances one frame at a time; hold for continuous rewind or advance. Start slow-motion playback Press 3 while the movie is paused to start slow-motion playback. 144 Recording and Viewing Movies To Use Skip 10 s Adjust volume Return to fullframe playback Description Rotate the command dial to skip ahead or back 10 s. X/W (Q) K/ Press X to increase volume, W (Q) to decrease. Press K or 1 to exit to full-frame playback. Recording and Viewing Movies 145 Editing Movies Trim footage to create edited copies of movies or save selected frames as JPEG stills. Option Description Choose start/end Create a copy from which unwanted f point footage has been removed. g Save selected frame Save a selected frame as a JPEG still. Trimming Movies To create trimmed copies of movies: 1 Display a movie full frame. 2 Pause the movie on the new opening frame. Play the movie back as described on page 144, pressing J to start and resume playback and 3 to pause and pressing 4 or 2 or rotating the command dial to locate the desired Movie progress bar frame. Your approximate position in the movie can be ascertained from the movie progress bar. Pause playback when you reach the new opening frame. 146 Recording and Viewing Movies 3 Select Choose start/end point. Press the P button, then highlight Choose start/end point and press 2. P button 4 Select Start point. To create a copy that begins from the current frame, highlight Start point and press J. The frames before the current frame will be removed when you save the copy in Step 9. Start point Recording and Viewing Movies 147 5 Confirm the new start point. If the desired frame is not currently displayed, press 4 or 2 to advance or rewind (to skip to 10 s ahead or back, rotate the command dial). 6 Choose the end point. Press A (L) to switch from the start point (w) to the end point (x) selection tool and then select the closing frame as described in Step 5. The frames after the selected frame will be removed when you save the copy in Step 9. End point 7 Create the copy. Once the desired frame is displayed, press 1. 8 Preview the movie. To preview the copy, highlight Preview and press J (to interrupt the preview and return to the save options menu, press 1). To abandon the current copy and select a new start point or end point as described on the foregoing pages, highlight Cancel and press J; to save the copy, proceed to Step 9. 148 Recording and Viewing Movies 9 Save the copy. Highlight Save as new file and press J to save the copy to a new file. To replace the original movie file with the edited copy, highlight Overwrite existing file and press J. D Trimming Movies Movies must be at least two seconds long. The copy will not be saved if there is insufficient space available on the memory card. Copies have the same time and date of creation as the original. A Removing Opening or Closing Footage To remove only the opening footage from the movie, proceed to Step 7 without pressing the A (L) button in Step 6. To remove only the closing footage, select End point in Step 4, select the closing frame, and proceed to Step 7 without pressing the A (L) button in Step 6. Recording and Viewing Movies 149 Saving Selected Frames To save a copy of a selected frame as a JPEG still: 1 Pause the movie on the desired frame. Play the movie back as described on page 144, pressing J to start and resume playback and 3 to pause. Pause the movie at the frame you intend to copy. 2 Choose Save selected frame. Press the P button, then highlight Save selected frame and press 2. P button 150 Recording and Viewing Movies 3 Create a still copy. Press 1 to create a still copy of the current frame. 4 Save the copy. Highlight Yes and press J to create a fine-quality (0 84) JPEG copy of the selected frame. A Save Selected Frame JPEG movie stills created with the Save selected frame option can not be retouched. JPEG movie stills lack some categories of photo information (0 156). Recording and Viewing Movies 151 Playback and Deletion Full-Frame Playback To play photographs back, press the K button. The most recent photograph will be displayed in the monitor. K button To Use View additional photographs View additional photo info Return to shooting mode Description Press 2 to view photographs in order recorded, 4 to view photographs in reverse order. Change photo info displayed (0 156). K/ Play movie 152 Playback and Deletion Press the K button or press the shutter-release button halfway to exit to shooting mode. If current picture is marked with 1 icon to show that it is a movie, pressing J starts movie playback (0 144). Thumbnail Playback To display images in “contact sheets” of 4, 9, or 72 images, press the W (Q) button. W (Q) W (Q) X X Full-frame playback Thumbnail playback To Use Calendar playback Description Highlight images Use multi selector or command dial to highlight pictures. View highlighted image Press J to display the highlighted image full frame. Return to shooting mode K/ Press the K button or press the shutter-release button halfway to exit to shooting mode. Playback and Deletion 153 Calendar Playback To view images taken on a selected date, press the W (Q) button when 72 images are displayed. W (Q) W (Q) Date list X X Full-frame playback Thumbnail playback Thumbnail list Calendar playback The operations that can be performed depend on whether the cursor is in the date list or the thumbnail list: To Use W (Q) Toggle between date list and thumbnail list Exit to thumbnail playback/Zoom in on highlighted photo X Description Press W (Q) or J button in date list to place cursor in thumbnail list. Press W (Q) again to return to date list. • Date list: Exit to 72-frame playback. • Thumbnail list: Press and hold X button to zoom in on highlighted picture. Highlight dates/ Highlight images • Date list: Highlight date. • Thumbnail list: Highlight picture. Toggle full frame playback Thumbnail list: View highlighted picture. Return to shooting mode K/ 154 Playback and Deletion Press the K button or press the shutter-release button halfway to exit to shooting mode. The P Button Pressing the P button in full-frame, thumbnail, or calendar playback displays the options listed below. Highlight items and press 2 to view options. • Rating: Rate the current picture (0 169). P button • Retouch (photographs only): Use the options in the retouch menu (0 227) to create a retouched copy of the current photograph. • Edit movie (movies only): Edit movies using the options in the edit movie menu (0 146). Movies can also be edited by pressing the P button when movie playback is paused. • Select to send to smart device/deselect (photographs only): Select photos for upload to a smart device. To exit the P-button menu and return to playback, press the P button again. Playback and Deletion 155 Photo Information Photo information is superimposed on images displayed in fullframe playback. Press 1 or 3 to cycle through photo information as shown below. Note that “image only”, shooting data, RGB histograms, highlights, and overview data are only displayed if corresponding option is selected for Playback display options (0 187). Location data are only displayed if embedded in the picture (0 221). File information None (image only) Overview Highlights Location data RGB histogram Shooting data 156 Playback and Deletion ❚❚ File Information 1 Protect status...............................168 6 Image quality ................................ 84 2 Retouch indicator .......................228 7 Image size....................................... 86 3 Upload marking .................155, 189 8 Time of recording ................ 25, 205 4 Frame number/total number of images 9 Date of recording................. 25, 205 10 Folder name................................. 219 5 File name ......................................221 11 Rating ............................................ 169 ❚❚ Highlights * 1 Image highlights 2 Folder number–frame number * Flashing areas indicate highlights (areas that may be overexposed). Playback and Deletion 157 ❚❚ RGB Histogram 1 Histogram (RGB channel). In all histograms, horizontal axis gives pixel brightness, vertical axis number of pixels. 2 Histogram (red channel) 3 Histogram (green channel) 4 Histogram (blue channel) 5 White balance.............................. 121 White balance fine-tuning ....... 124 Preset manual.............................. 126 A Playback Zoom To zoom in on the photograph when the histogram is displayed, press X. Use the X and W (Q) buttons to zoom in and out and scroll the image with the multi selector. The histogram will be updated to show only the data for the portion of the image visible in the monitor. 158 Playback and Deletion A Histograms Camera histograms are intended as a guide only and may differ from those displayed in imaging applications. Some sample histograms are shown below: If the image contains objects with a wide range of brightnesses, the distribution of tones will be relatively even. If the image is dark, tone distribution will be shifted to the left. If the image is bright, tone distribution will be shifted to the right. Increasing exposure compensation shifts the distribution of tones to the right, while decreasing exposure compensation shifts the distribution to the left. Histograms can provide a rough idea of overall exposure when bright ambient lighting makes it difficult to see photographs in the monitor. Playback and Deletion 159 ❚❚ Shooting Data 1 Metering .......................................111 Shutter speed ................................ 98 Aperture.......................................... 98 7 Flash type ............................ 197, 262 Commander mode 2 2 Shooting mode ......... 32, 48, 51, 98 ISO sensitivity 1 .............................. 93 9 Flash control ................................ 197 Flash compensation................... 117 8 Flash mode...............................88, 90 3 Exposure compensation ...........115 10 Camera name 4 Focal length..................................261 5 Lens data 6 Focus mode.................................... 69 Lens VR (vibration reduction) 2 ................................................ 17, 198 1 Displayed in red if photo was taken with auto ISO sensitivity control on. 2 Displayed only in photos taken with accessories that support this function. 160 Playback and Deletion 11 White balance ............................. 121 12 Color space .................................. 194 White balance fine-tuning ....... 124 13 Picture Control * .......................... 132 Preset manual.............................. 126 * Items displayed vary with Picture Control selected. 14 Noise reduction........................... 195 17 Retouch history........................... 227 15 Active D-Lighting *...................... 119 18 Image comment ......................... 211 16 Vignette control .......................... 195 * AUTO is displayed if photo was taken with Active D-Lighting on. Playback and Deletion 161 19 Name of photographer * ........... 212 20 Copyright holder * ...................... 212 * Copyright information is only displayed if recorded with the photograph using the Copyright information option in the setup menu. 162 Playback and Deletion ❚❚ Overview Data 1 Frame number/total number of images 15 Rating ............................................ 169 16 Metering ....................................... 111 2 Upload marking .................155, 189 17 Shooting mode ..........32, 48, 51, 98 3 Protect status...............................168 18 Shutter speed ................................ 98 4 Retouch indicator .......................228 19 Aperture.......................................... 98 5 Camera name 20 ISO sensitivity 1 .............................. 93 6 Image comment indicator........211 21 Focal length ................................. 261 7 Location data indicator .............221 22 Active D-Lighting 2 ..................... 119 8 Histogram showing the 23 Picture Control ............................ 132 distribution of tones in the image 24 Color space................................... 194 (0 159). 25 Flash mode...............................88, 90 9 Image quality................................. 84 26 Flash compensation................... 117 10 Image size....................................... 86 Commander mode 3 11 File name ......................................221 27 White balance.............................. 121 12 Time of recording ................ 25, 205 White balance fine-tuning ....... 124 Preset manual.............................. 126 13 Date of recording................. 25, 205 14 Folder name .................................219 28 Exposure compensation ........... 115 1 Displayed in red if photo was taken with ISO sensitivity auto control on. 2 AUTO is displayed if photo was taken with Active D-Lighting on. 3 Displayed only in photos taken with accessories that support this function. Playback and Deletion 163 ❚❚ Location Data The latitude, longitude, and other location data are supplied by and vary with the smart device (0 221). In the case of movies, the data give the location at the start of recording. 164 Playback and Deletion Taking a Closer Look: Playback Zoom Press the X button to zoom in on the image displayed in fullframe playback or on the image currently highlighted in thumbnail or calendar playback. The following operations can be performed while zoom is in effect: To Zoom in or out View other areas of image Use Description Press X to zoom in to maximum of approximately 38× (large images), 28× X / (medium images) or 19× (small images). W (Q) Press W (Q) to zoom out. While photo is zoomed in, use multi selector to view areas of image not visible in monitor. Keep multi selector pressed to scroll rapidly to other areas of frame. Navigation window is briefly displayed when zoom ratio is altered; area currently visible in monitor is indicated by yellow border. Zoom ratio is shown by bar at bottom of navigation window; when zoom ratio is 100%, bar is displayed green. Crop image P Zoom in on faces P To crop image to area currently visible in monitor, press P and select Trim (0 166). To zoom in on faces detected by camera, press P and select Face zoom (0 167). This option is available only if faces are detected. If faces are detected when the RGB histogram (0 158) display is zoomed in, Face zoom will be available in the P-button menu (Trim, however, will not be available). Playback and Deletion 165 To Use View other images Cancel zoom and return to full-frame playback. Cancel zoom Change protect status Description Rotate command dial to view same location in other images at current zoom ratio. Playback zoom is cancelled when a movie is displayed. A (L) See page 168 for more information. ❚❚ Cropping Photos Follow the steps below to crop photos displayed during playback zoom to the area currently visible in the monitor. 1 Press P. After adjusting zoom and scrolling the photo until only the area you wish to keep is visible in the monitor, press the P button. P button 2 Select Trim. Highlight Trim and press 2. 3 Select Done. Highlight Done and press J to create a cropped copy containing only the portion of the image displayed in the monitor. 166 Playback and Deletion ❚❚ Face Zoom To zoom in on a face detected by the camera, press the P button in the zoom display and then highlight Face zoom and press J. P button The current subject is indicated by a white frame in the navigation window. Press X or W (Q) to zoom in or out, or use the multi selector to view other faces. Playback and Deletion 167 Protecting Photographs from Deletion Press the A (L) button to protect the current picture from accidental deletion. Protected files are marked with a P icon and can not be deleted using the O button or the Delete option in the playback menu. Note that protected images will be deleted when the memory card is formatted (0 201). To remove protection from a picture so that it can be deleted, display or highlight it and press the A (L) button. A (L) button A Removing Protection from All Images To remove protection from all images in the folder or folders currently selected in the Playback folder menu (0 187), press the A (L) and O buttons together for about two seconds during playback. 168 Playback and Deletion Rating Pictures Rate pictures or mark them as candidates for later deletion. Ratings can also be viewed in ViewNX-i and Capture NX-D. Rating is not available with protected images. Rating Individual Pictures 1 Select an image. Display or highlight the image. 2 Display playback options. Press the P button to display playback options. P button 3 Select Rating. Highlight Rating and press 2. 4 Choose a rating. Press 4 or 2 to choose a rating of from zero to five stars, or select ) to mark the picture as a candidate for later deletion. Press J to complete the operation. Playback and Deletion 169 Rating Multiple Pictures Use the Rating option in the playback menu to rate multiple pictures. 1 Select Rating. Highlight Rating in the playback menu and press 2. 2 Rate pictures. Use the multi selector to highlight pictures (to view the currently highlighted picture full frame, press and hold the X button) and keeping the W (Q) button pressed, press 1 or 3 to choose a rating of from zero to five stars, or select ) to mark the picture as a candidate for later deletion. Press J to complete the operation. 170 Playback and Deletion Deleting Photographs To delete the current photograph, press the O button. To delete multiple selected photographs, all photographs taken on a selected date, or all photographs in the current playback folder, use the Delete option in the playback menu. Once deleted, photographs can not be recovered. Note that pictures that are protected can not be deleted. During Playback Press the O button to delete the current photograph. 1 Press the O button. A confirmation dialog will be displayed. O button 2 Press the O button again. To delete the photograph, press the O button again. To exit without deleting the photograph, press the K button. A Calendar Playback During calendar playback, you can delete all photographs taken on a selected date by highlighting the date in the date list and pressing the O button (0 154). Playback and Deletion 171 The Playback Menu The Delete option in the playback menu contains the following options. Note that depending on the number of images, some time may be required for deletion. Option Q Selected n Select date R All Description Delete selected pictures. Delete all pictures taken on a selected date (0 173). Delete all pictures in the folder currently selected for playback (0 187). ❚❚ Selected: Deleting Selected Photographs 1 Select the highlighted picture. Use the multi selector to highlight a picture and press the W (Q) button to select or deselect (to view the highlighted picture full screen, press and hold the X button). Selected W (Q) button pictures are marked by a O icon. Repeat as desired to select additional pictures. 2 Press J to complete the operation. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; highlight Yes and press J. 172 Playback and Deletion ❚❚ Select Date: Deleting Photographs Taken on a Selected Date 1 Select dates. Highlight a date and press 2 to select all pictures taken on the highlighted date. Selected dates are indicated by check marks. Repeat as desired to select additional dates; to deselect a date, highlight it and press 2. 2 Press J to complete the operation. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; highlight Yes and press J. Playback and Deletion 173 Slide Shows The Slide show option in the playback menu is used to display a slide show of the pictures in the current playback folder (0 187). 1 Select Slide show. Highlight Slide show in the playback menu and press 2. 2 Start the slide show. Highlight Start in the slide show menu and press J. The following operations can be performed while the slide show is in progress: To Use Description Skip back/skip ahead Press 4 to return to previous frame, 2 to skip to next frame. View additional photo info Change photo info displayed (0 156). Pause Pause show. Select Restart to resume. Raise/lower X / W (Q) volume Exit to playback K mode 174 Playback and Deletion Press X during movie playback to increase volume, W (Q) to decrease. End show and return to playback mode. The dialog shown at right is displayed when the show ends. Select Restart to restart or Exit to return to the playback menu. Playback and Deletion 175 Slide Show Options Before starting a slide show, you can use the options in the slide show menu to select the images displayed by type or rating and choose how long each image is displayed. • Image type: Choose from Still images and movies, Still images only, Movies only, and By rating. To include only pictures with selected ratings, highlight By rating and press 2. A list of ratings will be displayed; highlight ratings and press 2 to select or deselect pictures with the highlighted rating for inclusion in the slide show. Selected ratings are indicated by a check mark. Press J to exit when the desired ratings are selected. • Frame interval: Choose how long still images are displayed. 176 Playback and Deletion Connections Installing ViewNX-i To fine-tune photos and upload and view pictures, download the latest version of the ViewNX-i installer from the following website and follow the on-screen instructions to complete installation. An Internet connection is required. For system requirements and other information, see the Nikon website for your region. http://downloadcenter.nikonimglib.com/ A Capture NX-D Use Nikon’s Capture NX-D software to fine-tune photos or to change settings for NEF (RAW) pictures and save them in other formats. Capture NX-D is available for download from: http://downloadcenter.nikonimglib.com/ Connections 177 Copying Pictures to the Computer Before proceeding, be sure you have installed ViewNX-i (0 177). 1 Connect the USB cable. After turning the camera off and ensuring that a memory card is inserted, connect a USB cable (available separately) as shown and then turn the camera on. D USB Hubs Connect the camera directly to the computer; do not connect the cable via a USB hub or keyboard. A Use a Reliable Power Source To ensure that data transfer is not interrupted, be sure the camera battery is fully charged. A Connecting Cables Be sure the camera is off when connecting or disconnecting interface cables. Do not use force or attempt to insert the connectors at an angle. 178 Connections 2 Start Nikon Transfer 2 component of ViewNX-i. If a message is displayed prompting you to choose a program, select Nikon Transfer 2. D During Transfer Do not turn the camera off or disconnect the USB cable while transfer is in progress. A Windows 7 If the following dialog is displayed, select Nikon Transfer 2 as described below. 1 Under Import pictures and videos, click Change program. A program selection dialog will be displayed; select Nikon Transfer 2 and click OK. 2 Double-click . A Windows 10 and Windows 8.1 Windows 10 and Windows 8.1 may display an AutoPlay prompt when the camera is connected. Tap or click the dialog and then tap or click Nikon Transfer 2 to select Nikon Transfer 2. A OS X If Nikon Transfer 2 does not start automatically, confirm that the camera is connected and then launch Image Capture (an application that comes with OS X) and select Nikon Transfer 2 as the application that opens when the camera is detected. Connections 179 3 Click Start Transfer. Pictures on the memory card will be copied to the computer. Start Transfer 4 Terminate the connection. When transfer is complete, turn the camera off and disconnect the USB cable. A For More Information Consult online help for more information on using ViewNX-i. 180 Connections Printing Photographs Selected JPEG images can be printed on a PictBridge printer (0 303) connected directly to the camera. Connecting the Printer Connect the camera using a USB cable (available separately). Do not use force or attempt to insert the connectors at an angle. When the camera and printer are turned on, a welcome screen will be displayed in the monitor, followed by a PictBridge playback display. D Selecting Photographs for Printing NEF (RAW) photographs (0 84) can not be selected for printing. JPEG copies of NEF (RAW) images can be created using the NEF (RAW) processing option in the retouch menu (0 230). D Date Imprint If you select On for Print date in the PictBridge menu when printing photographs containing date information recorded using Date stamp in the setup menu (0 202), the date will appear twice. The imprinted date may however be cropped out if the photographs are cropped or printed without a border. Connections 181 Printing Pictures One at a Time 1 Display the desired picture. Press 4 or 2 to view additional pictures. Press the X button to zoom in on the current frame (0 165; press K to exit zoom). To view six pictures at a time, press the W (Q) button. Use the multi selector to highlight pictures, or press X to display the highlighted picture full frame. 2 Adjust printer settings. Press J to display the following items, then press 1 or 3 to highlight an item and press 2 to view options (only options supported by the current printer are listed; to use the default option, select Printer default). After selecting an option, press J to return to the printer settings menu. Option Page size Description Choose a page size. This option is listed only when pictures are printed No. of copies one at a time. Press 1 or 3 to choose number of copies (maximum 99). Border Choose whether to frame photos in white borders. Choose whether to print the times and dates of Print date recordings on photos. This option is listed only when pictures are printed one at a time. To exit without cropping, highlight No cropping and press J. To crop the current picture, highlight Crop and press 2. A crop selection dialog Cropping will be displayed; press X to increase the size of the crop, W (Q) to decrease, and use the multi selector to position the crop. Note that print quality may drop if small crops are printed at large sizes. 3 Start printing. Select Start printing and press J to start printing. To cancel before all copies have been printed, press J. 182 Connections Printing Multiple Pictures 1 Display the PictBridge menu. Press the G button in the PictBridge playback display. 2 Choose an option. Highlight one of the following options and press 2. • Print select: Select pictures for printing. Use the multi selector to highlight pictures (to view the highlighted picture full screen, press and hold the X button) and keeping the W (Q) button pressed, press 1 or 3 to choose the number of prints. To deselect a picture, set the number of prints to zero. • Select date: Print one copy of all the pictures taken on selected dates. Press 1 or 3 to highlight dates and press 2 to select or deselect. To view the pictures taken on the selected date, press W (Q). Use the multi selector to scroll through the pictures, or press and hold X to view the current picture full screen. Press W (Q) again to return to the date selection dialog. • Index print: To create an index print of all JPEG pictures on the memory card, proceed to Step 3. Note that if the memory card contains more than 256 pictures, only the first 256 images will be printed. A warning will be displayed if the page size selected in Step 3 is too small for an index print. 3 Adjust printer settings. Adjust printer settings as described in Step 2 on page 182. 4 Start printing. Select Start printing and press J to start printing. To cancel before all copies have been printed, press J. Connections 183 Viewing Pictures on TV The optional High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) cable (0 268) can be used to connect the camera to high-definition video devices. Always turn the camera off before connecting or disconnecting an HDMI cable. Connect to camera Connect to high-definition device (choose cable with connector for HDMI device) Tune the device to the HDMI channel, then turn the camera on and press the K button. During playback, images will be displayed on the television screen. Note that the edges of images may not be displayed. A Playback Volume Volume can be adjusted using television controls; the camera controls can not be used. A Television Playback Use of an AC adapter (available separately) is recommended for extended playback. 184 Connections ❚❚ Choosing an Output Resolution To choose the format for images output to the HDMI device, select HDMI > Output resolution in the camera setup menu (0 199). If Auto is selected, the camera will automatically select the appropriate format. ❚❚ Controlling the Camera with the TV Remote If On is selected for HDMI >Device control in the setup menu (0 199) when the camera is connected to a television that supports HDMI-CEC and both the camera and television are on, the television remote can be used in place of the camera multi selector and J button during full-frame playback and slide shows. If Off is selected, the television remote can not be used to control the camera, but the camera can be used to shoot photographs and movies in live view. A HDMI-CEC Devices HDMI-CEC (High-Definition Multimedia Interface–Consumer Electronics Control) is a standard that allows HDMI devices to be used to control peripherals to which they are connected. When the camera is connected to an HDMI-CEC device, ) will appear in the viewfinder in place of the number of exposures remaining. A 1920 × 1080 60p/50p Selecting 1920 × 1080; 60p or 1920 × 1080; 50p for Movie settings > Frame size/frame rate may cause variations in the resolution and frame rate of the data output to HDMI devices during recording. A HDMI > Output Resolution Movies can not be output at resolutions of 1920 × 1080; 60p or 1920 × 1080; 50p. Some devices may not support an Output resolution setting of Auto. Connections 185 Camera Menus D The Playback Menu: Managing Images To display the playback menu, press G and select the D (playback menu) tab. G button Playback Menu Options The playback menu contains the following options: Option Delete Playback folder Playback display options Image review Auto image rotation Rotate tall Slide show Image type Frame interval Rating Select to send to smart device 186 D The Playback Menu: Managing Images Default — All — On On On Still images and movies 2s — — 0 172 187 187 188 188 189 174 170 189 Playback Folder G button ➜ D playback menu Choose a folder for playback: Option Description Pictures in all folders created with the D3400 will be visible during playback. All Pictures in all folders will be visible during playback. Only photos in the folder currently selected for Storage Current folder in the setup menu (0 219) are displayed during playback. D3400 Playback Display Options G button ➜ D playback menu Choose the information available in the playback photo information display (0 156). Press 1 or 3 to highlight and press 2 to select or deselect. Selected items are indicated by check marks. To return to the playback menu, press J. D The Playback Menu: Managing Images 187 Image Review G button ➜ D playback menu Choose whether pictures are automatically displayed in the monitor immediately after shooting. If Off is selected, pictures can only be displayed by pressing the D button. Auto Image Rotation G button ➜ D playback menu Photographs taken while On is selected contain information on camera orientation, allowing them to be rotated automatically during playback or when viewed in ViewNX-i or in Capture NX-D. The following orientations are recorded: Landscape (wide) orientation Camera rotated 90° clockwise Camera rotated 90° counterclockwise Camera orientation is not recorded when Off is selected. Choose this option when panning or taking photographs with the lens pointing up or down. 188 D The Playback Menu: Managing Images Rotate Tall G button ➜ D playback menu If On is selected, “tall” (portrait-orientation) pictures will be automatically rotated for display in the monitor (pictures taken with Off selected for Auto image rotation will still be displayed in landscape orientation). Note that because the camera itself is already in the appropriate orientation during shooting, images are not rotated automatically during image review. Select to Send to Smart Device G button ➜ D playback menu Select photos for upload to the smart device. Movies can not be selected for upload. Option Description Select image(s) Mark pictures for upload to the smart device. Deselect all Remove the upload markings from all pictures. D The Playback Menu: Managing Images 189 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options To display the shooting menu, press G and select the C (shooting menu) tab. G button Shooting Menu Options The shooting menu contains the following options: Option Reset shooting menu Image quality Image size ISO sensitivity settings P, S, A, M ISO sensitivity Other modes Auto ISO sensitivity control Maximum sensitivity Minimum shutter speed White balance Fluorescent Set Picture Control Color space Active D-Lighting Noise reduction Vignette control 190 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options Default — JPEG normal Large 100 Auto On 25600 Auto Auto Cool-white fluorescent Standard sRGB On On Normal 0 192 84 86 93 193 121 123 132 194 119 195 195 Option Auto distortion control Focus mode Viewfinder Live view/movie AF-area mode n, 1, 2, 3 Viewfinder m Other modes k, l, p, o Live view/ n movie Other modes Built-in AF-assist illuminator Metering Flash cntrl for built-in flash/ Optional flash Optical VR * Movie settings Frame size/frame rate Movie quality Microphone Wind noise reduction Manual movie settings Default Off 0 196 Auto-servo AF Single-servo AF 69 70 Single-point AF Dynamic-area AF Auto-area AF Face-priority AF Normal-area AF Wide-area AF On Matrix metering 196 111 TTL 197 On 198 1920×1080; 60p Normal Auto sensitivity Off Off 141, 142 74 75 * Available only with lenses that support this item. Note: Depending on camera settings, some items may be grayed out and unavailable. C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options 191 Reset Shooting Menu G button ➜ C shooting menu Select Yes to reset shooting menu settings. A Reset Shooting Options Selecting Yes for Reset shooting menu also restores Picture Control settings to their default values (0 134) and resets the following: Option Release mode m Other modes Focus point Flexible program A (L) button hold Flash mode i, k, p, n, S, T, ' o U P, S, A, M Exposure compensation Flash compensation Default Continuous Single frame Center Off Off Auto Auto slow sync Flash off Fill flash Off Off 0 62 76 100 215 87, 89 115 117 ISO Sensitivity Settings G button ➜ C shooting menu Adjust ISO sensitivity (0 93). 192 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options ❚❚ Auto ISO Sensitivity control This option is available with type E and G lenses (0 253) when the camera is in P, S, A, or M mode. If Off is selected, ISO sensitivity will remain fixed at the value selected by the user (0 93). When On is chosen, ISO sensitivity will automatically be adjusted if optimal exposure can not be achieved at the value selected by the user. The maximum value for auto ISO sensitivity can be selected using the Maximum sensitivity option in the Auto ISO sensitivity control menu (choose lower values to prevent noise (randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or lines), but note that if the ISO sensitivity selected by the user is higher than that chosen for Maximum sensitivity, the value selected by the user will be used instead; the minimum value for auto ISO sensitivity is automatically set to ISO 100). In modes P and A, sensitivity will only be adjusted if underexposure would result at the shutter speed selected for Minimum shutter speed (1/2000–30 s, or Auto; in modes S and M, sensitivity will be adjusted for optimal exposure at the shutter speed selected by the user). If Auto is selected, the camera will choose the minimum shutter speed based on the focal length of the lens. Slower shutter speeds will be used only if optimal exposure can not be achieved at the ISO sensitivity value selected for Maximum sensitivity. When On is selected, the viewfinder shows ISO AUTO and the information display ISO-A. These indicators flash when sensitivity is altered from the value selected by the user. C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options 193 A Maximum Sensitivity/Minimum Shutter Speed When auto ISO sensitivity control is enabled, the ISO sensitivity and shutter speed graphics in the information display show the maximum sensitivity and minimum shutter speed. Maximum sensitivity Minimum shutter speed A Auto ISO Sensitivity Control Note that ISO sensitivity may be raised automatically when auto ISO sensitivity control is used in combination with slow sync flash modes (available with the built-in flash and the optional flash units listed on page 262), possibly preventing the camera from selecting slow shutter speeds. Auto ISO sensitivity control is available only in i-TTL flash control mode (0 197, 262); in other modes, the value selected for ISO sensitivity will be used for pictures taken with the built-in flash or optional flash units. Color Space G button ➜ C shooting menu The color space determines the gamut of colors available for color reproduction. sRGB is recommended for general-purpose printing and display; Adobe RGB, with its broader gamut of colors, for professional publication and commercial printing. Regardless of the option selected, movies are recorded in sRGB. A Adobe RGB For accurate color reproduction, Adobe RGB images require applications, displays, and printers that support color management. A Color Space ViewNX-i and Capture NX-D automatically select the correct color space when opening photographs created with this camera. Results can not be guaranteed with third-party software. 194 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options Noise Reduction G button ➜ C shooting menu Select On to reduce noise (bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, or fog). Noise reduction takes effect at all ISO sensitivities, but is most noticeable at higher values. The time required for processing at shutter speeds slower than about 1 s roughly doubles; during processing, “l m” will flash in the viewfinder and photographs can not be taken. Noise reduction will not be performed if the camera is turned off before processing is complete. If Off is selected, noise reduction will only be performed as required; the amount of noise reduction is less than that performed when On is selected. Vignette Control G button ➜ C shooting menu “Vignetting” is a drop in brightness at the edges of a photograph. Vignette control reduces vignetting for type E and G lenses (0 253). Its effects vary from lens to lens and are most noticeable at maximum aperture. Choose from High, Normal, Low, and Off. A Vignette Control Depending on the scene, shooting conditions, and type of lens, JPEG images may exhibit noise (fog) or variations in peripheral brightness, while preset Picture Controls that have been modified from default settings may not produce the desired effect. Take test shots and view the results in the monitor. Vignette control does not apply to movies (0 138) or to pictures taken with lenses that support FX format. C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options 195 Auto Distortion Control G button ➜ C shooting menu Select On to reduce barrel distortion when shooting with wideangle lenses and to reduce pin-cushion distortion when shooting with long lenses (note that the edges of the area visible in the viewfinder may be cropped out of the final photograph, and that the time needed to process photographs before recording begins may increase). This option does not apply to movies and is available only with type E and G lenses (fisheye, and certain other lenses excluded); results are not guaranteed with other lenses. A Retouch: Distortion Control For information on creating copies of existing photographs with reduced barrel and pin-cushion distortion, see page 237. Built-in AF-assist Illuminator G button ➜ C shooting menu Choose whether the built-in AF-assist illuminator lights to assist the focus operation when lighting is poor. Option On Off AF-assist illuminator Description The AF-assist illuminator lights when lighting is poor (for more information, see page 284). The AF-assist illuminator does not light to assist the focus operation. The camera may not be able to focus using autofocus when lighting is poor. 196 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options Flash Cntrl for Built-in Flash/Optional Flash G button ➜ C shooting menu Choose the flash mode for the built-in flash in P, S, A, and M modes. When an optional SB-500, SB-400, or SB-300 flash unit is attached and turned on, this option changes to Optional flash and is used to choose the flash mode for the optional flash unit. Option 1 TTL 2 Manual Description Flash output is adjusted automatically in response to shooting conditions. Choose a flash level. At full power, the built-in flash has a Guide Number of approximately 8/26 (m/ft., ISO 100, 20 °C/68 °F). A Manual A Y icon flashes in the viewfinder and 0 appears in the information display when Manual is selected and the flash is raised. C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options 197 A TTL Flash Control The following types of flash control are supported when a type E or G lens is used in combination with the built-in flash (0 87) or optional flash units (0 262). • i-TTL Balanced Fill-Flash for Digital SLR: Information from the 420-pixel RGB sensor is used to adjust flash output for a natural balance between the main subject and the background. • Standard i-TTL Fill-Flash for Digital SLR: Flash output is adjusted for the main subject; the brightness of the background is not taken into account. Standard i-TTL flash control is used with spot metering or when selected with the optional flash unit. i-TTL balanced fill-flash for digital SLR is used in all other cases. Optical VR G button ➜ C shooting menu This item is displayed only with lenses that support it. Selecting On enables vibration reduction, which takes effect whenever the shutter-release button is pressed halfway (0 309, 314, 318). Select Off to disable vibration reduction. A The Vibration Reduction Indicator A vibration reduction indicator appears in the information display when On is selected for Optical VR. 198 C The Shooting Menu: Shooting Options B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup To display the setup menu, press G and select the B (setup menu) tab. G button Setup Menu Options The setup menu contains the following options: Option Reset setup options Format memory card Date stamp Time zone and date 1 Sync with smart device Daylight saving time Language 1 Monitor brightness Info display format AUTO/SCENE/EFFECTS P/S/A/M Auto info display Auto off timers Self-timer Self-timer delay Number of shots Default — — Off 0 201 201 202 Off Off — 0 205 205 205 205 Graphic Graphic On Normal 10 s 1 206 206 207 208 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 199 Option Remote on duration (ML-L3) Lock mirror up for cleaning 2 Image Dust Off ref photo Image comment Copyright information Beep Flicker reduction Buttons Assign Fn button Assign AE-L/AF-L button Shutter-release button AE-L AF activation Rangefinder Manual focus ring in AF mode 3 File number sequence Storage folder File naming HDMI Output resolution Device control Location data Download from smart device Position Airplane mode Connect to smart device Send to smart device (auto) Bluetooth Network connection Paired devices Send while off 200 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Default 1 min — — — — Low Auto 0 208 273 209 211 212 213 213 ISO sensitivity AE/AF lock Off Enable Off Enable Off — DSC 214 215 215 215 216 217 218 219 221 Auto On 185 No — Disable — Off Disable — On 221 222 222 223 223 Option Eye-Fi upload 4 Conformity marking Slot empty release lock Reset all settings Firmware version 1 2 3 4 Default Enable — Release locked — — 0 224 225 226 226 226 Default varies with country of purchase. Not available when battery is low. Available only with lenses that support this item. Only available when compatible Eye-Fi memory card is inserted (0 224). Note: Depending on camera settings, some items may be grayed out and unavailable. Reset Setup Options G button ➜ B setup menu Select Yes to reset all setup menu settings except Time zone and date, Language, Storage folder, and Bluetooth > Paired devices to the defaults listed above. Format Memory Card G button ➜ B setup menu Memory cards must be formatted before first use or after being formatted in other devices. Format the card as described below. D Formatting Memory Cards Formatting memory cards permanently deletes any data they may contain. Be sure to copy any photographs and other data you wish to keep to a computer before proceeding (0 178). B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 201 1 Highlight Yes. To exit without formatting the memory card, highlight No and press J. 2 Press J. A message will be displayed while the card is formatted. Do not remove the memory card or remove or disconnect the power source until formatting is complete. Date Stamp G button ➜ B setup menu Choose the date information imprinted on photographs as they are taken. Date stamps can not be added to or removed from existing photos. Option Off a Date b Date and time c Date counter Description The time and date do not appear on photographs. The date or date and 15 . 04 . 2016 time are imprinted on photographs taken 15 . 04 . 2016 10 : 02 while this option is in effect. New photos are imprinted with a time stamp showing the number of days between the date of shooting and a selected date (0 203). 202 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup At settings other than Off, the selected option is indicated by a d icon in the information display. A Date Stamp The date is recorded in the order selected for Time zone and date (0 205). The imprinted data may be cropped out or rendered illegible in copies created when images are retouched (0 227). The date does not appear on NEF (RAW) or NEF (RAW)+JPEG images. ❚❚ Date Counter Pictures taken while this option is in effect are imprinted with the number of days remaining until a future date or the number of days elapsed since a past date. Use it to track the growth of a child or count down the days until a birthday or wedding. 02 / 15 . 04 . 2016 Future date (two days remaining) 02 / 19 . 04 . 2016 Past date (two days elapsed) The camera offers three slots for storing dates. 1 Enter the first date. The first time you select Date counter, you will be prompted to enter a date for the first slot. Enter a date using the multi selector and press J to exit to the date list. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 203 2 Enter additional dates or edit existing dates. To change a date or enter additional dates, highlight a slot, press 2, and enter a date as described above. 3 Choose a date. Highlight a slot in the date list and press J. 4 Choose a date counter format. Highlight Display options and press 2, then highlight a date format and press J. 5 Exit the date counter menu. Press J to exit the date counter menu. 204 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Time Zone and Date G button ➜ B setup menu Change time zones, synchronize the clock with the clock on a smart device, set the camera clock, choose the date display order, and turn daylight saving time on or off. Option Description Choose a time zone. The camera clock is automatically Time zone set to the time in the new time zone. Date and time Set the camera clock (0 25). Choose whether the camera clock is updated to the Sync with time (Coordinated Universal Time, or UTC), time zone, smart device and standard or daylight saving time supplied by the smart device. Choose the order in which the day, month, and year Date format are displayed. Daylight Turn daylight saving time on or off. The camera clock saving time will automatically be advanced or set back one hour. Language G button ➜ B setup menu Choose a language for camera menus and messages. Monitor Brightness G button ➜ B setup menu Press 1 or 3 to choose monitor brightness. Choose higher values for increased brightness, lower values for reduced brightness. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 205 Info Display Format G button ➜ B setup menu Choose an information display format (0 6). Formats can be chosen separately for auto, scene, and special effects modes and for P, S, A, and M modes. Classic Graphic 1 Select a shooting mode option. Highlight AUTO/SCENE/EFFECTS or P/S/A/M and press 2. 2 Select a design. Highlight a design and press J. Auto Info Display G button ➜ B setup menu If On is selected, the information display will appear after the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. If Off is selected, the information display can be viewed by pressing the R button. 206 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Auto off Timers G button ➜ B setup menu This option determines how long the monitor remains on if no operations are performed during menu display and playback (Playback/menus), while photographs are displayed in the monitor after shooting (Image review), and during live view (Live view), and how long the standby timer, viewfinder, and information display remain on when no operations are performed (Standby timer). Choose shorter auto-off delays to reduce the drain on the battery. Option C Short D Normal E Long F Custom Description (all times are approximate) Auto off timers are set to the following values: Playback/ Image Standby Live view menus review timer Short 20 s 4s 5 min. 4s Normal 5 min. 4s 10 min. 8s Long 10 min. 20 s 20 min. 1 min. Choose separate delays for Playback/menus, Image review, Live view, and Standby timer. When settings are complete, press J. A Auto off Timers The monitor and viewfinder will not turn off automatically when the camera is connected to a computer or printer via USB. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 207 Self-Timer G button ➜ B setup menu Choose the length of the shutter release delay and the number of shots taken. • Self-timer delay: Choose the length of the shutter-release delay. • Number of shots: Press 1 and 3 to choose the number of shots taken each time the shutter-release button is pressed (from 1 to 9; if a value other than 1 is selected, shots will be taken at intervals of about 4 seconds). Remote on Duration (ML-L3) G button ➜ B setup menu Choose how long the camera will wait for a signal from the optional ML-L3 remote control before cancelling remote release mode. Choose shorter times for longer battery life. This setting applies only during viewfinder photography. 208 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Image Dust Off Ref Photo G button ➜ B setup menu Acquire reference data for the Image Dust Off option in Capture NX-D (for more information, refer to Capture NX-D online help). Image Dust Off ref photo is available only when a type E or G lens is mounted on the camera. A lens with a focal length of at least 50 mm is recommended. When using a zoom lens, zoom all the way in. 1 Select Start. Highlight Start and press J. To exit without acquiring image dust off data, press G. The message shown at right will be displayed and “rEF” will appear in the viewfinder. 2 Frame a featureless white object in the viewfinder. With the lens about ten centimeters (four inches) from a welllit, featureless white object, frame the object so that it fills the viewfinder and then press the shutter-release button halfway. In autofocus mode, focus will automatically be set to infinity; in manual focus mode, set focus to infinity manually. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 209 3 Acquire Image Dust Off reference data. Press the shutter-release button the rest of the way down to acquire Image Dust Off reference data. The monitor turns off when the shutter-release button is pressed. If the reference object is too bright or too dark, the camera may be unable to acquire Image Dust Off reference data and the message shown at right will be displayed. Choose another reference object and repeat the process from Step 1. D Image Dust Off Reference Data The same reference data can be used for photographs taken with different lenses or at different apertures. Reference images can not be viewed using computer imaging software. A grid pattern is displayed when reference images are viewed on the camera. 210 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Image Comment G button ➜ B setup menu Add a comment to new photographs as they are taken. Comments can be viewed as metadata in ViewNX-i or Capture NX-D. The comment is also visible on the shooting data page in the photo information display (0 161). The following options are available: • Input comment: Input a comment as described below. Comments can be up to 36 characters long. • Attach comment: Select this option to attach the comment to all subsequent photographs. Attach comment can be turned on and off by highlighting it and pressing 2. After choosing the desired setting, press J to exit. A Text Entry The dialog at right is displayed when text entry is required. Use the multi selector to highlight the desired character in the keyboard area and press J to insert the highlighted character at the current cursor position (note that if a character is entered when the field is full, the last character in the field will be deleted). To delete the character under the cursor, press the O button. To move the cursor to a new position, rotate the command dial. To complete entry and return to the previous menu, press X. To exit without completing text entry, press G. Text display area Keyboard area B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 211 Copyright Information G button ➜ B setup menu Add copyright information to new photographs as they are taken. Copyright information is included in the shooting data shown in the photo information display and can be viewed as metadata in ViewNX-i or in Capture NX-D. The following options are available: • Artist: Enter a photographer name as described on page 211. Photographer names can be up to 36 characters long. • Copyright: Enter the name of the copyright holder as described on page 211. Copyright holder names can be up to 54 characters long. • Attach copyright information: Select this option to attach copyright information to all subsequent photographs. Attach copyright information can be turned on and off by highlighting it and pressing 2. After choosing the desired setting, press J to exit. D Copyright Information To prevent unauthorized use of the artist or copyright holder names, make sure that Attach copyright information is not selected and that the Artist and Copyright fields are blank before lending or transferring the camera to another person. Nikon does not accept liability for any damages or disputes arising from the use of the Copyright information option. 212 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Beep G button ➜ B setup menu Choose the pitch (High or Low) of the beep that sounds when the camera focuses and in self-timer and remote-control modes. Select Off to prevent the beep from sounding. The current setting is shown in the information display: 3 is displayed when the beep is on, 2 when it is off. Flicker Reduction G button ➜ B setup menu Reduce flicker and banding when shooting under fluorescent or mercury-vapor lighting during live view (0 39) or movie recording (0 138). Choose Auto to allow the camera to automatically choose the correct frequency, or manually match the frequency to that of the local AC power supply. A Flicker Reduction If Auto fails to produce the desired results and you are unsure as to the frequency of the local power supply, test both 50 and 60 Hz options and choose the one that produces the best results. Flicker reduction may not produce the desired results if the subject is very bright, in which case you should select mode A or M and choose a smaller aperture (higher f-number) before starting live view. Note that flicker reduction is not available when On is selected for Movie settings > Manual movie settings (0 142) in mode M. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 213 Buttons G button ➜ B setup menu ❚❚ Assign Fn Button Choose the role played by the Fn button. Fn button Option Description Keeping the Fn button pressed, rotate the Image v command dial to select image quality and size quality/size (0 84). ISO Keeping the Fn button pressed, rotate the w sensitivity command dial to select ISO sensitivity (0 93). Keeping the Fn button pressed, rotate the White m command dial to select white balance (P, S, A, and M balance modes only; 0 121). Keeping the Fn button pressed, rotate the Active ! command dial to select Active D-Lighting (P, S, A, D-Lighting and M modes only; 0 119). 214 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup ❚❚ Assign AE-L/AF-L Button Choose the role played by the A (L) button. A (L) button Option Description Focus and exposure lock while the A (L) button B AE/AF lock is pressed. Exposure locks while the A (L) button is C AE lock only pressed. Exposure locks when the A (L) button is AE lock pressed, and remains locked until the button is E (Hold) pressed a second time or the standby timer expires. F AF lock only Focus locks while the A (L) button is pressed. A AF-ON The A (L) button initiates autofocus. ❚❚ Shutter-Release Button AE-L If On is selected, exposure will lock when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. ❚❚ AF Activation Choose whether the camera focuses when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 215 Rangefinder G button ➜ B setup menu Choose On to use the exposure indicator to determine whether the camera is correctly focused in manual focus mode (0 81; note that this function is not available in shooting mode M, when the exposure indicator instead shows whether the subject is correctly exposed). Indicator Description Subject in focus. Focus point is slightly in front of subject. Focus point is well in front of subject. Focus point is slightly behind subject. Focus point is well behind subject. Camera can not determine correct focus. A Using the Electronic Rangefinder The electronic rangefinder requires a lens with a maximum aperture of f/5.6 or faster. The desired results may not be achieved in situations in which the camera would be unable to focus using autofocus (0 72). The electronic rangefinder is not available during live view. 216 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Manual Focus Ring in AF Mode G button ➜ B setup menu This item is displayed only with lenses that support it. Selecting Enable allows the lens focus ring to be used for manual focus when the camera is in autofocus mode; this is known as “autofocus with manual override” (M/A). After pressing the shutter-release button halfway to focus, keep the button pressed halfway and adjust focus using the focus ring. To refocus using autofocus, lift your finger from the shutter-release button and then press it halfway again. To prevent the lens focus ring being used for manual focus when the camera is in autofocus mode, select Disable. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 217 File Number Sequence G button ➜ B setup menu When a photograph is taken, the camera names the file by adding one to the last file number used. This option controls whether file numbering continues from the last number used when a new folder is created, the memory card is formatted, or a new memory card is inserted in the camera. Option On Off Reset Description When a new folder is created, the memory card formatted, or a new memory card inserted in the camera, file numbering continues from the last number used or from the largest file number in the current folder, whichever is higher. If a photograph is taken when the current folder contains a photograph numbered 9999, a new folder will be created automatically and file numbering will begin again from 0001. File numbering is reset to 0001 when a new folder is created, the memory card formatted, or a new memory card inserted in the camera. Note that a new folder is created automatically if a photograph is taken when the current folder contains 999 photographs. As for On, except that the next photograph taken is assigned a file number by adding one to the largest file number in the current folder. If the folder is empty, file numbering is reset to 0001. D File Number Sequence If the current folder is numbered 999 and contains either 999 photographs or a photograph numbered 9999, the shutter-release button will be disabled and no further photographs can be taken. Choose Reset for File number sequence and then either format the current memory card or insert a new memory card. 218 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Storage Folder G button ➜ B setup menu Select the folder in which subsequent images will be stored. ❚❚ Selecting Folders by Folder Number 1 Choose Select folder by number. Highlight Select folder by number and press 2. 2 Choose a folder number. Press 4 or 2 to highlight a digit, press 1 or 3 to change. If a folder with the selected number already exists, a W, X, or Y icon will be displayed to the left of the folder number: • W : Folder is empty. • X : Folder is partially full. • Y : Folder contains 999 pictures or a picture numbered 9999. No further pictures can be stored in this folder. 3 Save changes and exit. Press J to complete the operation and return to the main menu (to exit without choosing the storage folder, press the G button). If a folder with the specified number does not already exist, a new folder will be created. Subsequent photographs will be stored in the selected folder unless it is already full. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 219 ❚❚ Selecting Folders from a List 1 Choose Select folder from list. Highlight Select folder from list and press 2. 2 Highlight a folder. Press 1 or 3 to highlight a folder. 3 Select the highlighted folder. Press J to select the highlighted folder and return to the main menu. Subsequent photographs will be stored in the selected folder. D Folder and File Numbers If the current folder is numbered 999 and contains 999 pictures or a picture numbered 9999, the shutter-release will be disabled and no further photographs can be taken. To continue shooting, create a folder with a number less than 999, or select an existing folder with a number less than 999 and less than 999 images. A Startup Time Additional time may be required for camera startup if the memory card contains a very large number of files or folders. 220 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup File Naming G button ➜ B setup menu Photographs are saved using file names consisting of “DSC_” or, in the case of images that use the Adobe RGB color space (0 194), “_DSC”, followed by a four-digit number and a threeletter extension (e.g., “DSC_0001.JPG”). The File naming option is used to select three letters to replace the “DSC” portion of the file name. For information on editing file names, see page 211. A Extensions The following extensions are used: “.NEF” for NEF (RAW) images, “.JPG” for JPEG images, “.MOV” for movies, and “.NDF” for dust off reference data. In each pair of photographs recorded at image-quality settings of NEF (RAW)+JPEG, the NEF and JPEG images have the same file names but different extensions. Location Data G button ➜ B setup menu Adjust location data settings for use when the camera is connected to a smart device. Option Description Select Yes to download location data from the smart Download device and embed them in pictures taken over the next from smart two hours. Location data can not be acquired if the device camera is off or the standby timer has expired. View the location data supplied by a smart device (the Position items displayed vary with the device). The data for movies are those reported at the start of recording. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 221 Airplane Mode G button ➜ B setup menu Select Enable to disable the wireless features of Eye-Fi cards and Bluetooth connections to smart devices. Connect to Smart Device G button ➜ B setup menu Adjust settings for connection to smart devices. A Security Although one of the benefits of this product is that it allows others to freely connect for the wireless exchange of data anywhere within its range, the following may occur if security is not enabled: • Data theft: Malicious third-parties may intercept wireless transmissions to steal user IDs, passwords, and other personal information. • Unauthorized access: Unauthorized users may gain access to the network and alter data or perform other malicious actions. Note that due to the design of wireless networks, specialized attacks may allow unauthorized access even when security is enabled. 222 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup Send to Smart Device (Auto) G button ➜ B setup menu If On is selected, new photos will automatically be uploaded to the smart device (if the camera is not currently connected to the smart device, the photos will be marked for upload and uploaded the next time a wireless connection is established). Movies are not uploaded. A Upload Marking No more than 1000 photos can be marked for upload at a time. Before changing the rating of photos that are marked for upload, select Disable for Bluetooth > Network connection or switch wireless off by selecting Enable for Airplane mode. Bluetooth G button ➜ B setup menu List paired devices and adjust settings for connection to smart devices. Option Description Network Enable or disable Bluetooth. connection Paired devices View paired devices. Select Off to suspend wireless transmissions when Send while off the camera is turned off or the standby timer expires. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 223 Eye-Fi Upload G button ➜ B setup menu This option is displayed only when an Eye-Fi memory card (available separately from third-party suppliers) is inserted in the camera. Choose Enable to upload photographs to a preselected destination. Note that pictures will not be uploaded if signal strength is insufficient. Before uploading pictures via Eye-Fi, select Disable for Airplane mode (0 222) and Bluetooth > Network connection (0 223). Observe all local laws concerning wireless devices and choose Disable where wireless devices are prohibited. D Eye-Fi Cards Eye-Fi cards may emit wireless signals when Disable is selected. A g icon displayed when Disable is selected indicates that the camera is unable to control the Eye-Fi card (0 291); turn the camera off and remove the card. Select longer values for Auto off timers > Standby timer in the setup menu when using an Eye-Fi card. See the manual provided with the Eye-Fi card, and direct any inquiries to the manufacturer. The camera can be used to turn Eye-Fi cards on and off, but may not support other Eye-Fi functions. D Airplane Mode (0 222) Enabling airplane mode disables Eye-Fi upload. To resume Eye-Fi upload, select Disable for Airplane mode before selecting Enable for Eye-Fi upload. 224 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup When an Eye-Fi card is inserted, its status is indicated by an icon in the information display: • d: Eye-Fi upload disabled. • e: Eye-Fi upload enabled but no pictures available for upload. • f (static): Eye-Fi upload enabled; waiting to begin upload. • f (animated): Eye-Fi upload enabled; uploading data. • g: Error — camera can not control Eye-Fi card. If a flashing ( appears in the viewfinder, check that the Eye-Fi card firmware is up-to-date; if the error persists after the card firmware has been updated, insert a different card or format the card in the camera after copying any pictures it contains to a computer or other storage device. If the ( indicator is not flashing, pictures can be taken normally but you may be unable to change Eye-Fi settings. A Supported Eye-Fi Cards Some cards may not be available in some countries or regions; consult the manufacturer for more information. Eye-Fi cards are for use only in the country of purchase. Be sure the Eye-Fi card firmware has been updated to the latest version. Conformity Marking G button ➜ B setup menu View a selection of the standards with which the camera complies. B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup 225 Slot Empty Release Lock G button ➜ B setup menu If Release locked is selected, the shutter-release button is only enabled when a memory card is inserted in the camera. Selecting Enable release allows the shutter to be released when no memory card is inserted, although no pictures will be recorded (they will however be displayed in the monitor in demo mode). Reset All Settings G button ➜ B setup menu Reset all settings except Language, Time zone and date, and g mode options to their default values (0 190, 192, 201). Copyright information, image comments, and other usergenerated entries are also reset. Observe caution when using this option: once settings are reset, the original values can only be restored through separate manual adjustments to each of the affected items. Firmware Version G button ➜ B setup menu View the current camera firmware version. 226 B The Setup Menu: Camera Setup N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies To display the retouch menu, press G and select the N (retouch menu) tab. G button Retouch Menu Options The options in the retouch menu are used to create trimmed or retouched copies of existing pictures. The retouch menu is only displayed when a memory card containing photographs is inserted in the camera. Option 0 Option 0 0 NEF (RAW) processing 230 l Monochrome 240 k Trim 232 o Image overlay 241 1 Resize 233 q Color outline 243 i D-Lighting 235 U Photo illustration 244 2 Quick retouch 236 g Color sketch 244 j Red-eye correction 236 u Miniature effect 245 e Straighten 237 3 Selective color 246 ( Distortion control 237 ) Painting 248 r Perspective control 238 f Edit movie 146 ) Fisheye 238 Side-by-side p 249 comparison * m Filter effects 239 * Available only if retouch menu is displayed by pressing P and selecting Retouch when a retouched image or original is displayed in full-frame playback. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 227 Creating Retouched Copies To create a retouched copy: 1 Display retouch options. Highlight the desired item in the retouch menu and press 2. 2 Select a picture. Highlight a picture and press J (to view the highlighted picture full screen, press and hold the X button). A Retouch The camera may not be able to display or retouch images created with other devices. If the image was recorded at image quality settings of NEF (RAW) + JPEG (0 84), retouch options apply only to the RAW copy. 3 Select retouch options. For more information, see the section for the selected item. To exit without creating a retouched copy, press G. 4 Create a retouched copy. Press J to create a retouched copy. Except in the photo information “image only” page (0 156), retouched copies are indicated by a Z icon. 228 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies A Creating Retouched Copies During Playback To create a retouched copy of the picture currently displayed in fullframe playback (0 152), press P, then highlight Retouch and press 2 and select a retouch option (Image overlay excluded). A Retouching Copies Most options can be applied to copies created using other retouch options, although with the exceptions of Image overlay and Edit movie > Choose start/end point, each option can be applied only once (note that multiple edits may result in loss of detail). Options that can not be applied to the current image are grayed out and unavailable. A Image Quality and Size Except in the case of copies created with Trim and Resize, copies created from JPEG images are the same size and quality as the original, while copies created from NEF (RAW) photos are saved as large fine-quality JPEG images. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 229 NEF (RAW) Processing G button ➜ N retouch menu Create JPEG copies of NEF (RAW) photographs. 1 Select NEF (RAW) processing. Highlight NEF (RAW) processing in the retouch menu and press 2 to display a picture selection dialog listing only NEF (RAW) images created with this camera. 2 Select a photograph. Use the multi selector to highlight a photograph (to view the highlighted photograph full frame, press and hold the X button). Press J to select the highlighted photograph and proceed to the next step. 230 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 3 Choose settings for the JPEG copy. Adjust the settings listed below. Note that white balance and vignette control are not available with pictures created with image overlay (0 241), and that the effects of exposure compensation may differ from those that might have been expected when the photograph was taken. Image quality (0 84) Image size (0 86) White balance (0 121) Exposure compensation (0 115) Picture Control (0 132) High ISO NR Color space (0 194) Vignette control (0 195) D-Lighting (0 235) 4 Copy the photograph. Highlight EXE and press J to create a JPEG copy of the selected photograph. To exit without copying the photograph, press the G button. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 231 Trim G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a cropped copy of the selected photograph. The selected photograph is displayed with the selected crop shown in yellow; create a cropped copy as described in the following table. To Increase size of crop Reduce size of crop Use Description Press the X button to increase the size of X the crop. Press the W (Q) button to reduce the size of W (Q) the crop. Change crop aspect ratio Rotate the command dial to choose the aspect ratio. Move crop Use multi selector to position the crop. Press and hold to move the crop rapidly to the desired position. Create copy Save the current crop as a separate file. A Image Size The size of the copy (which varies with crop size and aspect ratio) appears at upper left in the crop display. A Viewing Cropped Copies Playback zoom may not be available when cropped copies are displayed. A See Also See page 166 for information on cropping pictures during playback zoom. 232 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Resize G button ➜ N retouch menu Create small copies of selected photographs. 1 Select Resize. To resize selected images, highlight Resize in the retouch menu and press 2. 2 Choose a size. Highlight Choose size and press 2. Highlight an option and press J. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 233 3 Choose pictures. Highlight Select image and press 2. Highlight pictures using the multi selector and press the W (Q) button to select or deselect (to view the highlighted picture full screen, press and hold the X button). Selected pictures are marked by a 1 icon. Press J when the selection is complete. W (Q) button 4 Save the resized copies. A confirmation dialog will be displayed. Highlight Yes and press J to save the resized copies. A Viewing Resized Copies Playback zoom may not be available when resized copies are displayed. 234 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies D-Lighting G button ➜ N retouch menu D-Lighting brightens shadows, making it ideal for dark or backlit photographs. Before D-Lighting (U Portrait disabled) D-Lighting (M Portrait enabled) Press 4 or 2 to choose the amount of correction performed; the effect can be previewed in the edit display. Press J to copy the photograph. ❚❚ “Portrait” To enable or disable this option, highlight Portrait and press 2. When Portrait is enabled, the camera will apply D-Lighting only to human portrait subjects, brightening up to three such subjects while leaving the background untouched for an effect similar to that achieved with a reflector. A Portrait Subjects The camera automatically selects up to three subjects for portrait D-Lighting (note that portrait D-Lighting can not be applied to photos taken with Off selected for Auto image rotation in the playback menu; 0 188). Depending on composition and how the subjects are posed, the desired results may not be achieved; if you are not satisfied, remove the check from Portrait. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 235 Quick Retouch G button ➜ N retouch menu Create copies with enhanced saturation and contrast. D-Lighting is applied as required to brighten dark or backlit subjects. Press 4 or 2 to choose the amount of enhancement. Press J to copy the photograph. Red-Eye Correction G button ➜ N retouch menu This option is used to correct “red-eye” caused by the flash, and is available only with photographs taken using the flash. The photograph selected for red-eye correction can be previewed in the edit display. Confirm the effects of red-eye correction and press J to create a copy. Note that red-eye correction may not always produce the expected results and may in very rare circumstances be applied to portions of the image that are not affected by red-eye; check the preview thoroughly before proceeding. 236 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Straighten G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a straightened copy of the selected image. Press 2 to rotate the image clockwise by up to five degrees in increments of approximately 0.25 degrees, 4 to rotate it counterclockwise (note that edges of the image will be trimmed to create a rectangular copy). Press J to save the retouched copy. Distortion Control G button ➜ N retouch menu Create copies with reduced peripheral distortion. Select Auto to let the camera correct distortion automatically and then make fine adjustments using the multi selector, or select Manual to reduce distortion manually (note that Auto is not available with photos taken using auto distortion control; see page 196). Press 2 to reduce barrel distortion, 4 to reduce pin-cushion distortion (note that greater amounts of distortion control result in more of the edges being cropped out). Press J to save the retouched copy. D Auto Auto is for use only with pictures taken with type E and G lenses (fisheye, and certain other lenses excluded); results are not guaranteed with other lenses. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 237 Perspective Control G button ➜ N retouch menu Create copies that reduce the effects of perspective taken from the base of a tall object. Use the multi selector to adjust perspective (note that greater amounts of perspective control result in more of the edges being cropped out). Press J to save the retouched copy. Before After Fisheye G button ➜ N retouch menu Create copies that appear to have been taken with a fisheye lens. Press 2 to increase the effect (this also increases the amount that will be cropped out at the edges of the image), 4 to reduce it. Press J to save the retouched copy. 238 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Filter Effects G button ➜ N retouch menu After adjusting filter effects as described below, press J to copy the photograph. Option Skylight Description Creates the effect of a skylight filter, making the picture less blue. Creates a copy with warm tone Warm filter filter effects, giving the copy a “warm” red cast. Add starburst effects to light sources. • Number of points: Choose from four, six, or eight. • Filter amount: Choose the brightness of the light Cross screen sources affected. • Filter angle: Choose the angle of the points. • Length of points: Choose the length of points. • Confirm: Preview the effects of the filter. Press X to preview the copy full frame. • Save: Create a retouched copy. Add a soft filter effect. Press 4 or 2 to choose the filter strength. Soft N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 239 Monochrome G button ➜ N retouch menu Copy photographs in Black-and-white, Sepia, or Cyanotype (blue and white monochrome). Selecting Sepia or Cyanotype displays a preview of the selected image; press 1 to increase color saturation, 3 to decrease. Press J to create a monochrome copy. Increase saturation Decrease saturation 240 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Image Overlay G button ➜ N retouch menu Image overlay combines two existing NEF (RAW) photographs to create a single picture that is saved separately from the originals; the results, which make use of RAW data from the camera image sensor, are noticeably better than overlays created in an imaging application. The new picture is saved at current image quality and size settings; before creating an overlay, set image quality and size (0 84, 86; all options are available). To create an NEF (RAW) copy, choose an image quality of NEF (RAW). + 1 Select Image overlay. Highlight Image overlay in the retouch menu and press 2. The dialog shown at right will be displayed, with Image 1 highlighted; press J to display a list of the NEF (RAW) pictures created with this camera. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 241 2 Select the first image. Use the multi selector to highlight the first photograph in the overlay. To view the highlighted photograph full frame, press and hold the X button. Press J to select the highlighted photograph and return to the preview display. 3 Select the second image. The selected image will appear as Image 1. Highlight Image 2 and press J, then select the second photo as described in Step 2. 4 Adjust gain. Highlight Image 1 or Image 2 and optimize exposure for the overlay by pressing 1 or 3 to select gain from values between 0.1 and 2.0. Repeat for the second image. The default value is 1.0; select 0.5 to halve gain or 2.0 to double it. The effects of gain are visible in the Preview column. 5 Preview the overlay. To preview the composition as shown at right, press 4 or 2 to place the cursor in the Preview column, then press 1 or 3 to highlight Overlay and press J (note that colors and brightness in the preview may differ from the final image). To save the overlay without displaying a preview, select Save. To return to Step 4 and select new photos or adjust gain, press W (Q). 242 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 6 Save the overlay. Press J while the preview is displayed to save the overlay. After an overlay is created, the resulting image will be displayed full-frame in the monitor. D Image Overlay The overlay has the same photo info as the photograph selected for Image 1. The current image comment is appended to the overlay when it is saved; copyright information, however, is not copied. Color Outline G button ➜ N retouch menu Create an outline copy of a photograph to use as a base for painting. Press J to save the retouched copy. Before After N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 243 Photo Illustration G button ➜ N retouch menu Sharpen outlines and simplify coloring for a poster effect. Press 2 or 4 to make outlines thicker or thinner. Press J to save the retouched copy. Before After Color Sketch G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a copy of a photograph that resembles a sketch made with colored pencils. Press 1 or 3 to highlight Vividness or Outlines and press 4 or 2 to change. Vividness can be increased to make colors more saturated, or decreased for a washed-out, monochromatic effect, while outlines can be made thicker or thinner. Thicker outlines make colors more saturated. Press J to save the retouched copy. 244 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Miniature Effect G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a copy that appears to be a photo of a diorama. Works best with photos taken from a high vantage point. The area that will be in focus in the copy is indicated by a yellow frame. To Press Description Choose Press W (Q) to choose orientation of area that is W (Q) orientation in focus. Choose area in focus Choose size Create copy If area of effect is in wide orientation, press 1 or 3 to position frame showing area of copy that will be in focus. Area in focus If area of effect is in tall orientation, press 4 or 2 to position frame showing area of copy that will be in focus. If area of effect is in wide orientation, press 4 or 2 to choose height. If area of effect is in tall orientation, press 1 or 3 to choose width. Create copy. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 245 Selective Color G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a copy in which only selected hues appear in color. 1 Select Selective color. Highlight Selective color in the retouch menu and press 2. 2 Select a photograph. Highlight a photograph and press J (to view the highlighted photograph full frame, press and hold the X button). 3 Select a color. Use the multi selector to position the cursor over an object and press A (L) to select the color of the object as one that will remain in the final copy (the camera may have difficulty detecting unsaturated colors; choose A (L) button a saturated color). To zoom in on the Selected color picture for precise color selection, press X. Press W (Q) to zoom out. 246 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 4 Highlight the color range. Color range Rotate the command dial to highlight the color range for the selected color. 5 Choose the color range. Press 1 or 3 to increase or decrease the range of similar hues that will be included in the final photograph. Choose from values between 1 and 7; note that higher values may include hues from other colors. 6 Select additional colors. To select additional colors, rotate the command dial to highlight another of the three color boxes at the top of the display and repeat Steps 3–5 to select another color. Repeat for a third color if desired. To deselect the highlighted color, press O (to remove all colors, press and hold O. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; select Yes). 7 Save the edited copy. Press J to copy the photograph. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 247 Painting G button ➜ N retouch menu Create a copy which emphasizes detail and color for a painterly effect. Press J to save the retouched copy. Before After 248 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies Side-by-side Comparison Compare retouched copies to the original photographs. This option is only available if the retouch menu is displayed by pressing the P button and selecting Retouch when a copy or original is played back full frame. 1 Select a picture. Select a retouched copy (shown by a Z icon) or a photograph that has been retouched in full-frame playback. Press P, then highlight Retouch and press 2. P button 2 Select Side-by-side comparison. Highlight Side-by-side comparison in the retouch menu and press J. N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies 249 3 Compare the copy with the original. Options used to create The source image is displayed on the copy left, the retouched copy on the right, with the options used to create the copy listed at the top of the display. Press 4 or 2 to switch between the source image and the retouched copy. To view the highlighted picture full frame, press and hold the X button. If Source Retouched the copy was created from two image copy images using Image overlay, press 1 or 3 to view the other source image. If multiple copies exist for the current source image, press 1 or 3 to view the other copies. Press J to return to playback with the highlighted image displayed. D Side-by-side comparison The source image will not be displayed if the copy was created from a photograph that has since been deleted or that was protected when the copy was made (0 168). 250 N The Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies m Recent Settings To display the recent settings menu, press G and select the m (recent settings) tab. G button The recent settings menu lists the 20 most recently used settings. Press 1 or 3 to highlight an option and press 2 to select. A Removing Items from the Recent Settings Menu To remove an item from the recent settings menu, highlight it and press the O button. A confirmation dialog will be displayed; press O again to delete the selected item. m Recent Settings 251 Technical Notes Read this chapter for information on compatible accessories, cleaning and storing the camera, and what to do if an error message is displayed or you encounter problems using the camera. Compatible Lenses Compatible CPU Lenses This camera supports autofocus with AF-P and type E and G AF-S lenses only. AF-S lenses have names beginning with AF-S and AF-P lenses with AF-P; for information on determining lens type (D, E, G, or CPU), see page 253. Autofocus is not supported with other autofocus (AF) lenses. The following table lists the features available with compatible lenses in viewfinder photography: Camera setting AF Lens 1 E type lens Type G AF-S/AF-P NIKKOR Type G AF NIKKOR D type lens PC-E NIKKOR series 4, 5 PC Micro 85mm f/2.8D 7 Other AF NIKKOR (except lenses for F3AF) AI-P NIKKOR Shooting mode Focus mode z z — — — — Metering system MF (with electronic MF rangefinder) z z z z z z z z z6 z z6 z M Other modes L M N z z z z3 z z3 z z z — z — z z z — z z z2 z2 z2 — z2 z2 — z8 z z3 — — — — z9 z z3 — — — 1 Assumes a combined aperture of f/5.6 or faster when AF-S teleconverter is attached. 2 Spot metering meters selected focus point (0 111). 3 Exposure indicator disabled. 252 Technical Notes 4 The shift knob for the PC-E NIKKOR 24mm f/3.5D ED may contact the camera body when the lens is revolved. 5 Shifting and/or tilting the lens interferes with exposure. 6 Can not be used with shifting or tilting. 7 Optimal exposure will only be achieved if the lens is at maximum aperture and the lens is not shifted or tilted. 8 When AF 80–200mm f/2.8, AF 35–70mm f/2.8, AF 28–85mm f/3.5–4.5 (New), or AF 28–85mm f/3.5–4.5 lenses are zoomed all the way in at the minimum focus distance, the in-focus indicator (I) may be displayed when the image on the matte screen in the viewfinder is not in focus. Before shooting, confirm that the image in the viewfinder screen is in focus. 9 With maximum aperture of f/5.6 or faster. • Noise in the form of lines may appear during autofocus when movies are recorded at high ISO sensitivities. Use manual focus or focus lock. D IX NIKKOR Lenses IX NIKKOR lenses can not be used. Attempting to attach an IX NIKKOR lens could damage the lens or camera. A Identifying CPU and Type G, E, and D Lenses CPU lenses can be identified by the presence of CPU contacts, type G, E, and D lenses by a letter on the lens barrel. Type G and E lenses are not equipped with a lens aperture ring. CPU contacts Aperture ring CPU lens Type G or E lens Type D lens A Type D Lenses Type D lenses may only be used when the camera is in mode M. Selecting another mode disables the shutter release. Aperture must be adjusted manually via the lens aperture ring and the camera metering system and i-TTL flash control can not be used. Technical Notes 253 Compatible Non-CPU Lenses Non-CPU lenses may only be used when the camera is in mode M. Selecting another mode disables the shutter release. Aperture must be adjusted manually via the lens aperture ring and the camera metering system, i-TTL flash control, and other features requiring a CPU lens can not be used. Some non-CPU lenses can not be used; see “Incompatible Accessories and NonCPU Lenses,” below. Camera setting Focus MF (with electronic rangefinder) Mode Other M modes AF MF Lens/accessory AI-, AI-modified NIKKOR or Nikon z z2 — z1 Series E lenses z z2 Non-AI lenses — z1 Medical NIKKOR 120mm f/4 — z z z 2, 3 Reflex NIKKOR — — z z2 PC NIKKOR — z4 z z2 5 AI-type Teleconverter — z z z2 PB-6 Bellows Focusing Attachment 6 — z1 z z2 Auto extension rings (PK-series 11A, z z2 — z1 12, or 13; PN-11) 1 With maximum aperture of f/5.6 or faster. 2 Exposure indicator can not be used. 3 Can be used at shutter speeds slower than flash sync speed by one step or more. 4 Can not be used with shifting or tilting. 5 With maximum effective aperture of f/5.6 or faster. 6 Attach in vertical orientation (can be used in horizontal orientation once attached). 254 Technical Notes — — — — — — — — D Incompatible Accessories and Non-CPU Lenses The following accessories and non-CPU lenses can NOT be used with the D3400: • TC-16A AF teleconverter • Lenses that require the AU-1 focusing unit (400mm f/4.5, 600mm f/5.6, 800mm f/8, 1200mm f/11) • Fisheye (6mm f/5.6, 7.5mm f/5.6, 8mm f/8, OP 10mm f/5.6) • 2.1cm f/4 • Extension Ring K2 • 180–600mm f/8 ED (serial numbers 174041–174180) • 360–1200mm f/11 ED (serial numbers 174031–174127) • 200–600mm f/9.5 (serial numbers 280001–300490) • AF lenses for the F3AF (AF 80mm f/2.8, AF 200mm f/3.5 ED, AF Teleconverter TC-16) • PC 28mm f/4 (serial number 180900 or earlier) • PC 35mm f/2.8 (serial numbers 851001–906200) • PC 35mm f/3.5 (old type) • Reflex 1000mm f/6.3 (old type) • Reflex 1000mm f/11 (serial numbers 142361–143000) • Reflex 2000mm f/11 (serial numbers 200111–200310) Technical Notes 255 D AF-Assist Illumination The AF-assist illuminator has a range of about 0.5–3.0 m (1 ft 8 in.–9 ft 10 in.); when using the illuminator, use a lens with a focal length of 18– 200 mm and remove the lens hood. AF-assist illumination is not available with the following lenses: • AF-S NIKKOR 14–24mm f/2.8G ED • AF-S NIKKOR 28–300mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR • AF-S DX NIKKOR 55–300mm f/4.5–5.6G ED VR • AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 70–200mm f/2.8G IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 70–200mm f/2.8G ED VR II • AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 80–200mm f/2.8D IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 80–400mm f/4.5–5.6G ED VR • AF-S VR Nikkor 200mm f/2G IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 200mm f/2G ED VR II • AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 200–400mm f/4G IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 200–400mm f/4G ED VR II • AF-S NIKKOR 200–500mm f/5.6E ED VR 256 Technical Notes At ranges under 1 m (3 ft 4 in.), the following lenses may block the AFassist illuminator and interfere with autofocus when lighting is poor: • AF-S DX NIKKOR 10–24mm f/3.5–4.5G ED • AF-S NIKKOR 16–35mm f/4G ED VR • AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 17–35mm f/2.8D IF-ED • AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 17–55mm f/2.8G IF-ED • AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–105mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR • AF-S DX VR Zoom-Nikkor 18–200mm f/3.5–5.6G IF-ED • AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–200mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR II • AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–300mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR • AF-S NIKKOR 24–70mm f/2.8G ED • AF-S NIKKOR 24–70mm f/2.8E ED VR • AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 24–120mm f/3.5–5.6G IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 24–120mm f/4G ED VR • AF-S NIKKOR 28mm f/1.8G • AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 28–70mm f/2.8D IF-ED • AF-S NIKKOR 35mm f/1.4G • AF-S NIKKOR 70–200mm f/4G ED VR • AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR • AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED • AF-S NIKKOR 85mm f/1.4G • AF-S NIKKOR 85mm f/1.8G • AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED Technical Notes 257 D The Built-in Flash The built-in flash can be used with lenses with focal lengths of 18–300 mm, although in some cases the flash may be unable to entirely light the subject at some ranges or focal lengths due to shadows cast by the lens (see the illustration below), while lenses that block the subject’s view of the red-eye reduction lamp may interfere with red-eye reduction. Remove lens hoods to prevent shadows. Shadow Vignetting The flash has a minimum range of 0.6 m and can not be used in the macro range of macro zoom lenses. The flash may be unable to light the entire subject with the following lenses at ranges less than those given below: Lens AF-S DX NIKKOR 10–24mm f/3.5–4.5G ED AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 12–24mm f/4G IF-ED AF-S NIKKOR 16–35mm f/4G ED VR AF-S DX NIKKOR 16–80mm f/2.8–4E ED VR AF-S DX NIKKOR 16–85mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 17–35mm f/2.8D IF-ED 258 Technical Notes Zoom position Minimum distance without vignetting 24 mm 1.5 m/ 5 ft 24 mm 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. 35 mm 24 mm 35–80 mm 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 24–85 mm No vignetting 28 mm 35 mm 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting Lens AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 17–55mm f/2.8G IF-ED AF-S NIKKOR 18–35mm f/3.5–4.5G ED AF Zoom-Nikkor 18–35mm f/3.5–4.5D IF-ED AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR, AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 18–70mm f/3.5–4.5G IF-ED AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–105mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 18–135mm f/3.5–5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–140mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR AF-S DX VR Zoom-Nikkor 18–200mm f/3.5–5.6G IF-ED, AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–200mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR II AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–300mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR AF Zoom-Nikkor 20–35mm f/2.8D IF AF-S NIKKOR 24mm f/1.4G ED AF-S NIKKOR 24–70mm f/2.8G ED 28 mm 35 mm 45–55 mm 24 mm 28–35 mm 24 mm 28–35 mm 18 mm 24–55 mm 18 mm 24–70 mm 18 mm 24 mm 35–105 mm 18 mm 24–135 mm 24 mm 35–140 mm Minimum distance without vignetting 1.5 m/ 5 ft 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.5 m/ 5 ft No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 2.5 m/ 8 ft 3 in. 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 2.0 m/ 6 ft 7 in. No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 24 mm 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. 35–200 mm No vignetting 35 mm 50 mm 105–300 mm 24 mm 28 mm 35 mm 24 mm 35 mm 50–70 mm 1.5 m/ 5 ft 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 2.5 m/ 8 ft 3 in. 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. 1.5 m/ 5 ft No vignetting Zoom position Technical Notes 259 Lens AF-S NIKKOR 24–70mm f/2.8E ED VR AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 24–120mm f/3.5–5.6G IF-ED AF-S NIKKOR 24–120mm f/4G ED VR AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 28–70mm f/2.8D IF-ED AF-S NIKKOR 28–300mm f/3.5–5.6G ED VR AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 200–400mm f/4G IF-ED, AF-S NIKKOR 200–400mm f/4G ED VR II Zoom position 50 mm 70 mm 24 mm 28–120 mm 24 mm 28 mm 35–120 mm 35 mm 50–70 mm 28 mm 35 mm 50–300 mm 200 mm 250 mm 300 mm 24 mm Minimum distance without vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.5 m/ 5 ft 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 1.5 m/ 5 ft No vignetting 1.5 m/ 5 ft 1.0 m/ 3 ft 4 in. No vignetting 4.0 m/ 13 ft 2 in. 3.0 m/9 ft 11 in. 2.5 m/8 ft 3 in. 3.0 m/9 ft 11 in. PC-E NIKKOR 24mm f/3.5D ED * * When not shifted or tilted. When used with the AF-S NIKKOR 14–24mm f/2.8G ED, the flash will be unable to light the entire subject at all ranges. 260 Technical Notes A Calculating Angle of View The size of the area exposed by a 35mm camera is 36 × 24 mm. The size of the area exposed by the D3400, in contrast, is 23.5 × 15.6 mm, meaning that the angle of view of a 35mm camera is approximately 1.5 times that of the D3400. The approximate focal length of lenses for the D3400 in 35mm format can be calculated by multiplying the focal length of the lens by about 1.5. Picture size (35mm format) (36 × 24 mm) Lens Picture diagonal Picture size (D3400) (23.5 × 15.6 mm) Angle of view (35mm format) Angle of view (D3400) Technical Notes 261 The Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS) Nikon’s advanced Creative Lighting System (CLS) offers improved communication between the camera and compatible flash units for improved flash photography. The built-in flash will not fire when an optional flash unit is attached. ❚❚ CLS-Compatible Flash Units The following features are available with CLS-compatible flash units: SB-300 SB-400 SU-800 SB-R200 z SB-500 Master Optical Advanced Wireless Lighting 262 Technical Notes z SB-600 SB-700 SB-910, SB-900, SB-800 SB-5000 Single flash i-TTL balanced fillflash for digital SLR 1 i-TTL Standard i-TTL fillflash for digital SLR %A Auto aperture A Non-TTL auto Distance-priority GN manual M Manual RPT Repeating flash Remote flash control i-TTL i-TTL Quick wireless flash [A:B] control %A Auto aperture A Non-TTL auto M Manual RPT Repeating flash z z z — — z z z2 z2 z z2 z — — z z z z3 — — — — — — — —4 z3 — — — — — — — z z z — — — — — — z z z z z z z z z — z z z — z — — z6 — — — z z7 — z z z z z — — z — z — — — — — — — z5 — — — — — — — — — z — — — — — — — — — — — — — z5 — — — — — — — z5 — — — — — — — SB-300 SB-400 SB-R200 SB-500 SU-800 SB-600 SB-700 SB-910, SB-900, SB-800 SB-5000 Remote Optical Advanced Wireless Lighting i-TTL i-TTL z z z z z — z — — Quick wireless flash [A:B] z z z z z — z — — control Auto aperture/ %A/A z8 z7 — — — — — — — Non-TTL auto M Manual z z z z z — z — — RPT Repeating flash z z z z z — — — — Radio-controlled Advanced Wireless Lighting — — — — — — — — — Color Information Communication (flash) z z z z z — — z z Color Information Communication (LED light) — — — — z — — — — AF-assist for multi-area AF z z z z — z9 — — — Red-eye reduction z z z z z — — z — Camera flash mode selection — — — — z — — z z Camera flash unit firmware update z z 10 z — z — — — z 1 Not available with spot metering. 2 Can also be selected with flash unit. 3 %A/A mode selection performed on flash unit using custom settings. “A” will be selected if lens is not type E or G. 4 “A” will be selected if lens is not type E or G. 5 Can only be selected with camera (0 197). 6 Available only during close-up photography. 7 “A” will be selected if lens is not type E or G, regardless of mode selected with flash unit. 8 Choice of %A and A depends on the option selected with master flash. 9 Available only in commander mode. 10 Firmware updates for the SB-910 and SB-900 can be performed from the camera. The SU-800 wireless speedlight commander: When mounted on a CLScompatible camera, the SU-800 can be used as a commander for SB-5000, SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700, SB-600, SB-500, or SB-R200 flash units in up to three groups. The SU-800 itself is not equipped with a flash. Technical Notes 263 ❚❚ Other Flash Units The following flash units can be used in non-TTL auto and manual modes. Use with the camera in mode S or M and a shutter speed of 1/200 s or slower selected. SB-80DX, SB-30, SB-27 2, SB-23, SB-28DX, SB-22S, SB-22, SB-29 3, SB-50DX 1 SB-28, SB-26, SB-20, SB-16B, SB-21B 3, SB-25, SB-24 SB-15 SB-29S 3 Flash mode A Non-TTL auto z — z — M Manual z z z z G Repeating flash z — — — z z z z REAR Rear-curtain sync 4 1 Select mode P, S, A, or M, lower built-in flash, and use optional flash unit only. 2 Flash mode is automatically set to TTL and shutter-release is disabled. Set flash unit to A (nonTTL auto flash). 3 Autofocus is available with AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED and AF-S Micro NIKKOR 60mm f/2.8G ED lenses only. 4 Available when camera is used to select flash mode. Flash unit A The AS-15 Sync Terminal Adapter When the AS-15 sync terminal adapter (available separately) is mounted on the camera accessory shoe, flash accessories can be connected via a sync cable. D Use Only Nikon Flash Accessories Use only Nikon flash units. Negative voltages or voltages over 250 V applied to the accessory shoe could not only prevent normal operation, but damage the sync circuitry of the camera or flash. Before using a Nikon flash unit not listed in this section, contact a Nikonauthorized service representative for more information. 264 Technical Notes D Notes on Optional Flash Units Refer to the Speedlight manual for detailed instructions. If the flash unit supports CLS, refer to the section on CLS-compatible digital SLR cameras. The D3400 is not included in the “digital SLR” category in the SB-80DX, SB-28DX, and SB-50DX manuals. If an optional flash unit is attached in shooting modes other than j, % and 3 the flash will fire with every shot, even in modes in which the built-in flash can not be used. i-TTL flash control can be used at ISO sensitivities between 100 and 12800. At high ISO sensitivities, noise (lines) may appear in photos taken with some optional flash units; if this occurs, choose a lower value. If the flash-ready indicator flashes for about three seconds after a photograph is taken, the flash has fired at full power and the photograph may be underexposed (CLS-compatible flash units only; for information on the exposure and flash charge indicators on other units, see the manual provided with the flash). When an SC-series 17, 28, or 29 sync cable is used for off-camera flash photography, correct exposure may not be achieved in i-TTL mode. We recommend that you choose spot metering to select standard i-TTL flash control. Take a test shot and view the results in the monitor. In i-TTL, use the flash panel or bounce adapter provided with the flash unit. Do not use other panels such as diffusion panels, as this may produce incorrect exposure. If the controls on the optional SB-5000, SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700 or SB-600 flash unit or SU-800 wireless Speedlight commander are used to set flash compensation, Y will appear in the information display. Technical Notes 265 The SB-5000, SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700, SB-600, SB-500, and SB-400 provide red-eye reduction, while the SB-5000, SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700, SB-600, and SU-800 provide AF-assist illumination with the following restrictions: • SB-5000: In the case of 24–135 mm AF lenses, AF-assist illumination is available with the focus points shown at right. 24–37 mm • SB-910 and SB-900: In the case of 17–135 mm AF lenses, AF-assist illumination is available with the focus points shown at right. • SB-800, SB-600, and SU-800: In the case of 24–105 mm AF lenses, AF-assist illumination is available with the focus points shown at right. • SB-700: In the case of 24–135 mm AF lenses, AF-assist illumination is available with the focus points shown at right. 38–135 mm 17–135 mm 24 mm 25–105 mm 24–135 mm Depending on the lens used and scene recorded, the in-focus indicator (I) may be displayed when the subject is not in focus, or the camera may be unable to focus and the shutter release will be disabled. 266 Technical Notes Other Accessories At the time of writing, the following accessories were available for the D3400. Power sources Filters • EN-EL14a Rechargeable Li-ion Battery (0 12): Additional EN-EL14a batteries are available from local retailers and Nikon-authorized service representatives. EN-EL14 batteries can also be used. • MH-24 Battery Charger (0 12): Recharge EN-EL14a and EN-EL14 batteries. • EP-5A Power Connector, EH-5b AC Adapter: These accessories can be used to power the camera for extended periods (EH-5a and EH-5 AC adapters can also be used). A power connector EP-5A is required to connect the camera to the EH-5b, EH-5a, or EH-5; see page 270 for details. • Filters intended for special-effects photography may interfere with autofocus or the electronic rangefinder. • The D3400 can not be used with linear polarizing filters. Use C-PL or C-PL II circular polarizing filters instead. • NC filters are recommended for protecting the lens. • To prevent ghosting, use of a filter is not recommended when the subject is framed against a bright light, or when a bright light source is in the frame. • Center-weighted metering is recommended with filters with exposure factors (filter factors) over 1 × (Y44, Y48, Y52, O56, R60, X0, X1, C-PL, ND2S, ND4, ND4S, ND8, ND8S, ND400, A2, A12, B2, B8, B12). See the filter manual for details. Technical Notes 267 • DK-5 Eyepiece Cap (0 68): Prevents light entering via the viewfinder from appearing in the photograph or interfering with exposure. • DK-20C Eyepiece Correction Lenses: Lenses are available with diopters of –5, –4, –3, –2, 0, +0.5, +1, +2, and +3 m–1 when the camera diopter adjustment control is in the neutral position (–1 m–1). Use eyepiece correction lenses only if the desired focus can not be achieved with the built in diopter adjustment control (–1.7 to +0.5 m–1). Test eyepiece correction lenses before purchase to ensure that the desired focus can be achieved. The rubber eyecup Viewfinder eyepiece can not be used with eyepiece correction lenses. accessories • DG-2 Magnifier: The DG-2 magnifies the scene displayed in the center of the viewfinder for greater precision during focusing. Eyepiece adapter required (available separately). • DK-22 Eyepiece Adapter: The DK-22 is used when attaching the DG-2 magnifier. • DR-6 Right-Angle Viewing Attachment: The DR-6 attaches at a right angle to the viewfinder eyepiece, allowing the image in the viewfinder to be viewed at right angles to the lens (for example, from directly above when the camera is horizontal). BF-1B Body Cap/BF-1A Body Cap: The body cap keeps the mirror, Body cap viewfinder screen, and image sensor free of dust when a lens is not in place. Accessory BS-1 Accessory Shoe Cover: A cover protecting the accessory shoe covers shoe. The accessory shoe is used for optional flash units. USB cables UC-E20 USB Cable (0 178, 181) HC-E1 HDMI Cable (0 184): An HDMI cable with a type C HDMI cables connector for connection to the camera and a type A connector for connection to HDMI devices. 268 Technical Notes ML-L3 Wireless Remote Control (0 95): The ML-L3 uses a 3 V CR2025 battery. Remote controls Pressing the battery-chamber latch to the right (q), insert a fingernail into the gap and open the battery chamber (w). Ensure that the battery is inserted in the correct orientation (r). ❚❚ Approved Memory Cards The camera supports SD, SDHC, and SDXC memory cards, including SDHC and SDXC cards compliant with UHS-I. Cards rated SD Speed Class 6 or better are recommended for movie recording; using slower cards may result in recording being interrupted. When choosing cards for use in card readers, be sure they are compatible with the device. Contact the manufacturer for information on features, operation, and limitations on use. A Optional Accessories Availability may vary with country or region. See our website or brochures for the latest information. Technical Notes 269 Attaching a Power Connector and AC Adapter Turn the camera off before attaching an optional power connector and AC adapter. 1 Ready the camera. Open the battery-chamber (q) and power connector (w) covers. 2 Insert the EP-5A power connector. Be sure to insert the connector in the orientation shown, using the connector to keep the orange battery latch pressed to one side. Be sure the connector is fully inserted. 3 Close the batterychamber cover. Position the power connector cable so that it passes through the power connector slot and close the battery-chamber cover. 270 Technical Notes 4 Connect the EH-5b AC adapter. Connect the AC adapter power cable to the AC socket on AC adapter (e) and the power cable to the DC socket (r). A P icon is displayed in the monitor when the camera is powered by the AC adapter and power connector. Technical Notes 271 Caring for the Camera Storage When the camera will not be used for an extended period, remove the battery and store it in a cool, dry area with the terminal cover in place. To prevent mold or mildew, store the camera in a dry, well-ventilated area. Do not store your camera with naphtha or camphor moth balls or in locations that: • are poorly ventilated or subject to humidities of over 60% • are next to equipment that produces strong electromagnetic fields, such as televisions or radios • are exposed to temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) or below –10 °C (14 °F) Cleaning Use a blower to remove dust and lint, then wipe gently with a soft, dry cloth. After using the camera at the beach or seaside, wipe off sand or salt with a cloth lightly dampened Camera in distilled water and dry thoroughly. Important: Dust or body other foreign matter inside the camera may cause damage not covered under warranty. These glass elements are easily damaged. Remove dust Lens, mirror, and lint with a blower. If using an aerosol blower, keep the and can vertical to prevent the discharge of liquid. To remove viewfinder fingerprints and other stains, apply a small amount of lens cleaner to a soft cloth and clean with care. Remove dust and lint with a blower. When removing fingerprints and other stains, wipe the surface lightly with a Monitor soft cloth or chamois leather. Do not apply pressure, as this could result in damage or malfunction. Do not use alcohol, thinner, or other volatile chemicals. 272 Technical Notes Image Sensor Cleaning If you suspect that dirt or dust on the image sensor is appearing in photographs, the sensor can be cleaned manually as described below. Note, however, that the sensor is extremely delicate and easily damaged. Nikon recommends that the sensor be cleaned only by Nikon-authorized service personnel. 1 Charge the battery. A reliable power source is required when inspecting or cleaning the image sensor. Be sure the battery is fully charged before proceeding. 2 Remove the lens. Turn the camera off and remove the lens. 3 Select Lock mirror up for cleaning. Turn the camera on and highlight Lock mirror up for cleaning in the setup menu and press 2 (note that this option is not available at battery levels of H or below). 4 Press J. The message shown at right will be displayed in the monitor. Technical Notes 273 5 Raise the mirror. Press the shutter-release button all the way down. The mirror will be raised and the shutter curtain will open, revealing the image sensor. 6 Examine the image sensor. Holding the camera so that light falls on the image sensor, examine the interior of the camera for dust or lint. If no foreign objects are present, proceed to Step 8. 7 Clean the sensor. Remove any dust and lint from the sensor with a blower. Do not use a blower-brush, as the bristles could damage the sensor. Dirt that can not be removed with a blower can only be removed by Nikon-authorized service personnel. Under no circumstances should you touch or wipe the sensor. 8 Turn the camera off. The mirror will return to the down position and the shutter curtain will close. Replace the lens or body cap. 274 Technical Notes A Use a Reliable Power Source The shutter curtain is delicate and easily damaged. If the camera powers off while the mirror is raised, the curtain will close automatically. To prevent damage to the curtain, observe the following precautions: • Do not turn the camera off or remove or disconnect the power source while the mirror is raised. • If the battery runs low while the mirror is raised, a beep will sound and the self-timer lamp will flash to warn that the shutter curtain will close and the mirror will be lowered after about two minutes. End cleaning or inspection immediately. D Foreign Matter on the Image Sensor Foreign matter entering the camera when lenses or body caps are removed or exchanged (or in rare circumstances lubricant or fine particles from the camera itself ) may adhere to the image sensor, where it may appear in photographs taken under certain conditions. To protect the camera when no lens is in place, be sure to replace the body cap provided with the camera, being careful to first remove all dust and other foreign matter that may be adhering to the camera mount, lens mount, and body cap. Avoid attaching the body cap or exchanging lenses in dusty environments. Should foreign matter find its way onto the image sensor, clean the sensor manually (0 273) or have the sensor cleaned by authorized Nikon service personnel. Photographs affected by the presence of foreign matter on the sensor can be retouched using the clean image options available in some imaging applications. D Servicing the Camera and Accessories The camera is a precision device and requires regular servicing. Nikon recommends that the camera be inspected by the original retailer or Nikon-authorized service representative once every one to two years, and that it be serviced once every three to five years (note that fees apply to these services). Frequent inspection and servicing are particularly recommended if the camera is used professionally. Any accessories regularly used with the camera, such as lenses or optional flash units, should be included when the camera is inspected or serviced. Technical Notes 275 Caring for the Camera and Battery: Cautions Do not drop: The product may malfunction if subjected to strong shocks or vibration. Keep dry: This product is not waterproof, and may malfunction if immersed in water or exposed to high levels of humidity. Rusting of the internal mechanism can cause irreparable damage. Avoid sudden changes in temperature: Sudden changes in temperature, such as those that occur when entering or leaving a heated building on a cold day, can cause condensation inside the device. To prevent condensation, place the device in a carrying case or plastic bag before exposing it to sudden changes in temperature. Keep away from strong magnetic fields: Do not use or store this device in the vicinity of equipment that generates strong electromagnetic radiation or magnetic fields. Strong static charges or the magnetic fields produced by equipment such as radio transmitters could interfere with the monitor, damage data stored on the memory card, or affect the product’s internal circuitry. Do not leave the lens pointed at the sun: Do not leave the lens pointed at the sun or other strong light source for an extended period. Intense light may cause the image sensor to deteriorate or produce a white blur effect in photographs. Turn the product off before removing or disconnecting the power source: Do not unplug the product or remove the battery while the product is on or while images are being recorded or deleted. Forcibly cutting power in these circumstances could result in loss of data or in damage to product memory or internal circuitry. To prevent an accidental interruption of power, avoid carrying the product from one location to another while the AC adapter is connected. 276 Technical Notes Cleaning: When cleaning the camera body, use a blower to gently remove dust and lint, then wipe gently with a soft, dry cloth. After using the camera at the beach or seaside, wipe off any sand or salt using a cloth lightly dampened in pure water and then dry the camera thoroughly. The lens and mirror are easily damaged. Dust and lint should be gently removed with a blower. When using an aerosol blower, keep the can vertical to prevent discharge of liquid. To remove fingerprints and other stains from the lens, apply a small amount of lens cleaner to a soft cloth and wipe the lens carefully. See “Image Sensor Cleaning” (0 273) for information on cleaning the image sensor. Do not touch the shutter curtain: The shutter curtain is extremely thin and easily damaged. Under no circumstances should you exert pressure on the curtain, poke it with cleaning tools, or subject it to powerful air currents from a blower. These actions could scratch, deform, or tear the curtain. Storage: To prevent mold or mildew, store the camera in a dry, wellventilated area. If you are using an AC adapter, unplug the adapter to prevent fire. If the product will not be used for an extended period, remove the battery to prevent leakage and store the camera in a plastic bag containing a desiccant. Do not, however, store the camera case in a plastic bag, as this may cause the material to deteriorate. Note that desiccant gradually loses its capacity to absorb moisture and should be replaced at regular intervals. To prevent mold or mildew, take the camera out of storage at least once a month. Turn the camera on and release the shutter a few times before putting it away. Store the battery in a cool, dry place. Replace the terminal cover before putting the battery away. Technical Notes 277 Notes on the monitor: The monitor is constructed with extremely high precision; at least 99.99% of pixels are effective, with no more than 0.01% being missing or defective. Hence while these displays may contain pixels that are always lit (white, red, blue, or green) or always off (black), this is not a malfunction and has no effect on images recorded with the device. Images in the monitor may be difficult to see in a bright light. Do not apply pressure to the monitor, as this could cause damage or malfunction. Dust or lint on the monitor can be removed with a blower. Stains can be removed by wiping lightly with a soft cloth or chamois leather. Should the monitor break, care should be taken to avoid injury from broken glass and to prevent liquid crystal from the monitor touching the skin or entering the eyes and mouth. Moiré: Moiré is an interference pattern created by the interaction of an image containing a regular, repeating grid, such as the pattern of weave in cloth or windows in a building, with the camera image sensor grid. If you notice moiré in your photographs, try changing the distance to the subject, zooming in and out, or changing the angle between the subject and the camera. The battery and charger: Batteries may leak or explode if improperly handled. Read and follow the warnings and cautions on pages xi–xiv of this manual. Observe the following precautions when handling batteries and chargers: • Use only batteries approved for use in this equipment. • Do not expose the battery to flame or excessive heat. • Keep the battery terminals clean. • Turn the product off before replacing the battery. • Remove the battery from the camera or charger when not in use and replace the terminal cover. These devices draw minute amounts of charge even when off and could draw the battery down to the point that it will no longer function. If the battery will not be used for some time, insert it in the camera and run it flat before removing it and storing it in a location with an ambient temperature of 15 °C to 25 °C (59 °F to 77 °F; avoid hot or extremely cold locations). Repeat this process at least once every six months. 278 Technical Notes • Turning the camera on and off repeatedly when the battery is fully discharged will shorten battery life. Batteries that have been fully discharged must be charged before use. • The internal temperature of the battery may rise while the battery is in use. Attempting to charge the battery while the internal temperature is elevated will impair battery performance, and the battery may not charge or charge only partially. Wait for the battery to cool before charging. • Charge the battery indoors at ambient temperatures of 5 °C–35 °C (41 °F–95 °F). Do not use the battery at ambient temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) or above 40 °C (104 °F); failure to observe this precaution could damage the battery or impair its performance. Capacity may be reduced and charging times may increase at battery temperatures from 0 °C (32 °F) to 15 °C (59 °F) and from 45 °C (113 °F) to 60 °C (140 °F). The battery will not charge if its temperature is below 0 °C (32 °F) or above 60 °C (140 °F). • If the CHARGE lamp flashes quickly (about eight times a second) during charging, confirm that the temperature is in the correct range and then unplug the charger and remove and reinsert the battery. If the problem persists, cease use immediately and take battery and charger to your retailer or a Nikon-authorized service representative. • Do not move the charger or touch the battery during charging. Failure to observe this precaution could in very rare instances result in the charger showing that charging is complete when the battery is only partially charged. Remove and reinsert the battery to begin charging again. • Continuing to charge the battery after it is fully charged can impair battery performance. • A marked drop in the time a fully charged battery retains its charge when used at room temperature indicates that it requires replacement. Purchase a new EN-EL14a battery. • Use the charger with compatible batteries only. Unplug when not in use. • Do not short the charger terminals. Failure to observe this precaution could result in overheating and damage to the charger. Technical Notes 279 • Charge the battery before use. When taking photographs on important occasions, ready a spare battery and keep it fully charged. Depending on your location, it may be difficult to purchase replacement batteries on short notice. Note that on cold days, the capacity of batteries tends to decrease. Be sure the battery is fully charged before taking photographs outside in cold weather. Keep a spare battery in a warm place and exchange the two as necessary. Once warmed, a cold battery may recover some of its charge. • Used batteries are a valuable resource; recycle in accord with local regulations. 280 Technical Notes Available Settings The following table lists the settings that can be adjusted in each mode. Note that some settings may be unavailable depending on the options selected. Shooting menu Other settings ISO sensitivity White balance Set Picture Control Active D-Lighting Noise reduction Focus mode (viewfinder) Focus mode (live view/movie) AF-area mode (viewfinder) AF-area mode (live view/movie) Built-in AF-assist illuminator Metering Flash cntrl for built-in flash/Optional flash Flash compensation Exposure compensation Flash mode i — — — —2 z j — — — —2 z k, p, P, S, n, A, M o z z1 z — z — z —2 z z l, m z1 — — —2 z % — — — — — S, T z1 — — — z U z1 — — —2 z ' z1 — — — z ( z1 — — — z 3 z1 — — — z 1, 2, 3 z1 — — — z z z z z z — z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z — z z z — z z — — z z z z3 z z3 z3 — z3 z z z z z — — z z z — z z — — z — — — — — — — — — — — z — — — — — — — — — — — z z z — — — — — — — — — z z z z — — — — — — z — z z — — z z z — — — 1 Auto ISO sensitivity control is not available. 2 Fixed at On. 3 Subject-tracking AF is not available. Technical Notes 281 Troubleshooting If the camera fails to function as expected, check the list of common problems below before consulting your retailer or Nikon-authorized service representative. Battery/Display The camera is on but does not respond: Wait for recording to end. If the problem persists, turn the camera off. If the camera does not turn off, remove and reinsert the battery or, if you are using an AC adapter, disconnect and reconnect the AC adapter. Note that although any data currently being recorded will be lost, data that have already been recorded will not be affected by removing or disconnecting the power source. The camera takes time to turn off: The camera is performing an image sensor check. Do not remove the battery or disconnect the AC adapter until the camera has turned off. Viewfinder is out of focus: Adjust viewfinder focus (0 26). If this does not correct the problem, select single-servo autofocus (AF-S; 0 69), singlepoint AF (c; 0 74), and the center focus point, and then frame a highcontrast subject in the center focus point and press the shutter-release button halfway to focus the camera. With the camera in focus, use the diopter adjustment control to bring the subject into clear focus in the viewfinder. If necessary, viewfinder focus can be further adjusted using optional corrective lenses (0 268). Displays turn off without warning: Choose longer delays for Auto off timers (0 207). Information display does not appear in monitor: Shutter-release button is pressed halfway. If information display does not appear when you remove your finger from shutter-release button, confirm that On is selected for Auto info display (0 206) and that battery is charged. Viewfinder display is unresponsive and dim: The response times and brightness of this display vary with temperature. 282 Technical Notes Shooting (All Modes) Camera takes time to turn on: Delete files or folders. Shutter-release disabled: • Memory card is locked, full, or not inserted (0 13, 292). • Release locked is selected for Slot empty release lock (0 226) and no memory card is inserted (0 13). • Built-in flash is charging (0 38). • Camera is not in focus (0 35). • The attached lens is not type E or G and the camera is not in mode M (0 253). Only one shot taken each time shutter-release button is pressed in continuous shooting mode: Continuous shooting is not available if built-in flash fires (0 64, 87). Final photo is larger than area shown in viewfinder: Viewfinder horizontal and vertical frame coverage is approximately 95%. Photos are out of focus: • The attached lens can not be used with autofocus: focus manually or switch to a lens that can be used with autofocus (0 81, 253). • Camera unable to focus using autofocus: use manual focus or focus lock (0 72, 79, 81). • Camera is in manual focus mode: focus manually (0 81). Focus does not lock when shutter-release button is pressed halfway: Use A (L) button to lock focus when live view is off and AF-C is selected for focus mode or when photographing moving subjects in AF-A mode (0 79). Can not select focus point: • e (Auto-area AF; 0 74) is selected: choose another AF-area mode. • Press shutter-release button halfway to start standby timer (0 37). Can not select AF-area mode: Manual focus selected (0 69, 81). Technical Notes 283 AF-assist illuminator does not light: • AF-assist illuminator does not light if AF-C is selected for autofocus mode (0 69) or if continuous-servo autofocus is selected when the camera is in AF-A mode. Choose AF-S. If an option other than e (Auto-area AF) is selected for AF-area mode, select center focus point (0 74, 76). • The camera is currently in live view. • Off is selected for Built-in AF-assist illuminator (0 196). • Illuminator has turned off automatically. Illuminator may become hot with continued use; wait for it to cool down. Image size can not be changed: Image quality set to NEF (RAW) (0 85). Camera is slow to record photos: • Depending on shooting conditions and memory card performance, access lamp may light for up to about a minute after shooting ends in continuous release mode. • Turn noise reduction off (0 195). 284 Technical Notes Noise (bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or lines) appears in photos: • Bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, and lines can be reduced by lowering ISO sensitivity. • Use the Noise reduction option in the shooting menu to limit the occurrence of bright spots or fog in photos taken at shutter speeds slower than 1 s (0 195). • Fog and bright spots may indicate that the camera’s internal temperature has become elevated due to high ambient temperatures, long exposures, or similar causes: turn the camera off and wait for it to cool before resuming shooting. • At high ISO sensitivities, lines may appear in photos taken with some optional flash units; if this occurs, choose a lower value. • At high ISO sensitivities, including high values selected with auto ISO sensitivity control, randomly-spaced bright pixels can be reduced by turning Noise reduction on (0 195). • At high ISO sensitivities, bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or lines may be more noticeable in long exposures, and photos taken at high ambient temperatures or with Active D-Lighting enabled, Flat selected for Set Picture Control (0 132) or extreme values selected for Picture Control parameters (0 135). • In % mode, randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or lines may be more noticeable in pictures shot under low light. No photo taken when remote control shutter-release button is pressed: • Replace battery in remote control (0 269). • Choose remote control release mode (0 95). • Flash is charging (0 38). • Time selected for Remote on duration (ML-L3) (0 208) has elapsed. • Bright light is interfering with ML-L3 remote control. Beep does not sound: • Off is selected for Beep (0 213). • Camera is in quiet shutter-release mode (0 65), or movie is being recorded (0 138). • MF or AF-C is selected as the focus mode or subject moves when AF-A is selected (0 69). Technical Notes 285 Smudges appear in photographs: Clean front and rear lens elements. If problem persists, clean the image sensor manually (0 273) or contact a Nikon-authorized service representative. Date is not imprinted on photos: An NEF (RAW) option is selected for image quality (0 85, 202). Sound is not recorded with movies: Microphone off is selected for Movie settings > Microphone (0 141). Live view ends unexpectedly or does not start: Live view may end automatically to prevent damage to the camera’s internal circuits if: • The ambient temperature is high • The camera has been used for extended periods in live view or to record movies • The camera has been used in continuous release modes for extended periods. If live view does not start when you attempt to start live view, wait for the internal circuits to cool and then try again. Note that the camera may feel warm to the touch, but this does not indicate a malfunction. Image artifacts appear during live view: “Noise” (randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or lines) and unexpected colors may appear if you zoom in on the view through the lens (0 38) during live view; in movies, the amount and distribution of randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, and bright spots are affected by frame size and rate (0 141). Randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or bright spots may also arise as a result of increases in the temperature of the camera’s internal circuits during live view; exit live view when the camera is not in use. Flicker or banding appears during live view or movie recording: Choose an option for Flicker reduction that matches the frequency of the local AC power supply (0 213). Bright bands appear during live view or movie recording: A flashing sign, flash, or other light source with brief duration was used during live view or movie recording. Menu item can not be selected: Some options are not available in all modes. 286 Technical Notes Shooting (P, S, A, M) Shutter-release disabled: • The attached lens is not type E or G: rotate camera mode dial to M (0 105, 253). • Mode dial rotated to S after shutter speed of “Bulb” or “Time” selected in mode M: choose new shutter speed (0 101). Full range of shutter speeds not available: • Flash in use (0 91). • When On is selected for Movie settings > Manual movie settings in the shooting menu, the range of available shutter speeds varies with the frame rate (0 142). Can not select desired aperture: Range of available apertures varies with lens used. Colors are unnatural: • Adjust white balance to match light source (0 121). • Adjust Set Picture Control settings (0 132). Can not measure white balance: Subject is too dark or too bright (0 128). Image can not be selected as source for preset white balance: Image was not created with D3400 (0 130). Effects of Picture Control differ from image to image: A (auto) is selected for sharpening, clarity, contrast, or saturation. For consistent results over a series of photos, choose another setting (0 136). Metering can not be changed: Autoexposure lock is in effect (0 113). Exposure compensation can not be used: Camera is in mode M. Choose another mode (0 98, 116). Noise (reddish areas or other artifacts) appears in long time-exposures: Turn noise reduction on (0 195). Technical Notes 287 Playback NEF (RAW) image is not played back: Photo was taken at image quality of NEF (RAW)+JPEG (0 84). Can not view pictures recorded with other cameras: Pictures recorded with other makes of camera may not be displayed correctly. Some pictures are not displayed during playback: Select All for Playback folder (0 187). “Tall” (portrait) orientation photos are displayed in “wide” (landscape) orientation: • Select On for Rotate tall (0 189). • Photo was taken with Off selected for Auto image rotation (0 188). • Photo is displayed in image review (0 188, 189). • Camera was pointed up or down when photo was taken (0 188). Can not delete picture: • Picture is protected: remove protection (0 168). • Memory card is locked (0 291). Can not retouch picture: Photo can not be further edited with this camera (0 228). Can not select photo for printing: Photo is in NEF (RAW) format. Transfer photos to computer and print using Capture NX-D (0 177). NEF (RAW) photos can be saved in JPEG format using NEF (RAW) processing (0 230). Picture is not displayed on TV: HDMI (0 184) cable is not correctly connected. Camera does not respond to remote control for HDMI-CEC television: • Select On for HDMI > Device control in the setup menu (0 185). • Adjust HDMI-CEC settings for the television as described in documentation provided with the device. Can not transfer photos to computer: OS not compatible with camera or transfer software. Use card reader to copy photos to computer (0 177). Computer displays NEF (RAW) images differently from camera: Third-party software does not display effects of Picture Controls, Active D-Lighting, or vignette control. Use Capture NX-D (0 177). 288 Technical Notes Bluetooth The memory card access lamp (0 36) lights when the camera is off: The camera is transmitting data to a smart device. This is not a malfunction. Can not connect to wireless printers and other wireless devices: This camera can connect only to devices to which the SnapBridge app has been installed. Miscellaneous Date of recording is not correct: Set camera clock (0 25, 205). Menu item can not be selected: Some options are not available at certain combinations of settings or when no memory card is inserted (0 13, 227, 281). Technical Notes 289 Error Messages This section lists the indicators and error messages that appear in the viewfinder and monitor. A Warning Icons A flashing d in the monitor or s in the viewfinder indicates that a warning or error message can be displayed in the monitor by pressing the W (Q) button. Indicator Monitor Viewfinder Lens not attached F/s (flashes) Before taking photos, rotate the zoom ring to extend the lens. F (flashes) Shutter release disabled. Recharge battery. This battery cannot be used. It does not communicate properly with this camera. To use the camera safely, choose a battery designated for use in this camera. Initialization error. Turn camera off and then on again. 290 Technical Notes Solution • Attach compatible lens. • If lens is not type E or G, select mode M. A lens with a retractable lens barrel button is attached with the lens barrel retracted. Press the retractable lens barrel button and rotate the zoom ring to extend the lens. 0 252 105 16 d/s (flashes) Turn camera off and recharge or 12, 13 replace battery. d (flashes) Use Nikon-approved battery. 267 d/ k (flashes) Turn camera off, remove and replace battery, and then turn camera on again. 13, 18 Indicator Monitor Viewfinder Solution Battery level is low. Complete operation End cleaning and turn camera off — and turn camera off and recharge or replace battery. immediately. s Clock not set Set camera clock. (flashes) No memory card S/s Turn camera off and confirm that inserted (flashes) card is correctly inserted. Memory card is locked. Memory card is locked (write ( Slide lock to “write” protected). Slide card write(flashes) protect switch to “write” position. position. • Use approved card. • Format card. If problem persists, card may be damaged. Contact Nikon-authorized service representative. • Error creating new folder. This memory card Delete files or insert new cannot be used. Card (/k memory card. may be damaged. (flashes) • Insert new memory card. Insert another card. • Eye-Fi card is still emitting wireless signal after Disable has been selected for Eye-Fi upload. To terminate wireless transmission, turn the camera off and remove the card. Eye-Fi card is locked (write Not available if Eye-Fi (/k protected). Slide card writecard is locked. (flashes) protect switch to “write” position. This card is not T Format card or turn camera off formatted. (flashes) and insert new memory card. Format the card. 0 275 25, 205 13 — 269 201 13, 171 13 224 — 13, 201 Technical Notes 291 Indicator Monitor Viewfinder Card is full — Subject is too bright Subject is too dark No “Bulb” in S mode No “Time” in S mode — 292 Technical Notes Solution 0 • Reduce quality or size. 84 j/A/s • Delete photographs. 171 (flashes) • Insert new memory card. 13 Camera can not focus using ● 35, autofocus. Change composition (flashes) 72, 81 or focus manually. • Use a lower ISO sensitivity. 93 • Use commercial ND filter. 267 • In mode: S Increase shutter speed 102 A Choose a smaller aperture 104 (higher f-number) % Choose another shooting 5 s mode (flashes) • Use a higher ISO sensitivity. 93 • Use flash. 87 • In mode: S Lower shutter speed 102 A Choose a larger aperture 104 (lower f-number) A/s (flashes) Change shutter speed or select 102, 105 &/s mode M. (flashes) Flash has fired at full power. N Check photo in monitor; if — (flashes) underexposed, adjust settings and try again. Indicator Monitor Viewfinder — N/s (flashes) Error. Press shutter release button again. Start-up error. Contact a Nikon-authorized service representative. Metering error Unable to start live view. Please wait for camera to cool. Folder contains no images. O (flashes) Solution • Use the flash. • Change distance to subject, aperture, flash range, or ISO sensitivity. • Lens focal length is less than 18 mm: use a longer focal length. • Optional SB-400 or SB-300 flash unit attached: flash is in bounce position or focus distance is very short. Continue shooting; if necessary, increase focus distance to prevent shadows from appearing in photograph. Release shutter. If error persists or appears frequently, consult Nikon-authorized service representative. 0 87 92, 93, 104 — — — Consult Nikon-authorized service representative. — — Wait for the internal circuits to cool before resuming live view or movie recording. 286 — Folder selected for playback contains no images. Select folder 13, containing images from 187 Playback folder menu or insert memory card containing images. Technical Notes 293 Indicator Monitor Viewfinder Solution Cannot display this File can not be played back on — file. camera. Images created with other Cannot select this file. — devices can not be retouched. • Movies created with other devices can not be edited. This movie cannot be — edited. • Movies must be at least two seconds long. Memory card does not contain No image for — NEF (RAW) images for use with retouching. NEF (RAW) processing. Network access not Turn camera off and try again available until camera — after waiting for camera to cool. cools. Check printer. To resume, select Check printer. — Continue (if available). Paper is not selected size. Insert paper of correct size and select Check paper. — Continue. Paper jam. — Clear jam and select Continue. Insert paper of selected size and Out of paper. — select Continue. Check ink. To resume, select Check ink supply. — Continue. Out of ink. — Replace ink and select Continue. * See printer manual for more information. 294 Technical Notes 0 — 228 138 149 230 — —* —* —* —* —* —* Specifications ❚❚ Nikon D3400 Digital Camera Type Type Single-lens reflex digital camera Lens mount Nikon F mount (with AF contacts) Effective angle of view Nikon DX format; focal length equivalent to approx. 1.5× that of lenses with FX format angle of view Effective pixels Effective pixels 24.2 million Image sensor Image sensor 23.5 × 15.6 mm CMOS sensor Total pixels 24.72 million Dust-reduction System Image Dust Off reference data (Capture NX-D software required) Storage Image size (pixels) • 6000 × 4000 (Large) • 4496 × 3000 (Medium) • 2992 × 2000 (Small) File format • NEF (RAW): 12 bit, compressed • JPEG: JPEG-Baseline compliant with fine (approx. 1 : 4), normal (approx. 1 : 8), or basic (approx. 1 : 16) compression • NEF (RAW)+JPEG: Single photograph recorded in both NEF (RAW) and JPEG formats Picture Control System Standard, Neutral, Vivid, Monochrome, Portrait, Landscape, Flat; selected Picture Control can be modified Media SD (Secure Digital) and UHS-I compliant SDHC and SDXC memory cards File system DCF 2.0, Exif 2.3, PictBridge Technical Notes 295 Viewfinder Viewfinder Frame coverage Magnification Eyepoint Diopter adjustment Focusing screen Reflex mirror Lens aperture Lens Autofocus support Shutter Type Speed Flash sync speed Release Release mode Frame advance rate Self-timer 296 Technical Notes Eye-level pentamirror single-lens reflex viewfinder Approx. 95% horizontal and 95% vertical Approx. 0.85 × (50 mm f/1.4 lens at infinity, –1.0 m–1) 18 mm (–1.0 m–1; from center surface of viewfinder eyepiece lens) –1.7–+0.5 m–1 Type B BriteView Clear Matte Mark VII screen Quick return Instant return, electronically controlled Autofocus is available with AF-P and type E and G AF-S lenses. Electronically-controlled vertical-travel focalplane shutter 1/4000 – 30 s in steps of 1/3 EV; Bulb; Time X= 1/200 s; synchronizes with shutter at 1/200 s or slower 8 (single frame), I (continuous), J (quiet shutter release), E (self-timer), " (delayed remote; ML-L3), # (quick-response remote; ML-L3) Up to 5 fps Note: Frame rates assume manual focus, manual or shutter-priority auto exposure, a shutter speed of 1/250 s or faster, and other settings at default values. 2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s; 1–9 exposures Exposure Metering Metering method Range (ISO 100, f/1.4 lens, 20 °C/68 °F) Exposure meter coupling Mode TTL exposure metering using 420-pixel RGB sensor • Matrix metering: 3D color matrix metering II (type E and G lenses) • Center-weighted metering: Weight of 75% given to 8-mm circle in center of frame • Spot metering: Meters 3.5-mm circle (about 2.5% of frame) centered on selected focus point • Matrix or center-weighted metering: 0–20 EV • Spot metering: 2–20 EV CPU Auto modes (i auto; j auto, flash off); programmed auto with flexible program (P); shutter-priority auto (S); aperture-priority auto (A); manual (M); scene modes (k portrait; l landscape; p child; m sports; n close up; o night portrait); special effects modes (% night vision; S super vivid; T pop; U photo illustration; ' toy camera effect; ( miniature effect; 3 selective color; 1 silhouette; 2 high key; 3 low key) Exposure compensation Can be adjusted by –5 – +5 EV in increments of 1/3 EV in P, S, A, M, scene, and % modes Exposure lock Luminosity locked at detected value with A (L) button ISO sensitivity ISO 100 – 25600 in steps of 1 EV. Auto ISO (Recommended sensitivity control available Exposure Index) Active D-Lighting On, off Technical Notes 297 Focus Autofocus Detection range Lens servo Focus point AF-area mode Focus lock Flash Built-in flash Guide Number Flash control Flash mode 298 Technical Notes Nikon Multi-CAM 1000 autofocus sensor module with TTL phase detection, 11 focus points (including one cross-type sensor), and AF-assist illuminator (range approx. 0.5–3 m/1 ft 8 in.–9 ft 10 in.) –1 – +19 EV (ISO 100, 20 °C/68 °F) • Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); continuousservo AF (AF-C); auto AF-S/AF-C selection (AF-A); predictive focus tracking activated automatically according to subject status • Manual focus (MF): Electronic rangefinder can be used Can be selected from 11 focus points Single-point AF, dynamic-area AF, auto-area AF, 3D-tracking (11 points) Focus can be locked by pressing shutter-release button halfway (single-servo AF) or by pressing A (L) button i, k, p, n, o, S, T, U, ': Auto flash with auto pop-up P, S, A, M: Manual pop-up with button release Approx. 7/22, 8/26 with manual flash (m/ft, ISO 100, 20 °C/68 °F) TTL: i-TTL flash control using 420-pixel RGB sensor is available with built-in flash; i-TTL balanced fillflash for digital SLR is used with matrix and centerweighted metering, standard i-TTL flash for digital SLR with spot metering Auto, auto with red-eye reduction, auto slow sync, auto slow sync with red-eye reduction, fill-flash, red-eye reduction, slow sync, slow sync with redeye reduction, rear-curtain with slow sync, rearcurtain sync, off Flash Flash compensation Can be adjusted by −3 – +1 EV in increments of / EV in P, S, A, M, and scene modes Flash-ready indicator Lights when built-in flash or optional flash unit is fully charged; flashes after flash is fired at full output Accessory shoe ISO 518 hot-shoe with sync and data contacts and safety lock Nikon Creative Lighting Nikon CLS supported System (CLS) Sync terminal AS-15 sync terminal adapter (available separately) 13 White balance White balance Live view Lens servo AF-area mode Autofocus Automatic scene selection Auto, incandescent, fluorescent (7 types), direct sunlight, flash, cloudy, shade, preset manual, all except preset manual with fine-tuning • Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); full-timeservo AF (AF-F) • Manual focus (MF) Face-priority AF, wide-area AF, normal-area AF, subject-tracking AF Contrast-detect AF anywhere in frame (camera selects focus point automatically when facepriority AF or subject-tracking AF is selected) Available in i and j modes Movie Metering TTL exposure metering using main image sensor Metering method Matrix Frame size (pixels) and • 1920 × 1080; 60p (progressive), 50p, 30p, 25p, frame rate 24p • 1280 × 720; 60p, 50p Actual frame rates for 60p, 50p, 30p, 25p, and 24p are 59.94, 50, 29.97, 25, and 23.976 fps respectively; options support both ★ high and normal image quality Technical Notes 299 Movie File format Video compression Audio recording format Audio recording device ISO sensitivity Monitor Monitor Playback Playback Interface USB HDMI output Bluetooth Communication protocols Operating frequency Maximum output power Range (line of sight) 300 Technical Notes MOV H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding Linear PCM Built-in monaural microphone; sensitivity adjustable ISO 100–25600 7.5-cm (3-in.), approx. 921k-dot (VGA) TFT LCD with 170 ° viewing angle, approx. 100% frame coverage, and brightness adjustment Full-frame and thumbnail (4, 9, or 72 images or calendar) playback with playback zoom, playback zoom cropping, playback face zoom, movie playback, photo and/or movie slide shows, histogram display, highlights, photo information, location data display, auto image rotation, picture rating, and image comment (up to 36 characters) Hi-Speed USB with Micro-USB connector; connection to built-in USB port is recommended Type C HDMI connector Bluetooth Specification Version 4.1 • Bluetooth: 2402–2480 MHz • Bluetooth Low Energy: 2402–2480 MHz 8.1 dBm (EIRP) Approximately 10 m (32 ft) without interference; range may vary with signal strength and presence or absence of obstacles Supported languages Supported languages Power source Battery AC adapter Tripod socket Tripod socket Arabic, Bengali, Bulgarian, Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Marathi, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal and Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese One EN-EL14a rechargeable Li-ion battery EH-5b AC adapter; requires EP-5A power connector (available separately) / in. (ISO 1222) 14 Dimensions/weight Dimensions (W × H × D) Approx. 124 × 98 × 75.5 mm (4.9 × 3.9 × 3 in.) Weight Approx. 445 g (15.7 oz) with battery and memory card but without body cap; approx. 395 g/14 oz (camera body only) Operating environment Temperature 0 °C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F) Humidity 85% or less (no condensation) • Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are performed in conformity with Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA) standards or guidelines. • All figures are for a camera with a fully-charged battery. • The sample images displayed on the camera and the images and illustrations in the manual are for expository purposes only. • Nikon reserves the right to change the appearance and specifications of the hardware and software described in this manual at any time and without prior notice. Nikon will not be held liable for damages that may result from any mistakes that this manual may contain. Technical Notes 301 ❚❚ MH-24 Battery Charger AC 100–240 V, 50/60 Hz, 0.2 A maximum DC 8.4 V/0.9 A Nikon EN-EL14a rechargeable Li-ion batteries Approx. 1 hour and 50 minutes at an ambient temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) when no charge remains Operating temperature 0 °C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F) Dimensions (W × H × D) Approx. 70 × 26 × 97 mm (2.8 × 1.0 × 3.8 in.), excluding plug adapter Weight Approx. 96 g (3.4 oz), excluding plug adapter Rated input Rated output Supported batteries Charging time The symbols on this product represent the following: m AC, p DC, q Class II equipment (The construction of the product is double-insulated.) ❚❚ EN-EL14a Rechargeable Li-ion Battery Type Rechargeable lithium-ion battery Rated capacity 7.2 V/1230 mAh Operating temperature 0°C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F) Dimensions (W × H × D) Approx. 38 × 53 × 14 mm (1.5 × 2.1 × 0.6 in.) Weight Approx. 49 g (1.7 oz), excluding terminal cover Nikon reserves the right to change the appearance and specifications of the hardware and software described in this manual at any time and without prior notice. Nikon will not be held liable for damages that may result from any mistakes that this manual may contain. 302 Technical Notes ❚❚ Supported Standards • DCF Version 2.0: The Design Rule for Camera File Systems (DCF) is a standard widely used in the digital camera industry to ensure compatibility among different makes of camera. • Exif version 2.3: The D3400 supports Exif (Exchangeable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras) version 2.3, a standard in which information stored with photographs is used for optimal color reproduction when the images are output on Exif-compliant printers. • PictBridge: A standard developed through cooperation with the digital camera and printer industries, allowing photographs to be output directly to a printer without first transferring them to a computer. • HDMI: High-Definition Multimedia Interface is a standard for multimedia interfaces used in consumer electronics and AV devices capable of transmitting audiovisual data and control signals to HDMI-compliant devices via a single cable connection. Technical Notes 303 A Trademark Information IOS is a trademark or registered trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc., in the United States and/or other countries and is used under license. Windows is either a registered trademark or a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Mac, OS X, Apple®, App Store®, the Apple logos, iPhone®, iPad®, and iPod touch® are trademarks of Apple Inc. registered in the U.S. and/or other countries. Android is a trademark of Google Inc. The Android robot is reproduced or modified from work created and shared by Google and used according to terms described in the Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution License. PictBridge logo is a trademark. The SD, SDHC, and SDXC logos are trademarks of the SD-3C, LLC. HDMI, the HDMI logo and High-Definition Multimedia Interface are trademarks or registered trademarks of HDMI Licensing LLC. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Nikon Corporation is under license. All other trade names mentioned in this manual or the other documentation provided with your Nikon product are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. “Made for iPod,” “Made for iPhone,” and “Made for iPad” mean that an electronic accessory has been designed to connect specifically to iPod, iPhone, or iPad, respectively, and has been certified by the developer to meet Apple performance standards. Apple is not responsible for the operation of this device or its compliance with safety and regulatory standards. Please note that the use of this accessory with iPod, iPhone, or iPad may affect wireless performance. A Conformity Marking The standards with which the camera complies can be viewed using the Conformity marking option in the setup menu (0 225). 304 Technical Notes A FreeType License (FreeType2) Portions of this software are copyright © 2012 The FreeType Project (http://www.freetype.org). All rights reserved. A MIT License (HarfBuzz) Portions of this software are copyright © 2016 The HarfBuzz Project (http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/HarfBuzz). All rights reserved. A Certificates Technical Notes 305 AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR and AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G Lenses Read this section if you purchased the camera with the AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR or AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G lens kit available in some countries or regions. The parts of the lens are listed below. 1 Lens cap 6 Lens mounting mark ....................15 2 Lens hood mounting mark 7 CPU contacts ............................... 253 3 Retractable lens barrel button ...16 8 Focus ring........................................81 4 Focal length scale 5 Focal length mark 9 Zoom ring........................................34 10 Rear lens cap These retractable lenses are for use exclusively with DX format Nikon digital SLR cameras; SLR film cameras and D3-series, D2-series, D1-series, D700, D300-series, D200, D100, D90, D80, D70-series, D60, D50, D40-series, D7000, D5100, D5000, D3200, D3100, D3000 digital SLR cameras are not supported. When using these lenses with a D5, D4-series, D810-series, D800-series, Df, D750, D610, D600, D7200, D7100, D5500, D5300, or D3300, be sure the camera firmware has been updated to the latest version. 306 Technical Notes ❚❚ Focus The focus mode can be selected using camera controls (0 69). Autofocus Focus is adjusted automatically when the camera is in autofocus mode (0 69). The focus ring can also be used to focus the camera if the shutter-release button is kept pressed halfway (or if the AF-ON button is kept pressed); this is known as “autofocus with manual override” (M/A). Autofocus will resume when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway (or the AF-ON button is pressed) a second time. Note that touching the focus ring while autofocus is in effect will change the focus position. Manual Focus When the camera is in manual focus mode, focus can be adjusted by rotating the lens focus ring (0 81). When the camera is off or the standby timer has expired, the focus ring can not be used to focus and rotating the zoom ring will change the focus position; before focusing, turn the camera on or press the shutter-release button to reactivate the standby timer. Users of D5200 cameras should note that if the standby timer is allowed to expire, the focus position will change when the timer is restarted. Refocus before shooting. Longer standby times are recommended for manual focus and in other situations in which you may not release the shutter immediately after focusing. Technical Notes 307 ❚❚ Using the Built-in Flash When using the built-in flash, be sure the subject is at a range of at least 0.6 m (2 ft) and remove lens hoods to prevent vignetting (shadows created where the end of the lens obscures the built-in flash). Shadow Camera D5500/D5300/D5200/ D3400/D3300 308 Technical Notes Vignetting Zoom position 18 mm 24, 35, 45, and 55 mm Minimum distance without vignetting 1.0 m/3 ft 4 in. No vignetting ❚❚ Vibration Reduction (VR, AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR Only) When an AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR is mounted on the camera, vibration reduction can be enabled or disabled using the Optical VR option in the shooting menu (0 198). If On is selected, vibration reduction will take effect whenever the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Vibration reduction reduces blur caused by camera shake, allowing shutter speeds up to 4.0 stops slower than would otherwise be the case, increasing the range of shutter speeds available. The effects of VR on shutter speed are measured according to Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA) standards; FX-format lenses are measured using FX-format digital SLR cameras, DX-format lenses using DX-format cameras. Zoom lenses are measured at maximum zoom. D Vibration Reduction • When using vibration reduction, press the shutter-release button halfway and wait for the image in the viewfinder to stabilize before pressing the shutter-release button the rest of the way down. • When vibration reduction is active, the image in the viewfinder may jiggle after the shutter is released. This does not indicate a malfunction. • When the camera is panned, vibration reduction applies only to motion that is not part of the pan (if the camera is panned horizontally, for example, vibration reduction will be applied only to vertical shake), making it much easier to pan the camera smoothly in a wide arc. • If the camera is equipped with a built-in flash, vibration reduction will be disabled while the flash charges. • Vibration reduction is generally recommended when the camera is mounted on a tripod, although you may prefer to turn it off depending on shooting conditions and the type of tripod. • Vibration reduction is recommended when the camera is mounted on a monopod. Technical Notes 309 ❚❚ Supplied Accessories • LC-55A 55 mm Snap-on Front Lens Cap • Rear Lens Cap ❚❚ Compatible Accessories • • • • 55 mm screw-on filters LF-4 Rear Lens Cap CL-0815 Lens Case HB-N106 Bayonet Hood Align the lens hood mounting mark (●) with the lens hood alignment mark ( ) as shown in Figure q and then rotate the hood (w) until the ● mark is aligned with the lens hood lock mark (—). When attaching or removing the hood, hold it near the symbol on its base and avoid gripping it too tightly. Vignetting may occur if the hood is not correctly attached. The hood can be reversed and mounted on the lens when not in use. 310 Technical Notes ❚❚ Specifications Type Focal length Maximum aperture Lens construction Angle of view Focal length scale Distance information Zoom Focusing Vibration reduction (AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR only) Minimum focus distance Diaphragm blades Diaphragm Aperture range Metering Filter-attachment size Dimensions Weight Type G AF-P DX lens with built-in CPU and F mount 18–55 mm f/3.5–5.6 12 elements in 9 groups (2 aspherical lens elements) 76° – 28° 50´ Graduated in millimeters (18, 24, 35, 45, 55) Output to camera Manual zoom using independent zoom ring Autofocus controlled by stepping motor; separate focus ring for manual focus Lens shift using voice coil motors (VCMs) 0.25 m (0.9 ft) from focal plane (0 82) at all zoom positions 7 (rounded diaphragm opening) Fully automatic • 18 mm focal length: f/3.5–22 • 55 mm focal length: f/5.6–38 The minimum aperture displayed may vary depending on the size of the exposure increment selected with the camera. Full aperture 55 mm (P = 0.75 mm) Approx. 64.5 mm maximum diameter × 62.5 mm (distance from camera lens mount flange when lens is retracted) • AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR: Approx. 205 g (7.3 oz) • AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G: Approx. 195 g (6.9 oz) Technical Notes 311 AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR and AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED Lenses Read this section if you purchased the camera with the AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR or AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED lens kit available in some countries or regions. The parts of the lens are listed below. 1 Lens cap 6 Focal length mark 2 Lens hood mounting mark 7 Lens mounting mark ....................15 3 Focus ring ........................................81 8 CPU contacts ............................... 253 4 Zoom ring........................................34 9 Rear lens cap 5 Focal length scale These lenses are for use exclusively with DX format Nikon digital SLR cameras; SLR film cameras and D3-series, D2-series, D1-series, D700, D300-series, D200, D100, D90, D80, D70-series, D60, D50, D40-series, D7000, D5100, D5000, D3200, D3100, D3000 digital SLR cameras are not supported. When using these lenses with a D5, D4-series, D810-series, D800-series, Df, D750, D610, D600, D7200, D7100, D5500, D5300, or D3300, be sure the camera firmware has been updated to the latest version. 312 Technical Notes ❚❚ Focus The focus mode can be selected using camera controls (0 69). Autofocus and rangefinder features are supported at all focal lengths. When using this lens, ignore any sections of the camera manual listing autofocus and rangefinder restrictions for lenses with a maximum aperture slower than f/5.6. Autofocus Focus is adjusted automatically when the camera is in autofocus mode (0 69). The focus ring can also be used to focus the camera if the shutter-release button is kept pressed halfway (or if the AF-ON button is kept pressed); this is known as “autofocus with manual override” (M/A). Autofocus will resume when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway (or the AF-ON button is pressed) a second time. Note that touching the focus ring while autofocus is in effect will change the focus position. Manual Focus When the camera is in manual focus mode, focus can be adjusted by rotating the lens focus ring (0 81). When the camera is off or the standby timer has expired, the focus ring can not be used to focus and rotating the zoom ring will change the focus position; before focusing, turn the camera on or press the shutter-release button to reactivate the standby timer. Users of D5200 cameras should note that if the standby timer is allowed to expire, the focus position will change when the timer is restarted. Refocus before shooting. Longer standby times are recommended for manual focus and in other situations in which you may not release the shutter immediately after focusing. Technical Notes 313 ❚❚ Vibration Reduction (VR, AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300 mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR Only) When an AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300 mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR is mounted on the camera, vibration reduction can be enabled or disabled using the Optical VR option in the shooting menu (0 198). If On is selected, vibration reduction will take effect whenever the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Vibration reduction reduces blur caused by camera shake, allowing shutter speeds up to 4.0 stops slower than would otherwise be the case, increasing the range of shutter speeds available. The effects of VR on shutter speed are measured according to Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA) standards; FX-format lenses are measured using FX-format digital SLR cameras, DX-format lenses using DX-format cameras. Zoom lenses are measured at maximum zoom. D Vibration Reduction • When using vibration reduction, press the shutter-release button halfway and wait for the image in the viewfinder to stabilize before pressing the shutter-release button the rest of the way down. • When vibration reduction is active, the image in the viewfinder may jiggle after the shutter is released. This does not indicate a malfunction. • When the camera is panned, vibration reduction applies only to motion that is not part of the pan (if the camera is panned horizontally, for example, vibration reduction will be applied only to vertical shake), making it much easier to pan the camera smoothly in a wide arc. • If the camera is equipped with a built-in flash, vibration reduction will be disabled while the flash charges. • Vibration reduction is generally recommended when the camera is mounted on a tripod, although you may prefer to turn it off depending on shooting conditions and the type of tripod. • Vibration reduction is recommended when the camera is mounted on a monopod. 314 Technical Notes ❚❚ Supplied Accessories • LC-58 58 mm Snap-on Front Lens Cap • Rear Lens Cap ❚❚ Compatible Accessories • • • • 58 mm screw-on filters LF-4 Rear Lens Cap CL-1020 Lens Case HB-77 Bayonet Hood Align the lens hood mounting mark (●) with the lens hood alignment mark ( ) as shown in Figure q and then rotate the hood (w) until the ● mark is aligned with the lens hood lock mark (—). When attaching or removing the hood, hold it near the symbol on its base and avoid gripping it too tightly. Vignetting may occur if the hood is not correctly attached. The hood can be reversed and mounted on the lens when not in use. When the hood is reversed, it can be attached and removed by rotating it while holding it near the lock mark (—). Technical Notes 315 ❚❚ Specifications Type Focal length Maximum aperture Lens construction Angle of view Focal length scale Distance information Zoom Focusing Type G AF-P DX lens with built-in CPU and F mount 70–300 mm f/4.5–6.3 14 elements in 10 groups (including 1 ED lens element) 22° 50´ – 5° 20´ Graduated in millimeters (70, 100, 135, 200, 300) Output to camera Manual zoom using independent zoom ring Autofocus controlled by stepping motor; separate focus ring for manual focus Lens shift using voice coil motors (VCMs) Vibration reduction (AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR only) Minimum focus distance 1.1 m (3.7 ft) from focal plane (0 82) at all zoom positions Diaphragm blades 7 (rounded diaphragm opening) Diaphragm Fully automatic Aperture range • 70 mm focal length: f/4.5–22 • 300 mm focal length: f/6.3–32 The minimum aperture displayed may vary depending on the size of the exposure increment selected with the camera. Metering Full aperture Filter-attachment size 58 mm (P = 0.75 mm) Dimensions Approx. 72 mm maximum diameter × 125 mm (distance from camera lens mount flange) Weight • AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED VR: Approx. 415 g (14.7 oz) • AF-P DX NIKKOR 70–300mm f/4.5–6.3G ED: Approx. 400 g (14.2 oz) 316 Technical Notes AF-S DX NIKKOR 55–200mm f/4–5.6G ED VR II Lenses Read this section if you purchased the camera with the AF-S DX NIKKOR 55–200mm f/4–5.6G ED VR II lens kit available in some countries or regions. The parts of the lens are listed below. 1 Lens cap 8 Lens mounting mark ................... 15 2 Lens hood mounting mark 9 CPU contacts................................ 253 3 Focus ring ....................................... 81 10 A-M mode switch ......................... 81 4 Zoom ring ....................................... 34 11 Vibration reduction ON/OFF switch ........................... 318 5 Retractable lens barrel button ... 16 6 Focal length scale 12 Rear lens cap 7 Focal length mark This retractable lens is for use exclusively with DX format Nikon digital cameras. ❚❚ Focus Focus mode is determined by the camera focus mode and the position of the lens A-M mode switch (0 81). Technical Notes 317 ❚❚ Vibration Reduction (VR) Vibration reduction can be enabled by sliding the vibration reduction switch to ON and takes effect whenever the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Vibration reduction reduces blur caused by camera shake, allowing shutter speeds up to 4.0 stops slower than would otherwise be the case and increasing the range of shutter speeds available. The effects of VR on shutter speed are measured according to Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA) standards; FX-format lenses are measured using FX-format SLR digital cameras, DX-format lenses using DX-format cameras. Zoom lenses are measured at maximum zoom. D Vibration Reduction • When using vibration reduction, press the shutter-release button halfway and wait for the image in the viewfinder to stabilize before pressing the shutter-release button the rest of the way down. • When vibration reduction is active, the image in the viewfinder may jiggle after the shutter is released. This does not indicate a malfunction. • When the camera is panned, vibration reduction applies only to motion that is not part of the pan (if the camera is panned horizontally, for example, vibration reduction will be applied only to vertical shake), making it much easier to pan the camera smoothly in a wide arc. • Do not turn the camera off or remove the lens while vibration reduction is in effect. • If the camera is equipped with a built-in flash, vibration reduction will be disabled while the flash charges. • Select OFF when the camera is mounted on a tripod unless the tripod head is unsecured or the camera is mounted on a monopod, in which case ON is recommended. 318 Technical Notes ❚❚ Supplied Accessories • LC-52 52 mm Snap-on Front Lens Cap • Rear Lens Cap ❚❚ Compatible Accessories • • • • 52 mm screw-on filters LF-4 Rear Lens Cap CL-0915 Flexible Lens Pouch HB-37 Bayonet Hood Align the lens hood mounting mark (●) with the lens hood alignment mark ( ) as shown in Figure q and then rotate the hood (w) until the ● mark is aligned with the lens hood lock mark (—). When attaching or removing the hood, hold it near the symbol on its base and avoid gripping it too tightly. Vignetting may occur if the hood is not correctly attached. The hood can be reversed and mounted on the lens when not in use. When the hood is reversed, it can be attached and removed by rotating it while holding it near the lock mark (—). Technical Notes 319 ❚❚ Specifications Type Focal length Maximum aperture Lens construction Angle of view Focal length scale Distance information Zoom Focusing Vibration reduction Minimum focus distance Diaphragm blades Diaphragm Aperture range Metering Filter-attachment size Dimensions Weight Type G AF-S DX lens with built-in CPU and F mount 55–200 mm f/4–5.6 13 elements in 9 groups (including 1 ED lens element) 28° 50 ´ – 8° Graduated in millimeters (55, 70, 85, 105, 135, 200) Output to camera Manual zoom using independent zoom ring Nikon Internal Focusing (IF) System with autofocus controlled by Silent Wave Motor and separate focus ring for manual focus Lens shift using voice coil motors (VCMs) 1.1 m (3.7 ft) from focal plane (0 82) at all zoom positions 7 (rounded diaphragm opening) Fully automatic • 55 mm focal length: f/4–22 • 200 mm focal length: f/5.6–32 Full aperture 52 mm (P = 0.75 mm) Approx. 70.5 mm maximum diameter × 83 mm (distance from camera lens mount flange when lens is retracted) Approx. 300 g (10.6 oz) Nikon reserves the right to change the appearance and specifications of the hardware and software described in this manual at any time and without prior notice. Nikon will not be held liable for damages that may result from any mistakes that this manual may contain. 320 Technical Notes D Lens Care • Keep the CPU contacts clean. • Use a blower to remove dust and lint from the lens surfaces. To remove smudges and fingerprints, apply a small amount of ethanol or lens cleaner to a soft, clean cotton cloth or lens-cleaning tissue and clean from the center outwards using a circular motion, taking care not to leave smears or touch the glass with your fingers. • Never use organic solvents such as paint thinner or benzene to clean the lens. • The lens hood or NC filters can be used to protect the front lens element. • Attach the front and rear caps before placing the lens in its case. • When a lens hood is attached, do not pick up or hold the lens or camera using only the hood. • If the lens will not be used for an extended period, store it in a cool, dry location to prevent mold and rust. Do not store in direct sunlight or with naphtha or camphor moth balls. • Keep the lens dry. Rusting of the internal mechanism can cause irreparable damage. • Leaving the lens in extremely hot locations could damage or warp parts made from reinforced plastic. Technical Notes 321 A A Note on Wide- and Super Wide-Angle Lenses Autofocus may not provide the desired results in situations like those shown below. 1 Objects in the background occupy more of the focus point than the main subject: If the focus point contains both foreground and background objects, the camera may focus on the background and the subject may be out of focus, particularly with wideand super wide-angle lenses. Example: A far-off portrait subject at some distance from the background 2 The subject contains many fine details. The camera may have difficulty focusing on subjects that contain many fine details. Example: A field of flowers In these cases, use manual focus, or use focus lock to focus on another subject at the same distance and then recompose the photograph. For more information, see “Getting Good Results with Autofocus” (0 72). 322 Technical Notes Memory Card Capacity The following table shows the approximate number of pictures that can be stored on a 16 GB SanDisk Extreme Pro SDHC UHS-I card at different image quality and size settings. No. of Buffer images 1 capacity 2 NEF (RAW)+JPEG fine 3 Large 33.0 MB 320 6 NEF (RAW) — 20.5 MB 505 17 Large 12.6 MB 920 100 JPEG fine Medium 7.6 MB 1500 100 Small 3.9 MB 2900 100 Large 6.5 MB 1800 100 JPEG normal Medium 3.9 MB 3000 100 Small 2.0 MB 5600 100 Large 2.5 MB 3500 100 JPEG basic Medium 1.8 MB 5700 100 Small 1.1 MB 10,300 100 1 All figures are approximate. Results will vary with card type, camera settings, and scene recorded. 2 Maximum number of exposures that can be stored in memory buffer at ISO 100. Drops when noise reduction (0 195), auto distortion control (0 196), or Date stamp (0 202) is on. 3 Image size applies to JPEG images only. Size of NEF (RAW) images can not be changed. File size is the total for NEF (RAW) and JPEG images. Image quality Image size File size 1 Technical Notes 323 Battery Life The movie footage or number of shots that can be recorded with fully-charged batteries varies with the condition of the battery, temperature, the interval between shots, and the length of time menus are displayed. Sample figures for EN-EL14a (1230 mAh) batteries are given below. • Photographs, single-frame release mode (CIPA standard 1): Approximately 1200 shots • Movies: Approximately 60 minutes at 1080/60p 2 1 Measured at 23 °C/73.4 °F (±2 °C/3.6 °F) with an AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR lens under the following test conditions: lens cycled from infinity to minimum range and one photograph taken at default settings once every 30 s; after photograph is taken, monitor is turned on for 4 s; tester waits for standby timer to expire after monitor is turned off; flash fired at full power once every other shot. Live view not used. 2 Measured at 23°C/73.4°F (±2 °C/3.6 °F) with the camera at default settings and an AF-P DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR lens under conditions specified by the Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA). Individual movies can be up to 20 minutes in length or 4 GB in size; recording may end before these limits are reached if the camera temperature rises. 324 Technical Notes The following can reduce battery life: • Using the monitor • Keeping the shutter-release button pressed halfway • Repeated autofocus operations • Taking NEF (RAW) photographs • Slow shutter speeds • Using camera Bluetooth features • Using the camera with optional accessories connected • Using VR (vibration reduction) mode with VR lenses • Repeatedly zooming in and out with an AF-P lens. To ensure that you get the most from rechargeable Nikon EN-EL14a batteries: • Keep the battery contacts clean. Soiled contacts can reduce battery performance. • Use batteries immediately after charging. Batteries will lose their charge if left unused. Technical Notes 325 Index Symbols i (Auto mode) .............................. 5, 32 j (Auto (flash off) mode) ........... 5, 32 k (Portrait) ...................................... 5, 48 l (Landscape) ................................ 5, 49 p (Child) ........................................... 5, 49 m (Sports) ......................................... 5, 49 n (Close up) .................................... 5, 50 o (Night portrait) .......................... 5, 50 q (Special effects) ................. 5, 51 % (Night vision) ..................................52 S (Super vivid) ....................................52 T (Pop) .................................................52 U (Photo illustration) .................53, 56 ' (Toy camera effect) ................53, 57 ( (Miniature effect) ...................53, 58 3 (Selective color) ......................54, 60 1 (Silhouette) ......................................54 2 (High key) .........................................54 3 (Low key) ..........................................55 P (Programmed auto) ........... 5, 98, 99 S (Shutter-priority auto) ..... 5, 98, 101 A (Aperture-priority auto) .. 5, 98, 103 M (Manual) ..............................5, 98, 105 g (Guide) ........................................42 U (flexible program) ....................... 100 8 (Single frame) ................................62 I (Continuous) ...........................62, 63 E (Self-timer) ................................62, 66 J (Quiet shutter release) .........62, 65 " (Delayed remote (ML-L3)) 62, 95 # (Quick-response remote (ML-L3)) .. 62, 95 c (Single-point AF) .........................74 d (Dynamic-area AF) ......................74 e (Auto-area AF) ..............................74 f (3D-tracking) .................................74 326 Technical Notes 6 (Face-priority AF) .......................... 75 7 (Wide-area AF) ............................... 75 8 (Normal-area AF) ........................... 75 9 (Subject-tracking AF) ................ 76 L (Matrix metering) .......................111 M (Center-weighted metering) ..111 N (Spot metering) ...........................111 o (auto flash) ............................... 88 j (red-eye reduction) ............. 88, 90 p (slow sync) ........................ 88, 90 q (rear-curtain sync) ................ 90 Y (Flash compensation) ..............117 E (Exposure compensation) .......115 m (White balance) ..........................121 L (Preset manual) .........................126 3 (“Beep” indicator) ........................213 I (focus indicator) .............. 35, 79, 82 N (flash-ready indicator) ... 4, 38, 265 a (live view) button ................32, 138 P button ............................. 11, 143, 155 R button .................................................6 t (memory buffer) ....................64, 323 Numerics 3D-tracking (AF-area mode) .......... 74 420-pixel RGB sensor ...198, 297, 298 A AC adapter ............................... 267, 270 Access lamp ......................................... 36 Accessories .........................................267 Active D-Lighting .............................119 Adobe RGB .........................................194 AE lock .................................................113 AE-L .......................................................113 AE-L/AF-L button ................ 80, 113, 215 AF ..................................................... 69–80 AF-A ........................................................ 69 AF activation ..................................... 215 AF-area mode ......................................74 AF-assist illuminator .......73, 196, 256 AF-C .........................................................69 AF-F .........................................................70 AF-S ..................................................69, 70 Airplane mode .................................. 222 A-M mode switch ..................... 81, 317 Angle of view .................................... 261 Aperture ....................................103, 106 Aperture-priority auto ................... 103 Auto (White balance) ..................... 121 Auto distortion control ................. 196 Auto flash ..............................................88 Auto image rotation ....................... 188 Auto info display ............................. 206 Auto ISO sensitivity control 193, 194 Auto off timers ................................. 207 Auto-area AF (AF-area mode) ........74 Autoexposure lock .......................... 113 Autofocus ...................................... 69–80 Auto-servo AF ......................................69 Available settings ............................ 281 B Battery ...................12, 13, 31, 267, 302 Beep ..................................................... 213 Black-and-white ............................... 240 Bluetooth .....................................xx, 223 Body cap .........................................2, 268 Border (PictBridge) ......................... 182 Built-in AF-assist illuminator 73, 196, 256 Built-in flash ........................ 38, 87, 258 Bulb ...................................................... 107 Burst ........................................................63 Buttons ................................................ 214 C Calendar playback .......................... 154 Capture NX-D .................................... 177 CEC ........................................................185 Center-weighted metering ..........111 Charger ............................... 12, 267, 302 Choose start/end point .................146 Clock ..............................................25, 205 Clock battery ....................................... 13 Cloudy (White balance) .................121 CLS ........................................................262 Color outline ......................................243 Color sketch .......................................244 Color space .........................................194 Color temperature ...........................123 Compatible lenses ...........................252 Conformity marking .......................225 Connect to smart device ...............222 Continuous (Release mode) .... 62, 63 Continuous-servo AF ........................ 69 Copyright Information ...................212 CPU contacts .....................................253 CPU lens ..............................................252 Creative Lighting System ..............262 Cropping (PictBridge) ....................182 Cross screen (Filter effects) ...........239 Cyanotype ..........................................240 D Date and time ...................................205 Date counter ............................ 202, 203 Date format .................................25, 205 Date stamp .........................................202 Daylight saving time ................25, 205 DCF version 2.0 .................................303 Delayed remote (ML-L3) ........... 62, 95 Delete ............................................41, 171 Delete all images ..............................172 Delete current image .....................171 Delete selected images .................172 Device control (HDMI) ....................185 Diopter adjustment control ..26, 268 Direct sunlight (White balance) ..121 Distortion control ............................237 Technical Notes 327 D-Lighting .......................................... 235 Dynamic-area AF ................................74 E Edit movie ................................. 146, 150 Electronic rangefinder ............ 82, 216 Exif version 2.3 ................................. 303 Exposure ...........................111, 113, 115 Exposure compensation ............... 115 Exposure indicator ................... 10, 106 Exposure lock ................................... 113 Exposure meters .................................37 Exposure mode ...................................98 Eye-Fi upload .................................... 224 F Face-priority AF ..................................75 Face zoom .......................................... 167 File information ...................... 156, 157 File naming ........................................ 221 File number sequence ................... 218 Filter effects .....................135, 137, 239 Filters ................................................... 267 Fine-tuning white balance .......... 124 Firmware version ............................ 226 Fisheye ................................................ 238 Flash .............................. 38, 87, 197, 262 Flash (White balance) .................... 121 Flash cntrl for built-in flash .......... 197 Flash compensation ....................... 117 Flash control ..................................... 198 Flash mode ....................................88, 90 Flash range ...........................................92 Flash ready indicator ..........4, 38, 265 Flash sync speed ...................... 91, 296 Flat (Set Picture Control) .............. 132 Flexible program ............................. 100 Flicker reduction ..................... 140, 213 Fluorescent (White balance) ...... 121, 123 Fn button ............................................ 214 328 Technical Notes f-number .............................................103 Focal length .......................................261 Focal length scale .........306, 312, 317 Focal plane mark ................................ 82 Focus ............................................... 69–83 Focus indicator ..................... 35, 79, 82 Focus lock ............................................. 79 Focus mode ......................................... 69 Focus point ..................... 34, 74, 76, 82 Focusing screen ...............................296 Focusing the viewfinder ................. 26 Focus-mode switch ........................... 81 Format memory card .....................201 Frame interval (Slide show) .........176 Frame size/frame rate ....................141 Framing grid ...........................................8 Front-curtain sync ............................. 90 Full-frame playback ........................152 Full-time-servo AF ............................. 70 G Guide mode ......................................... 42 H H.264 ....................................................300 HDMI .......................................... 184, 303 HDMI-CEC ...........................................185 Help ........................................................ 28 Hi (Sensitivity) ..................................... 93 High definition ........................ 184, 303 Highlights ................................. 157, 187 Histogram ................................. 158, 187 I Image comment ...............................211 Image Dust Off ref photo ..............209 Image overlay ...................................241 Image quality ...................................... 84 Image review .....................................188 Image size ............................................. 86 Image type (Slide show) ................176 Incandescent (White balance) .... 121 Info display format .......................... 206 In-focus indicator .................35, 79, 82 Information display ....................6, 206 Infrared receiver .................................96 ISO sensitivity ............................ 93, 192 i-TTL ................................... 197, 198, 262 i-TTL balanced fill-flash for digital SLR .............................................198, 262 J JPEG .........................................................84 JPEG basic .............................................84 JPEG fine ................................................84 JPEG normal .........................................84 L Landscape (Set Picture Control) 132 Language .................................... 19, 205 Large (Image size) ..............................86 Lens ......................................15, 252, 306 Lens focus ring ....... 81, 306, 312, 317 Lens mount .............................. 2, 15, 82 Lens vibration reduction switch ..17, 318 Live view ...................................... 32, 138 Location data ...........................164, 221 Lock mirror up for cleaning ......... 273 Microphone .......................................141 Miniature effect .........................58, 245 Minimum shutter speed ................193 Mired ....................................................125 Mirror ............................................... 2, 273 Mode dial .................................................5 Monitor ...................................... 152, 205 Monitor brightness .........................205 Monochrome .....................................240 Monochrome (Set Picture Control) .. 132 Mounting mark .......15, 306, 312, 317 Movie quality .....................................141 Movie settings ...................................141 Movie-record button ......................139 Movies ..................................................138 N NEF (RAW) .......................... 84, 221, 230 NEF (RAW) processing ....................230 Neutral (Set Picture Control) ........132 Nikon Transfer 2 ...............................179 No. of copies (PictBridge) ..............182 Noise reduction ................................195 Non-CPU lens ....................................254 Normal-area AF ................................... 75 Number of exposures remaining . 31 Number of shots ..............................324 M O Manual ......................................... 81, 105 Manual focus ..........................69, 70, 81 Manual focus ring in AF mode ... 217 Manual movie settings .................. 142 Matrix metering ............................... 111 Maximum sensitivity ...................... 193 Medium (Image size) .........................86 Memory buffer .......................... 64, 323 Memory card ........... 13, 201, 269, 323 Memory card capacity ................... 323 Metering ............................................. 111 Optical VR ...........................................198 Optional flash .......................... 197, 262 Output resolution (HDMI) .............185 Overview data ...................................163 P Page size (PictBridge) .....................182 Painting ...............................................248 Perspective control .........................238 Photo illustration ......................56, 244 Photo information ................. 156, 187 Technical Notes 329 PictBridge .................................. 181, 303 Picture Controls ...................... 132, 134 Playback ...................................... 40, 152 Playback display options .............. 187 Playback folder ................................ 187 Playback information ...........156, 187 Playback menu ................................. 186 Playback zoom ................................. 165 Portrait (Set Picture Control) ....... 132 Power connector .................... 267, 270 Preset manual (White balance) . 121, 126 Press the shutter-release button all the way down ....................................36 Press the shutter-release button halfway ..........................................35, 36 Print date (PictBridge) ................... 182 Print select ......................................... 183 Printing ............................................... 181 Programmed auto .............................99 Protecting photographs ............... 168 Q Quick retouch ................................... 236 Quick-response remote (ML-L3) ..62, 95 Quiet shutter release .................62, 65 R Rangefinder ................................ 82, 216 Rating ......................................... 169, 176 Rear-curtain sync ................................90 Recent settings ................................ 251 Red-eye correction ......................... 236 Red-eye reduction ......................88, 90 Release mode ......................................62 Remote control ......................... 95, 269 Remote on duration (ML-L3) ....... 208 Reset ..................................192, 201, 226 Reset all settings .............................. 226 Reset setup options ....................... 201 330 Technical Notes Reset shooting menu .....................192 Resize ...................................................233 Retouch menu ..................................227 Retractable lens barrel button ..... 16, 17, 306, 317 RGB ............................................. 158, 194 RGB histogram ..................................158 Rotate tall ...........................................189 S Save selected frame ........................150 Scene auto selector ........................... 37 Scene mode ......................................... 48 Select to send to smart device ....189 Selective color ............................60, 246 Self-timer ..............................62, 66, 208 Send to smart device (auto) .........223 Sensitivity ....................................93, 192 Sepia .....................................................240 Set Picture Control ..........................134 Setup menu .......................................199 Shade (White balance) ...................121 Shooting data ...................................160 Shooting menu ................................190 Shutter-priority auto ......................101 Shutter-release button ...36, 79, 113, 215 Side-by-side comparison ..............249 Single frame (Release mode) ......... 62 Single-point AF (AF-area mode) ... 74 Single-servo AF ............................ 69, 70 Size .................................................86, 141 Skylight (Filter effects) ...................239 Slide show ..........................................174 Slot empty release lock .................226 Slow sync ....................................... 88, 90 Small (Image size) .............................. 86 SnapBridge ....................................... i, 18 Soft (Filter effects) ...........................239 Special effects mode ........................ 51 Speedlight ..........................................262 Spot metering .................................. 111 sRGB ..................................................... 194 Standard (Set Picture Control) .... 132 Standard i-TTL fill-flash for digital SLR .............................................198, 262 Standby timer ............................ 37, 207 Start printing (PictBridge) ...182, 183 Storage folder ................................... 219 Straighten .......................................... 237 Subject-tracking AF ...........................76 Sync with smart device ................. 205 W Warm filter (Filter effects) .............239 WB .........................................................121 White balance ...................................121 Wide-area AF ....................................... 75 Wind noise reduction .....................142 T Television ........................................... 184 Thumbnail playback ....................... 153 Time ..................................................... 107 Time zone .................................... 25, 205 Time zone and date ................. 25, 205 Timer .......................................................66 Toning ........................................135, 137 Trim .............................................166, 232 Trimming movies ............................ 146 Type D lens ........................................ 253 Type E lens ......................................... 253 Type G lens ........................................ 253 U USB cable ........................ 178, 181, 268 V Vibration reduction .......17, 198, 309, 314, 318 Viewfinder ...............................4, 26, 296 Viewfinder eyepiece cap .................68 ViewNX-i ............................................. 177 Vignette control ............................... 195 Vivid (Set Picture Control) ............ 132 Volume .......................................145, 174 Technical Notes 331 No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORATION. SB8E03(11) 6MB35411-03
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