Micro Motion 4200 Owner's Manual
Below you will find brief information for 4200 Transmitters. This manual guides you through configuring, commissioning, using, maintaining, and troubleshooting your Micro Motion 4200 transmitter. Learn about setting up process measurements like mass flow, volume flow, density, and temperature, and how to integrate the transmitter with your control system using HART communications. You'll also find guidance on utilizing features such as Smart Meter Verification and diagnostics.
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Micro Motion
™
4200 Transmitters
Configuration and Use Manual
MMI-20048166, Rev AC
April 2020
Configuration and Use Manual
Safety messages
Safety messages are provided throughout this manual to protect personnel and equipment. Read each safety message carefully before proceeding to the next step.
Safety and approval information
This Micro Motion product complies with all applicable European directives when properly installed in accordance with the instructions in this manual. Refer to the EU declaration of conformity for directives that apply to this product. The EU declaration of conformity, with all applicable European directives, and the complete ATEX Installation Drawings and Instructions are available on the internet at www.emerson.com
or through your local Micro Motion support center.
Information affixed to equipment that complies with the Pressure Equipment Directive, can be found on the internet at www.emerson.com
.
For hazardous installations in Europe, refer to standard EN 60079-14 if national standards do not apply.
Other information
Full product specifications can be found in the product data sheet. Troubleshooting information can be found in the configuration manual. Product data sheets and manuals are available from the Micro Motion web site at www.emerson.com
.
Return policy
Follow Micro Motion procedures when returning equipment. These procedures ensure legal compliance with government transportation agencies and help provide a safe working environment for Micro Motion employees. Micro Motion will not accept your returned equipment if you fail to follow Micro Motion procedures.
Return procedures and forms are available on our web support site at www.emerson.com
, or by phoning the Micro Motion
Customer Service department.
Emerson Flow customer service
Email:
• Worldwide: [email protected]
• Asia-Pacific: [email protected]
Telephone:
Asia Pacific
Australia
New Zealand
800 158 727
099 128 804
North and South America
United States
Canada
800-522-6277
Europe and Middle East
U.K. and Ireland
+1 303-527-5200 The Netherlands
Mexico
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Peru
+52 55 5809 5300
+54 11 4837 7000
+55 15 3413 8000
+56 2 2928 4800
+51 15190130
France
Germany
Italy
Central & Eastern
Russia/CIS
Egypt
Oman
Qatar
Kuwait
South Africa
0870 240 1978
+31 (0) 704 136
666
+33 (0) 800 917
901
0800 182 5347
+39 8008 77334
+41 (0) 41 7686
111
+7 495 995 9559
0800 000 0015
800 70101
431 0044
663 299 01
800 991 390
Saudi Arabia
UAE
800 844 9564
800 0444 0684
India
Pakistan
China
Japan
South Korea
Singapore
Thailand
Malaysia
800 440 1468
888 550 2682
+86 21 2892 9000
+81 3 5769 6803
+82 2 3438 4600
+65 6 777 8211
001 800 441 6426
800 814 008
2
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Contents
Configure advanced options for process measurement............................................ 71
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12.1 Use Smart Meter Verification
............................................................................................... 131
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Concentration measurement matrices, derived variables, and process variables.... 221
6 Micro Motion 4200 Transmitters
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Before you begin
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1 Before you begin
1.1 About this manual
This manual helps you configure, commission, use, maintain, and troubleshoot Micro Motion 4200 transmitters.
Important
This manual assumes that:
• The transmitter has been installed correctly and completely according to the instructions in the transmitter installation manual
• Users understand basic transmitter and sensor installation, configuration, and maintenance concepts and procedures
1.2 Hazard messages
This document uses the following criteria for hazard messages based on ANSI standards Z535.6-2011
(R2017).
DANGER
Serious injury or death will occur if a hazardous situation is not avoided.
WARNING
Serious injury or death could occur if a hazardous situation is not avoided.
CAUTION
Minor or moderate injury will or could occur if a hazardous situation is not avoided.
NOTICE
Data loss, property damage, hardware damage, or software damage can occur if a situation is not avoided.
There is no credible risk of physical injury.
Physical access
NOTICE
Unauthorized personnel can potentially cause significant damage and/or misconfiguration of end users' equipment. Protect against all intentional or unintentional unauthorized use.
Physical security is an important part of any security program and fundamental to protecting your system.
Restrict physical access to protect users' assets. This is true for all systems used within the facility.
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1.3 Related documents
See the approval documentation shipped with the transmitter, or download the appropriate documentation from the Micro Motion website at www.emerson.com
.
• Micro Motion 4200 2-Wire Transmitter: Installation Manual
• Micro Motion 4200 2-Wire Transmitter: Product Data Sheet
• Micro Motion 4200 2-Wire Transmitter: Safety Manual for Safety Instrumented Systems
• Micro Motion ProLink III with ProcessViz Software User Manual
• Sensor installation manual, which is shipped with the sensor
• FMEDA report for the Coriolis flow meter with the 4200 transmitter, prepared for Emerson by exida.com
LLC
1.4 Installation types
The 4200 transmitter was ordered and shipped for one of two installation types. The fifth character of the transmitter number indicates the installation type.
Figure 1-1: Installation type indication for 4200 transmitters
The number is located on the device tag on the side of the transmitter.
Table 1-1: Installation types for 4200 transmitters
I
Code
C
Description
Integral mount
Remote mount
Micro Motion 4200 Transmitters
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Figure 1-2: 4200 transmitter -- Integral mount
Before you begin
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A. Conduit openings
B. Clamping ring
C. Sensor case
D. Transmitter housing cover (hidden from view)
The transmitter is installed directly on the sensor.
The connections between the transmitter and sensor are 9-wire, and do not require field wiring on the integral mount version.
The I/O connections consist of two channels, each channel being 2-wire. Power must be supplied to Channel
A for the transmitter to operate, while Channel B connections are optional.
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Figure 1-3: 4200 transmitter -- Remote mount
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A. Transmitter housing cover
B. Clamping ring
C. Junction box
The transmitter is installed remotely from the sensor. The 9-wire connection between the sensor and transmitter must be field wired. Power supply and I/O must be field wired to the transmitter. The sensor connection is in the junction box.
1.5 Communication tools and protocols
You can use several different communications tools and protocols to interface with the transmitter, use different tools in different locations, or use different tools for different tasks.
Tool
Display
ProLink ™ III
Supported protocols
Not applicable
• HART ®
• “Factory Use Only” port in non-hazardous areas
Field Communicator • HART
For information about how to use the communication tools, see Using ProLink III with the transmitter
and
Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter
in this manual.
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Note
Some configuration and administrative procedures can be performed through the display menus. However, for complete access to transmitter functions, Micro Motion recommends setting up and using an administrative connection.
Tip
You may be able to use other communications tools, such as AMS ™ Suite: Intelligent Device Manager, or the
Smart Wireless THUM www.emerson.com
.
™ Adapter. Use of AMS or the Smart Wireless THUM Adapter is not discussed in this manual. For more information on the Smart Wireless THUM Adapter, refer to the documentation available at
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2 Quick start
2.1 Applying power
The transmitter must be powered up for all configuration and commissioning tasks or for process measurement.
Procedure
1. Verify that the cables are connected to the transmitter as described in the installation manual.
2. Verify that all transmitter and sensor covers and seals are closed.
WARNING
To prevent ignition of flammable or combustible atmospheres, ensure that all covers and seals are tightly closed. For hazardous area installations, applying power while housing covers are removed or loose can cause an explosion.
3. Turn on the electrical power at the power supply.
The transmitter will automatically perform diagnostic routines. During this period, the Transmitter
Initializing alert is active. The diagnostic routines should complete in approximately 30 seconds.
Postrequisites
Although the sensor is ready to receive process fluid shortly after power-up, the electronics can take up to
10 minutes to reach thermal equilibrium. Therefore, if this is the initial startup, or if power has been off long enough to allow components to reach ambient temperature, allow the electronics to warm up for approximately 10 minutes before relying on process measurements. During this warm-up period, you may observe minor measurement instability or inaccuracy.
When the flow meter has completed its power-up sequence, if the default settings are in effect:
• The display will show the current mass flow rate and measurement unit.
• If there are any active fault or informational alarms, the alert banner displays until the alert has been manually acknowledged.
• If the alert has been acknowledged but is still active, the alert icon displays above the menu button, and the Alert List menu appears at the top of the main menu.
2.2 Check meter status
Check the meter for any error conditions that require user action or that affect measurement accuracy.
Procedure
Wait approximately 10 seconds for the power-up sequence to complete.
Immediately after power-up, the transmitter runs through diagnostic routines and checks for error conditions. During the power-up sequence, the Transmitter Initializing alert is active. This alert should clear automatically when the power-up sequence is complete.
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2.3 Commissioning wizards
The transmitter menu includes a Guided Setup to help you move quickly through the most common configuration parameters. ProLink III also provides a commissioning wizard.
By default, when the transmitter starts up, the Guided Setup menu is offered. You can choose to use it or not.
You can also choose whether or not Guided Setup is displayed automatically.
• To enter Guided Setup upon transmitter startup, choose Yes at the prompt.
• To enter Guided Setup after transmitter startup, choose Menu → Startup Tasks .
• To control the automatic display of Guided Setup, choose Menu → Configuration → Guided Setup .
For information on the ProLink III commissioning wizard, see the Micro Motion ProLink III with ProcessViz
Software User Manual .
As the commissioning wizards are self guided, they are not documented in detail.
2.4 Make a startup connection to the transmitter
For all configuration tools except the display, you must have an active connection to the transmitter to configure the transmitter.
Procedure
Identify the connection type to use, and follow the instructions for that connection type in the appropriate appendix.
Communications tool
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Connection type to use
HART
HART
Instructions
Using ProLink III with the transmitter
Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter
2.5 Set the transmitter clock
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Time/Date/Tag
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Clock
Configure → Manual Setup → Clock
The transmitter clock provides timestamp data for alerts, service logs, history logs, and all other timers and dates in the system. You can set the clock for your local time or for any standard time you want to use.
Tip
You may find it convenient to set all of your transmitter clocks to the same time, even if the transmitters are in different time zones.
Procedure
1. Select the time zone that you want to use.
2. If you need a custom time zone, select Special Time Zone and enter your time zone as a difference from UTC (Coordinated Universal Time).
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3. Set the time appropriately for the selected time zone.
Tip
The transmitter does not adjust for Daylight Savings Time. If you observe Daylight Savings Time, you must reset the transmitter clock manually.
4. Set the month, day, and year.
The transmitter tracks the year and automatically adds a day for leap years.
2.6 View the licensed features
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → About → Licenses → Licensed Features
Device Tools → Device Information → Licensed Features
Overview → Device Information → Licenses
You can view the licensed features to ensure that the transmitter was ordered with the required features.
Licensed features are purchased and available for permanent use. The options model code represents the licensed features.
A trial license allows you to explore features before purchasing. The trial license enables the specified features for a limited number of days. This number is displayed for reference. At the end of this period, the feature will no longer be available.
To purchase additional features or request a trial license, document the Unique ID Number and current license key from your transmitter and contact customer service. To enable the additional features or trial license, you will need to install the new license on the transmitter.
2.7 Set informational parameters
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Device Information
Device Tools → Configuration → Informational Parameters
Configure → Manual Setup → Device
You can set several parameters that identify or describe the transmitter and sensor. These parameters are not used in processing and are not required.
Procedure
1. Set informational parameters for the transmitter.
a) Set Transmitter Serial Number to the serial number of your transmitter.
The transmitter serial number is provided on the metal tag that is attached to the transmitter housing.
b) Set Descriptor to any desired description of this transmitter or measurement point.
c) Set Message to any desired message.
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MMI-20048166 d) Verify that Model Code (Base) is set to the base model code of the transmitter.
The base model code completely describes your transmitter, except for the features that can be licensed independently. The base model code is set at the factory.
e) Set Model Code (Options) to the options model code of the transmitter.
The options model code describes the independent features that have been licensed for this transmitter. The original options model code is set at the factory. If you license additional options for this transmitter, Micro Motion will supply an updated options model code.
For the Field Communicator, configuring model code options is not available for this release.
2. Set informational parameters for the sensor.
a) Set Sensor Serial Number to the serial number of the sensor connected to this transmitter.
The sensor serial number is provided on the metal tag that is attached to the sensor case.
b) Set Sensor Material to the material used for the sensor.
c) Set Sensor Liner to the material used for the sensor liner, if any.
d) Set Flange Type to the type of flange that was used to install the sensor.
Do not set Sensor Type . Sensor Type is set or derived during characterization.
2.8 Characterize the meter (if required)
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Sensor Parameters
Device Tools → Calibration Data
Configure → Manual Setup → Characterization
Characterizing the meter adjusts your transmitter to match the unique traits of the sensor it is paired with.
The characterization parameters (also called calibration parameters) describe the sensor’s sensitivity to flow, density, and temperature. Depending on your sensor type, different parameters are required.
Values for your sensor are provided on the sensor tag or the calibration certificate.
If your transmitter was ordered with a sensor, it was characterized at the factory. However, you should still verify the characterization parameters.
The 4200 will automatically select sensor type based on the entered sensor parameters.
Note
Unlike earlier transmitters, the 4200 derives the sensor type from the user-specified values for FCF and K1 in combination with an internal ID.
Procedure
1. Set the flow calibration factor: FCF (also called Flow Cal or Flow Calibration Factor ). Be sure to include all decimal points.
2. Set the density characterization parameters: D1 , D2 , TC , K1 , K2 , and FD . ( TC is sometimes shown as
DT .)
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3. Apply the changes as required by the tool you are using.
The transmitter identifies your sensor type, and characterization parameters are adjusted as required:
• If Sensor Type changed from Straight Tube to Curved Tube, five characterization parameters are removed from the list.
• If Sensor Type did not change, the list of characterization parameters does not change.
2.8.1 Sample sensor tags
Figure 2-1: Tag on older curved-tube sensors (all sensors except T-Series)
Figure 2-2: Tag on newer curved-tube sensors (all sensors except T-Series)
2.8.2 Flow calibration parameters (FCF, FT)
Two separate values are used to describe flow calibration: a 6-character FCF value and a 4-character FT value.
They are provided on the sensor tag.
Both values contain decimal points. During characterization, these are entered as a single 10-character string.
The 10-character string is called either Flowcal or FCF .
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If your sensor tag shows the FCF and the FT values separately and you need to enter a single value, concatenate the two values to form the single parameter value, retaining both decimal points.
Concatenating FCF and FT
FCF = x.xxxx FT = y.yy Flow calibration parameter: x.xxxxy.yy
2.8.3 Density calibration parameters (D1, D2, K1, K2, FD, DT, TC)
Density calibration parameters are typically on the sensor tag and the calibration certificate.
If your sensor tag does not show a D1 or D2 value:
• For D1 , enter the Dens A or D1 value from the calibration certificate. This value is the line-condition density of the low-density calibration fluid. Micro Motion uses air. If you cannot find a Dens A or D1 value, enter 0.001
g/cm 3 .
• For D2 , enter the Dens B or D2 value from the calibration certificate. This value is the line-condition density of the high-density calibration fluid. Micro Motion uses water. If you cannot find a Dens B or D2 value, enter 0.998
g/cm 3 .
If your sensor tag does not show a K1 or K2 value:
• For K1 , enter the first five digits of the density calibration factor. In this sample tag, this value is shown as
12500.
• For K2 , enter the second five digits of the density calibration factor. In this sample tag, this value is shown as 14286.
Figure 2-3: K1, K2, and TC values in the density calibration factor
If your sensor does not show an FD value, contact customer service.
If your sensor tag does not show a DT or TC value, enter the last four characters of the density calibration factor. In the sample tag shown above, the value is shown as 4.44.
Do not confuse the Meter Factor line on the pictured sensor tag with any meter factor settings discussed in this manual.
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2.9 Verify mass flow measurement
Check to see that the mass flow rate reported by the transmitter is accurate. You can use any available method.
Procedure
• Read the value for Mass Flow Rate on the transmitter display, which is the default initial display.
• Connect to the transmitter with ProLink III and read the value for Mass Flow Rate in the Process Variables panel.
• Connect to the transmitter with the Field Communicator and read the value for Mass Flow Rate .
Online → Overview → Mass Flow Rate
Postrequisites
If the reported mass flow rate is not accurate:
• Check the characterization parameters.
• Review the troubleshooting suggestions for flow measurement issues.
2.10 Verify the zero
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Service Tools → Verification & Calibration → Meter Zero → Zero Verification
Device Tools → Calibration → Smart Zero Verification and Calibration → Verify Zero
Service Tools → Maintenance → Calibration → Zero Calibration → Perform Zero Verify
Verifying the zero helps you determine if the stored zero value is appropriate to your installation, or if a field zero can improve measurement accuracy.
Important
In most cases, the factory zero is more accurate than the field zero. Do not zero the meter unless one of the following is true:
• The zero is required by site procedures.
• The stored zero value fails the zero verification procedure.
Prerequisites
Important
Do not verify the zero or zero the meter if a high-severity alert is active. Correct the problem, then verify the zero or zero the meter. You may verify the zero or zero the meter if a low-severity alert is active.
Procedure
1. Prepare the meter: a) Allow the meter to warm up for at least 20 minutes after applying power.
b) Run the process fluid through the sensor until the sensor temperature reaches the normal process operating temperature.
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MMI-20048166 c) Stop flow through the sensor by shutting the downstream valve, and then the upstream valve if available.
d) Verify that the sensor is blocked in, that flow has stopped, and that the sensor is completely full of process fluid.
2. Start the zero verification procedure, and wait until it completes.
3. If the zero verification procedure fails: a) Confirm that the sensor is completely blocked in, that flow has stopped, and that the sensor is completely full of process fluid.
b) Verify that the process fluid is not flashing or condensing, and that it does not contain particles that can settle out.
c) Repeat the zero verification procedure.
d) If it fails again, zero the meter.
Postrequisites
Restore normal flow through the sensor by opening the valves.
Related information
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Introduction to configuration and commissioning
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3 Introduction to configuration and commissioning
3.1 Security and write protection
The transmitter has several features that can help to protect it against intentional or unintentional access and configuration changes.
• When enabled, the software setting Write Protection prevents any configuration changes. When enabled, a lock icon displays at the top of the home screen of the display.
• When enabled, the display option Display Security prevents any configuration changes being made from the display unless the display password is entered. Display Security does not prevent configuration changes from other interfaces.
3.1.1 Enable or disable software write protection
When enabled, Write-Protection prevents changes to the transmitter configuration. You can perform all other functions, and you can view the transmitter configuration parameters.
Write protection is enabled by toggling the physical write protect (dip) switch (identified by a lock icon) located behind the display module.
Figure 3-1: Write protect (dip) switch behind the display module
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Figure 3-2: Write protect on the display (upper right corner)
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You cannot change write protection from any host configuration tool.
Note
Write protecting the transmitter primarily prevents accidental changes to configuration, not intentional changes. Any user who can change the switch can disable write protection.
3.1.2 Configure security for the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Security → Display Security
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → Display Security
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Menus
You can configure a display password, and require the operator to enter the password to make any changes to configuration through the display, or to access alert data through the display.
The operator always has read-only access to the configuration menus.
Procedure
1. Enable or disable display security as desired.
Option Description
Enabled When an operator chooses an action that leads to a configuration change, they are prompted to enter the display password.
Disabled When an operator chooses an action that leads to a configuration change, they are prompted to activate ⇦⇧⇩⇨ . This is designed to protect against accidental changes to configuration. It is not a security measure.
2. If you enabled display security, enable or disable alert security as desired.
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Option Description
Enabled If an alert is active, the alert symbol ⓘ is shown above the Menu button on the display but the alert banner is not displayed. If the operator attempts to enter the alert menu, they are prompted to enter the display password.
Disabled If an alert is active, the alert symbol ⓘ is shown in the upper right corner of the display and the alert banner is displayed automatically. No password or confirmation is required to enter the alert menu.
Restriction
You cannot disable display security and enable alert security.
• If you did not enable display security, alert security is disabled and cannot be enabled.
• If both display security and alert security are enabled, and you disable display security, alert security is disabled automatically.
3. Set the display password to the desired value.
• Default: AAAA
• Range: Any four alphanumeric characters
If you enable display security but you do not change the display password, the transmitter will post a configuration alert.
3.2 Work with configuration files
You can save the current transmitter configuration in two forms: a backup file and a replication file.
Tip
You can use a saved configuration file to change the nature of the transmitter quickly. This might be convenient if the transmitter is used for different applications or different process fluids.
Backup files Contain all parameters. They are used to restore the current device if required.
The .spare
extension is used to identify backup files.
Replication files Contain all parameters except the device-specific parameters, e.g., calibration factors or meter factors. They are used to replicate the transmitter configuration to other devices.
The .xfer
extension is used to identify replication files.
3.2.1 Save a configuration file using ProLink III
You can save the current transmitter configuration to your PC. The ProLink PC file format is supported.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration Transfer → Save Configuration .
2. Select On my computer in ProLink III file format and click Next .
3. Select Save .
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4. Select the configuration parameters to be included in this file.
• To save a backup file, select all parameters.
• To save a replication file, select all parameters except device-specific parameters.
5. Select Save.
6. Browse to the desired location, then enter the name for this configuration file.
7. Set the file type to ProLink configuration file.
8. Select Start Save.
The configuration file is saved to the specified location as yourname .pcfg
.
3.2.2 Load a configuration file using ProLink III
You can load a configuration file to the transmitter's working memory. The PC file formats are supported: the
ProLink III PC file format is supported.
Note
When you use ProLink III format for configuration files, you can specify configuration parameters individually or by groups. Therefore, you can use this format for both backup and replication.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration Transfer → Load Configuration .
2. Select On my computer in ProLink III file format and click Next .
3. Select the parameters that you want to load.
4. Select Load.
5. Set the file type to Configuration file.
6. Navigate to the file you want to load, and select it.
7. Select Start Load.
The parameters are written to working memory, and the new settings become effectively immediately.
3.2.3 Restore the factory configuration
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Restore Factory Configuration
Device Tools → Configuration Transfer → Restore Factory Configuration
Service Tools → Maintenance → Reset/Restore → Restore Factory Configuration
A file containing the factory configuration is always saved in the transmitter's internal memory, and is available for use.
This action is typically used for error recovery or for repurposing a transmitter.
If you restore the factory configuration, the real-time clock, the audit trail, the historian, and other logs are not reset.
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Configure process measurement
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4 Configure process measurement
4.1 Configure Sensor Flow Direction Arrow
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Flow Direction
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Sensor Direction
Sensor Flow Direction Arrow is used to accommodate installations in which the Flow arrow on the sensor does not match the majority of the process flow. This typically happens when the sensor is accidentally installed backwards.
Sensor Flow Direction Arrow interacts with mA Output Direction , Frequency Output Direction , and
Totalizer Direction to control how flow is reported by the outputs and accumulated by the totalizers and inventories.
Sensor Flow Direction Arrow also affects how flow is reported on the transmitter display and via digital communications. This includes ProLink III and the Field Communicator.
Figure 4-1: Flow arrow on sensor
A. Flow arrow
B. Actual flow direction
Procedure
Set Sensor Flow Direction Arrow as appropriate.
Option Description
With Arrow The majority of flow through the sensor matches the flow arrow on the sensor. Actual forward flow is processed as forward flow.
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Option Description
Against Arrow The majority of flow through the sensor is opposite to the flow arrow on the sensor. Actual forward flow is processed as reverse flow.
Tip
Micro Motion sensors are bidirectional. Measurement accuracy is not affected by actual flow direction or the setting of Sensor Flow Direction Arrow . Sensor Flow Direction Arrow controls only whether actual flow is processed as forward flow or reverse flow.
4.2 Configure mass flow measurement
The mass flow measurement parameters control how mass flow is measured and reported. The mass total and mass inventory are derived from the mass flow data.
4.2.1 Configure Mass Flow Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Mass Flow Settings → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Mass Flow Rate Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Mass Flow Unit
Mass Flow Measurement Unit specifies the unit of measure that will be used for the mass flow rate. The default unit used for mass total and mass inventory is derived from this unit.
Procedure
Set Mass Flow Measurement Unit to the unit you want to use.
Default: g/sec (grams per second)
Tip
If the measurement unit you want to use is not available, you can define a special measurement unit.
Options for Mass Flow Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Mass Flow Measurement Unit , plus one user-defined special measurement unit. Different communications tools may use different labels for the units.
Unit description
Grams per second
Grams per minute
Grams per hour
Kilograms per second
Kilograms per minute
Kilograms per hour
Display gram/s gram/min gram/h kg/s kg/min kg/h
ProLink III
Label g/sec g/min g/hr kg/sec kg/min kg/hr
Field Communicator g/s g/min g/h kg/s kg/min kg/h
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Unit description
Kilograms per day
Metric tons per minute
Metric tons per hour
Metric tons per day
Pounds per second
Pounds per minute
Pounds per hour
Pounds per day
Display kg/d
MetTon/min
MetTon/h
MetTon/d lb/s lb/min lb/h lb/d
Short tons (2000 pounds) per minute STon/min
Short tons (2000 pounds) per hour STon/h
Short tons (2000 pounds) per day
Long tons (2240 pounds) per hour
Long tons (2240 pounds) per day
Special unit
STon/d
LTon/h
LTon/d
SPECIAL lbs/hr lbs/day sTon/min sTon/hr sTon/day lTon/hr lTon/day
Special
ProLink III
Label kg/day mTon/min mTon/hr mTon/day lbs/sec lbs/min
Field Communicator kg/d
MetTon/min
MetTon/h
MetTon/d lb/s lb/min lb/h lb/d
STon/min
STon/h
STon/d
LTon/h
LTon/d
Special
Define a special measurement unit for mass flow
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Mass Flow Settings → Units →
SPECIAL
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Mass Flow Rate Unit → Special
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Special Units → Mass Special Units
Procedure
1. Specify Base Mass Unit .
Base Mass Unit is the existing mass unit that the special unit will be based on.
2. Specify Base Time Unit .
Base Time Unit is the existing time unit that the special unit will be based on.
3. Calculate Mass Flow Conversion Factor as follows: a) x base units = y special units b) Mass Flow Conversion Factor = x ÷ y
4. Enter Mass Flow Conversion Factor .
The original mass flow rate value is divided by this value.
5. Set Mass Flow Label to the name you want to use for the mass flow unit.
6. Set Mass Total Label to the name you want to use for the mass total and mass inventory unit.
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The special measurement unit is stored in the transmitter. You can configure the transmitter to use the special measurement unit at any time.
Example: Defining a special measurement unit for mass flow
If you want to measure mass flow in ounces per second (oz/sec):
1. Set Base Mass Unit to Pounds (lb).
2. Set Base Time Unit to Seconds (sec).
3. Calculate Mass Flow Conversion Factor : a. 1 lb/sec = 16 oz/sec b.
Mass Flow Conversion Factor = 1 ÷ 16 = 0.0625
4. Set Mass Flow Conversion Factor to 0.0625
.
5. Set Mass Flow Label to oz/sec .
6. Set Mass Total Label to oz .
4.2.2 Configure Flow Damping
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Flow Damping
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Flow Rate Damping
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Flow Damping
Flow Damping controls the amount of damping that will be applied to the measured mass flow rate. It affects flow rate process variables that are based on the measured mass flow rate. This includes volume flow rate and gas standard volume flow rate.
Flow Damping also affects specialized flow rate variables such as temperature-corrected volume flow rate
(API referral) and net mass flow rate (concentration measurement).
Damping is used to smooth out small, rapid fluctuations in process measurement. The damping value specifies the time period, in seconds, over which the transmitter will spread changes in the process variable.
At the end of the interval, the internal value of the process variable (the damped value) will reflect 63% of the change in the actual measured value.
Procedure
Set Flow Damping to the value you want to use.
• Default: 0.64 seconds
• Range: 0 seconds to 60 seconds
Note
If a number greater than 60 is entered, it is automatically changed to 60.
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Tip
• A high damping value makes the process variable appear smoother because the reported value changes slowly.
• A low damping value makes the process variable appear more erratic because the reported value changes more quickly.
• The combination of a high damping value and rapid, large changes in flow rate can result in increased measurement error.
• Whenever the damping value is non-zero, the reported measurement will lag the actual measurement because the reported value is being averaged over time.
• In general, lower damping values are preferable because there is less chance of data loss, and less lag time between the actual measurement and the reported value.
• The transmitter automatically rounds off any entered damping value to the nearest valid value. Therefore, the recommended damping value for gas applications should be 3.2 seconds. If you enter 2.56, the transmitter will round it off to 3.2.
• For filling applications, Micro Motion recommends using the default value of 0.04 seconds.
Effect of flow damping on volume measurement
Flow damping affects volume measurement for liquid volume data. Flow damping also affects volume measurement for gas standard volume data. The transmitter calculates volume data from the damped mass flow data.
Interaction between Flow Damping and mA Output Damping
In some circumstances, both Flow Damping and mA Output Damping are applied to the reported mass flow value.
Flow Damping controls the rate of change in flow process variables. mA Output Damping controls the rate of change reported via the mA Output. If mA Output Process Variable is set to Mass Flow Rate, and both
Flow Damping and mA Output Damping are set to non-zero values, flow damping is applied first, and the added damping calculation is applied to the result of the first calculation.
4.2.3 Configure Mass Flow Cutoff
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Mass Flow Settings → Low Flow
Cutoff
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Mass Flow Cutoff
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Mass Flow Cutoff
Mass Flow Cutoff specifies the lowest mass flow rate that will be reported as measured. All mass flow rates below this cutoff will be reported as 0.
Procedure
Set Mass Flow Cutoff to the value you want to use.
• Default: A sensor-specific value set at the factory. If your transmitter was ordered without a sensor, the default may be 0.0.
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• Recommendation: 0.5% of maximum flow rate of the attached sensor. See the sensor specifications.
Important
Do not use your meter for measurement with Mass Flow Cutoff set to 0.0 g/sec. Ensure that Mass Flow
Cutoff is set to the value that is appropriate for your sensor.
Effect of Mass Flow Cutoff on volume measurement
Mass Flow Cutoff does not affect volume measurement. Volume data is calculated from the actual mass data rather than the reported value.
Volume flow has a separate Volume Flow Cutoff that is not affected by the Mass Flow Cutoff value.
Interaction between Mass Flow Cutoff and mA Output Cutoff
Mass Flow Cutoff defines the lowest mass flow value that the transmitter will report as measured. mA
Output Cutoff defines the lowest flow rate that will be reported via the mA Output. If mA Output Process
Variable is set to Mass Flow Rate, the mass flow rate reported via the mA Output is controlled by the higher of the two cutoff values.
Mass Flow Cutoff affects all reported values and values used in other transmitter behavior (e.g., events defined on mass flow).
mA Output Cutoff affects only mass flow values reported via the mA Output.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mA Output Cutoff lower than Mass Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable : Mass Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Mass Flow Rate
• mA Output Cutoff : 10 g/sec
• Mass Flow Cutoff : 15 g/sec
Result: If the mass flow rate drops below 15 g/sec, mass flow will be reported as 0, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mA Output Cutoff higher than Mass Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable : Mass Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Mass Flow Rate
• mA Output Cutoff : 15 g/sec
• Mass Flow Cutoff : 10 g/sec
Result:
• If the mass flow rate drops below 15 g/sec but not below 10 g/sec:
— The mA Output will report zero flow.
— The Frequency Output will report the actual flow rate, and the actual flow rate will be used in all internal processing.
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• If the mass flow rate drops below 10 g/sec, both outputs will report zero flow, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
4.3 Configure volume flow measurement for liquid applications
The volume flow measurement parameters control how liquid volume flow is measured and reported. The volume total and volume inventory are derived from volume flow data.
Restriction
You cannot implement both liquid volume flow and gas standard volume flow at the same time. Choose one or the other.
Related information
Configure Volume Flow Type for liquid applications
Configure Volume Flow Measurement Unit for liquid applications
4.3.1 Configure Volume Flow Type for liquid applications
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Flow
Type → Liquid
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Type → Liquid Volume
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → GSV → Volume Flow Type → Liquid
Volume
Volume Flow Type controls whether liquid or gas standard volume flow measurement will be used.
Restriction
Gas standard volume measurement is incompatible with concentration measurement and API referral applications. If you are using either of these applications, set Volume Flow Type to Liquid.
Procedure
Set Volume Flow Type to Liquid.
4.3.2 Configure Volume Flow Measurement Unit for liquid applications
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Rate Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Volume Flow Unit
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Volume Flow Measurement Unit specifies the unit of measurement that will be displayed for the volume flow rate. The unit used for the volume total and volume inventory is based on this unit.
Prerequisites
Before you configure Volume Flow Measurement Unit , be sure that Volume Flow Type is set to Liquid.
Procedure
Set Volume Flow Measurement Unit to the unit you want to use.
Default: l/sec (liters per second)
Tip
If the measurement unit you want to use is not available, you can define a special measurement unit.
Options for Volume Flow Measurement Unit for liquid applications
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Volume Flow Measurement Unit , plus one user-defined measurement unit. Different communications tools may use different labels for the units.
Unit description
Cubic feet per second
Cubic feet per minute
Cubic feet per hour
Cubic feet per day
Cubic meters per second
Cubic meters per minute
Cubic meters per hour
Cubic meters per day
U.S. gallons per second
U.S. gallons per minute
U.S. gallons per hour
U.S. gallons per day
Million U.S. gallons per day
Liters per second
Liters per minute
Liters per hour
Million liters per day
Imperial gallons per second
Imperial gallons per minute
Imperial gallons per hour
Imperial gallons per day gal/s gal/m gal/h gal/d
MMgal/d
L/s
L/min
L/h
MML/d
Impgal/s
Impgal/m
Impgal/h
Impgal/d
Display ft3/s ft3/min ft3/h ft3/d m3/s m3/min m3/h m3/d
ProLink III
Label ft3/sec ft3/min ft3/hr ft3/day m3/sec m3/min m3/hr m3/day
US gal/sec
US gal/min
US gal/hr
US gal/day mil US gal/day l/sec l/min l/hr mil l/day
Imp gal/sec
Imp gal/min
Imp gal/hr
Imp gal/day
Field Communicator
Cuft/s
Cuft/min
Cuft/h
Cuft/d
Cum/s
Cum/min
Cum/h
Cum/d gal/s gal/min gal/h gal/d
MMgal/d
L/s
L/in
L/h
ML/d
Impgal/s
Impgal/min
Impgal/h
Impgal/d
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Unit description
Barrels per second
Barrels per minute
Barrels per hour
Beer barrels per second
Beer barrels per minute
Beer barrels per hour
Special unit
(1) Unit based on oil barrels (42 U.S. gallons).
(2) Unit based on U.S. beer barrels (31 U.S. gallons).
Display bbl/s bbl/min bbl/h bbl/d
Beer bbl/s
Beer bbl/min
Beer bbl/h
Beer bbl/d
SPECIAL
ProLink III
Label barrels/sec barrels/min barrels/hr barrels/day
Beer barrels/sec
Beer barrels/min
Beer barrels/hr
Beer barrels/day
Special
Field Communicator bbl/s bbl/min bbl/h bbl/d
Beer bbl/s
Beer bbl/min
Beer bbl/h
Beer bbl/d
Special
Define a special measurement unit for volume flow
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Units →
SPECIAL
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Rate Unit → Special
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Special Units → Volume Special Units
A special measurement unit is a user-defined unit of measure that allows you to report process data, totalizer data, and inventory data in a unit that is not available in the transmitter. A special measurement unit is calculated from an existing measurement unit using a conversion factor.
Procedure
1. Specify Base Volume Unit .
Base Volume Unit is the existing volume unit that the special unit will be based on.
2. Specify Base Time Unit .
Base Time Unit is the existing time unit that the special unit will be based on.
3. Calculate Volume Flow Conversion Factor as follows: a) x base units = y special units b) Volume Flow Conversion Factor = x ÷ y
4. Enter Volume Flow Conversion Factor .
The original volume flow rate value is divided by this conversion factor.
5. Set Volume Flow Label to the name you want to use for the volume flow unit.
6. Set Volume Total Label to the name you want to use for the volume total and volume inventory unit.
The special measurement unit is stored in the transmitter. You can configure the transmitter to use the special measurement unit at any time.
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Example: Defining a special measurement unit for volume flow
You want to measure volume flow in pints per second (pints/sec).
1. Set Base Volume Unit to Gallons (gal).
2. Set Base Time Unit to Seconds (sec).
3. Calculate the conversion factor: a. 1 gal/sec = 8 pints/sec b.
Volume Flow Conversion Factor = 1 ÷ 8 = 0.1250
4. Set Volume Flow Conversion Factor to 0.1250
.
5. Set Volume Flow Label to pints/sec .
6. Set Volume Total Label to pints .
4.3.3 Configure Volume Flow Cutoff
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Low Flow
Cutoff
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Cutoff
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Volume Flow Cutoff
Volume Flow Cutoff specifies the lowest volume flow rate that will be reported as measured. All volume flow rates below this cutoff are reported as 0.
Procedure
Set Volume Flow Cutoff to the value you want to use.
• Default: 0.0 l/sec (liters per second)
• Range: 0 l/sec to x l/sec, where x is the sensor’s flow calibration factor, multiplied by 0.0002.
Interaction between Volume Flow Cutoff and mAO Cutoff
Volume Flow Cutoff defines the lowest liquid volume flow value that the transmitter will report as measured.
mAO Cutoff defines the lowest flow rate that will be reported via the mA Output. If mA Output Process
Variable is set to Volume Flow Rate, the volume flow rate reported via the mA Output is controlled by the higher of the two cutoff values.
Volume Flow Cutoff affects both the volume flow values reported via the outputs and the volume flow values used in other transmitter behavior (e.g., events defined on the volume flow).
mAO Cutoff affects only flow values reported via the mA Output.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mAO Cutoff lower than Volume Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable : Volume Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Volume Flow Rate
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• AO Cutoff : 10 l/sec
• Volume Flow Cutoff : 15 l/sec
Result: If the volume flow rate drops below 15 l/sec, volume flow will be reported as 0, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mAO Cutoff higher than Volume Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable : Volume Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Volume Flow Rate
• AO Cutoff : 15 l/sec
• Volume Flow Cutoff : 10 l/sec
Result:
• If the volume flow rate drops below 15 l/sec but not below 10 l/sec:
— The mA Output will report zero flow.
— The Frequency Output will report the actual flow rate, and the actual flow rate will be used in all internal processing.
• If the volume flow rate drops below 10 l/sec, both outputs will report zero flow, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
4.4 Configure Gas Standard Volume (GSV) flow measurement
The gas standard volume (GSV) flow measurement parameters control how gas standard volume flow is measured and reported.
Restriction
You cannot implement both liquid volume flow and gas standard volume flow at the same time. Choose one or the other.
4.4.1 Configure Volume Flow Type for gas applications
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Flow
Type → Gas
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Type → Gas Standard
Volume
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → GSV → Volume Flow Type →
Standard Gas Volume
Volume Flow Type controls whether liquid or gas standard volume flow measurement will be used.
Restriction
Gas standard volume measurement is incompatible with the following applications:
• API referral
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• Concentration measurement
For these applications, set Volume Flow Type to Liquid.
Procedure
Set Volume Flow Type to Gas.
4.4.2 Configure Standard Gas Density
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Standard
Gas Density
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Standard Density of Gas
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → GSV → Gas Ref Density
Standard Gas Density is the density of your gas at reference temperature and reference pressure. This is often called standard density or base density . It is used to calculate the GSV flow rate from the mass flow rate.
Procedure
Set Standard Gas Density to the density of your gas at reference temperature and reference pressure.
You can use any reference temperature and reference pressure that you choose. It is not necessary to configure these values in the transmitter.
Tip
ProLink III provides a guided method that you can use to calculate the standard density of your gas, if you do not know it.
4.4.3 Configure Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Gas Standard Volume Flow Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → GSV Flow Unit
Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement Unit specifies the unit of measure that will be used for the gas standard volume (GSV) flow rate. The unit used for gas standard volume total and gas standard volume inventory is derived from this unit.
Prerequisites
Before you configure Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement Unit , be sure that Volume Flow Type is set to Gas Standard Volume.
Procedure
Set Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement Unit to the unit you want to use.
Default: SCFM (Standard Cubic Feet per Minute)
Tip
If the measurement unit you want to use is not available, you can define a special measurement unit.
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Options for Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Gas Standard Volume Flow Measurement
Unit , plus one user-defined special measurement unit. Different communications tools may use different labels for the units.
Unit description
Normal cubic meters per second
Normal cubic meters per minute
Normal cubic meters per hour
Normal cubic meters per day
Normal liter per second
Normal liter per minute
Normal liter per hour
Normal liter per day
Standard cubic feet per second
Standard cubic feet per minute
Standard cubic feet per hour
Standard cubic feet per day
Standard cubic meters per second
Standard cubic meters per minute
Standard cubic meters per hour
Standard cubic meters per day
Standard liter per second
Standard liter per minute
Standard liter per hour
Standard liter per day
Special measurement unit
NLPD
SCFS
SCFM
SCFH
SCFD
SCMS
SCMM
SCMH
Display
NCMS
NCMM
NCMH
NCMD
NLPS
NLPM
NLPH
SCMD
SLPS
SLPM
SLPH
SLPD
SPECIAL
NLPH
NLPD
SCFS
SCFM
SCFH
SCFD
Sm3/sec
Sm3/min
Sm3/hr
ProLink III
Label
Nm3/sec
Nm3/min
Nm3/hr
Nm3/day
NLPS
NLPM
Sm3/day
SLPS
SLPM
SLPH
SLPD
Special
NLPD
SCFS
SCFM
SCFH
SCFD
Sm3/sec
Sm3/min
Sm3/hr
Field Communicator
Nm3/sec
Nm3/min
Nm3/hr
Nm3/day
NLPS
NLPM
NLPH
Sm3/day
SLPS
SLPM
SLPH
SLPD
Special
Define a special measurement unit for gas standard volume flow
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Units →
SPECIAL
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Gas Standard Volume Flow Unit →
Special
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Special Units → Special Gas Standard
Volume Units
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A special measurement unit is a user-defined unit of measure that allows you to report process data, totalizer data, and inventory data in a unit that is not available in the transmitter. A special measurement unit is calculated from an existing measurement unit using a conversion factor.
Procedure
1. Specify Base Gas Standard Volume Unit .
Base Gas Standard Volume Unit is the existing gas standard volume unit that the special unit will be based on.
2. Specify Base Time Unit .
Base Time Unit is the existing time unit that the special unit will be based on.
3. Calculate Gas Standard Volume Flow Conversion Factor as follows: a) x base units = y special units b) Gas Standard Volume Flow Conversion Factor = x ÷ y
4. Enter the Gas Standard Volume Flow Conversion Factor .
The original gas standard volume flow value is divided by this conversion factor.
5. Set Gas Standard Volume Flow Label to the name you want to use for the gas standard volume flow unit.
6. Set Gas Standard Volume Total Label to the name you want to use for the gas standard volume total and gas standard volume inventory unit.
The special measurement unit is stored in the transmitter. You can configure the transmitter to use the special measurement unit at any time.
Example: Defining a special measurement unit for gas standard volume flow
You want to measure gas standard volume flow in thousands of standard cubic feet per minute.
1. Set Base Gas Standard Volume Unit to SCFM.
2. Set Base Time Unit to minutes (min).
3. Calculate the conversion factor: a. One thousands of standard cubic feet per minute = 1000 cubic feet per minute b.
Gas Standard Volume Flow Conversion Factor = 1 ÷ 1000 = 0.001
4. Set Gas Standard Volume Flow Conversion Factor to 0.001
.
5. Set Gas Standard Volume Flow Label to KSCFM .
6. Set Gas Standard Volume Total Label to KSCF .
4.4.4 Configure Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Low Flow
Cutoff
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → GSV → GSV Cutoff
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Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff specifies the lowest gas standard volume flow rate that will reported as measured. All gas standard volume flow rates below this cutoff will be reported as 0.
Procedure
Set Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff to the value you want to use.
• Default: 0.0
• Range: 0.0 to any positive value
Interaction between Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff and mA Output
Cutoff
Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff defines the lowest Gas Standard Volume flow value that the transmitter will report as measured. mA Output Cutoff defines the lowest flow rate that will be reported via the mA
Output. If mA Output Process Variable is set to Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate, the volume flow rate reported via the mA Output is controlled by the higher of the two cutoff values.
Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff affects both the gas standard volume flow values reported through outputs and the gas standard volume flow values used in other transmitter behavior (for example, events defined on gas standard volume flow).
mA Output Cutoff affects only flow values reported via the mA Output.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mA Output Cutoff lower than Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable for the primary mA Output: Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate
• mA Output Cutoff for the primary mA Output: 10 SLPM (standard liters per minute)
• Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff : 15 SLPM
Result: If the gas standard volume flow rate drops below 15 SLPM, the volume flow will be reported as 0, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
Example: Cutoff interaction with mA Output Cutoff higher than Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff
Configuration:
• mA Output Process Variable for the primary mA Output: Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate
• Frequency Output Process Variable : Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate
• mA Output Cutoff for the primary mA Output: 15 SLPM (standard liters per minute)
• Gas Standard Volume Flow Cutoff : 10 SLPM
Result:
• If the gas standard volume flow rate drops below 15 SLPM but not below 10 SLPM:
— The primary mA Output will report zero flow.
— The Frequency Output will report the actual flow rate, and the actual flow rate will be used in all internal processing.
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• If the gas standard volume flow rate drops below 10 SLPM, both outputs will report zero flow, and 0 will be used in all internal processing.
4.5 Configure density measurement
The density measurement parameters control how density is measured and reported. Density measurement is used with mass flow rate measurement to determine liquid volume flow rate.
4.5.1 Configure Density Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Density Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Density Unit
Density Measurement Unit controls the measurement units that will be used in density calculations and reporting.
Restriction
If the API referral application is enabled, you cannot change the density measurement unit here. The density measurement unit is controlled by the API table selection.
Procedure
Set Density Measurement Unit to the option you want to use.
Default: g/cm 3 (grams per cubic centimeter)
Options for Density Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Density Measurement Unit . Different communications tools may use different labels.
Unit description
Grams per cubic centimeter
Grams per liter
Grams per milliliter
Kilograms per liter
Kilograms per cubic meter
Pounds per U.S. gallon
Pounds per cubic foot
Pounds per cubic inch
Display
SGU g/cm3 g/L g/mL kg/L kg/m3 lb/gal lb/ft3 lb/in3
ProLink III
Label
SGU g/cm3 g/l g/ml kg/l kg/m3 lbs/USgal lbs/ft3 lbs/in3
Field Communicator
SGU g/Cucm g/L g/mL kg/L kg/Cum lb/gal lb/Cuft lb/CuIn
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ProLink III
API sT/yd3
Label
Unit description
Degrees API
Short ton per cubic yard
Display
API
STon/yd3
Field Communicator degAPI
STon/Cuyd
(1) Non-standard calculation. This value represents line density divided by the density of water at 60 °F (15.6 °C).
(2) Non standard calculation, unless the API referral application is enabled. Calculated from line density instead of specific gravity.
4.5.2 Configure Density Damping
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Damping
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Density Damping
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Density Damping
Density Damping controls the amount of damping that will be applied to density data.
Damping is used to smooth out small, rapid fluctuations in process measurement. The damping value specifies the time period, in seconds, over which the transmitter will spread changes in the process variable.
At the end of the interval, the internal value of the process variable (the damped value) will reflect 63% of the change in the actual measured value.
Procedure
Set Density Damping to the desired value.
• Default: 1.28 seconds
• Range: 0.0 to 60 seconds
Tip
• A high damping value makes the process variable appear smoother because the reported value changes slowly.
• A low damping value makes the process variable appear more erratic because the reported value changes more quickly.
• The combination of a high damping value and rapid, large changes in density can result in increased measurement error.
• Whenever the damping value is non-zero, the damped value will lag the actual measurement because the damped value is being averaged over time.
• In general, lower damping values are preferable because there is less chance of data loss, and less lag time between the actual measurement and the damped value.
• If a number greater than 60 is entered, it is automatically changed to 60.
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Effect of Density Damping on volume measurement
Density Damping affects liquid volume measurement. Liquid volume values are calculated from the damped density value rather than the measured density value. Density Damping does not affect gas standard volume measurement.
Interaction between Density Damping and mA Output Damping
When the mA Output is configured to report density, both Density Damping and mA Output Damping are applied to the reported density value.
Density Damping controls the rate of change in the value of the process variable in transmitter memory. mA
Output Damping controls the rate of change reported via the mA Output.
If mA Output Source is set to Density, and both Density Damping and mA Output Damping are set to nonzero values, density damping is applied first, and the mA Output damping calculation is applied to the result of the first calculation. This value is reported over the mA Output.
4.5.3 Configure Density Cutoff
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Cutoff
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Density Cutoff
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Density Cutoff
Density Cutoff specifies the lowest density value that will be reported as measured. All density values below this cutoff will be reported as 0.
Procedure
Set Density Cutoff to the value you want to use.
• Default: 0.2 g/cm 3
• Range: 0.0 g/cm 3 to 0.5 g/cm 3
Effect of Density Cutoff on volume measurement
Density Cutoff affects liquid volume measurement. If the density value goes below Density Cutoff , the volume flow rate is reported as 0. Density Cutoff does not affect gas standard volume measurement. Gas standard volume values are always calculated from the value configured for Standard Gas Density or polled value if configured for polled base density.
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4.6 Configure temperature measurement
The temperature measurement parameters control how temperature data is processed. Temperature data is used in several different ways, including temperature compensation, API referral, and concentration measurement.
4.6.1 Configure Temperature Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Temperature → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Temperature → Temperature Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Temperature → Unit
Temperature Measurement Unit specifies the unit that will be used for temperature measurement.
Procedure
Set Temperature Measurement Unit to the option you want to use.
Default: °C (Celsius)
Options for Temperature Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of units for Temperature Measurement Unit . Different communications tools may use different labels for the units.
Unit description
Degrees Celsius
Degrees Fahrenheit
Degrees Rankine
Kelvin
°F
°R
Display
°C
°K
°R
°K
°C
°F
ProLink III
Label
Field Communicator degC degF degR
Kelvin
4.6.2 Configure Temperature Damping
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Temperature → Damping
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Temperature → Temperature Damping
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Temperature → Damping
Temperature Damping controls the amount of damping that will be applied to temperature data from the sensor. Temperature Damping is not applied to external temperature data.
Damping is used to smooth out small, rapid fluctuations in process measurement. The damping value specifies the time period, in seconds, over which the transmitter will spread changes in the process variable.
At the end of the interval, the internal value of the process variable (the damped value) will reflect 63% of the change in the actual measured value.
Procedure
Set Temperature Damping to the desired value.
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• Default: 4.8 seconds
• Range: 0.0 to 80 seconds
Note
If a number greater than 80 is entered, it is automatically changed to 80.
Tip
• A high damping value makes the process variable appear smoother because the reported value changes slowly.
• A low damping value makes the process variable appear more erratic because the reported value changes more quickly.
• The combination of a high damping value and rapid, large changes in temperature can result in increased measurement error.
• Whenever the damping value is non-zero, the damped value will lag the actual measurement because the damped value is being averaged over time.
• In general, lower damping values are preferable because there is less chance of data loss, and less lag time between the actual measurement and the damped value.
Effect of Temperature Damping on process measurement
Temperature Damping affects all processes and algorithms that use temperature data from the internal sensor RTD.
Temperature compensation
Temperature compensation adjusts process measurement to compensate for the effect of temperature on the sensor tubes.
API referral
Temperature Damping affects API referral process variables only if the transmitter is configured to use temperature data from the sensor. If an external temperature value is used for API referral, Temperature
Damping does not affect API referral process variables.
Concentration measurement
Temperature Damping affects concentration measurement process variables only if the transmitter is configured to use temperature data from the sensor. If an external temperature value is used for concentration measurement, Temperature Damping does not affect concentration measurement process variables.
4.7 Configure Pressure Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Pressure → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Pressure Compensation → Pressure Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
Pressure → Unit
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Pressure Measurement Unit controls the measurement unit used for pressure. This unit must match the unit used by the external pressure device.
Pressure data is used for pressure compensation and for API referral. The device does not measure pressure directly. You must set up a pressure input.
Procedure
Set Pressure Measurement Unit to the desired unit.
Default: psi
4.7.1 Options for Pressure Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Pressure Measurement Unit . Different communications tools may use different labels for the units. In most applications, set Pressure Measurement
Unit to match the pressure measurement unit used by the remote device.
Unit description
Feet water @ 68 °F
Inches water @ 4 °C
Inches water @ 60 °F
Inches water @ 68 °F
Millimeters water @ 4 °C
Millimeters water @ 68 °F
Millimeters mercury @ 0 °C
Inches mercury @ 0 °C
Pounds per square inch
Bar
Millibar
Grams per square centimeter
Kilograms per square centimeter
Pascals
Kilopascals
Megapascals
Torr @ 0 °C
Atmospheres
Display ftH2O @68°F inH2O @4°C inH2O @60°F inH2O @68°F mmH2O @4°C mmH2O @68°F mmHg @0°C inHg @0°C psi bar mbar g/cm2 kg/cm2
Pa kPA mPA torr atm
ProLink III
Label
Ft Water @ 68°F
In Water @ 4°C
In Water @ 60°F
In Water @ 68°F mm Water @ 4°C mm Water @ 68°F mm Mercury @ 0°C
In Mercury @ 0°C
PSI bar millibar g/cm2 kg/cm2 pascals
Kilopascals
Megapascals
Torr @ 0°C atms inHg psi bar mbar g/Sqcm kg/Sqcm
Pa kPa
MPa torr atm
Field Communicator ftH2O inH2O @4DegC inH2O @60DegF inH2O mmH2O @4DegC mmH2O mmHg
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4.8 Configure Velocity Measurement Unit
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Velocity → Units
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Velocity → Unit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Approximate Velocity → Velocity Unit
Velocity Measurement Unit controls the measurement unit used to report velocity.
Procedure
Set Velocity Measurement Unit to the desired unit.
Default: m/sec
4.8.1 Options for Velocity Measurement Unit
The transmitter provides a standard set of measurement units for Velocity Measurement Unit . Different communications tools may use different labels.
Unit description
Feet per minute
Feet per second
Inches per minute
Inches per second
Meters per hour
Meters per second
Display ft/min ft/s in/min in/s m/h m/s
ProLink III
Label ft/min ft/sec in/min in/sec m/hr m/sec
Field Communicator ft/min ft/s in/min in/s m/h m/s
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5 Configure process measurement applications
5.1 Set up the API referral application
The API referral application corrects line density to reference temperature and reference pressure according to American Petroleum Institute (API) standards. The resulting process variable is referred density .
Restriction
The API referral application is not compatible with the following applications:
• Gas Standard Volume Measurement (GSV)
• Concentration measurement
5.1.1 Set up the API referral application using the display
This section guides you through the tasks required to set up and implement the API referral application.
Enable the API referral application using the display
The API referral application must be enabled before you can perform any setup. If the API referral application was enabled at the factory, you do not need to enable it now.
Prerequisites
The API referral application must be licensed on your transmitter.
Procedure
1. Choose Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement .
2. Choose Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings and ensure that Flow Type is set to Liquid.
3. Return to the Process Measurement menu.
4. If the concentration measurement application is displayed in the list, choose Concentration
Measurement and ensure that Enabled/Disabled is set to Disabled.
The concentration measurement application and the API referral application cannot be enabled simultaneously.
5. Enable API referral.
a) Choose Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → API Referral .
b) Set Enabled/Disabled to Enabled.
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Configure API referral using the display
The API referral parameters specify the API table, measurement units, and reference values to be used in referred density calculations.
Prerequisites
You will need API documentation for the API table that you select.
Depending on your API table, you may need to know the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
You must know the reference temperature and reference pressure that you want to use.
Procedure
1. Choose Menu → Configure → Process Measurement → API Referral .
2. Set API Table to the API table that you want to use to calculate referred density.
Each API table is associated with a specific set of equations. Choose your API table based on your process fluid and the measurement unit that you want to use for referred density.
Your choice also determines the API table that will be used to calculate the correction factor for volume
(CTPL or CTL).
3. Refer to the API documentation and confirm your table selection.
a) Verify that your process fluid falls within range for line density, line temperature, and line pressure.
b) Verify that the referred density range of the selected table is adequate for your application.
4. If you chose a C table, enter Thermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
Acceptable limits:
• 230.0 x 10 -6 to 930.0 x 10 -6 per °F
• 414.0 x 10 -6 to 1674.0 x 10 -6 per °C
5. If required, set Reference Temperature to the temperature to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations.
The default reference temperature is determined by the selected API table.
6. If required, set Reference Pressure to the pressure to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations.
The default reference pressure is determined by the selected API table.
Set up temperature and pressure data for API referral using the display
The API referral application uses temperature and, optionally, pressure data in its calculations. You must decide how to provide this data, then perform the required configuration and setup.
Tip
Fixed values for temperature or pressure are not recommended. Using a fixed temperature or pressure value may produce inaccurate process data.
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Prerequisites
The pressure measurement must be gauge pressure, not atmospheric pressure.
The pressure device must use the pressure unit that is configured in the transmitter.
If you are using an external temperature device, it must use the temperature unit that is configured in the transmitter.
Procedure
1. Choose the method to be used to supply temperature data, and perform the required setup.
Method
Internal temperature
Polling
Description
Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor
(RTD) will be used for all measurements and calculations. No external temperature data will be available.
The meter polls an external device for temperature data.
This data will be available in addition to the internal temperature data.
Setup a. Choose Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement
→ Temperature .
b. Set External Temperature to Off.
a. Choose
→ b. Set c. Choose
Menu →
Temperature .
Configuration
External Temperature
Poll External Device .
→
to On.
Process Measurement d. Select Polled Variable 1 or Polled Variable 2 .
e. Set Variable to External Temperature.
f. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
g. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the external temperature device.
2. (A, B, C, and D tables only) Choose the method to be used to supply pressure data, and perform the required setup.
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Method
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup a. Choose Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement
→ Pressure → External Pressure .
b. Set External Pressure to On.
c. Choose Poll External Device .
d. Select Polled Variable 1 or Polled Variable 2 .
e. Set Variable to External Pressure.
f. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
g. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the external pressure device.
Postrequisites
Choose Menu → Service Tools → Service Data → View Process Variables and verify the values for External
Temperature and External Pressure.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
5.1.2 Set up the API referral application using ProLink III
This section guides you through the tasks required to set up and implement the API referral application.
Enable the API referral application using ProLink III
The API referral application must be enabled before you can perform any setup. If the API referral application was enabled at the factory, you do not need to enable it now.
Prerequisites
The API referral application must be licensed on your transmitter.
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Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow and ensure that Volume
Flow Type is set to Liquid Volume.
2. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Options .
3. If the concentration measurement application is enabled, disable it and select Apply .
The concentration measurement application and the API referral application cannot be enabled simultaneously.
4. Enable API Referral and select Apply .
Configure API referral using ProLink III
The API referral parameters specify the API table, measurement units, and reference values to be used in referred density calculations.
Prerequisites
You will need API documentation for the API table that you select.
Depending on your API table, you may need to know the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
You must know the reference temperature and reference pressure that you want to use.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → API Referral .
2. Specify the API table to use to calculate referred density.
Each API table is associated with a specific set of equations.
a) Set Process Fluid to the API table group that your process fluid belongs to.
API table group
A tables
B tables
C tables
D tables
E tables
Process fluids
Generalized crude and JP4
Generalized products: Gasoline, jet fuel, aviation fuel, kerosene, heating oils, fuel oils, diesel, gas oil
Liquids with a constant base density or known thermal expansion coefficient
(TEC). You will be required to enter the TEC for your process fluid.
Lubricating oils
NGL (Natural Gas Liquids) and LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) b) Set Referred Density Measurement Unit to the measurement units that you want to use for referred density.
c) Click Apply .
These parameters uniquely identify the API table to be used to calculate referred density. The selected
API table is displayed, and the meter automatically changes the density unit, temperature unit, pressure unit, and reference pressure to match the API table.
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Your choice also determines the API table that will be used to calculate the correction factor for volume
(CTPL or CTL).
Restriction
Not all combinations are supported by the API referral application. See the list of API tables in this manual.
3. Refer to the API documentation and confirm your table selection.
a) Verify that your process fluid falls within range for line density, line temperature, and line pressure.
b) Verify that the referred density range of the selected table is adequate for your application.
4. If you chose a C table, enter Thermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
Acceptable limits:
• 230.0 x 10 -6 to 930.0 x 10 -6 per °F
• 414.0 x 10 -6 to 1674.0 x 10 -6 per °C
5. Set Reference Temperature to the temperature to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations. If you choose Other, select the temperature measurement unit and enter the reference temperature.
6. Set Reference Pressure to the pressure to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations.
Set up temperature and pressure data for API referral using ProLink III
The API referral application uses temperature and, optionally, pressure data in its calculations. You must decide how to provide this data, then perform the required configuration and setup.
Tip
Fixed values for temperature or pressure are not recommended. Using a fixed temperature or pressure value may produce inaccurate process data.
Prerequisites
If you plan to poll an external device, the primary mA Output (Channel A) must be wired to support HART communications.
The pressure measurement must be gauge pressure, not atmospheric pressure.
The pressure device must use the pressure unit that is configured in the transmitter.
If you are using an external temperature device, it must use the temperature unit that is configured in the transmitter.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → API Referral .
2. Choose the method to be used to supply temperature data, and perform the required setup.
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Option
Internal RTD temperature data
Polling
Description
Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor
(RTD) is used.
Setup a. Set Line Temperature Source b. Click Apply .
to Internal RTD.
The meter polls an external device for temperature data.
This data will be available in addition to the internal RTD temperature data.
a. Set b. Set c. Set
Line Temperature Source
Polling Slot to an available slot.
Polling Control
to Poll for External Value.
to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
d. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the temperature device.
e. Select Apply .
3. (A, B, C, and D tables only) Choose the method you will use to supply pressure data, and perform the required setup.
Option
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup a. Set Pressure Source to Poll for External Value.
b. Set Polling Slot to an available slot.
c. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
d. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the temperature device.
Postrequisites
If you are using external temperature data, verify the external temperature value displayed in the Inputs group on the ProLink III main window.
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The current pressure value is displayed in the External Pressure field. Verify that the value is correct.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
5.1.3 Set up the API referral application using the Field
Communicator
This section guides you through the tasks required to set up and implement the API referral application.
Enable the API referral application using the Field Communicator
The API referral application must be enabled before you can perform any setup. If the API referral application was enabled at the factory, you do not need to enable it now.
Prerequisites
The API referral application must be licensed on your transmitter.
Volume Flow Type must be set to Liquid.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → GSV and ensure that
Volume Flow Type is set to Liquid.
This parameter is available only if API referral or concentration measurement is not enabled. If you do not see this parameter, it is already set correctly.
2. If the concentration measurement application is enabled, disable it.
The concentration measurement application and the API referral application cannot be enabled simultaneously.
Configure API referral using the Field Communicator
The API referral parameters specify the API table, measurement units, and reference values to be used in referred density calculations.
Prerequisites
You will need API documentation for the API table that you select.
Depending on your API table, you may need to know the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
You must know the reference temperature and reference pressure that you want to use.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → API Referral .
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2. Choose API Referral Setup .
3. Specify the API table that you want to use to calculate referred density.
Each API table is associated with a specific set of equations.
a) Set API Table Number to the number that matches the API table units that you want to use for referred density.
Your choice also determines the measurement unit to be used for temperature and pressure, and the default values for reference temperature and reference pressure.
5
23
24
53
54
59
60
API table number
Measurement unit for referred density
°API
°API
SGU
SGU kg/m ³ kg/m ³ kg/m ³ kg/m ³
(1) Used only with API Table Letter = C.
(2) Used only with API Table Letter = E.
°C
°C
°C
°F
°F
°C
°F
°F
Temperature measurement unit
Pressure measurement unit psi (g) psi (g) psi (g) psi (g) kPa (g) kPa (g) kPa (g) kPa (g)
Default reference temperature
Default reference pressure
60 °F
60 °F
60 °F
60 °F
15 °C
15 °C
20 °C
20 °C
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 kPa (g) b) Set API Table Letter to the letter of the API table group that is appropriate for your process fluid.
API table letter
A
B
D
E
Process fluids
Generalized crude and JP4
Generalized products: Gasoline, jet fuel, aviation fuel, kerosene, heating oils, fuel oils, diesel, gas oil
Liquids with a constant base density or known thermal expansion coefficient
(TEC). You will be required to enter the TEC for your process fluid.
Lubricating oils
NGL (Natural Gas Liquids) and LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas)
(1) Used only with API Table Number = 6, 24, or 54 .
(2) Used only with API Table Number = 23, 24, 53, 54, 59, or 60.
API Table Number and API Table Letter uniquely identify the API table. The selected API table is displayed, and the meter automatically changes the density unit, temperature unit, pressure unit, reference temperature, and reference pressure to match the API table.
Your choice also determines the API table that will be used to calculate the correction factor for volume
(CTPL or CTL).
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Restriction
Not all combinations are supported by the API referral application. See the list of API tables in this manual.
4. If you chose a C table, enter Thermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC) for your process fluid.
Acceptable limits:
• 230.0 x 10 -6 to 930.0 x 10 -6 per °F
• 414.0 x 10 -6 to 1674.0 x 10 -6 per °C
5. Refer to the API documentation and confirm your table selection.
a) Verify that your process fluid falls within range for line density, line temperature, and line pressure.
b) Verify that the referred density range of the selected table is adequate for your application.
6. If required, set Reference Temperature to the temperature to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations.
The default reference temperature is determined by the selected API table.
7. If required, set Reference Pressure to the pressure to which density will be corrected in referred density calculations.
The default reference pressure is determined by the selected API table. API referral requires gauge pressure.
Set up temperature and pressure data for API referral using the Field
Communicator
The API referral application uses temperature and, optionally, pressure data in its calculations. You must decide how to provide this data, then perform the required configuration and setup.
Tip
Fixed values for temperature or pressure are not recommended. Using a fixed temperature or pressure value may produce inaccurate process data.
Procedure
1. Choose the method to be used to supply temperature data, and perform the required setup.
Method
Internal RTD temperature data
Description
Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor
(RTD) is used.
Setup a. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
Temperature .
b. Set External Temperature to Disable.
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Method
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for temperature data.
This data will be available in addition to the internal RTD temperature data.
Setup a. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
Temperature .
b. Set External Temperature to Enable.
c. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
External Polling .
d. Set Poll Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
e. Choose an unused polling slot.
f. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the external temperature device.
g. Set Polled Variable to Temperature.
2. (A, B, C, and D tables only) Choose the method to be used to supply pressure data, and perform the required setup.
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Method
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup a. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
Pressure .
b. Set Pressure Compensation to Enable.
c. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
External Polling .
d. Choose an unused polling slot.
e. Set Poll Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
f. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the external pressure device.
g. Set Polled Variable to Pressure.
Postrequisites
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
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5.1.4 API tables supported by the API referral application
The API tables listed here are supported by the API referral application.
Table 5-1: API tables, process fluids, measurement units, and default reference values
Process fluid
Generalized crude and JP4
Generalized products (gasoline, jet fuel, aviation fuel, kerosene, heating oils, fuel oils, diesel, gas oil)
Liquids with a constant density base or known thermal expansion
API tables
(calculations)
Referred density
CTL or
CTPL
Referred density
(API): unit and range
5A 6A Unit: °API
Range: 0 to 100 °API
23A 24A
53A
5B
54A
6B
Unit: SGU
Range: 0.6110 to
1.0760 SGU
Unit: kg/m 3
Range: 610 to
1075 kg/m ³
Unit: °API
Range: 0 to 85 °API
23B
53B
N/A
N/A
N/A
24B
54B
6C
24C
54C
Unit: SGU
Range: 0.6535 to
1.0760 SGU
Unit: kg/m 3
Range: 653 to
1075 kg/m ³
Unit: °API
Unit: SGU
Unit: kg/m ³
Lubricating oils
NGL (natural gas liquids) and LPG
(liquid petroleum gas)
5D
23D
53D
23E
53E
6D
24D
54D
24E
54E
Unit: °API
Range: − 10 to
+40 °API
Unit: SGU
Range: 0.8520 to
1.1640 SGU
Unit: kg/m ³
Range: 825 to
1164 kg/m ³
Unit: SGU
Unit: kg/m ³
Default reference temp
60 °F
60 °F
15 °C
60 °F
60 °F
15 °C
60 °F
60 °F
15 °C
60 °F
60 °F
15 °C
60 °F
15 °C
Default reference pressure
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
0 kPa (g)
0 psi (g)
0 psi (g)
API standard
API MPMS 11.1
API MPMS 11.1
API MPMS 11.1
API MPMS 11.1
API MPMS 11.2.4
(1) Each API table represents a specialized equation defined by the American Petroleum Institute for a specific combination of process fluid, line conditions, and output.
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(2) Referred density is calculated from line density. You must specify this table, either directly or by selecting the process fluid and base density measurement unit.
(3) You do not need to specify this table. It is invoked automatically as a result of the previous table selection.
(4) CTL or CTPL is calculated from the result of the referred density calculation. A, B, C, and D tables calculate CTPL, which is a correction factor based on both line pressure and line temperature. E tables calculate CTL, which is a correction factor based on line temperature and pressure at saturation conditions (bubble point or saturation vapor pressure).
(5) The Thermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC) replaces the referred density calculation. Use the CTL/CTPL table instead.
5.1.5 Process variables from the API referral application
The API referral application calculates several different process variables according to API standards.
CTPL
CTL
Referred density
API volume flow
Batch-weighted average density
Batch-weighted average temperature
API volume total
API volume inventory
Correction factor based on line temperature and line pressure. CTPL is applied when the API referral application is configured for an A, B, C, or D table.
Correction factor based on line temperature and pressure at saturation conditions.
CTL is applied when the API referral application is configured for an E table.
The measured density after CTL or CTPL has been applied.
The measured volume flow rate after CTL or CTPL has been applied. Also called temperature-corrected volume flow .
One density value is recorded for each unit of flow (e.g., barrel, liter). The average is calculated from these values. The average is reset when the API totalizer is reset. Not available unless a totalizer has been configured with Source set to Temperature-
Corrected Volume Flow.
One temperature value is recorded for each unit of flow (e.g., barrel, liter). The average is calculated from these values. The average is reset when the API totalizer is reset. Not available unless a totalizer has been configured with Source set to
Temperature-Corrected Volume Flow.
The total API volume measured by the transmitter since the last API totalizer reset.
Also called temperature-corrected volume total . Not available unless a totalizer has been configured with Source set to Temperature-Corrected Volume Flow.
The total API volume measured by the transmitter since the last API inventory reset.
Also called temperature-corrected volume inventory . Not available unless an inventory has been configured with Source set to Temperature-Corrected Volume Flow.
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5.2 Set up concentration measurement
The concentration measurement application calculates concentration from line density and line temperature.
5.2.1 Preparing to set up concentration measurement
The procedure for setting up concentration measurement application depends on how your device was ordered and how you want to use the application. Review this information before you begin.
Requirements for concentration measurement
To use the concentration measurement application, the following conditions must be met:
• The concentration measurement application must be enabled.
• The API Referral application must be disabled.
• A concentration matrix must be loaded into one of the six slots on the transmitter.
Tip
In most cases, the concentration matrix that you ordered was loaded at the factory. If it was not, you have several options for loading a matrix. You can also build a matrix.
• Temperature Source must be configured and set up.
• One matrix must be selected as the active matrix (the matrix used for measurement).
Requirements for matrices
A matrix is the set of coefficients used to convert process data to concentration, plus related parameters. The matrix can be saved as a file.
The transmitter requires all matrices to be in .matrix format. You can use ProLink III to load matrices in other formats:
• .edf (used by ProLink II )
• .xml (used by ProLink III )
The transmitter can store matrices in one of the six slots in memory.
Any matrix in a slot is available for use. In other words, it can be selected as the active matrix and used for measurement.
All matrices in slots must use the same derived variable.
A matrix file can be loaded from the computer to the slot using ProLink III.
Requirements for derived variables
A derived variable is the process variable that a concentration matrix measures. All other process variables are calculated from the derived variable. There are eight possible derived variables. Each matrix is designed for one specific derived variable.
The transmitter can store up to six matrices in six slots. All matrices in the six slots must use the same derived variable. If you change the setting of Derived Variable , all matrices are deleted from the six slots.
Tip
Always ensure that Derived Variable is set correctly before loading matrices into slots.
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Derived variables and net flow rate
If you want the transmitter to calculate Net Mass Flow Rate, the derived variable must be set to Mass
Concentration (Density). If your matrix is not designed for Mass Concentration (Density), contact
Micro Motion for assistance.
If you want the transmitter to calculate Net Volume Flow Rate, the derived variable must be set to Volume
Concentration (Density). If your matrix is not designed for Volume Concentration (Density), contact
Micro Motion for assistance.
Derived variables based on specific gravity
The following derived variables are based on specific gravity:
• Specific Gravity
• Concentration (Specific Gravity)
• Mass Concentration (Specific Gravity)
• Volume Concentration (Specific Gravity)
If you are using one of these derived variables, two additional parameters can be configured:
• Reference Temperature of Water (default setting: 4 °C)
• Water Density at Reference Temperature (default setting: 999.99988 kg/m ³ )
These two parameters are used to calculate specific gravity.
You cannot set these parameters from the display. If the default values are not appropriate, you must use another method to set them.
Optional tasks in setting up concentration measurement
The following tasks are optional:
• Modifying names and labels
• Configuring extrapolation alerts
5.2.2 Set up concentration measurement using ProLink III
This section guides you through the tasks required to set up, configure, and implement concentration measurement.
Enable concentration measurement using ProLink III
The concentration measurement application must be enabled before you can perform any setup. If the concentration measurement application was enabled at the factory, you do not need to enable it now.
Prerequisites
The concentration measurement application must be licensed on your transmitter.
Disable the following applications before enabling concentration measurement as concentration measurement cannot be enabled at the same time:
• API referral
• Net oil
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Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow and ensure that Volume
Flow Type is set to Liquid Volume.
2. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Options .
3. Set Concentration Measurement to Enabled and select Apply .
Load a concentration matrix using ProLink III
At least one concentration matrix must be loaded onto your transmitter. You can load up to six.
Prerequisites
The concentration measurement application must be enabled on your device.
For each concentration matrix that you want to load, you need a file containing the matrix data. The ProLink III installation includes a set of standard concentration matrices. Other matrices are available from Micro
Motion. The file can be on your computer or in the transmitter's internal memory.
The file must be in one of the formats that ProLink III supports. This includes:
• .xml (ProLink III)
• .matrix (4200)
If you are loading an .xml file, you must know the following information for your matrix:
• The derived variable that the matrix is designed to calculate
• The density unit that the matrix was built with
• The temperature unit that the matrix was built with
If you are loading a .matrix file, you must know the derived variable that the matrix is designed to calculate.
Important
• All concentration matrices on your transmitter must use the same derived variable.
Tip
In many cases, concentration matrices were ordered with the device and loaded at the factory. You may not need to load any matrices.
Procedure
1. If you are loading an .xml file, choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Line
Density and set Density Unit to the density unit used by your matrix.
Important
When you load a matrix in one of these formats, if the density unit is not correct, concentration data will be incorrect. The density units must match at the time of loading. You can change the density unit after the matrix is loaded.
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2. If you are loading an .xml file, choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Line
Temperature and set Temperature Unit to the temperature unit used by your matrix.
Important
When you load a matrix in one of these formats, if the temperature unit is not correct, concentration data will be incorrect. The temperature units must match at the time of loading. You can change the temperature unit after the matrix is loaded.
3. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
The Concentration Measurement window is displayed. It is organized into steps that allow you to perform several different setup and configuration tasks. For this task, you will not use all the steps.
4. In Step 1, ensure that the setting of Derived Variable matches the derived variable used by your matrix. If it does not, change it as required and select Apply .
Important
If you change the setting of Derived Variable , all existing concentration matrices will be deleted from the six slots. Verify the setting of Derived Variable before continuing.
5. Load one or more matrices.
a) In Step 2, set Matrix Being Configured to the location (slot) to which the matrix will be loaded.
b) To load a .xml file from your computer, select Load Matrix from File , navigate to the file, and load it.
c) To load a .matrix file from your computer, select Load Matrix from My Computer , navigate to the file, and load it.
d) To load a .matrix file from the transmitter's internal memory, select Load Matrix from 4200
Device Memory, navigate to the file on the transmitter, and load it.
e) Repeat until all required matrices are loaded.
Set reference temperature values for specific gravity using ProLink III
When Derived Variable is set to any option based on specific gravity, you must set the reference temperature for water, then verify the density of water at the configured reference temperature. These values affect specific gravity measurement.
This requirement applies to the following derived variables:
• Specific Gravity
• Concentration (Specific Gravity)
• Mass Concentration (Specific Gravity)
• Volume Concentration (Specific Gravity)
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
The Concentration Measurement window is displayed. It is organized into steps that allow you to perform several different setup and configuration tasks. For this task, you will not use all the steps.
2. Scroll to Step 2, set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify, and select Change
Matrix .
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3. Scroll to Step 3, then perform the following actions: a) Set Reference Temperature for Referred Density to the temperature to which line density will be corrected for use in the specific gravity calculation.
b) Set Reference Temperature for Water to the water temperature that will be used in the specific gravity calculation.
c) Set Water Density at Reference Temperature to the density of water at the specified reference temperature.
The transmitter automatically calculates the density of water at the specified temperature. The new value will be displayed the next time that transmitter memory is read. You can enter a different value if you prefer.
4. Select Apply at the bottom of Step 3.
Set up temperature data using ProLink III
The concentration measurement application uses line temperature data in its calculations. You must decide how to provide this data, then perform the required configuration and setup. Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor (RTD) is always available. You can set up an external temperature device and use external temperature data if you want to.
The temperature setup that you establish here will be used for all concentration measurement matrices on this meter.
Important
Line temperature data is used in several different measurements and calculations. It is possible to use the internal RTD temperature in some areas and an external temperature in others. The transmitter stores the internal RTD temperature and the external temperature separately. However, the transmitter stores only one alternate temperature value, which may be either an external temperature or the configured fixed value.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
The Concentration Measurement window is displayed. It is organized into steps that allow you to perform several different setup and configuration tasks. For this task, you will not use all the steps.
2. Scroll to Step 4.
3. Choose the method to be used to supply temperature data, and perform the required setup.
Option
Internal temperature
Description
Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor
(RTD) will be used for all measurements and calculations. No external temperature data will be available.
Setup a. Set Line Temperature Source b. Click Apply .
to Internal.
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Option
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for temperature data.
This data will be available in addition to the internal RTD temperature data.
Setup a. Set Line Temperature Source to Poll for External Value.
b. Set Polling Slot to an available slot.
c. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
d. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the temperature device.
e. Click Apply .
Postrequisites
If you are using external temperature data, verify the external temperature value displayed in the Inputs group on the ProLink III main window.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
Modify matrix names and labels using ProLink III
For convenience, you can change the name of a concentration matrix and the label used for its measurement unit. This does not affect measurement.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
The Concentration Measurement window is displayed. It is organized into steps that allow you to perform several different setup and configuration tasks. For this task, you will not use all the steps.
2. Scroll to Step 2, set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify, and click Change
Matrix .
3. Scroll to Step 3, then perform the following actions: a) Set Concentration Units Label to the label that will be used for the concentration unit.
b) If you set Concentration Units Label to Special, enter the custom label in User-Defined Label .
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4. Select Apply at the bottom of Step 3.
Modify extrapolation alerts using ProLink III
You can enable and disable extrapolation alerts, and set extrapolation alert limits. These parameters control the behavior of the concentration measurement application but do not affect measurement directly.
Each concentration matrix is built for a specific density range and a specific temperature range. If line density or line temperature goes outside the range, the transmitter will extrapolate concentration values. However, extrapolation may affect accuracy. Extrapolation alerts are used to notify the operator that extrapolation is occurring.
Each concentration matrix has its own extrapolation alert limits.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
The Concentration Measurement window is displayed. It is organized into steps that allow you to perform several different setup and configuration tasks. For this task, you will not use all the steps.
2. Scroll to Step 2, set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify, and click Change
Matrix .
3. Scroll to Step 4.
4. Set Extrapolation Alert Limit to the point, in percent, at which an extrapolation alert will be posted.
5. Enable or disable the high and low limit alerts for temperature and density, as desired, and click Apply .
Extrapolation alerts in action
If Extrapolation Limit is set to 5%, High Limit (Temp) is enabled, and the active matrix is built for a temperature range of 40 °F (4.4 °C) to 80 °F (26.7 °C), a high-temperature extrapolation alert will be posted if line temperature goes above 82 °F (27.8 °C).
Select the active concentration matrix using ProLink III
You must select the concentration matrix to be used for measurement. Although the transmitter can store up to six concentration matrices, only one matrix can be used for measurement at any one time.
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Concentration Measurement .
2. Scroll to Step 2, set Active Matrix to the matrix you want to use and select Change Matrix .
5.2.3 Set up concentration measurement using the Field
Communicator
This section guides you through most of the tasks related to setting up and implementing the concentration measurement application.
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Enable concentration measurement using the Field Communicator
The concentration measurement application must be enabled before you can perform any setup. If the concentration measurement application was enabled at the factory, you do not need to enable it now.
Prerequisites
The concentration measurement application must be licensed on your transmitter.
Disable the following applications before enabling concentration measurement as concentration measurement cannot be enabled at the same time:
• API referral
• Net oil
Procedure
1. Choose Overview → Device Information → Licenses → Enable/Disable Applications and ensure that
Volume Flow Type is set to Liquid.
2. Choose Overview → Device Information → Licenses → Enable/Disable Applications .
3. Enable the concentration measurement application.
Set reference temperature values for specific gravity using the Field
Communicator
When Derived Variable is set to any option based on specific gravity, you must set the reference temperature for water, then verify the density of water at the configured reference temperature. These values affect specific gravity measurement.
To check the setting of Derived Variable , choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional
Setup → Conc Measurement → CM Configuration .
Important
Do not change the setting of Derived Variable . If you change the setting of Derived Variable , all existing concentration matrices will be deleted from transmitter memory.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Concentration
Measurement → Configuration Matrix .
2. Set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify.
3. Choose Reference Conditions , then perform the following actions: a) Set Reference Temperature to the temperature to which line density will be corrected for use in the specific gravity calculation.
b) Set Water Reference Temperature to the water temperature that will be used in the specific gravity calculation.
c) Set Water Reference Density to the density of water at the specified reference temperature.
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The transmitter automatically calculates the density of water at the specified temperature. The new value will be displayed the next time that transmitter memory is read. Optionally, you can enter a different value.
Provide temperature data using the Field Communicator
The concentration measurement application uses line temperature data in its calculations. You must decide how to provide this data, then perform the required configuration and setup. Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor (RTD) is always available. You can set up an external temperature device and use external temperature data if you want to.
The temperature setup that you establish here will be used for all concentration measurement matrices on this meter.
Procedure
Choose the method to be used to supply temperature data, and perform the required setup.
Method
Internal RTD temperature data
Description
Temperature data from the onboard temperature sensor
(RTD) is used.
Setup a. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Variables .
b. Set Temperature Compensation to Disable.
Postrequisites
Choose and verify the value for External Temperature.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
Modify matrix names and labels using the Field Communicator
For convenience, you can change the name of a concentration matrix and the label used for its measurement unit. This does not affect measurement.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Conc Measurement →
Configure Matrix .
2. Set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify.
3. Set Matrix Name to the name to be used for the matrix.
4. Set Concentration Unit to the label that will be used for the concentration unit.
5. If you set Concentration Unit to Special, choose Label and enter the custom label.
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Modify extrapolation alerts using the Field Communicator
You can enable and disable extrapolation alerts, and set extrapolation alert limits. These parameters control the behavior of the concentration measurement application but do not affect measurement directly.
Each concentration matrix is built for a specific density range and a specific temperature range. If line density or line temperature goes outside the range, the transmitter will extrapolate concentration values. However, extrapolation may affect accuracy. Extrapolation alerts are used to notify the operator that extrapolation is occurring.
Each concentration matrix has its own extrapolation alert limits.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Conc Measurement →
Configure Matrix .
2. Set Matrix Being Configured to the matrix you want to modify.
3. Set Extrapolation Alert Limit to the point, in percent, at which an extrapolation alert will be posted.
4. Choose Configure → Alert Setup → CM Alerts .
5. Enable or disable the high and low alerts for temperature and density, as desired.
Extrapolation alerts in action
If Extrapolation Limit is set to 5%, High Limit (Temp) is enabled, and the active matrix is built for a temperature range of 40 °F (4.4 °C) to 80 °F (26.7 °C), a high-temperature extrapolation alert will be posted if line temperature goes above 82 °F (27.8 °C).
Select the active concentration matrix using the Field Communicator
You must select the concentration matrix to be used for measurement. Although the transmitter can store up to six concentration matrices, only one matrix can be used for measurement at any one time.
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Conc Measurement →
CM Configuration .
2. Set Active Matrix to the matrix you want to use.
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6 Configure advanced options for process measurement
6.1 Detect and report two-phase flow
Two-phase flow (gas in a liquid process or liquid in a gas process) can cause a variety of process control issues.
The transmitter provides two methods to detect and report or respond to two-phase flow.
6.1.1 Detect two-phase flow using density
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Slug Low Limit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Slug High Limit
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Slug Duration
The transmitter can use line density data to detect two-phase flow (gas in a liquid process or liquid in a gas process). The density limits are user-specified. When two-phase flow is detected, an alert is posted.
Procedure
1. Set Two-Phase Flow Low Limit to the lowest density value that is considered normal in your process.
Values below this will cause the transmitter to post a Process Aberration alert.
Tip
Gas entrainment can cause your process density to drop temporarily. To reduce the occurrence of twophase flow alerts that are not significant to your process, set Two-Phase Flow Low Limit slightly below your expected lowest process density.
You must enter Two-Phase Flow Low Limit in g/cm ³ , even if you configured another unit for density measurement.
• Default: 0 g/cm ³
• Range: 0 g/cm ³ to the sensor limit
2. Set Two-Phase Flow High Limit to the highest density value that is considered normal in your process.
Values above this will cause the transmitter to post a Process Aberration alert.
Tip
To reduce the occurrence of two-phase flow alerts that are not significant to your process, set Two-
Phase Flow High Limit slightly above your expected highest process density.
You must enter Two-Phase Flow High Limit in g/cm ³ , even if you configured another unit for density measurement.
• Default: 5 g/cm ³
• Range: 5 g/cm ³ to the sensor limit
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3. Set Two-Phase Flow Timeout to the number of seconds that the transmitter will wait for a two-phase flow condition to clear before posting the alert.
• Default: 0 seconds, meaning that the alert will be posted immediately
• Range: 0 to 60 seconds
6.1.2 Detect two-phase flow using sensor diagnostics
Display
ProLink III
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Source
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x
Field Communicator Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mAO x Source
The transmitter always monitors sensor diagnostics and applies a two-phase flow algorithm. You can assign an mA Output to report the results of this calculation: single-phase flow, moderate two-phase flow, or severe two-phase flow. Severe two-phase flow can cause the meter to stop functioning.
Procedure
Set mA Output Source to Two-Phase Flow Detection.
The signal from the mA Output indicates the current state of the process:
• 12 mA: Single-phase flow
• 16 mA: Moderate two-phase flow
• 20 mA: Severe two-phase flow
6.2 Configure Flow Rate Switch
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Enhanced Events → Flow Rate Switch
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Discrete Output → Source → Flow Switch Indication
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Discrete Output x → Flow Switch
Flow Rate Switch is used to indicate that the flow rate has moved past a user-specified setpoint, in either direction. The flow rate switch is implemented with a user-configurable hysteresis.
Typically, a Discrete Output is assigned as the flow rate switch indicator. The Discrete Output can be wired to an external device such as a light or a horn.
Prerequisites
A channel must be configured as a Discrete Output, and the Discrete Output must be available for this use.
Procedure
1. Set Discrete Output Source to Flow Switch, if you have not already done so.
2. Set Flow Switch Variable to the flow variable that you want to use to control the flow rate switch.
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3. Set Flow Switch Setpoint to the value at which the flow switch will be triggered (after Hysteresis is applied).
Depending on the polarity of the Discrete Output:
• If the flow rate is below this value, the Discrete Output is ON.
• If the flow rate is above this value, the Discrete Output is OFF.
4. Set Hysteresis to the percentage of variation above and below the setpoint that will operate as a deadband.
Hysteresis defines a range around the setpoint within which the flow rate switch will not change.
• Default: 5%
• Range: 0.1% to 10%
Example
If Flow Switch Setpoint = 100 g/sec and Hysteresis = 5% , and the first measured flow rate is above
100 g/sec, the discrete output is OFF. It will remain OFF unless the flow rate drops below 95 g/sec. If this happens, the discrete output will turn ON, and remain ON until the flow rate rises above 105 g/sec.
At this point it turns OFF and will remain OFF until the flow rate drops below 95 g/sec.
Related information
Configure a Discrete Output
6.3 Configure events
An event occurs when the real-time value of a user-specified process variable moves past a user-defined setpoint. Events are used to provide notification of process changes or to perform specific transmitter actions if a process change occurs.
Your transmitter supports the enhanced event model.
Tip
Enhanced events allow:
• Defining events by range (In Range or Out of Range), in addition to High and Low
• Triggering transmitter actions if an event occurs
6.3.1 Configure an enhanced event
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Enhanced Events
Device Tools → Configuration → Events → Enhanced Events
Configure → Alert Setup → Enhanced Events
An enhanced event is used to provide notification of process changes and, optionally, to perform specific transmitter actions if the event occurs. An enhanced event occurs (is ON) if the real-time value of a userspecified process variable moves above (HI) or below (LO) a user-defined setpoint, or in range (IN) or out of range (OUT) with respect to two user-defined setpoints.
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You can define up to five enhanced events. For each enhanced event, you can assign one or more actions that the transmitter will perform if the enhanced event occurs.
Procedure
1. Select the event that you want to configure.
2. Assign a process variable to the event.
3. Specify Event Type .
Option
HI
LO
IN
OUT
Description x > A
The event occurs when the value of the assigned process variable ( x ) is greater than the setpoint ( Setpoint A ), endpoint not included.
x < A
The event occurs when the value of the assigned process variable ( x ) is less than the setpoint ( Setpoint A ), endpoint not included.
A ≤ x ≤ B
The event occurs when the value of the assigned process variable ( x ) is in range, that is, between Setpoint A and Setpoint B , endpoints included.
x ≤ A or x ≥ B
The event occurs when the value of the assigned process variable ( x ) is out of range, that is, less than Setpoint A or greater than Setpoint B , endpoints included.
4. Set values for the required setpoints.
• For HI and LO events, set Setpoint A .
• For IN and OUT events, set Setpoint A and Setpoint B .
5. Optional: Configure a Discrete Output to switch states in response to the event status.
6. Optional: Specify the action or actions that the transmitter will perform when the event occurs.
• Using the display: Choose Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Enhanced Events , select any enhanced event, and choose Assign Actions . Then assign the desired action to the desired enhanced event.
• Using ProLink III: Choose Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Inputs → Action Assignment .
Then assign the desired action to the desired enhanced event.
• Using the Field Communicator: Choose Configure → Alert Setup → Enhanced Events . Then assign the desired action to the desired enhanced event.
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Options for Enhanced Event Action
Action
Display
Standard
Start sensor zero
Totalizers
Start/stop all totalizers and inventories
Start Zero Calibration
Start/stop all totalizers
Reset totalizer X
Reset all totalizers and inventories
Reset Total X
Reset All Totals
Concentration measurement
Increment CM matrix Increment Matrix
ProLink III
Label
Start Sensor Zero
Start or Stop All Totalizers Start/Stop All Totals
Totalizer X
Reset All Totals
Increment ED Curve
Field Communicator
Start Sensor Zero
Reset Total X
Reset All Totals
Increment Curve
6.4 Configure totalizers and inventories
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Totalizers & Inventories
Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → Configure Totalizers
The transmitter provides seven configurable totalizers and seven configurable inventories. Each totalizer and each inventory can be configured independently.
Totalizers track the process since the last totalizer reset. Inventories track the process since the last inventory reset. Inventories are typically used to track the process across totalizer resets.
Tip
The default configurations cover the most typical uses of totalizers and inventories. You may not need to change any configurations.
Prerequisites
Before configuring the totalizers and inventories, ensure that the process variables you plan to track are available on the transmitter.
Procedure
1. Select the totalizer or inventory that you want to configure.
2. Set Totalizer Source or Inventory Source to the process variable that the totalizer or inventory will track.
Option
Mass flow
Description
The totalizer or inventory will track Mass Flow Rate and calculate total mass since the last reset.
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Option
Volume flow
Gas standard volume flow
Temperature-corrected volume flow
Standard volume flow
Net mass flow
Net volume flow
Description
The totalizer or inventory will track Volume Flow Rate and calculate total volume since the last reset.
The totalizer or inventory will track Gas Standard Volume Flow Rate and calculate total volume since the last reset.
The totalizer or inventory will track Temperature-Corrected Volume Flow
Rate and calculate total volume since the last reset.
The totalizer or inventory will track Standard Volume Flow Rate and calculate total volume since the last reset.
The totalizer or inventory will track Net Mass Flow Rate and calculate total mass since the last reset.
The totalizer or inventory will track Net Volume Flow Rate and calculate total volume since the last reset.
Note
The totalizer/inventory value will not automatically be reset when the source is changed. The user must manually reset the totalizer/inventory.
Tip
If you are using the API referral application and you want to measure batch-weighted average density or batch-weighted average temperature, you must have a totalizer configured to measure temperature-corrected volume flow.
3. Set Totalizer Direction to specify how the totalizer or inventory will respond to forward or reverse flow.
Option
Forward Only
Reverse Only
Bidirectional
Absolute Value
Flow direction
Forward
Reverse
Forward
Reverse
Forward
Reverse
Forward
Reverse
Totalizer and inventory behavior
Totals increment
Totals do not change
Totals do not change
Totals increment
Totals increment
Totals decrement
Totals increment
Totals increment
Important
Actual flow direction interacts with Sensor Flow Direction Arrow to determine the flow direction that the transmitter uses in processing. See the following table.
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Table 6-1: Interaction between actual flow direction and Sensor Flow Direction Arrow
Actual flow direction
Forward (same direction as Flow arrow on sensor)
Reverse (opposite from Flow arrow on sensor)
Setting of Sensor Flow Direction
Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
Flow direction sent to outputs and totalizers
Forward
Reverse
Reverse
Forward
4. Optional: Set User Name to the name you want to use for the inventory or totalizer.
User Name can have a maximum of 16 characters.
The transmitter automatically generates a name for each totalizer and inventory, based on its source, direction, and type.
Example
• Totalizer Source =Mass Flow
• Totalizer Direction =Forward Only
• Totalizer name= Mass Fwd Total
Example
• Inventory Source =Gas Standard Volume Flow
• Inventory Direction =Bidirectional
• Inventory name = GSV Bidir Inv
The specified name is used on the transmitter display and on all interfaces that support it. If User Name contains only spaces, the transmitter-generated name is used. Not all interfaces support totalizer and inventory names.
Checking for backflow
You suspect that there is a significant amount of backflow through the sensor. To collect data, configure two totalizers as follows:
• Source =Mass Flow, Direction =Forward Only
• Source =Mass Flow, Direction =Reverse Only
Reset both totalizers, allow them to run for an appropriate period, then look at the amount of reverse flow as a percentage of forward flow.
Tracking three different process fluids
Three tanks are connected to a loading dock through a single meter. Each tank contains a different process fluid. You want to track each process fluid separately.
1. Set up three totalizers, one for each tank.
2. Name the totalizers Tank 1 , Tank 2 , and Tank 3 .
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3. Configure each totalizer as required for the corresponding process fluid.
4. Stop and reset all three totalizers to ensure that the beginning values are 0.
5. When loading from a tank, start the corresponding totalizer, and stop it when the load is finished.
6.4.1 Default settings for totalizers and inventories
Direction Totalizer or inventory
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Source (process variable assignment
Mass flow
Volume flow
Temperature-corrected volume flow
Gas standard volume flow
Standard volume flow
Net mass flow
Net volume flow
Forward Only
Forward Only
Forward Only
Forward Only
Forward Only
Forward Only
Forward Only
Name of totalizer
Name of inventory
Mass Fwd Total
Mass Fwd Inv
Volume Fwd Total
Volume Fwd Inv
API Volume Fwd Total
API Volume Fwd Inv
GSV Fwd Total
GSV Fwd Inv
Standard Vol Fwd Total
Standard Vol Fwd Inv
Net Mass Fwd Total
Net Mass Fwd Inv
Net Vol Fwd Total
Net Vol Fwd Inv
6.5 Configure logging for totalizers and inventories
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Not available
Device Tools → Configuration → Totalizer Log
Not available
The transmitter can write the current value of four totalizers or inventories to a log, at user-specified intervals.
You can generate a log file from this data for viewing and analysis.
Procedure
1. Specify the date on which totalizer logging will begin.
You must specify a future date. If you try to specify the current date, the transmitter will reject the setting.
2. Specify the time at which totalizer logging will begin.
3. Specify the number of hours between records.
4. Select up to four totalizers or inventories to be logged.
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6.6 Configure Process Variable Fault Action
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Output Fault Actions
Device Tools → Configuration → Fault Processing
Configure → Alert Setup → Output Fault Actions → Process Var Fault Action
Process Variable Fault Action specifies the values that will be reported via the display and digital communications if the device encounters a fault condition. The values are also sent to the outputs for processing against their configured fault actions.
Procedure
Set Process Variable Fault Action as desired.
Default: None
Restriction
If you set Process Variable Fault Action to NAN, you cannot set mA Output Fault Action or Frequency
Output Fault Action to None. If you try to do this, the transmitter will not accept the configuration.
Important
• If you want the mA Output to continue reporting process data during fault conditions, you must set both
Process Variable Fault Action and mA Output Fault Action to None . If mA Output Fault Action is set to
None and Process Variable Fault Action is set to any other option, the mA Output will produce the signal associated with the selection.
• If you want the Frequency Output to continue reporting process data during fault conditions, you must set both Process Variable Fault Action and Frequency Output Fault Action to None . If Frequency Output
Fault Action is set to None and Process Variable Fault Action is set to any other option, the Frequency
Output will produce the signal associated with the selection.
6.6.1 Options for Process Variable Fault Action
Display
Upscale
Downscale
Label
ProLink III
Upscale
Downscale
Field Communicator
Upscale
Description
Downscale
• Process variable values indicate that the value is greater than the upper sensor limit.
• Totalizers stop incrementing.
• Process variable values indicate that the value is lower than the lower sensor limit.
• Totalizers stop incrementing.
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Display
Zero
Label
ProLink III
Zero
Not-a-Number (NAN) Not a Number
Flow to Zero
None (default)
Flow to Zero
None
Field Communicator
IntZero-All 0
Description
• Flow rate variables go to the value that represents a flow rate of 0 (zero).
• Density is reported as 0 .
• Temperature is reported as 0°C , or the equivalent if other units are used (e.g.,
32°F .
• Drive gain is reported as measured.
• Totalizers stop incrementing.
Not-a-Number
IntZero-Flow 0
None (default)
• Process variables are reported as IEEE
NAN .
• Drive gain is reported as measured.
• Modbus ® scaled integers are reported as
Max Int .
• Totalizers stop incrementing.
• Flow rates are reported as 0 .
• Other process variables are reported as measured.
• Totalizers stop incrementing.
• All process variables are reported as measured.
• Totalizers increment if they are running.
6.6.2 Interaction between Process Variable Fault Action and other fault actions
The setting of Process Variable Fault Action affects the operation of the mA Outputs, Frequency Outputs, and Discrete Outputs if the corresponding output fault actions are set to None.
Interaction between Process Variable Fault Action and mA Output Fault Action
If mA Output Fault Action is set to None, the mA Output signal depends on the setting of Process Variable
Fault Action .
If the device detects a fault condition:
1.
Process Variable Fault Action is evaluated and applied.
2.
mA Output Fault Action is evaluated.
• If it is set to None, the output reports the value associated with the setting of Process Variable
Fault Action .
• If it is set to any other option, the output performs the specified fault action.
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If you want the mA Output to continue to report process data during fault conditions, you must set both mA
Output Fault Action and Process Variable Fault Action to None.
Interaction between Process Variable Fault Action and Frequency Output Fault Action
If Frequency Output Fault Action is set to None, the Frequency Output signal depends on the setting of
Process Variable Fault Action .
If the device detects a fault condition:
1.
Process Variable Fault Action is evaluated and applied.
2.
Frequency Output Fault Action is evaluated.
• If it is set to None, the output reports the value associated with the setting of Process Variable
Fault Action .
• If it is set to any other option, the output performs the specified fault action.
If you want the Frequency Output to continue to report process data during fault conditions, you must set both Frequency Output Fault Action and Process Variable Fault Action to None.
Interaction between Process Variable Fault Action and Discrete Output Fault Action
If Discrete Output Fault Action is set to None and Discrete Output Source is set to Flow Rate Switch, the discrete output state during a fault depends on the setting of Process Variable Fault Action .
If the device detects a fault condition:
1.
Process Variable Fault Action is evaluated and applied.
2.
Discrete Output Fault Action is evaluated.
• If it is set to None, and Discrete Output Source is set to Flow Rate Switch, the discrete output will use the value determined by the current setting of Process Variable Fault Action to determine if a flow rate switch has occurred.
• If Discrete Output Source is set to any other option, the setting of Process Variable Fault Action is irrelevant to the behavior of the Discrete Output during fault conditions. The Discrete Output is set to the specified fault action.
If you want the Discrete Output to report a flow rate switch appropriately during fault conditions, you must set both Discrete Output Fault Action and Process Variable Fault Action to None.
Related information
Configure mA Output Fault Action
Configure Frequency Output Fault Action
Configure Discrete Output Fault Action
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7 Configure device options and preferences
7.1 Configure the transmitter display
You can control the language used on the display, the process variables shown on the display, and a variety of display behaviors.
7.1.1 Configure the language used on the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Display Settings → Language
Device Tools → Configuration → Local Display Settings → Transmitter Display → General → Language
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Language → Language
Language controls the language that the display uses for process data, menus, and information.
The languages available depend on your transmitter model and version.
Procedure
Set Language to the desired language.
7.1.2 Configure the process variables shown on the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Display Settings → Display Variables
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → Display Variables
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Variables
You can control the process variables shown on the display and the order in which they appear. The display can scroll through up to 15 process variables in any order you choose. This configuration applies to both autoscroll and manual scrolling.
Restriction
You cannot remove all display variables. At least one display variable must be configured.
Notes
• If you have a display variable configured to show a volume process variable, and you change Volume Flow
Type to Gas Standard Volume, the display variable is automatically changed to the equivalent GSV variable, and vice versa.
• For all other display variables, if the process variable becomes unavailable due to changes in configuration, the transmitter will not display that variable.
Procedure
For each display variable, select the process variable to be shown in that position in the rotation.
You can skip positions and you can repeat process variables.
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Table 7-1: Default configuration for display variables
Display variable
Display Variable 1
Display Variable 2
Display Variable 3
Display Variable 4
Display Variable 5
Display Variable 6
Display Variable 7
Display Variable 8
Display Variable 9
Display Variable 10
Display Variable 11
Display Variable 12
Display Variable 13
Display Variable 14
Display Variable 15
None
None
None
None
None
None
Process variable assignment
Mass flow rate
Mass total
Volume flow rate
Volume total
Density
Temperature
Drive gain
None
None
7.1.3 Configure the number of decimal places (precision) shown on the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Display Settings → Decimals on Display
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → Display Variables → Decimal Places for x
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Decimal Places
You can specify the precision (the number of decimal places) that the display uses for each display variable.
You can set the precision independently for each display variable.
The display precision does not affect the actual value of the variable, the value used in calculations, or the value reported via outputs or digital communications.
Procedure
1. Select a process variable or a diagnostic variable.
You can configure the precision for all variables, whether or not they are assigned as display variables.
The configured precision will be stored and used when applicable.
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2. Set Number of Decimal Places to the number of decimal places to be used when this variable is shown on the display.
• Default:
— Temperature variables: 2
— All other variables: 4
• Range: 0 to 5
Tip
The lower the precision, the greater the change must be for it to be reflected on the display. Do not set
Number of Decimal Places too low to be useful.
7.1.4 Turn on and turn off automatic scrolling through the display variables
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Display Settings → Auto Scroll
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → General → Auto Scroll
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Behavior → Auto Scroll
You can configure the display to automatically scroll through the list of display variables or to show a single display variable until the operator activates Scroll . If Auto Scroll is turned on, you can configure the number of seconds that each display variable will be shown.
Procedure
1. Turn on or turn off Auto Scroll as desired.
Option Description
On The display automatically shows each display variable for the number of seconds specified by Scroll Rate , then shows the next display variable. The operator can move to the next display variable at any time by activating Scroll .
Off The display shows Display Variable 1 and does not scroll automatically. The operator can move to the next display variable at any time by activating Scroll .
Default: Off
2. If you turned on Auto Scroll , set Scroll Rate as desired.
• Default: 10
• Range: 1 to 30 seconds
Tip
Scroll Rate may not be available until you apply Auto Scroll .
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7.1.5 Configure the display backlight
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Display Settings → Backlight
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → General → Backlight
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Backlight
You can set the backlight on the display's LCD panel to either ON or OFF. You can also set Contrast as desired
(Default: 70).
7.1.6 Configure totalizer control from the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Security → Display Security → Totalizer Reset
Device Tools → Configuration → Totalizer Control Methods
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Behavior
You can enable or disable the operator's ability to start, stop, or reset totalizers from the display.
Note
Totalizers can be stopped, started, and reset as a group or independently.
This parameter does not affect the operator's ability to start, stop, or reset totalizers using another tool.
Procedure
1. Enable or disable Reset Totalizers , as desired.
2. Enable or disable Start/Stop Totalizers , as desired.
7.1.7 Configure inventory control from the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Security → Display Security → Inventory Reset
Device Tools → Configuration → Inventory Control Methods
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Behavior
You can enable or disable the operator's ability to start, stop, or reset inventories from the display.
Note
Inventories can be started and stopped as a group, but must be reset individually. Inventories cannot be started, stopped, or reset from the display by default; you must first manually enable these options before they will appear in the display.
This parameter does not affect the operator's ability to start, stop, or reset inventories using another tool.
Procedure
1. Enable or disable Reset Inventories , as desired.
2. Enable or disable Start/Stop Inventories , as desired.
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7.1.8 Configure security for the display
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Security → Display Security
Device Tools → Configuration → Transmitter Display → Display Security
Configure → Manual Setup → Display → Display Menus
You can configure a display password, and require the operator to enter the password to make any changes to configuration through the display, or to access alert data through the display.
The operator always has read-only access to the configuration menus.
Procedure
1. Enable or disable display security as desired.
Option Description
Enabled When an operator chooses an action that leads to a configuration change, they are prompted to enter the display password.
Disabled When an operator chooses an action that leads to a configuration change, they are prompted to activate ⇦⇧⇩⇨ . This is designed to protect against accidental changes to configuration. It is not a security measure.
2. If you enabled display security, enable or disable alert security as desired.
Option Description
Enabled If an alert is active, the alert symbol ⓘ is shown above the Menu button on the display but the alert banner is not displayed. If the operator attempts to enter the alert menu, they are prompted to enter the display password.
Disabled If an alert is active, the alert symbol ⓘ is shown in the upper right corner of the display and the alert banner is displayed automatically. No password or confirmation is required to enter the alert menu.
Restriction
You cannot disable display security and enable alert security.
• If you did not enable display security, alert security is disabled and cannot be enabled.
• If both display security and alert security are enabled, and you disable display security, alert security is disabled automatically.
3. Set the display password to the desired value.
• Default: AAAA
• Range: Any four alphanumeric characters
If you enable display security but you do not change the display password, the transmitter will post a configuration alert.
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7.2 Configure the transmitter's response to alerts
7.2.1 Configure the transmitter's response to alerts using the display
For some alerts, you can change the transmitter's response to an alert by setting the alert severity. You can also configure the transmitter to ignore some alerts and conditions.
The transmitter implements the NAMUR NE 107 specification for alerts. NAMUR NE 107 categorizes alerts by the suggested operator action, not by cause or symptom. Each alert has one or more associated conditions.
Important
The transmitter reports all the process and device conditions that were reported by previous transmitters.
However, the transmitter does not report them as individual alerts. Instead, the transmitter reports them as conditions associated with alerts.
Procedure
• To change the severity of an alert: a) Choose Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Response to Alerts .
b) Select the alert.
c) Set Alert Severity as desired.
Option
Failure
Description
The event is serious enough to require fault actions by the transmitter. The event may be either device-related or process-related. Operator action is strongly recommended.
Function Check Configuration change or device testing. No fault actions are performed. The operator may need to complete a procedure.
Out of
Specification
Maintenance
Required
The process is outside user-specified limits or device limits. No fault actions are performed. The operator should check the process.
Device maintenance is recommended, either near-term or mid-term.
• To ignore an alert: a) Choose Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Response to Alerts b) Select the alert.
c) Set Alert Detection to Ignore.
If an alert is ignored, any occurrence of this alert is not posted to the alert list and the alert banner is not shown on the display.
• To ignore a condition: a) Choose Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Response to Alerts b) Select the alert associated with the condition.
c) Select Condition Detection.
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If a condition is ignored, any occurrence of this condition is not posted to the alert list and the status LED on the transmitter does not change color. The occurrence is posted to alert history.
7.2.2 Configure the transmitter's response to alerts using ProLink III
For some alerts, you can change the transmitter's response to an alert by setting the alert severity. You can also configure the transmitter to ignore some alerts and conditions.
The transmitter implements the NAMUR NE 107 specification for alerts. NAMUR NE 107 categorizes alerts by the suggested operator action, not by cause or symptom. Each alert has one or more associated conditions.
Important
The transmitter reports all the process and device conditions that were reported by previous transmitters.
However, the transmitter does not report them as individual alerts. Instead, the transmitter reports them as conditions associated with alerts.
Procedure
• To change the severity of an alert: a) Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Alert Severity .
b) Select the alert.
c) Set the severity as desired.
Option Description
Failure The event is serious enough to require fault actions by the transmitter. The event may be either device-related or process-related. Operator action is strongly recommended.
Function Check Configuration change or device testing. No fault actions are performed. The operator may need to complete a procedure.
Out of
Specification
Maintenance
Required
The process is outside user-specified limits or device limits. No fault actions are performed. The operator should check the process.
Device maintenance is recommended, either near-term or mid-term.
• To ignore an alert: a) Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Alert Severity .
b) Select the alert.
c) Set the severity to Ignore.
If an alert is ignored, any occurrence of this alert is not posted to the alert list and the status LED on the transmitter does not change color. The occurrence is posted to alert history.
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• To ignore a condition: a) Choose Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Response to Alerts .
b) Select the alert associated with the condition and expand it.
c) Select the condition and set it to Ignore.
If a condition is ignored, any occurrence of this condition is not posted to the alert list and the status LED on the transmitter does not change color. The occurrence is posted to alert history.
7.2.3 Configure the transmitter's response to alerts using the Field
Communicator
For some alerts, you can change the transmitter's response to an alert by setting the alert severity. You can also configure the transmitter to ignore some alerts and conditions.
The transmitter implements the NAMUR NE 107 specification for alerts. NAMUR NE 107 categorizes alerts by the suggested operator action, not by cause or symptom. Each alert has one or more associated conditions.
Important
The transmitter reports all the process and device conditions that were reported by previous transmitters.
However, the transmitter does not report them as individual alerts. Instead, the transmitter reports them as conditions associated with alerts.
Procedure
• To change the severity of an alert: a) Choose Configure → Alert Setup .
b) Choose the category of the alert: Sensor, Configuration, Process, or Output.
c) Select the alert.
d) Set the severity as desired.
Option
Failure
Description
The event is serious enough to require fault actions by the transmitter. The event may be either device-related or process-related. Operator action is strongly recommended.
Function Check Configuration change or device testing. No fault actions are performed. The operator may need to complete a procedure.
Out of
Specification
Maintenance
Required
The process is outside user-specified limits or device limits. No fault actions are performed. The operator should check the process.
Device maintenance is recommended, either near-term or mid-term.
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• To ignore an alert: a) Choose Configure → Alert Setup .
b) Choose the category of the alert: Sensor, Configuration, Process, or Output.
c) Select the alert.
d) Set the severity to No Effect.
If an alert is ignored, any occurrence of this alert is not posted to the alert list and the status LED on the transmitter does not change color. The occurrence is posted to alert history.
• To ignore a condition: a) Choose Configure → Alert Setup .
b) Choose the category of the alert: Sensor, Configuration, Process, or Output.
c) Select the alert.
d) Choose Set Conditions .
e) Select the condition and set it to OFF.
If a condition is ignored, any occurrence of this condition is not posted to the alert list and the status LED on the transmitter does not change color. The occurrence is posted to alert history.
7.2.4 Configure Fault Timeout
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Output Fault Actions → Fault Timeout (sec)
Device Tools → Configuration → Fault Processing → Fault Timeout
Configure → Alert Setup → Output Fault Actions → General → Fault Timeout
Fault Timeout controls the delay before fault actions are performed.
The fault timeout period begins when the transmitter detects an alert condition.
• During the fault timeout period, the transmitter continues to report its last valid measurements.
• If the fault timeout period expires while the alert is still active, the fault actions are performed.
• If the alert condition clears before the fault timeout expires, no fault actions are performed.
Restriction
• Fault Timeout is not applied to all alerts. For some alerts, fault actions are performed as soon as the alert condition is detected. See the list of alerts and conditions for details.
• Fault Timeout is applicable only when Alert Severity = Failure. For all other settings of Alert Severity ,
Fault Timeout is irrelevant.
Procedure
Set Fault Timeout as desired.
• Default: 0 seconds
• Range: 0 to 60 seconds
If you set Fault Timeout to 0, fault actions are performed as soon as the alert condition is detected.
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7.2.5 Alerts, conditions, and configuration options
Table 7-2: Options for alerts and conditions
Alert
Electronics Failed
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Sensor Failed
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Configuration Error
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Name
[018] EEPROM Error
(Transmitter)
Conditions
Description
There is an internal memory problem with the transmitter.
[019] RAM Error (Transmitter) There is a ROM checksum mismatch in the transmitter or the RAM address location cannot be written in the transmitter.
The watchdog timer has expired.
Watchdog Error
Verification of mA Output 1
Failed
The reading of the mA input does not match the reading of mA Output
1.
[003] Sensor Failed
[016] Sensor Temperature
(RTD) Failure
The pickoff amplitude is too low.
The value computed for the resistance of the line RTD is outside limits.
Ignorable
No
No
No
No
No
No
No [017] Sensor Case
Temperature (RTD) Failure
[020] Calibration Factors
Missing
The values computed for the resistance of the meter and case
RTDs are outside limits.
Some calibration factors have not been entered or are incorrect.
[021] Incorrect Sensor Type Transmitter verification of sensor circuits and characterization has produced a discrepancy. The transmitter cannot operate the sensor.
[030] Incorrect Board Type The firmware or configuration loaded in the transmitter is incompatible with the board type.
Password Not Set
Time Not Entered
[120] Curve Fit Failure
(Concentration)
Display security has been enabled but the display password has not been changed from the default value.
The system time has not been entered. The system time is required for diagnostic logs.
The transmitter was unable to calculate a valid concentration matrix from the current data.
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
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Table 7-2: Options for alerts and conditions (continued)
Alert
Tube Not Full
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Name
[033] Insufficient Pickoff
Signal
Extreme Primary Purpose Variable
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
[005] Mass Flow Rate
Overrange
[008] Density Overrange
Conditions
Description
The signal from the sensor pickoffs is insufficient for operation.
Ignorable
Yes
The measured flow is outside the sensor's flow limits.
The measured density is above
10 g/cm ³ .
No
No
Transmitter Initializing
• Default severity: Failure
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Function Check in Progress
• Default severity: Function Check
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Sensor Being Simulated
• Default severity: Function Check
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Output Fixed
• Default severity: Function Check
• Severity configurable: No
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
[009] Transmitter Initializing/
Warming Up
The transmitter is in power-up mode.
[104] Calibration in Progress A calibration is running.
[131] Meter Verification in
Progress
No
A meter verification test is running.
Yes
[132] Sensor Simulation
Active
Sensor simulation mode is enabled.
No
No
[101] mA Output 1 Fixed The HART address is set to a nonzero value, a loop test is running, or the output is configured to send a constant value ( mA Output Action or Loop Current Mode ).
Yes
[114] mA Output 2 Fixed The output is configured to send a constant value. A loop test may be in progress.
No
[111] Frequency Output 1
Fixed
The output is configured to send a constant value. A loop test may be in progress.
[118] Discrete Output 1 Fixed The output is set to a constant state.
A loop test may be in progress.
No
No
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Table 7-2: Options for alerts and conditions (continued)
Alert
Name
[102] Drive Overrange Drive Over-Range
• Default severity: Maintenance
Required
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Process Aberration
• Default severity: Out of
Specification
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Event Active
• Default severity: Out of
Specification
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: Yes
Conditions
Description
The drive power (current/voltage) is at its maximum.
Ignorable
Yes
[105] Two-Phase Flow
[115] External Input Error
[121] Extrapolation Alert
(Concentration)
The line density or line temperature is outside the range of the concentration matrix plus the configured extrapolation limit.
[116] Temperature Overrange
(API referral)
The line temperature is outside the range of the API table.
[117] Density Overrange (API referral)
[123] Pressure Overrange (API referral)
Moderate Two-Phase Flow
The line density is outside the range of the API table.
The line pressure is outside the range of the API table.
Severe Two-Phase Flow
The transmitter has detected moderate two-phase flow.
The transmitter has detected severe two-phase flow.
Enhanced Event 1 Active
Enhanced Event 2 Active
The line density is outside the userdefined two-phase flow limits.
The connection to an external measurement device has failed. No external data is available.
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 1 are present.
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 1 are present.
Enhanced Event 2 Active
Enhanced Event 3 Active
Enhanced Event 4 Active
Enhanced Event 5 Active
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 2 are present.
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 3 are present.
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 4 are present.
The conditions assigned to
Enhanced Event 5 are present.
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
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Table 7-2: Options for alerts and conditions (continued)
Alert
Output Saturated
• Default severity: Out of
Specification
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Function Check Failed or Meter
Verification Aborted
• Default severity: Maintenance
Required
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Configuration Warning
• Default severity: Maintenance
Required
• Severity configurable: Yes
• Fault Timeout applicable: No
Name
Conditions
Description
[100] mA Output 1 Saturated The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
[113] mA Output 2 Saturated The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
[110] Frequency Output 1
Saturated
[010] Calibration Failed
The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
The calibration failed.
[034] Meter Verification
Failed
The meter verification test showed that the sensor response was not acceptably close to the baseline.
[035] Meter Verification
Aborted
No Permanent License
Clock Failure
Transmitter Software Update
Failed
Ignorable
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
The meter verification test did not complete, possibly because it was manually aborted or because process conditions were too unstable.
A permanent license has not been installed in the transmitter firmware.
Yes
No
The transmitter's real-time clock is not incrementing.
The transmitter software update failed.
No
Yes
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8 Integrate the meter with the control system
8.1 Configure the transmitter channels
Display
ProLink
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Channels → Channel x
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x
Your transmitter uses Channels A and B to support the control system and communications. Channel B is configurable.
Depending on your purchase order, some channels may not be activated on your device. To see which channels are activated:
• Using the display: Menu → About → Licenses
• Using ProLink: Device Information
• Using the Field Communicator: Overview → Device Information → Licenses → Permanent Feature Set
→ Input/Output Channels
To activate additional channels, contact customer service.
The channel configuration must match the I/O wiring.
Prerequisites
Important
To avoid causing process errors:
• Configure the channels before configuring the outputs.
• Before changing the channel configuration, ensure that all control loops affected by the channel are under manual control.
Procedure
1. Identify the channels that are activated on your device.
2. For Channel B, if activated, set Channel Type as desired.
Channel
Channel B
Options
• mA Output 2
• Frequency Output 1 (default)
• Discrete Output 1
Restriction
You cannot configure Channel Type for Channel A. Channel A is always mA Output 1.
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Postrequisites
For each channel that you configured, perform or verify the corresponding output configuration. When the configuration of a channel is changed, the channel's behavior will be controlled by the configuration that is stored for the selected output type, and the stored configuration may not be appropriate for your process.
After verifying channel and output configuration, return the control loop to automatic control.
8.2 Configure the mA Outputs
The mA Outputs are used to report current values of process variables. The mA signal varies between 4 mA and 20 mA in proportion to the current value of the assigned process variable.
Depending on your purchase order and channel configuration, your transmitter may have 1-2 mA Outputs.
Channel A is always mA Output 1, and Channel B is mA Output 2 if assigned as mA.
Note
Channel A also supports HART/Bell 202 communications, superimposed on the mA signal. HART is not available on Channel B.
8.2.1 Configure mA Output Source
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Source
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mAO x Source mA Output Source specifies the process variable that is reported by the mA Output.
Prerequisites
• If you plan to configure the output to report volume flow, ensure that you have set Volume Flow Type as desired: Liquid or Gas Standard Volume.
• If you plan to configure an output to report a concentration measurement process variable, ensure that the concentration measurement application is configured so that the desired variable is available.
Procedure
Set mA Output Process Variable as desired.
Default: mA Output 1: Mass Flow Rate
Postrequisites
If you change the configuration of mA Output Source , verify the settings of Lower Range Value and Upper
Range Value . The transmitter automatically loads a set of values, and these values may not be appropriate for your application.
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Options for mA Output Source
The transmitter provides a basic set of options for mA Output Source , plus several application-specific options. Different communications tools may use different labels for the options.
Label
Process variable
Display
Standard
Mass flow rate
Volume flow rate
Gas standard volume flow rate
Temperature
Density
External pressure
External temperature
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
GSV Flow Rate
Temperature
Density
External Pressure
External Temperature
Diagnostics
Velocity
Two-phase flow detection
Drive gain
API referral
Temperature-corrected density
Temperature-corrected
(standard) volume flow rate
Average temperaturecorrected density
Velocity
Phase
Drive Gain
Referred Density
Referred Volume Flow
Average Line Density
Average temperature
Concentration measurement
Average Temperature
Density at reference Referred Density
ProLink III
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
Gas Standard Volume Flow
Rate
Temperature
Density
External Pressure
External Temperature
Velocity
Phase Flow Severity
Drive Gain
Density at Reference
Temperature
Volume Flow Rate at
Reference Temperature
Average Density
Average Temperature
FC
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
Gas Standard Volume Flow
Temperature
Density
External pressure
External temperature
Approximate Velocity
Two-Phase Flow Detection
Drive Gain
Density at Reference
Temperature
Referred Volume Flow Rate
Average Observed Density
Average Temperature
Dens at Ref (CM)
Specific gravity Specific Gravity
Standard volume flow rate Standard Vol Flow
Net mass flow rate
Net volume flow rate
Concentration
Baume
Net Mass Flow
Net Volume Flow Rate
Concentration
Baume
Density at Reference
Temperature
Density (Fixed SG Units)
Volume Flow Rate at
Reference Temperature
Net Mass Flow Rate
Net Volume Flow Rate
Concentration
Baume
Spec Gravity (CM)
Stnadard Volume Flow Rate
Net Mass Flow (CM)
Net Volume Flow Rate (CM)
Concentration (CM)
Baume (CM)
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8.2.2 Configure Lower Range Value (LRV) and Upper Range Value
(URV) for the mA Output
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Lower Range Value
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output → Lower Range Value
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output → Upper Range Value
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mA Output x Settings →
Lower Range Value
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mA Output x Settings →
Upper Range Value
The Lower Range Value (LRV) and Upper Range Value (URV) are used to scale the mA Output, that is, to define the relationship between mA Output Process Variable and the mA Output signal.
LRV is the value of mA Output Source represented by an output of 4 mA. URV is the value of mA Output
Source represented by an output of 20 mA. Between LRV and URV , the mA Output is linear with the process variable. If the process variable drops below LRV or rises above URV , the transmitter posts an output saturation alert.
Procedure
Set LRV and URV as desired.
Enter LRV and URV in the measurement units used for mA Output Source .
• Defaults: Specific to each process variable
• Range: Unlimited
Note
You can set URV below LRV . For example, you can set URV to 50 and LRV to 100 . If you do this, the mA
Output will be inversely proportional to the value of mA Output Source .
Tip
For best performance:
• Set LRV ≥ LSL (lower sensor limit).
• Set URV ≤ USL (upper sensor limit).
• Set these values so that the difference between URV and LRV is ≥ Min Span (minimum span).
This ensures that the resolution of the mA Output signal is within the range of the bit precision of the D/A converter.
Note
The transmitter always stores LRV and URV for the current process variable and the previous process variable.
If mA Output Source is set to Mass Flow Rate and you set LRV and URV for this configuration, then you change mA Output Source to Volume Flow Rate and set LRV and URV , then change mA Output Source back to Mass Flow Rate, the corresponding LRV and URV are restored automatically. However, if you changed mA
Output Source to Volume Flow Rate, then to Phase Genius Flow Severity, and then back to Mass Flow Rate, the configured LRV and URV for Mass Flow Rate are no longer available. The sensor's lower limit and upper limit are used instead.
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8.2.3 Configure mA Output Direction
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Direction
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x → Direction
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mAO x Fault Settings → mAO x Direction mA Output Direction controls how conditions of forward flow and reverse flow affect the flow rates reported by the mA Output.
Actual flow direction interacts with Sensor Flow Direction Arrow to determine the flow direction that the transmitter uses in processing. See the following table.
Table 8-1: Interaction between actual flow direction and Sensor Flow Direction Arrow
Actual flow direction
Forward (same direction as Flow arrow on sensor)
Reverse (opposite from Flow arrow on sensor)
Setting of Sensor Flow Direction
Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
Flow direction sent to outputs and totalizers
Forward
Reverse
Reverse
Forward
Procedure
Set mA Output Direction as desired.
Option Description
Normal (default) Appropriate when your application needs to distinguish between forward flow and reverse flow.
Absolute Value Appropriate when your application does not need to distinguish between forward flow and reverse flow.
Important mA Output Direction interacts with Lower Range Value (LRV). The effect of mA Output Direction on the mA
Output varies, depending on whether LRV < 0 or LRV ≥ 0.
Effect of mA Output Direction on an mA Output
mA Output Direction affects how the transmitter reports flow values via an mA Output. An mA Output is affected by mA Output Direction only if mA Output Source is set to a flow variable.
The effect of mA Output Direction depends on the setting of Lower Range Value (LRV).
• If Lower Range Value
.
• If Lower Range Value > 0, see
Figure 8-1 and adapt the chart.
• If Lower Range Value < 0, see
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Figure 8-1: Effect of mA Output Direction on an mA Output: Lower Range Value = 0 mA Output Direction = Normal mA Output Direction = Absolute Value
20 20
12 12
4 4
-x
Reverse flow
0 x
Forward flow
-x
Reverse flow
0 x
Forward flow
• Lower Range Value = 0
• Upper Range Value = x
Figure 8-2: Effect of mA Output Direction on an mA Output: Lower Range Value < 0 mA Output Direction = Normal mA Output Direction = Absolute Value
20 20
12
4
-x
Reverse flow
0 x
Forward flow
• Lower Range Value = − x
• Upper Range Value = x
12
4
-x
Reverse flow
0 x
Forward flow
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Example: mA Output Direction = Normal and Lower Range Value = 0
Configuration:
• mA Output Direction = Normal
• Lower Range Value = 0 g/sec
• Upper Range Value = 100 g/sec
Result:
• Under conditions of reverse flow or zero flow, the mA Output is 4 mA.
• Under conditions of forward flow, up to a flow rate of 100 g/sec, the mA Output varies between 4 mA and
20 mA in proportion to the flow rate.
• Under conditions of forward flow, if the flow rate equals or exceeds 100 g/sec, the mA Output will be proportional to the flow rate up to 20.5 mA, and will be level at 20.5 mA at higher flow rates.
Example: mA Output Direction = Normal and Lower Range Value < 0
Configuration:
• mA Output Direction = Normal
• Lower Range Value = − 100 g/sec
• Upper Range Value = +100 g/sec
Result:
• Under conditions of zero flow, the mA Output is 12 mA.
• Under conditions of forward flow, for flow rates between 0 and +100 g/sec, the mA Output varies between
12 mA and 20 mA in proportion to (the absolute value of) the flow rate.
• Under conditions of forward flow, if (the absolute value of) the flow rate equals or exceeds 100 g/sec, the mA Output is proportional to the flow rate up to 20.5 mA, and will be level at 20.5 mA at higher flow rates.
• Under conditions of reverse flow, for flow rates between 0 and − 100 g/sec, the mA Output varies between
4 mA and 12 mA in inverse proportion to the absolute value of the flow rate.
• Under conditions of reverse flow, if the absolute value of the flow rate equals or exceeds 100 g/sec, the mA
Output is inversely proportional to the flow rate down to 3.8 mA, and will be level at 3.8 mA at higher absolute values.
8.2.4 Configure mA Output Cutoff
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → MAO Cutoff
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x → Flow Rate Cutoff
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mA Output x Settings → mAO Flow Rate Cutoff mA Output Cutoff specifies the lowest flow rate that will be reported through the mA Output. All flow rates below the specified value are reported as 0.
mA Output Cutoff is applicable only when mA Output Source is set to a flow rate variable. It is applied to whatever flow variable is assigned to the mA Output.
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Procedure
Set mA Output Cutoff as desired.
Set mA Output Cutoff in the measurement units used for the process variable. If you change the measurement unit, mA Output Cutoff is adjusted automatically.
• Default: 0
• Range: 0 or any positive value
Tip
For most applications the default value of mA Output Cutoff should be used. Contact customer service before changing mA Output Cutoff .
Interaction between mA Output Cutoff and process variable cutoffs
When mA Output Process Variable is set to a flow variable (for example, mass flow rate or volume flow rate), mA Output Cutoff interacts with Mass Flow Cutoff or Volume Flow Cutoff . The transmitter puts the cutoff into effect at the highest flow rate at which a cutoff is applicable.
8.2.5 Configure mA Output Damping
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → MAO Damping
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x → Added Damping
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mA Output x Settings →
Added Damping mA Output Damping controls the amount of damping that will be applied to the mA Output.
Damping is used to smooth out small, rapid fluctuations in process measurement. The damping value specifies the time period, in seconds, over which the transmitter will spread changes in the process variable.
At the end of the interval, the value reported by the mA Output will reflect 63% of the change in the actual measured value.
mA Output Damping affects a process variable only when it is reported via the mA Output. If the process variable is read from the display or digitally, mA Output Damping is not applied.
Procedure
Set mA Output Damping to the desired value.
• Default: 0.0 seconds
• Range: 0.0 to 440 seconds
Tip
• A high damping value makes the process variable appear smoother because the reported value changes slowly.
• A low damping value makes the process variable appear more erratic because the reported value changes more quickly.
• The combination of a high damping value and rapid, large changes in the process variable assigned to the mA Output can result in increased measurement error.
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• Whenever the damping value is non-zero, the damped value will lag the actual measurement because the damped value is being averaged over time.
• In general, lower damping values are preferable because there is less chance of data loss, and less lag time between the actual measurement and the damped value.
Interaction between mA Output Damping and process variable damping
When mA Output Source is set to a flow rate variable, density, or temperature, mA Output Damping interacts with Flow Damping , Density Damping , or Temperature Damping . If multiple damping parameters are applicable, the effect of damping the process variable is calculated first, and the mA Output damping calculation is applied to the result of that calculation.
Damping interaction
Configuration:
• Flow Damping = 1 second
• mA Output Source = Mass Flow Rate
• mA Output Damping = 2 seconds
Result: A change in the mass flow rate will be reflected in the mA Output over a time period that is greater than 3 seconds. The exact time period is calculated by the transmitter according to internal algorithms which are not configurable.
8.2.6 Configure mA Output Fault Action
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Fault Action
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → mA Output x → Fault Action
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → mA Output x → mAO x Fault Settings → mAO x Fault Action mA Output Fault Action controls the behavior of the mA Output if the transmitter detects a fault condition.
Important
• The fault action is implemented only if Alert Severity is set to Failure. If Alert Severity is set to any other option, the fault action is not implemented.
• For some faults only: If Fault Timeout is set to a non-zero value, the transmitter will not implement the fault action until the timeout has elapsed.
Procedure
1. Set mA Output Fault Action as desired.
Default: Downscale
Important
If you set mA Output Fault Action to None, the mA Output will be controlled by the setting of Process
Variable Fault Action . In most cases, if you set mA Output Fault Action to None, you should also set
Process Variable Fault Action to None.
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2. If you set mA Output Fault Action to Upscale or Downscale , set mA Output Fault Level to the signal that the mA Output will produce during a fault.
Options for mAO Fault Action and mAO Fault Level
Option
Upscale mA Output behavior
Goes to the configured fault level
Downscale (default)
Internal Zero
Goes to the configured fault level mA Output Fault Level
Default: 22.0 mA
Range: 21.0 to 23.0 mA
Default: 3.6 mA
Range: Not configurable
Not applicable
None
Goes to the mA Output level associated with a process variable value of 0 (zero), as determined by Lower Range Value and Upper Range Value settings
Determined by the setting of Process Variable
Fault Action
Not applicable
8.3 Configure the Frequency Output
The Frequency Output is used to report current values of process variables. The frequency varies between
0 Hz and 1000 Hz in proportion to the current value of the assigned process variable.
Depending on your purchase order and channel configuration, your transmitter may have zero or one
Frequency Output. One channel is available to use as a Frequency Output. Only Channel B can be configured as either Frequency Output 1 or Discrete Output 1.
8.3.1 Configure Frequency Output Source
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Source
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Frequency Output x
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Frequency Output x
Frequency Output Source specifies the process variable that is reported by the Frequency Output.
Prerequisites
• If you plan to configure the output to report volume flow, ensure that you have set Volume Flow Type as desired: Liquid or Gas Standard Volume.
• If you plan to configure an output to report a concentration measurement process variable, ensure that the concentration measurement application is configured so that the desired variable is available.
Procedure
Set Frequency Output Source as desired.
Default: Frequency Output 1: Mass Flow Rate
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Postrequisites
If you change the configuration of Frequency Output Source , verify the Frequency Output scaling. The transmitter automatically loads the most recent values for the scaling parameters, and they may not be appropriate for your application.
Options for Frequency Output Source
The transmitter provides a basic set of options for Frequency Output Source , plus several application-specific options. Different communications tools may use different labels for the options.
Label
Process variable
Display
Standard
Mass flow rate
Volume flow rate
Gas standard volume flow rate
API referral
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
GSV Flow Rate
Temperature-corrected
(standard) volume flow rate
Referred Volume Flow
Concentration measurement
Standard volume flow rate Standard Vol Flow
PLIII
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
Gas Standard Volume Flow
Rate
Volume Flow Rate at
Reference Temperature
Field Communicator
Mass Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
GSV Flow Rate
Referred Volume Flow Rate
Standard Volume Flow Rate
Net mass flow rate
Net volume flow rate
Net Mass Flow
Net Volume Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate at
Reference Temperature
Net Mass Flow Rate
Net Volume Flow Rate
Net Mass Flow (CM)
Net Volume Flow Rate (CM)
8.3.2 Configure Frequency Output Scaling
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Frequency Output x → Scaling Method
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Frequency Output x → Scaling Method
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Frequency Output x → FO x Scaling
Frequency output scaling defines the relationship between Frequency Output Source and the pulse of the
Frequency Output. Scale the Frequency Output to provide the data in the form required by your frequency receiving device.
Procedure
1. Set Frequency Output Scaling Method .
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Option
Frequency=Flow (default)
Pulses/Unit
Units/Pulse
Description
Frequency calculated from flow rate
A user-specified number of pulses represents one flow unit
A pulse represents a user-specified number of flow units
2. Set additional required parameters.
• If you set Frequency Output Scaling Method to Frequency=Flow, set Rate Factor and Frequency
Factor .
• If you set Frequency Output Scaling Method to Pulses/Unit, define the number of pulses that will represent one flow unit.
• If you set Frequency Output Scaling Method to Units/Pulse, define the number of units that each pulse will indicate.
Calculate frequency from flow rate
The Frequency=Flow option is used to customize the Frequency Output for your application when you do not know appropriate values for Units/Pulse or Pulses/Unit.
If you specify Frequency=Flow, you must provide values for Rate Factor and Frequency Factor :
Rate Factor The maximum flow rate that you want the Frequency Output to report.
Frequency Factor A value calculated as follows:
× N where:
T Factor to convert selected time base to seconds
N Number of pulses per flow unit, as configured in the receiving device
The resulting Frequency Factor must be within the range of the Frequency Output0 to 1000 Hz :
• If Frequency Factor is less than1 Hz, reconfigure the receiving device for a higher pulses/unit setting.
• If Frequency Factor is greater than 1,000 Hz, reconfigure the receiving device for a lower pulses/unit setting.
8.3.3 Configure Frequency Output Direction
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Direction
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Frequency Output x → Direction
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Frequency Output x → FO x Settings
Frequency Output Direction controls how conditions of forward flow and reverse flow affect the flow rates reported by the Frequency Output.
Actual flow direction interacts with Sensor Flow Direction Arrow to determine the flow direction that the transmitter uses in processing. See the following table.
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Table 8-2: Interaction between actual flow direction and Sensor Flow Direction Arrow
Actual flow direction
Forward (same direction as Flow arrow on sensor)
Reverse (opposite from Flow arrow on sensor)
Setting of Sensor Flow Direction
Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
Flow direction sent to outputs and totalizers
Forward
Reverse
Reverse
Forward
Procedure
Set Frequency Output Direction as desired.
Option Description
Positive Flow Only • Forward flow: The Frequency Output reports the flow rate according to the configured scaling method.
• Reverse flow: The Frequency Output is 0 Hz.
Negative Flow
Only
Both Positive and
Negative Flow
• Forward flow: The Frequency Output is 0 Hz.
• Reverse flow: The Frequency Output reports the absolute value of the flow rate according to the configured scaling method.
The Frequency Output reports the absolute value of the flow rate according to the configured scaling method. It is not possible to distinguish between forward flow and reverse flow from the Frequency Output alone. This setting is typically used in combination with a discrete output configured to report flow direction.
8.3.4 Configure Frequency Output Fault Action
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Alert Setup → Output Fault Actions → Fault Action
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Frequency Output x → Fault Action
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Frequency Output x → FO x Fault Settings
→ FO x Fault Action
Frequency Output Fault Action controls the behavior of the frequency output if the transmitter detects a fault condition.
Important
• The fault action is implemented only if Alert Severity is set to Failure. If Alert Severity is set to any other option, the fault action is not implemented.
• For some faults only: If Fault Timeout is set to a non-zero value, the transmitter will not implement the fault action until the timeout has elapsed.
Procedure
1. Set Frequency Output Fault Action as desired.
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• Default: Downscale
Important
If you set Frequency Output Fault Action to None, the frequency output will be controlled by the setting of Process Variable Fault Action . In most cases, if you set Frequency Output Fault Action to
None, you should also set Process Variable Fault Action to None.
2. If you set Frequency Output Fault Action to Upscale, set Frequency Fault Level to the desired value.
• Default: 1450 Hz
• Range: 10 Hz to 1450 Hz
Options for Frequency Output Fault Action
Label
Upscale
Downscale
Internal Zero
None (default)
Frequency Output behavior
Goes to configured Upscale value:
• Default: 1450 Hz
• Range: 10 Hz to 1450 Hz
0 Hz
0 Hz
Determined by the setting of Process Variable Fault Action
8.4 Configure the Discrete Output
The Discrete Output is used to report specific meter or process conditions.
Depending on your purchase order and channel configuration, you may have 0–1 discrete outputs on the transmitter. Channel B can be configured as Discrete Output 1
8.4.1 Configure Discrete Output Source
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel B → I/O Settings → Source
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Discrete Output → Source
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Discrete Output x → DOx Source
Discrete Output Source specifies the process condition or device condition that is reported by a Discrete
Output.
Procedure
Set Discrete Output Source to the desired option.
Default: Forward/Reverse
Postrequisites
If you set Discrete Output Source to Flow Switch, additional configuration is required.
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Options for Discrete Output Source
Option
Enhanced Event
Display
Basic Event x
Flow Rate
Switch
Label
PLIII
Enhanced Event x
State
FC
Discrete Event x ON
Enhanced Event x
Event x
Flow Rate
Switch
Flow Switch
Indicator
Event x
Flow Switch
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
DO voltage
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
0 V Forward/
Reverse
Indicator
Calibration in
Progress
Fault
Meter
Verification
Failure
Flow Direction Forward
Reverse
Indicator
Zero in Progress Calibration in
Progress
Fault Fault Indication Fault Condition
Present
OFF
ON
Meter
Verification Fail
Meter
Verification
Failure
Forward/
Reverse
OFF
Forward flow
Reverse flow
Cal in Progress ON
SMV Fail
OFF
ON
OFF
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
• Internally powered: 24 VDC
• Externally powered: Sitespecific
0 V
(1) Events configured using the enhanced event model.
(2) Events configured using the basic event model.
Important
This table assumes that Discrete Output Polarity is set to Active High. If Discrete Output Polarity is set to
Active Low, reverse the voltage values.
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Important
Actual flow direction interacts with Sensor Flow Direction Arrow to determine the flow direction that the transmitter uses in processing. See the following table.
Table 8-3: Interaction between actual flow direction and Sensor Flow Direction Arrow
Actual flow direction
Forward (same direction as Flow arrow on sensor)
Reverse (opposite from Flow arrow on sensor)
Setting of Sensor Flow Direction
Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
Flow direction sent to outputs and totalizers
Forward
Reverse
Reverse
Forward
8.4.2 Configure Discrete Output Polarity
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Polarity
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Discrete Output → Polarity
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Discrete Output x → DOx Polarity
A Discrete Output has two states: ON (active, asserted) and OFF (inactive). Two different voltages are used to represent these states. Discrete Output Polarity controls which voltage represents which state.
Procedure
Set Discrete Output Polarity as desired.
Default: Active High
8.4.3 Configure Discrete Output Fault Action
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → I/O Settings → Fault Action
Device Tools → Configuration → I/O → Outputs → Discrete Output → Fault Action
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Channel x → Discrete Output x → DO x Fault Action
Discrete Output Fault Action controls the behavior of a Discrete Output if the transmitter detects a fault condition.
Important
• The fault action is implemented only if Alert Severity is set to Failure. If Alert Severity is set to any other option, the fault action is not implemented.
• For some faults only: If Fault Timeout is set to a non-zero value, the transmitter will not implement the fault action until the timeout has elapsed.
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NOTICE
Do not use Discrete Output Source as a fault indicator. If you do, you may not be able to distinguish a fault condition from a normal operating condition. If you want to use the Discrete Output as a fault indicator, see
Fault indication with a Discrete Output
.
Procedure
Set Discrete Output Fault Action as desired.
Default: None
Options for Discrete Output Fault Action
Label
Upscale
Downscale
Polarity=Active High
•
•
Fault: Discrete Output is ON (24 VDC or site-specific voltage)
No fault: Discrete Output is controlled by its assignment
Discrete Output behavior
Polarity=Active Low
• Fault: Discrete Output is OFF (0 V
• No fault: Discrete Output is controlled by its assignment
• Fault: Discrete Output is OFF (0 V
• No fault: Discrete Output is controlled by its assignment
• Fault: Discrete Output is ON (24 VDC or site-specific voltage)
• No fault: Discrete Output is controlled by its assignment
None (default) Discrete Output is controlled by its assignment
Fault indication with a Discrete Output
To indicate faults via a Discrete Output, set Discrete Output Source to Fault. Then, if a fault occurs, the
Discrete Output is always ON and the setting of Discrete Output Fault Action is ignored.
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9 Configure digital communications
9.1 Configure HART communications
HART communications parameters support HART communications with the transmitter on a Bell 202 physical layer (Channel A).
9.1.1 Configure basic HART parameters
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Time/Date/Tag
Device Tools → Configuration → Communications → Communications (HART)
Configure → Manual Setup → HART → Communications
Basic HART parameters include the HART address, HART tags, and the operation of the primary mA output.
Procedure
1. Set HART Address to a value that is unique on your network.
• Default: 0
• Range: 0 to 63
Tip
• The default address is typically used unless you are a multidrop environment.
• Devices using HART protocol to communicate with the transmitter may use either HART Address ,
HART Tag , or HART Long Tag to identify the transmitter. Configure any or all, as required by your other HART devices.
2. Set HART Tag to a value that is unique on your network.
3. Set HART Long Tag to a value that is unique on your network.
HART Long Tag is supported only by HART 7. If you are using HART 5, you cannot use HART Long Tag to communicate with the transmitter.
4. Ensure that mA Output Action is configured appropriately.
Option
Enabled (Live)
Description
The primary mA output reports process data as configured. This is the appropriate setting for most applications.
The primary mA output is fixed at 4 mA and does not report process data.
Disabled (Fixed)
Important
If you use ProLink III to set HART Address to 0 , the program automatically enables mA Output Action .
If you use ProLink III to set HART Address to any other value, the program automatically disables mA
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Output Action . This is designed to make it easier to configure the transmitter for legacy behavior.
Always verify mA Output Action after setting HART Address .
9.1.2 Configure HART variables (PV, SV, TV, QV)
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel A → HART Settings → HART Variables
Device Tools → Configuration → Communications → Communications (HART) → Variable Assignment
Configure → Manual Setup → Inputs/Outputs → Variable Mapping
The HART variables are a set of four variables predefined for HART use. The HART variables include the
Primary Variable (PV), Secondary Variable (SV), Tertiary Variable (TV), and Quaternary Variable (QV). You can assign specific process variables to the HART variables, and then use standard HART methods to read or broadcast the assigned process data.
Note
The Tertiary Variable and Quaternary Variable are also called the Third Variable (TV) and Fourth Variable (FV).
Restriction
The Primary Variable is always the process variable assigned to mA Output 1 . If you change either of these assignments, the other is changed automatically.
The Secondary Variable and Tertiary Variable are not tied to any outputs. This is different from previous
Micro Motion Coriolis transmitters.
Procedure
Assign variables to the PV, SV, TV, and QV as desired.
Options for HART variables
PV Process variable
Standard
Mass flow rate
Volume flow rate
Gas standard volume flow rate
Temperature
Density
External pressure
External temperature
Totalizers and inventories
Current value of any totalizer
Current value of any inventory
Diagnostics
Velocity ✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
SV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
TV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
QV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
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Process variable
Drive gain
Tube frequency
Meter temperature
Board temperature
Inlet (LPO) amplitude
Outlet (RPO) amplitude
Live zero
PV loop current
% of range
Two-phase flow severity
API referral
Temperature-corrected density
Temperature-corrected (standard) volume flow rate
Average temperature-corrected density
Average temperature
CTPL
Concentration measurement
Density at reference
Specific gravity
Standard volume flow rate
Net mass flow rate
Net volume flow rate
Concentration
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
PV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
SV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
TV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
9.1.3 Configure burst communications
Burst mode is a mode of communication during which the transmitter regularly broadcasts HART digital information to the network via the primary mA output.
QV
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Configure HART burst messages
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel A → HART Settings → Burst Message x
Device Tools → Configuration → Communications → Communications (HART) → Burst Mode
Configure → Manual Setup → HART → Burst Mode
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Burst messages contain information on process variables or transmitter status. You can configure up to three burst messages. Each message can contain different information. Burst messages also provide the mechanism for trigger mode and event notification.
Procedure
1. Navigate to the burst message you want to configure.
2. Enable the burst message.
3. Set Burst Option to the desired content.
Table 9-1: Options for burst message contents
HART command
1
PLII
Source (Primary
Variable)
Label
FC
Primary Variable
2
3
9
33
48
Primary Variable
(Percent Range/Current)
Process Variables/
Current
Read Device Variables with Status
Transmitter Variables
Read Additional
Transmitter Status
Pct Range/Current
Process Vars/Current
Device Variables with
Status
Field Device Vars
Read Additional Device
Status
Description
The transmitter sends the primary variable (PV) in the configured measurement units in each burst message (e.g., 14.0 g/sec, 13.5 g/sec, 12.0 g/sec).
The transmitter sends the PV’s actual mA level and the PV’s percent of range in each burst message
(e.g., 11.0 mA 25%).
The transmitter sends the PV’s actual milliamp reading and the PV, SV, TV, and QV values in measurement units in each burst message (e.g.,
11.8 mA, 50 g/sec, 23 °C, 50 g/sec, 0.0023 g/cm 3 ).
The transmitter sends up to eight user-specified process variables in each burst message.
The transmitter sends four user-specified process variables in each burst message.
The transmitter sends expanded device status information in each burst message.
4. Depending on your choice, select the four or eight user-specified variables for the burst message, or set the HART variables as desired.
Configure HART trigger mode
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Inputs/Outputs → Channel A → HART Settings → Burst Message x → Trigger
Mode
Device Tools → Configuration → Communications → Communications (HART) → Trigger Mode
Configure → Manual Setup → HART → Burst Mode → Burst Message x → Configure Update Rate
Trigger mode uses the burst message mechanism to indicate that a process variable has changed. When trigger mode is implemented, the bursting interval (HART update rate) changes if Primary Variable or
Burst Variable 0 moves above or below the user-specified trigger level. You can set up a different trigger on each burst message.
Prerequisites
Before you can configure trigger mode, the corresponding HART burst message must be enabled.
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Procedure
1. Select the burst message for which you will set up trigger mode.
2. Set Trigger Mode to the type of trigger you want to use.
Option Description
Continuous The burst message is sent at Default Update Rate . The burst interval is not affected by changes in process variables.
Falling • When the specified process variable is above Trigger Level , the burst message is sent at Default Update Rate .
• When the specified process variable is below Trigger Level , the burst message is sent at Update Rate .
Rising • When the specified process variable is below Trigger Level , the burst message is sent at Default Update Rate .
• When the specified process variable is above Trigger Level , the burst message is sent at Update Rate .
Windowed This option is used to communicate that the process variable is changing rapidly.
Trigger Level defines a deadband around the most recently broadcast value.
• If the process variable stays within this deadband, the burst message is sent at
Default Update Rate .
• If the process variable moves outside this deadband in either direction, the burst message is sent at Update Rate .
On Change • If any value in the burst message changes, the burst message is sent at Update Rate .
• If no values change, the burst message is sent at Default Update Rate .
3. Set Trigger Level to the value of the process variable at which the trigger will be activated.
4. Set Default Update Rate (or Base Burst Rate ) to the burst interval to be used when the trigger is not active.
5. Set Update Rate (or Triggered Burst Rate ) to the burst interval to be used when the trigger is active.
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10 Complete the configuration
10.1 Test or tune the system using sensor simulation
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Startup Tasks → Commissioning Tools → Sensor Simulation
Device Tools → Diagnostics → Testing → Sensor Simulation
Service Tools → Simulate → Simulate Sensor
Use sensor simulation to test the system's response to a variety of process conditions, including boundary conditions, problem conditions, or alert conditions, or to tune the loop.
Prerequisites
Before enabling sensor simulation, ensure that your process can tolerate the effects of the simulated process values.
Procedure
1. Enable sensor simulation.
2. For mass flow, set Wave Form as desired and enter the required values.
Option
Fixed
Sawtooth
Sine
Required values
Fixed Value
Period
Minimum
Maximum
Period
Minimum
Maximum
3. For density, set Wave Form as desired and enter the required values.
Option
Fixed
Sawtooth
Sine
Required values
Fixed Value
Period
Minimum
Maximum
Period
Minimum
Maximum
4. For temperature, set Wave Form as desired and enter the required values.
Option
Fixed
Required values
Fixed Value
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Option
Sawtooth
Sine
Required values
Period
Minimum
Maximum
Period
Minimum
Maximum
5. Observe the system response to the simulated values and make any appropriate changes to the transmitter configuration or to the system.
6. Modify the simulated values and repeat.
7. When you have finished testing or tuning, disable sensor simulation.
10.1.1 Sensor simulation
Sensor simulation allows you to test the system or tune the loop without having to create the test conditions in your process. When sensor simulation is enabled, the transmitter reports the simulated values for mass flow, density, and temperature, and takes all appropriate actions. For example, the transmitter might apply a cutoff, activate an event, or post an alert.
When sensor simulation is enabled, the simulated values are stored in the same memory locations used for process data from the sensor. The simulated values are then used throughout transmitter functioning. For example, sensor simulation will affect:
• All mass flow rate, temperature, and density values displayed or reported via outputs or digital communications
• The mass total and mass inventory values
• All volume calculations and data, including reported values, volume totals, and volume inventories
• All mass, temperature, density, or volume values logged to Data Logger
Sensor simulation does not affect any diagnostic values.
Unlike actual mass flow rate and density values, the simulated values are not temperature-compensated
(adjusted for the effect of temperature on the sensor’s flow tubes).
10.2 Enable or disable software write protection
When enabled, Write-Protection prevents changes to the transmitter configuration. You can perform all other functions, and you can view the transmitter configuration parameters.
Write protection is enabled by toggling the physical write protect (dip) switch (identified by a lock icon) located behind the display module.
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Figure 10-1: Write protect (dip) switch behind the display module
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Figure 10-2: Write protect on the display (upper right corner)
You cannot change write protection from any host configuration tool.
Note
Write protecting the transmitter primarily prevents accidental changes to configuration, not intentional changes. Any user who can change the switch can disable write protection.
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11 Transmitter operation
11.1 View process and diagnostic variables
Process variables provide information about the state of the process fluid. Diagnostic variables provide data about device operation. You can use this data to monitor and troubleshoot your process.
11.1.1 View process and diagnostic variables using the display
The display reports the name of the variable (for example, Density ), the current value of the variable, and the associated unit of measure (for example, kg/m 3 ).
Prerequisites
For a process or diagnostic variable to be viewed using the display, it must be configured as a display variable.
Procedure
• If Auto Scroll is not enabled, activate ⇩ or ⇧ to move through the list of display variables.
• If Auto Scroll is enabled, wait until the variable is displayed automatically. If you do not want to wait, you can activate ⇩ or ⇧ to force the display to scroll.
11.1.2 View process variables and other data using ProLink III
Monitor process variables, diagnostic variables, and other data to maintain process quality.
ProLink III automatically displays process variables, diagnostic variables, and other data on the main screen.
Tip
ProLink III allows you to choose the process variables that appear on the main screen. You can also choose whether to view data in Analog Gauge view or digital view, and you can customize the gauge settings. For more information, see the Micro Motion ProLink III with ProcessViz Software User Manual .
11.1.3 View process variables and other data using the Field
Communicator
Monitor process variables, diagnostic variables, and other data to maintain process quality.
Procedure
• To view current values of basic process variables, choose Overview .
• To view a more complete set of process variables, plus the current state of the outputs, choose Service
Tools → Variables .
• To view diagnostic variables, choose Service Tools → Maintenance → Diagnostic Variables .
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11.1.4 Effect of Sensor Flow Direction Arrow on digital communications
Flow rates on the transmitter display or reported via digital communications are shown as positive or negative. The sign depends on the interaction between Sensor Flow Direction Arrow and the actual flow direction.
This interaction affects flow rates shown on the transmitter display, ProLink III, and all other user interfaces.
Actual flow direction
Forward (same direction as Flow arrow on sensor)
Reverse (opposite from
Flow arrow on sensor)
Setting of Sensor Flow
Direction Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
With Arrow
Against Arrow
Transmitter display
Positive (no sign)
Negative
Negative
Positive (no sign)
Flow rate value
Digital communications
Positive
Negative
Negative
Positive
11.2 View and acknowledge status alerts
The transmitter posts a status alert whenever one of the specified conditions occurs. You can view active alerts and you can acknowledge alerts. You do not have to acknowledge alerts: The transmitter will perform normal measurement and reporting functions with unacknowledged alerts.
Related information
View and acknowledge alerts using the display
View and acknowledge alerts using ProLink III
View alerts using the Field Communicator
11.2.1 View and acknowledge alerts using the display
You can view information about all active or unacknowledged alerts, and you can acknowledge alerts.
The display uses the alert banner and the alert symbol ⓘ to provide information about alerts.
Table 11-1: Alert information on display
Display status
Alert banner
Alert symbol ⓘ
Cause
One or more alerts are active.
One or more alerts are unacknowledged.
User action
Resolve the conditions to clear the alert. When the alert is cleared or acknowledged, the banner will be removed.
Acknowledge the alert. When all alerts are acknowledged, the alert icon will be removed.
If alert security is enabled, the alert banner is never displayed. To view detailed information, you must use the alert menu: Menu → (i) Alert List .
Note
Certain alerts do not clear until the transmitter is rebooted.
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Procedure
• If the alert banner appears: a) Activate Info to view information about the alert.
b) Take appropriate steps to clear the alert.
c) Activate Ack to acknowledge the alert.
• If ⓘ appears: a) Choose Menu → (i) Alert List .
b) Select an alert to view more information about the specific alert or to acknowledge it individually.
c) Choose Acknowledge All Alerts to acknowledge all alerts on the list.
Related information
Generate service files
11.2.2 View and acknowledge alerts using ProLink III
You can view a list containing all alerts that are active, or inactive but unacknowledged. From this list, you can acknowledge individual alerts or choose to acknowledge all alerts at once.
Note
Certain alerts do not clear until the transmitter is rebooted.
Procedure
1. View alerts on the ProLink III main screen under Alerts .
All active or unacknowledged alerts are listed. Take appropriate steps to clear all active alerts.
2. To acknowledge a single alert, check the Ack checkbox for that alert. To acknowledge all alerts at once, select Ack All .
Related information
Generate service files
11.2.3 View alerts using the Field Communicator
You can view a list containing all alerts that are active, or inactive but unacknowledged.
Restriction
You cannot use the Field Communicator to acknowledge alerts. You can only view alerts. To acknowledge alerts, use the display or make a connection to the transmitter using a different tool.
Procedure
• To view active or unacknowledged alerts, choose Service Tools → Alerts .
All active alerts and unacknowledged alerts are listed. Select an alert to view detailed information.
• To refresh the list, choose Service Tools → Alerts → Refresh Alerts .
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11.3 Read totalizer and inventory values
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Operations → Totalizers → See Totals
Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers
Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Inventories
Overview → Totalizer Control
Totalizers keep track of the total amount of mass or volume measured by the transmitter since the last totalizer reset. Inventories keep track of the total amount of mass or volume measured by the transmitter since the last inventory reset.
11.4 Start, stop, and reset totalizers and inventories
When a totalizer or inventory is started, its value increases or decreases depending on the interaction of the flow direction parameters. It continues tracking flow until it is stopped.
When a totalizer or inventory is reset, its value is set to 0. You can reset a totalizer or inventory while it is started or while it is stopped.
• You can start, stop, or reset each totalizer or inventory independently.
• You can start, stop, or reset all totalizers and inventories as a group.
11.4.1 Start, stop, and reset totalizers using the display
You can start and stop each totalizer or inventory independently. You can start and stop all totalizers and inventories as a group. You can reset each totalizer or inventory independently. You can reset all totalizers as a group.
When a totalizer or inventory is started, its value increases or decreases depending on the interaction of the flow direction parameters. It continues tracking flow until it is stopped.
When a totalizer or inventory is reset, its value is set to 0. You can reset a totalizer or inventory while it is started or while it is stopped.
Prerequisites
To stop, start, or reset a single totalizer or inventory, the totalizer or inventory must be configured as a display variable.
Procedure
• To start or stop a single totalizer or inventory: a) Wait or scroll until the totalizer or inventory appears on the display.
b) Choose Options .
c) Choose Start or Stop .
• To start or stop all totalizers and inventories as a group: a) Choose Menu → Operations → Totalizers .
b) Choose Start or Stop .
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• To reset a single totalizer or inventory: a) Wait or scroll until the totalizer or inventory appears on the display.
b) Choose Options .
c) Choose Reset .
• To reset all totalizers as a group: a) Choose Menu → Operations → Totalizers .
b) Choose Reset All .
11.4.2 Start, stop, and reset totalizers using ProLink III
Prerequisites
To reset an inventory using ProLink III, this function must be enabled. To enable inventory reset using ProLink
III, choose Tools → Options and enable Reset Inventories from ProLink III . Note that this affects only ProLink
III. Resetting inventories using other tools is not affected.
Procedure
• To start or stop a single totalizer: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers .
b) Scroll to the totalizer that you want to start or stop, and click Start or Stop .
• To start or stop a single inventory: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Inventories .
b) Scroll to the inventory that you want to start or stop, and click Start or Stop .
• To start or stop all totalizers as a group: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers or Device Tools → Totalizer Control →
Inventories .
b) Select Start All Totals or Stop All Totals .
• To reset a single totalizer: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers .
b) Scroll to the totalizer that you want to reset, and click Reset .
• To reset a single inventory: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Inventories .
b) Scroll to the inventory that you want to reset, and click Reset .
• To reset all totalizers as a group: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Totalizers .
b) Select Reset All Totals .
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• To reset all inventories as a group: a) Choose Device Tools → Totalizer Control → Inventories .
b) Select Reset All Inventories .
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12 Measurement support
12.1 Use Smart Meter Verification
™
You can run a Smart Meter Verification test, view and interpret the results, and set up automatic execution.
Related information
Run an Smart Meter Verification test
View Smart Meter Verification test results
Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution
12.1.1 Run a Smart Meter Verification test
Run a Smart Meter Verification test to ensure that your sensor has not experienced any physical or mechanical damage that affects measurement accuracy.
• If Smart Meter Verification results show that the meter has passed, then measurements meet specifications.
• If Smart Meter Verification results show that the meter has failed, measurement may be affected.
• If Smart Meter Verification results show that the meter has aborted, then either a problem occurred with the meter verification test (e.g., process instability) or you stopped the test manually.
Prerequisites
For full capabilities, Smart Meter Verification must be licensed on your transmitter. If no license is active, you can still initiate Smart Meter Verification; you will receive an indication as to whether the meter has passed or failed the Smart Meter Verification run.
Before running Smart Meter Verification for the first time, you must begin a first-time Smart Meter
Verification run to establish the Field Reference Point. The display and other interfaces will prompt you to do so if it has not yet been done.
The Smart Meter Verification test runs best when process conditions are stable. If conditions are too unstable, the test will abort. To maximize process stability:
• Maintain a constant fluid temperature and pressure.
• Stop flow through the sensor.
• Avoid changes to fluid composition, for example, two-phase flow or settling.
If you plan to use a fixed value during the Smart Meter Verification test, ensure that all affected control loops are prepared for the interruption in process measurement. The test will run for approximately 140 seconds.
Run a Smart Meter Verification test using the display
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Use Smart Meter Verification ™
if you have not done so already.
2. Choose Menu → Operations → Smart Meter Verification → Run Verification .
3. Start the first-time Smart Meter Verification run to establish the Field Reference Point.
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4. Select the desired output behavior.
Option
Fix at Last
Measured Value
Fix at Fault
Description
During the test, all outputs will report the last measured value of their assigned process variable. The test will run for approximately
140 seconds.
During the test, all outputs will go to their configured fault action.
The test will run for approximately 140 seconds.
The test starts immediately.
5. Wait for the test to complete.
Tip
At any time during the process, you can abort the test. If the outputs were fixed, they will return to normal behavior.
• When Smart Meter Verification is licensed, results for the test are stored in the transmitter memory. You can view and use these results in any tool-based trending and reporting functions.
• When Smart Meter Verification is not licensed, results from previous tests are saved in a database, but not accessible. A Pass/Fail indication is all that is provided for the current test.
Postrequisites
View the results and take any appropriate actions.
Run a Smart Meter Verification test using ProLink III
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Use Smart Meter Verification ™
if you have not done so already.
2. Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Meter Verification → Run Test .
Tip
If Smart Meter Verification is licensed for the 4200, you can also scroll to the bottom of the ProLink III main screen and choose from the shortcut buttons: Smart Meter Verification Overview → Meter
Verification → Run Verification .
ProLink III automatically compares the contents of its Smart Meter Verification database to the Smart
Meter Verification database on the device, and uploads test data as required. You may need to wait for a few seconds until this process is complete.
3. In the SMV Test Definition window, enter any desired information and click Next .
None of this information is required. It does not affect Smart Meter Verification processing.
ProLink III stores this information in the Smart Meter Verification database on the PC. It is not saved to the transmitter.
4. Select the desired output behavior.
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Option
Fix at Last
Measured Value
Fix at Fault
Description
During the test, all outputs will report the last measured value of their assigned process variable. The test will run for approximately
140 seconds.
During the test, all outputs will go to their configured fault action.
The test will run for approximately 140 seconds.
5. Select Start and wait for the test to complete.
Tip
At any time during the process, you can abort the test. If the outputs were fixed, they will return to normal behavior.
• When Smart Meter Verification is licensed, results for the test are stored in the transmitter memory and in the ProLink III database on the computer that initiated the test. You can view and use these results in any tool-based trending and reporting functions.
• When Smart Meter Verification is not licensed, results from previous tests are saved in a database, but not accessible. A Pass/Fail indication is all that is provided for the current test.
Postrequisites
View the results and take any appropriate actions.
Run a Smart Meter Verification test using the Field Communicator
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Use Smart Meter Verification ™
if you have not done so already.
2. Choose Service Tools → Maintenance → Routine Maintenance → SMV → Manual Verification →
Start .
3. Select the desired output behavior.
Option
Fix at Last
Measured Value
Fix at Fault
Description
During the test, all outputs will report the last measured value of their assigned process variable. The test will run for approximately
140 seconds.
During the test, all outputs will go to their configured fault action.
The test will run for approximately 140 seconds.
The test starts immediately.
4. Wait for the test to complete.
Tip
If the Continuous Measurement option is selected, you cannot abort the meter verification.
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• When Smart Meter Verification is licensed, results for the test are stored in the transmitter memory. You can view and use these results in any tool-based trending and reporting functions.
• When Smart Meter Verification is not licensed, results from previous tests are saved in a database, but not accessible. A Pass/Fail indication is all that is provided for the current test.
Postrequisites
View the results and take any appropriate actions.
12.1.2 View Smart Meter Verification test results
After each Smart Meter Verification test, the pass/fail result is displayed automatically. Detailed results are also available for licensed versions.
Tip
For licensed Smart Meter Verification versions only, when you use the display to view test results, the 20 most recent results are available. If you use ProLink III to view results, you can view results for all tests that are in the
PC database.
Related information
View Smart Meter Verification test results using the display
View Smart Meter Verification test results using ProLink III
View Smart Meter Verification test results using the Field Communicator
View Smart Meter Verification test results using the display
Procedure
• For licensed and unlicensed versions of Smart Meter Verification, results of the current test are displayed automatically.
• For licensed versions of Smart Meter Verification only, to view results of previous tests for this meter: a) Choose Menu → Operations → Smart Meter Verification → Read Verification History .
Pass/Fail results of all tests in the transmitter's Smart Meter Verification database are displayed.
b) To view detailed data for an individual test, select it from the list.
View Smart Meter Verification test results using ProLink III
Procedure
• For licensed and unlicensed versions of Smart Meter Verification, results of the current test are displayed automatically.
• For licensed versions of Smart Meter Verification only, to view results of previous tests for this meter: a) Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Meter Verification → Run Test .
b) In the SMV Test Definition window, select View Previous Test Results .
c) Select Next .
ProLink III displays a report containing details of the most recent test. The report is automatically saved to the Smart Meter Verification database. You can print or export the report.
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Related information
Understanding Smart Meter Verification results
View Smart Meter Verification test results using the Field Communicator
In addition to test results, some Field Communicator brands provide a trend chart.
Procedure
• For licensed and unlicensed versions of Smart Meter Verification, results of the current test are displayed automatically.
• For licensed versions of Smart Meter Verification only, to view detailed results for the current test, choose
Service Tools → Maintenance → Routine Maintenance → SMV → Manual Verification → Most Recent
Test Results .
• For licensed versions of Smart Meter Verification only, to view results of previous tests: a) Choose Service Tools → Maintenance → Routine Maintenance → SMV → Manual Verification .
b) Choose Upload Results Data from Device .
The Field Communicator stores only the most recent test result. To view earlier results, you must upload them from the device. They will be available only for the current session.
c) Choose Show Results Table .
The Field Communicator displays detailed results for the first test.
d) Press OK to move through all test records in the local database.
Related information
Understanding Smart Meter Verification results
Understanding Smart Meter Verification results
When the Smart Meter Verification test is completed, the result is reported as Pass, Fail, or Abort. (Some tools report the Fail result as Advisory instead.)
Pass Smart Meter Verification does a statistical check between the factory baseline value, field reference point, and the current Smart Meter Verification result. Pass indicates that the two values are statistically the same.
Fail The current Smart Meter Verification value is statistically different than the factory baseline value and field reference point.
• If the meter passes the second test, the first result can be ignored.
• If the meter fails the second test, the flow tubes may be damaged or coated. Use your process knowledge to determine the possibilities for damage and the appropriate actions for each. These actions might include removing the meter from service and physically inspecting the tubes. At minimum, you should perform a flow validation and a density calibration.
Abort A problem occurred with the meter verification test (such as process instability) or you stopped the
for a list of abort codes, a description of each code, and possible actions you can take in response.
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Table 12-1: Smart Meter Verification abort codes
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
6
7
4
5
2
3
Code
1
Other
Description
User-initiated abort
SMV Timeout
Pickoff Voltage Low
Temperature unstable
Cal state in progress
Unused
Drive loop AGC reported an amplitude error
High flow (dt) standard deviation
High flow (dt) mean value
State in progress
Verification Complete
Transmitter in fault and SMV cannot run
No factory air verification
No field reference point
Drive frequency drift from carrier frequency
General abort
Recommended actions
None required. Wait 15 seconds before starting another test.
Check status of pickoff and drive coils.
Check status of pickoff and drive coils.
Ensure temperature is stable. Start again.
NOT AVAILABLE
NOT AVAILABLE
Check the status of the pickoff and the drive coils.
Verify there is no flow and start again.
Verify there is no flow and start again.
NOT AVAILABLE
NOT AVAILABLE
View the Alerts present on the device and take any necessary actions to clear them before proceeding.
Perform factory calibration on air.
Perform a field reference point procedure.
Ensure temperature, flow, and density are stable. Start again.
Repeat the test. If the test aborts again, contact customer service.
12.1.3 Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution
You can set up and run a single test at a user-defined future time. You can also set up and run tests automatically on a regular schedule.
Automatic execution of Smart Meter Verification is managed from the transmitter. You do not need a connection from an external configuration tool.
Tip
The time between test runs must be between 1 and 1000 hours. The time to the first test run can be any positive floating number.
Important
Only the 20 most recent Smart Meter Verification results are stored. For Smart Meter Verification Basic versions, the last automatic execution result can be viewed, while all 20 results can be viewed with Smart
Meter Verification licensed. To view or chart these results using an external tool, you must upload them from the transmitter.
Related information
Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using the display
Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using ProLink III
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Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using the Field Communicator
Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using the display
Procedure
1. Choose Menu → Operations → Smart Meter Verification → Schedule Verification .
2. To schedule a single test: a) Set Hours to 1st Run to the number of hours to elapse before the test is run.
b) Set Hours Between to 0 .
3. To schedule a recurring execution: a) Set Hours to 1st Run to the number of hours to elapse before the first test is run.
b) Set Hours Between to the number of hours to elapse between runs.
4. To disable scheduled execution: a) Set Hours to 1st Run to 0 hours .
b) Set Hours Between to 0 hours .
Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using ProLink III
Procedure
1. Select one of the following paths to access the Smart Meter Verification scheduler .
• Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Meter Verification → Schedule Meter Verification .
• Choose Smart Meter Verification Overview → Tools → Schedule Smart Meter Verification .
2. To schedule a single test: a) Set Specify Time Until Next Run to the number of days, hours, and minutes to elapse before the test is run.
b) Set Specify Time Between Recurring Runs to 0 days , 0 hours , and 0 minutes .
3. To schedule a recurring execution: a) Set Specify Time Until Next Run to the number of days, hours, and minutes to elapse before the first test is run.
b) Set Specify Time Between Recurring Runs to the number of days, hours, and minutes to elapse between runs.
4. To disable scheduled execution: a) Set Specify Time Until Next Run to 0 days , 0 hours , and 0 minutes .
b) Set Specify Time Between Recurring Runs to 0 days , 0 hours , and 0 minutes .
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Set up Smart Meter Verification automatic execution using the Field
Communicator
Procedure
1. Choose Service Tools → Maintenance → Routine Maintenance → SMV → Automatic Verification .
2. To schedule a single test: a) Set Hours Until Next Run to the number of hours to elapse before the test is run.
b) Set Recurring Hours to 0 .
3. To schedule a recurring execution: a) Set Specify Time Until Next Run to the number of days, hours, and minutes to elapse before the first test is run.
b) Set Specify Time Between Recurring Runs to the number of days, hours, and minutes to elapse between runs.
4. To disable scheduled execution: a) Set Specify Time Until Next Run to 0 days , 0 hours , and 0 minutes .
b) Set Specify Time Between Recurring Runs to 0 days , 0 hours , and 0 minutes .
12.2 Zero the meter
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Service Tools → Verification & Calibration → Meter Zero → Zero Calibration
Device Tools → Calibration → Smart Zero Verification and Calibration → Calibrate Zero
Service Tools → Maintenance → Calibration → Zero Calibration → Perform Auto Zero
Zeroing the meter establishes a baseline for process measurement by analyzing the sensor's output when there is no flow through the sensor tubes.
Important
In most cases, the factory zero is more accurate than the field zero. Do not zero the meter unless one of the following is true:
• The zero is required by site procedures.
• The stored zero value fails the zero verification procedure.
Prerequisites
Before performing a field zero, execute the Zero Verification procedure to see whether or not a field zero can improve measurement accuracy.
Important
Do not verify the zero or zero the meter if a high-severity alert is active. Correct the problem, then verify the zero or zero the meter. You may verify the zero or zero the meter if a low-severity alert is active.
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Procedure
1. Prepare the meter: a) Allow the meter to warm up for at least 20 minutes after applying power.
b) Run the process fluid through the sensor until the sensor temperature reaches the normal process operating temperature.
c) Stop flow through the sensor by shutting the downstream valve, and then the upstream valve if available.
d) Verify that the sensor is blocked in, that flow has stopped, and that the sensor is completely full of process fluid.
e) Observe the drive gain, temperature, and density readings. If they are stable, check the Live
Zero or Field Verification Zero value. If the average value is close to 0, you should not need to zero the meter.
2. Modify Zero Time , if desired.
Zero Time controls the amount of time the transmitter takes to determine its zero-flow reference point. The default Zero Time is 20 seconds. For most applications, the default Zero Time is appropriate.
3. Start the zero procedure and wait until it completes.
When the calibration is complete:
• If the zero procedure was successful, a Calibration Success message and a new zero value are displayed.
• If the zero procedure failed, a Calibration Failed message is displayed.
Postrequisites
Restore normal flow through the sensor by opening the valves.
Need help?
If the zero fails:
• Ensure that there is no flow through the sensor, then retry.
• Remove or reduce sources of electromechanical noise, then retry.
• Set Zero Time to a lower value, then retry.
• If the zero continues to fail, contact customer service.
• If you want to restore the most recent valid value from transmitter memory:
— Using the display: Menu → Service Tools → Verification and Calibration → Meter Zero → Restore
Zero → Restore Previous Zero
— Using ProLink III: Device Tools → Calibration → Smart Zero Verification and Calibration → Calibrate
Zero → Restore Prior Zero
— Using the Field Communicator: Not available
• If you want to restore the factory zero:
— Using the display: Menu → Service Tools → Verification and Calibration → Meter Zero → Restore
Zero → Restore Factory Zero
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— Using ProLink III: Device Tools → Calibration → Smart Zero Verification and Calibration → Calibrate
Zero → Restore Factory Zero
— Using the Field Communicator: Service Tools → Maintenance → Calibration → Zero Calibration →
Restore Factory Zero
Restriction
Restore the factory zero only if your meter was purchased as a unit, it was zeroed at the factory, and you are using the original components.
Related information
12.2.1 Terminology used with zero verification and zero calibration
Term
Zero
Factory Zero
Field Zero
Prior Zero
Manual Zero
Live Zero
Zero Stability
Zero Calibration
Zero Time
Field Verification Zero
Zero Verification
Definition
In general, the offset required to synchronize the left pickoff and the right pickoff under conditions of zero flow. Unit = microseconds.
The zero value obtained at the factory, under laboratory conditions.
The zero value obtained by performing a zero calibration outside the factory.
The zero value stored in the transmitter at the time a field zero calibration is begun. May be the factory zero or a previous field zero.
The zero value stored in the transmitter, typically obtained from a zero calibration procedure. It may also be configured manually. Also called “mechanical zero” or “stored zero”.
The real-time bidirectional mass flow rate with no flow damping or mass flow cutoff applied. An adaptive damping value is applied only when the mass flow rate changes dramatically over a very short interval. Unit = configured mass flow measurement unit.
A laboratory-derived value used to calculate the expected accuracy for a sensor. Under laboratory conditions at zero flow, the average flow rate is expected to fall within the range defined by the Zero Stability value (0 ± Zero Stability). Each sensor size and model has a unique Zero Stability value. Statistically, 95% of all data points should fall within the range defined by the Zero Stability value.
The procedure used to determine the zero value.
The time period over which the Zero Calibration procedure is performed. Unit = seconds.
A 3-minute running average of the Live Zero value, calculated by the transmitter. Unit = configured mass flow measurement unit.
A procedure used to evaluate the stored zero and determine whether or not a field zero can improve measurement accuracy.
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12.4 Set up pressure compensation
Pressure compensation adjusts process measurement to compensate for the pressure effect on the sensor.
The pressure effect is the change in the sensor’s sensitivity to flow and density caused by the difference between the calibration pressure and the process pressure.
Tip
Not all sensors or applications require pressure compensation. The pressure effect for a specific sensor model can be found in the product data sheet located at www.emerson.com
. If you are uncertain about implementing pressure compensation, contact customer service.
Prerequisites
You will need the flow factor, density factor, and calibration pressure values for your sensor.
• For the flow factor and density factor, see the product data sheet for your sensor.
• For the calibration pressure, see the calibration sheet for your sensor. If the data is unavailable, use 20 psi
(1.38 bar).
You must be able to supply pressure data to the transmitter.
12.4.1 Set up pressure compensation using the display
Procedure
1. Choose Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Pressure .
2. Set Units to the pressure unit used by the external pressure device.
3. Enter Flow Factor for your sensor.
The flow factor is the percent change in the flow rate per PSI. When entering the value, reverse the sign.
Example
If the flow factor is 0.000004 % per PSI, enter −0.000004
% per PSI.
4. Enter Density Factor for your sensor.
The density factor is the change in fluid density, in g/cm 3 sign.
/PSI. When entering the value, reverse the
Example
If the density factor is 0.000006 g/cm 3 /PSI, enter −0.000006
g/cm3/PSI.
5. Set Calibration Pressure to the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated.
The calibration pressure is the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated, and defines the pressure at which there is no pressure effect. If the data is unavailable, enter 20 PSI.
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Postrequisites
Option
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup
1. Set Pressure Source to Poll for External Value.
2. Set Polling Slot to an available slot.
3. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
4. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the temperature device.
Choose Menu → Service Tools → Service Data → View Process Variables and verify the external pressure value.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
12.4.2 Set up pressure compensation using ProLink III
Procedure
1. Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Pressure Compensation .
2. Set Pressure Compensation Status to Enabled.
3. Set Pressure Unit to the unit used by the external pressure device.
4. Enter the Density Factor and Flow Factor for your sensor.
a) Set Process Fluid to Liquid Volume or Gas Standard Volume, as appropriate.
b) Compare the values shown in Recommended Density Factor and Recommended Flow Factor to the values from the product data sheet.
c) To use the recommended values, click Accept Recommended Values .
d) To use different factors, enter your values in the Density Factor and Flow Factor fields.
The density factor is the change in fluid density, in g/cm 3 the sign.
/PSI. When entering the value, reverse
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Example
If the density factor is 0.000006 g/cm 3 /PSI, enter −0.000006
g/cm3/PSI.
The flow factor is the percent change in the flow rate per PSI. When entering the value, reverse the sign.
Example
If the flow factor is 0.000004 % per PSI, enter −0.000004
% per PSI.
5. Set Flow Calibration Pressure to the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated.
The calibration pressure is the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated, and defines the pressure at which there is no pressure effect. If the data is unavailable, enter 20 PSI.
6. Choose the method you will use to supply pressure data, and perform the required setup.
Option
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup a. Set Pressure Source to Poll for External Value.
b. Set Polling Slot to an available slot.
c. Set Polling Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
d. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the temperature device.
Postrequisites
The current pressure value is displayed in the External Pressure field. Verify that the value is correct.
Need help?
If the value is not correct:
• Ensure that the external device and the meter are using the same measurement unit.
• For polling:
— Verify the wiring between the meter and the external device.
— Verify the HART tag of the external device.
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12.4.3 Configure pressure compensation using the Field
Communicator
Procedure
1. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → External Pressure/
Temperature → Pressure .
2. Set Pressure Unit to the unit used by the external pressure device.
3. Enable Pressure Compensation .
4. Set Flow Calibration Pressure to the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated.
The calibration pressure is the pressure at which your sensor was calibrated, and defines the pressure at which there is no pressure effect. If the data is unavailable, enter 20 PSI.
5. Enter Flow Press Factor for your sensor.
The flow factor is the percent change in the flow rate per PSI. When entering the value, reverse the sign.
Example
If the flow factor is 0.000004 % per PSI, enter −0.000004
% per PSI.
6. Enter Density Pressure Factor for your sensor.
The density factor is the change in fluid density, in g/cm 3 sign.
/PSI. When entering the value, reverse the
Example
If the density factor is 0.000006 g/cm 3 /PSI, enter −0.000006
g/cm 3 /PSI.
7. Choose the method to be used to supply pressure data, and perform the required setup.
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Method
Polling
Description
The meter polls an external device for pressure data.
Setup a. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
Pressure .
b. Set Pressure Compensation to Enable.
c. Choose Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements →
Optional Setup → External Pressure/Temperature →
External Polling .
d. Choose an unused polling slot.
e. Set Poll Control to Poll as Primary or Poll as Secondary.
Option
Poll as Primary
Description
No other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
Poll as Secondary Other HART masters will be on the network. The Field Communicator is not a HART master.
f. Set External Device Tag to the HART tag of the external pressure device.
g. Set Polled Variable to Pressure.
12.5 Validate the meter
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Mass Flow Settings → Meter
Factor
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow Variables → Volume Flow Settings → Meter
Factor
Menu → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Meter Factor
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Mass Flow Rate Meter Factor
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Flow → Volume Flow Rate Meter Factor
Device Tools → Configuration → Process Measurement → Density → Density Meter Factor
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Mass Factor
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Flow → Volume Factor
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Density → Density Factor
Meter validation compares flow meter measurements reported by the transmitter to an external measurement standard. If the transmitter value for mass flow, volume flow, or density measurement is significantly different from the external measurement standard, you may want to adjust the corresponding meter factor. The flow meter’s actual measurement is multiplied by the meter factor, and the resulting value is reported and used in further processing.
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Prerequisites
Identify the meter factor(s) that you will calculate and set. You may set any combination of the three meter factors: mass flow, volume flow, and density. Note that all three meter factors are independent:
• The meter factor for mass flow affects only the value reported for mass flow.
• The meter factor for density affects only the value reported for density.
• The meter factor for volume flow affects only the value reported for volume flow or gas standard volume flow.
Important
To adjust volume flow, you must set the meter factor for volume flow. Setting a meter factor for mass flow and a meter factor for density will not produce the desired result. The volume flow calculations are based on original mass flow and density values, before the corresponding meter factors have been applied.
If you plan to calculate the meter factor for volume flow, be aware that validating volume in the field may be expensive, and the procedure may be hazardous for some process fluids. Therefore, because volume is inversely proportional to density, an alternative to direct measurement is to calculate the meter factor for volume flow from the meter factor for density. See
Alternate method for calculating the meter factor for volume flow
for instructions on this method.
Obtain a reference device (external measurement device) for the appropriate process variable.
Important
For good results, the reference device must be highly accurate.
Procedure
1. Determine the meter factor as follows: a) Use the flow meter to take a sample measurement.
b) Measure the same sample using the reference device.
c) Calculate the meter factor using the following formula:
NewMeterFactor = ConfiguredMeterFactor ×
ReferenceMeasurement
FlowmeterMeasurement
2. Ensure that the calculated meter factor does not fall outside 0.98 and 1.02. If the meter factor is outside these limits, contact customer service.
3. Configure the meter factor in the transmitter.
Calculating the meter factor for mass flow
The flow meter is installed and validated for the first time. The mass flow measurement from the transmitter is 250.27 lb. The mass flow measurement from the reference device is 250 lb. The mass flow meter factor is calculated as follows:
MeterFlow
MassFlow
The first meter factor for mass flow is 0.9989.
One year later, the flow meter is validated again. The mass flow measurement from the transmitter is
250.07 lb. The mass flow measurement from the reference device is 250.25 lb. The new mass flow meter factor is calculated as follows:
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MeterFlow
MassFlow
The new meter factor for mass flow is 0.9996.
12.5.1 Alternate method for calculating the meter factor for volume flow
The alternate method for calculating the meter factor for volume flow is used to avoid the difficulties that may be associated with the standard method.
This alternate method is based on the fact that volume is inversely proportional to density. It provides partial correction of the volume flow measurement by adjusting for the portion of the total offset that is caused by the density measurement offset. Use this method only when a volume flow reference is not available, but a density reference is available.
Procedure
1. Calculate the meter factor for density, using the standard method.
2. Calculate the meter factor for volume flow from the meter factor for density:
MeterFactor
Volume =
1
MeterFactorDensity
The following equation is mathematically equivalent to the first equation. You may use whichever version you prefer.
MeterFactor
Volume =
ConfiguredMeterFactor
Density ×
DensityFlowmeter
DensityReferenceDevice
3. Ensure that the calculated meter factor does not fall outside 0.98 and 1.02. If the meter factor is outside these limits, contact customer service.
4. Configure the meter factor for volume flow in the transmitter.
12.6 Perform a (standard) D1 and D2 density calibration
Density calibration establishes the relationship between the density of the calibration fluids and the signal produced at the sensor. Density calibration includes the calibration of the D1 (low-density) and D2 (highdensity) calibration points.
Important
Micro Motion flow meters are calibrated at the factory, and normally do not need to be calibrated in the field.
Calibrate the flow meter only if you must do so to meet regulatory requirements. Contact customer support before calibrating the flow meter.
Tip
Use meter validation and meter factors, rather than calibration, to prove the meter against a regulatory standard or to correct measurement error.
Prerequisites
• During density calibration, the sensor must be completely filled with the calibration fluid, and flow through the sensor must be at the lowest rate allowed by your application. This is usually accomplished by closing the shutoff valve downstream from the sensor, then filling the sensor with the appropriate fluid.
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• D1 and D2 density calibration require a D1 (low-density) fluid and a D2 (high-density) fluid. You may use air and water.
• If LD Optimization is enabled on your meter, disable it. To do this using the Field Communicator, choose
Configure → Manual Setup → Measurements → Optional Setup → LD Optimization . LD Optimization is used only with large sensors in hydrocarbon applications. If you are not using the Field Communicator, contact Micro Motion before continuing.
• The calibrations must be performed without interruption, in the order shown. Make sure that you are prepared to complete the process without interruption.
• Before performing the calibration, record your current calibration parameters. You can do this by saving the current configuration to a file on the PC. If the calibration fails, restore the known values.
12.6.1 Perform a D1 and D2 density calibration using the display
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Perform a (standard) D1 and D2 density calibration if you have not already
done so.
2. Close the shutoff valve downstream from the sensor.
3. Fill the sensor with the D1 fluid and allow the sensor to achieve thermal equilibrium.
4. Choose Menu → Service Tools → Verification and Calibration → Density Calibration .
5. Perform the D1 calibration.
a) Choose D1 (Air) .
b) Enter the density of your D1 fluid.
c) Choose Start Calibration .
d) Wait for the calibration to complete.
e) Choose Finished .
6. Fill the sensor with the D2 fluid and allow the sensor to achieve thermal equilibrium.
7. Perform the D2 calibration.
a) Choose D2 (Water) .
b) Enter the density of your D2 fluid.
c) Choose Start Calibration .
d) Wait for the calibration to complete.
e) Choose Finished .
8. Open the shutoff valve.
Postrequisites
If you disabled LD Optimization before the calibration procedure, re-enable it.
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12.6.2 Perform a D1 and D2 density calibration using ProLink III
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Perform a (standard) D1 and D2 density calibration if you have not already
done so.
2. See the following figure.
Postrequisites
If you disabled LD Optimization before the calibration procedure, re-enable it.
12.6.3 Perform a D1 and D2 density calibration using the Field
Communicator
Procedure
1. Read the Prerequisites in
Perform a (standard) D1 and D2 density calibration if you have not already
done so.
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2. See the following figure.
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Postrequisites
If you disabled LD Optimization before the calibration procedure, re-enable it.
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13 Maintenance
13.1 Install a new transmitter license
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Service Tools → License Manager
Device Tools → Configuration → Feature License
Overview → Device Information → Licenses
Whenever you purchase additional features or request a trial license, you must install a new transmitter license. The new license makes the new features available on your transmitter. For concentration measurement and API referral, you may still need to enable the application.
Prerequisites
You must have a license file provided by Micro Motion:
• perm.lic
: Permanent license file
• temp.lic
: Temporary license file
Note
Manually enter the 20-character license key into either the display, ProLink III, or the Field Communicator because it cannot be loaded directly into the device.
Procedure
• To install a license using the display: a) Choose Menu → Service Tools → License Manager .
Choose either Enter Permanent License or Enter Trial License b) Use the arrow keys to enter the license key.
• To install a license using ProLink III: a) Open the license file.
b) Choose Device Tools → Configuration → Feature License .
c) Copy the license from the file to the appropriate License Key field.
• To install a license using the Field Communicator: a) Choose Overview → Device Information → Licenses → Upload License .
b) Select the license feature to upload, Permanent Feature or Temporary Feature.
c) Write the license key.
The features supported by the new license are displayed.
If you installed a temporary license, the transmitter will revert to its original feature set when the license period has expired. To purchase a feature for permanent use, contact customer support.
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Postrequisites
If you installed a permanent license, update the options model code to match the new license. The options model code represents the installed features.
13.2 Reboot the transmitter
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Menu → Service Tools → Reboot Transmitter
Not available
Service Tools → Maintenance → Reset/Restore → Device Reset
For certain configuration changes to take effect, the transmitter must be rebooted. You must also reboot the transmitter in order to clear certain status alerts.
Rebooting the transmitter has the same effect as power-cycling the transmitter.
Prerequisites
Follow appropriate procedures to select the appropriate time for rebooting the transmitter. The reboot typically takes about 10 seconds.
Postrequisites
Check the transmitter clock. During the reboot, the transmitter clock is powered by the battery, therefore the transmitter clock and all timestamps should be accurate. If the transmitter clock is not correct, the battery may need replacement.
13.3 Battery replacement
The transmitter contains a battery that is used to power the clock when the transmitter is not powered up.
Users cannot service or replace the battery. If the battery requires replacement, contact customer support.
If the battery is non-functional and the transmitter is powered down, then powered up, the clock will restart from the time of the power-down. All timestamps will be affected. You can correct the issue by resetting the transmitter clock. For a permanent resolution, the battery must be replaced.
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14 Log files, history files, and service files
14.1 Generate history log files
Display
ProLink III
Field Communicator
Not available
Device Tools → File Transfer → Download Historical Files
Not available
The transmitter automatically saves historical data of several types, including Smart Meter Verification test results, and totalizer values. To access the historical data, you can generate a log file, then view it on your PC.
Prerequisites
Due to power limitations, there is a situation where the 4200 cannot store all the historian data. The power limitation occurs when the milliamp current drops below 11 milliamps for more than 2 days. For example, if the milliamp output was configured for 4 mA = zero flow, and 20 mA = full scale, and the meter with the 4200 transmitter sat idle (zero flow) for more than two days, then it would not record new fast data (the old fast data would still be available). The slow data that is between 6 days old and 14 days old would “freeze”, i.e. not update. As long as there was some activity (flow > 11 mA) for at least one minute every two days, all data will be recorded and available for download.
If you want to generate a totalizer history log, you must have previously configured the transmitter to record totalizer history. Totalizer history is not saved automatically.
Procedure
1.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, do not remove the housing cover while the transmitter is powered up. Failure to follow these instructions can cause an explosion resulting in injury or death.
If you are using the transmitter display, open the wiring compartment and insert the RS-485 adapter into the appropriate connections.
2. Select the type of log file that you want to generate.
3. If you selected historian data (process and diagnostic variables): a) Set the date and time for the first entry in the historian log file.
b) Set the number of days that the log file will include.
c) Select the record type.
Option
10 Second Raw Data
5 Min Average Data
Description
The current values of process and diagnostic variables, recorded at 10-second intervals.
The minimum and maximum values of the 1-second raw data over the last
5 minutes, plus the average and the standard deviation, recorded at 5-minute intervals.
The system provides an estimated file size or transfer time.
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4. Specify the location where the log file will be saved.
• If you are using ProLink III, the log file is written to a folder on your PC.
The log file is written to the specified location. File names are assigned as follows:
• Historian files: The file name is based on the transmitter tag, the starting date of the log contents, and the record type. The record type is shown as F or S:
— F=Fast, for 10-second raw data
— S=Slow, for 5-minute average data
• SMV files:
— SmvLast20Data.csv
— SmvLongTermData.csv
• Totalizer history files: TotLog.txt
14.2 Totalizer history and log
You can configure the transmitter to save totalizer and inventory values at a user-specified interval. You can then generate a totalizer log. The totalizer log is a ASCII file.
Contents of totalizer log
The totalizer log contains one record for each logged totalizer or inventory value. Each record contains the following information:
• Default totalizer or inventory name (user-specified names are not used)
• Value and measurement unit
• Timestamp
— Format: Military time
— Time and time zone: Transmitter clock
The totalizer log also contains a line item for each totalizer or inventory reset.
Totalizer history and power-cycles
If the transmitter is rebooted or power-cycled, totalizer history is not affected.
Totalizer history and configuration files
If you restore the factory configuration or upload a configuration file, totalizer history is not affected.
Totalizer log
================================================================================
Device UID: 22729F1F Device Tag: SUPPLY
Name Value Units Time Zone: GMT-7.00
================================================================================
Mass Fwd Total 61.74707
grams 9/12/2019 20:00
Mass Fwd Inv 61.74705
grams 9/12/2019 20:00
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Mass Fwd Total
Mass Fwd Inv
Mass Fwd Total
Mass Fwd Inv
Mass Fwd Total
Mass Fwd Inv
Mass Fwd Total
Mass Fwd Inv
…
61.74707
61.74705
61.74707
61.74705
61.74707
61.74705
61.74707
61.74705
Note
The totalizer history displays only in English.
grams grams grams grams grams grams grams grams
9/12/2019 21:00
9/12/2019 21:00
9/12/2019 22:00
9/12/2019 22:00
9/12/2019 23:00
9/12/2019 23:00
9/13/2019 0:00
9/13/2019 0:00
14.3 Generate service files
The transmitter automatically saves several types of service data that is useful in troubleshooting, device maintenance, and administration. You can view the data by generating a service file, using ProLink III to download it to your PC, and using your PC to open the file.
Prerequisites
You must have an RS-485 adapter to use with your Factory Use Only port in non-hazardous areas.
Procedure
1.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, do not remove the housing cover while the transmitter is powered up. Failure to follow these instructions can cause an explosion resulting in injury or death.
Open the wiring compartment on the transmitter and connect the RS-485 adapter to the Factory Use
Only port.
2. From ProLink III, choose Device Tools → File Transfer → Download Service Files .
3. Select the service file that you want to generate.
Service file
Audit Trail
Alarm History
Historian: 2 Days
Description
All changes to configuration, including changes made by procedures such as zero calibration or density calibration.
All occurrences of alerts and conditions, independent of alert severity.
Values of selected process and diagnostic variables for the last two days, recorded at 10-second intervals.
File name
ConfgAuditLog.txt
AlertLog.txt
Concatenated from transmitter tag and date
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Service file
Service Snapshot
Assert Log
Description
An ASCII file containing a snapshot of the transmitter's internal database. This file is used by customer service.
A troubleshooting file used by customer service.
File name service.dump
AssertLog.txt
4. Specify the folder on your PC where the log file will be saved.
14.3.1 Alert history and log
The transmitter automatically saves information about all alert occurrences to its working memory. The alert history log is an ASCII file.
Contents of alert history
The alert history in the transmitter's working memory contains the 1000 most recent alert records. Each alert record contains the following information:
• Name of alert or condition
• Category:
— F=Failure
— FC=Function Check
— M=Maintenance Required
— OOS=Out of Specification
— I=Ignore
• Action:
— Active=Transition from inactive to active
— Inactive=Transition from active to inactive
— Toggling=More than 2 transitions in the last 60 seconds
• Timestamp
— Format: Military time
— Time and time zone: Transmitter clock
— Not displayed if Action=Toggling
Alert history and power-cycles
If the transmitter is rebooted or power-cycled, the 20 most recent records in alert history are retained in the transmitter's working memory. All earlier records are cleared from working memory.
Alert history and configuration files
If you restore the factory configuration or upload a configuration file, alert history is not affected.
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Alert history log
[105]
[105]
[100]
[110]
…
[035]
[100]
[110]
[100]
[110]
================================================================================
Device UID: 22729F1F Device Tag: SUPPLY
Name Cat Action Time Zone: GMT-7.00
================================================================================
[100] MAO1 Saturated OOS Toggling
[110]
[105]
[105]
FO1 Saturated
Two-Phase Flow
Two-Phase Flow
OOS
OOS
OOS
Toggling
Inactive
Toggling
15/SEP/2019 16:33:30
SMV Aborted
MAO1 Saturated
FO1 Saturated
MAO1 Saturated
FO1 Saturated
Two-Phase Flow
Two-Phase Flow
MAO1 Saturated
FO1 Saturated
M
OOS
OOS
OOS
OOS
OOS
OOS
OOS
OOS
Active
Active
Active
Toggling
Toggling
Inactive
Toggling
Inactive
Inactive
15/SEP/2019 16:33:44
15/SEP/2019 16:34:23
15/SEP/2019 16:34:23
15/SEP/2019 16:34:23
15/SEP/2019 16:35:48
15/SEP/2019 16:35:48
Note
The alert history displays only in English.
14.3.2 Configuration audit history and log
The transmitter automatically saves information about all configuration events to its working memory. The configuration audit log is an ASCII file.
Contents of configuration audit log
The configuration audit log contains a record for every change to transmitter configuration, including changes resulting from zero calibration, density calibration, etc. Each record contains:
• Modbus location in transmitter memory
— C nnn =Coil
— R nnn =Register
— R nnn xxx =Array, indexed by register xxx
• Name of Modbus location
• Original value
• New value
• Measurement unit, if applicable
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• Timestamp
— Format: Military time
— Time and time zone: Transmitter clock
• Host or protocol from which the change was made
Configuration audit history and power-cycles
If the transmitter is power-cycled or rebooted, the event is logged in the configuration audit history. Earlier records are not affected.
Configuration audit history and configuration files
If you restore the factory configuration or upload a configuration file, the event is logged in the configuration audit history. Earlier records are not affected.
Configuration audit log
====================================================================================
Device UID: 22729F1F
Device Tag: SUPPLY
Addr Name Old Value New Value Unit Time Zone:
GMT-7:00
Host
====================================================================================
C167 SYS_CfgFile_Re 0 1 09/SEP/2019
11:35:11
Display
C167 SYS_CfgFile_Re 0 0 Other
1167 IO_ChannelB_As 10 4
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
Other
351 SNS_API2540Tab 81 100 Other
40
44
14
1180
SNS_DensityUni
SNS_PressureUn
FO_1_Source
MAI_Source
91
6
0
251
92
12
5
55
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
Other
Other
Other
Other
275
4961
68
159
MAI_mA20Var
FO_2_Source
SYS_Tag
SNS_K1
0
0
FT-0000
1606.9
250.0
5
SUPPLY
1606.4
°C 09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
Other
Other
Other
Other
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161
163
…
SNS_K2
SNS_DensityTem
1606.9
5.66
7354
4.44
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
09/SEP/2019
11:35:12
Other
Other
Note
The configuration audit log displays only in English.
14.3.3 Assert history and log
The transmitter automatically saves information about all asserts. You can generate an assert log for use by customer service. The assert log is an ASCII file.
Contents of assert log
The assert history contains the 25 most recent asserts. An assert is an unusual event in the transmitter firmware that may indicate an error or malfunction. A list of asserts can be useful for troubleshooting by customer service. The assert log is not designed for customer use.
Assert history and power-cycles
Assert history is not affected by reboots or power-cycles.
Assert history and configuration files
If you restore the factory configuration or upload a configuration file, assert history is not affected.
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15 Troubleshooting
15.1 Overview
This chapter describes guidelines and procedures for troubleshooting the flow meter. The information in this chapter will enable you to:
• Categorize the problem
• Determine whether you are able to correct the problem
• Take corrective measures (if possible)
• Contact the appropriate support agency
Note
All ProLink III procedures provided in this section assume that your computer is already connected to the transmitter and you have established communication. All ProLink III procedures also assume that you are complying with all applicable safety requirements. For more information, see
Using ProLink III with the transmitter
.
Note
All Communicator key sequences in this section assume that you are starting from the Online menu. For more information, see
Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter .
15.2 Status alerts, causes, and recommendations
The following alerts apply to the 4200 2-wire transmitter. Numbered alerts are presented in numerical order, followed by unnumbered alerts in alphabetical order.
15.2.1 [001] EEPROM Checksum Error (Core Processor)
Alert
Checksum Error
Cause
An uncorrectable checksum mismatch has been detected.
Recommended actions
1. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
2. Contact customer service.
15.2.2 [003] Sensor Failed
Alert
Sensor Failed
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Cause
The pickoff amplitude is too low.
Recommended actions
1. Check the drive gain and the pickoff voltage.
2. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
.
4. Check the integrity of the sensor tubes.
5. Ensure that the sensor is completely full or completely empty.
6. Replace the sensor.
7. Contact customer service.
15.2.3 [004] Temperature Sensor Out of Range
Alert
Sensor Failed
Cause
The value computed for the resistance of the line RTD is outside limits.
Recommended actions
1. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter. Refer to
Check sensor to transmitter wiring .
2. Verify that the process temperature is within range of the sensor and the transmitter.
.
4. Check the feedthrough pins. Contact customer service for assistance. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
5. Contact customer service.
15.2.4 [005] Mass Flow Rate Overrange
Alert
Extreme Primary Purpose Variable
Cause
The measured flow is outside the sensor's flow limits.
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
2. Verify that the transmitter is configured correctly for the connected sensor.
3. Check for two-phase flow.
Refer to Check for two-phase flow (slug flow) .
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4. Contact customer service.
15.2.5 [006] Transmitter Not Characterized Not Configured
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Combination of 020 and 021.
Recommended actions
1. Check the characterization. Specifically, verify the FCF and K1 values. Refer to Characterize the meter (if required) .
2. Contact customer service.
15.2.6 [008] Density Overrange
Alert
Extreme Primary Purpose Variable
Cause
The measured density is above 10 g/cm 3 .
Recommended actions
1. If other alerts are present, resolve those alert conditions first.
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Verify that the transmitter is configured correctly for the connected sensor.
4. Check for two-phase flow.
5. Verify all of the characterization or calibration parameters.
See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
6. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
7. Check the drive gain and the pickoff voltage.
8. Perform Smart Meter Verification.
9. Contact customer service.
15.2.7 [009] Transmitter Initializing/ Warming Up
Alert
Transmitter Initializing
Cause
The transmitter is in power-up mode.
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Recommended actions
1. Allow the meter to complete its power-up sequence. The alert should clear automatically.
2. If the alert does not clear: a) Verify that the tubes are full of process fluid.
b) Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
15.2.8 [010] Calibration Failed
Alert
Function Check Failed or Smart Meter Verification Aborted
Cause
The calibration failed.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that your calibration procedure meets the documented requirements.
2. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter.
3. Retry the procedure.
15.2.9 [011] Excess Calibration Correction, Zone too Low
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Refer to 010.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that there is no flow through the sensor, then retry.
2. Power-cycle the flow meter, then retry.
3. If appropriate, restore the factory zero to return the flow meter to operation.
15.2.10 [012] Excess Calibration Correction Zero too High
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Refer to 010.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that there is no flow through the sensor, then retry.
2. Power-cycle the flow meter, then retry.
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3. If appropriate, restore the factory zero to return the flow meter to operation.
15.2.11 [013] Process too Noisy to perform Auto Zero
Alert
Noisy Process
Cause
Similar to 010.
Recommended actions
1. Remove or reduce sources of electromechanical noise, then retry. Sources of noise include:
• Mechanical pumps
• Pipe stress at sensor
• Electrical interference
• Vibration effects from nearby machinery
2. Reboot or power-cycle the flow meter to see if the alert clears.
3. If appropriate, restore the factory zero to return the flow meter to operation.
15.2.12 [014] Transmitter Failed Not Configured
Alert
Transmitter Initializing
Cause
Many possible causes.
Recommended actions
1. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
2. Contact customer service.
15.2.13 [016] Sensor Temperature (RTD) Failure
Alert
Sensor Failed
Cause
The value computed for the resistance of the line RTD is outside limits.
Recommended actions
1. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
a) Refer to the installation manual and ensure that the wiring has been performed according to instructions. Obey all applicable safety messages.
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c) Perform RTD resistance checks and check for shorts to case. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
d) Check the continuity of all wires from the transmitter to the sensor.
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Check the feedthrough pins. Contact customer service for assistance. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
4. Check the junction box for moisture, corrosion, or verdigris.
5. Contact customer service.
15.2.14 [017] Sensor Case Temperature (RTD) Failure
Alert
Sensor Failed
Cause
The values computed for the resistance of the meter and case RTDs are outside limits.
Recommended actions
1. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
a) Refer to the installation manual and ensure that the wiring has been performed according to instructions. Obey all applicable safety messages.
b) Verify that the wires are making good contact with the terminals.
c) Perform RTD resistance checks and check for shorts to case. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
d) Check the continuity of all wires from the transmitter to the sensor.
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Contact customer service.
15.2.15 [018] EEPROM Error (Transmitter)
Alert
Electronics Failed
Cause
There is an internal memory problem with the transmitter. This alert will not clear until you reboot or powercycle the transmitter.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that all wiring compartment covers are installed correctly.
2. Ensure that all transmitter wiring meets specifications and that all cable shields are properly terminated.
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3. Check the drain wires.
a) Verify the drain wires from the 9-wire cable are properly landed.
b) Verify that the drain wires are landed outside the junction box.
c) If the drain wires are landed inside the junction box, cover them by the foil shield for their full length until they land under the ground screw.
4. Ensure that all meter components are grounded properly.
5. Evaluate the environment for sources of high electromagnetic interference (EMI) and relocate the transmitter or wiring as necessary.
6. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
7. If the alert persists, replace the transmitter.
15.2.16 [019] RAM Error
Alert
Electronics Failed
Cause
There is a ROM checksum mismatch in the transmitter or the RAM address location cannot be written in the transmitter. This alert will not clear until you reboot or power cycle the transmitter.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that all wiring compartment covers are installed correctly.
2. Ensure that all transmitter wiring meets specifications and that all cable shields are properly terminated.
3. Check the drain wires.
a) Verify the drain wires from the 9-wire cable are properly landed.
b) Verify that the drain wires are landed outside the junction box.
c) If the drain wires are landed inside the junction box, cover them by the foil shield for their full length until they land under the ground screw.
4. Ensure that all meter components are grounded properly.
5. Evaluate the environment for sources of high electromagnetic interference (EMI) and relocate the transmitter or wiring as necessary.
6. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
7. If the alert persists, replace the transmitter.
15.2.17 [020] Calibration Factors Missing
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Some calibration factors have not been entered or are incorrect.
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Recommended actions
1. Verify characterization parameters (specifically Flow Cal Factor and K1 values). Refer to
Characterize the meter (if required) .
2. Verify the setting of the Sensor Type parameter.
3. If Sensor Type = Curved Tube, ensure that no parameters specific to Straight Tube have been set.
4. Check the feedthrough pins. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
Contact customer service for assistance.
5. Check the junction box for moisture, corrosion, or verdigris.
6. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
15.2.18 [021] Incorrect Sensor Type
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Transmitter verification of sensor circuits and characterization has produced a discrepancy. The transmitter cannot operate the sensor.
Recommended actions
1. Verify the setting of the Sensor Type parameter.
2. Verify characterization parameters (specifically Flow Cal Factor and K1 values). Refer to
Characterize the meter (if required) .
3. Contact customer service.
15.2.19 [029] Internal Communication Failure Incompatible or PIC
Daughterboard Communication Failure
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Transmitter electronics failure.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that the correct board is installed.
2. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
3. If the alert persists, replace the transmitter.
4. Contact customer service.
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15.2.20 [030] Incorrect Board Type
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
The firmware or configuration loaded in the transmitter is incompatible with the board type.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that the correct board is installed.
2. If this alarm occurred in conjunction with an effort to load a configuration into the transmitter, confirm that the transmitter is of the same model as the one the configuration came from.
3. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
4. If the problem persists, contact customer service.
15.2.21 [033] Insufficient Pickoff Signal
Alert
Tube Not Full
Cause
The signal from the sensor pickoffs is insufficient for operation .
Recommended actions
1. Check for two-phase flow.
2. Check the sensor tubes for plugging or coating.
3. Check for fluid separation by monitoring the density value and comparing the results against expected density values.
4. Ensure that the sensor orientation is appropriate for your application. Settling from a two-phase or three-phase fluid can cause this alert even if the flow tubes are full.
15.2.22 [034] Smart Meter Verification Failed
Alert
Function Check Failed or Smart Meter Verification Aborted
Cause
The current Smart Meter Verification value is statistically different than the factory baseline value.
Recommended actions
Minimize process instability and repeat the test.
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15.2.23 [035] Smart Meter Verification Aborted
Alert
Function Check Failed or Smart Meter Verification Aborted
Cause
The Smart Meter Verification test did not complete, possibly because it was manually aborted or because process conditions were too unstable.
Recommended actions
1. Minimize process instability and repeat the test.
2. Check the Smart Meter Verification abort code and take appropriate steps.
3. Contact customer service.
15.2.24 [100] mA Output 1 Saturated
Alert
Output Saturated
Cause
The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
Recommended actions
1. Check the settings of Upper Range Value and Lower Range Value .
Refer to Configure Lower Range Value (LRV) and Upper Range Value (URV) for the mA Output .
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Ensure that both devices are using the same measurement unit.
4. Purge the sensor tubes.
15.2.25 [101] mA Output 1 Fixed
Alert
Output Fixed
Cause
One of the following conditions have occurred:
• The HART address is set to a non-zero value
• A loop test is running
• The output is configured to send a constant value ( mA Output Action or Loop Current Mode )
Recommended actions
1. Check the HART address and mA Output Action , or Loop Current Mode .
2. Check to see if a loop test is in process (the output is fixed).
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3. Exit the mA output trim, if applicable.
15.2.26 [102] Drive Overrange
Alert
Drive Over-Range
Cause
The drive power (current/ voltage) is at its maximum.
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
2. Check for air in the flow tubes, tubes not filled, foreign material in the tubes, coating in the tubes, or other process problems.
3. Verify that the tubes are full of process fluid.
4. Check the drive gain and the pickoff voltage.
Refer to Check the drive gain and
5. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
Refer to Check for internal electrical problems .
6. Ensure that the sensor orientation is appropriate for your application.
Settling from a two-phase or three-phase fluid can cause this alert even if the flow tubes are full.
15.2.27 [104] Calibration in Progress
Alert
Function Check in Progress
Cause
A calibration is running.
Recommended actions
Allow the test to complete.
15.2.28 [105] Two-Phase Flow
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The line density is outside the user-defined two-phase flow limits.
Recommended actions
1. Check for two-phase flow.
Refer to Configure Lower Range Value (LRV) and Upper Range Value (URV) for the mA Output .
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2. Verify that the transmitter is configured correctly for the connected sensor.
15.2.29 [106] Burst Mode Enabled AI or AO Simulate Active
Alert
Burst Mode
Cause
The device is in HART burst mode.
Recommended actions
1. No action required.
2. If desire, reconfigure the alarm severity to ignore.
15.2.30 [107] Power Reset Occurred
Alert
Power
Cause
The transmitter has been restarted.
Recommended actions
1. No action required.
2. If desire, reconfigure the alarm severity to ignore.
15.2.31 [110] Frequency Output 1 Saturated
Alert
Output Saturated
Cause
The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
Recommended actions
1. Check the scaling of the Frequency Output.
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Ensure that both devices are using the same measurement unit.
4. Purge the sensor tubes.
15.2.32 [111] Frequency Output 1 Fixed
Alert
Output Fixed
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Cause
The output is configured to send a constant value. A loop test may be in progress.
Recommended actions
Check to see if a loop test is in process (the output is fixed).
15.2.33 [113] mA Output 2 Saturated
Alert
Output Saturated
Cause
The calculated output value is outside the range of the output.
Recommended actions
1. Check the settings of Upper Range Value and Lower Range Value .
Refer to Configure Lower Range Value (LRV) and Upper Range Value (URV) for the mA Output .
2. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
3. Ensure that both devices are using the same measurement unit.
4. Purge the sensor tubes.
15.2.34 [114] mA Output 2 Fixed
Alert
Output Fixed
Cause
The output is configured to send a constant value. A loop test may be in progress.
Recommended actions
1. Check to see if a loop test is in process (the output is fixed).
2. Exit the mA Output trim, if applicable.
15.2.35 [115] External Input Error
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The connection to an external measurement device has failed. No external data is available.
Recommended actions
1. Verify that the external device is operating correctly.
2. Verify the wiring between the transmitter and the external device.
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15.2.36 [116] Temperature Overrange (API referral)
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The line temperature is outside the range of the API table.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that process temperature is within the range of the API table.
2. Verify the configuration of the API referral application and related parameters.
15.2.37 [117] Density Overrange (API referral)
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The line density is outside the range of the API table.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that process density is within the range of the API table.
2. Verify the configuration of the API referral application and related parameters.
15.2.38 [118] Discrete Output 1 Fixed
Alert
Output Fixed
Cause
The output is configured to send a constant state. A loop test may be in progress.
Recommended actions
Check to see if a loop test is in process (the output is fixed).
15.2.39 [120] Curve Fit Failure (Concentration)
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
The transmitter was unable to calculate a valid concentration matrix from the current data.
Recommended actions
1. Verify the configuration of the concentration measurement application.
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2. Contact customer service.
15.2.40 [121] Extrapolation Alert (Concentration)
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The line density or line temperature is outside the range of the concentration matrix plus the configured extrapolation limit.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that process density and temperature are within the limits of the concentration matrix.
2. Verify the configuration of the concentration measurement application.
15.2.41 [123] Pressure Overrange (API referral)
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The line pressure is outside the range of the API table.
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that process pressure is within the range of the API table.
2. Verify the configuration of the API referral application and related parameters.
15.2.42 [131] Smart Meter Verification in Progress
Alert
Function Check in Progress
Cause
A Smart Meter Verification test is running.
Recommended actions
Allow the test to complete.
15.2.43 [132] Sensor Simulation Active
Alert
Sensor Being Simulated
Cause
Sensor simulation mode is enabled .
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Recommended actions
Disable sensor simulation.
15.2.44 Clock Failure
Alert
Data Loss Possible
Cause
The transmitter's real-time clock is not incrementing.
Recommended actions
Contact customer service.
15.2.45 Enhanced Event
X
Active
Alert
Event Active
Cause
The conditions assigned to any enhanced event (Enhanced Event 1 through Enhanced Event 5) are present.
Recommended actions
1. If this is an accurate indication of process conditions, no action is required. The alert will clear when the process returns to normal.
2. Review event configuration if you believe the event was triggered erroneously.
15.2.46 Moderate Two Phase Flow
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The transmitter has detected moderate two-phase flow.
Recommended actions
Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
15.2.47 No Permanent License
Alert
Data Loss Possible
Cause
A permanent license has not been installed in the transmitter firmware.
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Recommended actions
1. If you have a permanent license, install it.
2. If you do not have a permanent license, contact customer service.
15.2.48 Password Not Set
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
Display security has been enabled but the display password has not been changed from the default value.
Recommended actions
Configure a password or disable display security.
15.2.49 Severe Two Phase Flow
Alert
Process Aberration
Cause
The transmitter has detected severe two-phase flow.
Recommended actions
Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
15.2.50 Time Not Entered
Alert
Configuration Error
Cause
The system time has not been entered. The system time is required for diagnostic logs.
Recommended actions
Set the system time.
15.2.51 Verification of mA Output 1 Failed
Cause
The reading of the mA Input does not match the reading of mA Output 1.
Recommended actions
If the alert persists, replace the transmitter.
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15.2.52 Watchdog Error
Alert
Electronics Failed
Cause
The watchdog timer has expired.
Recommended actions
1. Reboot or power-cycle the transmitter to see if the alert clears.
2. If the alert persists, replace the transmitter.
3. Contact customer support.
15.3 Transmitter does not communicate
If the transmitter does not appear to be communicating, the wiring may be faulty or the communications device may be incompatible.
• For HART network communications, perform the procedures in later topic to be linked.
• For communication using a communication device, check the wiring and the communication device. Refer
to either Using ProLink III with the transmitter
or
Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter .
If you can read data from the transmitter but cannot write data (that is, you cannot start, stop or reset totalizers or change transmitter configuration), check to see if the transmitter is write-protected, and disable write-protection if required.
15.4 API referral problems
15.4.1 Extrapolation alert is active
Cause
Line pressure, line temperature, or line density is outside the range of the configured API table.
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
2. Verify the configuration of the API referral application and related parameters.
15.4.2 Inaccurate referred density reading
Cause
• Inaccurate density measurement
• Inaccurate temperature measurement
• Incorrect reference conditions
• Incorrect API table selection
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Recommended actions
1. Verify the line density value.
2. Verify the line temperature value.
3. Ensure that the application is configured to use the appropriate temperature source.
4. Ensure that the pressure source is configured correctly, that the external pressure device is operating correctly, and that both devices are using the same measurement units.
5. Ensure that reference temperature and reference pressure, if applicable, are configured correctly.
6. Ensure that the selected API table is appropriate for the process fluid.
15.5 Concentration measurement problems
15.5.1 Significantly incorrect CM after loading matrix
Cause
The wrong temperature or density unit was configured when the matrix was loaded.
Recommended actions
Set the temperature and density units to the units used when the matrix was built, then reload the matrix.
For custom matrices, contact customer support.
15.5.2 Inaccurate CM reading
Cause
• Inaccurate density measurement
• Inaccurate temperature measurement
• Incorrect reference conditions
• Incorrect matrix data
• Inappropriate trim values
Recommended actions
1. Verify the line density value.
2. Verify the line temperature value.
3. Ensure that the application is configured to use the appropriate temperature source.
4. Ensure that reference temperature is configured correctly.
5. Ensure that the appropriate matrix is active.
6. Ensure that the matrix is configured correctly.
7. Adjust the extrapolation limits for the active matrix.
8. Adjust measurement with a concentration offset trim.
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15.6 Density measurement problems
15.6.1 Erratic density reading
Cause
• Normal process noise
• Two-phase flow
• Line pressure too low
• The flow rate is too high for the installation
• Pipe diameter too small
• Contaminants or suspended solids in the process gas
• Contaminants or suspended solids in the process fluid
• Vibration in the pipeline
• Erosion or corrosion
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
2. Increase the density damping value.
3. Decrease the flow rate.
4. Check for two-phase flow.
5. Ensure that line pressure or sample pressure meets installation requirements.
6. Increase back pressure to minimize bubble formation.
7. Minimize vibration in the pipeline.
8. Increase the pipe diameter.
9. Install a flow control method (bypass, flow chamber, expander, etc.).
10. Perform Smart Meter Verification.
15.6.2 Inaccurate density reading
Cause
• Problem with process fluid
• Incorrect density calibration factors
• Wiring problem
• Incorrect grounding
• Two-phase flow
• Plugged or coated sensor tube
• Incorrect sensor orientation
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• RTD failure
• Physical characteristics of sensor have changed
Recommended actions
1. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
2. Check the grounding of all components.
3. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
4. Ensure that all of the calibration parameters have been entered correctly. See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
5. Check for two-phase flow.
6. If two sensors with similar frequency are too near each other, separate them.
7. Purge the sensor tubes.
8. Perform Smart Meter Verification.
15.6.3 Unusually high density reading
Cause
• Plugged or coated sensor tube
• Incorrect density calibration factors
• Inaccurate temperature measurement
• RTD failure
• In high-frequency meters, erosion, or corrosion
• In low-frequency meters, tube fouling
Recommended actions
1. Ensure that all of the calibration parameters have been entered correctly.
See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
2. Purge the sensor tubes.
3. Check for coating in the flow tubes.
4. Perform Smart Meter Verification.
15.6.4 Unusually low density reading
Cause
• Two-phase flow
• Incorrect calibration factors
• In low-frequency meters, erosion or corrosion
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
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2. Verify all of the characterization or calibration parameters. See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
3. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
4. Check for tube erosion, especially if the process fluid is abrasive.
5. Perform Smart Meter Verification.
15.7 Discrete Output problems
15.7.1 No Discrete Output
Cause
• Output not powered
• Wiring problem
• Channel not configured for desired output
• Channel not licensed
• Circuit failure
Recommended actions
1. Check the power supply and power supply wiring.
2. Verify the output wiring.
3. Verify that the channel is wired and configured as a Discrete Output.
4. Purchase a license for the channel and upgrade the transmitter firmware.
5. Contact customer service.
15.7.2 Loop test failed
Cause
• Output not powered
• Power supply problem
• Wiring problem
• Circuit failure
Recommended actions
1. Check the power supply and power supply wiring.
2. Verify the output wiring.
3. Contact customer service.
15.7.3 Discrete Output readings reversed
Cause
• Wiring problem
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• Configuration does not match wiring
Recommended actions
1. Verify the output wiring.
2. Ensure that Discrete Output Polarity is set correctly.
15.8 Flow measurement problems
15.8.1 Flow rate reported as zero when flow is present
Cause
The process condition is below cutoff.
Recommended action
Verify the cutoffs.
15.8.2 Flow indication at no flow conditions or zero offset
Cause
• Misaligned piping (especially in new installations)
• Open or leaking valve
• Incorrect sensor zero
Recommended actions
1. Verify all of the characterization or calibration parameters.
See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
2. If the reading is not excessively high, review the live zero. You may need to restore the factory zero.
3. Check for open or leaking valves or seals.
4. Check for mounting stress on the sensor (e.g., sensor being used to support piping, misaligned piping).
5. Contact customer service.
15.8.3 Erratic non-zero flow rate at no-flow conditions
Cause
• Leaking valve or seal
• Two-phase flow
• Plugged or coated sensor tube
• Incorrect sensor orientation
• Wiring problem
• Vibration in pipeline at rate close to sensor tube frequency
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• Damping value too low
• Mounting stress on sensor
Recommended actions
1. Verify that the sensor orientation is appropriate for your application.
See the installation manual for your sensor.
2. Check the drive gain and the pickoff voltage.
3. If the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter includes a 9-wire segment, verify that the 9wire cable shields are correctly grounded.
4. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
5. For sensors with a junction box, check for moisture in the junction box.
6. Purge the sensor tubes.
7. Check for open or leaking valves or seals.
8. Check for sources of vibration.
9. Verify damping configuration.
10. Verify that the measurement units are configured correctly for your application.
11. Check for two-phase flow.
12. Check for radio frequency interference.
13. Contact customer service.
15.8.4 Erratic non-zero flow rate when flow is steady
Cause
• Two-phase flow
• Damping value too low
• Plugged or coated sensor tube
• Wiring problem
• Problem with receiving device
Recommended actions
1. Verify that the sensor orientation is appropriate for your application.
See the installation manual for your sensor.
2. Check the drive gain and the pickoff voltage.
3. If the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter includes a 9-wire segment, verify that the 9wire cable shields are correctly grounded.
4. Check for air entrainment, tube fouling, flashing, or tube damage.
5. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
6. For sensors with a junction box, check for moisture in the junction box.
7. Purge the sensor tubes.
8. Check for open or leaking valves or seals.
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9. Check for sources of vibration.
10. Verify damping configuration.
11. Verify that the measurement units are configured correctly for your application.
12. Check for two-phase flow.
13. Check for radio frequency interference.
14. Contact customer service.
15.8.5 Inaccurate flow rate
Cause
• Wiring problem
• Inappropriate measurement unit
• Incorrect flow calibration factor
• Incorrect meter factor
• Incorrect density calibration factors
• Incorrect grounding
• Two-phase flow
• Problem with receiving device
• Incorrect sensor zero
Recommended actions
1. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
2. Verify that the measurement units are configured correctly for your application.
3. Verify all of the characterization or calibration parameters. See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
4. Zero the meter.
5. Check the grounding of all components.
6. Check for two-phase flow.
7. Verify the receiving device, and the wiring between the transmitter and the receiving device.
8. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
9. Replace the transmitter.
15.9 Frequency Output problems
15.9.1 No FO
Cause
• Stopped totalizer
• Process condition below cutoff
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• Fault condition if Fault Action is set to Internal Zero or Downscale
• Two-phase flow
• Flow in reverse direction from configured flow direction parameter
• Frequency Output Direction not set correctly
• Bad frequency receiving device
• Output level not compatible with receiving device
• Bad output circuit
• Output not powered
• Wiring problem
• Channel not configured for desired output
• Channel not licensed
Recommended actions
1. Verify that the process conditions are below the low-flow cutoff. Reconfigure the low-flow cutoff if necessary.
2. Check the Fault Action settings.
3. Verify that the totalizers are not stopped. A stopped totalizer will cause the Frequency Output to be locked.
4. Check for two-phase flow.
5. Check flow direction.
6. Check the direction parameters.
7. Verify the receiving device, and the wiring between the transmitter and the receiving device.
8. Verify that the channel is wired and configured as a Frequency Output.
9. Purchase a license for the channel and upgrade the transmitter firmware.
10. Perform a loop test.
15.9.2 Consistently incorrect FO measurement
Cause
• Output not scaled correctly
• Incorrect measurement unit configured for process variable
Recommended actions
1. Check the scaling of the Frequency Output.
2. Verify that the measurement units are configured correctly for your application.
15.9.3 Erratic FO
Cause
There is Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) from the environment.
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Recommended action
Check for radio frequency interference.
15.9.4 FO goes in and out of fault conditions
Cause
There is a problem with the interaction between the Output Saturated alert and the fault action configured for the output.
Recommended actions
1. Change the severity of the Output Saturated alert from Fault to another option.
2. Configure the transmitter to ignore the Output Saturated alert or the relevant conditions.
3. Change the configuration of Fault Action from Downscale to another option.
15.10 Milliamp output problems
15.10.1 No mAO
Cause
• Output not powered
• Power supply problem
• Wiring problem
• Circuit failure
• Channel not configured for desired output or input
• Channel not licensed
Recommended actions
1. If applicable, check the output wiring to verify that the output is powered.
2. Check the power supply and power supply wiring.
3. Verify the output wiring.
4. Check the Fault Action settings.
5. Verify channel configuration for the affected mA Output.
6. Purchase a license for the channel and upgrade the transmitter firmware.
7. Measure DC voltage across output terminals to verify that the output is active.
8. Contact customer service.
15.10.2 Loop test failed
Cause
• Output not powered
• Power supply problem
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• Wiring problem
• Circuit failure
Recommended actions
1. Check the power supply and power supply wiring.
2. Verify the output wiring.
3. Check the Fault Action settings.
4. Verify channel configuration for the affected mA Output.
5. Contact customer service.
15.10.3 mAO below 4 mA
Cause
• Output not powered
• Open in wiring
• Bad output circuit
• Process condition below LRV
• LRV and URV are not set correctly
• Fault condition if Fault Action is set to Internal Zero or Downscale
• Bad mA receiving device
Recommended actions
1. Check your process conditions against the values reported by the device.
2. Verify the receiving device, and the wiring between the transmitter and the receiving device.
3. Check the settings of Upper Range Value and Lower Range Value .
4. Check the Fault Action settings.
5. Verify channel configuration for the affected mA Output.
15.10.4 Constant mAO
Cause
• Incorrect process variable assigned to the output
• Fault condition exists
• Non-zero HART address (mA Output 1)
• A loop test is in progress
• Zero calibration failure
• mA Output Direction not set correctly
Recommended actions
1. Verify the output variable assignments.
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2. View and resolve any existing alert conditions.
3. Check the direction parameters.
4. Check the HART address and mA Output Action ( Loop Current Mode ).
5. Check to see if a loop test is in process (the output is fixed).
6. Check HART burst mode configuration.
7. If related to a zero calibration failure, reboot or power-cycle the transmitter and retry the zeroing procedure.
15.10.5 mAO consistently out of range
Cause
• Incorrect process variable or units assigned to output
• Fault condition if Fault Action is set to Upscale or Downscale
• LRV and URV are not set correctly
Recommended actions
1. Verify the output variable assignments.
2. Verify the measurement units configured for the output.
3. Check the Fault Action settings.
4. Check the settings of Upper Range Value and Lower Range Value .
5. Check the mA Output trim.
15.10.6 Consistently incorrect mA measurement
Cause
• Loop problem
• Output not trimmed correctly
• Incorrect measurement unit configured for process variable
• Incorrect process variable configured
• LRV and URV are not set correctly
• mA Output Direction not set correctly
Recommended actions
1. Check the mA Output trim.
2. Verify the measurement units configured for the output.
3. Verify the process variable assigned to the mA Output.
4. Check the direction parameters.
5. Check the settings of Upper Range Value and Lower Range Value .
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15.10.7 mAO correct at lower current, but incorrect at higher current
Cause
The mA loop resistance may be set too high.
Recommended actions
Verify that the mA Output load resistance is below the maximum supported load.
See the installation manual for your transmitter.
15.10.8 mAO goes in and out of fault conditions
Cause
There is a problem with the interaction between the Output Saturated alert and the fault action configured for the output.
Recommended actions
1. Change the severity of the Output Saturated alert from Fault to another option.
2. Configure the transmitter to ignore the Output Saturated alert or the relevant conditions.
3. Change the configuration of Fault Action from Downscale to another option.
15.11 Temperature measurement problems
15.11.1 Temperature reading significantly different from process temperature
Cause
• RTD failure
• Wiring problem
• Incorrect calibration factors
• Line temperature in bypass does not match temperature in main line
Recommended actions
1. For sensors with a junction box, check for moisture in the junction box.
2. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
3. Ensure that all of the calibration parameters have been entered correctly.
See the sensor tag or the calibration sheet for your meter.
4. Refer to status alerts (especially RTD failure alerts).
5. Disable external temperature compensation.
6. Verify temperature calibration.
7. Check the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter.
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15.11.2 Temperature reading slightly different from process temperature
Cause
• Sensor temperature not yet equalized
• Sensor leaking heat
Recommended actions
1. If the error is within the temperature specification for the sensor, there is no problem. If the temperature measurement is outside the specification, contact customer service.
2. The temperature of the fluid may be changing rapidly. Allow sufficient time for the sensor to equalize with the process fluid.
3. Install thermal installation, up to but not over, the transmitter housing.
4. Check the sensor coils for electrical shorts. If you find problems, replace the sensor.
5. The RTD may not be making good contact with the sensor. The sensor may need to be replaced.
15.11.3 Inaccurate temperature data from external device
Cause
• Wiring problem
• Problem with input configuration
• Problem with external device
Recommended actions
1. Verify the wiring between the transmitter and the external device.
2. Verify that the external device is operating correctly.
3. Verify the configuration of the temperature input.
4. Ensure that both devices are using the same measurement unit.
15.12 Check power supply wiring
If the power supply wiring is damaged or improperly connected, the transmitter may not receive enough power to operate properly.
Prerequisites
• You will need the installation manual for your transmitter.
• A minimum of 1.5 amps of startup current is required
Procedure
1. Use a voltmeter to test the voltage at the transmitter’s power supply terminals.
• If the voltage is within the specified range, you do not have a power supply problem.
• If the voltage is low, ensure that the power supply is adequate at the source, the power cable is sized correctly, there is no damage to the power cable, and an appropriate fuse is installed.
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• If there is no power, continue with this procedure.
2.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, wait five minutes after disconnecting the power. Failure to do so could result in an explosion causing death or injury.
Before inspecting the power supply wiring, disconnect the power source.
3. Ensure that the terminals, wires, and wiring compartment are clean and dry.
4. Ensure that the power supply wires are connected to the correct terminals.
5. Ensure that the power supply wires are making good contact, and are not clamped to the wire insulation.
6.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, do not reapply power to the transmitter with the housing cover removed. Reapplying power to the transmitter while the housing cover is removed could cause an explosion.
Reapply power to the transmitter.
7. Test the voltage at the terminals.
If there is no power, contact customer service.
15.13 Check sensor to transmitter wiring
A number of power-supply and output problems may occur if the wiring between the sensor and the transmitter is improperly connected, or if the wiring becomes damaged.
Be sure to check all wiring segments, especially the wiring between the transmitter and the sensor junction box for the 9-wire transmitter.
Prerequisites
You will need the installation manual for your transmitter.
Procedure
1. Before opening the wiring compartments, disconnect the power source.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, wait five minutes after disconnecting the power. Failure to do so could result in an explosion causing death or injury.
2. Verify that the transmitter is connected to the sensor according to the information provided in your transmitter installation manual.
3. Verify that the wires are making good contact with the terminals.
4. Check the continuity of all wires from the transmitter to the sensor.
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15.14 Check grounding
A sensor and the transmitter must be grounded.
Prerequisites
You will need an:
• Installation manual for your sensor
• Installation manual for your transmitter (remote-mount installations only)
Procedure
Refer to the sensor and transmitter installation manuals for grounding requirements and instructions.
15.15 Perform loop tests
A loop test is a way to verify that the transmitter and the remote device are communicating properly. A loop test also helps you know whether you need to trim mA Outputs.
Prerequisites
• Before performing a loop test, configure the channels for the transmitter outputs that will be used in your application.
• Follow appropriate procedures to ensure that loop testing will not interfere with existing measurement and control loops.
15.15.1 Perform loop tests using the display
Procedure
1. Test the mA Output(s).
a) Choose Menu → Service Tools → Output Simulation and select the mA Output to test.
b) Set Simulation Value to 4 .
c) Start the simulation.
d) Read the mA current at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
e) Choose New Value .
f) Set Simulation Value to 20 .
g) Start the simulation.
h) Read the mA current at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
i) Choose Exit .
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2. Test the Frequency Output(s).
a) Choose Menu → Service Tools → Output Simulation and select the frequency output to test.
b) Set Simulation Value to 1 .
c) Start the simulation.
d) Read the frequency signal at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
e) Choose New Value .
f) Set Simulation Value to 1450 .
g) Start the simulation.
h) Read the frequency signal at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
i) Choose Exit .
3. Test the Discrete Output(s).
a) Choose Menu → Service Tools → Output Simulation and select the discrete output to test.
b) Set Simulation Value to ON.
c) Start the simulation.
d) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
e) Choose New Value .
f) Set Simulation Value to OFF.
g) Start the simulation.
h) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
i) Choose Exit .
Postrequisites
• If the mA Output readings are within 20 microamps of the expected values, you can correct this discrepancy by trimming the output.
• If the discrepancy between the mA Output readings is greater than 20 microamps, or if at any step the reading was faulty, verify the wiring between the transmitter and the remote device, and try again.
• If the Discrete Output readings are reversed, check the setting of Discrete Output Polarity .
15.15.2 Perform loop tests using ProLink III
Procedure
1. Test the mA Output(s).
a) Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Testing and select the mA output to test.
b) Enter 4 in Fix to: .
c) Select Fix mA .
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The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
e) Select UnFix mA .
f) Enter 20 in Fix to: .
g) Select Fix mA .
h) Read the mA current at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
i) Select UnFix mA .
2. Test the Frequency Output(s).
a) Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Testing and select the frequency output to test.
b) Enter the Frequency Output value in Fix to .
c) Select Fix FO .
d) Read the frequency signal at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
e) Select UnFix FO .
3. Test the Discrete Output(s).
a) Choose Device Tools → Diagnostics → Testing → Discrete Output Test .
b) Set Fix to: to ON.
c) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
d) Set Fix to: to OFF.
e) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
f) Select UnFix .
Postrequisites
• If the mA Output readings are within 20 microamps of the expected values, you can correct this discrepancy by trimming the output.
• If the discrepancy between the mA Output readings is greater than 20 microamps, or if at any step the reading was faulty, verify the wiring between the transmitter and the remote device, and try again.
• If the Discrete Output readings are reversed, check the setting of Discrete Output Polarity .
15.15.3 Perform loop tests using the Field Communicator
Procedure
1. Test the mA Output(s).
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b) Select 4 mA .
c) Read the mA current at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
d) Press OK .
e) Select 20 mA .
f) Read the mA current at the receiving device and compare it to the transmitter output.
The readings do not need to match exactly. If the values are slightly different, you can correct the discrepancy by trimming the output.
g) Press OK .
h) Choose End .
2. Test the Frequency Output(s).
a) Choose Service Tools → Simulate → Simulate Outputs and select the Frequency Output to test.
b) Select the Frequency Output level.
c) Press OK .
d) Choose End .
3. Test the Discrete Output(s).
a) Choose Service Tools → Simulate → Simulate Outputs and select the Discrete Output to test.
b) Choose Off .
c) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
d) Press OK .
e) Choose On .
f) Verify the signal at the receiving device.
g) Press OK .
h) Choose End .
Postrequisites
• If the mA Output readings are within 20 microamps of the expected values, you can correct this discrepancy by trimming the output.
• If the discrepancy between the mA Output readings is greater than 20 microamps, or if at any step the reading was faulty, verify the wiring between the transmitter and the remote device, and try again.
• If the Discrete Output readings are reversed, check the setting of Discrete Output Polarity .
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15.16 Trim mA Output
Trimming an mA Output calibrates the transmitter's mA Output to the receiving device. If the current trim value is inaccurate, the transmitter will under-compensate or over-compensate the output.
15.16.1 Trim an mA Output using the display
Trimming the mA Output establishes a common measurement range between the transmitter and the device that receives the mA Output.
Prerequisites
Ensure that the mA Output is wired to the receiving device that will be used in production.
Procedure
1. Choose Menu → Service Tools → mA Output Trim and select the output to trim.
2. Follow the instructions in the guided method.
3. Check the trim results. If any trim result is less than − 20 microamps or greater than +20 microamps, contact customer service.
15.16.2 Trim mA Output using ProLink III
Trimming the mA Output establishes a common measurement range between the transmitter and the device that receives the mA Output.
Prerequisites
Ensure that the mA Output is wired to the receiving device that will be used in production.
Procedure
1. Follow the instructions in the guided method.
2. Check the trim results. If any trim result is less than − 20 microamps or greater than +20 microamps, contact customer service.
15.16.3 Trim mA Outputs using the Field Communicator
Trimming the mA Output establishes a common measurement range between the transmitter and the device that receives the mA Output.
Prerequisites
Ensure that the mA Output is wired to the receiving device that will be used in production.
Procedure
1. Follow the instructions in the guided method.
2. Check the trim results. If any trim result is less than − 20 microamps or greater than +20 microamps, contact customer service.
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15.17 Using sensor simulation for troubleshooting
When sensor simulation is enabled, the transmitter reports user-specified values for basic process variables.
This allows you to reproduce various process conditions or to test the system.
You can use sensor simulation to help distinguish between legitimate process noise and externally caused variation. For example, consider a receiving device that reports an unexpectedly erratic density value. If sensor simulation is enabled and the observed density value does not match the simulated value, the source of the problem is likely to be somewhere between the transmitter and the receiving device.
Important
When sensor simulation is active, the simulated value is used in all transmitter outputs and calculations, including totals and inventories, volume flow calculations, and concentration calculations. Disable all automatic functions related to the transmitter outputs and place the loop in manual operation. Do not enable simulation mode unless your application can tolerate these effects, and be sure to disable simulation mode when you have finished testing.
15.18 Check HART communications
If you cannot establish or maintain HART communications, or if the primary mA output is producing a fixed value, you may have a wiring problem or a HART configuration problem.
Prerequisites
You may need one or more of the following:
• The installation manual for your transmitter
• A Field Communicator
• A voltmeter
• Optional: The HART Application Guide , available at www.hartcomm.org
Procedure
1. Verify the HART address.
Tip
The default HART address is 0. This is the recommended value unless the device is in a multidrop network.
2. If the primary mA output is producing a fixed value of 4 mA, ensure that mA Output Action ( Loop
Current Mode ) is enabled.
For all HART addresses except 0, mA Output Action must be enabled to allow the primary mA output to report process data.
3. Refer to the wiring diagrams in the installation manual and verify that the primary mA output is correctly wired for HART support.
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15.19 Check Lower Range Value and Upper Range Value
If the process variable assigned to the mA Output falls below the configured Lower Range Value (LRV) or rises above the configured Upper Range Value (URV), the meter will post an Output Saturated alert for the affected output, then perform the configured fault action.
Procedure
1. Record your current process conditions.
2. Check the configuration of the LRV and URV.
15.20 Check mA Output Fault Action
The mA Output Fault Action controls the behavior of the mA Output if the transmitter encounters an internal fault condition. If the mA Output is reporting a constant value below 4 mA or above 20 mA, the transmitter may be in a fault condition.
Procedure
1. Check the status alerts for active fault conditions.
2. If there are active fault conditions, the transmitter is performing correctly. If you want to change its behavior, consider the following options:
• Change the setting of mA Output Fault Action .
• For the relevant status alerts, change the setting of Alert Severity .
• Configure the transmitter to ignore the relevant status alerts or conditions.
Restriction
Some status alerts and conditions are not configurable.
3. If there are no active fault conditions, continue troubleshooting.
15.21 Check the scaling of the Frequency Output
If the process variable assigned to the Frequency Output goes to a value that would set the Frequency Output to a signal below 0 Hz or above 12,500 Hz, the meter will post an Output Saturated alert for the affected output, then perform the configured fault action.
Procedure
1. Record your current process conditions.
2. Adjust the scaling of the Frequency Output.
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15.22 Check Frequency Output Fault Action
The Frequency Output Fault Action controls the behavior of the Frequency Output if the transmitter encounters an internal fault condition. If the Frequency Output is reporting a constant value, the transmitter may be in a fault condition.
Procedure
1. Check the status alerts for active fault conditions.
2. If there are no active fault conditions, continue troubleshooting.
15.23 Check the direction parameters
If the direction parameters are set incorrectly, flow rate may be reported as reverse when it is actually forward, or vice versa. Totalizers and inventories may increment when they should decrement, or vice versa.
The reported flow rate and flow totals depend on the interaction of four factors: the flow direction arrow on the sensor, actual flow direction, the Sensor Flow Direction Arrow parameter, the Direction parameter for the mA output or the frequency output, and the Totalizer Direction parameter.
Procedure
1. Ensure that Sensor Flow Direction Arrow is set correctly for your sensor installation and your process.
2. Verify the configuration of mA Output Direction , Frequency Output Direction , and Totalizer
Direction .
15.24 Check the cutoffs
If the transmitter cutoffs are configured incorrectly, the transmitter may report zero flow when flow is present, or very small amounts of flow under no-flow conditions.
Procedure
Verify the configuration of all cutoffs.
15.25 Check for two-phase flow (slug flow)
Two-phase flow can cause rapid changes in the drive gain. This can cause a variety of measurement issues.
Procedure
1. Check for two-phase flow alerts (e.g., A105).
If the transmitter is not generating two-phase flow alerts, verify that two-phase flow limits have been set. If limits are set, two-phase flow is not the source of your problem.
2. Check the process for cavitation, flashing, or leaks.
3. Monitor the density of your process fluid output under normal process conditions.
4. Check the settings of Two-Phase Flow Low Limit , Two-Phase Flow High Limit , and Two-Phase Flow
Timeout .
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Tip
You can reduce the occurrence of two-phase flow alerts by setting Two-Phase Flow Low Limit to a lower value, Two-Phase Flow High Limit to a higher value, or Two-Phase Flow Timeout to a higher value.
15.26 Check for radio frequency interference (RFI)
The transmitter's Frequency Output or Discrete Output can be affected by radio frequency interference (RFI).
Possible sources of RFI include a source of radio emissions, or a large transformer, pump, or motor that can generate a strong electromagnetic field. Several methods to reduce RFI are available. Use one or more of the following suggestions, as appropriate to your installation.
Procedure
• Use shielded cable between the output and the receiving device.
— Terminate the shielding at the receiving device. If this is impossible, terminate the shielding at the cable gland or conduit fitting.
— Do not terminate the shielding inside the wiring compartment.
— 360-degree termination of shielding is unnecessary.
• Eliminate the RFI source.
• Move the transmitter.
15.27 Check HART burst mode
HART burst mode is normally disabled, and should be enabled only if a HART Triloop is being used.
Procedure
1. Check to see if burst mode is enabled or disabled.
2. If burst mode is enabled, disable it.
15.28 Check the drive gain
Excessive or erratic drive gain may indicate any of a variety of process conditions or sensor problems.
To know whether your drive gain is excessive or erratic, you must collect drive gain data during the problem condition and compare it to drive gain data from a period of normal operation.
Excessive (saturated) drive gain
Table 15-1: Possible causes and recommended actions for excessive (saturated) drive gain
Possible cause
Bent sensor tube
Cracked sensor tube
Flow rate out of range
Recommended actions
Check the pickoff voltages (see Check the pickoff voltage
). If either of them are close to zero (but neither is zero), the sensor tubes may be bent. The sensor will need to be replaced.
Replace the sensor.
Ensure that the flow rate is within sensor limits.
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Table 15-1: Possible causes and recommended actions for excessive (saturated) drive gain (continued)
Possible cause
Open drive or pickoff sensor coil
Over-pressurized tubes
Plugged sensor tube
Recommended actions
Contact customer support.
Contact customer support.
Check the pickoff voltages (see Check the pickoff voltage
). If either of them are close to zero (but neither is zero), plugged tubes may be the source of your problem. Purge the tubes. In extreme cases, you may need to replace the sensor.
Replace the sensor.
Sensor case full of process fluid
Sensor imbalance
Sensor tubes not completely full
Two-phase flow
Vibrating element not free to vibrate
Contact customer support.
Correct process conditions so that the sensor tubes are full.
Check for two-phase flow. See Check for two-phase flow (slug flow)
.
Ensure that the vibrating element is free to vibrate.
Erratic drive gain
Table 15-2: Possible causes and recommended actions for erratic drive gain
Possible cause
Foreign material caught in sensor tubes
Recommended actions
• Purge the sensor tubes.
• Replace the sensor.
15.29 Checking process variables
Micro Motion suggests that you make a record of the process variables listed below, under normal operating conditions. This list will help you recognize when the process variables are usually high or low.
• Flow rate
• Density
• Temperature
• Tube frequency
• Pickoff voltage
• Drive gain
For troubleshooting, check the process variables under both normal flow and tubes-full no-flow conditions.
Except for flow rate, you should see little or no change between flow and no-flow conditions. If you see a significant difference, record the values and contact customer service for assistance.
Unusual values for process variables may indicate a variety of different problems. The following table lists several possible problems and suggested remedies.
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Table 15-3: Process variables problems and remedies
Symptom
Steady non-zero flow rate under no-flow conditions
Erratic non-zero flow rate under no-flow conditions
Cause
Misaligned piping
(especially in new installations)
Open or leaking valve
Bad sensor zero
Leaking valve or seal
Slug flow
Plugged flow tube
Incorrect sensor orientation
Wiring problem
Vibration in pipeline at rate close to sensor tube frequency
Damping value too low
Suggested remedy
Correct the piping.
Check or correct the valve mechanism.
Rezero the flow meter. See Zero the meter
.
Check pipeline
See
Check for two-phase flow (slug flow) .
Check drive gain and tube frequency.
Purge the flow tubes.
Sensor orientation must be appropriate to the process fluid. See the installation manual for your sensor.
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check for internal electrical problems .
Check the environment and remove the source of the vibration.
Check the configuration.
See the appropriate section:
•
•
•
Mounting stress on sensor Check the sensor mounting to ensure:
• Sensor is not being used to support the pipe
• Sensor is not being used to correct pipe misalignment
• Sensor is not too heavy for pipe
Sensor cross-talk Check the environment for sensor with a similiar (±0.5 Hz) tube frequency.
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Table 15-3: Process variables problems and remedies (continued)
Symptom
Erratic non-zero flow rate when flow is steady
Cause
Slug flow
Damping value too low
Plugged flow tube
Suggested remedy
See
Check for two-phase flow (slug flow) .
Check the configuration. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
• Check drive gain and tube frequency.
• Purge the flow tubes.
Inaccurate flow rate or batch rate
Excessive or erratic drive gain
Output wiring problem
Problem with receiving device
Wiring problem
Bad flow calibration factor
Inappropriate measurement unit
Bad sensor zero
Bad density calibration factors
Bad flow meter grounding
Slug flow
Problem with receiving device
Wiring problem
See
Verify wiring between transmitter and receiving device. See the installation manual for your transmitter.
Test with another receiving device.
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check for internal electrical problems .
Verify characterization. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
Check calibration.
Resize the flow meter. See
Verify characterization. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
See
See
Check for two-phase flow (slug flow) .
Test with another receiving device.
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check for internal electrical problems .
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Table 15-3: Process variables problems and remedies (continued)
Symptom
Inaccurate density reading
Cause
Problem with process fluid
Bad density calibration factors
Wiring problem
Bad flow meter grounding
Slug flow
Sensor cross-talk
Plugged flow tube
Incorrect sensor orientation
RTD failure
Suggested remedy
Use standard procedures to check the quality of the process fluid.
Verify characterization. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check for internal electrical problems .
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check the environment for sensor with a similar (±0.5 Hz) tube frequency.
Check the sensor circuitry. See
Check for internal electrical problems .
Check drive gain and tube frequency. Purge the flow tubes.
Sensor orientation must be appropriate to process fluid. See the installation manual for your sensor.
Check for alarm conditions and follow the troubleshooting procedure for the indicated alarm.
Check for corrosion, erosion, or tube damage.
Physical characteristics of the sensor have changed
RTD failure Temperature reading significantly different from process temperature
Temperature reading slightly different from process temperature
Unusually high density reading
Sensor leaking heat
Plugged flow tube
Check for alarm conditions and follow troubleshooting procedure for indicated alarm.
Insulate the sensor.
Unusually low density reading
Unusually high tube frequency
Unusually low pickoff voltages
Unusually low pickoff voltages
Unusually high drive gain
Incorrect K2 value
Slug flow
Incorrect K2 value
Sensor erosion
Plugged fow tube, corrosion, or erosion
Several possible causes
Several possible causes
Check drive gain and tube frequency.
Purge the flow tubes.
Verify characterization. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
Use standard procedures to check the quality of the process fluid.
Verify characterization. See Characterize the meter (if required) .
Contact customer service.
Purge the flow tubes.
See
.
See
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15.30 Check the pickoff voltage
If the pickoff voltage readings are unusually low, you may have any of a variety of process or equipment problems.
To know whether your pickoff voltage is unusually low, you must collect pickoff voltage data during the problem condition and compare it to pickoff voltage data from a period of normal operation.
Drive gain and pickoff voltage are inversely proportional. As drive gain increases, pickoff voltages decrease and vice versa.
Table 15-4: Possible causes and recommended actions for low pickoff voltage
Possible cause
Faulty wiring runs between the sensor and transmitter
Process flow rate beyond the limits of the sensor
Sensor tubes are not vibrating
Recommended actions
Verify wiring between sensor and transmitter.
Verify that the process flow rate is not out of range of the sensor.
• Check for plugging or deposition.
• Ensure that the vibrating element is free to vibrate (no mechanical binding).
• Verify wiring.
Moisture in the sensor electronics
The sensor is damaged, or sensor magnets may have become demagnetized
Eliminate the moisture in the sensor electronics.
Replace the sensor.
15.31 Check for internal electrical problems
Shorts between sensor terminals or between the sensor terminals and the sensor case can cause the sensor to stop working.
Possible cause
Moisture inside the sensor junction box
Liquid or moisture inside the sensor case
Internally shorted feedthrough
Faulty cable
Improper wire termination
Recommended action
Ensure that the junction box is dry and no corrosion is present.
Contact customer support.
Contact customer support.
Replace the cable.
Verify wire terminations inside the sensor junction box. See
Micro Motion 9-Wire Flowmeter Cable Preparation and
Installation Guide .
Contact customer support.
Shorts to the housing created by trapped or damaged wires
Loose wires or connectors
Liquid or moisture inside the housing
Contact customer support.
Contact customer support.
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15.31.1 Check the sensor coils
Checking the sensor coils can identify a cause for a no sensor response alert.
Restriction
This procedure applies only to 9-wire remote-mount transmitters. For integral mount transmitters, consult the factory.
Procedure
1. Disconnect power to the transmitter.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, wait five minutes after disconnecting the power. Failure to do so could result in an explosion causing death or injury.
2. Remove the wires from the sensor junction box.
3. Using a digital multimeter (DMM), check the pickoff coils by placing the DMM leads on the unplugged terminal blocks for each terminal pair. See
Table 15-5 for a list of the coils. Record the values.
Table 15-5: Coils and test terminal pairs
Coil
Drive coil
Left pickoff coil (LPO)
Right pickoff coil (RPO)
Resistance temperature detector
(RTD)
Lead length compensator (LLC)
Sensor model
All
All
All
All
Terminal colors
Brown to red
Green to white
Blue to gray
Yellow to violet
Yellow to orange
Composite RTD
Fixed resistor (see note)
All except T-Series and CMF400 (see note)
CMFS025-150 and T-Series
CMFS007, CMFS010, CMFS015,
CMF400, and F300
Yellow to orange
Yellow to orange
Note
The CMF400 fixed resistor applies only to certain specific CMF400 releases. Contact customer support for more information.
There should be no open circuits, that is, no infinite resistance readings. The left pickoff and right pickoff readings should be the same or very close (±5 Ω). If there are any unusual readings, repeat the coil resistance tests at the sensor junction box to eliminate the possibility of faulty cable. The readings for each coil pair should match at both ends.
4. Test the terminals in the sensor junction box for shorts to case.
a) Leave the terminal blocks disconnected.
b) Remove the lid of the junction box.
c) Testing one terminal at a time, place a DMM lead on the terminal and the other lead on the sensor case.
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With the DMM set to its highest range, there should be infinite resistance on each lead. If there is any resistance at all, there is a short to case.
5. Test the resistance of junction box terminal pairs.
a) Test the brown terminal against all other terminals except the red one.
b) Test the red terminal against all other terminals except the brown one.
c) Test the green terminal against all other terminals except the white one.
d) Test the white terminal against all other terminals except the green one.
e) Test the blue terminal against all other terminals except the gray one.
f) Test the gray terminal against all other terminals except the blue one.
g) Test the orange terminal against all other terminals except the yellow and violet ones.
h) Test the yellow terminal against all other terminals except the orange and violet ones.
i) Test the violet terminal against all other terminals except the yellow and orange ones.
There should be infinite resistance for each pair. If there is any resistance at all, there is a short between terminals.
Postrequisites
To return to normal operation:
1. Replace the wiring.
2. Replace the lid on the sensor junction box.
Important
When reassembling the meter components, be sure to grease all O-rings.
15.32 Locate a device using the HART 7 Squawk feature
The Squawk feature causes the device to show a specific pattern on its display. You can use this to locate or identify a device.
Restriction
The Squawk feature is available only with HART 7 connections from the Field Communicator. It is not available with ProLink III.
Procedure
1. Choose Service Tools → Maintenance → Routine Maintenance .
2. Choose Locate Device .
An 0-0-0-0 pattern is shown on the display.
To return to the normal display, activate any button on the device display, or wait 60 seconds.
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Using the transmitter display
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A Using the transmitter display
This section explains how to use the 4200 display. Using the display, you can move through the menus, configure the application, monitor and control the application, and perform maintenance and diagnostic tasks.
A.1 Components of the transmitter display
The transmitter display includes a multi-line LCD panel.
Figure A-1: 4200 transmitter display
LCD panel
In normal operation, the LCD panel shows the current value of the display variables, and their measurement units.
Figure A-2: 4200 transmitter LCD panel
The LCD panel also provides access to the display menus and alert information. From the display menus, you can:
• View the current configuration and make configuration changes.
• Perform procedures such as loop testing and zero verification.
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The alert information allows you to see which alerts are active, acknowledge the alerts individually or as a group, and to see more detailed information for individual alerts.
A.2 Access and use the display menu
The display menus allow you to perform most configuration, administration, and maintenance tasks.
The four capacitive buttons, ⇦⇧⇩⇨ , are used to navigate the menus, make selections, and enter data.
Figure A-3: Capacitive buttons
Procedure
1. Observe the action bar at the bottom of the LCD panel.
The action bar displays Menu ⇨ .
2. Navigate the menus using the four capacitive buttons:
• Activate ⇧ or ⇩ to scroll to the previous or next item in the menu.
• Activate and hold ⇧ or ⇩ (approximately 1 second to scroll rapidly through numbers or menu options, or to move to the previous screen or next screen in a multi-screen display.
• Activate ⇨ to drill down to a lower menu or to select an option.
• Activate and hold ⇨ to save and apply your action.
• Activate ⇦ to return to the previous menu.
• Activate and hold ⇦ to cancel your action.
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The action bar is updated with context-sensitive information.
If the menu or the topic is too large for a single display screen, the ⇩ and ⇧ symbols at the bottom and top of the LCD panel are used to indicate that you must scroll down or up to see more information.
Figure A-4: Navigation arrows
3. If you make a menu choice that leads to a possible configuration change, or to certain procedures such as zero calibration:
• If display security is not enabled, the display prompts you to activate ⇦⇧⇩⇨ , in that order. This feature protects against accidental changes to configuration, but does not provide any security.
Figure A-5: Security prompts
• If display security is enabled, the display prompts you to enter the display password.
4. If you make a menu choice that requires entering a numeric value or character string, the display provides a screen similar to the following:
Figure A-6: Numeric values and character strings
• Activate ⇦ or ⇨ to position the cursor.
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• Activate ⇧ and ⇩ to scroll through the values that are valid for that position.
• Repeat until all characters are set.
• Activate and hold ⇨ to save the value.
5. To exit the display menu system, use either of the following methods:
• Wait until the menu times out and returns to the display variables.
• Exit each menu separately, working your way back to the top of the menu system.
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Using ProLink III with the transmitter
April 2020
B Using ProLink III with the transmitter
B.1 Basic information about ProLink III
ProLink III is a configuration and service tool available from Micro Motion. ProLink III runs on a Windows platform and provides complete access to transmitter functions and data.
Version requirements
Use the latest version of ProLink III and the device firmware to support all features. For details about ProLink III device support, refer to the ProLink III ChangeLog.txt
file.
ProLink III requirements
To install ProLink III, you must have:
• The ProLink III installation media
• The ProLink III installation kit for your connection type:
To obtain ProLink III and the appropriate installation kit, contact customer support.
ProLink III documentation
Most of the instructions in this manual assume that you are already familiar with ProLink III or that you have a general familiarity with Windows programs. If you need more information than this manual provides, see the
Micro Motion ProLink III with ProcessViz Software User Manual .
In most ProLink III installations, the manual is installed with the ProLink III program. Additionally, the
ProLink III manual is available on the documentation CD or at www.emerson.com
.
ProLink III features and functions
ProLink III offers complete transmitter configuration and operation functions. ProLink III also offers a number of additional features and functions, including:
• A Professional version with expanded features not available on the Basic version.
• The ability to save the transmitter configuration set to a file on the PC, and reload it or propagate it to other transmitters
• The ability to log specific types of data to a file on the PC
• The ability to view performance trends for various types of data on the PC
• The ability to connect to and view information for more than one device
• A guided connection wizard
These features are documented in the ProLink III manual. They are not documented in the current manual.
ProLink III messages
As you use ProLink III with a Micro Motion transmitter, you will see a number of messages and notes. This manual does not document all of these messages and notes.
Important
The user is responsible for responding to messages and notes and complying with all safety messages.
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B.2 Connect with ProLink III
A connection from ProLink III to your transmitter allows you to read process data, configure the transmitter, and perform maintenance and troubleshooting tasks.
B.2.1 Connection types supported by ProLink III
Depending on the channels that are licensed on your transmitter, you may have several connection types available to connect from ProLink III to the transmitter. Choose the connection type appropriate to your network and the tasks you intend to perform.
When selecting a connection type, consider the following:
B.2.2 Connect with ProLink III to the RS-485 adapter
Prerequisites
Verify that you have the following hardware and software:
• ProLink III installed and licensed on your PC.
• One of the following converters:
— RS-232 to RS-485 signal converter
— USB to RS-485 signal converter
• An available serial port or USB port
• Adapters as required (for example, 9-pin to 25-pin)
You can connect directly to the RS-485 terminals on the transmitter. The 4200 transmitter allows you to connect to the RS-485 via the “Factory Use Only” port. Use this port only if you are in a non-hazardous area.
Procedure
1. Attach the signal converter to the serial port or USB port on your PC.
2. To connect over the RS-485 network: a) Attach the leads from the signal converter to any point on the network.
3. Start ProLink III.
4. Choose Connect to Physical Device .
5. From the Connection Parameters pane, access the Protocol option and select Service Port from the drop-down menu.
6. Set the PC Port value to the PC COM port that you are using for this connection.
7. Select Connect .
Need help?
If an error message appears:
• Ensure that you have specified the correct port on your PC.
• Check the wiring between the PC and the transmitter.
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• For long-distance communication, or if noise from an external source interferes with the signal, install 120-Ω ½ -W terminating resistors in parallel with the output at both ends of the communication segment.
• Ensure that there is no concurrent Modbus communication to the transmitter.
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Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter
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C Using a Field Communicator with the transmitter
C.1 Basic information about the Field Communicator
The Field Communicator is a handheld configuration and management tool that can be used with a variety of devices, including Micro Motion transmitters. It provides complete access to transmitter functions and data.
Field Communicator documentation
Most of the instructions in this manual assume that you are already familiar with the Field Communicator and can perform the following tasks:
• Turn on the Field Communicator
• Navigate the Field Communicator menus
• Establish communication with HART-compatible devices
• Send configuration data to the device
• Use the alpha keys to enter information
If you are unable to perform these tasks, consult the Field Communicator manual before attempting to use the Field Communicator. The Field Communicator manual is available on the documentation CD or at www.emerson.com
.
Field Communicator menus and messages
Many of the menus in this manual start with the On-Line menu. Ensure that you are able to navigate to the On-
Line menu.
As you use the Field Communicator with a Micro Motion transmitter, you will see a number of messages and notes. This manual does not document all of these messages and notes.
Important
The user is responsible for responding to messages and notes and complying with all safety messages.
C.2 Connect with the Field Communicator
A connection from the Field Communicator to your transmitter allows you to read process data, configure the transmitter, and perform maintenance and troubleshooting tasks.
Prerequisites
The following HART device description (DD) must be installed on the Field Communicator : 4200 Dev v1 DD
V1 or later.
WARNING
If the transmitter is in a hazardous area, do not remove the housing cover while the transmitter is powered up. Failure to follow these instructions can cause an explosion resulting in injury or death.
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Important
If the HART security switch is set to ON , HART protocol cannot be used to perform any action that requires writing to the transmitter. For example, you cannot change the configuration, reset totalizers, or perform calibration using the Field Communicator with a HART connection. When the HART security switch is set to
OFF , no functions are disabled.
Procedure
1. To connect to a point in the local HART loop, attach the leads from the Field Communicator to any point in the loop and add resistance as necessary.
The Field Communicator must be connected across a resistance of 250–600 Ω.
2. To connect to a point in the HART multidrop network, attach the leads from the Field Communicator to any point on the network.
3. Turn on the Field Communicator and wait until the main menu is displayed.
4. If you are connecting across a multidrop network:
• Set the Field Communicator to poll. The device returns all valid addresses.
• Enter the HART address of the transmitter. The default HART address is 0. However, in a multidrop network, the HART address has probably been set to a different, unique value.
Postrequisites
To navigate to the Online menu, choose HART Application → Online . Most configuration, maintenance, and troubleshooting tasks are performed from the Online menu.
Tip
You may see messages related to the DD or active alerts. Press the appropriate buttons to ignore the message and continue.
Need help?
The Field Communicator requires a minimum of 1 VDC across the connection leads to communicate. If necessary, increase the resistance at the connection point until 1 VDC is achieved.
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Channel combinations
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D Channel combinations
D.1 Rules for channel combinations
Use these rules to determine what channel types and channel combinations are valid on the transmitter.
Rule number
1
2
Rule
Channel A is always 4-20 mA HART (Loop Powered) Output 1.
Channel B can be 4-20 mA Output 2, Frequency Output 1, or Discrete Output 1.
D.2 Valid combinations for channel configuration
The following table shows all valid combinations for channel configuration. Depending on your purchase order, some channels may not be activated on your device.
Combination
Combination 1
Combination 2
Combination 3
Channel A mA Output 1/HART mA Output 1/HART mA Output 1/HART
Channel B
Frequency Output 1
Discrete Output 1 mA Output 2
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E Concentration measurement matrices, derived variables, and process variables
E.1 Standard matrices for the concentration measurement application
The standard concentration matrices available from Micro Motion are applicable for a variety of process fluids.
These matrices are included in the ProLink III installation.
Tip
If the standard matrices are not appropriate for your application, you can build a custom matrix or purchase a custom matrix from Micro Motion.
Matrix name
Deg Balling
Temperature unit
°F
Derived variable
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Deg Brix
Deg Plato
HFCS 42
HFCS 55
HFCS 90
Description Density unit
Matrix represents percent extract, by mass, in solution, based on °Balling.
For example, if a wort is 10 °Balling and the extract in solution is 100% sucrose, the extract is 10% of the total mass.
g/cm 3 g/cm 3 Matrix represents a hydrometer scale for sucrose solutions that indicates the percent by mass of sucrose in solution at a given temperature. For example,
40 kg of sucrose mixed with 60 kg of water results in a 40 °Brix solution.
g/cm 3 Matrix represents percent extract, by mass, in solution, based on °Plato. For example, if a wort is 10 °Plato and the extract in solution is 100% sucrose, the extract is 10% of the total mass.
g/cm 3 Matrix represents a hydrometer scale for HFCS 42 (high-fructose corn syrup) solutions that indicates the percent by mass of HFCS in solution.
Matrix represents a hydrometer scale for HFCS 55 (high-fructose corn syrup) solutions that indicates the percent by mass of HFCS in solution.
Matrix represents a hydrometer scale for HFCS 90 (high-fructose corn syrup) solutions that indicates the percent by mass of HFCS in solution.
g/cm g/cm
3
3
°C
°F
°C
°C
°C
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Mass
Concentration
(Density)
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E.2 Derived variables and calculated process variables
The concentration measurement application calculates a different set of process variables from each derived variable. The process variables are then available for viewing or reporting.
Derived variable Description
Density at Reference
Mass/unit volume, corrected to a given reference temperature
Specific Gravity The ratio of the density of a process fluid at a given temperature to the density of water at a given temperature
The two given temperature conditions do not need to be the same.
Note
The two given temperature conditions do not need to be the same.
Density at reference temp
✓
✓
Standard volume flow rate
✓
Calculated process variables
Specific gravity
Concentra tion
Net mass flow rate
✓ ✓
Net volume flow rate
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Mass
Concentration
(Density)
Mass
Concentration
(Specific Gravity)
Volume
Concentration
(Density)
Volume
Concentration
(Specific Gravity)
The percent mass of solute or of material in suspension in the total solution, derived from reference density
The percent mass of solute or of material in suspension in the total solution, derived from specific gravity
The percent volume of solute or of material in suspension in the total solution, derived from reference density
The percent volume of solute or of material in suspension in the total solution, derived from specific gravity
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
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Derived variable Description
Concentration
(Density)
Concentration
(Specific Gravity)
The mass, volume, weight, or number of moles of solute or of material in suspension in proportion to the total solution, derived from reference density
The mass, volume, weight, or number of moles of solute or of material in suspension in proportion to the total solution, derived from specific gravity
Density at reference temp
✓
Standard volume flow rate
✓
Calculated process variables
Specific gravity
Concentra tion
✓
Net mass flow rate
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Net volume flow rate
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Environmental compliance
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F Environmental compliance
F.1 RoHS and WEEE
In compliance with the RoHS directive (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) and the WEEE directive (Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment), the battery in the 4200 transmitter cannot be serviced or replaced by users. If the battery requires replacement, contact customer service for replacement and disposal.
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Micro Motion Inc. USA
Worldwide Headquarters
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Boulder, Colorado USA 80301
T +1 303-527-5200
T +1 800-522-6277
F +1 303-530-8459 www.emerson.com
Micro Motion Asia
Emerson Automation Solutions
1 Pandan Crescent
Singapore 128461
Republic of Singapore
T +65 6363-7766
F +65 6770-8003
Micro Motion Europe
Emerson Automation Solutions
Neonstraat 1
6718 WX Ede
The Netherlands
T +31 (0) 318 495 555
T +31 (0) 70 413 6666
F +31 (0) 318 495 556 www.emerson.com/nl-nl
Micro Motion United Kingdom
Emerson Automation Solutions
Emerson Process Management Limited
Horsfield Way
Bredbury Industrial Estate
Stockport SK6 2SU U.K.
T +44 0870 240 1978
F +44 0800 966 181
© 2020 Micro Motion, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Emerson logo is a trademark and service mark of Emerson Electric Co. Micro Motion, ELITE,
ProLink, MVD and MVD Direct Connect marks are marks of one of the Emerson Automation
Solutions family of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners.
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Key features
Configurable for mass flow, volume flow, density, and temperature measurements.
Supports HART communication for integration with control systems.
Includes Smart Meter Verification for performance monitoring.
Offers advanced features like two-phase flow detection and API referral application.
Provides diagnostic alerts and troubleshooting information.
Frequently asked questions
Enable the software Write Protection by toggling the physical write protect switch located behind the display module.
You can connect to the transmitter using ProLink III (via HART) or a Field Communicator (via HART).
You can view the licensed features through the display menu (Menu → About → Licenses → Licensed Features), ProLink III (Device Tools → Device Information → Licensed Features), or the Field Communicator (Overview → Device Information → Licenses).