INTRODUCTION
A spotting scope is nothing more than a telescope that is designed to look around the Earth.
Unlike astronomical telescopes, which produce inverted or reverted images, spotting scopes produce correctly oriented images. Celestron offers several different models, each of which uses the highest quality optics to produce the best possible images. All models have rugged, durable housings to give you a lifetime of pleasure with a minimal amount of maintenance.
How to Use this Manual
This manual explains the proper use of your Celestron spotting scope —from initial set up to ongoing use. This manual is broken down into several sections. The first covers attaching your spotting scope to a stable platform, like a photographic tripod, so that the standard accessories can be attached. The second section is on using your spotting scope. Topics include how to attach the standard accessories, how to locate objects, etc.
The last four sections deal with general information. Topics include visual and photographic observing hints, astronomical uses for your spotting scope, and maintenance information. Before you attempt to use your spotting scope, read this manual carefully.
A Word of Caution!
Your Celestron spotting scope is designed to give you hours of fun and rewarding observations.
There are, however, a few things to consider before using your spotting scope that will ensure your safety and protect your equipment.
•
Never look directly at the Sun with the naked eye or with your spotting scope. Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result.
•
Never use your spotting scope to project an image of the Sun onto any surface. Internal heat build-up can damage your spotting scope and/or any accessories attached to it.
•
Never use an eyepiece solar filter or a Herschel wedge. Internal heat build-up inside your spotting scope can cause these devices to crack or break, allowing unfiltered sunlight to pass through to the eye.
•
Never leave your spotting scope unsupervised, either when children are present or adults who may not be familiar with the correct operating procedures of your spotting scope.
•
Never point your spotting scope at the Sun unless you have the proper solar filter. We recommend Mylar solar filters only! When using your spotting scope with the proper solar filter, ALWAYS cover the finderscope. Although small in aperture, this instrument has enough light gathering power to possibly cause permanent and irreversible eye damage. In addition, the image projected by the finder is hot enough to burn skin and clothing.
WARNING
•
Never adjust the three screws located in the rear cell of your C90 as these are solely for manufacturing adjustments. Any adjustments of these screws will automatically void your warranty. Please contact Celestron if you feel your C90 is out of collimation.
GETTING STARTED
The high magnification of your spotting scope makes it very difficult to hand-hold and, as a result, it must be attached to a stable platform. The C90 has a tripod adapter block which is located on the bottom of the spotting scope tube. Remove your spotting scope from the box and attach it to any of the mounts described below.
Photographic Tripod
For best results, attach your Celestron spotting scope to a photographic tripod like the Celestron
Photographic Tripod (#93596) or any fairly rigid photographic tripod. To attach your spotting scope to the tripod:
1.
Remove the instrument platform from the tripod. To do this, rotate the platform lock clockwise. Pull the back of the instrument platform out first, then pivot the front out. Since the platform lock is spring-loaded, hold the clamp in position and pull the platform up, off of the tripod head. Incidentally, the back of the platform is rounded while the front is flat.
2.
Place the tripod adapter block (on the instrument) over the 1/4x20 screw on the tripod head.
Keep in mind that the platform is not on the tripod at this time. Tighten the screw (located on the under side of the platform) until tight. Just in front of the 1 /4x20 screw is a small peg used to secure video cameras to the tripod. If you are not using a video camera, this peg, which is spring-loaded, will push down into the tripod head.
3.
Rotate the platform lock clockwise. Slide the front of the platform in first, then pivot the back in.
4.
Push the platform lock counterclockwise until it touches the under side of the tripod head.
This will hold the platform in place.
Once mounted on the tripod, you are ready to attach the standard accessories.
Slow Motion Control
The Photographic Tripod Slow Motion Control (#93804-A) is not a mount, but a fine pointing tool that fits between your spotting scope and a photographic tripod head. Unlike the rough adjustment handles found on photographic tripods, the Photographic Tripod Slow Motion Control uses fine adjustment knobs to allow for precision pointing. A deluxe version (93804-DX) is also available.
What next?
With your spotting scope firmly attached to a stable platform, you are ready to attach the standard accessories and begin using your spotting scope.
THE C90 SPOTTING SCOPE
This section covers the correct set up and operating procedures for your Celestron C90 spotting scope and includes information on visual and photographic observations. The C90 spotting scope uses a combination of mirrors and lenses to produce an image. Such an optical system is known as a compound lens. This particular design, known as a Maksutov-Cassegrain, is one of the most compact and rugged optical systems on the market today. The basic C90 (#81031) comes standard with the following accessories:
•
25mm Eyepiece .96” (40x)
•
8x20 Erect Image Finderscope
•
45° Erect Image Diagonal - .96”
•
Photo Tripod Adapter block
•
Lens Caps
Celestron also offers model #81027 which include the following accessories:
•
26mm Plossl Eyepiece 1-1/4” (38x)
•
8x20 Erect Image Finderscope
•
45° Erect Image Diagonal .96” to 1-1/4”
•
Photo Tripod Adapter Block
•
Lens Caps
All models have multicoated corrector lenses. Model #81031 has the standard glossy black paint finish while model #81027 is rubber covered.
Take a few minutes to study the diagram on the following page to help familiarize yourself with the various parts of your spotting scope for set up and ongoing use.
Removing the Lens Cover
To protect your C90, the objective lens, rear cell, and accessories are fitted with protective covers. All are tension-fitted and easily removed by pulling off. The covers should be removed as each piece is installed.
Once removed, place the covers in the box to ensure they won’t get lost.
Attaching the Standard Accessories
With your C90 attached to a sturdy mount, as described earlier in this manual, you are ready to attach the standard accessories. To do this:
1.
Remove the protective cover from the rear cell of the C90, the 45
º
Erect Image Diagonal, and the eyepiece.
2.
Loosen the thumbscrew on the rear cell of the C90 so that the opening (i.e., inner diameter) is unobstructed.
3.
Slide the chrome barrel of the 45 º Erect Image Diagonal into the rear cell.
4.
Tighten the thumbscrew on the rear cell to hold it in place.
5.
Loosen the thumbscrew on the eyepiece holder of the 45
º
Erect Image Diagonal. Make sure that it does not block the inner diameter of the eyepiece holder.
6.
Insert the chrome barrel of the eyepiece into the 45
º
Erect Image Diagonal.
7.
Tighten the thumbscrew on the 45° Erect Image Diagonal to hold the eyepiece in place.
The installation method described here is the same for both .96" and 1-1/4" accessories.
Using Your C90 Visually
With the standard accessories attached, you are ready for your first look.
1.
Point your C90 at a distant object.
2.
Locate the object in the finderscope. The finder is mounted and aligned at the factory. If the alignment is not accurate, realign the finderscope by following the instructions on the next page.
3.
Center the target on the cross hairs by adjusting the tripod controls.
4.
Look through the C90 and center your target.
Repeat this process for each object you observe.
Focusing
To focus, turn the focus ring on the C90 tube until the image is sharp. On the rubber covered C90, turn the front portion of the lens to focus. For objects closer than the one you are currently observing, turn the focusing ring clockwise and for objects further away, turn counterclockwise. The C90 has a tremendous amount of focus travel to allow for critical, sharp focusing.
Changing Eyepieces
You can vary the power of your C90 spotting scope simply by changing eyepieces (purchased separately).
To change eyepieces:
1.
Loosen the thumbscrew on the 45° Erect Image Diagonal.
2.
Remove the eyepiece currently in the spotting scope.
3.
Insert a new eyepiece into the 45° Erect Image Diagonal.
4.
Tighten the thumbscrew on the 45° Erect Image Diagonal to hold the eyepiece in place
With the new eyepiece in place you will need to refocus your C90 (unless the eyepieces have the same focus point, something known as being parfocal). Once again, turn the focusing ring until the image is sharp.
You can upgrade your Model # 81031 to use 1-1/4” eyepieces by purchasing the Erect Image Diagonal
(#94113-A). The larger diameter eyepieces allows you a wider field of view and better eye relief.
Celestron offers a wide variety of eyepieces as optional accessories. To determine the magnification of each eyepiece used with your C90 spotting scope, see the section “Calculating Magnification” at the end of this manual.
In addition to eyepieces, you may also use a Barlow lens to increase magnification. A Barlow lens is a negative lens that increases the focal length of a spotting scope. Used with an eyepiece it increases the magnification. The amount of the increase depends on the lens itself and its position in the optical system.
Celestron offers one Barlow lens designed for use with .96” systems (#93502) and two for the 1-1/4” systems (#93506 & #93507).
Aligning the Finderscope
The C90 comes with an 8x20 finderscope to help you locate distant objects that might be overlooked in the narrow field of the main optics. The finder is attached and aligned at the Celestron factory. However, if the finder becomes misaligned, use the following procedure to align it:
1.
Choose a target in excess of one mile away. This will eliminate any possible parallax effect.
2.
Point the C90 at your target and center it in the main optics of the spotting scope.
3.
Adjust the screws on the finder bracket until the cross hairs in the finder are centered on the target.
4.
Tighten each screw a quarter of a turn so they will not come loose.
Using Your C90 Photographically
Your C90 can be used photographically as well as visually. To turn your C90 into a 1000mm telephoto lens all you need is a C90 T-Adapter (#93635-A) and a T-Ring for your particular camera make (i.e., Nikon,
Minolta, Pentax, etc.). The T-Ring replaces the 35mm SLR camera’s normal lens.
Attaching a Camera
To attach a camera to your C90:
1.
Remove all visual accessories.
2.
Thread the T-Ring onto the T-Adapter.
3.
Mount your camera body onto the T-Ring the same as you would any other lens.
4.
Thread the T-Adapter onto the back of the C90 by rotating the slip ring clockwise while holding the camera in the desired orientation (either vertical or horizontal).
Focusing
The focusing mechanism is the same photographically and visually. However, due to the high magnification, the micro prism focuser in your camera may "black out." If this is the case, you will have to use the ground glass portion of your focusing screen, which itself may be dark. For the best results, take your time. Look at your subject carefully to make sure that you have the sharpest possible focus. To achieve a very sharp focus, consider using a focusing magnifier.
These devices are readily available from your local camera store.
If you can not get a sharp focus, check to see if your subject is closer than the near focus distance listed in the "Technical Specification" section.
Filters
Sometimes it is desirable to use filters to increase photographic contrast. You can use Series V drop-in filters available at some large specialty photography stores. They drop into the rear cell of the C90. The T-Adapter, then threads over the filter to hold it in place.
Attaching a Video Camera
The C90 can be adapted to a video or Super 8 movie camera by using the optional T-C 16mm
Adapter (#93636) and the C90 T-Adapter (#93635-A). To attach a video camera to the C90:
1.
Remove all accessories from the C90.
2.
Remove the video camera’s normal lens.
3.
Thread the narrow end of the T-C 16mm adapter into the video camera.
4.
Thread the wide end of the T-C 16mm Adapter onto the T-Adapter.
5.
Thread the T-Adapter onto the C90 while holding the camera in the horizontal position.
Due to the weight of some video cameras, you may need additional support.
Storing Your C90
To minimize the need to clean your C90, replace all lens covers after use. The spotting scope can be left on a tripod for display purposes or returned to its shipping carton. Since the rear cell of your C90 spotting scope is not sealed, the eyepiece or protective cover MUST be placed over the opening in the rear cell when not in use. This will prevent contaminants from entering the optical system.
Carrying Case
A deluxe foam fitted carrying case (#302042) is optional for both models of the C90. It is rugged and has room for a camera body and other items.
Technical Specifications
Below is pertinent technical information on your C90 spotting scope that you may find useful.
Optical System
Aperture:
Focal Length:
Near Focus:
with standard eyepiece:
with camera:
Useful Power Range:
Linear Field of View:
Angular Field of View:
F/ratio:
Length:
Weight:
Maksutov-Cassegrain
90mm (3.55")
1000mm (40")
5'
6'
25x to 210x
53' (79' with 1-1/4" eyepiece)
1.0° (1.5° with 1-1/4" eyepiece) f/11
7.75"
3lb. 4oz.
Note: All specifications are stated for the C90 using the standard accessories. These specifications are approximate and may change without notice.
VISUAL OBSERVING INFORMATION
Focusing
When working with any optical instrument, there are several focusing hints that will ensure that you get the sharpest possible image. The hints listed here are for visual observing and photography.
•
Never look through glass. Glass found in household windows is optically imperfect and may vary in thickness from one location to the next. This inconsistency can and will affect the ability to focus your spotting scope. In most cases, you will not be able to achieve a truly sharp focus. In some cases, you may actually see a double image. This effect is more pronounced with compound (catadioptric) lenses, like the C90, than with refractive lenses.
•
Avoid looking across or over objects that are producing heat waves. This includes asphalt parking lots on hot summer days or building rooftops. The turbulent air caused by these conditions makes it impossible to get a truly sharp focus.
•
Avoid hazy skies, fog, and mist, all of which can make it difficult to focus, thus greatly reducing the amount of detail seen. Remember that no matter how good the optics of your instrument are, they can
NOT perform to their fullest under adverse conditions.
Calculating Magnification (Power)
You can change the magnification of your spotting scope simply by changing the eyepiece (also called an ocular). To determine the magnification with your spotting scope, simply divide the focal length of your spotting scope by the focal length of the eyepiece. In equation format, the formula looks like this:
Magnification =
Focal Length of Spotting Scope (mm)
___________________________________________________
Focal Length of Eyepiece (mm)
For example, to determine the magnification of the C90 with a 30mm eyepiece, divide the focal length of the C90 (l000mm) by the focal length of the eyepiece (30mm). 1000 divided by 30 yields 33 power.
Although the power is variable, each instrument has a limit to the highest useful magnification. The general rule is that 60 power can be used for every inch of aperture. For example, in a 3.5” diameter spotting scope, such as the C90, the maximum useful magnification is 210 power. This is derived from multiplying 60 times 3.5. Although this is the maximum useful magnification, most observing is done in the range of 20 to 35 power for every inch of aperture which for the C90 is 70 to 105.
Field of View
Determining the field of view is important if you want to get an idea of the size of the object you are observing. To calculate the actual field of view, divide the apparent field of the eyepiece (supplied by the eyepiece manufacturer) by the magnification. In equation format, the formula looks like this:
Apparent Field of Eyepiece
True Field (in degrees) =
______________________________________
Magnification
Using the example we started with in the previous section, we can determine the field of view using the same 30mm eyepiece. The 30mm eyepiece has an apparent field of view of 50°. Divide the 50° by the magnification, which is 33 power. This yields an actual field of 1.5°, or a degree and a half. To convert this to feet at one thousand yards, multiply the actual field of 1.5° by 52.5. This gives us a field width of 78.8
feet at one thousand yards.
PHOTOGRAPHY HINTS
Metering
Celestron spotting scopes have fixed apertures and, as a result, fixed f/ratios. To properly expose your subjects photographically, you need to set your shutter speed accordingly. Most 35mm SLR cameras offer through-the-lens metering which lets you know if your picture is under or overexposed. Adjustments for proper exposures are made by changing the shutter speed. Consult your camera manual for specific information on metering and changing shutter speeds.
Reducing Vibration
Releasing the shutter manually can cause vibrations, producing blurred photos. To reduce vibration when tripping the shutter, use a cable release. A cable release keeps your hands clear of the camera and lens, thus eliminating the possibility of introducing vibration. Mechanical shutter releases can be used, though airtype releases are best.
Blurry pictures can also result from shutter speeds that are too slow. To prevent this, use films that produce shutter speeds greater than 1/250 of a second when hand-holding the lens. If the lens is mounted on a tripod, the exposure length is virtually unlimited.
Another way to reduce vibration is with the Vibration Suppression Pads (#93503). These pads rest between the ground and tripod feet. They reduce the vibration amplitude and vibration time.
ASTRONOMY WITH YOUR SPOTTING SCOPE
A spotting scope is nothing more than a telescope that produces correctly oriented images. That is why all
Celestron spotting scopes are so well-suited for looking around the Earth. But this in no way limits the spotting scope to terrestrial use. On the contrary, the C90 spotting scopes work well as astronomical telescopes for observing the sky.
Observing the Sun
Although overlooked by many amateur astronomers, solar observation is both rewarding and fun.
However, because the Sun is so bright, special precautions must be taken when observing our star so as not to damage your eyes or your spotting scope. Never project an image of the Sun through the telescope.
Tremendous heat build-up inside the optical tube can damage the spotting scope and/or any accessories attached to the spotting scope. To observe the Sun in complete safety, use a proper Mylar solar filter.
These filters reduce the intensity of the Sun’s light, making it safe to view. With these filters you can see sunspots as they move across the solar disk as the Sun rotates. In addition, you can see tiny grain shaped structures called granules, which are convection cells on the Sun. Be sure to cover the lens of the
finderscope when observing the Sun. This will ensure that the finderscope itself is not damaged and that no one looks through it accidentally.
Observing the Moon
In the night sky, the Moon is a prime target for your first look because it is extremely bright and easy to find. Often, it is tempting to look at the Moon when it is full. At this time, the face we see is fully illuminated and its light is overpowering. In addition, little or no contrast can be seen at this time.
One of the best times to observe the Moon is during its partial phases (around the time of first or third quarter). Long shadows reveal a wealth of detail on the lunar surface. At low power you can see the entire lunar disk at one time. Change to higher power (magnification) to focus in on a smaller area.
Keep in mind that since you are not using a clock drive, the Earth’s rotation causes the Moon to drift out of your field of view. This effect is more noticeable at high power. You must manually adjust your tripod to keep the Moon centered. Consult your local newspaper or a current astronomy magazine to find out when the Moon is visible.
Observing the Planets
This same method used to observe the Moon applies to viewing the planets. You can see Venus go through its lunar-like phases. Mars reveals a host of surface detail and one, if not both, of its polar caps. You will be able to see the cloud belts of Jupiter and the great Red Spot (if it is visible at the time you are observing). In addition, you will also be able to see the moons of Jupiter as they orbit this gas giant. Saturn, with its beautiful ring system, is easily visible at moderate power.
All you need to know is when and where to look. Most astronomy publications tell where the planets can be found in the sky each month.
Observing Deep Sky Objects
Deep sky objects are simply those objects outside the boundaries of our solar system. They include star clusters, planetary nebulae, diffuse nebulae, double stars, and other galaxies outside our own Milky Way.
Because your spotting scope is not set up for serious astronomical observing, you will need to know where to look in the sky for these objects. The Celestron Sky Maps (#93722) will help you locate the brightest deep sky objects.
Once you start observing deep sky objects, there are a few things to remember. First, most deep sky objects have a large angular size. Therefore, low to moderate power is all you need to see them. Second, visually they are too faint to reveal any color that is common to photographs. Instead, they have a black and white appearance. And lastly, because of their low surface brightness, they should be observed from a dark sky location. Light pollution around large urban areas washes out most nebulae making them difficult, if not impossible, to see. An LPR (Light Pollution Reduction) Filter (#94126A) is available for use with 1 1 /4” eyepieces to allow urban use of the C90 for looking at nebulae.
Photographing the Moon
After looking at the night sky for awhile you may want to try photographing it. If you do, start with a nice, bright object like the Moon. To photograph the Moon:
1.
Attach your spotting scope to a stable platform like the Celestron Photographic Tripod (#93596).
2.
Load your camera with film that has a moderate-to-fast speed (i.e., high ISO rating). Faster films are more desirable when the Moon is a crescent. When the Moon is full, and at its brightest, slower films are more desirable. If photographing during the full phase, use a yellow filter to reduce the light intensity and to increase contrast.
3.
Center the Moon in the field of your spotting scope.
4.
Set the shutter speed to the appropriate setting (see below).
5.
Trip the shutter using a cable release so as not to shake the camera and spotting scope.
Lunar Phase ISO 50 ISO
100
Crescent
Quarter
Full
1/2
1/15
1/30
1/4
1/30
1/60
ISO
200
1/8
1/60
ISO 400
1/15
1/125
1/125 1/125
The exposure times listed here should be used as a starting point. Always make exposures that are longer and shorter than the recommended time. Also, try bracketing your exposures, taking a few photos at each shutter speed. This will ensure that you will get a good photo.
Keep accurate records of your exposures. This information will be useful if you want to repeat your results or if you want to submit some of your photos to various magazines for possible publication!
CARE AND CLEANING OF THE OPTICS
Occasionally, dust and/or moisture may build up on the lens of your spotting scope. Special care should be taken when cleaning any optical instrument so as not to damage the optics.
If dust has built up on the corrector lens, remove the dust with a camel’s hair brush or a can of pressurized air. Spray at an angle to the lens for approximately 2 to 4 seconds. Then use an optical cleaning solution
(available at most optical suppliers) and white tissue paper to remove any remaining debris. Strokes should go from the center of the lens to the outer edge. Do not rub in circles.
You can use commercially-made lens cleaner or mix your own. A good cleaning solution is isopropyl alcohol mixed with distilled water. The solution should be 60% isopropyl alcohol and 40% distilled water.
Or liquid dish soap diluted with water (a couple of drops per one quart of water) can be used.
Internal adjustments and cleaning should be done only by the Celestron repair department. If your spotting scope is in need of internal cleaning, please contact the factory for service.
More...
Celestron offers an extensive array of spotting scope accessories. Consult the Celestron Accessory Catalog
(#93685) for details.
CELESTRON LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY
A.
Celestron International (CI) warrants this spotting scope to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for its usable lifetime. CI will repair or replace such product or part thereof which, upon inspection by CI, is found to be defective in materials or workmanship. As a condition to the obligation of CI to repair or replace such product, the product must be returned to CI together with proof-of-purchase satisfactory to CI.
B.
The Proper Return Authorization Number must be obtained from CI in advance of return. Call Celestron at (310) 328-9560 to receive the number to be displayed on the outside of your shipping container.
All returns must be accompanied by a written statement setting forth the name, address, and daytime telephone number of the owner, together with a brief description of any claimed defects. Parts or product for which replacement is made shall become the property of CI.
The customer shall be responsible for all costs of transportation and insurance, both to and from the factory of CI, and shall be required to prepay such costs.
CI shall use reasonable efforts to repair or replace any spotting scope covered by this limited warranty within thirty days of receipt. In the event repair or replacement shall require more than thirty days, CI shall notify the customer accordingly. CI reserves the right to replace any product which has been discontinued from its product line with a new product of comparable value and function.
This warranty shall be void and of no force of effect in the event a covered product has been modified in design or function, or subjected to abuse, misuse, mishandling or unauthorized repair. Further, product malfunction or deterioration due to normal wear is not covered by this warranty.
CI DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHETHER OF MERCHANTABILITY OF FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR USE, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN.
THE SOLE OBLIGATION OF CI UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE TO REPAIR OR REPLACE THE
COVERED PRODUCT, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN. CI EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS
ANY LOST PROFITS, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHICH MAY RESULT
FROM BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY, OR ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY CI PRODUCT.
ANY WARRANTIES WHICH ARE IMPLIED AND WHICH CANNOT BE DISCLAIMED SHALL BE LIMITED IN
DURATION TO A TERM OF ONE YEAR FROM THE DATE OF ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE.
Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages or limitation on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
CI reserves the right to modify or discontinue, without prior notice to you, any model or style spotting scope. If warranty problems arise, or if you need assistance in using your spotting scope contact:
Celestron International
Customer Service Department
2835 Columbia Street
Torrance, CA 90503
Tel. (310) 328-9560
Fax. (310) 212-5835
Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM PST
This warranty supersedes all other product warranties.
1097
NOTE: This warranty is valid to U.S.A. and Canadian customers who have purchased this product from an Authorized CI
Dealer in the U.S.A. or Canada. Warranty outside the U.S.A. and Canada is valid only to customers who purchased from a CI
International Distributor or Authorized CI Dealer in the specific country and please contact them for any warranty service.
2835 Columbia Street
Torrance, CA 90503
(310)328-9560
(310) 212-5835 (FAX)
Web site: http:\\www.celestron.com
Copyright 1997 Celestron International
All rights reserved.
Products or instructions may change without notice or obligation.
Item #93987-95
07-98
