Dell Red Hat Enterprise Linux Version 7 software User's guide
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Dell EMC PowerEdge Systems Red Hat
Enterprise Linux 7
Installation Instructions and Important Information
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2018 - 2019 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2019 - 08
Rev. A00
Contents
Contents 3
1
Overview
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x is available on the 64-bit Intel architecture.
Topics:
•
System configuration requirements
•
Reviewing preconfiguration options
System configuration requirements
For more information on system configuration requirements for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x, see the documentation at www.redhat.com/ support .
Operating system architecture
Dell EMC supports the x86_64 version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on Dell EMC PowerEdge servers. To check if your PowerEdge system supports Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x, see the operating systems support matrix at www.dell.com/ossupport .
NOTE: If you require the x86 version of the operating system, Dell EMC recommends that you run it as a VM on x86_64 or an equivalent host. For information about installing a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x virtualized guest, go to www.access.redhat.com/ documentation .
Memory
The following table lists the system memory requirements for the x86_64 architecture of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x:
Table 1. Memory requirements for x86_64 architecture
Memory
Minimum recommended system memory
Maximum certified system memory
Size
1 GB per logical CPU
64 TB
NOTE: The kernel supported maximum system memory might be greater than the value listed in this table. For more information, see www.redhat.com/rhel/compare .
Bootable disk size
By default, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x configures partitions that are based on the boot mode of the system.
4 Overview
Table 2. Bootable disk size
Interface
BIOS or UEFI
UEFI
Disk/LUN
Lesser than 2.2 TB
Greater than 2.2 TB
Reviewing preconfiguration options
The following sections describe packages and options that are installed or preconfigured by Dell EMC.
Dell EMC preinstalled operating system packages
Dell EMC has preinstalled operating system packages on your system that provides the features that are required by the system users. If you require more features that are not provided by the packages, install more packages from the Red Hat installation media or through Red
Hat Network.
Languages
Your system is preinstalled with the Red Hat operating system for English language. However, the main system language can be selected by adjusting the required time zone.
Storage partitions
The following tables list the partition schemes for a preinstalled Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x operating system.
Table 3. Preinstalled Red Hat Enterprise Linux partitions and mount points for the primary hard disk drive
Mount Point
Utility Partition
/
/boot
Swap
/usr
/tmp
/var
/home
Size (MB)
32–326
1024
200 automatic
7168
500
5120
1024
Partition Type
FAT 32
XFS
XFS
Linux swap
XFS
XFS
XFS
XFS
Volume Group
N/A
LogVol00
N/A
LogVol01
LogVol02
LogVol03
LogVol04
LogVol05
Table 4. Preinstalled Red Hat Enterprise Linux partitions and mount points for 50 GB hard disk drive and 64 GB RAM
Mount Point
Utility Partition
/
/boot
Size (MB)
32–326
1024
200
Partition Type
FAT 32
XFS
XFS
Volume Group
N/A
LogVol00
N/A
Overview 5
Mount Point
Swap
/usr
/tmp
/var
/home
Size (MB)
Vendor recommended
10240
500
6144
2048
Partition Type
Linux swap
XFS
XFS
XFS
XFS
Volume Group
LogVol01
LogVol02
LogVol03
LogVol04
LogVol05
NOTE: The size of the default Logical Volume Management (LVM) partitions (such as, /usr and /tmp) is based on a single 36 GB hard drive. If you have a larger hard drive or multiple hard drives, use the various native LVM tools to resize the existing partitions and create partitions, as per your custom requirements.
NOTE: The minimum swap size is 250 MB. For memory up to 4 GB, it is recommended that the minimum swap size of at least 2
GB. For the recommended swap size, see www.access.redhat.com/documentation .
6 Overview
2
Creating the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x installer media
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x installer ISOs are available for download from www.access.redhat.com/downloads for the users with valid Red
Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x subscription.
For more information about the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x subscription, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Registration Activation document at www.dell.com/operatingsystemmanuals .
For the systems ordered with factory installed Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x, the installer ISOs and source code ISOs are available at:
• Installer ISOs: /var/iso_files/os_image/
• Source code ISOs: /var/iso_files/source_image/
Creating the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x installer media 7
3
Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7.x
Important information before installing
Select the boot mode to be used for the system during installation. There are two boot modes available on Dell EMC PowerEdge Servers.
• BIOS
• UEFI
NOTE: The boot configurations of UEFI and BIOS are different. Hence, the installed system must boot using the same firmware that was used during installation. You cannot install the operating system on a system that uses BIOS and then boot this installation on a system that uses UEFI.
CAUTION: Back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x operating system.
To install or reinstall your operating system, use one of the following media or methods:
• Installing using the Lifecycle Controller (LC)
• Installing on the iSCSI storage
• Installing on Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) enabled storage
Topics:
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x with Lifecycle Controller
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on systems with a Dell EMC Utility Partition
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on devices that support multipathing
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on iSCSI storage
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on FCoE-enabled storage
•
•
Updating your system packages using the Red Hat Network
•
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x with Lifecycle
Controller
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
Lifecycle Controller (LC) provides an OS Deployment wizard that assists you with the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x.
NOTE: Lifecycle Controller (LC) may not provide the latest drivers that are required to complete the installation of the operating system. Download the drivers from https://downloads.dell.com
, or use the
Dell Systems Management Tools and Documentation media
.
NOTE: Lifecycle Controller Enabled (LCE) comes with embedded drivers that are factory that is installed. Dell EMC recommends that you run the Platform Update wizard to ensure that you have the latest drivers before you install the operating system. For more information, see the Dell EMC
Lifecycle Controller User's Guide
available at www.dell.com/idracmanuals .
8 Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
To begin installation by using the operating system deployment wizard:
1 Boot the system, and press F10 . The Dell EMC logo is displayed.
2 In the left pane, click OS Deployment .
3 In the right pane, click Deploy OS .
NOTE: If your system has a RAID controller, you must configure RAID before you continue with the installation of drivers.
4 From the list of operating systems, select Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.7x86_64 bit .
LC extracts the driver update disk to an internal USB drive labeled OEMDRV .
After the drivers are extracted, LC prompts you to insert the operating system installation media.
5 Click Next .
6 Select BIOS or UEFI when prompted, and click Next .
7 Insert the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x installation media, and click Next .
8 Click Finish to reboot the system, and continue with the operating system installation by booting to the operating system media.
NOTE: After reboot, the system prompts you to press a key to boot to the operating system media. If you do not press a key, the system boots to the hard drive.
NOTE: All the copied drivers are removed after 18 hours. Complete the operating system installation within 18 hours. To remove the drivers before 18 hours, reboot the system, press F10 , and reenter LC.
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on systems with a Dell EMC Utility Partition
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
The Dell EMC Utility Partition contains diagnostics and other utilities that can be initiated during system boot. If you are installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on a system with a Dell EMC Utility Partition, install the boot loader on the first sector of the boot partition. This retains the option of booting from the Dell EMC Utility Partition as the system does not overwrite the MBR.
To install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x:
1 Select the appropriate option in Which type of installation would you like?
NOTE: Such that the existing Dell EMC Utility Partition is not deleted.
2 Select Review and Modify partitioning layout and click Next .
3 Review the partition setup and click Next .
4 Confirm to Write changes to disk .
5 When prompted to install the boot loader, click Change Device .
6 Select First sector of boot partition and click OK .
7 Follow the instructions on your screen and complete the installation.
NOTE: By default, the installer does not overwrite the utility partition.
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on devices that support multipathing
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
1 Configure the storage array to enable multipathing.
Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
9
To configure the storage array for your system, see the specific PowerVault system documentation at Dell.com/powervaultmanuals .
2 After the storage array is set up, follow the Prerequisite Steps for using multipath devices from the Dell EMC PowerVault MD3200 and
MD3220 Storage Arrays Owner’s Manual at Dell.com/powervaultmanuals .
3 During the operating system installation, select Specialized Storage Devices on the Storage Devices page.
4 Click Next .
5 On the Storage Device Selection page, click the Multipath Devices tab.
6 Select the multipath device that is displayed on this window and continue with the installation.
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on iSCSI storage
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x-based systems can connect to an iSCSI storage array either through the iSCSI software stack, an iSCSI Host
Bus Adapter (HBA), or an iSCSI offload hardware.
1 Configure the network interface controllers to access the iSCSI storage.
2 During the operating system installation, select Specialized Storage Devices in the Storage Devices window, and then click Next .
3 In the Storage Device Selection window, click Other SAN Devices .
4 Select the SAN device that is displayed in this window, and complete the installation.
Installing by using the Software iSCSI initiator
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
1 Configure the network interface controllers to access the iSCSI storage.
2 During the operating system installation, select Specialized Storage Devices on the Storage Devices screen, and then click Next .
3 On the Storage Device Selection screen, click Advanced Storage Options to connect to the iSCSI target or FCoE SAN.
4 Select Add iSCSI Target and click Add Drive .
5 On the Configure iSCSI Parameters screen, provide the required information, and click Add Target to connect to the iSCSI target.
Installing using the hardware iSCSI initiator
CAUTION: Back up all data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
1 Configure the network interface controllers to access the iSCSI storage.
2 During the operating system installation, select Specialized Storage Devices on the Storage Devices screen, and then click Next.
3 On the Storage Device Selection screen, click the Other SAN Devices tab.
4 Select the SAN device that is displayed on this screen and continue with the installation.
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x on FCoEenabled storage
CAUTION: Ensure that you back up all the data from the system before installing or upgrading the operating system.
1 During the operating system installation, select Specialized Storage Devices in the Storage Devices window, and then click Next .
2 In the Storage Device Selection window, click Add Advanced Target .
The Advanced Storage Options window is displayed. You can connect to the iSCSI target or the FCoE SAN through this window.
10 Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
3 To configure FCoE SAN, select Add FCoE SAN and click Add Drive .
The Configure FCoE Parameters window is displayed.
4 Select the network interface that is connected to your FCoE switch and click Add FCoE Disks .
Add-on device drivers
All Dell EMC add-on device driver packages that are not on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x media are packaged as kernel module packages (kmods). For devices that require updated drivers other than those present on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x media, see www.dell.com/support .
NOTE: Your system does not require a driver update if there are no driver packages available on www.dell.com/support .
For a list of add-on device drivers that are installed on your system, type the following command at the command prompt: rpm -qa |grep kmod
NOTE: For more information on add-on drivers, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux driver update program at www.access.redhat.com
.
Updating your system packages using the Red Hat
Network
NOTE: To update your system with the latest operating system packages using RHN (Red Hat Network) service, see www.rhn.redhat.com
.
Red Hat periodically releases software updates to fix issues, address security issues, and add new features and hardware support. You can download updated operating system packages and the latest kernel releases and updates:
• By performing a manual download from the RHN service at www.rhn.redhat.com
.
• By using the yum utility .
It is recommended that you use the RHN service to update your system software to the latest revisions before deploying your system.
Important information biosdevname utility
In the earlier versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the interface names that are assigned by the operating system did not map to the corresponding ports on the system board or on the add-in network adapters. For example, eth0 need not necessarily be associated with port0 on the system board.
The biosdevname utility enables the operating system to logically assign and map Ethernet interface names with the respective physical ports on the system board or the add-in network adapters.
The new naming convention is as follows:
Lan-On-
Motherboard interfaces em <port number>
(ethernet-on-motherboard <1,2,..>)
PCI add-in interfaces p<slot number>p<port number>_<virtual function instance>
For more information on the biosdevname utility and the new naming scheme, see www.linux.dell.com/files/whitepapers .
Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
11
NOTE: If you do not want to use the new naming scheme, you can turn if off during installation or post installation by passing the kernel command line parameter biosdevname=0 . The new naming scheme is enforced by default at the time of installation and run time on supported Dell EMC systems.
Trusted Platform Module 2.0 support on Red Hat Enterprise
Linux 7.3
Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 requires kernel support and userspace support. The userspace support is implemented by using the following utilities:
• tpm2.0-tools
• TPM2.0-TSS
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.3 offers kernel support for TPM 2.0. The userspace packages such as tpm2.0-tools and TPM2.0-TSS library are not present in RHEL 7.3.
12 Installing or reinstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
4
Issues or limitations before installation
Topics:
•
•
•
Kernel panic occurs when OMSA services are started on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
•
Unable to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 in the UEFI mode
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 by using the iDRAC Virtual Media does not resume if the iDRAC network is set to the shared LOM mode
Description:
Applies to:
Cause:
Workaround:
When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 by using the iDRAC Virtual Media, where the iDRAC network is set to
Shared LOM mode, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 installer initiates a reset on the LAN on Motherboard (LOM) devices.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
If Spanning Tree is enabled on the switch, there could be a delay in the switch port forwarding network traffic.
This delay results in loss of connection to iDRAC or Virtual Media and the installation stops. After sometime the connectivity is restored but the installer but the installation does not resume.This is an expected behavior from the installer.
Disable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or set PortFast on the uplink port to the iDRAC, during the Virtual Media installation.
Unable to shut down Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 when you select Graceful shutdown option or when you press power button on system
Description:
Applies to:
Cause:
Solution:
When you select the Graceful shutdown option from any system management interface such as iDRAC or press the power button, the system goes to suspended state and stops all the tasks or does nothing. So, firmware updates through iDRAC would take longer than expected as iDRAC sends out Graceful shutdown signal but the system does not shut down.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6
By default, the Power button action is mapped to the Suspended state in the System settings.
Update the Power button action manually to perform shut down by one of the following methods:
• Go to Power settings > Suspend & Power button actions , and then select Power off for "When the Power button is pressed"
Issues or limitations before installation 13
or
Run the command: "gnome-tweak-tool" , and then go to Power settings > Suspend & Power button actions for "When Power Button is pressed"
• Execute the following commands with root privileges: a gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power shutdown or gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power power-buttonaction 'interactive' b dconf update
• Change the default behavior using the following steps: a Create a file using /etc/dconf/db/local.d/01-power with the following contents:
[org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power] button-sleep='nothing' button-suspend='nothing' button-hibernate='nothing' button-power='shutdown' b Create a file using /etc/dconf/db/local.d/locks/01-power with the following contents:
/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/button-sleep
/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/button-suspend
/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/button-hibernate
/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/button-power c Run the command: dconf update d User must log out and log in again before the system-wide settings take effect.
NOTE: The above workaround may not work when the system is locked. GNOME prevents the accidental shutdown when system is locked. As a security precaution, GNOME does not allow any power related actions such as shutdown from any system management interfaces like iDRAC or pressing the power button unless the user is active and logged in OS.
NOTE: The preceding steps are not applicable to RHEL 7.4. The workaround for RHEL 7.4 is to install the acpid package, and replace /etc/acpi/actions/power.sh
content with the following content:
#!/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin shutdown -h now
Kernel panic occurs when OMSA services are started on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
Description:
Applies to:
Cause:
Workaround:
Kernel panic occurs when OpenManage Server Administrator (OMSA) services are started on Red Hat Enterprise
Linux 7.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0
The Kernel might spend more time in servicing the kernel timer functions and set a flag to prevent the other code from resetting the timer hardware (APIC timer). Then it programs the timer hardware for a timeout up to 100 milliseconds to run the kernel timer functions. At the next timer hardware interrupt, this flag is cleared. However, there is a bug in the kernel where this flag can be ignored in one specific code path. When this happens, the timer hardware can be set to the wrong timeout value. This incorrect timeout value can be over 10 seconds during this time no kernel timer function runs.
Update the kernel to Z-stream kernel.
14 Issues or limitations before installation
Unable to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 in the
UEFI mode
Description:
Applies to:
Cause:
During the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, the Anaconda installer is unable to create boot entry using
EFIbootmgr , in the UEFI mode.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0
EFIbootmgr is unable to create a UEFI boot entry, when boot variables of Hard drive C: (under BIOS) is greater than 1024 bytes. This is a known limitation.
Workaround:
1 Remove all the bootable devices shown under Hard Drive C: (listed in BIOS under F11 option).
2 Boot into legacy BIOS, and change the boot setting to UEFI mode.
3 Reboot the server, re insert the devices that are removed under Hard Drive C: and reinstall.
Issues or limitations before installation 15
5
Getting help
Topics:
•
•
Related documentation for Linux
•
•
•
Contacting Dell EMC
Dell EMC provides several online and telephone-based support and service options. Availability varies by country, region, and product, and some services may not be available in your area.
To contact Dell EMC for sales, technical assistance, or customer service issues, see www.dell.com/contactdell .
If you do not have an active Internet connection, you can find contact information on your purchase invoice, packing slip, bill, or the product catalog.
Related documentation for Linux
NOTE: For information on deploying Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization, see the product documentation available at www.access.redhat.com/documentation .
Product documentation from Dell EMC includes:
• Installation Instructions and Important Information Guide
• Release Notes
NOTE: For more information on Dell EMC PowerEdge servers compatibility with supported operating systems, see www.dell.com/ossupport .
Linux videos on Dell EMC PowerEdge servers
To view the videos related to supported operating systems for Dell EMC PowerEdge servers, go to Supported Operating Systems for Dell
EMC PowerEdge Systems .
Table 5. Linux videos on Dell EMC PowerEdge servers
Video title
OS Deployment - Installing and configuring Red Hat Enterprise
Linux 7 by using PXE install method
Unattended OS Installation, BIOS Mode
Unattended OS Installation, UEFI Mode
Links https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIDLxsfctlo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYunu3TIXik https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2ORV1Rt5VU
16 Getting help
Documentation resources
This section provides information about the documentation resources for your server.
Table 6. Additional documentation resources for your server
Task
Setting up your server
Document Location
For information about installing the server into a rack, see the rack documentation included with your rack solution or the Getting Started
Guide that is shipped with your server.
www.dell.com/poweredgemanuals
Configuring your server
Managing your server
For information about turning on the server and the technical specifications of your server, see the Getting Started Guide that is shipped with your server.
www.dell.com/poweredgemanuals
For information about the iDRAC features, configuring and logging in to iDRAC, and managing your server remotely, see the Integrated
Dell Remote Access Configuration
Tool User's Guide.
www.dell.com/idracmanuals
For information about installing the operating system, see operating system documentation.
www.dell.com/operatingsystemmanuals
For information about understanding Remote Access
Controller Admin (RACADM) subcommands and supported
RACADM interfaces, see the iDRAC RACADM CLI Guide .
www.dell.com/idracmanuals
For information about updating
drivers and firmware, see Download drivers and firmware topic in this
document.
www.dell.com/support/drivers
For information about server management software offered by
Dell EMC, see the Dell EMC
Systems Management Overview
Guide .
www.dell.com/openmanagemanuals
For information about setting up, using, and troubleshooting
OpenManage, see the Dell EMC
OpenManage Server Administrator
User's Guide .
www.dell.com/openmanagemanuals
For information about installing, using, and troubleshooting Dell www.dell.com/openmanagemanuals
Getting help 17
Task Document
EMC OpenManage Essentials, go to www.dell.com/ openmanagemanuals >
OpenManage Essentials User’s
Guide .
Location
For information about installing and using Dell SupportAssist, see the
Dell EMC SupportAssist Enterprise
User's Guide .
www.dell.com/serviceabilitytools
Working with the Dell EMC
PowerEdge RAID controllers
For understanding the features of
Dell EMC Lifecycle Controller (LC), see the Lifecycle Controller User's
Guide .
www.dell.com/idracmanuals
For information about partner programs enterprise systems management, see the
OpenManage Connections
Enterprise Systems Management documents.
www.dell.com/esmmanuals
For information about viewing inventory, performing configuration, and monitoring tasks, remotely turning on or off servers, and enabling alerts for events on servers and components using the
Dell EMC Chassis Management
Controller (CMC), see the Chassis
Management Controller User's
Guide .
www.dell.com/esmmanuals
For information about understanding the features of the
Dell EMC PowerEdge RAID controllers (PERC) and deploying the PERC cards, see the Storage controller documentation.
www.dell.com/storagecontrollermanuals
Understanding event and error messages
For information about checking the event and error messages generated by the system firmware and agents that monitor server components, see the Dell EMC
Event and Error Messages
Reference Guide.
www.dell.com/openmanagemanuals
Troubleshooting your system For information about identifying and troubleshooting the
PowerEdge server issues, see the
PowerEdge Servers
Troubleshooting Guide .
www.dell.com/poweredgemanuals
18 Getting help
Download drivers and firmware
It is recommended that you download and install the latest BIOS, drivers, and systems management firmware on your system.
Ensure that you clear the web browser cache before downloading the drivers and firmware.
1 Go to www.dell.com/support/drivers .
2 In the Drivers & Downloads section, enter the Service Tag of your system in the Enter a Dell Service Tag, Dell EMC Product ID, or
Model field, and then click Submit .
NOTE: If you do not have the Service Tag, click Detect PC to allow the system to automatically detect your Service Tag.
3 Click Drivers & Downloads .
A list of applicable downloads is displayed.
4 Download the drivers or firmware to a USB drive, CD, or DVD.
Documentation feedback
You can rate the documentation or write your feedback on any of our Dell EMC documentation pages and click Send Feedback to send your feedback.
Getting help 19
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