Caterpillar 5J, 7J, 7K, 8J, 950 Series Steering Systems Service Manual

 SERVICE MANUAL
950 STEERING
SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
This publication has instructions and procedures for the subject on the front
cover. The information, specifications, and illustrations in this publication
are on the basis of information that was current at the time this issue was
written.
Correct operation, maintenance, test and repair procedures will give this
product a long service life. Before starting a test, repair or rebuild job, the
serviceman must read the respective sections of the Service Manual, and
know all the components he will work on.
Your safety, and the safety of others, is at all times very important. When
you see this symbol O in the manual, you must know that caution is
needed for the procedure next to it. This symbol is a warning. To work
safely, you must understand the job you do. Read all instructions to know
what is safe and what is not safe.
It is very important to know the weight of parts. Do not lift heavy parts by
hand. Use a hoist. Make sure heavy parts have a good stability on the ground.
A sudden fall can cause an accident. When lifting part of a machine, make
sure the machine has blocks at front and rear. Never let the machine hang on
a hoist, put blocks or stands under the weight.
When using a hoist, follow the recommendation in the manual. Use correct
lift tools as shown in illustrations to get the correct balance of the
component you lift. This makes your work safe at all times.
40400X1
950 STEERING SYSTEM
SYSTEMS OPERATION
Page
Flow of Oil in Neutral Position ............... iii. 5
Flow of Oil in Right Turn Position ...........éeeeexrnecoocooraroecarecrcorae.. 6
Operation of Follow-Up Linkage ..............eeeremeorecorvererereoecoen.. 7
Operation of Relief Valve . ........ iii i i i 0 0 4 a 6 a 6 8 0 a ee ae a ea ne» 7
Steering Hydraulic System ..........o_eeenesarorrocacoaeorarvrararneoreorveraa 5
TESTING AND ADJUSTING
Instrumentation Tests .........o._ereerecrecorrerrerearoariaceaovcarararme, 9
Checking Centered Turning Angle .......... iii iia. 12
Checking Frame Stop Clearance .............. cinerea 12
Checking Pump Efficiency ........ coi ee i tt a ee a 0 en 6 10
Checking Steering Speed ........22100 022 La aa a ea 44e ea a ae 4 a a ee a 4 a ea 0 0 12
Follow-Up Linkage Adjustment ...........o_eecoeorececosoreroooreorenmorneo 11
Steering Gear Adjustment ........e._eñ_ocoeocrrorareenorevrearoraao rene 11
Testing Cylinder Pressure Balance ...................... i... 11
Testing Pressure Relief Valve . . .......... iii i iii iin. 10
Operational Checks ................. tt tt eee eee ree 9
Checking Steering Effort ........ iii i ie ieee 9
Steering Hydraulic System ......1 20111114 A La ee iti tte siesta 9
Visual Checks... cee tee 9
SPECIFICATIONS
Control Valve for Steering ............o_.er-roeceorcocarocanreroononacon 14,15
Hitch Group .........o_oeereendooeoaaronrarercadarecoracaanvoneoonaneno 18
Hydraulic Pump ...........esnedccoreoooararocvocaroancvarerverareaaveroao 16
Steering Cylinders ......... oii iit eter teeta 17
Steering Gear and Follow-Up Linkage ..........oeó.eecoreorroooeoneosaarereo 17
INDEX
950 STEERING SYSTEM SYSTEMS OPERATION
STEERING HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
The small section of the loader and steering
pump supplies oil for the steering system. Oil from
the steering control valve returns to the supply
tank.
Turning the steering wheel causes the steering
gear to position the steering control valve spool
which directs oil flow to the steering cylinders.
A spring-loaded follow-up linkage provides a
follow-up to the steering control valve spool,
centering the spool when the rotation of the
steering wheel is stopped. The linkage also counter-
acts steering shock by opening the control valve
slightly, when external forces are exerted on the
machine.
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14
15
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160999 21
STEERING COMPONENTS
1. Left steering cylinder. 2. Oil line. 3. Rear frame. 4.
Left steering cylinder rod. 5. Front frame. 6. Junction. 7.
Oit line. 8. Hydraulic oil pump. 9, Oil line from pump to
contro! valve. 10, Oil line. 11. Oil line. 12. Steering
control valve. 13. Return line to tank. 14, Steering control
valve spool. 15, Oil line. 16. Right steering cylinder. 17.
Junction. 18. Drain line from steering control valve. 19.
Oil line. 20. Hydraulic oil supply tank. 21. Right steering
cylinder rod.
The head ends of the cylinders are mounted to
the rear frame and the cylinder rods are attached
to the front frame. The cylinders pull and push the
front frame from side to side to produce the
required turning angle.
When making a right turn, oil is directed to the
head end of the left steering cylinder and the rod
end of the right steering cylinder. The left cylinder
rod extends and the right cylinder rod retracts,
moving the front frame to the right. When making
a left turn, the oil flow is reversed.
STEERING COMPONENTS
6. Junction. 7. Oil line. 8. Hydraulic oil pump. 9. Oil line
from pump to control valve, 10. Oil line, 11. Oif line. 12.
Steering control valve. 13. Return line to tank. 14,
Steering control valve spool. 15. Oil fine. 17. Junction. 19.
Oil line. 22. Follow-up linkage. 23. Steering gear assembly.
FLOW OF OIL IN NEUTRAL POSITION
When control valve spool (20) is in NEUTRAL
(centered position), the vehicle is not steering. Oil
pressure in steering cylinders (1 and 2) is equal
because of the small amount of pump oil from
passage (14) flowing through slots (A) into ports
(12 and 16) which lead to the steering cylinders.
1 2
WELL 7
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STEERING SYSTEM IN NEUTRAL POSITION
1. Steering cylinder. 2, Steering cylinder. 3. Linkage. 4.
Gear sector. 5. Gear nut. 6. Lever. 7. Steering shaft
worm. 8. Foliow-up linkage.
The equal pressure in both cylinders eliminates
erratic steering cylinder operation. A small amount
of oil is allowed to circulate through control valve
950 STEERING SYSTEM
spool unloading slots (18) to the cylinders to
compensate for steering shock.
Oil from the pump enters the valve body
through passage (14). With control valve spool (20)
in NEUTRAL position, the valve spool blocks most
of the oil flow to cylinder ports (12 and 16).
Oil pressure overcomes the force of springs (17),
moving valve (13) to the left. As valve (13) moves,
passage (11) is opened to tank and pump oil is
returned to the supply tank.
RETURN OIL
65701X1
FLOW OF OIL IN NEUTRAL POSITION
9. Spring. 10. Chamber. 11. Return passage to oil tank. 12.
Outlet port to cylinder. 13. Valve. 14. Inlet passage from
oil pump. 15. Spacer. 16. Outlet port to cylinder. 17.
Springs. 18. Unloading slots. 19. Centering spring. 20.
Spool. 21. Passage. 22. Passage. 23. Passage. 24. Shuttle
valve. A, Slots.
9 10 11, 12 13 14 A 15 16
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С RETURN OIL
T82272X1
FLOW OF OIL IN NEUTRAL POSITION
(EARLY MACHINES)
9. Spring. 10. Chamber. 11. Return passage to oil tank. 12.
Outlet port to cylinder. 13. Valve. 14. Iniet passage from
oil pump. 15. Spacer. 16. Outlet port to cylinder. 17.
Springs. 18, Unloading slots, 19. Centering spring. 20.
Spool. 21. Passage. 22. Passage, 23. Passage. 24. Shuttle
valve, A, Slots.
SYSTEMS OPERATION
Oil in chamber (10) is displaced by valve (13)
through passages (21, 22 and 23), through shuttle
valve (24), to outlet ports (12) or (16) and out
passage (11) through slots (18). The position of the
shuttle valve is determined by the position of valve
spool (20) prior to moving to the NEUTRAL
position.
FLOW OF OIL IN RIGHT TURN POSITION
When the steering wheel is being turned to the
RIGHT, the steering shaft worm gear is threaded
down through the gear nut. The levers are pivoted
counterclockwise, pulling control valve spool (9)
forward in the control valve body. Oil is directed
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FLOW OF OIL IN RIGHT TURN POSITION
1. Pilot valve. 2. Chamber. 3. Return passage to oil tank. 4.
Outlet port to cylinders. 5. Inlet passage from oil pump. 6.
Slots. 7. Outlet port to cylinders, 8. Passage. 9. Valve
spool. 10, Passage. 11. Shuttle valve. 12. Passage. 13.
Land. 14. Unloading slots.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 il
HN PRESSURE OIL 12 13
(I RE TURN OIL
14
T82273X1
FLOW OF OIL IN RIGHT TURN POSITION
(EARLY MACHINES)
1. Pilot valve. 2. Chamber. 3. Return passage to oil tank. 4.
Outiet port to cylinders. 5, Inlet passage from oil pump. 6.
Slots. 7. Outlet port to cylinders. 8. Passage. 9. Valve
spool. 10. Passage. 11, Shuttle valve. 12. Passage. 13.
Land. 14. Unloading slots.
950 STEERING SYSTEM
out port (4) to the head end of the left cylinder
and the rod end of the right cylinder to make a
right turn. The pressure oil in port (4) is also
directed through shuttle valve (11) to passage (12).
This allows the pressure oil in port (4) to be in
passage (10) which leads to relief valve chamber
(2).
As the machine is turning, the changing angle
between the front and rear frames actuates the
follow-up linkage. The linkage returns valve spool
(9) back to the NEUTRAL position when the
steering wheel is stopped.
When making a left turn, the steering gear
assembly levers are pivoted clockwise pushing
control valve spool (9) into the control valve body.
Oil is now directed from pump passage (5) out port
(7) to the head end of the right cylinder and the
rod end of the left cylinder and the vehicle starts
making a left turn.
The pressure oil in port (7) is also directed to
shuttle valve (11). Now the position of the shuttle
valve allows the pressure oil in port (7) to pass
through passage (10) to relief valve chamber (2).
OPERATION OF RELIEF VALVE
The pressure relief valve prevents excessive
pressures from being imposed on the hydraulic
system components.
If a malfunction in the follow-up linkage would
prevent the steering control valve from centering or
if an obstruction (external force) prevents the
vehicle from turning, oil pressure in the steering
circuit increases. Increased oil pressure is sensed in
relief valve chamber (4). When increasing oil
pressure reaches approximately 2500 psi (175,8
kg/cm? ), the setting of the relief valve, pilot valve
1 2 3 4 56 7 8
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JUN PRESSURE OIL
CRETURNOIL 65703X 1
OPERATION OF RELIEF VALVE
1.Spring. 2.Pilot valve. 3. Pilot valve seat. 4. Chamber. 5.
Passage. 6. Valve. 7. Return passage to oil tank. 8. Inlet
passage from pump. 9. Orifice.
SYSTEMS OPERATION
(2) is forced open. The oil in chamber (4) now
drains allowing the high pressure oil in front of
valve (6) to move the dump valve to the rear which
allows the high pressure oil to dump through
return passage (7) to the tank. |
Shims behind spring (1) adjust the force of the
spring which holds pilot valve (2) seated when the
oil pressure in the circuit is below the setting of the
relief valve. Removing shims decreases or adding
shims increases the pressure relief setting of the
valve.
OPERATION OF FOLLOW-UP LINKAGE -
The follow-up mechanism performs two opera-
tions. First, it returns the steering control valve to
the NEUTRAL position when the steering wheel 1s
stopped. Second, the mechanism can counteract
steering shock by opening the control valve slightly
and permitting pressure oil to enter the cylinder
against which shock is being applied, thus counter-
acting the shock. The follow-up mechanism also
acts as a steering stabilizer.
The rear end of follow-up linkage (11) is
connected to anchor (12) which is bolted to the
front frame.
The front end of follow-up linkage (11) is
connected to lever (9) on the steering gear on the
rear frame.
When the steering wheel is turned clockwise,
worm gear (6) is rotated down in gear nut (3) until
washer (13) contacts cover (14). As the worm gear
moves down, lever (4) and linkage (2) move the
steering control valve spool (1) from the NEU-
TRAL position. The control valve spool directs oil
to the head end of the left steering cylinder and to
the rod end of the right steering cylinder to turn
the machine to the right.
1
788031
OPERATION OF FOLLOW-UP LINKAGE
1. Valve spool. 2. Linkage. 3. Gear nut. 4. Lever, 5. Gear
sector. 6. Worm gear. 7. Shoulder. 8. Spacer. 9. Lever.
10. Retainer assembly. 11. Follow-up linkage. 12. An-
chor. 13. Washer. 14. Cover.
950 STEERING SYSTEM
When the steering wheel 1s stopped, follow-up
linkage (11) will push lever (9) toward the front of
the machine causing gear sector (5) to rotate
counterclockwise. This rotation raises gear nut (3)
and worm gear (6) as a unit causing lever (4) to
return valve spool (1) to the NEUTRAL position.
If the steering wheel is not turned further, the
steering cylinders will maintain the turning radius.
If the steering wheel is turned clockwise again, the
worm gear will move further down inside gear nut
(3) and will again cause lever (4) and linkage (2) to
move the valve spool from the NEUTRAL posi-
tion,
When the steering wheel is turned counterclock-
wise, worm gear (6) is rotated up inside gear nut
(3) until washer (13) contacts retainer assembly
(10). As the worm gear raises, lever (4) and linkage
(2) move valve spool (1) from the NEUTRAL
position. Oil 1s directed to the head end of the
right steering cylinder and to the rod end of the
left steering cylinder to turn the machine to the
left.
When the steering wheel is stopped, follow-up
linkage (11) pulls lever (9) toward the rear of the
machine causing gear sector (5) to rotate clock-
wise. Gear nut (3) and worm gear (6) move down
as a unit to position the valve spool in the
NEUTRAL position.
SYSTEMS OPERATION
950 STEERING SYSTEM
TESTING AND ADJUSTING
STEERING HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Tests and adjustments of the steering hydraulic
system can be made with a 952000 Hydraulic Flow
Meter, a 555123 Hydraulic Testing Group, a stop
watch, magnet, an inch (mm) scale and a FT508
Stop Block. In all instances, visual checks and
measurements should be made first. Then proceed
to operational checks and finally to instrumenta-
tion checks.
WARNING: When testing and adjusting the
O hydraulic system, park the machine on
level ground. Allow only one man on the
machine. Keep all other personnel away from the
machine.
VISUAL CHECKS
1. Check the oil level in the hydraulic oil supply
tank. Slowly loosen the tank filler cap and
allow tank pressure to bleed off before remov-
ing the cap.
2. Inspect all external oil lines, connections,
cylinders and external valves for leaks or
damage.
3. Inspect the steering control linkage and fol-
low-up linkage for damage. Check the adjust-
ments.
4. Remove the filter elements and check for
presence of foreign material. A magnet will
separate ferrous metal material from non-fer-
rous metal material and non-metallic sealing
material (piston rings, O-ring seals, etc.). If
such contaminants are found, the damaged
component must be located and repaired. The
hydraulic system should then be flushed.
OPERATIONAL CHECKS
The oil must be at normal operating tempera-
ture. Start the engine, raise the bucket and turn the
machine in each direction. Observe if slow, erratic,
or improper steering operation exists.
Checking Steering Effort
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL TURNING EFFORT
With the engine running, the force required to
turn the steering wheel should not exceed 6 lb.
(2,7 Kg) when measured with a spring scale at the
steering wheel rim. An alternate method is: Re-
move the cover and use a torque wrench on the
steering wheel retaining nut. Steering wheel torque
should not exceed 45 lb. in. (52 cm.kg).
PROBLEM: Steering wheel turns hard in both directions.
PROBABLE CAUSE:
1. Binding between gear nut and gear sector in
the steering gear.
Steering control valve linkage binding or dam-
aged. |
Follow-up linkage damaged. В
Drain line damaged or plugged, restricting
valve spool movement.
Binding between steering column and shaft
assembly.
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PROBLEM: Machine steers slow in both directions.
PROBABLE CAUSE:
1. Low pump output.
2. Inadequate control valve spool movement.
3. Relief valve setting low.
4. Relief valve leaking.
PROBLEM: Machine steers slow in one direction only.
PROBABLE CAUSE:
1. Inadequate control valve spool movement in
one direction (valve spool not centered).
Steering control linkage incorrectly adjusted.
Follow-up linkage damaged.
Sticking shuttle valve.
Ho
PROBLEM: Jerky or erratic steering.
PROBABLE CAUSE:
1. Air in system.
2. Malfunction of follow-up linkage.
3. Excessive backlash between the gear nut and
gear sector in the steering gear.
INSTRUMENTATION TESTS
Tools Needed: 585123 Hydraulic Testing Group, 952000
Hydraulic Flow Meter, 8M2885 Pressure
Gauge (two), FT508 Stop Block, 459402
Rule, Stop Watch.
Tests must be made with the oil at normal
operating temperature. Loosen the filler cap on
hydraulic tank to relieve tank pressure before
installing or removing test equipment.
950 STEERING SYSTEM
Checking Pump Efficiency
For any pump test, the pump flow, measured in
gpm (lit/min) at 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm? ) will be larger
than the pump flow at 1000 psi (70,3 kg/cm?) at
the same rpm.
The difference between the pump flow of two
operating pressures is the flow loss.
Method of finding flow loss . . .
Pump flow at 100 psi ..... 57.5 gpm (lit/min)*
Pump flow at 1000 psi ..... —52.0 gpm (lit/min)*
Flowloss ............ 5.5 gpm (lit/min)*
Flow loss when expressed as a percent of pump
flow is used as a measure of pump performance.
Example of finding percent of flow loss . . .
Percent
( gpm flow loss )
Р Ë
ump flow @ 100 ps x 100 = of flow
loss
* 5.5
0 N = 0
(5) х 100 = 9.5%
If the percent of flow loss is more than 10%,
pump performance is not good enough.
*Numbers in examples are for illustration and are
not values for any specific pump or pump
condition. See SPECIFICATIONS for pump flow
of a new pump at 100 psi and 1000 psi.
Test On The Machine
Install a 982000 Flow Meter. [See subject,
PUMP TESTS (CHART B) in FLOW METER TEE
TEST PROCEDURE II, FORM NO. REG00880].
Measure pump flow at 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?) and at
1000 psi (70,3 kg/cm?) with engine at 2000 rpm.
Formula I:
(em @ 100 psi — gpm @ 1000 >) Percent
gpm @ 100 psi x 100 = of flow
loss
Test On The Bench
If the test bench can not be run at 1000 psi at a
high rpm, do the first part of the test with the
pump shaft rotation at 935 rpm. Measure pump
flow at 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?) and at 1000 psi (70,3
kg/cm? ). Then in order to measure the pump flow
for the last part of the test, see SPECIFICATIONS
for: Pump rpm at 100 psi with the engine at 2000
rpm.
10
TESTING AND ADJUSTING
Formula II:
Percent
орт @ 100 psi — gpm @ 1000 psi 100 = of Hoy
gpm O 100 psi @ pump rpm
loss
Testing Pressure Relief Valve
1. Remove the floor plate directly in front of the
operator’s seat.
1 2 3 4
A
65704X1
CROSS SECTION OF STEERING CONTROL VALVE
1. Plug. 2. Shims (main relief valve). 3. Shims (balance
cylinder pressure). 4. Plug.
2. Remove the test plug (4) and install necessary
fittings, hose and a 788714 Gauge (0 to 4000
psi).
PRESSURE TAP LOCATION
4, Plug.
3. Install a FT508 Stop Block on a frame stop.
4. With engine at high idle speed turn the
machine against the stop block and hold the
steering wheel turned. The pressure relief valve
setting should be in the range of 2500 + 50 psi
(175,8 + 3,5 kg/em*).
5. Add or remove shims (2) to adjust the relief
valve setting. Adding shims increases the pres-
sure setting.
950 STEERING SYSTEM
CHANGE IN PRESSURE BY REMOVAL OR
ADDITION OF ONE SHIM (2)
SHIM CHANGE IN psi
PART NO. THICKNESS (kg/cm?)
3H2549 010 in. (0,25 mm) 79 psi {5,5 kg/cm?)
NOTE: Tighten plug (1) to 36 + 4 Ib. ft. (5,
mkg). Tighten plug (4) to 24 + 2 1b. ft. (3,
mkg) (7J966 Control Valve).
Loon
Testing Cylinder Pressure Balance
6. Install the appropriate plate assemblies be-
tween lines (12 and 13) and steering control
valve. Install a hose assembly and a 8M2885
Gauge (0 to 200 psi) in each plate assembly.
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STEERING CONTROL VALVE AND RELATED LINKAGE
5. Nut and lock. 6. Eyebolt assembly. 7. Locknut. 8.
Housing assembly 9. Setscrew. 10. Setscrew locknut. 11.
Lever. 12. Oil line to steering cylinders. 13. Oil line to
steering cylinders. 14. Linkage rod end. 15. Rod end
locknut. B. Total linear movement when steering wheel is
rotated from lock to lock. Approximately 1.12 in. (28,4
mm).
WARNING: Connect the steering safety
link.
7. Disconnect end (14) from valve spool. Discon-
nect eyebolt assembly (6) from follow-up
mechanism.
8. The steering valve spool should be centered by
lts centering springs. With the diesel engine
operating at high idle speed, the pressure on
each gauge (at lines 12 and 13) will be in the
approximate range of 55 + 15 psi (3,9 + 1,0
kg/cm? ). The difference between the pressures
must not vary more than 20 psi (1,4 kg/cm?).
If the gauge reading connected to line (13) is
higher, add shims (3).
TESTING AND ADJUSTING
Steering Gear Adjustment
If troubleshooting the system or when assem-
bling the steering gear, the following items should
be checked.
9. At assembly make certain center tooth of the
gear sector meshes with center notch of the
gear nut.
10. Backlash between the gear sector and gear nut
is set at .000 to .006 in. (0,0 to 0,15 mm).
Rotate the eccentric gear sector shaft housing
for adjustment (with right hand side cover
removed).
11. Tighten setscrew (9) to remove end clearance
of shaft, back out screw (9) 1/8 turn, and
tighten locknut (10) to 50 + 5 Ib. ft. (6,9 + 0,7
mkg).
12. The steering control valve spool should be in
the NEUTRAL or centered position because
of its centering springs. Turn the steering
wheel to its extreme left and right positions
While noting the linear movement (B) of lever
(11) and rod end (14). With the steering wheel
turned to its centered position, or when lever
(11) is in the middie of its travel, adjust end
(14) to permit a loose pin fit with the valve
spool. Install the pin in a horizontal position
as illustrated. Tighten locknut (15). Refer to
the topic CHECKING STEERING SPEED for
an additional method of final adjustment to
lever (11) and end (14).
Follow-Up Linkage Adjustment
If troubleshooting the system or when assem-
bling the follow-up linkage, the following items
should be checked.
13. Tighten plugs (16 and 19) and then adjust to
Y to % turn loose. Install the locking pins.
14. Tighten nut (21) to remove all end play
between link assembly and end. Then loosen
nut (21) % turn.
15. Back off nut (7) as far as possible. Adjust nut
(18) to obtain reference dimension (D) [.56
in. (14,2 mm)]. Adjust end (17) to obtain
reference dimension (C) [7.12 in. (180,8
mm)].
16. Adjust nut (5) on link assembly (6) to obtain
.50 in. (12,7 mm) of eyebolt assembly thread
projection beyond nut [reference dimension
(A)].
11
950 STEERING SYSTEM TESTING AND ADJUSTING
5 — |} 188027-1X1 idle rpm. Using a stop watch calibrated in
QU hundredths of a second, record the time (to
A the nearest tenth of a second) required to turn €
6 the machine to the extreme left turn position.
With the machine in the left turn position,
record the time required to turn the machine
© to the extreme right turn position. Record five
- С - readings in each direction of turning, and then
/ | Q_¢ average the times. The time required for
7 | INE ASSEMBLY extreme left to right and right to left turns
15 7 D-1 В в x should not be more than 3.0 seconds. The
Za REN qe i difference between left to right and right to
NE E 5 = mi i left turns should not be more than 0.2
a 7 WIA Re a y UE GER = seconds.
29 MS © SS SAS AN
FOLLOW-UP LINKAGE
5. Nut. 6. Eyebolt assembly. 7. Nut. 16. Plug. 17. End.
18. Nut. 19. Plug. 20. End. 21. Nut. 22, Screw. A..50
in, (12,7 mm) reference dimension. C. 7.12 in. (180,8 mm)
reference dimension. D. 56 in. (14,2 mm) reference
dimension.
Checking Centered Turning Angle
NOTE: Disconnect the steering safety link.
17. All steering linkage and other controls should
be connected. With the diesel engine operating
at high idle speed, turn the machine to right
hand stop and left hand stop, noting the
clearance dimension between the frame stops.
Adjust nut (18) to center turning angle be-
tween the frame stops. Rotating nut (18) ina
clockwise direction will increase the length of
dimension (C) and cause the machine to steer SN DONA a _781001X1
left to the center position. Tighten locking
screw (22) and nut (7). STEERING CONTROL VALVE AND LINKAGE
5. Nut and lock. 6. Eyebolt assembly. 7. Locknut. 8.
Housing assembly. 12. Oil line to steering cylinders. 13. Oil
Checking Frame Stop Clearance line to steering cylinders. 14. Linkage rod end.
WARNING: Connect the steering safety
link.
hand and left hand. Adjust the position of
eyebolt assembly (6) to provide .25 + .12 in.
(6,4 + 3,0 mm) clearance between the frame
stops. 20. By adjusting rod end (14) % turn at a time, the
steering speeds can be equalized. Loosen the
nut on rod end (14), remove the pin from rod
18. Turn the machine to steering limits, both right O
Checking Steering Speed end (14) and control valve spool, rotate the
rod end in a clockwise direction to increase
19. Turn the machine to the extreme right turn speed of right to left turn. Install the pin
position. Depress the accelerator pedal to high horizontally as illustrated and tighten the nut.
12
950 STEERING SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR
BOLTS, NUTS AND TAPERLOCK STUDS
The following charts give the standard torque values for bolts, nuts
and taperlock studs of SAE Grade 5 or better quality. Exceptions are
given in the Specifications.
THREAD DIAMETER STANDARD TORQUE
inches millimeters Ib. ft. mkg
Standard thread
TT Use these torques for bolts and nuts with
standard threads.
Ya 6,35 9+3 1,24—0,4
т 7,94 18-5 2,5+0,7
% 9,53 32+5 | 4,4+0,7
T5 11,11 s0+10 6,9 1,4
Va 12,70 75+10 10,4—1,4
т; 14,29 110-15 15,2+2,0
% 15,88 150+20 20,7 —2,8
Ya 19,05 265+35 36,6+ 4,8
ИЯ 22,23 420-60 58,1 — 8,3
1 25,40 640+80 88,5+11,1
1% 28,58 800+ 100 110,6+13,8
1% 31,75 1000+120 138 —- 16,6
1% 34,93 1200-150 166--20,7
1% 38,10 1500-- 200 207 +27,7
Use these torques for bolts and nuts on
hydraulic valve bodies.
5 7,94 13+2 1,8+0,3
% 9,53 24—2 3,3+0,3
ть 11,11 39+2 5,4+0,3
y 12,70 60+3 8,3+0,4
% 15,88 118—+4 16,3+0,5
Taperlock stud
Use these torques for studs with Taperlock threads.
Ya 6,35 5+2 0,69 0,3
ТЕ 7,94 10+3 1,4+0,4
% 9,53 20+3 2,8+0,4
75 11,11 30—5 4,1+0,7
Y 12,70 40+5 5,5--0,7
т 14,29 60+10 8,3+1,4
% 15,88 725+10 10,4+ 1,4
% 19,05 110+15 15,2+2,0
7 22,23: 170+20 23,5+2,8
1 25,40 260 +— 30 35,9+4,1
1% 28,58 320:+ 30 44, 2-4,
1% 31,75 400— 40 55—-5,5
1% 34,93 480— 40 66—5,5
1% 38,10 550-50 76+7
T95416—4
13
950 STEERING SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
CONTROL VALVE FOR STEERING
(7J966)
Opening pressure of relief
valve ......odeQcococerocree, 2500 + 50 psi (175,8 + 3,5 kg/cm?)
Pressure in circuit with valve
in NEUTRAL ..........eoc_eeoccroo 55 + 15 psi (3,9 + 1,0 kg/cm?)
(1) Torque for plug .............. 36 + 4 1b. ft. (5,0 + 0,6 mka)
(2) 2.36089 Spring for pilot valve: (23 Lal 6 !
Length under test force ................. 1.43 in. (36,3 mm) =
Test force ................ 64.0 to 71.0 Ib. (29,0 to 32,2 kg) e O A]
Free length aftertest ................... 1.74 in, (44,2 mm) € bb
Outside diameter .,..................... .49 in. (12,4 mm)
(3) 4J7490 Spring for dump valve (inner): > €
Length under testforce ................. 1.63 in. (41,4 mm)
Testforce .................... 13.3 + .7 lb. (6,0 + 0,3 ka) Nz
Free length aftertest ................... 2.00 in. (50,8 mm)
Outside diameter ............r_ecoerxeccooo .60 in. (15,2 mm)
(4) Torque for plug ............... 9+ 2 Ib. ft. (1,2 + 0,3 mkg) 8 g 10 1 12 X4067X1
(5) Torque for orifice plug ........ 10+ 2 lb. ft. (1,4 + 0,3 mkg)
(6) 2J6088 Spring for dump valve (outer):
Length under test force ..............ee. 1.53 in. (38,9 mm)
Test force ................. 22.05 + 1.1 Ib. (10,0 + 0,5 kg)
Free length after test ................... 2.34 in. (59,4 mm)
Outside diameter ....................... .81 in. (20,6 mm)
(7) Torque for plug .............. 24 + 21b. ft. (3,3 + 0,3 mkg)
(8) 54361 Spring for valve spool:
Length under testforce ................. 1.68 in. (42,7 mm)
Test force ................... 4.0 + 0.3 Ib. (1,8 + 0,14 kg)
Free length after test ................. 2.125 in. (54,0 mm)
Outside diameter ...................... 1.40 in. (35,6 mm)
(9) Thickness of 5J4776 Shim............... 005 in. (0,13 mm)
Thickness of 4J8224 Shim ............... .010 in. (0,25 mm)
Use shims to position valve spool to get
same oil pressure in each steering cylinder,
(10) Torque for plugs (two) ........ 13+ 21b. ft. {1,8 + 0,3 mkg) с
(11) Torque forbolts ............. 24 + 2 Ib. ft. (3,3 + 0,3 mkg)
(12) Torque for plug ............. 50 + 3 1b. ft. (6,9 + 0,41 mkg)
NOTE: FOR TORQUE VALUES NOT GIVEN, SEE THE FIRST
14 PAGE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR GENERAL TIGHTENING TORQUES
950 STEERING SYSTEM
SPECIFICATIONS
CONTROL VALVE FOR STEERING
(842348)
Opening pressure of relief
Valve ..... 2..2... ково, 2500 + 50 ры! (175,8 + 3,5 kg/cm?)
Pressure in circuit with valve in
NEUTRAL ....... iii 55 + 15 psi (3,9 + 1,0 kg/cm?)
{1) 2J6089 Spring for pilot valve:
Length under testforce .................. 1.43 in. (36,3 mm)
Testforce ................. 64.0 to 71.0 Ib. (29,0 to 32,2 kg)
Free length aftertest .................... 1.74 in. (44,2 mm)
Outside diameter ...........s.eoomrrecroo 49 in. (12,4 mm)
(2) 4J7490 Spring for dump valve (inner):
Length under testforce .................. 1.63 in. (41,4 mm)
Test force ..................... 13.3 + .7 Ib. {6,0 + 0,3 kg)
Free length after test .................... 2.00 in. (50,8 mm)
Outside diameter ............ooeeecxoenena. .60 in. (15,2 mm)
(3) Torque for orifice plug ......... 10 + 2 |b. ft. (1,4 + 0,3 mkg)
(4) 2J6088 Spring for dump valve (outer):
Length under test force .................. 1.53 in. (38,9 mm)
Testforce .................. 22.05 + 1.1 Ib. (10,0 + 0,5 kg)
Free length aftertest .................... 2.34 in. (59,4 mm)
Outside diameter ......................,. 81 in. (20,6 mm)
(5) 5J361 Spring for valve spool:
Length under test force .................. 1.68 in. (42,7 mm)
Test force .................... 4.0 + 0,3 ib. (1,8 + 0,14 kg)
Free length after test ................... 2.125 in. (54,0 mm)
Outside diameter ..........2222000 00000 1.40 in. (35,6 mm)
(5) 1J9533 Spring for valve spool:
Length under test force .................. 2.12 in. (53.9 mm)
Test force .................... 10 to 11 Ib. (4.52 to 4.99 kg)
Free length after test ................... 5.75 in. (146.1 mm)
Outside diameter ....................... 1.37 in. (38.8 mm)
(6) Thickness of 5J4776 Shim ................ 005 in. (0,13 mm)
Thickness of 4J8224 Shim ................ 010 in. (0,25 mm)
Use shims to position valve spool to get
same oil pressure in each steering cylinder,
(7) Torque for plugs (two) ......... 13+ 21b. ft. (1,8 + 0,3 mkg)
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15
950 STEERING SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
HYDRAULIC PUMP
(7J740 and 8J151)
Rotation is counterclockwise when seen from drive end.
Type of pump: Vane
For test use SAE 10W oil at 150° F (65° C)
LARGE SECTION OF PUMP (Drive end) (Implement)
Test at Full Speed:
Output..........ooeececeeonmo 62.3 U.S. gpm (235,8 lit/min)
at a pressure of ........—.eo —mesrvoreo 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?)
with pump at .....o._..eoreonasarooraonaoce 1870 rpm
with engine at re RR RK кквико о 2000 rpm
Qutput..........oeoec_ereonevao 59.2 U.S. gpm (224,1 lit/min)
ата ргеззиге оЁ ................., 1000 psi {70,3 kg/cm?)
with pump at ......oe.éesnoorsorrosenacoraero 1870 rpm
with engine at 0.0.0000 KR 2000 rpm
Test at Half Speed:
Qutput.............—...cow.—eco 30.9 U.S. gpm (117,0 lit/min)
at a pressure of ..........oereeore... 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?)
With pumpat ........ew_eceeecororssrroorrerer, 935 rpm
withengineat ................... 0 ii... 1000 rpm 1
Qutput.........—.eeer.oereeoo 27.8 U.S. gpm (105,2 lit/min) )
atapressureof .._............... 1000 psi (70,3 kg/cm?) = == 2
WIth pump at... ee ee eee 935 rpm € ma mes
with engine at ............eeñoeoecrerrcoocarervo. 1000 rpm N | > =
SMALL SECTION OF PUMP (Cover end) (Steering) aN «EN
Test at Full Speed: 9 х1964
Qutput........ .—.e—._eeceaooa 34.4 U.S. gpm (130,2 lit/min)
at a pressure of .............eeo cmo. 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?)
with pumpat .......o...eceerrercooooooooa 1870 rpm
with engine at .......q.or_eerecwrserecooradooo 2000 rpm
Qutput.........._eo ee ro... 33.0 U.S. apm (125,0 lit/min)
atapressureof .................. 1000 psi (70,3 kg/cm?)
with pump at itt eee 0 6 1870 rpm
with engine at ........eéoc_oocecoorredeonearera 2000 rpm
Test at Half Speed:
Qutput........e eee 17.1 U.S. gpm (64,7 lit/min)
at a pressure Of _................... 100 psi (7,0 kg/cm?)
with pumpat .......e...c_eeesreccroenverrveoo 935 rpm
with engine at .......... _—_—.—eeé_erenxneoreron. 1000 rpm
Qutput............ ee. 15.7 U.S. gpm (59,4 lit/min)
atapressureof .................. 1000 psi (70,3 kg/cm?)
with pumpat .........eeeexeevocoocoseoverero, 935 rpm
with engine at ..........oo-.omooroorcoeorervra 1000 rpm
(1) Torque for bolts .............. 70 + 5 lb. ft. (9,7 + 0,7 mkg)
(2) Torque for bolts ...”....... 150 + 10 Ib. ft. (20,7 + 1,4 mkg)
NOTE: See subject, PUMP TESTS (Chart B) in FLOW METER TEE
TEST PROCEDURE 11, FORM NO. REG00880.
NOTE: FOR TORQUE VALUES NOT GIVEN, SEE THE FIRST
16 PAGE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR GENERAL TIGHTENING TORQUES
950 STEERING SYSTEM
SPECIFICATIONS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
STEERING CYLINDERS
(5J1388 and 7K9407)
Torque for nut with lubricant
onthreads ............. 900 + 90 Ib. ft. (124,47 + 12,4 mkg)
Bore in new head ........ 1.503 + .001 in. (38,18 + 0,025 mm)
Diameter of newrod ... 1.4980 + .0015 in. (38,05 + 0,038 mm)
Bore in new
cylinder (5J1388) ..... 3.4995 + .0015 in. (88,89 + 0,038 mm)
Bore in new cylinder -
(7 К9407) ...................... 3.500 in.; + .005, —.002 in.
(88,90 mm; + 0,13, —0,05 mm)
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STEERING GEAR AND
FOLLOW-UP LINKAGE
(1) Amount of free movement (backlash) between gear sector
andgearnut.............. .000 to .006 in. {0,00 to 0,15 mm)
(2) Torque for nuts on both ends
of gear sector shaft ......... 450 + 25 Ib. ft. (62,2 + 3,5 mkg)
(3) Torque for locknut after adjusting screw is adjusted
1/8 turn loose ................ 50 + 5 Ib, ft. (6,9 + 0,7 mkg)
(4) Adjustment of nut..........o_._.eeooreresoccoo Ya turn loose
(5) Adjustment of plug ...................... Ya to % turn loose
(6) Adjustmentofplug ...................... % to % turn loose
(A) Reference Dimension (nut to end of eyebolt) ..
.50 in. (12,7 mm)
(C) Reference Dimension (Center to center of
balls) ............ ee eee 7.12 in, (180,8 mm)
(D) Reference Dimension (Adjustment nut
clearance) ............ ee 56 in. (14,2 mm)
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17
950 STEERING SYSTEM
SPECIFICATIONS
(1)
HITCH GROUP
Torque for upper cap bolts of lower hitch:
Step 1: Install! three bolts evenly spaced around cap with
no shims under cap. Tighten the bolts the same 3
amount. Do this procedure again until
bolts are tightenedto ... 65% bib. ft. (9,0 + 0,7 mkg)
Step 2: Make sure lower cap is against frame, Measure the
clearance between the upper cap and frame at each bolt.
Step 3: Install shims under the upper cap of the minimum
thickness measured.
Step 4: Install all cap bolts and
tighten to ............ 65 + 5 Ib. ft. (9,0 + 0,7 mkg)
(2) Torque for bolts of lower hitch pin:
Step 1: Install plate without shims. Install two
bolts 180” apart. Tighten bolts
to ......221 11000 100 + 10 1b. ft. (13,8 + 1,4 mkqg)
Step 2: Measure the clearance between the plate and the frame ,
360” around the plate. osa 70 Я
Step 3: Install shims of the minimum thickness measured
minus 2221002114 0 44e Lea a ane .010 in. (0,25 mm) T99482- 1X2
Step 4: Install all pin bolts and tighten
to 2.220122 2 0000 100 + 10 1b. ft. (13,8 + 1,4 mkg)
(3) Torque for cover bolts of upper hitch:
Step 1: Tighten two opposite bolts the same amount.
Step 2: Tighten the other two bolts the same amount. Do
this procedure again until all bolts are tightened
(E eee 50 + 25 Ib. ft. (6,9 + 3,5 mkg)
(4) Torque for nuts ............ 345 + 30 Ib. ft. (47,7 + 4,1 mkg)
NOTE: FOR TORQUE VALUES NOT GIVEN, SEE THE FIRST
18 PAGE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR GENERAL TIGHTENING TORO'JES
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Caterpillar, Cat and [B are Trademarks of Caterpillar Tractor Co.
FEBRUARY 1973
FORM NO, REG00591-02 PRINTED IN U.S.A.
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