L9914
All silicon automotive voltage regulator
Datasheet
-
production data
Thermal protection
Field driver short circuit protection
RVC interface
Overvoltage protection
Complex diagnostics
Load response control
– LRC rate 2.5 s (L9914A)
Features
Order code
L9914A
Multiwatt8
GAPGPS00017
AEC-Q100 qualified
High side field driver
Description
The L9914 is a monolithic multifunction generator voltage regulator intended for use in automotive applications.
This device regulates the output of an automotive generator by controlling the field winding current by means of a variable frequency PWM high side driver.
The setpoint voltage reference is selected by the engine control unit (ECU) via RVC protocol.
Table 1. Device summary
Temp range, C Package
T j
= -40 to +150 Multiwatt8
Packing
Tube
March 2021
This is information on a product in full production.
DS4742 Rev 7
1/13
www.st.com
Contents
Contents
1
2
3
4
L9914
Schematic diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1
Schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2
Absolute maximum ratings and operative range by pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5
Diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5.1
2.5.2
Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Regulation feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1
Multiwatt 8 (pin 5 GND) package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2/13
DS4742 Rev 7
L9914
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Absolute maximum ratings and operative range by pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table 9.
Regulation feature characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 10.
Multiwatt 8 (pin 5GND) package mechanical drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 11.
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
DS4742 Rev 7
3/13
3
List of figures
List of figures
L9914
Figure 1.
Schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2.
Pin connection (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3.
Reverse B+ test circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 4.
Setpoint voltage vs. L terminal signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 5.
Multiwatt 8 (pin 5GND) package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4/13
DS4742 Rev 7
L9914
1
1.1
1.2
Schematic diagram and pin description
Schematic diagram and pin description
Schematic diagram
Figure 1. Schematic diagram
L
TO ECM
V
GO
TO ECM
F
M
F+
ASVR
P
STATOR
FIELD
(ROTOR)
G
RECTIFIER
BRIDGE
STARTER
BATTERY
TO BCM
LOADS
GAPGPS03055
N°
6
7
4
5
8
1
2
3
Pin description
Figure 2. Pin connection (top view)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
V
GO
F
RESERVED
GND
L
RESERVED
F
M
P
GAPGPS03056
Pin
P
F
M
RESERVED
L
GND
RESERVED
F
V
GO
Table 2. Pin description
Function
Phase sense input
Field monitor output
Reserved
Warning terminal output and ECM PWM input
Ground
Reserved
Field high side driver output
Generator output sense and voltage supply to L9914
DS4742 Rev 7
5/13
12
Electrical specifications
2 Electrical specifications
2.1 Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
V
S
I
O
P tot
V
REV
Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
Transient supply voltage (load dump)
Output current capability
Power dissipation (@T j
= 150°C, I
Field
= 6 A)
Reverse voltage (see Figure 1.
)
Value
40
Internally limited
6
-2.5 to -6
L9914
Unit
W
V
V
A
2.2
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
Absolute maximum ratings and operative range by pin
Pin #
Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings and operative range by pin
Absolute maximum rating Operative range
Name
Min. Max.
Min.
Max.
P
FM
RESERVED
L
GND
RESERVED
F
VGO
-5
-1.5
-0.3
-0.3
-
-0.3
-1.5
-2.5
VGO+3V
50
7
50
-
7
VGO
50
-1.5
-1.5
20
18 must be connect to GND
-0.3
-
18
must be connect to GND
-1.5
8
VGO
18
Unit
V
-
V
V
V
V
V
V
2.3 Thermal data
Symbol
T j
T stg
T sd
R th j-case
Table 5. Thermal data
Parameter
Junction temperature
Storage temperature
Thermal shut down
Thermal resistance junction to case
Value
-40 to 150
-50 to 150
175 ±15
1.5
Unit
°C
°C
°C
°C/W
6/13
DS4742 Rev 7
L9914 Electrical specifications
2.4 Electrical characteristics
T j
-35 °C to +150 °C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol Parameter
Table 6. Electrical characteristics
Test conditions Min.
Typ.
Max.
V
OS
Operating supply voltage 8 16 (1)
I
V
V
SB
SF
NB
Standby current
(2)
Regulator set-point in fault
Generator output, no battery
V
GO
= 12.6 V, T case
-35 to +80 °C
V
GO
= 12.6 V, 80 <T case
< +150 °C
PWM signal loss
No battery, I
OUT max load
= 2 A to 50 %
V
-
-
-
S
(3)
-2
-
-
13.8
V
400
S
1
-
+2
T
C
V
LR
V
SR
V
V
I
FON
FON
FLIM
V
F
I
R
Thermal compensation
Load regulation - L9914A
Speed regulation
Output saturation voltage
Output saturation voltage
Field limit current
Field discharge rectifier
Diode reverse current f
OSC
Oscillation frequency
MFDC Minimum field duty-cycle
Driven by ECM
6500 grpm, 10 % to 95 % load
15 A load, 2,000 to 10,000 grpm
I
F
= 9 A, T case
≤ 25 °C
I
F
= 6 A, T case
> 25 °C
F shorted to GND, T case
≤ 25 °C
F shorted to GND, T case
= 150 °C
I
F
=6 A, T case
= 25 °C
V
R
= 16 V
During LRC operation
V(V
GO
) < V
OV
(4)
Impedance between FM and F+
-
-
-
-
9
6
-
-
340
-
RVC or FLAT
R
FM
Impedance @ F
M
pin 5
1. 16 V is the maximum operating voltage.
2. Standby current measured with L, FM open; F connected to GND; P open or tied to GND.
3. V
S
= Vset point (with or without protocol).
4. When the voltage sensed at V
GO
terminal is above V
OV
the minimum field duty-cycle will be 0%.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
400
6.25
300
100
750
850
1.85
1
460
-
-
-
15
V
A
A
V mA
Hz
%
K
V mV mV mV mV
Unit
V
µA mA
V
+
Figure 3. Reverse B+ test circuit
POWER SUPPLY
6V -
POWER SUPPLY
2.5V
+
V
GO
L P
ASVR
F
M ȍ
FIELD
G
GAPGPS03057
DS4742 Rev 7
7/13
12
Electrical specifications
Figure 4. Setpoint voltage vs. L terminal signal
L9914
2.5 Diagnostic
T j
-35 °C to +150 °C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol Parameter
Table 7. Diagnostic
Test conditions
V
OV
T
DELAY
Overvoltage
(1)
Fault indication delay time -
-
1. When the V
GO
voltage overcomes this value the MFDC is cancelled.
2.5.1
Min.
16.5
0.935
Typ.
-
1.1
Max.
22
1.265
Unit
V s
Fault
The following table lists the conditions that cause the fault driver to function (L terminal now switching between 0 V and V
LSAT for T
DELAY table.
). To prevent L flicker, specific faults are required to be present
seconds before the fault driver is activated. This delay is indicated in the following
Table 8. Fault
Conditions Delay
1. Key-on (RVC PWM signal acknowledgement)
2. Phase voltage < VP2 and V
GO
< setpoint
No
Yes
8/13
DS4742 Rev 7
L9914 Electrical specifications
2.5.2 Regulation feature
Symbol
Table 9. Regulation feature characteristics
Parameter Test conditions Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
V
I f
LON
LON
V
V
I
P1
P2
P
IFR
FSDF
Lamp term turn on
(1)
threshold f
L
= 128 Hz ±5 %
V
L
= 0.65 V
Initiation of regulation detection phase voltage threshold (2)
I
P
= 1 mA (sinking current)
Fault detection phase voltage threshold
(3)
-
Sinking current @ P terminal
Initiation of field regulation frequency
V
P
= 1.5V
for L9914A
Field strobe duty factor
@ "power up" with f
PHASE for L9914A
< f
IFR
0.65
0.3
-
7
0.5
61
-
0.9
-
0.4
8
1
72
13.5
1.15
1.5
-
9
1.8
83
-
V mA
V
V mA
Hz
%
LRC Load response control rate
(4) for L9914A
2.125
4.25
2.5
5.0
2.875
5.75
s f
LRC
LRC transition frequency
LRC disabled above this value for L9914A
263 310 357 Hz
Δgnd
Difference between ECM & alternator ground
-0.2
0.2
V
V
OV
V
LSAT
T
DELAY
Overvoltage
L saturation voltage
Fault indication delay time -
-
I
L
= 10 mA
16.5
-
0.935
-
-
1.1
22
1.55
1.265
V
V s
1. A 128 Hz PWM signal applied to L input, higher than this threshold, will turn on the device.
2. This threshold on the phase signal is used to detect the phase frequency, f
IFR
, for the Initiation of field regulation.
3. This threshold on the phase signal is used to sense the presence of the phase for fault detection purposes. Furthermore, to prevent the loss of phase signal, a 31.25% duty cycle is applied to field output when phase drops below Vp2 and Vgo is above setpoint.
4. This is the time duration the L9914 takes to ramp up from 0% to 100% duty cycle in response to an increased load on the generator. The LRC ratio is set 1:4 and the Vreg comparator status is latched at fundamental frequency rate.
DS4742 Rev 7
9/13
12
Package information
3 Package information
L9914
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
.
ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
3.1 Multiwatt 8 (pin 5 GND) package information
Figure 5. Multiwatt 8 (pin 5GND) package outline diam 1
H1
S
C
A
10/13
0043696_J_BV
F
Z
U
G1
H2
G
DS4742 Rev 7
B
E
GAPGPS03462
L9914 Package information
Table 10. Multiwatt 8 (pin 5GND) package mechanical drawing
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
(1)
Ref
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
H2
L
L2
L3
L4
L7
F
G
G1
H1
C
E
A
B
S
S1
U
Z diam1
-
-
-
0.49
0.78
2.40
17.64
19.6
-
20.35
17.05
17.25
10.3
2.65
1.9
1.9
0.40
0.70
3.65
-
-
-
-
-
2.54
17.78
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17.20
17.5
10.7
-
1. Values in inches are converted from mm and rounded to 4 decimal digits.
20.2
20.65
17.35
17.75
10.9
2.9
5
2.65
1.6
0.55
0.85
2.68
17.92
-
2.6
2.6
0.55
0.85
3.85
-
0.8012
0.6713
0.6791
0.4055
0.1043
-
-
-
0.0193
0.0307
0.0945
0.6945
0.7717
0.0748
0.0748
0.0157
0.0276
0.1437
-
-
-
-
-
0.6772
0.6890
0.4213
-
Typ.
-
0.1000
0.7000
-
-
-
-
-
-
Max.
0.7953
0.8130
0.6831
0.6988
0.4291
0.1142
0.1969
0.1043
0.0630
0.0217
0.0335
0.1055
0.7055
-
0.1024
0.1024
0.0217
0.0335
0.1516
DS4742 Rev 7
11/13
12
Revision history
4 Revision history
Date
22-May-2006
20-Nov-2008
19-Sep-2013
09-Apr-2014
04-Sep-2014
16-Apr-2018
17-Mar-2021
L9914
Table 11. Document revision history
Revision Changes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Initial release.
Document status promoted from preliminary data to production.
Updated disclaimer.
Updated:
–
Features ;
–
Description ;
–
Table 1: Device summary ;
–
Table 6: Electrical characteristics
;
–
Table 9: Regulation feature characteristics .
Added Table 4: Absolute maximum ratings and operative range by pin .
Added in cover page “automotive” in the title and a new feature “AEC-Q100 qualified”.
Updated in
Table 9: Regulation feature characteristics
the “Field strobe duty factor” parameter.
Reformatted Section 3: Package information
, no content change.
Updated:
–
Features ;
–
Table 1: Device summary ;
–
Table 6: Electrical characteristics
;
–
Table 9: Regulation feature characteristics .
12/13
DS4742 Rev 7
L9914
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DS4742 Rev 7 13/13
13
