STMicroelectronics VIPER22A-E Datasheet

VIPer22A-E

VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Low power OFF-line SMPS primary switcher

Features

■

■

■

■

■

■

Fixed 60 kHz switching frequency

9 V to 38 V wide range V

DD

voltage

Current mode control

Auxiliary undervoltage lockout with hysteresis

High voltage start-up current source

Overtemperature, overcurrent and overvoltage protection with auto-restart

Table 1.

Typical power capability

Mains type SO-8

European (195 - 265 Vac)

US / wide range (85 - 265 Vac)

12 W

7 W

DIP-8

20 W

12 W

Description

The VIPer22A-E combines a dedicated current mode PWM controller with a high voltage power

MOSFET on the same silicon chip.

Figure 1.

Block diagram

SO-8 DIP-8

Typical applications cover off line power supplies for battery charger adapters, standby power supplies for TV or monitors, auxiliary supplies for motor control, etc. The internal control circuit offers the following benefits:

Large input voltage range on the V

DD

pin accommodates changes in auxiliary supply voltage. This feature is well adapted to battery charger adapter configurations.

Automatic burst mode in low load condition.

Overvoltage protection in HICCUP mode.

DRAIN

REGULATOR

INTERNAL

SUPPLY

VDD

8/14.5V

_

+

42V

+

_

FB

ON/OFF

60kHz

OSCILLATOR

OVERTEMP.

DETECTOR

R1

R2

S

FF

R3

Q

R4

PWM

LATCH

BLANKING

S

R

FF

OVERVOLTAGE

LATCH

Q

+

_

0.23 V

1 k Ω

230 Ω

SOURCE

November 2010 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 1/21 www.st.com

21

2

3

4

7

8

5

6

Contents

Contents

1

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Electrical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.1

Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.2

Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Pin connections and function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.1

Rectangular U-I output characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.2

Wide range of VDD voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.3

Feedback pin principle of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.4

Startup sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.5

Overvoltage threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Operation pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “absolute maximum ratings” table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Table 2.

Absolute maximum rating

Symbol Parameter

V

DS(sw)

Switching drain source voltage (T

J

= 25 ... 125 °C)

(1)

V

DS(st)

Start-up drain source voltage (T

J

= 25 ... 125 °C)

(2)

I

D

Continuous drain current

V

DD

Supply voltage

I

FB

V

ESD

Electrostatic discharge:

Machine model (R = 0

Ω

; C = 200 pF)

Charged device model

-0.3 ... 730

-0.3 ... 400

Internally limited

0 ... 50

3

200

1.5

V

V

A

V mA

V kV

T

J

T

C

T stg

Junction operating temperature

Case operating temperature

Storage temperature

Internally limited

-40 to 150

-55 to 150

°C

°C

°C

1.

This parameter applies when the start-up current source is OFF. This is the case when the VDD voltage has reached V

DDon

and remains above V

DDoff

.

2.

This parameter applies when the start up current source is on. This is the case when the VDD voltage has not yet reached V

DDon

or has fallen below V

DDoff.

Table 3.

Symbol

Thermal data

Parameter SO-8 DIP-8 Unit

R thJC

Thermal resistance junction - case Max 25 15

°

C/W

R thJA Thermal resistance junction - ambient

(1) Max 55 45

°

C/W

1.

When mounted on a standard single-sided FR4 board with 200 mm

2

of Cu (at least 35 µm thick) connected to all DRAIN pins.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 3/21

Electrical characteristics VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

4/21

T

J

= 25 °C, V

DD

= 18 V, unless otherwise specified

Table 4.

Power section

Symbol Parameter

BV

I

DSS

DSS r

DS(on) t t r f

OFF state drain current voltage I

D

= 1 mA; V

FB

= 2 V

V

DS

= 500 V; V

FB

= 2 V;

T

J

= 125 °C

Static drain-source

ON state resistance

I

D

= 0.4 A

I

D

= 0.4 A; T

J

= 100 °C

I

D

= 0.2 A; V

IN

= 300 V

(1)

(See Figure 9 on page 13 )

I

D

= 0.4 A; V

IN

= 300 V

(1)

(See Figure 9 on page 13 )

C

OSS capacitance V

1.

On clamped inductive load

DS

= 25 V

Min Typ Max Unit

730 V

15

0.1 mA

17

31

Ω

100 ns

50 ns

40 pF

Table 5.

Supply section

Symbol Parameter

I

DDch

Start-up charging current

Test Typ Max Unit

100 V

≤

V

DS

≤

400 V;

V

DD

= 0 V ...V

DDon

(See

Figure 10 on page 13 )

-1 mA

I

I

I

DDoff

DD0

DD1

Start-up charging current in thermal shutdown

Operating supply current not switching

I

FB

= 2 mA

Operating supply current switching

I

V

DD

T

J

> T

FB

= 5 V; V

DS

SD

- T

HYST

= 0.5 mA; I

= 100 V

D

= 50 mA

(1)

0 mA

3 5 mA

4.5 mA

D

RST

V

DDoff

V

DDon

duty-cycle (See

%

V

DD

undervoltage shutdown threshold

V

DD

start-up threshold

(See

(See

Figure 10

Figure 10

,

Figure 11 on page 13

,

Figure 11 on page 13

)

))

7 8 9 V

13 14.5 16 V

V

DDhyst

V

DD threshold hysteresis

V

DDovp

V

DD overvoltage threshold

(See

Figure 10 on page 13 )

5.8 6.5 7.2 V

38 42 46 V

1.

These test conditions obtained with a resistive load are leading to the maximum conduction time of the device.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

Table 6.

Oscillation section

Symbol Parameter

F

OSC

Oscillator frequency total variation

Test Typ Max Unit

V

DD

= V

DDoff

... 35 V;

T

J

= 0 ... 100 °C

54 60 66 kHz

Table 7.

PWM comparator section

Symbol Parameter Test Typ Max Unit t

I

G

ID

I

FB to I

D

current gain (See

Figure 12 on page 14 ) 560

Dlim

Peak current limitation

V

FB

= 0 V

(See

Figure 12 on page 14 )

0.56 0.7 0.84 A

I

FBsd

I

FB shutdown current (See

Figure 12 on page 14 ) 0.9

R

FB

FB pin input impedance

I

D

= 0 mA

(See

Figure 12 on page 14 )

1.2 k

Ω t d

Current sense delay to turn-OFF

I

D

= 0.4 A 200 ns t b

500 ns

ONmin

Minimum turn-ON time

700 ns

Table 8.

Overtemperature section

Symbol Parameter Test Typ Max Unit

T

SD

T

HYST

Thermal shutdown temperature

(See

Figure 13 on page 14 ) 140

°C

Thermal shutdown hysteresis

(See

Figure 13 on page 14 ) 40

Table 9.

Typical power capability

(1)

Mains type SO-8

European (195 - 265 Vac)

US / Wide range (85 - 265 Vac)

12 W

7 W

1.

Above power capabilities are given under adequate thermal conditions

DIP-8

20 W

12 W

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 5/21

Pin connections and function

3

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Pin connections and function

Figure 2.

Pin connection

SOURCE 1

SOURCE 2

FB 3

VDD 4

8 DRAIN

7 DRAIN

6 DRAIN

5

DRAIN

SOURCE 1

SOURCE 2

FB 3

VDD 4

SO-8

Figure 3.

Current and voltage conventions

I

DD

V

DD

V

FB

I

FB

FB

VDD

CONTROL

VIPer22A

DRAIN

SOURCE

I

D

V

D

DIP-8

8 DRAIN

7 DRAIN

6

DRAIN

5 DRAIN

6/21

Table 10.

Pin function

Pin Name Pin function

V

DD

Power supply of the control circuits. Also provides a charging current during start up thanks to a high voltage current source connected to the drain. For this purpose, an hysteresis comparator monitors the V

DD

voltage and provides two thresholds:

- V

DDon

: Voltage value (typically 14.5 V) at which the device starts switching and turns off the start up current source.

- V

DDoff

: Voltage value (typically 8 V) at which the device stops switching and turns on the start up current source.

SOURCE Power MOSFET source and circuit ground reference.

DRAIN

FB

Power MOSFET drain. Also used by the internal high voltage current source during start up phase for charging the external V

DD

capacitor.

Feedback input. The useful voltage range extends from 0 V to 1 V, and defines the peak drain MOSFET current. The current limitation, which corresponds to the maximum drain current, is obtained for a FB pin shorted to the SOURCE pin.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

4 Operations

Operations

Figure 4.

Rectangular U-I output characteristics for battery charger

AC IN

F1

C3

T2

D4

C4

C5

ISO1

C6

R1

C2

D1

D3

U1

FB

VDD

CONTROL

VIPerX2A

DRAIN

SOURCE

T1

C7

D2

C1

R2

D5

DCOUT

C10

R5

R7

R10

R3

U2

Vref

Vcc

C8

R8

-

+

GND

TSM101

+

-

R4

C9

R6

R9

GND

A complete regulation scheme can achieve combined and accurate output characteristics.

Figure 4.

presents a secondary feedback through an optocoupler driven by a TSM101. This

device offers two operational amplifiers and a voltage reference, thus allowing the regulation of both output voltage and current. An integrated OR function performs the combination of the two resulting error signals, leading to a dual voltage and current limitation, known as a rectangular output characteristic. This type of power supply is especially useful for battery chargers where the output is mainly used in current mode, in order to deliver a defined charging rate. The accurate voltage regulation is also convenient for Li-ion batteries which require both modes of operation.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 7/21

Operations

4.2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Wide range of V

DD

voltage

The V

DD

pin voltage range extends from 9 V to 38 V. This feature offers a great flexibility in design to achieve various behaviors. In

Figure 4 on page 7 a forward configuration has been

chosen to supply the device with two benefits:

● As soon as the device starts switching, it immediately receives some energy from the auxiliary winding. C5 can be therefore reduced and a small ceramic chip (100 nF) is sufficient to insure the filtering function. The total start up time from the switch on of input voltage to output voltage presence is dramatically decreased.

● The output current characteristic can be maintained even with very low or zero output voltage. Since the TSM101 is also supplied in forward mode, it keeps the current regulation up whatever the output voltage is.The V

DD

pin voltage may vary as much as the input voltage, that is to say with a ratio of about 4 for a wide range application.

4.3 Feedback pin principle of operation

A feedback pin controls the operation of the device. Unlike conventional PWM control circuits which use a voltage input (the inverted input of an operational amplifier), the FB pin is sensitive to current.

Figure 5.

presents the internal current mode structure.

Figure 5.

Internal current control structure

8/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Operations

The Power MOSFET delivers a sense current I s

which is proportional to the main current Id.

R2 receives this current and the current coming from the FB pin. The voltage across R2 is then compared to a fixed reference voltage of about 0.23 V. The MOSFET is switched off when the following equation is reached:

R

2

⋅ (

I

S

+ I

FB

)

= 0.23V

By extracting I

S

:

I

S

=

0.23V

R

2

– I

FB

Using the current sense ratio of the MOSFET G

ID

:

I

D

= G

ID

⋅

I

S

= G

ID

⋅

⎛

⎝

0.23V

– I

R

2

FB

⎠

⎞

The current limitation is obtained with the FB pin shorted to ground (V

FB to a negative current sourced by this pin, and expressed by:

= 0 V). This leads

I

FB

= –

R

1

By reporting this expression in the previous one, it is possible to obtain the drain current limitation I

Dlim

:

I

Dlim

= G

ID

⋅

0.23V

⋅

⎛

⎝

R

2

+ -------

R

1

⎠

⎞

In a real application, the FB pin is driven with an optocoupler as shown on

Figure 5.

which acts as a pull up. So, it is not possible to really short this pin to ground and the above drain current value is not achievable. Nevertheless, the capacitor C is averaging the voltage on the FB pin, and when the optocoupler is off (start up or short circuit), it can be assumed that the corresponding voltage is very close to 0 V.

For low drain currents, the formula (1) is valid as long as IFB satisfies I

FB

< I

FBsd

, where

I

FBsd

is an internal threshold of the VIPer22A. If I

FB

exceeds this threshold the device will stop switching. This is represented on

Figure 12 on page 14

, and I

FBsd

value is specified in the

PWM COMPARATOR SECTION. Actually, as soon as the drain current is about 12 % of

Idlim, that is to say 85 mA, the device will enter a burst mode operation by missing switching cycles. This is especially important when the converter is lightly loaded.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 9/21

Operations

Figure 6.

I

FB

transfer function

I

Dpeak

I

Dlim

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Part masked by the I

FBsd threshold t ⋅

-----------------------------------------

L

V

1

85mA t

ONmin

L

⋅ V

2

0

I

FBsd

I

FB

It is then possible to build the total DC transfer function between I

D

and I

FB

as shown on

Figure 6 on page 10 . This figure also takes into account the internal blanking time and its

associated minimum turn on time. This imposes a minimum drain current under which the device is no more able to control it in a linear way. This drain current depends on the primary inductance value of the transformer and the input voltage. Two cases may occur, depending on the value of this current versus the fixed 85 mA value, as described above.

10/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Figure 7.

Startup sequence

Operations

This device includes a high voltage start up current source connected on the drain of the device. As soon as a voltage is applied on the input of the converter, this start up current source is activated as long as V

DD

is lower than V

DDon

. When reaching V

DDon

, the start up current source is switched OFF and the device begins to operate by turning on and off its main power MOSFET. As the FB pin does not receive any current from the optocoupler, the device operates at full current capacity and the output voltage rises until reaching the regulation point where the secondary loop begins to send a current in the optocoupler. At this point, the converter enters a regulated operation where the FB pin receives the amount of current needed to deliver the right power on secondary side.

This sequence is shown in

Figure 7

. Note that during the real starting phase t ss

, the device consumes some energy from the V

DD

capacitor, waiting for the auxiliary winding to provide a continuous supply. If the value of this capacitor is too low, the start up phase is terminated before receiving any energy from the auxiliary winding and the converter never starts up.

This is illustrated also in the same figure in dashed lines.

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 11/21

Operations VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

An overvoltage detector on the V

DD

pin allows the VIPer22A to reset itself when V

DD exceeds V

DDovp

. This is illustrated in Figure 8.

which shows the whole sequence of an overvoltage event. Note that this event is only latched for the time needed by V

DD

to reach

V

DDoff

, and then the device resumes normal operation automatically.

Figure 8.

Overvoltage sequence

V

DD

V

DDovp

V

DDon

V

DDoff

V

DS t t

12/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

Figure 9.

Rise and fall time

I

D

C << Coss

C L D t

V

DS

90% t fv

10%

Figure 10. Start-up V

DD current

I

DD

I

DD0

V

DDhyst t rv t

FB

VDD

CONTROL

VIPer22A

DRAIN

SOURCE

300V

I

DDch

V

DDoff

Figure 11. Restart duty-cycle

V

DD

V

DDon

V

DDoff t

CH

D

RST

= t

ST t

ST

+ t

CH t

ST

V

DDon

V

DD

100 V

≤

V

DS

F sw

= 0 kHz

≤

400 V t

10 F FB

VDD

CONTROL

2V

VIPer22A

DRAIN

SOURCE

100V

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 13/21

Operation pictures VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Figure 12. Peak drain current vs feedback current

I

D

I

Dpeak

4mH

1/F

OSC

I

FBsd

⋅

R

FB

V

FB

The drain current limitation is obtained for VFB = 0 V, and a negative current is drawn from the FB pin. See the Application section for further details.

I

Dpeak

I

Dlim t

18V

FB

VDD

CONTROL

I

FB

47nF

VIPer22A

DRAIN

SOURCE

I

FB

0

G

ID

= –

Δ

I

Dpeak

I

FB

I

FBsd

I

FB

Figure 13. Thermal shutdown

100V

100V

14/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

Figure 14. Switching frequency vs temperature

Figure 15. Current limitation vs temperature

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 15/21

Package mechanical data

6 Package mechanical data

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of

ECOPACK

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK

® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com

.

ECOPACK is an ST trademark.

16/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Table 11.

DIP-8 mechanical data

Dim.

Min.

b2 c

D

E

A

A1

A2 b

E1 e eA eB

L

Package Weight

2.92

Figure 16. Package dimensions

0.38

2.92

0.36

1.14

0.20

9.02

7.62

6.10

Package mechanical data

Databook (mm.)

Nom.

3.30

0.46

1.52

0.25

9.27

7.87

6.35

2.54

7.62

3.30

Gr. 470

Max.

5.33

4.95

0.56

1.78

0.36

10.16

8.26

7.11

10.92

3.81

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 17/21

Package mechanical data VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Table 12.

SO-8 mechanical data

Databook (mm.

Dim.

Min.

Nom.

A 1.35

A1 0.10

Max.

1.75

0.25

A2 1.10

B 0.33

C 0.19

1.65

0.51

0.25

D 4.80

E 3.80

5.00

4.00 e 1.27

H 5.80 h 0.25

L 0.40

6.20

0.50

1.27 ddd 0.1

Figure 17. Package dimensions

18/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Table 13.

Order codes

Order codes

VIPER22ASTR-E

VIPer22AS-E

VIPer22ADIP-E

Package

SO-8

SO-8

DIP-8

Order codes

Packaging

Tape and reel

Tube

Tube

Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 19/21

Revision history VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

Table 14.

Document revision history

Date Revision

09-Feb-2006

25-Nov-2010

1

2

Initial release.

Updated Table 11 .

Changes

20/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2

VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E

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Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 21/21