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MaxiiNet
TM
VI3026
Installation and Getting Started Guide
20 GE PoE-Plus + 4 GE PoE-Plus Combo SFP + 2 GE SFP L2
26 Port Managed Switch
V1.00 December 2013
2013 Vigitron, Inc. All rights reserved. All brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
MaxiiNet
TM
Vi3026 Gigabit Managed Switch
Installation and Getting Started Guide
2
Purpose
Audience
Conventions
Warranty
About This Guide
This guide gives specific information on how to operate and use the management functions of the switch.
The guide is intended for use by network administrators who are responsible for operating and maintaining network equipment. Consequently, it assumes a basic working knowledge of general switch functions, the Internet Protocol (IP), and
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
The following conventions are used throughout this guide to show information:
NOTE:
Emphasizes important information or calls your attention to related features or instructions.
WARNING:
Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause personal injury.
CAUTION:
Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause loss of data, or damage the system or equipment.
See the Customer Support/Warranty booklet included with the product. A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your manufacture products and replacement parts can be obtained from your manufacture sales and service office per authorized dealer.
3
FCC- Class A
CE Mark
Declaration of
Conformance for
EMI and Safety
(EEC)
UL Mark
EMC
Compliances and Safety Statements
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case, the user will be required to correct the interference at the user’s own expense.
You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment.
You may use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) for RJ-45 connections – Category 3 or better for 10 Mbps connections, Category 5 or better for 100 Mbps connections,
Category 5, 5e, or 6 for 1000 Mbps connections. For fiber optic connections, you may use 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber or 9/125 micron single-mode fiber.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the protection requirements of European Emission Standard EN55022/EN61000-3 and the Generic
European Immunity Standard EN55024.
Ul 60950-1 Information Technology Equipment - Safety - Part 1:
General Requirements - Edition 2 - Revision Date 2014/05/13
EN55022(2006)+A1:2007/CISPR
22:2006+A1:2006
IEC61000-4-2 (2001)
IEC61000-4-3( 2002)
IEC61000-4-4(2004)
IEC61000-4-5 (2001)
IEC61000-4-6 (2003)
IEC61000-4-8 (2001)
IEC61000-4-11(2001)
Class A
4K V CD, 8KV, AD
3V/m
1KV – (power line), 0.5KV – (signal line)
Line to Line: 1KV, Line to Earth: 2KV
130dBuV(3V) Level 2
1A/m
Voltage dips:
>95%, 0.5period, 30%, 25periods
Voltage interruptions:
>95%, 250periods
4
CAUTION:
Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity, which can damage their delicate electronics. Dry weather conditions or walking across a carpeted floor may cause you to acquire a static electrical charge.
To protect your device, always:
Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static electrical charge before you pick up the circuit device.
Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only.
If you need using outdoor device connect to this device with cable, then you need to add an arrester on the cable between outdoor device and this device.
Fig. Addition arrester between outdoor device and this switch
The Vi3026 supports SFP conforming to MSA standards, although differences between manufacturers can affect performance. For best results, use Vigitron SFPS.
NOTE:
The switch is indoor device. If it will be used in an outdoor environment or connects with some outdoor device, then it must use a lightning arrester to protect the switch.
WARNING:
Self-demolition on product is strictly prohibited. Damage caused by self-demolition will be charged for repairing fees.
Do not place product at outdoor or sandstorm.
Before installation, please make sure input power supply and product specifications are compatible to each other.
To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect all AC or
DC power cord and RPS cables to completely remove power from the unit.
Before importing/exporting configuration, please make sure the firmware version is always the same.
After firmware upgrade, the switch will remove the configuration automatically to latest firmware version.
5
Related
Publications
Revision History
The following publication gives specific information on how to operate and use the management functions of the switch.
The User’s Manual
This section summarizes the changes in each revision of this guide.
Release
V1.00
Date
12/18/2013
Revision
6
Contents
7
8
Overview
Introduction
The Vi3026, manufacture network next generation solution, is a portfolio of affordable managed switches that provides a reliable infrastructure for your business network. These switches deliver more intelligent features you need to improve the availability of your critical business applications, protect your sensitive information, and optimize your network bandwidth to deliver information and applications more effectively. It is easy to set up and use. It provides the ideal combination of affordability and capabilities for entry level networking including small business or enterprise application. It also helps you create a more efficient and better-connected workforce.
The Vi3026 is broad portfolio of easy-implement managed Ethernet switches.
Power
Models include 26-port of Gigabit Ethernet connectivity. It provides ideal flexibility to design suitable network infrastructure for business requirement. However, unlike other entry-level switching solutions that provide advance managed network capabilities only in the costliest models, all the series switches support advanced security management capabilities and network features to includes data, voice, security, and wireless technologies. These switches are easy to deploy and configure. It provides stable and quality performance network services your business needs.
100/1G SFP Port
Console Port
10/100/1000Base-T
RJ-45 Ports
TP/SFP Combo Port
Reset
Switch TP Port LED
Front of the Switches
PoE Status LED
Switch SFP Port LEDs
9
Switch
Architecture
Network
Management
Options
Vi3026
AC Power Cord
Back of the Switches
The switch performs a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabric. This allows wirespeed transport of multiple packets at low latency on all ports simultaneously. The switch also features full-duplex capability on all ports, which effectively doubles the bandwidth of each connection.
This switch uses store-and-forward technology to ensure maximum data integrity.
With this technology, the entire packet must be received into a buffer and checked for validity before being forwarded. This prevents errors from being propagated throughout the network.
The switch can also be managed over the network with a web browser or Telnet application. The switch includes a built-in network management agent that allows it to be managed in-band using SNMP or RMON (Groups 1, 2, 3, 9) protocols. It also has an RJ45 console port connector on the front panel for out-of-band management. A PC may be connected to this port for configuration and monitoring out-of-band via a null-modem serial cable (see Appendix B for wiring options).
NOTE:
For a detailed description of the management features, refer to the User’s manual.
10
1000Base-T Ports
SFP Transceivers
Slots
Description of Hardware
The switch contains 24 1000BASE-T RJ-45 ports. All RJ-45 ports support automatic
MDI/MDI-X operation, auto-negotiation and IEEE 802.3x auto-negotiation of flow control, so the optimum data rate and transmission can be selected automatically.
Vi3026 supports the Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots. The slots are shared with RJ-45 port 25 to 26. In the default configuration, if an SFP transceiver (purchased separately) is installed in a slot and has a valid link on the port, the associated RJ-45 port is disabled.
The following table shows a list of transceiver types which have been tested with the switch. For an updated list of vendors supplying these transceivers, contact your local dealer. For information on the recommended standards for fiber optic cabling, see “1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain” on page 28.
Media Standard
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-LX/ LHX/
XD/ZX
1000BASE-LX Single
Fiber
Fiber
Diameter
(microns)
50/125
62.5/125
9/125
9/125
9/125
N/A
Wavelength (nm)
850
850
1310
1550
1300
TX-1310/RX-1550
Tx-1550/RX-1310
N/A
Maximum
Distance*
1000BASE-T N/A
100-FX 50/125 850 2 km
62.5/125
Table 1: Supported SFP Transceivers
1550 15km
NOTE:
* Maximum distance may vary for different SFP vendors
550 m
275 m
10 km
30.50 km
10 km
20 km
20 km
100 m
11
Port and System
Status LEDs
The Vi3026 includes a display panel for system and port indications that simplify installation and network troubleshooting. The LEDs are located on left hand side of the front panel for easy viewing. Details are shown below and described in the following tables.
LED Conditions Status
TP (Link/ACT) Green Green when the TP link is good.
Blinks when any traffic is present.
PoE Green
SFP (Link/ACT) Green/Amber
Green when the port is delivering PoE power.
Green when the SFP link is 1000Mp/s.
Amber when the SFP link is 100Mb/s.
Blinks when any traffic is present.
Table 2: Port Status LEDs
SYSTEM LED
Power
Condition
Green
OFF
Table 3: System Status LED
Status
Lit when power is coming up
AC Power socket
Figure 3: Power Supply Socket
12
Introduction to
Switching
Application
Examples
Network Planning
A network switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple packets. It can partition a network more efficiently than bridges or routers. Therefore, the switch has been recognized as one of the most important devices for today’s networking technology.
When performance bottlenecks are caused by congestion at the network access point such as file server, the device can be connected directly to a switched port.
And by using the full-duplex mode, the bandwidth of the dedicated segment can be doubled to maximize throughput.
When networks are based on repeater (hub) technology, the distance between end stations is limited by a maximum hop count. However, a switch can subdivide the network into smaller and more manageable segments, and linking them to the larger network. It then turns the hop count back to zero and removes the limitation.
A switch can easily be configured in any Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Gigabit
Ethernet network to significantly increase bandwidth while using conventional cabling and network cards.
The Vi3026 implements 24 Gigabit Ethernet TP ports with auto MDIX and 2 slots for the removable SFP module (Vi3026 port 25/26) which supports comprehensive types of fiber connection, such as LC and BiDi-LC modules. It is not only designed to segment your network, but also provide a wide range of options in setting up network connections. Some typical applications are described below.
The switch is suitable for the following applications:
Remote site application is used in Enterprise or SMB
Peer-to-peer application is used in two remote offices
Office network
High Performance Requirement environment
Advance Security for network safety application
Suitable for data/ voice and video conference application
13
Vi3010
Vi3010
Vi3026
Vi3010
Figure 4: Network Connection between Remote Site and Central Site
Vi3026
Vi3026
Vi3026
Vi3026
Figure 5: Peer-to-peer Network Connection
14
Vi3010
Vi3026
Vi3010
Figure 6: Office Network Connection
15
Selecting a Site
Ethernet Cabling
Installing the Switch
The switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a flat surface. Be sure to follow the guidelines below when choosing a location.
The site should: o Be at the center of all the devices you want to link and near a power outlet. o Be able to maintain its temperature within 0 to 40°C (32 to 104
°F) and its humidity within 10% to 90%, non-condensing. o Be accessible for installing, cabling and maintaining the devices. o Allow the status LEDs to be clearly visible.
Make sure the twisted-pair Ethernet cable is always routed away from power lines, radios, transmitters or any other electrical interference.
Make sure that Vi3026 is connected to a separate grounded power outlet that provides 100 to 240VAC and 50 to 60 Hz.
To ensure proper operation when installing the switch into a network, make sure that the current cables are suitable for 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T operation.
Check the following criteria against the current installation of your network:
Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP) cable with RJ-45 connectors; Category 5 or Category 5e with maximum length of 100 meters is recommend 100BASE-TX, and Category 5e or 6 with maximum length of 100 meters is recommend for 1000BASE-T.
Protection from radio frequency interference emissions.
Electrical surge suppression.
Separation of electrical wires and data based network wiring.
Safe connections with no damaged cables, connectors or shields.
Figure 7: RJ-45 Connections Figure 8: SFP Transceiver
16
Equipment
Checklist
Package Contents
Mounting
Racking Mounting
After unpacking this switch, please make sure you have received all the components. And before beginning the installation process, be sure you have all other necessary installation equipment.
Contents include:
Vi3026 GbE Management Switch
Four adhesive rubber feet
Mounting Accessory (for 19” Rack Shelf)
User’s Manual CD
AC Power Cord
RS-232 to RJ-45 Console Cable
NOTE:
Please notify your sales representative immediately if any of the aforementioned items is missing or damaged.
WARNING:
The mini-GBICs are Class 1 laser devices. Avoid direct eye exposure to the beam coming from the transmit port.
The switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a desktop or shelf. Mounting instructions for each type of site as follow.
Before rack mounting the switch, please pay attention to the following factors:
Temperature: Since the temperature within a rack assembly may be higher than the ambient room temperature, check that the rackenvironment temperature is within the specified operating temperature range (0 to 40 °C).
Mechanical Loading: Do not place any equipment on top of a rackmounted unit.
Circuit Overloading: Be sure that the supply circuit to the rack assembly is not overloaded.
Grounding: Rack-mounted equipment should be properly grounded.
17
To Rack-Mount
Devices
Step 1. Attach the brackets to the device using the screws provided in the Mounting
Accessory.
Figure 9: Attaching the Brackets
Step 2. Mount the device in the rack, using four rack-mounting screws. Be sure to secure the lower rack-mounting screws first to prevent the brackets being bent by the weight of the switch.
Figure 10: Installing the switch in a Rack
Step 3. If installing a single switch only, turn to “Connection to a Power Source” at the end of this chapter.
Step 4. If installing multiple switches, mount them on the rack one below the other, in any order.
18
Desktop or Shelf
Mounting
Installing an
Optional SFP
Transceiver
Step 1. Attach the four adhesive rubber feet to the bottom of the first switch.
Figure 11: Attaching the Adhesive Rubber Feet
Step 2. Set the device on a flat surface near an AC power source. Make sure there are at least two inches of space on all sides for proper air flow.
Step 3. If installing a single switch only, go to “Connecting to a Power Source” at the end of this Chapter.
Step 4. If installing multiple switches, attach four adhesive feet to each one. Place each device squarely on top of the one below, in any order.
You can install or remove a mini-GBIC SFP from a mini-GBIC slot without having to power off the switch. Use only Manufacture mini-GBIC.
NOTE:
The mini-GBIC ports operate only at full duplex. Half duplex operation is not supported.
Ensure the network cable is NOT connected when you install or remove a mini-GBIC.
CAUTION:
Use only supported genuine Manufacture mini-GBICs with your switch. Non-Manufacture mini-GBIC might have compatible issue, and their use may result in product malfunction.
19
Install a SFP
Transceiver
Figure 12: Inserting an SFP Transceiver into a Slot
The SFP slots support the following optional SFP transceivers:
Description
1000Base-SX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode 850nm
1000Base-SX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode 1310nm
2km
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 10km
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 30km
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 50km
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 50km
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 10km,
1310nm
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 10km,
1550nm
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 20km,
1550nm
1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 20km,
1310nm
100Base-FX FE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode
100Base-FX FE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 20km
Step 1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate SFP transceiver type.
Step 2. Insert the transceiver with the optical connector facing outward and the slot connector facing down. Note that the SFP transceivers are keyed so they can only be installed in one orientation.
Step 3. Slide the SFP transceiver into the slot until it clicks into place.
NOTE:
SFP transceivers are not provided in the switch package.
20
Connecting to a
Power Source
Connecting to the
Console Port
You can plug or remove power cord from AC power socket to switch the power on or off.
Figure 13: Inserting the Power Cord to AC Power Socket
Step 1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the AC Socket located at the back of the switch.
Step 2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-Pin, AC power source.
Step 3. Check the front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure the
POWER LED is lit. If not, check that the power cable is correctly plugged in.
WARNING:
For International use, you may need to change the AC line cord. You must use a line cord set that has been approved for the socket type in your country.
The RJ-45 serial port on the switch’s front panel is used to connect to the switch for out-of-band console configuration. The command-line-driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program. The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in the following table.
2 TXD 5 GND
3 RXD
Figure 14: Serial Port (RJ-45) Pin-Out
21
Wiring Map for Serial
Cable
Switch’s 8-Pin
Serial Port
2 RXD (receive data)
3 RXD (receive data)
5 SGND (Signal ground)
Null Modem
-----------------
PC’s 9-Pin DTE Port
3 TXD (transmit data)
----------------- 2 RXD (receive data)
------------------- 5 SGND (Signal ground)
Table 4: Serial Cable Wiring
NOTE:
No other pins are used.
Figure 15: Plug in the Console Port
The serial port’s configuration requirements are as follows:
Default Baud rate—115,200 bps
Character Size—8 Characters
Parity—None
Stop bit—One
Data bits—8
Flow control—none
22
Operation of Web-
Based
Management
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:
IP Address
192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
192.168.1.254
Username
admin
Password
After the managed switch has been finished configuration in the CLI via the switch’s serial interface, you can browse it. For instance, type http://192.168.1.1
in the address row in a browser, it will show the following screen and ask you to input the username and password in order to login and access authentication. The default username and password are both “admin”. For the first time to use, please enter the default username and password, then click the <Login> button. The login process now is completed.
Vi3026 Web User Interface :
The server 192.168.20.15 at Vi3026 requires a username and password.
NOTE:
If you need to configure the function or parameter, you can refer to the details in the User Guide. Or you could access to the
Switch and click the "help" under the web GUI. The switch will pop-up the simple help content to teach you how to set the parameters.
23
Vi3026 Web Help Function:
24
Connecting
Network Devices
Twisted-Pair
Devices
Cabling Guidelines
Connecting to PCs,
Servers, Hubs and
Switches
Making Network Connections
The switch is designed to be connected to 10, 100 or 1000Mbps network cards in
PCs and servers, as well as, to other switches and hubs. It may also be connected to remote devices using optional SFP transceivers.
Each device requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable with RJ-45 connectors at both ends. Use Category 5, 5e or 6 cables for 1000BASE-T connections, Category
5 or better for 100BASE-TX connections.
The RJ-45 ports on the switch support automatic MDI/MDI-X pin-out configuration, so you can use standard straight-through twisted-pair cables to connect to any other network device (PCs, servers, switches, routers, or hubs).
See Appendix B for further information on cabling.
CAUTION:
Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port.
This will damage the switch. Use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-
45 connectors that conform to FCC standards.
Step 1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the device’s RJ-45 connector.
Figure 16: Making Twisted-Pair Connections
25
Network Wiring
Connections
Step 2. If the device is a network card and the switch is in the wiring closet, attach the other end of the cable segment to a modular wall outlet that is connected to the wiring closet (see the section “Network Wiring Connections”). Otherwise, attach the other end to an available port on the switch.
Make sure each twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters (328ft) in length.
NOTE:
Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually required to solve a problem. Otherwise, back pressure jamming signals may degrade overall performance for the segment attached to the hub.
Step 3. As each connection is made, the Link LED (on the switch) corresponding to each port will light green (1000 Mbps) or amber (100 Mbps) to indicate that the connection is valid.
Today, the punch-down block is an integral part of many of the newer equipment racks. It is actually part of the patch panel. Instructions for making connections in the wiring closet with this type of equipment follows.
Step 1. Attach one end of a patch cable to an available port on the switch and the other end to the patch panel.
Step 2. If not already in place, attach one end of a cable segment to the back of the patch panel where the punch-down block is located and the other end to a modular wall outlet.
Step 3. Label the cables to simplify future troubleshooting. See “Cable Labeling and
Connection Records” on page 29.
Switch
Equipment Rack
(side view)
Figure 17: Network Wiring Connections
Patch Panel
Patch-Down Block
Wall
26
Fiber Optic SFP
Devices
An optional Gigabit SFP transceiver can be used for a backbone connection between switches, or for connecting to a high-speed server.
Each single-mode fiber port requires 9/125 micron single-mode fiber optic cable with an LC connector at both ends. Each multimode fiber optic port requires
50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic cabling with an LC connector at both ends.
WARNING: This switch uses lasers to transmit signals over fiber optic cable. The lasers are inherently eye safe in normal operation.
However, user should never look directly at a transmit port when it is powered on.
WARNING:
When selecting a fiber SFP device, considering safety, please make sure that it can function at a temperature that is not less than the recommended maximum operational temperature of the product. You must also use an approved Laser SFP transceiver.
Step 1. Remove and keep the LC port’s rubber plug. When not connected to a fiber cable, the rubber plug should be replaced to protect the optics.
Step 2. Check that the fiber terminators are clean. You can clean the cable plugs by wiping them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball moistened with a little ethanol.
Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair the quality of the light transmitted through the cable and lead to degraded performance on the port.
Step 3. Connect one end of the cable to the LC port on the switch and the other end to the LC port on the other device. Since LC connectors are keyed, the cable can be attached in only one orientation.
Figure 18: Making Fiber Port Connections
Step 4. As a connection is made, check the Link LED on the switch corresponding to the port to be sure that the connection is valid.
The fiber optic ports operate at 1 Gbps. The maximum length for fiber optic cable operating at Gigabit speed will depend on the fiber type as listed under “1000
Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain” on page 28.
27
Connectivity Rules
1000Base-T Cable
Requirements
When adding hubs to your network, please note that because switches break up the path for connected devices into separate collision domains, you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your calculations for cascade length involving other devices.
All Category 5 UTP cables that are used for 100BASE-TX connections should also work for 1000BASE-T, providing that all four wire pairs are connected. However, it is recommended that for all critical connections, or any new cable installations,
Category 5e or Category 6 cable should be used. The Category 5e and 6 specifications include test parameters that are only recommendations for Category
5. Therefore, the first step in preparing existing Category 5 cabling for running
1000BASE-T is a simple test of the cable installation to be sure that it complies with the IEEE 802.3-2005 standards.
1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain
Table 5: Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length
Cable Type
Category 5, 5e or 6 100-ohm
UTP or STP
Maximum Cable Length
100.m (328 ft)
Table 6: Maximum 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Fiber Cable Lengths
Connector
RJ-45
Fiber Size
62.5/125 micron multimode fiber
Fiber Bandwidth
160 MHz/km
200 MHz/km
Maximum Cable Length
220 m (722 ft)
275 m (902 ft)
50/125 micron multimode fiber
400 MHz/km
500 MHz/km
500 m (1641 ft)
550 m (1805 ft)
Table 7: Maximum 1000BASE-LX/LHX/XD/ZX Gigabit Fiber Cable Length
Fiber Bandwidth
N/A
Maximum Cable Length
10km (6.2 miles)
Fiber Size
9/125 micron single-mode fiber
1310nm
9/125 micron single-mode fiber
1550nm
N/A 30km (18.64 miles)
50km (31.06 miles)
Connector
LC
LC
LC
LC
Connector
LC
LC
LC
28
Table 8: Maximum 1000BASE-LX Single Fiber Gigabit Fiber Cable Length
Fiber Size
Single-mode
TX-1310nm
RX-1550nm
Fiber Bandwidth
N/A
Maximum Cable Length
20km (12.42miles)
Single-mode
TX-1550nm
RX-1310nm
N/A 20km (12.42miles)
100 MBPS FAST ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN
Table 9: Maximum Fast Ethernet Cable Lengths
Cable Type
Category 5, 5e or 6 100-ohm
UTP or STP
Maximum Cable Length
100.m (328 ft)
Connector
BIDI
LC
BIDI
LC
Connector
RJ-45
29
Cable Labeling and Connection Records
When planning a network installation, it is essential to label the opposing ends of cables and to record where each cable is connected. This will allow user to easily locate inter-connected devices, isolate faults and change your topology without need for unnecessary time consumption.
To best manage the physical implementations of your network, follow these guidelines:
Clearly label the opposing ends of each cable.
Using your building’s floor plans, draw a map of the location of all network-connected equipment. For each piece of equipment, identify the devices to which it is connected.
Note the length of each cable and the maximum cable length supported by the switch ports.
For ease of understanding, use a location-based key when assigning prefixes to your cable labeling.
Use sequential numbers for cables that originate from the same equipment.
Differentiate between racks by naming accordingly.
Label each separate piece of equipment.
Display a copy of your equipment map, including keys to all abbreviations at each equipment rack.
30
Basic
Troubleshooting
Tips
Troubleshooting
Most problems are caused by the following situations. Check for these items first when starting your troubleshooting:
Connecting to devices that have a fixed full- duplex configuration.
The RJ-45 ports are configured as “Auto”. That is, when connecting to attach devices, the switch will operate in one of two ways to determine the link speed and the communication mode (half duplex or full duplex): o
If the connected device is also configured to Auto, the switch will automatically negotiate both link speed and communication mode. o
If the connected device has a fixed configuration, for example 100Mbps at half or full duplex, the switch will automatically sense the link speed but will default to a communication mode of half-duplex.
Because the Vi3026 behave in this way (in compliance with the IEEE802.3
standard), if a device connected to the switch has a fixed configuration at full duplex, the device will not connect correctly to the switch. The result will be high error rates and very inefficient communications between the switch and the device.
Make sure all devices connected to the Vi3026 Switch devices are configured to auto negotiate, or are configured to connect at half duplex (all hubs are configured this way, for example).
Faulty or loose cables. Look for loose or obviously faulty connections. If they appear to be OK, make sure the connections are snug. If that does not correct the problem, try a different cable.
Non-standard cables. Non-standard and mis-wired cables may cause network collisions and other network problems, and can seriously impair network performance. Use a new correctly-wired cable for pin-outs and correct cable wiring. A category 5 cable tester is a recommended tool for every 100Base-TX and 1000Base-T network installation.
Improper Network Topologies. It is important to make sure you have a valid network topology. If you no longer experience the problems, the new topology is probably at fault. In addition, you should make sure that your network topology contains no data path loops.
Check the Port Configuration. A port on your switch may not be operating as you expect because it has been put into a “blocking” state by Spanning Tree,
GVRP (automatic VLANs), or LACP (automatic trunking). (Note that the normal operation of the Spanning Tree, GVRP, and LACP features may put the port in a blocking state.) Or, the port just may have been configured as disabled through software.
31
Table 10: Troubleshooting Chart
Symptom
POWER LED is Off
Link LED is Off
Action
Check connections between the switch, the power cord and the wall outlet.
Contact your dealer for assistance.
Verify that the switch and attached device are powered on.
Be sure the cable is plugged into the switch and corresponding device.
If the switch is installed in a rack, check the connections to the punch-down block and patch panel.
Verify that the proper cable type is used and its length does not exceed specified limits.
Check the adapter on the attached device and cable connections for possible defects. Replace the defective adapter or cable if necessary.
32
Problems
Installation
In-Band Access
Power and Cooling Problems
If the power indicator does not turn on when the power cord is plugged in, you may have a problem with the power outlet, power cord, or internal power supply.
However, if the unit powers off after running for a while, check for loose power connections, power losses or surges at the power outlet. If you still cannot isolate the problem, the internal power supply may be defective. Verify that all system components have been properly installed. If one or more components appear to be malfunctioning (such as the power cord or network cabling), test them in an alternate environment where you are sure that all the other components are functioning properly.
You can access the management agent in the switch from anywhere within the attached network using Telnet, a web browser. However, you must first configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you have trouble establishing a link to the management agent, check to see if you have a valid network connection. Then, verify that you entered the correct IP address.
Also, be sure the port through which you are connecting to the switch has not been disabled. If it has not been disabled, then check the network cabling that runs between your remote location and the switch.
NOTE:
The management agent accepts up to four simultaneous
Telnet sessions. If the maximum number of sessions already exists, an additional Telnet connection will not be able to log into the system.
33
Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin
Assignments
10Base-T/100-
Base-TX Pin
Assignments
Cables
For 10/100BASE-TX connections, the twisted-pair cable must have two pairs of wires. For 1000BASE-T connections the twisted-pair cable must have four pairs of wires. Each wire pair is identified by two different colors. For example, one wire might be green and the other, green with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45 connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.
CAUTION:
DO NOT plug a phone jack connector into any RJ-45 port. Use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform with FCC standards.
CAUTION: Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-45 connectors in a specific orientation.
The figure below illustrates how the pins on the RJ-45 connector are numbered. Be sure to hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires to the pins.
Figure 19: RJ-45 Connector Pin Numbers
Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for RJ-45 connections: 100-ohm Category 3 or better cable for 10 Mbps connections, or 100ohm Category 5 or better cable for 100 Mbps connections. Also be sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
The RJ-45 ports on the switch base unit support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs. In straight-through cable, pins 1, 2, 3, and 6, at one end of the cable, are connected straight through to pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 at the other end of the cable. When using any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable.
34
Straight-Through
Wiring
Table 11: 10/100BASE-TX MDI and MDI-X Port Pin-outs
Pin
3
6
1
2
4, 5, 7, 8
MDI Signal Name
Transmit Data plus (TD+)
Transmit Data minus (TD-)
Receive Data plus (RD+)
Receive Data minus (RD-)
Not used
MDI-X Signal Name
Receive Data plus (RD+)
Receive Data minus (RD-)
Transmit Data plus (TD+)
Transmit Data minus (TD-)
Not used
NOTE:
The “+” and “-” signs represent the polarity of the wires that make up each wire pair.
If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and only one of the ports has an internal crossover (MDI-X), the two pairs of wires must be straight-through (when auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type).
You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to support
Gigabit Ethernet.
EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard
10/100BASE-TX Straight-through Cable
Figure 20: Straight-through Wiring
35
Crossover Wiring
1000Base-T Pin
Assignments
If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and either both ports are labeled with an “X” (MDI-X) or neither port is labeled with an “X” (MDI), a crossover must be implemented in the wiring (when auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type).
You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to support
Gigabit Ethernet.
EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard
10/100BASE-TX Crossover Cable
Pin
5
6
3
4
1
2
7
8
Figure 21: Crossover Wiring
All 1000BASE-T ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs.
The table below shows the 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X port pin-outs. These ports require that all four pairs of wires be connected. Note that for 1000BASE-T operation, all four pairs of wires are used for both transmit and receive.
Use 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for 1000BASE-T connections. Also be sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
Table 12: 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X Port Pin-outs
MDI Signal Name
Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+)
Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-)
Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+)
Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+)
Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-)
Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-)
Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+)
Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-)
MDI-X Signal Name
Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+)
Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-)
Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+)
Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+)
Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-)
Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-)
Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+)
Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-)
36
Cable Testing for
Existing Category 5
Cable
Fiber Standards
Installed Category 5 cabling must pass tests for Attenuation, Near-End Crosstalk
(NEXT), and Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT). This cable testing information is specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-67 standard. Additionally, cables must also pass test parameters for Return Loss and Equal-Level Far-End Crosstalk (ELFEXT). These tests are specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-95 Bulletin, “The Additional Transmission
Performance Guidelines for 100 Ohm 4-Pair Category 5 Cabling.”
NOTE: That when testing your cable installation, be sure to include all patch cables between switches and end devices.
If your existing Category 5 installation does not meet one of the test parameters for 1000BASE-T, there are basically three measures that can be applied to try and correct the problem:
1. Replace any Category 5 patch cables with high-performance Category 5e or Category 6 cables.
2. Reduce the number of connectors used in the link.
3. Reconnect some of the connectors in the link.
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) has standardized various fiber types for data networks. These are summarized in the following table.
Table 13: Fiber Standards
ITU-T
Standard
Description
G.651
G.652
Multimode Fiber
50/125-micron core
Non-Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core
G.652.C
G.653
G.654
G.655
Low Water Peak Non- Dispersion-
Shifted Fiber Single-mode, 9/125micron core
Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core
1550-nm Loss-Minimized Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core
Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted
Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core
Application
Short-reach connections in the
1300- nm or 850-nm band.
Longer spans and extended reach. Optimized for operation in the 1310- nm band. but can also be used in the
1550-nm band.
Longer spans and extended reach. Optimized for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission across wavelengths from 1285 to
1625 nm. The zero dispersion wavelength is in the 1310-nm region.
Longer spans and extended reach. Optimized for operation in the region from 1500 to
1600-nm.
Extended long-haul applications. Optimized for high-power transmission in the
1500 to 1600-nm region, with low loss in the 1550-nm band.
Extended long-haul. applications. Optimized for high-power dense wavelengthdivision multiplexing (DWDM) operation in the region from
1500 to 1600-nm.
37
Physical
Characteristics
Specifications
Ports
Network Interface
20 10/100/1000Mbps UTP (PoE)
2 100/1000Mbps SFP Fiber ports
4 GbE Combo Port TP/ (100/1000M) SFP
Ports 1-20: RJ-45 connector, auto MDI/X
10BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 3 or better)
100BASE-TX: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable;
Category 5 or better)
1000BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP or STP cable;
Category 5, 5e or 6)
*Maximum Cable Length - 100 m (328ft)
Ports 21-24: RJ-45 connector/ (100/1000M)SFP
(Vi3026 only)
Ports 25-26: 100/1000M SFP ports
512KB on-chip frame buffer
Buffer Architecture
Aggregate Bandwidth
52 Gbps for Vi3026
Switching Database
LEDS
Weight
Size
Temperature
8K MAC address entries
System: POWER
TP Port: status (LINK/ACT), 10/100/1000M
SFP Port: status (LINK/ACT/SPD), 100/1000M
5 kg (11.02 lbs)
44(H) x 442(W) x 385(D) mm
1.7”x17.4”x 13.3”
Operating: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
Humidity
Power Input
Operating: 10% to 90% (non-condensing)
100~240VAC, 50~60Hz
Power Supply
Power Consumption
Internal: 525 Watts (For PoE: 370W)
370 Watts Maximum for PoE
38
Switch Features
Management
Features
Standards
Compliances
Forwarding Mode
Throughput
Flow Control
Store-and-forward
95.232 Mpps
Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3X
Half Duplex: Back pressure
In-Band Management
Out-of-Band Management
Software Loading
SSH/SSL, Telnet, SNMP, or HTTP
RS-232 (RJ-45) console port
HTTP, TFTP in-band, Console out-ofband
EEE 802.3 => 10Base-T Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)
IEEE 802.3u => 100Base-TX Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)
IEEE 802.3ab => 1000Base-TX Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)
IEEE 802.3z => 1000Base-X Ethernet
IEEE 802.3x => Flow Control Capability
ANSI/IEEE 802.3 => Auto-negotiation
IEEE 802.1Q => VLAN
IEEE 802.1p => Class of Service
IEEE 802.1X => Access Control
IEEE 802.1D => Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.1w => Rapid Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.1s => Multiple Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.3ad => ink Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)
IEEE 802.1AB => Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
Emissions
Immunity
EN55022 (CISPR 22) Class A EN 61000-3
FCC Class A
CE Mark
UL 60950-1
EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/8/11
EN 55024
39
10Base-T
100Base-Tx
1000Base-Lh
1000Base-Lx
1000Base-Sx
1000Base-T
Auto-
Negotiation
Bandwidth
Collision Domain
CSMA/CD
End Station
Ethernet
Compliances
IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3, 4, or 5
UTP cable.
IEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 5 UTP cable .
Specification for long-haul Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 9/125 micron core fiber cable.
IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125, 62.5/125 or 9/125 micron core fiber cable.
IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125 or
62.5/125 micron core fiber cable.
IEEE 802.3ab specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 twisted-pair cable (using all four wire pairs).
Signaling method allowing each node to select its optimum operational mode (e.g., speed and duplex mode) based on the capabilities of the node to which it is connected.
The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network signals. Also synonymous with wire speed, the actual speed of the data transmission along the cable.
Single CSMA/CD LAN segment.
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) is the communication method employed by Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.
A workstation, server, or other device that does not forward traffic.
A network communication system developed and standardized by DEC, Intel, and
Xerox, were using baseband transmission, CSMA/CD access, logical bus topology, and coaxial cable. The successor IEEE 802.3 standard provides for integration into the OSI model and extends the physical layer and media with repeaters and implementations that operate on fiber, thin coax and twisted-pair cable.
40
Fast Ethernet
Full Duplex
Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE
IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.3AB
IEEE 802.3U
IEEE 802.3X
IEEE 802.3Z
LAN Segment
LED
Local Area
Network (LAN)
Media Access
Control (MAC)
MIB
Modal
Bandwidth
Network
Diameter
RJ-45 Connector
A 100 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/
CD access method.
Transmission method that allows two network devices to transmit and receive concurrently, effectively doubling the bandwidth of that link.
A 1000 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/
CD access method.
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
Defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications.
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 1000BASE-T
Gigabit Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 100BASE-
TX Fast Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)
Defines Ethernet frame start/stop requests and timers used for flow control on full-duplex links. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 1000BASE
Gigabit Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)
Separate LAN or collision domain.
Light emitting diode used for monitoring a device or network condition.
A group of interconnected computer and support devices.
A portion of the networking protocol that governs access to the transmission medium, facilitating the exchange of data between network nodes.
An acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of database objects that contains information about the device.
Bandwidth for multimode fiber is referred to as modal bandwidth because it varies with the modal field (or core diameter) of the fiber. Modal bandwidth is specified in units of MHz per km, which indicates the amount of bandwidth supported by the fiber for a one km distance.
Wire distance between two end stations in the same collision domain.
A connector for twisted-pair wiring.
41
Switched Ports
TIA
Transmission
Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
User Datagram
Protocol (UDP)
UTP
Virtual LAN
(VLAN)
Ports that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments.
Telecommunications Industry Association.
Protocol suite that includes TCP as the primary transport protocol, and IP as the network layer protocol.
UDP provides a datagram mode for the packet-switched communications. It uses the IP as the underlying transport mechanism to provide access to IP-like services.
UDP packets are delivered just like IP packets – connection-less data grams that may be discarded before reaching their targets. UDP is useful when TCP would be too complex, too slow, or just unnecessary.
Unshielded twisted-pair cable.
A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. A
VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, allowing users to share information and resources as though located on the same LAN.
42
Vigitron, Inc.
Contact Information
7810 Trade Street, Suite 100
San Diego, CA 92121 [email protected]
Tel: (858) 484-5209
Fax: (858) 484-1205 www.vigitron.com
43
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