Applied Membranes MYRON L COMPANY Ultrameter III 9PTK Operation Manual

Ultrameter

III

™

Operation manual mODel 9PtK

Distributed By:

®

Industry Leader in RO Expertise and Membrane Applications since 1983™

2 450 Business Park Dr., Vista, CA 92081  (760) 727-3711  (760) 727-4427 www.appliedmembranes.com  [email protected]

Distributed by Applied Membranes, Inc. www.appliedmembranes.com

27 April 11


the 9P titratiOn Kit (with blUDOcK OPtiOn) cOmes with everything yOU see here

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Please checK the cOntents OF yOUr Kit!

Ultrameter III ™ Model 9P

Cell Extender Model TKCE

Foam-lined hard carry case

M’PET 100µL fixed volume pipette Model FVMP-100

12 disposable pipette tips

2oz. bottle of Alkalinity Standard Solution

2oz. bottle of Hardness Standard Solution

Model ALK-1002OZ

Model HARD-2002OZ

2oz. bottle of pH 4 buffer Model PH42OZ



2oz. bottle of pH/ORP Sensor Storage Solution Model SS2OZ

2oz. bottle of alkalinity Reagent A1

2oz. bottle of hardness Reagent C1

Model H2SO4-12OZ

2oz. bottle of hardness Reagent H1

Model HCL-32OZ



Model NAOH2OZ

Model EDTA-LC2OZ

Model EDTA-HC2OZ

2oz. bottle of ORP ISA Sensor Conditioner Model ORPCOND2OZ

2oz. bottle of KCl-7000

2oz. bottle of 442-3000

Model KCL-70002OZ

Model 442-30002OZ

Titration T-plunger Model TPLuNgER

Wireless USB Adapter (dongle) for 9Ps ordered with bluDock™ option installed Model BDDO

U2CI software CD for 9Ps ordered with bluDock™ option installed


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ii Distributed by Applied Membranes, Inc. www.appliedmembranes.com

i. intrODUctiOn

Thank you for selecting the feature-packed Ultrameter III ™, one of the

Myron L Company’s latest in an increasing line of instruments utilizing advanced microprocessor-based circuitry and SMT manufacturing processes. This circuitry makes the instrument extremely accurate, reliable and very easy to use.

The Ultrameter III ™ has been designed to include titration measurements for Alkalinity, Hardness and LSI and an LSI Calculator for water balance analysis. The Ultrameter III also features optional Bluetooth® wireless data transfer. Other features include a clock with time and date, memory of up to 100 locations with time and date stamp, the ability of the user to adjust the timeout “Auto OFF”, and enhanced performance. See

Features and Specifications on pages 2-3.

The most exciting feature is data logging with the ability to wirelessly download the memory or stored test data with its corresponding time, date and unit name. This feature allows the user to create spreadsheets and graphs with ease, and quickly and accurately manipulate data more effectively. The optional bluDock™ and accompanying U2CI software is compatible with most computers using either Microsoft Windows XP,

2000, 2007 or Vista™ or Macintosh OS9.2 or OSX™. The data may be imported into a variety of spreadsheet formats like Microsoft Excel

CSV™.

Please Note: Although the Myron L Company has performed extensive testing, we cannot guarantee compatibility of all applications and formats.

We suggest testing your application and format for compatibility before relying on it.

For your convenience, a brief set of instructions is provided on the bottom side of your Ultrameter III . A small waterproof card with abbreviated instructions is also included with the instrument as a quick reference.

Special note ... Conductivity, resistivity, and TDS require mathematical correction to 25°C values (ref. Temperature Compensation, pg. 56). On the left of the Ultrameter III ’s liquid crystal display is shown an indicator of the salt solution characteristic used to model temperature compensation of conductivity and its TDS conversion. The indicator may be KCl,

NaCl, 442™ or User. Selection affects the temperature correction of conductivity and the calculation of TDS from compensated conductivity

(ref. Conductivity Conversion to Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pg. 59).

The selection can affect the reported conductivity of hot or cold solutions and will change the reported TDS of a solution. Using KCl for conductivity,

NaCl for resistivity, and 442™ (Natural Water characteristic) for TDS is consistent with present industry practice for standardization. This is how your instrument, as shipped from the factory, is set to operate. For use in seawater desalination for example, both the conductivity and TDS may easily be changed to NaCl.


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FeatUres and sPeciFicatiOns

A. Features

Alkalinity and Hardness Conductometric Titrations

Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) Titrations and Calculator

ORP/Free Chlorine mode selection

Superior resolution 4 digit LCD displays full 9999 µS/ppm

Cond/TDS Accuracy of ±1% of READINg / ±0.1% at calibration point

All electrodes are internal for maximum protection

Improved 4-electrode sensor technology

Waterproof to 1 meter/3 feet

Autoranging conductivity/TDS/resistivity

Prompts for easy pH calibration

Factory calibrations stored in microprocessor

3 conductivity/TDS solution conversions preprogrammed into microprocessor

User mode feature allows:

Programming your own Cond/TDS conversion factor

Programming your own temperature compensation factor

Disabling temperature compensation

Real Time Clock with Time and Date

Data Logging with TIME and DATE in memory

Memory stores 100 readings

User adjustable timeout “ accessory package auto OFF ”

Bluetooth® wireless download capability with optional bluDock™

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B. general Specifications

Display

Dimensions (LxWxH)

Weight

Case Material

Cond/Res/TDS Cell Material

Cond/TDS Electrodes (4)

Cond/Res/TDS Cell Capacity pH/ORP Sensor Well Capacity

Power

Battery Life

Operating/Storage Temperature

Protection Ratings

EMI/EMC Ratings

(Conformité Européenne)

* ™ SABIC Innovative Plastics IP BV

4 Digit LCD

196 x 68 x 64 mm/

7.7 x 2.7 x 2.5 in.

352 g/12.4 oz.

VALOX*

VALOX*

316 Stainless Steel

5 ml/0.17 oz.

1,2 ml/0.04 oz.

9V Alkaline Battery

>100 Hours/5000 Readings

0-55°C/32-131°F

IP67/NEMA 6 (waterproof to

1 meter/3 feet)

EN61326-1: 2006 + Annex A: 2008

(hand-held devices)

CISPR 11: 2003

IEC 61000-4-2: 2001 and,

IEC 61000-4-3: 2002

Additional information is available on our website: www.myronl.com

MADE IN USA

C. Specification Chart

Parameters ranges

0-9999 µS/cm

10-200 mS/cm in 5 autoranges

0-9999 ppm

10-200 ppt in 5 autoranges resolution accuracy auto temperature compensation adjustable temperature compensation cond/tDs ratios

Preprogrammed adjustable cond/ tDs ratio

Factor

Conductivity

TDS

Resistivity 10K Ω -30M Ω

0.01 (<100 µS)

0.1 (<1000 µS)

1.0 (<10 mS)

0.01 (<100 mS)

0.1 (<200 mS)

0.01 (<100 ppm)

0.1 (<1000 ppm)

1.0 (<10 ppt)

0.01 (<100 ppt)

0.1 (<200 ppt)

0.01 (<100 K Ω )

0.1 (<1000 K Ω )

0.1 (>1 M

Ω

)

±1% of reading

±1% of reading

±1% of reading

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-9.99%/ºC

0-9.99%/ºC

0-9.99%/ºC

KCl, NaCl,

442™

0.20-7.99

pH

Free

Chlorine

0-14 pH ±.01pH

±.01pH

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

ORP ±999 mV

0.00-10.00 ppm

±1 mV

0.01 ppm

0.1(<100 ppm)

1(<800 ppm)

0.1(<100 ppm)

1(<1710 ppm)

±1 mV

<1ppm

±.5ppm

≥1ppm

±.2ppm

Alkalinity

Titration

Hardness

Titration

LSI

Titration

Temp- erature

10-800 ppm

0-1710 ppm

(0-100 grains)

-10 to +10

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0.1

0.1ºC/F ±0.1ºC

*±.2 pH in the presence of RF fields ≥ 3 V/m and > 300 MHz **given water sanitized by chlorine only when 5<pH<9

D. Warranty/Service

The Myron L Ultrameter III , excluding the pH/ORP sensor, has a Two (2)

Year Limited Warranty. The pH/ORP sensor has a Six (6) Month Limited

Warranty for materials and workmanship. If an instrument fails to operate properly, see Troubleshooting Chart, pgs. 52-53. The battery, pH/ORP sensor and cell extender are user-replaceable. For other service, return the instrument prepaid to the Myron L Company.

myrOn l cOmPany

2450 impala Drive carlsbad, ca 92010-7226 Usa

+1-760-438-2021 e-mail: [email protected]

[email protected]

www.myronl.com

If, in the opinion of the factory, failure was due to materials or workmanship, repair or replacement will be made without charge. A reasonable service charge will be made for diagnosis or repairs due to normal wear, abuse or tampering. This warranty is limited to the repair or replacement of the Ultrameter III only. The Myron L Company assumes no other responsibility or liability.

E. Ultrameter III Model

Ultrameter III model 9P

PARAMETERS

Conductivity/Resistivity/TDS/Alkalinity/Hardness/LSI/

ORP/Free Chlorine/pH/Temperature


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Please nOte:

Because of our commitment to product improvement, the substance and style of this manual may change. When changes are made, the updated manual is posted for download in PDF format from the Myron L Website: www.myronl.com

4 Distributed by Applied Membranes, Inc. www.appliedmembranes.com

table OF cOntents

9PTK Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

Instrument Illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

I.

II.

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

FEATURES and SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

A. Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

B. general Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

III.

C. Specification Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

D. Warranty/Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

E. Ultrameter III Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

RULES of OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

A. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

B. Characteristics of the Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

C. Operation of the Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1. Measurement Keys in general . . . . . . . . . 8

IV.

V.

VI.

2. COND, RES and TDS Keys . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3. Alkalinity, Hardness and LSI Keys . . . . . . 9

4. pH and ORP/Free Chlorine Keys. . . . . . 10

5. CAL/MCLR Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6. UP or DOWN Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

AFT ER USINg THE ULTRAMETER III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

A. Maintenance of the Conductivity Cell . . . . . . . . . 11

B. Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor. . . . . . . . . . 11

SPECIFIC RECOMMENDED MEASURINg

PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

A. Parameter Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

B. Titration Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1. Pipette Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2. T-plunger Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3. Mixing Solution in Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

C. Measuring Conductivity &

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

D. Measuring Resistivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

E. Measuring Alkalinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

F. Measuring Hardness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1. Hardness Unit Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2. Hardness Titration Procedure . . . . . . . . 16 g. LSI Calculator Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1. Measuring LSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

2. Hypothetical LSI Calculations . . . . . . . . 19

H. Measuring pH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

I. ORP and Free Chlorine Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1. ORP Mode Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

2. Measuring ORP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3. Measuring Free Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

SOLUTION SELECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

A. Why Solution Selection is Available . . . . . . . . . . 22

B. The 4 Solution Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

C. Calibration of Each Solution Type . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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D. Procedure to Select a Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

E. Application of User Solution Type . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

1. User Programmable Temperature

Compensation (Tempco) . . . . . . . . 24

2. Disabling Temperature Compensation . . . 24

3. User Programmable Conductivity to

TDS Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

VII. CALIBRATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

A. Calibration Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

B. Rules for Calibration of the Ultrameter III . . . . . 26

1. Calibration Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

2. Calibration Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

C. Calibration Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

1. Conductivity or TDS Calibration . . . . . . . 27

2. User Calibration Conductivity/TDS . . . . . 28

3. Resistivity Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4. Reloading Factory Calibration

(Cond or TDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

5. Alkalinity Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6. Hardness Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

7. pH Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

8. ORP Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

9. Temperature Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

VIII. CALIBRATION INTERVALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

IX.

A. Suggested Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

B. Calibration Tracking Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

C. Conductivity, RES, TDS Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

D. pH and ORP/Free Chlorine Practices . . . . . . . . . 36

MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

A. Memory Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

B. Memory Recall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

C. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

X. TIME and DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

A. Setting TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

B. Setting DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

C. DATE FORMAT “US & International (Int)” . . . . . . 40

XI. TEMPERATURE FORMAT “Centigrade & Fahrenheit” . . . . . 41

XII. TOTAL RETURN to FACTORY SETTINgS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

XIII. CELL CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

XIV. AUTO OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

XV. U SER MODE CALIBRATION LINC™ FUNCTION . . . . . . . . 44

A. Calibration of Ultrameter III for use in

User mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

B. Setting User mode Calibration “Linc” . . . . . . . . . 44

C. Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc” . . . . . . . 46

XVI. bluDock™ Wireless Data Transfer Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . 47

A. Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

B. Hardware Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

C. Memory Stack Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48


XVII. CARE and MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

A. Temperature Extremes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

B. Battery Replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

C. pH/ORP Sensor Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

D. Cleaning Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

XVIII. TROUBLESHOOTINg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

XIX. ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

A. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions . . . . . . . . . 54

B. Titration Standard Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

C. Titration Reagent Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

D. pH Buffer Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

E. pH Sensor Storage Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

F. ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 g. Soft Protective Carry Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

H. Hard Protective Carry Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

I. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

J. Pipette Kit with Replacement Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . 56

K. Replacement M’Pet Micropipette . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

L. M’Pet Micropipette Replacement Tips. . . . . . . . . 56

M. bluDock™ Wireless Data Transfer

Accessory Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

XX. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco) of Aqueous Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

A. Standardized to 25°C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

B. Tempco Variation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

C. An Example of 2 different solution selections and the resulting compensation . . . . . . . . . . 57

D. A Chart of Comparative Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

E. Other Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

XXI. CONDUCTIVITY CONVERSION to

TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) . . . . . . 59

A. How it’s Done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

B. Solution Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

C. When does it make a lot of difference?. . . . . . . . 60

XXII. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco) and TDS DERIVATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

A. Conductivity Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

B. Finding the Tempco of an Unknown Solution . . . 61

C. Finding the TDS Ratio of an Unknown Solution . . . 61

XXIII. pH and ORP/ FREE CHLORINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

A. pH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

B. ORP/Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX . . . 64

C. Free Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

XXIV. ALKALINITY, HARDNESS AND LSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

A. Alkalinity and Hardness Titrations. . . . . . . . . . . . 65

B. La ngelier Saturation Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

C. Hardness Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

XXV. SOFTWARE VERSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

XXVI. gLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68


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iii. rUles of OPeratiOn

A. Operation nOte: The cell extender does not interfere with normal operation.

Using the instrument is simple:

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Individual or multiple parameter readings may be obtained by filling individual sensors or entire cell cup area.

Rinse the conductivity cell and/or pH/ORP sensor well with test solution 3 times and refill. Temperature and/or measurement extremes will require additional rinses for maximum accuracy.

Press the desired measurement key to start measurement.

For titrations, user intuitive display prompts guide you through the addition of reagents and measurements.

Pressing any parameter key again in measurements restarts the 15 second “ auto off ” timer. Pressing any parameter key again during titrations will cancel the titration in progress.

Note the value displayed and/or press the ms key to store the reading (ref. Memory Storage, pg. 37). It’s that simple!

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B. Characteristics of the Keys

Though your Ultrameter III has a variety of sophisticated options, it is designed to provide quick, easy, accurate measurements by simply pressing a key.

All functions are performed one key at a time.

THERE IS NO “OFF” KEY. If the instrument remains inactive for 15 seconds after you press any parameter key (user adjustable up to 75 seconds), the instrument turns itself off.

The instrument turns itself off after 60 seconds of inactivity in

CAL mode, 3 minutes of inactivity in each titration screen and

60 seconds of inactivity in each LSI calculator value screen.

Rarely is it necessary to press and hold a key (as in Procedure t o Select a Solution, pg. 23; Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 27; and ORP Mode Selection, pg. 21).

C. Operation of the Keys (See Instrument Illustration, pg. ii)

1. Measurement Keys in general

Any of the 8 measurement keys turns on the instrument in the mode selected. The mode is shown at the bottom of the display for COND,

RES, TDS, ORP and pH. The ORP mode is indicated by the units displayed, mV for ORP or ppm for free chlorine. Measurement units appear at the right. Pressing any measurement key puts the unit in that measurement mode even if you are in a calibration sequence and also serves to cancel a change (ref. Leaving Calibration, pg. 27).


2. COND, RES and TDS Keys

These 3 keys are used with solution in the Conductivity Cell.

Precautions:

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While filling cell cup, ensure no air bubbles cling on the cell wall.

If the proper solution is not selected (KCl, NaCl, 442 or User), refer to Why Solution Selection is Available, pg. 22 and

Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23.

a. COND Key

Solution to be tested is introduced into the conductivity cell and a press of displays conductivity with units on the right. On the left is shown the solution type selected for conductivity.

A press of b. RES Key

displays resistivity with units on the right. On the left is shown solution type selected for resistivity (ref. Solution Selection, pg. 22). The range of display of resistivity is limited to between 10 kilohms (K

Ω

) and 30 megohms (M

Ω

). A solution outside that range will only show [- - - -] in the display.

A press of c. TDS Key displays Total Dissolved Solids with units on the right.

This is a display of the concentration of ionized material calculated from compensated conductivity using the characteristics of a known material.

On the left is shown solution type selected for TDS (ref. Solution

Selection, pg. 22).

3. Alkalinity, Hardness and LSI Keys

These 3 keys enter the unit in the titration measurement functions. The

LSI key also allows you to access the LSI Calculator. nOte: All titration measurements require the installation of the cell extender.

A press of

A press of a. Alkalinity Key enters the Alkalinity titration function.

b. Hardness Key enters the unit in the Hardness titration function.

A press of c. LSI Key enters the unit in LSI calculator mode, which can be used to measure LSI by pulling the most recent alkalinity, hardness, pH and temperature values or for hypothetical water balance adjustments.


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4. pH and ORP/Fr Chl Keys

Measurements are made on solution held in the pH/ORP sensor well

(ref. pH and ORP/Free Chlorine, pg. 62). The protective cap is removed and the sensor well is filled and rinsed with the sample enough times to completely replace the storage solution.

After use, the pH/ORP sensor well must be refilled with Myron L

Storage Solution, and the protective cap reinstalled securely (ref.

Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 11 and Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP, pg. 50).

A press of right. a. pH Key displays pH readings. No units are displayed on the

A press of b. ORP Key displays Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX reading in millivolts if the unit is in ORP mode, or Free Chlorine reading in parts per million if the unit is in Free Chlorine mode.

5. CAL/MCLR Key

While measuring conductivity, TDS, or pH, a press of allows you to enter the calibration mode. Once in CAL mode, a press of this key accepts the new value. If no more calibration options follow, the instrument returns to measuring (ref. Leaving Calibration, pg. 27).

If is held down for about 3 seconds, CAL mode is not entered, but “ sel ” appears to allow Solution Selection (ref. pg. 22) with the

Up or Down keys. As in calibration, the cal key is now an “accept” key.

While measuring ORP or Free Chlorine, holding cal down for about

3 seconds allows ORP mode selection (ref. pg. 21).

For titrations and LSI Calculator, the cal key steps you through the procedure and accepts values for final calculations.

Once in cal mode, a press of this key accepts the new value.

While reviewing stored records, the mclr side of the key is active to allow clearing records (ref. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear, pg.

37).

10

6. UP or DOWN Keys

While measuring in any parameter, the or keys activate


the Memory Store and Memory Recall functions. A single press steps the display and holding either key scrolls the value rapidly.

While in calibration or calculator mode, the keys step or scroll the displayed value up or down.

While in Memory Recall, the keys scroll the display up and down through the stack of records (ref. Memory Recall, pg. 37).

iv.

aFter Using the Ultrameter III

A. Maintenance of the Conductivity Cell

Rinse out the cell cup with clean water. Do not scrub the cell. For oily films, squirt in a foaming non-abrasive cleaner and rinse (ref.

Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50). Even if a very active chemical discolors the electrodes, this does not affect the accuracy; leave it alone.

B. Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor

The sensor well must be kept wet with a saline solution. Before replacing the rubber cap, rinse and fill the sensor well with Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution. If unavailable, you can use an almost saturated KCl solution, pH 4 buffer or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water (ref. pH and ORP Practices to Maintain Calibration, pg.

36). never Use DistilleD water if all OrP solutions are reporting approximately the same value, clean Only the platinum OrP electrode with an mlc OrP conditioner-soaked cotton swab, being careful not to touch the swab to the glass bulb of the ph sensor.

v.

sPeciFic recOmmenDeD measUring PrOceDUres

A. Parameter Methods

For Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids measurements, if the proper solution is not selected (KCl, NaCl, 442 or User), see Solution

Selection, pg. 22.

nOte: After sampling high concentration solutions or temperature extremes, more rinsing may be required. When sampling low conductivity solutions, be sure the pH cap is well seated so that no solution washes into the conductivity cell from around the pH cap.

B. Titration Methods

For Alkalinity, Hardness titrations, assemble the required materials before you begin: a pipette with 100µL tips, the required reagents, the cell extender, and the T-plunger .


11

nOte: The accuracy of titration measurements is affected by your technique. Be careful when removing the cap of the cell extender to add reagents. Flicking the cap or popping it off can cause solution to spill out of the cell extender.

Always use a new pipette tip when changing solutions to avoid contamination.

Plunger Rod

1. Pipette Instructions always use a clean tip when changing solutions! To install a tip, press the wide end of the tip on the end of the pipette until it is secure.

To remove a tip, simply pull it off the end of the pipette.

Shaft Coupling

Disposable Tip

Shaft Coupling

Shaft Bottom

Disposable Tip

Plunger Button

CE Fully Assembled Pipette

Pipette Assembly nOte: Do NOT twist the cap off as this may unscrew the shaft bottom from the pipette.

The pipette has 3 positions: REST, FIRST STOP, and SECOND STOP.

Practice pushing in and letting up on the pipette to feel the different positions.

Rest Position: The plunger is all the way

UP.

First Stop: The plunger is depressed until resistance is felt.

a. To DRAW a sample: grasp the pipette by the shaft with your hand. Rest your thumb on top of the plunger button. Use your thumb to depress the top of the pipette to the

FIRST STOP. Insert the tip end down into sample until only the tip is submerged, about 2-3m m/ 1/8 ". Slowly release the top and let it return to the REST position being careful to keep the tip submerged.

Second Stop: The plunger is depressed all the way DOWN.

12 b. To DISPENSE a sample: With the pipette in the REST position, place the tip end over the

Do not allow the pipette tip to touch the cell wall or the sample.


conductivity cell being careful not to touch the tip to the existing solution .

Depress the top of the pipette to the

SECOND STOP (all the way down) being careful to keep the tip over the cell. Release the plunger button and let it return to the REST position.

2. T -Plunger Instructions

To PLUNgE the cell:

With the cell extender installed and solution in the cell, insert the tip of the

T-plunger in the cell extender until the arms of the T-plunger are flush against the rim of the cell extender. Solution will overflow the cell.

Keeping the arms of the T-plunger flush against the rim of the cell extender, rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

Remove the T-plunger from the cell by lifting it straight up out of the cell, being careful to keep it centered over the mouth of the cell extender. When the

T-plunger is completely out of solution, tap the T-plunger once firmly on the rim of the cell extender to dispel any clinging solution back into the cell.

Remove the T-plunger completely from the cell area.

3. Mixing Solution in Cell

Insert the T-plunger all the way down into the cell extender then rotate it from side to side.

Hold the T-plunger over the cell then tap firmly so that solution is dispelled back into the cell cup.

  a. Agitate

When the display says to agitate (“ agit ”): grasp the instrument on both sides of the keypad (keypad facing up) with your hands so you don’t accidentally drop or release it. Agitate the solution in the cell by swinging the cell cup area of the unit up and down 3 times. Do NOT shake the instrument vigorously as this could create bubbles in the sample solution.

b. Hold

When the display says to hold (“ hOld ”):

Hold the instrument steady in the horizontal position while the instrument records a measurement.

“ agit ”: When “ agit ” displays, swing the cell end of the 9P up and down 3 times.


13

 

“

Agitate and hold as many times as prompted.

Allow the display to cycle through all screens, e.g., edta ”, “ agit ” and “ hOld holding steady until “ P r

”, at least once. Continue es cal ” displays.

Hold the unit steady before pressing accept readings.

1. cal to

“ hOld ”: When “ hOld ” displays, hold the 9P still with bottom of case parallel to the ground.

C. Measuring Conductivity & Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Rinse cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. (This conditions the temperature compensation network and prepares the cell.)

2. Refill cell cup with sample.

3.

4.

Press or .

Take reading. A display of [- - - -] indicates an overrange condition.

D. Measuring Resistivity

Resistivity is for low conductivity solutions. In a cell cup the value may drift from trace contaminants or absorption from atmospheric gasses, so measuring a flowing sample is recommended.

1.

2.

3.

Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

Hold instrument at 30° angle (cup sloping downward).

Let sample flow continuously into conductivity cell with no aeration.

4. Press key; use best reading.

nOte: If reading is lower than 10 kilohms, display will be dashes:

[ - - - - ]. Measure solution Conductivity instead.

14

E. Measuring Alkalinity

Prepare the materials required for titration: Reagent: A1, cell extender,

T-plunger, and 100 µL pipette with a clean tip installed.

nOte: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Alkalinity function. Between titrations, the unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43). Press alK to start the titration process over from step 1.

If you make a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forget to add sample to the cell, “ err ” will display. Start the titration over from Step 1 to obtain a reading.

1.

2.


Install the cell extender by pushing the base of the cell extender into the conductivity cell until it is fully seated.


3.

4.

5.

Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with solution to be measured.

Refill cell cup and cell extender with sample solution.

Insert T-plunger into open cell extender until the “T” rests flush on the lip of the cell extender. This will cause fluid beyond what is required for titration to overflow the cell extender.

6. Rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the

T-plunger to sl ide along the rim of the cell extender.

7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to flick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the side of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

8. Press . “ al ” alternating with “ tds ” briefly displays along with the “ PPm ” value of the sample. “ P when the reading stabilizes.

r es cal ” will display

9. Press cal to accept and advance to the first titration prompt.

“ add ” alternating with “ a1 ” displays; then “ agit t1 ” alternating with “ hOld ” displays. (The number after “ t ” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “ 1 ” here indicates this is the first titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4, etc.)

10. Using the pipette, add 100 µL of Reagent: A1, close the cell extender cap securely, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted. “ P r es cal ” will display.

11. Press cal to advance to the next titration point. “ add ” alternating with “ a1 ” displays; then “ agit t2 ” alternating with

“ hOld ” displays .

12. Tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Carefully open the cell extender cap so as not to spill any solution.

13. Continue adding 100µL of Reagent A1, agitating and holding the


15

unit as prompted, then pressing cal as prompted. An alkalinity value will display when the titration measurement is complete.

14. Note the value for your records or press ms to store the value.

You can begin another Alkalinity titration by pressing alK .

The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

“

1.

PPm

F. Measuring Hardness

Hardness Unit Selection

The 9P offers the ability to set the hardness unit preference to either

” CaCO

3

or grains of hardness. To change hardness units, press harD , then press and hold cal down until “ hard ” and “ sel ” are displayed. Press UP or DOwn to toggle between “ PPm ” and grains

(no units are displayed for grains). Press cal to accept. This also sets the hardness unit preference for the LSI Titration function and the LSI

Calculator simultaneously.

2. Hardness Titration Procedure

Prepare the materials required for titration: Reagent: C1, Reagent: H1,

Reagent: H2, Reagent: H3, cell extender, T-plunger, 100 µL pipette with a clean tip installed, and two extra clean tips.

nOte: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Hardness function. Press harD to start the titration process over from step 1. Between titrations, the unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the

AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2.

3.

4.

5.


Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with solution to be measured.

Refill cell cup and cell extender with sample solution.


16


T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.


7.

8.

Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to flick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the side of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

Press . “ ca ” alternating with “ tds ” displays along with

“ PPm ” sample value. “ P stabilizes.

r es cal ” displays when the reading

9. Press cal . “ add ” alternating with “ c1 ” will display; then “ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.

10. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent C1 to the sample, close the cell extender cap securely, then agitate and hold.

Repeat as prompted. “ OPe will display.

n caP ” alternating with “ P r es cal ”


12. Press cal to start 120 second timer. The display will count down from “ 120 ” to “ 0 ”, allowing time for CO

2

to escape. Using your index finger, firmly tap the side of the instrument closest to the conductivity cell to release any CO

2

bubbles clinging to the conductivity cell/cell cup extender wall. This effectively reduces any bicarbonate alkalinity in the sample and prepares it for titration. After 120 seconds, “ add ” alternating with “ h1

1 ” will display. (The “ 1 ” indicates the first addition of sodium hydroxide.) Then “ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.

13. Change the pipette tip.

14. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent H1 to the cell, close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.

“ P r es cal ” will display.

15. Press cal . “ add ” alternating with “ h1 2 ” will display. (The

“ 2 ” indicates the second addition of sodium hydroxide.) Then

“ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.


17. Using the pipette, add a second 100 µL of Reagent H1 to the


17

cell, close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.


18. Press cal to advance to first titration prompt. “ add ” alternating with either “ edta lc ” (Reagent H2) or “ edta hc ” (Reagent

H3) will display; then “ agit t1 ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display. The number after “ t ” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “ 1 ” here indicates this is the first titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2,

3, 4, etc.



21. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent H2 if “ edta lc ” is displayed, or H3 if “ edta hc ” is displayed.

22. Close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out. Then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.


23. Press cal to advance to the next titration point. Continue adding

100µL of Reagent H2 or H3 using the pipette, agitating and holding the unit as prompted, then pressing cal as prompted.

A hardness value will display when the titration measurement is complete.

24. Note the hardness value for your records or press ms to store the value. You can begin another Hardness titration by pressing harD . The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg.

43).

nOte: If there is a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forgot to add sample to the cell, “ read err ” will alternate with “ rePt tit ”.

Repeat the titration from step 1 to obtain a reading. If the reading is over range, the display indicates “ Or ”. If the reading is under range, the display indicates “ 0.00

”.

18 g. LSI Calculator Functions

The Ultrameter III features an LSI Calculator that can be used to perform actual LSI titration measurements or for hypothetical water balance calculations.

The LSI Calculator computes a Langelier Saturation Index value using measured, default, or user-adjusted values for alkalinity, hardness, pH and temperature.

If you have stored alkalinity, hardness or pH and temperature values, the calculator will automatically display the most recent stored value.


All other values will display as default. You can adjust any or all of the values displayed to determine the effect of the change(s) on the LSI value.

1. Measuring LSI nOte: The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

To compute the actual saturation index of a solution:

Before you enter the calculator function, you must measure and store values for all water balance variables used by the calculator to compute saturation index.

1. Perform an alkalinity titration of the sample solution (ref.

Measuring Alkalinity, pg. 14). Press ms to store the reading in memory.

2.

3.

Perform a hardness titration of the sample solution (ref.

Measuring Hardness, pg. 16). Press ms to store the reading in memory.

Measure the pH of the sample solution (ref. Measuring pH, pg.

20) Press ms to store the reading in memory.

4.

5.

Press .

The last stored alkalinity value is displayed.

6.

7.

8.

Press cal to accept value and advance to the hardness value screen. The last stored hardness value is displayed.

Press cal to accept value and advance to the pH value screen.

The last stored pH value is displayed.

Press cal to accept value and advance to the temperature value screen. The last stored temperature value (taken from the last stored hardness or alkalinity titration) is displayed.

9. Press cal to accept and calculate LSI. The saturation index value will display. Press ms to store the reading. The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

If you want to modify any of the input values and recalculate LSI based on those changes, press cal again and repeat steps 5-9. If you want to change hardness units (ppm/grains), you must do so in the hardness parameter. See Hardness Unit Selection, pg. 16.

2. Hypothetical LSI Calculations nOte: The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).


19

To compute saturation index using hypothetical alkalinity, hardness, pH or temperature values:

20

1.

5.

6.

Press .

2.

3.

4.

1.

2.

3.

Either the last stored value or the default value of “ 120 ” is displayed.

Press the UP or DOwn keys to adjust the alkalinity value or leave as displayed.

Press cal to accept and advance to the hardness value screen. Either the last stored value or the default value of “ 166 ” is displayed.

5. Press cal to accept hardness value and advance to the pH value screen. Either the last stored value or the default value of

“ 7.20

” is displayed.

Press UP or DOwn to adjust the pH value or leave as displayed.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Press cal to accept pH value and advance to the temperature value screen. Either the last stored value (taken from the last stored hardness or alkalinity titration) or the default value of

“ 25 ºc ” is displayed.

Press UP or DOwn to adjust the temperature value or leave as displayed.

Press cal to accept and calculate LSI. A saturation index value will display.

If you want to modify any of the input values and recalculate LSI based on those changes, press cal again and repeat steps 3-9. If you want to change hardness units, you must do so in the hardness parameter. See

Hardness Unit Selection, pg. 16.

H. Measuring pH

Remove protective cap by rotating while grasping and pulling up.

Rinse pH/ORP sensor well and conductivity cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. Shake out each sample to remove any residual liquid.

Refill both sensor well and cell cup with sample.

4. Press .

Note value displayed.

imPOrtant: After use, fill pH/ORP sensor well with Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution and replace protective cap. If

Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution is unavailable, you can use a strong KCl solution, a pH 4 buffer, or a saturated solution


of table salt and tap water (ref. Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP, pg. 50). Do not allow pH/ORP sensor to dry out.

I. ORP and Free Chlorine Modes

The Ultrameter III features the ability to measure the activity of oxidizing or reducing chemicals in solution as ORP mV and the level of residual sanitizer as ppm free chlorine. mV and ppm free chlorine are the two most commonly used sanitizer measurement units in water quality management.

1. ORP Mode Selection

ORP mode selection allows the user to choose to display ORP readings in either ORP millivolts (mV) or as converted to parts per million (ppm) free chlorine. Use ORP to measure the effectiveness of all oxidizing and reducing sanitizers, such as ozone, bromine and chlorine. Use Free

Chlorine in systems sanitized by chlorine only. To select between ORP and Free Chlorine modes:

1. Press .

2. Press and hold for approximately 3 seconds.

The current preference for ORP units of measure is displayed. Factory setting for this preference is mV.

3. Press the or keys to toggle between mV

(standard ORP mode) and ppm (free chlorine measurement mode). The setting chosen is displayed.

PPM

4.

1.

Press any parameter key to exit ORP unit preference selection or let the unit time out. ORP unit preference will be saved.

2. Measuring ORP

Ensure the 9P is in ORP mode (ref. ORP Mode Selection, pg. 21).


21

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.


Rinse sensor well and cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. Shake out each sample to remove any residual liquid.


Press .

Take reading.

Press ms to store reading in memory, if desired. imPOrtant: After use, fill pH/ORP sensor well with Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution and replace protective cap. If

Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution is unavailable, you can use a strong KCl solution, a pH 4 buffer, or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water (ref. Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP, pg. 50). Do not allow pH/ORP sensor to dry out.

3. Measuring Free Chlorine

Ensure the 9P is in free chlorine mode (ref. ORP Mode

Selection, pg. 21).


Thoroughly flush the sensor well and cell cup with a steady stream of the solution you intend to measure by allowing the solution to flow into and out of the sensor well and cell cup for at least 10 seconds.


Press .

Take reading. Annunciators alert you when the concentration is outside the specified measurement range. “ -Or” (over range) will display when the concentration is over the range limit (>

10.00 ppm).

Press ms to store reading in memory if desired.

imPOrtant: After use, fill pH/ORP sensor well with Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution and replace protective cap. If

Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution is unavailable, you can use a strong KCl solution, a pH 4 buffer, or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water (ref. Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP, pg. 50). Do not allow pH/ORP sensor to dry out.

vi. sOlUtiOn selectiOn

A. Why Solution Selection is Available

Conductivity, resistivity, and TDS require temperature correction to

22

25°C values (ref. Standardized to 25°C, pg. 56). Selection determines the temperature correction of conductivity and calculation of TDS from


compensated conductivity (ref. Cond. Conversion to TDS, pg. 59).

B. The 4 Solution Types

On the left side of the display is the salt solution characteristic used to model temperature compensation of conductivity and its TDS conversion. generally, using KCl for conductivity, NaCl for resistivity, and 442 (Natural

Water characteristic) for TDS will reflect present industry practice for standardization. This is how your instrument is shipped from the factory

(ref. Solution Characteristics, pg. 59).

The User selection allows a custom value to be entered for the temperature compensation of conductivity and also the conversion ratio if measuring TDS.

C. Calibration of Each Solution Type

There is a separate calibration for each of the 4 solution types. Note that calibration of a 442 solution does not affect the calibration of a NaCl solution. For example: Calibration (ref. Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 27) is performed separately for each type of solution one wishes to measure (ref. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions, pg. 54).

D. Procedure to Select a Solution nOte: Check display to see if solution displayed (KCl, NaCl, 442 or

User) is already the type desired. If not:

1.

2.

Press , or to select the parameter on which you wish to change the solution type.

Press and hold key for 3 seconds to make “ sel ” appear (see Figure 1). For demonstration purposes, all 4 solution types are shown simultaneously.

3.

4.

Use the or key to select type of solution desired

(ref. Solution Characteristics, pg. 59). The selected solution type will be displayed: KCl, NaCl, 442 or User.

Press to accept new solution type.


23

E. Application of User Solution Type

1. User Programmable Temperature Compensation

(Tempco)

This feature allows you to change your Ultrameter III ’s temperature compensation factor to another factor between 0-9.99%/°C (ref.

Temperature Compensation, pg. 56). This feature does not apply to pH or ORP.

a. b.

As in Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23, select User mode.

With User mode now selected, press adjust a temperature compensation from .00%/°C to 9.99%/°C, by pressing or

. You may now

. See example in Figure 2.

c. a. b.

Press twice to skip calibration adjustment and accept the new tempco (3 times if in TDS mode). You are now ready to measure samples with your new temperature compensation factor.

2. Disabling Temperature Compensation

Select User mode (ref. Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23).

With “ User ” selected, press . If the display does not show .00%/°C, hold

.00%/°C (see Figure 3).

long enough to bring the tempco to


c. Press twice (3 times if in TDS mode). Temperature compensation is now disabled (=0) for measurements in User mode.

3. User Programmable Conductivity to TDS Ratio

This feature allows you to select a custom conductivity to TDS conversion ratio within the range of 0.20-7.99 for User mode measurements.

To determine the conversion ratio for a custom solution of known

TDS ppm value, measure the solution conductivity at 25ºc with the

Ultrameter III and divide the ppm value by the µS value. For example, a solution of known 75 ppm TDS and measured 100 µS conductivity at

25ºC would have a conversion ratio of 75/100 or 0.75. Enter the new conversion ratio as follows: a. While in User mode, press .

b. Press twice (to skip over tempco adjustment) and

“ ratiO ” will appear (see Figure 4).

c. d.

Adjust with displayed.

Press or key until new conversion ratio is

twice (to skip over calibration adjustment) to accept new conversion ratio. You are now ready to measure samples with the new conductivity/TDS ratio.


25

26 vii.

calibratiOn

A. Calibration Intervals generally, calibration is recommended about once per month with

Conductivity or TDS solutions. Calibration with pH solutions should be checked twice a month. Calibration of ORP is not necessary (ref.

CALIBRATION INTERVALS TABLE under Calibration Steps below).

B. Rules for Calibration of the Ultrameter III

1. Calibration Steps

The following table lists measurement functions and their corresponding calibration requirements:

CALIBRATION INTERVALS TABLE:

Function

Cond

Res

TDS pH

ORP

Alkalinity

Hardness

Kcl, nacl or 442 gain Only

7, acid and/or base automatically gain Only

User

Tempco, then gain

Done in Conductivity Done in Conductivity gain Only Tempco, Ratio, then gain

Zero set with pH 7 gain Only a. Starting Calibration

For Alkalinity and Hardness, calibration is begun by pressing when the titration is complete and a value displays.

For Conductivity, TDS or pH, calibration is begun by pressing while measuring Conductivity, TDS or pH. Measuring continues, but the “ cal ” icon is on, indicating calibration is now changeable. The reading is changed with the known value.

and keys to match the

The calibration for each of the 4 solution types may be performed in either conductivity or TDS mode.

Once in CAL mode, the new calibration.

key becomes an “ACCEPT” key for the

For pH, at each point, pressing accepts the new calibration value and steps you to the next adjustment.


To bypass a calibration, simply press value as-is.

to accept the present

Pressing b. Leaving Calibration

accepts calibration and exits CAL mode if there are no more steps. Calibration is complete when the “ cal ” icon goes out.

Pressing any measurement key during calibration cancels changes not yet accepted and exits calibration mode. Leaving pH after the 2nd buffer results in the same gain being entered in place of the 3rd buffer.

a.

2. Calibration Limits

There are calibration limits for all functions for which calibration is required. For Alkalinity and Hardness, the 9P will not allow you to calibrate beyond its calibration limits. For all other functions, attempts to calibrate too far up or down from the ideal “ Fac ” value stored in the unit by the factory will cause the displayed value to be replaced with

“ Fac ”. If you accept it (press the cal key), you will have the original default factory calibration for this measurement. The need to calibrate so far out that “ Fac ” appears indicates a procedural problem, incorrect standard solution, a very dirty cell cup or an aging pH/ORP sensor (ref.

Troubleshooting Chart, pg. 52).

C. Calibration Procedures b. c.

1. Conductivity or TDS Calibration

Ri nse conductivity cell 3 times with proper standard (KCl, NaCl, or 44 2) (ref. Cond/TDS Standard Solutions, pg. 54). For user calibration see User Calibration Conductivity/TDS below.

Refill conductivity cell with same standard. KCl-7000 shown.

Press or , then press appear on the display (see Figure 5).

; “ cal ” icon will d. Press or to step the displayed value toward the standard’s value (7032 > 7000) or hold a key down to scroll rapidly through the reading.


27

e. Press once to confirm new value and end the calibration sequence for this particular solution type. If another solution type is also to be measured, change solution type now and repeat this procedure.

2. User Calibration Conductivity/TDS

Instrument must be in User mode, see Solution Selection, pg. 22.

a. Rinse conductivity cell three times with YOUR standard.

b. Refill conductivity cell with same standard. c. d.

Press or , then press twice in COND /three times in TDS. The “ cal ” icon will appear on the display.

Press or to step the displayed value toward the standard’s value or hold a key down to scroll rapidly through the reading.

e. Press once to confirm new value and end the calibration sequence for this particular solution type.

3. Resistivity Calibration

Resistivity is the reciprocal of Conductivity. To calibrate resistivity, calibrate conductivity for the solution type you wish to measure (ref.

Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 27).

4. Reloading Factory Calibration (Cond or TDS)

If calibration is suspect or known to be incorrect, and no standard solution is available, the calibration value can be replaced with the original factory value for that solution. This “FAC” value is the same for all Ultrameter III s, and returns you to a known state without solution in the cell. The “FAC” internal electronics calibration (which bypasses the electrodes and cell) is not intended to replace calibration with conductivity/TDS standard solutions. If another solution type requires resetting, change solution type and repeat this procedure.

a. b.

Press or .

Press . (If in “ User ” solution mode — press cal key twice if in Conductivity, and three times if in TDS to skip over tempco and ratio adjustments.)

28 c. Press key until “ Fac ” appears and release.


d. Press to accept the factory calibration setting.

5. Alkalinity Calibration

Prepare the materials required for titration: Alkalinity Standard Solution

100PPM, Reagent: A1, cell extender, T-plunger, and 100 µL pipette with a clean tip installed.

nOte: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Alkalinity function. Between titrations, the unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43). Press alK to start the titration process over from step 1.

If you make a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forget to add sample to the cell, “ err ” will display. Start the titration over from Step 1 to obtain a reading.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2.

3.

4.

5.


Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with

Alkalinity Standard 100PPM.

Refill cell cup and cell extender with Alkalinity Standard 100PPM.




7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to flick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the side of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.


29

8.

9.

Press . “ al ” alternating with “ tds ” briefly displays along with the “ PPm ” value of the sample. “ P when the reading stabilizes.

r es cal ” will display

Press cal to accept and advance to the first titration prompt.

“ add ” alternating with “ a1 ” displays; then “ agit t1 ” alternating with “ hOld ” displays. (The number after “ t ” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “ 1 ” here indicates this is the first titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4, etc.)

10. Using the pipette, add 100 µL of Reagent: A1, close the cell extender cap securely, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted. “ P r es cal ” will display.

11. Press cal to advance to the next titration point. “ add ” alternating with “ a1 ” displays; then “ agit t2 ” alternating with

“ hOld ” displays .


13. Continue adding 100µL of Reagent A1, agitating and holding the unit as prompted, then pressing cal as prompted. An alkalinity value will display when the titration measurement is complete.

14. Press cal . The “ cal ” icon will display.

15. Adjust the displayed value to “ 100” using the UP or DOWN key.

The unit will not allow you to scroll up or down to “ 100 ” if it is beyond ±10% of the reading. Ref. Total Return to Factory

Settings “FAC SEL”, pg. 41 to reset the Alkalinity Calibration to the “FAC” setting along with all other calibrations.

16. Press cal to accept. The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref.

AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

6. Hardness Calibration

Prepare the materials required for titration: Hardness Standard Solution

200PPM, Reagent: C1, Reagent: H1, Reagent: H2, Reagent: H3, cell extender, T-plunger, 100 µL pipette with a clean tip installed, and two extra clean tips.

30 nOte: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Hardness function. Press harD to start the titration process over from step 1. Between titrations, the unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the

AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).


1.

2.

3.

4.

5.



Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with

Hardness Standard 200PPM.

Refill cell cup and cell extender with Hardness Standard 200PPM.




7.

8.

Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to flick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the side of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

Press . “ ca ” alternating with “ tds ” displays along with

“ PPm ” sample value. “ P stabilizes.

r es cal ” displays when the reading

9.

10.

11.

Press cal . “ add ” alternating with “ c1 ” will display; then “ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.

Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent C1 to the sample, close the cell extender cap securely, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted. “ OPe n caP ” alternating with “ P r es cal ” will display.

Tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Carefully open the cell extender cap so as not to spill any solution.

12. Press cal to start 120 second timer. The display will count down from “ 120 ” to “ 0 ”, allowing time for CO

2

to escape. Using your index finger, firmly tap the side of the instrument closest


31

to the conductivity cell to release any CO

2

bubbles clinging to the conductivity cell/cell cup extender wall. This effectively reduces any bicarbonate alkalinity in the sample and prepares it for titration. After 120 seconds, “ add ” alternating with “ h1

1 ” will display. (The “ 1 ” indicates the first addition of sodium hydroxide.) Then “ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.


14. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent H1 to the cell, close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.


15. Press cal . “ add ” alternating with “ h1 2 ” will display. (The

“ 2 ” indicates the second addition of sodium hydroxide.) Then

“ agit ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display.

16.

17. Using the pipette, add a second 100 µL of Reagent H1 to the cell, close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out, then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.


18. Press cal to advance to first titration prompt. “ add ” alternating with either “ edta lc ” (Reagent H2) or “ edta hc ” (Reagent

H3) will display; then “ agit t1 ” alternating with “ hOld ” will display. The number after “ t ” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “ 1 ” here indicates this is the first titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2,

3, 4, etc.

19.




21. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent H2 if “ edta lc ” is displayed, or H3 if “ edta hc ” is displayed.

22. Close the cell extender cap securely to prevent any solution from spilling out. Then agitate and hold. Repeat as prompted.


32

23. Press cal to advance to the next titration point. Continue adding

100µL of Reagent H2 or H3 using the pipette, agitating and holding the unit as prompted, then pressing cal as prompted.


A hardness value will display when the titration measurement is complete.

24. Press cal.

The “ cal ” icon will display.

25. Adjust the displayed value to “ 200 ” using UP or DOWN key. The unit will not allow you to scroll up or down to “ 200 ” if it is beyond

±10% of the reading. Ref. Total Return to Factory Settings “ Fac sel ”, pg. 41 to reset the Hardness Calibration to the “ Fac ” setting along with all other calibrations.

26. Press cal to accept.

The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity defined in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

1.

2.

7. pH Calibration imPOrtant: Always “zero” your Ultrameter III with a pH 7 buffer solution before adjusting the gain with acid or base buffers, i.e., 4 and/ or 10, etc.

a. pH Zero Calibration

Rinse sensor well and cell cup 3 times with 7 buffer solution.

Refill both sensor well and cell cup with 7 buffer solution.

3.

4.

Press to verify the pH calibration. If the display shows

7.00, skip the pH Zero Calibration and proceed to section b. pH gain Calibration.

Press to enter calibration mode. The “ cal ”, “ bUFFer ” and “ 7 ” annunciators will appear (see Figure 6). Displayed value will be the uncalibrated sensor. nOte: If a wrong buffer is added (outside of 6-8 pH), “ 7 ”and “ bUFFer ” will flash, and the Ultrameter III will not adjust. The uncalibrated pH value displayed in step 4 will assist in determining the accuracy of the pH sensor. If the pH reading is above 8 with pH 7 buffer solution, the sensor well needs additional rinsing or the pH sensor is defective and needs to be replaced.


33

5. Press or until the display reads “ 7.00

”.

nOte: Attempted calibration of >1 pH point from factory calibration will cause “ Fac ” to appear. This indicates the need for sensor replacement

(ref. Troubleshooting pg. 52) or fresh buffer solution. The “FAC” internal electronic calibration is not intended to replace calibration with pH buffers. It assumes an ideal pH sensor Each “FAC” indicates a factory setting for that calibration step (i.e., 7, acid, base).

You may press reduce your variation from factory setting by pressing

6. Press to accept the preset factory value, or you may

or .

to accept the new value. The pH Zero Calibration b. pH gain Calibration imPOrtant: Always calibrate or verify your Ultrameter III with a pH

7 buffer solution before adjusting the gain with acid or base buffers, i.e., 4 and/or 10, etc. Either acid or base solution can be used for the

2nd point “gain” calibration and then the opposite for the 3rd point. The display will verify that a buffer is in the sensor well by displaying either

“ acd ” or “ bas ”.

1. is now complete. You may continue with pH gain Calibration or exit by pressing any measurement key.

2.

The pH calibration mode is initiated by either completion of the pH Zero Calibration, or verifying 7 buffer and pressing the key twice while in pH measurement mode.

At this point the “ cal ”, “ bUFFer ” and “ acd ” or “ bas ” annunciators will be displayed (see Figures 7 and 8).

CAL

34

Figure 8

BUFFER pH nOte: If the “ acd ” and “ bas ” indicators are blinking, the unit is indicating an error and needs either an acid or base solution present in the sensor well.


3.

4.

Rinse sensor well 3 times with acid or base buffer solution.

Refill sensor well again with same buffer solution.

5. Press or until display agrees with buffer value.

6. Press to accept 2nd point of calibration. Now the display indicates the next type of buffer to be used.

Single point gain Calibration is complete. You may continue for the 3rd point of Calibration (2nd gain) or exit by pressing any measurement key.

Exiting causes the value accepted for the buffer to be used for both acid and base measurements.

To continue with 3rd point calibration, use basic buffer if acidic buffer was used in the 2nd point, or vice-versa. Again, match the display to the known buffer value as in step 2 and continue with the following steps:

7. Repeat steps 3 through 6 using opposite buffer solution.

8. Press to accept 3rd point of calibration, which completes the Calibration procedure. Fill sensor well with

Myron L Storage Solution and replace protective cap.

8. ORP Calibration

ORP electrodes rarely give false readings without problems in the reference electrode. For this reason, and because calibration solutions for ORP are highly reactive and potentially hazardous, your Ultrameter III has an electronic ORP calibration. This causes the zero point on the reference electrode to be set whenever pH 7 calibration is done.

9. Temperature Calibration

Temperature calibration is not necessary in the Ultrameter III . viii. calibratiOn intervals

There is no simple answer as to how often one should calibrate an instrument. The Ultrameter III is designed to not require frequent recalibration. The most common sources of error were eliminated in the design, and there are no mechanical adjustments. Still, to ensure specified accuracy, any instrument must be checked against chemical standards occasionally.

A. Suggested Intervals

On the average, we expect calibration need only be checked monthly for the Conductivity, RES or TDS functions. The pH function should be checked every 2 weeks to ensure accuracy. Measuring some solutions will require more frequent intervals.


35

B. Calibration Tracking Records

To minimize your calibration effort, keep records. If adjustments you are making are minimal for your application, you can check less often.

Changes in conductivity calibration should be recorded in percent.

Changes in pH calibration are best recorded in pH units.

Calibration is purposely limited in the Ultrameter III to ±10% for the conductivity cell, as any change beyond that indicates damage, not drift.

Likewise, calibration changes are limited to ± 1 pH unit, as any change beyond that indicates the end of the sensor’s lifetime and replacement is recommended.

1.

C. Conductivity, RES, TDS, Practices to Maintain Calibration

Clean oily films or organic material from the cell electrodes with foaming cleaner or mild acid. Do not scrub inside the cell.

2.

3.

4.

Calibrate with solutions close to the measurements you make.

Readings are compensated for temperature based on the type of solution. If you choose to measure tap water with a

KCl compensation, which is often done (ref. An Example of 2 different solution selections and the resulting compensation, pg. 57), and you calibrate with 442 solution because it is handy, the further away from 25°C you are, the more error you have. Your records of calibration changes will reflect temperature changes more than the instrument’s accuracy.

Rinse out the cell with pure water after taking measurements.

Allowing slow dissolving crystals to form in the cell contaminates future samples.

For maximum accuracy, keep the pH sensor cap on tight so that no fluid washes into the conductivity cell.

1.

D. pH and ORP Practices to Maintain Calibration

Keep the sensor wet with Myron L Storage Solution.

2. Rinse away caustic solutions immediately after use.

ORP calibration solutions are caustic, and ± 5% is considered very accurate. By using the pH zero setting (0 mV = 7 pH) for ORP and precision electronics for detection, the Ultrameter III delivers better accuracy without calibration than a simpler instrument could using calibration solutions.

36 iX. memOry

This feature allows up to 100 readings with their temperatures to be stored simultaneously for later recall. At the same time, the TIME and


DATE are also recorded. To download the memory to a computer, ref. bluDock™ WIRELESS DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS , pg. 47.

1.

2.

A. Memory Storage

While displaying a measurement, press displayed value.

to record the

“ memOry ” will appear and the temperature display will be momentarily replaced by a number (1-100) showing the position of the record. Figure 9 shows a reading of 1806 µS stored in memory record #4.

1.

2.

B. Memory Recall

Press any measurement key.

Press ; “ memOry ” will appear, and the display will show the last record stored.

3. Press or to scroll to the record location desired

(the temperature display alternates between temperature recorded and location number).

4.

5.

Press to display time and date stamp.

Press any measurement key to leave memory recall or allow to automatically turn off.

C. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear

After recalling a certain record location, press and HOLD to clear that memory. This space will be the place for the next memory record, unless you scroll to another empty position before ending the recall sequence. The next memory stored will go into the next highest available memory location.

Example: You have locations 1-7 filled and wish to clear the conductivity reading stored in record location # 3 and replace it with a pH reading.


37

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Press and scroll to location # 3 .

Press and HOLD to clear old record # 3 .

Fill pH/ORP sensor well with sample.

Press to measure sample and press reading in location # 3 .

to store

The next memory stored will go into location # 8 .

To clear all records: After pressing all ” will be displayed (see Figure 10).

, scroll down. “ cl r

38

7. Press . All records will be cleared.

X. time and Date

The Time and Date may easily be changed as you travel.

A. Setting TIME

Time is always displayed in 24 hour time.

Example shown in Figure 11, 16:05 equals 4:05 PM.

1. Press .

2.

3.

Press until the time is displayed (scrolling through stored readings, “ Pc OFF ”, and “ cl

“ 16:05 ”). r all ” to time, e.g.,

Press to initiate. “ cal ” will be displayed along with the time (see Figure 11).


4. Press or to change the time.

5. Press to accept the change (new time).

B. Setting DATE

Example shown in Figure 12 is in US format, i.e., mo/dy/yr.

Figure 12 nOte: The default format is US. Date format may be changed (ref.

Date Format “US and International (Int)”, pg. 40).

1. Press .

2.

3.

Press repeatedly until the date is displayed (scrolling through stored readings, “ Pc OFF ”, “ cl r

all ” and time to the date, e.g., “ 03.05 10 ” (Figure 12), March 5, 2010).

Press to initiate. “ cal ” will be displayed along with the

YEAR (see Figure 13).

CAL

Figure 13


39

4.

5.

6.

7.

Press

Press

Press

Press or to change the YEAR. to accept the change (new year). or to change the month. to accept the change (new month), (see Figure 14).

8.

9.

Press the

Press

or to change the day. to accept the change (new day) (see Figure 15).

40

3.

1.

2.

C. DATE FORMAT “US & International (Int)”

Press .

Press repeatedly until the format is displayed (scrolling through stored readings, “ Pc OFF ”, “ cl to date format ).

r

all ”, time and date

Press to change. Display will now indicate other format

3.

4. Press any measurement key or allow to automatically turn off.

Xi. temPeratUre FOrmat “centigrade & Fahrenheit”

1. Press .

2. Press

Press to display the stored memory records.

repeatedly until you pass the “ Us ” or “ format location. The display will show a “ c ” or “ F ”

(see Figures 18 and 19).

int ” date

4. Press to switch units.

5. Press to accept unit preference for all temperature readings.

nOte: Tempco will still be shown in %/°C.

Xii. tOtal retUrn to FactOry settings “Fac sel”

There may come a time when it would be desirable to quickly reset all the recorded calibration values in the instrument back to the factory settings. This might be to ensure all calibrations are set to a known value, or to give the instrument to someone else free of adjustments or recorded data for a particular application. nOte: all stored data will be lost.

1. Press .


41

2. Press to display the stored memory records.

3. Press repeatedly until you pass the “ cl

Fac sel r

all ” and the

” (see Figure 20).

2.

3.

4. Press

Conductivity.

to accept the resetting. Display will return to

Xiii. cell checK

The cell check verifies the cleanliness of the conductivity/TDS/ resistivity sensor. In normal use the cell may become dirty or coated and require cleaning. If the display is showing “ .00

” when the cell cup is dry, the sensor is probably clean. However, when testing high purity water in resistivity (“ res ”) mode improved accuracy may be desired.

No matter what a manufacturer claims, a sensor can and will become contaminated or coated and, therefore, require cleaning. A true 4-wire sensor, as in the Ultrameter III , helps to mitigate contamination, but

NO SENSOR IS 100% IMMUNE.

1. Press .

Press to display the stored memory records.

Press repeatedly until you pass the FAC SEL location.

The display will show a “ cell ch ” (see Figure 21).

42

4. Press to test. If cell is clean, “ good ” will momentarily be


displayed (see Figure 22). If cell is dirty, “ cell cln ” will be displayed (see Figure 23) (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50).

Xiv. aUtO OFF

Auto off allows the user to adjust the time the instrument is ON (up to

75 seconds) after each press of a key. Default time is 15 seconds with

60 seconds in “ cal ” (calibration) mode.

1. Press .

2. Press to display the stored memory records.

3. Press repeatedly until you pass the “ cell ch ” location.

The display will show “ auto oFF ” (see Figure 24).

4. Press sec to initiate. “ cal ” will be displayed along with “ 15

” or current Auto oFF value (see Figure 25).


43

5. Press or to change the amount of time (see

Figure 26). Maximum time is shown.

2.

3.

6. Press to accept the change (new time).

Xv. User mode calibratiOn linc™ FUnctiOn

The Linc™ function allows easy calibration when in User mode and the user does not have a user standard solution to calibrate the instrument.

This function will ensure more repeatable and accurate measurements than many other calibration methods. It is recommended that this function be used to provide the highest degree of confidence when the Ultrameter III is used in User mode. When Linc is used, the User mode is linked to another standard, i.e., if User and KCl are linked, a KCI standard solution is used to calibrate the instrument. It is that simple.

1.

A. Calibration of Ultrameter III for use in User mode

Press or key.

Calibrate the unit using a Standard Solution (ref.

CALIBRATION, pg. 26).

Place the Ultrameter III in User mode (ref. SOLUTION

SELECTION, pg. 22).

4. Verify/Set the calibration linc. (See below – Setting “User”

Mode Calibration “Linc”.)

44

B. Setting User mode Calibration “Linc”

The Linc function sets or “links” the calibration gain factor of a Standard

Solution to the User solution mode. Once set, the “ linc ” will stay intact with future calibrations unless the Linc has been canceled. For more information on canceling the User mode Calibration Linc refer to the section “Canceling User mode Calibration “ linc ””, pg. 46.


Follow the steps below to set either the KCl, NaCl or 442 calibration factor to the User solution mode.

1. ,

2.

Press measurement key desired to be “Linked”, i.e., or .

Place the Ultrameter III in User mode (ref. SOLUTION

SELECTION, pg. 22, for selecting the User mode).

3. Press

Figure 27).

arrow key until the menu “ linc ” appears (see

4. Press key. The instrument will display “ sel ” and the

“ User ” Icon (see Figure 28).

5.

Any additional display of KCl, NaCl or 442 icons indicates a “Linc” between the User solution and the other solution displayed.

Press or keys to select a Standard Solution to be linked to the User mode calibration constant (see Figure 29).

“ User ” is linked to “ Kcl ”.


45

46

6.

If none of the Solution Selection icons are displayed (i.e., KCl,

NaCl or 442), nothing has been linked to User mode.

Press key to accept the setting. Pressing any of the measurement keys will exit without changing the setting. User mode “ linc ” is now complete. The User mode will now use the calibration gain constant used for the calibration of the

Standard Solution as outlined above.

1.

C. Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc”

The Ultrameter III must be in User linked mode in order to cancel the

“ linc ” (ref. Solution Selection, pg. 22).

2.

Press “Linked” measurement key , .

Two solution icons will be shown in the left side of display —

“ User ” and another, e.g., “ Kcl ”. or

Press key until the menu “ linc ” appears (see Figure 27).

3.

4.

Press key; the instrument will display both “ sel ” and the “ User ” Icon.

Press displayed.

key until “ User ” is the only solution icon being

5.

6.

Press key.

The User mode calibration “ linc ” has now been canceled.

nOtes:

1. To maintain repeatability, use the same standard solutions for future calibrations.


2.

3.

Calibration of the Ultrameter III gain Factor for User mode is not available when the calibration linc has been established.

The other calibration functions (i.e., Temperature Compensation

%/C settings and TDS Ratio settings) are still intact. To perform a calibration of the User mode as described in User Calibration

Conductivity/TDS, pg. 28, the User mode Linc should be canceled.

See above, “Canceling User mode calibration “ linc ””.

Once a “ linc ” has been established for User mode, the “ linc ” will apply to all measurement modes using User solution selection (i.e., TDS/User, Cond/User or Res/User).

Xvi. bluDock™ wireless Data transFer instrUctiOns nOte: Bluetooth® is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIg. The bluDock Bluetooth module is a registered Bluetooth device.

Requires Myron L bluDock™ accessory package, Model # BLUDOCK.

Package includes Ultrameter III hardware modification that allows the unit to communicate wirelessly with a personal computer configured for wireless device communication. Package also includes U2CI software application that will operate on Windows XP, Vista and 7*, and Macintosh

OSX** based computer systems and Bluetooth USB adapter (dongle) for computers that do not have Bluetooth capability.

1.

A. Software Installation

Place Myron L Ultrameter III U2CI Installation CD v2.0.0 & later into your computer or download U2CI application from the

Myron L website: http://myronl.com/main/U2CI_Application_DL.htm

2.

3.

4.

Upon opening, select the folder for your operating system.

Install U2CI application. See detailed installation instructions on CD or Myron L website: http://myronl.com/main/U2CI_Application_DL.htm

Additional drivers may be required. See our website for the latest information.

B. Hardware Setup

For a computer without Bluetooth® capability:

If you don’t have the dongle that came with the BLUDOCK, one can be ordered separately from the Myron L Company. Order Model # BDDO.

Plug in your dongle and install per manufacturer’s instructions.


47

For computers with Bluetooth capability/Bluetooth dongle installed:

1.

First time use of the bluDock:

Press any parameter button to turn the Ultrameter III on.

2. Put the Ultrameter III in “ Pc On ” mode by pressing the key until “ Pc OFF ” appears (see Figure 30).

3. Then press the

Figure 31).

key. “ Pc On ” will be displayed (see nOte: “ Pc ini ” may momentarily be displayed while initializing (see

Figure 32).

48

1.

4.

5.

Add bluDock to your Bluetooth devices per your operating system procedure. the blUDOcK Device PassKey is 1234.

After pairing, note the number of the COM port assigned by the computer. In Windows XP, note the number of the outgoing

COM port assigned by the computer. nOte: The unit will automatically power down after 60 sec. If the unit powers down during pairing, repeat steps 1-3 above and continue.

C. Memory Stack Download

With the Ultrameter III in “ Pc On ” mode, open the U2CI


2. software application.

Verify that the port selected matches the COM port number noted (first time only). This is the outgoing COM port on

Windows XP.

3. In the U2CI application, click on the data download button.

A data transfer bar will appear while the data is being downloaded.

Once downloaded, the data may be manipulated, printed or stored within the Myron L U2CI application, or the data may be exported to another more powerful spreadsheet, such as Excel*.

Please Note: Although the Myron L Company has performed extensive testing, we cannot guarantee compatibility of all applications and formats.

We suggest testing your application and format for compatibility before relying on it.

Additional features such as assigning a name to the unit, setting time and date and erasing data are available. See U2CI software installation

CD or visit our website for the latest instructions: http://myronl.com/main/U2CI_Application_DL.htm

4. Upon completion, click on the “disconnect” icon.

5. Turn off Ultrameter III PC download mode by selecting any measurement function. Failure to do so will reduce battery life.

* Windows 2000, 2007, XP & Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

** Macintosh OS9.2 & OSX are registered trademarks of Apple Computer Inc.

Xvii. care and maintenance

•

•

•

Ultrameter III s should be rinsed with clean water after use.

Solvents should be avoided.

Do not drop, throw or otherwise strike the instrument. Shock damage may cause instrument failure.

A. Temperature Extremes

Solutions in excess of 71°C/160°F should not be placed in the cell cup area; this may cause damage. The pH sensor may fracture if the

Ultrameter III temperature is allowed to go below 0°C/32°F. Care should be exercised not to exceed rated operating temperature.

Leaving the Ultrameter III in a vehicle or storage shed on a hot day can easily subject the instrument to over 66°C/150°F. This will void the warranty.


49

B. Battery Replacement

Dry instrument thOrOUghly.

Remove the four (4) bottom screws.

Open instrument carefully. Carefully detach battery from circuit board.

Replace with 9 Volt alkaline battery. Replace bottom, ensuring the sealing gasket is installed in the groove of the top half of case. Re-install screws, tighten evenly and securely.

nOte: Because of nonvolatile EEPROM circuitry, all data stored in memory and all calibration settings are protected even during power loss or battery replacement. However, loss of time and date may occur if battery is removed for longer than 3 minutes (180 seconds).

C. pH/ORP Sensor Replacement

Order model RPR. When ordering, be sure to include the model and serial number of your instrument to ensure receipt of the proper type. Complete installation instructions are provided with each replacement sensor.

D. Cleaning Sensors

1. Conductivity/TDS/Resistivity

The conductivity cell cup should be kept as clean as possible. Flushing with clean water following use will prevent buildup on electrodes.

However, if very dirty samples — particularly scaling types — are allowed to dry in the cell cup, a film will form. This film reduces accuracy.

When there are visible films of oil, dirt, or scale in the cell cup or on the electrodes, use isopropyl alcohol or a foaming non-abrasive household cleaner. Rinse out the cleaner and your Ultrameter III is again ready for accurate measurements.

2. pH/ORP

The unique pH/ORP sensor in your Ultrameter III is a nonrefillable combination type that features a porous liquid junction. It should not be allowed to dry out. However, if this occurs, the sensor may sometimes be rejuvenated by first cleaning the sensor well with Isopropyl alcohol or a liquid spray cleaner such as Windex™ or Fantastic™ and rinsing well. Do not scrub or wipe the pH/ORP sensor.


T hen use one of the following methods:

1. Pour a HOT salt solution ~60°C/140°F — a potassium chloride (KCI) solution such as Myron L pH/ORP Sensor

Storage Solution is preferable, but HOT tap water with table salt (NaCl) will work fine — in the sensor well and allow to cool. Retest.

or

2. Pour DI water in the sensor well and allow to stand for no more than 4 hours (longer can deplete the reference solution and damage the glass bulb). Retest.

If neither method is successful, the sensor must be replaced.

“Drifting” can be caused by a film on the pH sensor bulb and/or reference.

Use isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or spray a liquid cleaner such as Windex™ or Fantastic™ into the sensor well to clean it. The sensor bulb is very thin and delicate. Do not scrub or wipe the pH/ORP sensor.

Leaving high pH (alkaline) solutions in contact with the pH sensor for long periods of time is harmful and will cause damage. Rinse such liquids from the pH/ORP sensor well and refill it with Myron L Storage

Solution to extend the useful life of the sensor. If unavailable, you can use a saturated KCl solution, pH 4 buffer, or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water.

Samples containing chlorine, sulfur, or ammonia can “poison” any pH electrode. If it is necessary to measure the pH of any such sample, thoroughly rinse the sensor well with clean water immediately after taking the measurement. Any sample element that reduces (adds an electron to) silver, such as cyanide, will attack the reference electrode.

Replacement sensors are available only from the Myron L Company or its authorized distributors (ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg.

56).

it is possible to desensitize the OrP sensor when measuring high OrP solutions. to check the OrP sensor functioning, take an OrP reading of myron l ph/OrP sensor storage solution. if the reading is outside the range of 350-400 mv, clean Only the platinum OrP electrode with myron l OrP conditioner solutionsoaked cotton swab, being careful not to touch the swab to the glass bulb of the ph sensor.


51

52

Xviii. trOUbleshOOting chart symptom

No display , even though measurement key pressed

Inaccurate ph readings

Possible cause

Battery weak or not connected.

No response to ph changes

Will not adjust down to ph 7

1. pH calibration needed. Ref. pH Cal.,

pg. 33.

2. Cross-contamination from residual pH

buffers or samples in sensor well.

3. Calibration with expired pH buffers.

Sensor bulb is cracked or an electromechanical short caused by an internal crack.

pH/ORP sensor has lost KCl.

ph readings drift or respond slowly to changes in buffers/samples or “ is displayed repeatedly

Unstable conductivity/tDs/ resistivity readings

Fac ”

Unable to calibrate conductivity/ tDs resistivity readings much lower than expected

1. Temporary condition due to memory” of

solution in pH sensor well for long periods.

2. Bulb dirty or dried out.

3. Reference junction clogged or coated.

1. Dirty electrodes.

2. Actual resistance is changing due to

atmospheric contamination.

Film or deposits on electrodes .

1. Contamination from previous sample or

from pH sensor well.

2. Carbon dioxide in test sample.

alkalinity or hardness titration with calibration solution value not as stated on bottle

Low Reading

Slow or no response to OrP changes

1. Method error.

2. Dirty Cell Cup.

3. Dirty pipette.

4. Faulty pipette.

5. Contaminated calibration solution.

ORP platinum electrode is dirty.


corrective action

Check connections or replace battery. Ref. Battery Replacement, pg. 50.

1. Recalibrate instrument.

2. Thoroughly rinse sensor well.

3. Recalibrate using fresh buffers. Ref. pH Buffer Solutions, pg. 55.

Replace pH/ORP sensor. Ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56.

Clean and rejuvenate sensor (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50) and recalibrate. If no improvement, replace pH/ORP sensor (ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56).


1. Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

2. Minimize test sample exposure to air by taking a flowing sample.

Ref. Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

1. Rinse cell cup more thoroughly before measurement. Ensure pH cap is snugly in

place.

2. See Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

1. Repeat titration.


3. Clean pipette per manufacturer’s instructions.

4. Use a new pipette.

5. Use fresh calibration solution. Be sure to use a new tip for each type of solution

measured.

Clean ORP electrode with ORP conditioner. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP

Sensor, pg. 50.

Xviii. trOUbleshOOting chart symptom

No display , even though measurement key pressed

Inaccurate ph readings

Possible cause

Battery weak or not connected.

No response to ph changes

Will not adjust down to ph 7

1. pH calibration needed. Ref. pH Cal.,

pg. 33.

2. Cross-contamination from residual pH

buffers or samples in sensor well.

3. Calibration with expired pH buffers.

Sensor bulb is cracked or an electromechanical short caused by an internal crack.

pH/ORP sensor has lost KCl.

ph readings drift or respond slowly to changes in buffers/samples or “ is displayed repeatedly

Unstable conductivity/tDs/ resistivity readings

Fac ”

Unable to calibrate conductivity/ tDs resistivity readings much lower than expected

1. Temporary condition due to memory” of

solution in pH sensor well for long periods.

2. Bulb dirty or dried out.

3. Reference junction clogged or coated.

1. Dirty electrodes.

2. Actual resistance is changing due to

atmospheric contamination.

Film or deposits on electrodes .

1. Contamination from previous sample or

from pH sensor well.

2. Carbon dioxide in test sample.

alkalinity or hardness titration with calibration solution value not as stated on bottle

Low Reading

Slow or no response to OrP changes

1. Method error.

2. Dirty Cell Cup.

3. Dirty pipette.

4. Faulty pipette.

5. Contaminated calibration solution.

ORP platinum electrode is dirty.

corrective action

Check connections or replace battery. Ref. Battery Replacement, pg. 50.

1. Recalibrate instrument.

2. Thoroughly rinse sensor well.

3. Recalibrate using fresh buffers. Ref. pH Buffer Solutions, pg. 55.

Replace pH/ORP sensor. Ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56.




2. Minimize test sample exposure to air by taking a flowing sample.

Ref. Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

1. Rinse cell cup more thoroughly before measurement. Ensure pH cap is snugly in

place.

2. See Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

1. Repeat titration.


3. Clean pipette per manufacturer’s instructions.

4. Use a new pipette.

5. Use fresh calibration solution. Be sure to use a new tip for each type of solution

measured.

Clean ORP electrode with ORP conditioner. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP

Sensor, pg. 50.


53

54

XiX. accessOries nOte: MSDSs are available on the Myron L website for all solutions: http://www.myronl.com/main/material_safety_Ds_Dl.htm

A. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions

Your Ultrameter III has been factory calibrated with the appropriate

Myron L Company NIST traceable KCl, NaCl, and our own 442™ standard solutions. Most Myron L conductivity standard solution bottles show three values referenced at 25°C: Conductivity in microsiemens/micromhos, the ppm/TDS equivalents (based on our 442 Natural Water™) and

NaCl standards. All standards are within ± 1.0% of reference solutions.

Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles.

1. Potassium Chloride (KCl)

The concentrations of these reference solutions are calculated from data in the International Critical Tables, Vol. 6. The 7000 µS is the recommended standard. Order KCL-7000.

2. 442 Natural Water™

442 Natural Water Standard Solutions are based on the following salt proportions: 40% sodium sulfate, 40% sodium bicarbonate, and 20% sodium chloride, which represent the three predominant components

(anions) in freshwater. This salt ratio has conductivity characteristics approximating fresh natural waters and was developed by the Myron L

Company over four decades ago. It is used around the world for measuring both conductivity and TDS in drinking water, ground water, lakes, streams, etc. 3000 ppm is the recommended standard. Order

442-3000.

3. Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

This is especially useful in seawater mix applications, as sodium chloride is the major salt component. Most Myron L standard solution labels show the ppm NaCl equivalent to the conductivity and to ppm 442 values. The

14.0 mS is the recommended standard. Order NACL-14.0.

B. Titration Standard Solutions

Myron L titration standard solution bottles show both the actual chemical in solution and the ppm calcium carbonate (CaCO and quart/liter bottles.

3

) equivalent. All standards are within ± 1.0% of reference solutions. Available in 2 oz.,

ALK(NaHCO

3

1. Alkalinity Standard Solution

)-100 is a solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO

3

) equivalent to 100 ppm calcium carbonate that is used for the alkalinity calibration: Order ALK-100.


HARD(CaCl

2

2. Hardness Standard Solution

)-200 solution is a solution of calcium chloride (CaCl

2

) equivalent to 200 ppm calcium carbonate that is used for the hardness calibration: Order HARD-200.

C. Titration Reagent Solutions

Titration reagents are required for all conductometric titrations — alkalinity, hardness and LSI. LSI titrations require both alkalinity and hardness reagents. Reagents are available in 2 oz. and quarts/liters.

1. Reagent: A1

Reagent: A1 is a ≤1%WV solution of sulfuric acid (H alkalinity titration: Order H2SO4-1.

2

SO

4

-1) required for

2. Reagent: C1

Reagent: C1 is a ≤3%WV solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl-3) required for hardness titration: Order HCL-3.

3. Reagent: H1

Reagent: H1 is a ≤4%WV solution of pH buffer sodium hydroxide (NaOH) required for hardness titration: Order NAOH.

4. Reagent: H2

Reagent: H2 is a low concentration ≤5%WV solution of

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) required for hardness titration:

Order EDTA-LC.

5. Reagent: H3

Reagent: H3 is a high concentration ≤10%WV solution of

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) required for hardness titration:

Order EDTA-HC.

D. pH Buffer Solutions pH buffers are available in pH values of 4, 7 and 10. Myron L Company buffer solutions are traceable to NIST certified pH references and are color-coded for instant identification. They are also mold inhibited and accurate to within ± 0.01 pH units @ 25°C. Order 4, 7 or 10 Buffer.

Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles.

E. pH Sensor Storage Solution

Myron L pH Sensor Storage Solution prolongs the life of the pH sensor.

Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles. Order SS.

F. ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution

Myron L ORP Conditioner Solution removes contaminants and conditions the ORP electrode. Available in 2 oz. and quarts/liters. Order

ORPCOND.


55

g. Soft Protective Carry Cases

Padded Nylon carrying case features a belt clip for hands-free mobility.

Two colors to choose from;

Blue - Model #: UCC

Desert Tan - Model #: UCCDT

H. Hard Protective Carry Cases

Large, foam-lined case without UM III 9P includes the 100 µL pipette,

12 disposable pipette tips, 3 buffers (pH 4, 7, and 10), pH/ORP sensor storage solution, ORP Conditioner solution, reagents A1, C1, H1, H2,

H3, and standard solutions, KCI-7000, 442-3000, ALK-100 and HARD-

200. All bottles are 2 oz/59 ml. Model: TK9

Small case (no calibration standard solutions) - Model #: UPP

I. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor pH/ORP sensor is gel filled and features a unique porous liquid junction.

It is user-replaceable and comes with easy to follow instructions.

Model #: RPR

J. Pipette Kit with Replacement Tips

4 color coded M’Pet micropipettes with 48 replacement tips. This allows you to have a dedicated pipette for each titration reagent. Colored dots on each pipette match the colored dots on reagent solution bottles to help you avoid confusion and contamination. Model #: PROKIT

K. Replacement M’Pet Micropipette

1 replacement 100µL fixed volume micropipette. Model #: FVMP-100

L. M’Pet Micropipette Replacement Tips

Bag of 48 micropipette tips. Model #: PTIP100-48

M. bluDock™ Wireless Data Transfer Accessory Package

This accessory allows the operator to download the Ultrameter III memory stack to a spreadsheet on a computer. The package includes bluDock modified circuit board in the unit, software CD, installation and operating instructions, and dongle. Model #: BLUDOCK

XX. temPeratUre cOmPensatiOn (tempco) of aqueous solutions

Electrical conductivity indicates solution concentration and ionization of the dissolved material. Since temperature greatly affects ionization, conductivity measurements are temperature dependent and are normally corrected to read what they would be at 25°C .

56

A. Standardized to 25°C

Conductivity is measured with great accuracy in the Ultrameter III using


a method that ignores fill level, electrolysis, electrode characteristics, etc., and features a microprocessor to perform temperature compensation. In simpler instruments, conductivity values are usually assigned an average correction similar to that of KCl solutions for correction to 25°C. The correction to an equivalent KCl solution is a standard set by chemists that standardizes the measurements and allows calibration with precise

KCl solutions. In the Ultrameter III , this correction can be set to other solutions or tailored for special measurements or applications.

B. Tempco Variation

Most conductivity instruments use an approximation of the temperature characteristics of solutions, perhaps even assuming a constant value.

The value for KCl is often quoted simply as 2%/°C. In fact, KCl tempco varies with concentration and temperature in a non-linear fashion. Other solutions have more variation still. The Ultrameter III uses corrections that change with concentration and temperature instead of single average values. See Chart 1.

C. An Example of 2 different solution selections and the resulting compensation

How much error results from treating natural water as if it were KCl at

15°C?

A tap water solution should be compensated as 442 with a tempco of

1.68 %/°C, where the KCl value used would be 1.90 %/°C.


57

Suppose a measurement at 15°C/59°F is 900 microsiemens of true uncompensated conductivity.

Using a 442 correction of 10 (degrees below 25) x 1.68% indicates the solution is reading 16.8% low. For correction, dividing by (.832) yields

1082 microsiemens as a compensated reading.

A KCl correction of 10 (degrees below 25) x 1.9% indicates the solution is reading 19% low. Dividing by (.81) yields 1111 microsiemens for a compensated reading. The difference is 29 out of 1082 = 2.7%.

D. A Chart of Comparative Error

In the range of 1000 µS, the error using KCl on a solution that should be compensated as NaCl or as 442, is illustrated in the graph below.

58

Users wanting to measure natural water based solutions to 1% would have to alter the internal compensation to the more suitable preloaded

“442” values or stay close to 25°C. Users who have standardized to KCl- based compensation may want to stick with it, regardless of increasing error as you get further from 25°C. The Ultrameter III will provide the repeatability and convertibility of data necessary for relative values for process control.


E. Other Solutions

A salt solution like seawater or liquid fertilizer acts like NaCl. An internal correction for NaCl can be selected for greatest accuracy with such solutions. Many solutions are not at all similar to KCl, NaCl or 442. A sugar solution, or a silicate, or a calcium salt at a high or low temperature may require a “User” value peculiar to the application to provide readings close to the true compensated conductivity.

Clearly, the solution characteristics should be chosen to truly represent the actual water under test for rated accuracy of ± 1%. Many industrial applications have historically used relative measurements seeking a number to indicate a certain setpoint or minimum concentration or trend.

The Ultrameter III gives the user the capability to collect data in “KCl conductivity units” to compare to older published data, in terms of NaCl or 442, or as appropriate. The Ultrameter III can be used to reconcile data taken with other compensation assumptions, especially with its ability to allow custom characteristics through the User mode.

XXi. cOnDUctivity cOnversiOn to tOtal DissOlveD sOliDs (tDs)

Electrical conductivity indicates solution concentration and ionization of the dissolved material. Since temperature greatly affects ionization, conductivity measurements are temperature dependent and are normally corrected to read what they would be at 25°C (ref. Temperature

Compensation, pg. 56).

A. How it’s Done

Once the effect of temperature is removed, the compensated conductivity is a function of the concentration (TDS). Temperature compensation of the conductivity of a solution is performed automatically by the internal processor with data derived from chemical tables. Any dissolved salt at a known temperature has a known ratio of conductivity to concentration.

Tables of conversion ratios referenced to 25°C have been published by chemists for decades.

B. Solution Characteristics

Real world applications have to measure a wide range of materials and mixtures of electrolyte solutions. To address this problem, industrial users commonly use the characteristics of a standard material as a model for their solution, such as KCl, which is favored by chemists for its stability.

Users dealing with seawater, etc., use NaCl as the model for their concentration calculations. Users dealing with freshwater work with mixtures including sulfates, carbonates and chlorides, the three predominant components (anions) in freshwater that the Myron L


59

Company calls “natural water”. These are modeled in a mixture called

“442™” which the Myron L Company markets for use as a calibration standard, as it does standard KCl and NaCl solutions.

The Ultrameter III contains algorithms for these 3 most commonly referenced compounds. The solution type in use is displayed on the left. Besides KCl, NaCl, and 442, there is the “User” choice. The benefit of “User” is that one may enter the temperature compensation and TDS ratio by hand, greatly increasing accuracy of readings for a specific solution. That value remains a constant for all measurements and should be reset for different dilutions or temperatures.

C. When does it make a lot of difference?

First, the accuracy of temperature compensation to 25°C determines the accuracy of any TDS conversion. Assume we have industrial process water to be pretreated by RO. Assume it is 45°C and reads 1500 µS uncompensated.

1.

2.

If NaCl compensation is used, an instrument would report 1035

µS compensated, which corresponds to 510 ppm NaCl.

If 442 compensation is used, an instrument would report 1024

µS compensated, which corresponds to 713 ppm 442.

The difference in values is 40%.

In spite of such large error, some users will continue to take data in the NaCl mode because their previous data gathering and process monitoring was done with an older NaCl referenced device.

Selecting the correct Solution Type on the Ultrameter III will allow the user to attain true TDS readings that correspond to evaporated weight.

If none of the 3 standard solutions apply, the User mode must be used.

Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and TDS Derivation below, details the User mode.

60

XXii. temPeratUre cOmPensatiOn (tempco) and tDs

DerivatiOn

The Ultrameter III contains internal algorithms for characteristics of the

3 most commonly referenced compounds. The solution type in use is displayed on the left. Besides KCl, NaCl, and 442, there is the User choice. The benefit of User mode is that one may enter the tempco and

TDS conversion values of a unique solution via the keypad.


A. Conductivity Characteristics

When taking conductivity measurements, the Solution Selection determines the characteristic assumed as the instrument reports what a measured conductivity would be if it were at 25°C. The characteristic is represented by the tempco, expressed in %/°C. If a solution of 100

µS at 25°C increases to 122 µS at 35°C, then a 22% increase has occurred over this change of 10°C. The solution is then said to have a tempco of 2.2 %/°C.

Tempco always varies among solutions because it is dependent on their individual ionization activity, temperature and concentration. This is why the Ultrameter III features mathematically generated models for known salt characteristics that also vary with concentration and temperature.

B. Finding the Tempco of an Unknown Solution

One may need to measure compensated conductivity of some solution unlike any of the 3 standard salts. In order to enter a custom fixed tempco for a limited measurement range, enter a specific value through the User function. The tempco can be determined by 2 different methods:

1.

2.

Heat or cool a sample of the solution to 25°C, and measure its conductivity. Heat or cool the solution to a typical temperature where it is normally measured. After selecting User function, set the tempco to 0 %/°C as in Disabling Temperature

Compensation, pg. 24 (No compensation). Measure the new conductivity and the new temperature. Divide the % decrease or increase by the 25°C value. Divide that difference by the temperature difference.

Heat or cool a sample of the solution to 25°C, and measure its conductivity. Change the temperature to a typical measuring temperature. Set the tempco to an expected value as in User

Programmable Temperature Compensation, pg. 24. See if the compensated value is the same as the 25°C value. If not, raise or lower the tempco and measure again until the 25°C value is read.

C. Finding the TDS Ratio of an Unknown Solution

Once the effect of temperature is removed, the compensated conductivity is a function of the concentration (TDS). There is a ratio of TDS to compensated conductivity for any solution, which varies with concentration. The ratio is set during calibration in User mode as in User Programmable Conductivity to TDS Ratio, pg. 25. A truly unknown solution has to have its TDS determined by evaporation and weighing. Then the solution whose TDS is now known can be measured for conductivity and the ratio calculated. Next time the same solution is to be measured, the ratio is known.


61

XXiii. ph and OrP/Free chlOrine

A. pH

1. pH as an Indicator pH is the measurement of Acidity or Alkalinity of an aqueous solution. It is also stated as the Hydrogen Ion activity of a solution. pH measures the effective, not the total, acidity of a solution.

A 4% solution of acetic acid (pH 4, vinegar) can be quite palatable, but a 4% solution of sulfuric acid (pH 0) is a violent poison. pH provides the needed quantitative information by expressing the degree of activity of an acid or base.

In a solution of one known component, pH will indicate concentration indirectly. However, very dilute solutions may be very slow reading, just because the very few ions take time to accumulate.

2. pH Units

The acidity or alkalinity of a solution is a measurement of the relative availabilities of hydrogen (H

(H +

+ ) and hydroxide (OH alkalinity. The total concentration of ions is fixed as a characteristic of water, and balance would be 10 7 mol/liter (H

) ions. An increase in

) ions increases acidity, while an increase in (OH ) ions increases

+ ) and (OH neutral solution (where pH sensors give 0 voltage).

) ions in a pH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.

Where (H + ) concentration falls below 10 -7 , solutions are less acidic than neutral, and therefore are alkaline. A concentration of 10 liter of (H + ) would have 100 times less (H called an alkaline solution of pH 9.

+ ) ions than (OH -

-9 mol/

) ions and be

3. The pH Sensor

The active part of the pH sensor is a thin glass surface that is selectively receptive to hydrogen ions. Available hydrogen ions in a solution will accumulate on this surface and a charge will build up across the glass interface. The voltage can be measured with a very high impedance voltmeter circuit; the dilemma is to connect the voltmeter to solution on each side.

The glass surface encloses a captured solution of potassium chloride holding an electrode of silver wire coated with silver chloride. This is the most inert connection possible from a metal to an electrolyte. It can still produce an offset voltage, but using the same materials to connect to the solution on the other side of the membrane causes the 2 equal offsets to cancel.

62

The problem is, on the other side of the membrane is an unknown test solution, not potassium chloride. The outside electrode, also called the


Reference Junction, is of the same construction with a porous plug in place of a glass barrier to allow the junction fluid to contact the test solution without significant migration of liquids through the plug material. Figure 33 shows a typical 2 component pair. Migration does occur, and this limits the lifetime of a pH junction from depletion of solution inside the reference junction or from contamination. The junction may be damaged if dried out because insoluble crystals may form in a layer, obstructing contact with test solutions.

4. The Myron L Integral pH Sensor

The sensor in the Ultrameter III (see Figure 34) is a single construction in an easily replaceable package. The sensor body holds an oversize solution supply for long life. The reference junction “wick” is porous to provide a very stable, low permeable interface, and is located under the glass pH sensing electrode. This construction combines all the best features of any pH sensor known.


63

5. Sources of Error

The basics are presented in pH and ORP/FREE CHLORINE, pg. 62. a. Reference Junction

The most common sensor problem will be a clogged junction because a sensor was allowed to dry out. The symptom is a drift in the “zero” setting at 7 pH. This is why the Ultrameter III 9P does not allow more than 1 pH unit of offset during calibration. At that point the junction is unreliable.

b. Sensitivity Problems

Sensitivity is the receptiveness of the glass surface. A film on the surface can diminish sensitivity and cause a long response time.

c. Temperature Compensation pH sensor glass changes its sensitivity slightly with temperature, so the further from pH 7 one is, the more effect will be seen. A pH of 11 at 40°C would be off by 0.2 units. The Ultrameter III 9P senses the sensor well temperature and compensates the reading.

B. ORP/Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX

1. ORP as an Indicator

ORP is the measurement of the ratio of oxidizing activity to reducing activity in a solution. It is the potential of a solution to give up electrons

(oxidize other things) or gain electrons (reduce).

Like acidity and alkalinity, the increase of one is at the expense of the other, so a single voltage is called the Oxidation-Reduction Potential, with a positive voltage showing, a solution wants to steal electrons

(oxidizing agent). For instance, chlorinated water will show a positive

ORP value.

2. ORP Units

ORP is measured in millivolts, with no correction for solution temperature.

Like pH, it is not a measurement of concentration directly, but of activity level. In a solution of only one active component, ORP indicates concentration. Also, as with pH, a very dilute solution will take time to accumulate a readable charge.

3. ORP Sensors

An ORP sensor uses a small platinum surface to accumulate charge without reacting chemically. That charge is measured relative to the solution, so the solution “ground” voltage comes from a reference junction - same as the pH sensor uses.

64

4. The Myron L ORP Sensor

Figure 34, pg. 63, shows the platinum button in a glass sleeve. The


same reference is used for both the pH and the ORP sensors. Both pH and ORP will indicate 0 for a neutral solution. Calibration at zero compensates for error in the reference junction.

A zero calibration solution for ORP is not practical, so the Ultrameter III uses the offset value determined during calibration to 7 in pH calibration

(pH 7 = 0 mV). Sensitivity of the ORP surface is fixed, so there is no gain adjustment either.

5. Sources of Error

The basics are presented in pH and ORP/Free Chlorine, pg. 62, because sources of error are much the same as for pH. The junction side is the same, and though the platinum surface will not break like the glass pH surface, its protective glass sleeve can be broken. A surface film will slow the response time and diminish sensitivity. It can be cleaned off with detergent or acid, as with the pH glass.

C. Free Chlorine

1. Free Chlorine as an Indicator

Chlorine is a germicide used in the disinfection of drinking water, wastewater, and recreational waters. It is dissolved in water and reacts with water to form the hypochlorite ion and hypochlorous acid, the concentrations of which are directly dependent on pH.

Some chlorine is initially consumed by organic matter and metal ions present in solution. The amount of chlorine a particular solution consumes is called chlorine demand. The amount of chlorine that remains beyond this initial consumption is called free chlorine. Enough chlorine must be added to solution so that residual levels of free chlorine have ongoing germicidal properties. The 9P is designed to measure these residuals.

The 9P does NOT measure combined chlorine (compounds of chlorine and nitrates that have no germicidal benefits), total chlorine (the sum of free and combined chlorine), and chloramines (compounds of chlorine and ammonia).

2. Free Chlorine Units

The 9P converts Oxidation Reduction Potential measured in mV to ppm free chlorine using a proprietary algorithm developed by the Myron L

Company. This algorithm is based on a conversion curve that assumes a pH of 5-9 in water sanitized by chlorine only.

The Myron L Company has been able to increase the accuracy of lowrange ppm free chlorine readings through extensive bench testing.

This feature allows the 9P to measure a dynamic range of sanitizer concentrations that is wider than the range of a colorimetric test kit.


65

66

XXiv. alKalinity, harDness anD lsi FUnctiOns

A. Alkalinity and Hardness Titrations

The 9P uses a conductometric method of titration. This means that instead of measuring a color or pH change, it measures the change in conductivity when reagent is added. The way the sample solution behaves is compared to the behavior of solutions of known alkalinity or hardness under the same conditions. The equivalence point is determined from the known data curve that best matches the experimental data.

B. Langelier Saturation Index

The LSI calculator and titration functions use a calcium carbonate saturation index algorithm developed by Dr. Wilfred Langelier in 1936:

SI = PH + TF + CF + AF – 12.1

Where:

PH = pH value

TF = 0.0117 x Temperature value – 0.4116

CF = 0.4341 x ln(Hardness value) – 0.3926

AF = 0.4341 x ln(Alkalinity value) – 0.0074

The following is a general industry guideline for interpreting LSI values:

• An index between -0.5 and +0.5 indicates balanced water

• An index of more than +0.5 indicates scale-forming water

• An index below -0.5 indicates corrosive water

You can use the calculator to adjust any of the water balance parameter variables used in the calculation to analyze the effect of the change on water balance.

The LSI titration function generates an accurate saturation index value that indicates the state of the system at the time the calculation is made.

C. Hardness Units nOte: The 9P MUST be in the HARDNESS FUNCTION or the hardness screen (“ hrd” ) in LSI CALCULATOR or LSI TITRATION mode for hardness unit preference selection.

The hardness unit preference is set simultaneously for all three functions that capture a hardness value. That means when you set the preference in one function, it is set for the other two functions at the same time.


The LSI Calculator allows you to select either ppm or grains of hardness units.

The hardness unit conversion is based on the following equivalency:

17.1 ppm (mg/L) = 1 grain

XXv. sOFtware versiOn

Contact the Myron L Company to see if a software upgrade is available.

1. Press any parameter key.

2. Press in Figure 35.

key until three numbers are displayed as shown

3. Press any parameter key; instrument will time out in ~15 seconds.


67

OrP tDs tempco

User

XXvi. glOssary anions Negatively charged ions.

See Solution Characteristics, pg. 59.

algorithm A procedure for solving a mathematical problem.

See Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and

TDS Derivation, pg. 60.

logarithm An arithmetic function. See pH Units, pg. 62.

Oxidation-Reduction Potential or REDOX, See ORP/

Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX, pg. 64.

Total Dissolved Solids or the Total Conductive Ions in a solution. See Conductivity Conversion to

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pg. 59.

Temperature Compensation

See Temperature Compensation of Aqueous

Solutions, pg. 56.

A mode of operation that allows the instrument user

(operator) to set a tempco and/or a TDS factor for their specific solution type. See Temperature

Compensation of Aqueous Solutions, pg. 56 and Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and

TDS Derivation, pg. 60.

For details on specific areas of interest refer to the Table of Contents.



HigH Performance features:

• Accuracy of ±1% of

READING

±.2% at Calibration Point

• Automatic Temperature

Compensation

• Waterproof

•

Reliable Repeatable

• KCl, NaCl and 442™

• Autoranging

•

Durable, Fully

•

Powered by 1 N Type

Battery

(included)

Results

Encapsulated

Electronics



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®

Industry Leader in RO Expertise and Membrane Applications since 1983™

2 450 Business Park Dr., Vista, CA 92081  (760) 727-3711  (760) 727-4427 www.appliedmembranes.com  [email protected]

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9POm 27aP11


Applied Membranes MYRON L COMPANY Ultrameter III 9PTK Operation Manual

Ultrameter

™

Operation manual mODel 9PtK

Distributed By:

®

the 9P titratiOn Kit (with blUDOcK OPtiOn) cOmes with everything yOU see here

HigH Performance features:

myrOn l cOmPany

Distributed By:

®

made in Usa

Related manuals

Table of contents

Applied Membranes MYRON L COMPANY Ultrameter III 9PTK Operation Manual

Ultrameter

™

Operation manual mODel 9PtK

Distributed By:

®

the 9P titratiOn Kit (with blUDOcK OPtiOn) cOmes with everything yOU see here

HigH Performance features:

myrOn l cOmPany

Distributed By:

®

made in Usa

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Table of contents