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EN - User’s manual
PEL 106
Power energy logger
Thank you for purchasing a PEL106 power and energy logger.
For best results from your instrument:
read these operating instructions carefully,
comply with the precautions for use.
WARNING, risk of DANGER! The operator must refer to these instructions whenever this danger symbol appears.
WARNING! Risk of electric shock. The voltage on the parts marked with this symbol may be dangerous.
Equipment protected by double insulation.
Earth.
USB socket.
Ethernet socket (RJ45).
SD Card.
Main power supply input.
Useful information or tip to read.
SIM card.
The product has been declared recyclable after analysis of its life cycle in accordance with the ISO14040 standard.
The CE marking indicates compliance with the European Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU), Electromagnetic
Compatibility Directive (2014/30/EU), Radio Equipment Directive (2014/53/EU), and Restriction of Hazardous
Substances Directive (RoHS, 2011/65/EU and 2015/863/EU).
The UKCA marking certifies that the product is compliant with the requirements that apply in the United Kingdom, in particular as regards Low-Voltage Safety, Electromagnetic Compatibility, and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances.
The rubbish bin with lines through it indicates that, in the European Union, the product must undergo selective disposal in compliance with Directive WEEE 2012/19/EU. This equipment must not be treated as household waste.
Definitions of the measurement categories
Measurement category IV corresponds to measurements taken at the source of low-voltage installations.
Example: power feeders, meters and protection devices.
Measurement category III corresponds to measurements on building installations.
Example: distribution panel, circuit-breakers, machines or fixed industrial devices.
Measurement category II corresponds to measurements taken on circuits directly connected to low-voltage installations.
Example: power supply to domestic electrical appliances and portable tools.
2
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
This instrument complies with safety standard IEC/EN 61010-2-030 or BS EN 61010-2-030, the leads comply with IEC/EN 61010-
031 or BS EN 61010-031 for voltages of 1000 V in measurement category IV and the current sensors comply with IEC/EN 61010-
2-032 or BS EN 61010-2-032.
Failure to observe the safety instructions may result in electric shock, fire, explosion, or destruction of the instrument and of the installations.
The operator and/or the responsible authority must carefully read and clearly understand the various precautions to be taken in use. Sound knowledge and a keen awareness of electrical hazards are essential when using this instrument.
Use only the leads and accessories supplied. The use of leads (or accessories) of a lower voltage or category limits the voltage or category of the combined instrument and leads (or accessories) to that of the leads (or accessories).
Before each use, check the condition of the insulation on the leads, housing, and accessories. Any item of which the insulation is deteriorated (even partially) must be set aside for repair or scrapping.
Do not use the instrument on networks of which the voltage or category exceeds those mentioned.
Do not use the instrument if it seems to be damaged, incomplete, or poorly closed.
Use only the mains power unit supplied by the manufacturer.
Use personal protection equipment systematically.
When handling the leads, test probes, and crocodile clips, keep your fingers behind the physical guard.
If the instrument is wet, dry it before connecting it.
The instrument cannot be used to verify the absence of voltage in a network. For that, use the appropriate tool (a VAT) before doing any work on the installation.
All troubleshooting and metrological checks must be performed by competent and accredited personnel.
3
CONTENTS
4
1. FIRST USE
1.1. DELIVERY CONDITION
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
➀
➅
➁
➂
➃
➆
➄
➇
➈
190, rue Championnet
75876 PARIS Cedex 18
FRANCE
ATTESTATION DE VERIFICATION
CHECKING ATTESTATION
Numéro de l'appareil :
Equipment number
Type / Model :
Désignation de l'instrument :
Instrument designation
Vérifié par :
Tested by
Signature :
Signature
Établi en usine, ce document atteste que le produit ci-dessus a été vérifié et est conforme aux conditions d'acceptation définies dans nos procédures de fabrication et de contrôle.
Tous les moyens de mesure et d'essai utilisés pour vérifier cet appareil sont raccordés aux
étalons nationaux et internationaux soit par l'intermédiaire d'un de nos laboratoires de métrologie accrédités COFRAC soit par un autre laboratoire accrédité.
Après sa mise en service, cet instrument doit être vérifié à intervalle régulier auprès d'un service de métrologie agréé.
Pour tout renseignement veuillez contacter notre service après vente et d'étalonnage.
At the time of manufacture, this document certifies that the above product have been verified and complies with acceptance conditions defined in our manufacturing and testing procedures.
Every test or measuring equipment used to verify this instrument are related to national and international standards through one of our laboratories of metrology certified by french COFRAC equivalent to NAMAS in the UK or through another certified laboratory.
After being in use, this instrument must be recalibrated within regular intervals by an approved metrology laboratory. Please contact our after sales and calibration department:
Service après vente et d'étalonnage
After sales and calibration department
TEL: e-mail:
WEB :
+33 (2) 31 64 51 55 FAX: +33 (2) 31 64 51 72 [email protected]
www.manumesure.com
www.chauvin-arnoux.com
ATTESTATION DE CONFORMITE
COMPLIANCE ATTESTATION
Nous certifions que ce produit a été fabriqué conformément aux spécifications techniques de constuction applicables.
We certify that this product is manufactured in accordance with applicable
➉
11
Figure 1
No.
7
10
11
8
9
12
3
4
1
2
5
6
Designation
PEL106.
Black safety leads, 3m, banana-banana, straight-straight, tight and lockable.
Lockable black crocodile clips.
Tight plugs for the terminals (mounted on the instrument).
USB cord, type A-B, 1.5m.
Carrying case.
Set of inserts and rings used to identify the phases on the measurement leads and on the current sensors.
8GB SD card (in the instrument).
SD card-USB adapter.
Certificate of verification.
Multilingual safety data sheet.
Getting started guide.
Table 1
Quantity
5
9
1
1
5
1
12
1
1
13
1
1
12
5
1.2. ACCESSORIES
MiniFlex ® MA193 250 mm
MiniFlex ® MA193 350 mm
MiniFlex ® MA194 250 mm
MiniFlex ® MA194 350 mm
MiniFlex ® MA194 1000 mm
MiniFlex ® MA196 350 mm tight
AmpFlex ® A193 450 mm
AmpFlex ® A193 800 mm
AmpFlex ® A196 610 mm tight
MN93 clamp
MN93A clamp
C193 clamp
PAC93 clamp
E3N clamp
BNC adapter for E3N clamp
J93 clamp
5A adapter (three-phase)
Essailec ® 5A adapter
Mains power unit + E3N clamp
DataView software
PEL mains adapter PA30W
Data logger L452
Pole attachment kit Cord reel
REELINGBOX
Figure 3
Figure 2
1.3. SPARE PARTS
Set of 5 black safety cables, banana-banana straight-straight, 3m long, tight and lockable.
Set of 5 lockable crocodile clips.
AmpFlex ® A196A 610 mm tight
USB-A - USB-B cord
No. 23 carrying case
Set of 5 black safety cables, banana-banana straight-straight, 5 crocodile clips, and 12 phase identification inserts and rings for the voltage leads and the current sensors.
For accessories and spares, visit our web site: www.chauvin-arnoux.com
6
2. PRESENTATION OF THE INSTRUMENT
2.1. DESCRIPTION
PEL: P ower & E nergy L ogger (power and energy logger)
The PEL106 is a DC, single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase (wye and D ) power and energy logger in a rugged sealed housing.
The PEL has all power/energy recording functions needed for most of the world's 50Hz, 60Hz, 400Hz, and DC distribution networks, with many connection possibilities to suit different installations. It is designed to operate in 1,000V CAT IV environments, both indoors and out.
The PEL has a battery with which to continue to operate if there is a power outage. The battery is recharged during the measurements.
The instrument has the following functions:
Direct measurements of voltages up to 1,000V CAT IV.
Direct measurements of currents from 5mA to 10,000A depending on the current sensors.
Measurements of the neutral current on the 4 th current terminal.
Measurements of the voltage between earth and neutral on the 5 th voltage terminal.
Measurements of active power (W), reactive power (var), and apparent power (VA).
Measurements of the fundamental, unbalance, and harmonic active powers.
Measurement of current and voltage unbalances by the IEEE 1459 method.
Measurements of active energy at source and load (Wh), 4-quadrant reactive energy (varh), and apparent energy (VAh).
Power factor (PF), cos ϕ and tan Φ .
Crest factor.
Total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltages and currents.
Voltage and current harmonics up to the 50th at 50/60Hz.
Frequency measurements.
Simultaneous RMS and DC measurements on each phase.
LCD display unit with blue backlighting (simultaneous display of 4 quantities).
Storage of measured and calculated values on SD or SDHC card.
Automatic recognition of the various types of current sensor.
Configuration of the transformation ratios for the current and voltage inputs.
Management of 17 types of connection or power distribution networks.
Communication with up to four data loggers - L452 Data Loggers (optional), to record voltages, currents, and events).
32 programmable alarms on the measurements or on the analog inputs with the L452 Data Logger (optional), which communicates via Bluetooth.
USB, LAN (Ethernet), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and 3G-UMTS/GPRS communication.
PEL Transfer software for data recovery, configuration, and real-time communication with a PC.
Android application to communicate in real time and configure the PEL from a smartphone or a tablet.
IRD server to communicate using private IP addresses.
Sending of periodic reports by email.
7
2.2. FRONT PANEL
9 indicators providing status information.
QR code.
RJ45 Ethernet connector.
Connector for external power supply (optional mains power unit).
USB connector.
Slot for SD card.
SIM card slot.
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
LCD display unit.
Bag in which to stow the sealing plugs of the terminals.
On/Off key.
Selection key.
Directional keypad: four navigation keys and one validation key
( Enter key).
Figure 4
The connectors have elastomer caps that make them tight (IP67).
The mains power unit for recharging the battery is optional. It is not essential because the battery is recharged whenever the
8
2.3. TERMINAL BLOCK
IN I3 I2 I1
4 current inputs (specific 4-point connectors).
5 voltage inputs (safety connectors).
VN V3 V2
Figure 5
V1
VE/GND
The plugs keep the terminals tight (IP67) when they are not in use.
When you connect a current sensor or a voltage lead, screw it tight to keep the instrument tight. Stow the plugs in the bag attached to the cover of the instrument.
Before connecting a current sensor, refer to its operating instructions.
The small holes above the terminals are for the insertion of the coloured inserts used to identify the current or voltage inputs.
2.4. INSTALLATION OF THE COLOURED INSERTS
For polyphase measurements, start by marking the accessories and terminals with the coloured rings and inserts provided with the instrument, assigning a different colour to each terminal.
Detach the appropriate inserts and place them in the holes above the terminals (the large ones for the current terminals, the small ones for the voltage terminals).
Clip a ring of the same colour to each end of the cord that will be connected to the terminal.
IN I3 I2 I1
VN V3 V2 V1
VE/GND
Figure 6
9
2.5. FUNCTIONS OF THE KEYS
Key
Description
On/Off Key:
Switches the instrument on or off.
Remark: The instrument cannot be switched off when it is connected to mains (whether by the measurement inputs or by the mains power unit) or when recording is in progress or pending.
Selection key:
A long press activates or deactivates the Bluetooth link, the Wi-Fi link or the 3G-UMTS/GPRS link and starts or stops recording.
Enter key:
In the Configuration mode, this is used to select a parameter to be changed.
In the measurement and power display modes, it is used to display the phase angles and the partial energies.
Navigation keys:
These are used to browse the data displayed on the LCD screen.
Table 2
2.6. LCD DISPLAY UNIT
Percentage of range.
Phases.
Status icons.
Units.
Mode icons.
Figure 7
When there is no user activity for 3 minutes, the backlighting is switched off. To switch it back on, press one of the navigation keys
( ).
10
The bottom and top strips provide the following indications:
Icon Description
Indicator of a reversal of phase order or a missing phase (displayed for three-phase distribution networks, and only in measurement mode; see the explanation below)
Data available for recording.
Indication of the power quadrant.
Measurement mode (instantaneous values). See § 4.4.1.
Power and energy mode. See § 4.4.2.
Configuration mode. See § 3.5.
Table 3
Phase order
The phase order icon is displayed only when the measurement mode is selected.
The phase order is determined every second. If it is not correct, the symbol is displayed.
The phase order for the voltage inputs is displayed only when the voltages are displayed.
The phase order for the current inputs is displayed only when the currents are displayed.
The phase order for the voltage and current inputs is displayed only when the powers are displayed.
The source and load must be parameterized using PEL Transfer to define the direction of the energy (imported or exported).
2.7. INDICATORS
Indicators
OL
Colour and function
Green indicator: Mains
Indicator lit: the instrument is connected to mains via the external power supply (optional mains power unit).
Indicator off: the instrument is powered by the battery.
Orang/red indicator: Battery
Indicator off: battery fully charged.
Orange indicator lit: battery charging.
Indicator orange and blinking: battery is recovering from a full discharge.
Indicator red and blinking: battery low (and no mains power).
Red indicator: Phase order
Indicator off: phase rotation order correct.
Indicator blinking: phase rotation order incorrect, i.e., one of the following cases:
the phase difference between the phase currents is 30° greater than normal (120° in three-phase and 180° in two-phase).
the phase difference between the phase voltages is 10° greater than normal.
the phase difference between the currents and voltages of each phase is greater than 60° with respect to 0° (on a load) or 180° (on a source).
Red indicator: Overshoot of the measurement range
Indicator off: no overshoot on the inputs.
Indicator blinking: overshoot on at least one input, a lead is missing or connected to the wrong terminal.
11
Indicators
REC
Colour and function
Green/red indicator: SD card
Green indicator lit: the SD card is recognized and not locked.
Red indicator lit: SD card missing or locked or not recognized.
Red indicator blinking: SD card being initialized.
Indicator blinking alternately red and green: SD card full.
Indicator light green and blinking: the SD card will be full before the end of the recording session in progress .
Green indicator: 3G-UMTS/GPRS
LED off: 3G-UMTS/GPRS link off (disabled)
LED on: 3G-UMTS/GPRS link enabled but not transmitting
LED blinking: 3G-UMTS/GPRS link enabled and transmitting
Green indicator: Wi-Fi
Indicator off: the Wi-Fi is not activated
Indicator lit: the Wi-Fi is activated but not transmitting.
Indicator blinking: transmission by Wi-Fi in progress.
Blue indicator: Bluetooth
Indicator off: Bluetooth link deactivated.
Indicator lit: Bluetooth link activated, but no transmission.
Indicator blinking: Bluetooth link activated and transmitting.
Green and yellow LEDs: Ethernet
Green LED off: the Ethernet link is not activated.
Green LED blinking: the Ethernet link is activated.
Yellow LED off: the stack has not been initialized.
Yellow LED blinking: the stack has been initialized correctly.
Yellow LED blinking rapidly: acquisition of the new IP address.
Yellow LED blinks twice and stops: the IP address assigned for the DHCP server is not valid.
Yellow LED lit: the Ethernet link is transmitting.
Red indicator: Recording
Indicator off: no recording.
Indicator blinking: recording session programmed.
Indicator lit: recording in record mode.
Green/orange indicator: On/Off
Indicator lit green: the instrument is supplied by the voltage inputs.
Indicator orange and blinking: the instrument is powered by the battery.
Supply by the voltage inputs is deac-
tivated (See § 3.1.3) or the supply voltage is too low.
Table 4
2.8. MEMORY CARD
The PEL accepts SD, SDHC and SDXC cards, FAT32 formatted, up to a capacity of 32 GB.
The PEL is delivered with a formatted SD card. If you want to install a new SD card:
Open the elastomer cap marked .
Press on the SD card in the instrument, then withdraw it.
Attention : do not withdraw the SD card if recording is in progress.
Check that the new SD card is not locked.
Insert the new card and push it home.
Put the elastomer cap back on to keep the instrument tight.
12
3. CONFIGURATION
The PEL must be configured before any recording. The various steps in this configuration are:
Set up the USB link, the Bluetooth link, the Ethernet link, the Wi-Fi link or the 3G-UMTS/GPRS link.
Choose the connection according to the type of distribution network.
Connect the current sensors.
Define the nominal primary current and if necessary the nominal primary current of the neutral.
Define the nominal primary and secondary voltages if necessary.
Choose the aggregation period.
modifications, the PEL cannot be configured while recording or if a recording session has been programmed.
3.1. SWITCHING THE INSTRUMENT ON AND OFF
3.1.1. SWITCHING ON
Connect the PEL to an electrical network (at least 100 V ac or 140 V dc ) and it is switched on automatically (if supply via the
voltage inputs has not been deactivated; see § 3.1.3). Otherwise, press the
On/Off green indicator below the On/Off key lights.
key for more than 2 seconds . The
The battery automatically starts charging when the PEL is connected to a power or voltage source. The battery life is approximately one hour when it is fully charged. This enables the instrument to continue to operate if there is a brief power outage.
3.1.2. SWITCHING OFF
You cannot switch the PEL off while it is connected to a power source or while recording is in progress (or pending). This is a precaution intended to forestall any involuntary stoppage of a recording session by the user.
When it is disconnected from the power source and recording is over, the PEL switches itself off automatically after 3, 10, or 15 minutes, depending on the setting chosen.
Otherwise, to switch the PEL off:
Disconnect all input terminals and the external power unit, if it is connected.
Press the On/Off key for more than 2 seconds, until all indicators light, then release it.
The PEL switches itself off and all indicators and the display unit go off.
3.1.3. DE-ACTIVATION OF SUPPLY BY THE VOLTAGE INPUTS
Supply by the voltage inputs consumes from 10 to 15W. Some voltage generators cannot withstand this load. This applies to voltage calibrators and to capacitive voltage dividers. If you want to make measurements on these devices, supply to the instrument by the voltage inputs must be deactivated.
To deactivate supply to the instrument by the voltage inputs, press the Selection for more than 2 seconds. The On/Off key blinks orange.
and On/Off keys simultaneously
13
3.2. BATTERY CHARGING
The battery is charged when the instrument is connected to a voltage source. But if supply by the voltage inputs has been deactivated (see previous section), the mains power unit must be used (optional).
110 - 250 V
50 / 60 Hz
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
Withdraw the elastomer cap that protects the power supply connector.
Connect the mains power unit to the instrument and to mains.
The instrument comes on.
The charged.
indicator lights until the battery is fully
Figure 8
3.3. CONNECTION BY USB OR BY ETHERNET LAN LINK
The USB and Ethernet links can be used to configure the instrument using PEL Transfer software, to display the measurements, and to upload records to the PC.
Withdraw the elastomer cap that protects the connector.
Connect the USB cable provided or an Ethernet cable (not provided) between the instrument and the PC.
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
Figure 9
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
Figure 10
14
Connecting the USB or Ethernet cable does not power up the instrument or charge the battery.
For the Ethernet LAN link, the PEL has an IP address.
When you configure the instrument with the PEL Transfer software, if the "Activate DHCP" (dynamic IP address) box is checked, the instrument sends a request to the network's DHCP server to obtain an IP address automatically.
The Internet protocol used is UDP or TCP. The port used by default is 3041. It can be modified in PEL Transfer so as to enable connections between the PC and several instruments behind a router.
The auto IP address mode is also available when the DHCP is selected and the DHPC server has not been detected within 60 seconds. The PEL will use 169.254.0.100 as default address. This auto IP address mode is compatible with APIPA.
A crossed cable may be necessary.
You can change the network parameters while connected via an Ethernet LAN link, but once the network parameters have been changed, you will lose connection. It is better to use a USB connection for this.
3.4. CONNECTION BY WI-FI, BLUETOOTH OR BY THE 3G-UMTS/GPRS LINK
These links can be used to configure the instrument using the PEL Transfer software, to view the measurements, and to upload the recordings to a PC, a smartphone, or a tablet.
To set up 3G-UMTS/GPRS, insert a SIM card in the instrument. Unscrew both screws from the cover and remove it. Insert the SIM card in the direction indicated. Put the cover back on and screw both screws back in.
Figure 11
It will also be necessary to enter the APN (Access Point Name) and the PIN code corresponding to the SIM card, using PEL Transfer software in Configuration/Communication/3G. The IRD server is automatically activated.
Press the Selection key and hold it down. The REC , , and indicators light in turn for 3 seconds each.
Release the Selection key while the desired function is lit.
If you release it while the REC indicator is lit, recording starts or stops.
If you release it while the indicator is lit, the Bluetooth link is activated or deactivated.
If you release it while the indicator is lit, the Wi-Fi is activated or deactivated.
If you release it while the indicator is lit, 3G-UMTS/GPRS is enabled or disabled.
15
IRD
PEL 106
POWER & ENERGY LOGGER
Figure 12
If your computer does not generate Bluetooth, use a USB-Bluetooth adapter. If you have no driver for this peripheral, Windows installs one automatically.
The pairing procedure depends on your operating system, on the Bluetooth equipment, and on the driver.
If needed, the pairing code is 0000. This code cannot be modified in PEL Transfer.
With the 3G-UMTS/GPRS link, the data transmitted by the device pass via an IRD server hosted by Chauvin Arnoux. To receive them on your PC, you must enable the IRD server in PEL Transfer.
3.5. CONFIGURING THE INSTRUMENT
It is possible to configure some main functions directly on the instrument. For a complete configuration, use the PEL Transfer
To enter the Configuration via the instrument mode, press the or key until the
The following screen is displayed:
symbol is selected.
Figure 13
If the PEL is already being configured via the PEL Transfer software, it is impossible to enter the Configuration mode in the instrument. In this case, when there is an attempt to configure it, the instrument displays LOCK.
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3.5.1. TYPE OF NETWORK
To change the network, press the Enter network from among those in the list below.
key. The name of the network blinks. Use the and keys to choose another
Designation Network
1P-2W
1P-3W
Single-phase, 2-wire
Single-phase, 3-wire
3P-3W∆2
3P-3W∆3
3P-3W∆b
Three-phase, 3-wire ∆ (2 current sensors)
Three-phase, 3-wire ∆ (3 current sensors)
Three-phase, 3-wire ∆ , balanced
Three-phase, 4-wire, wye 3P-4WY
3P-4WYb Three-phase, 4-wire, wye, balanced (voltage measurement, fixed)
3P-4WY2 Three-phase, 4-wire, wye 2½
3P-4W∆ Three-phase, 4-wire ∆
3P-3WY2 Three-phase, 3-wire, wye (2 current sensors)
3P-3WY3 Three-phase, 3-wire, wye (3 current sensors)
3P-3WO2 Three-phase, 3-wire open ∆ (2 current sensors)
3P-3WO3 Three-phase, 3-wire open ∆ (3 current sensors)
3P-4WO Three-phase, 4-wire, open ∆ dC-2W DC 2-wire dC-3W dC-4W
DC 3-wire
DC 4-wire
Table 5
Validate your choice by pressing the Enter key.
3.5.2. CURRENT SENSORS
Connect the current sensors to the instrument.
The current sensors are automatically detected by the instrument. It looks at the I1 terminal. If there is nothing, it looks at the I2 terminal, or the I3 terminal. If the network chosen has a current sensor on the N terminal, it also looks at the IN terminal.
Once the sensors have been recognized, the instrument displays their ratio.
The current sensors must all be the same, except for the neutral current sensor, which may be different. Otherwise, only the type of sensor connected to I1 will be used on the instrument.
17
3.5.3. NOMINAL PRIMARY VOLTAGE
Press the key to go to the next screen.
To change the nominal primary voltage, press the Enter
50 and 650,000 V. Then validate by pressing the Enter
Figure 14
key. Use the , , and keys to choose the voltage, between
key.
3.5.4. NOMINAL SECONDARY VOLTAGE
Press the key to go to the next screen.
To change the nominal secondary voltage, press the Enter
50 and 1,000 V. Then validate by pressing the Enter key.
key. Use the , , and keys to choose the voltage, between
3.5.5. NOMINAL PRIMARY CURRENT
Press the key to go to the next screen.
Figure 15
18
Depending on the type of current sensor, MiniFlex ® /AmpFlex ® , MN clamp, or adapter unit, enter the nominal primary current. To do this, press the Enter key. Use the , , and keys to choose the current.
AmpFlex ® A196A or A193 and MiniFlex ® MA193, MA194 or MA196: 100, 400, 2,000 or 10,000A (depending on the sensor)
PAC93 clamp and C193 clamp: automatic at 1,000A
MN93A clamp, 5A range, 5A Adapter: 5 to 25,000A
MN93A clamp, 100A range: automatic at 100A
MN93 clamp: automatic at 200A
E3N clamp: 10 or 100A
J93 clamp: automatic at 3,500 A
Validate the value by pressing the Enter key.
3.5.6. NOMINAL PRIMARY CURRENT OF THE NEUTRAL
Press the key to go to the next screen.
If you connect a current sensor to the current terminal of the neutral, enter its nominal primary current too in the same way as before.
3.5.7. AGGREGATION PERIOD
Press the key to go to the next screen.
To change the aggregation period, press the Enter
15, 20, 30, or 60 minutes).
Validate by pressing the Enter key.
Figure 16
key, then use the and keys to choose the value (1 to 6, 10, 12,
19
3.6. INFORMATION
To enter the Information mode, press the or key until the
Use the and keys to scroll the information of the instrument:
symbol is selected.
Type of network
Nominal primary voltage
Nominal secondary voltage
Nominal primary current
20
Nominal primary current of the neutral (if a sensor is connected to the
I
N
terminal)
Aggregation period
Date and time
IP address (scrolling)
21
Wi-Fi address (scrolling)
3G address (scrolling)
Software version
1 st number = software version of the DSP
2 nd number = software version of the microprocessor
Scrolling serial number (also on the QR code label glued to the inside of the cover of the PEL)
After 3 minutes with no action on the Enter or Navigation key, the display returns to the measurement screen .
22
4. USE
When the instrument has been configured, you can use it.
4.1. DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS AND CONNECTIONS OF THE PEL
Start by connecting the current sensors and the voltage measurement leads to your installation according to the type of distribution
network. The PEL must be configured (see § 3.5) for the distribution network selected.
Source Load
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
However, when a recording session has ended and been uploaded to a PC, it is possible to change the direction of the current (I1,
I2, or I3) using the PEL Transfer software. This makes it possible to correct the power calculations.
The crocodile clips can be screwed onto the voltage leads, keeping the assembly tight.
For measurements with a neutral, the current can be measured by a sensor or, if there is no sensor, calculated.
4.1.1. SINGLE-PHASE, 2-WIRE: 1P-2W
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth (optional on this type of network).
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the common conductor (optional on this type of network).
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
N
VN V3 V2
Figure 17
V1
VE/GND
23
4.1.2. SPLIT-PHASE, 3-WIRE (SPLIT-PHASE FROM A CENTRE-TAP TRANSFORMER): 1P-3W
L2
N
L1
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth (optional on this type of network).
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral (optional on this type of network).
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
IN I3 I2
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
VN V3 V2
Figure 18
V1
I1
VE/GND
L1
N
L2
4.1.3. THREE-PHASE 3-WIRE SUPPLY NETWORKS
4.1.3.1. Three-phase, 3-wire, ∆ (with 2 current sensors): 3P-3W ∆ 2
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L3
L2 L1
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
VN V3 V2
Figure 19
V1
VE/GND
4.1.3.2. Three-phase, 3-wire, ∆ (with 3 current sensors): 3P-3W ∆ 3
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L3
L2 L1
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
VN V3 V2
Figure 20
V1
VE/GND
24
4.1.3.3. Three-phase, 3-wire open ∆ (with 2 current sensors): 3P-3W02
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L3
L2 L1
IN I3 I2 I1
VN V3 V2
Figure 21
V1
VE/GND
4.1.3.4. Three-phase, 3-wire open ∆ (with 3 current sensors): 3P-3W03
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L3
L2 L1
IN
VN
I3 I2
V3 V2
Figure 22
V1
I1
VE/GND
L1
L2
L3
4.1.3.5. Three-phase, 3-wire, wye (with 2 current sensors): 3P-3WY2
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L2 N
L3
L1
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
L1
L2
L3
VN V3 V2
Figure 23
V1
VE/GND
25
4.1.3.6. Three-phase, 3-wire, wye (with 3 current sensors): 3P-3WY
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
Figure 24
L2
L3
N
L1
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
VN V3 V2 V1
VE/GND
4.1.3.7. Three-phase, 3-wire ∆ balanced (with 1 current sensor): 3P-3W03
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L3
L2 L1
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
VN V3 V2
Figure 25
V1
VE/GND
4.1.4. THREE-PHASE 4-WIRE WYE SUPPLY NETWORKS
4.1.4.1. Three-phase, 4-wire, wye (with 4 current sensors): 3P-4WY
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L2
VN
L3
N
L1
IN I3 I2
V3 V2
Figure 26
V1
26
I1
VE/GND
L1
L2
L3
N
4.1.4.2. Three-phase, 4-wire, wye, balanced (with 2 current sensors): 3P-4WYB
L3
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
L2 N
L1
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
N
VN V3 V2
Figure 27
V1
VE/GND
4.1.4.3. Three-phase, 4-wire, wye 2½-elements (with 4 current sensors): 3P-4WY2
L3
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
L2 N
L1
IN
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
VN V3
I3 I2
V2
Figure 28
V1
I1
VE/GND
L1
L2
L3
N
27
4.1.5. THREE-PHASE, 4-WIRE ∆
Three-phase 4-wire ∆ (High Leg) configuration. No voltage transformer is connected: the installation measured is assumed to be a LV (low-voltage) distribution network.
4.1.5.1. Three-phase, 4-wire ∆ (with 4 current sensors) : 3P-4W ∆
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
L2
L1
N
L3
IN I3 I2 I1
L1
L2
L3
N
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
VN V3 V2
Figure 29
V1
VE/GND
4.1.5.2. Three-phase, 4-wire, open ∆ (with 4 current sensors): 3P-4WO
Connect the N terminal to the neutral.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the L1 phase.
Connect the V2 terminal to the L2 phase.
Connect the V3 terminal to the L3 phase.
Connect the IN current sensor to the neutral.
Connect the I2 current sensor to the L2 phase.
Connect the I1 current sensor to the L1 phase.
Connect the I3 current sensor to the L3 phase.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
L2
L1
N
L3
IN
VN
I3 I2
V3 V2
Figure 30
V1
I1
VE/GND
L1
L2
L3
N
28
4.1.6. DC SUPPLY NETWORKS
4.1.6.1. DC 2-wire: DC-2W
Connect the N terminal to the common conductor.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the +1 conductor.
Connect the IN current sensor to the common conductor.
Connect the current sensor I1 to the +1 conductor.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
IN I3 I2 I1
+1
VN V3 V2
Figure 31
V1
VE/GND
4.1.6.2. DC 3-wire: DC-3W
Connect the N terminal to the common conductor.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the +1 conductor.
Connect the V2 terminal to the +2 conductor.
Connect the IN current sensor to the common conductor.
Connect the current sensor I1 to the +1 conductor.
Connect the current sensor I2 to the +2 conductor.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
IN I3 I2 I1
+1
+2
VN V3 V2
Figure 32
V1
VE/GND
4.1.6.3. DC 4-wire: DC-4W
Connect the N terminal to the common conductor.
Connect the VE/GND terminal to the earth.
Connect the V1 terminal to the +1 conductor.
Connect the V2 terminal to the +2 conductor.
Connect the V3 terminal to the +3 conductor.
Connect the IN current sensor to the common conductor.
Connect the current sensor I1 to the +1 conductor.
Connect the current sensor I2 to the +2 conductor.
Connect the current sensor I3 to the +3 conductor.
Always check that the arrow of the current sensor points towards the load. This ensures that the phase angle will be correct for power measurements and other measurements that depend on the phase.
29
IN I3 I2 I1
VN V3 V2
Figure 33
V1
VE/GND
+1
+2
+3
4.2. USING EXTERNAL DATA LOGGERS
The PEL106 can connect itself with up to four L452 Data Loggers. The connection is in Bluetooth. It is configured using the PEL
Transfer software.
The L452 Data Logger can be used:
to record DC voltages up to 10V,
to count pulses,
to record DC currents from 4 to 20mA, to detect events on the On/Off inputs.
Once connected to the PEL106, they transmit their data to it. They are then displayed in the real-time data and recorded with the recordings.
For the use of the L452 Data Loggers, refer to their user manuals.
4.3. RECORDING
To start recording:
Check that there is in fact an SD card (not locked and not full) in the PEL.
Press the Selection
Release the Selection every 5 seconds.
key and hold it down. The REC , and indicators light in turn for 3 seconds each.
key while the REC indicator is lit. Recording starts and the REC indicator starts blinking twice
To stop recording, proceed in exactly the same way. The REC indicator starts blinking once every 5 seconds.
It is possible to manage recording from PEL Transfer (see § 5).
If the instrument is cut off by a power outage, the measurement campaign resumes when the instrument is switched back on.
4.4. MEASURED-VALUE DISPLAY MODES
The PEL has 4 display modes, represented by the icons at the bottom of the display unit. To change from one mode to the other, use the or key.
Icon Display mode
Instantaneous values display mode: voltage (V), current (I), active power (P), reactive power (Q), apparent power
(S), frequency (f), power factor (PF), tan Φ .
Power and energy display mode: active energy of the load (Wh), reactive energy of the load (Varh), apparent energy of the load (VAh).
Current and voltage harmonics display mode.
Maximum values display mode: maximum aggregated values of the measurements and energy of the last recording.
The displays are accessible as soon as the PEL is on, but the values are zero. As soon as there is a voltage or current on the inputs, the values are updated.
30
4.4.1. MEASUREMENT MODE
The display depends on the network configured. Press the key to go from one screen to the next.
Single-phase, 2-wire (1P-2W)
I
P
V
V
N
P
Q
S tan ϕ
P
Q
S
PF f
V
I
P ϕ (I
1
, V
1
)
31
Two-phase, 3-wire (1P-3W)
P
Q
S
PF
U
12
V
N
V
1
V
2 f
I
1
I
2
P
Q
S tan ϕ
32 ϕ (I
2
, I
1
) ϕ (V
2
, V
1
) ϕ (I
1
, V
1
) ϕ (I
2
, V
2
)
Three-phase, 3-wire, unbalanced (3P-3W D 2, 3P-3W D 3, 3P-3WO2, 3P-3WO3, 3P-3WY2, 3P-3WY3)
I
1
I
2
I
3 ϕ (I
2
, I
1
) ϕ (I
3
, I
2
) ϕ (I
1
, I
3
) ϕ (U
31
, U
23
) ϕ (U
12
, U
31
) ϕ (U
23
, U
12
)
S
PF
P
Q
U
12
U
23 f
U
31
P
Q
S tan ϕ ϕ ϕ ϕ
(I
(I
(I
1
, U
2
, U
2
, U
12
)
23
)
31
)
33
Three-phase, 3-wire ∆, balanced (3P-3W∆b)
I
1
I
2
I
3
P
Q
S
PF
U
12
U
23 f
U
31
P
Q
S tan ϕ
34 ϕ (I
1
, U
12
)
Three-phase, 4-wire, unbalanced (3P-4WY, 3P-4WY2, 3P-4W D , 3P-4WO)
I
3
I
N
I
1
I
2
V
3
V
N
V
1
V
2
U
12
U
23 f
U
31
S
PF
P
Q
*: For 3P-4W D and 3P-4WO networks
35 ϕ (U
31
, U
23
) ϕ (U
12
, U
31
) ϕ (U
23
, U
12
) ϕ (I
1
, V
1
) ϕ (I
2
, V
2
) * ϕ (I
3
, V
3
) ϕ (I
2
, I
1
) ϕ (I
3
, I
2
) ϕ (I
1
, I
3
) ϕ (V
2
, V
1
) * ϕ (V
3
, V
2
) * ϕ (V
1
, V
3
)
Three-phase, 4-wire, wye, balanced (3P-4WYb)
I
1
I
2
I
3
P
Q
S tan ϕ
U
12
U
23 f
U
31
V
3
V
N
V
1
V
2
36
DC 2-wire, (dC-2W)
DC 3-wire, (dC-3W)
P
Q
S tan ϕ
S
PF
P
Q
I
P
V
V
N
I
1
I
2
I
N
37 ϕ (I
1
, V
1
)
DC 4-wire, (dC-4W)
V
1
V
2
V
3
V
N
I
3
I
N
I
1
I
2
38
V
1
V
2
V
N
P
P
4.4.2. ENERGY MODE
The powers displayed are the total powers. The energy depends on the duration; typically it is available at the end of 10 or 15 minutes or at the end of the aggregation period.
Press the Enter key for more than 2 seconds to obtain the powers by quadrant (IEC 62053-23). The display unit indicates
PArt to specify that the values are partial.
Press the key to return to display of the total powers.
The display screens for AC and DC networks are different
Figure 34
AC networks
Ep+: Total active energy consumed (by the load) in kWh
39
Ep-: Total active energy delivered (by the source) in kWh
Eq1: Reactive energy consumed (by the load) in the inductive quadrant
(quadrant 1) in kvarh.
Eq2: Reactive energy delivered (by the source) in the capacitive quadrant
(quadrant 2) in kvarh.
Eq3: Reactive energy delivered (by the source) in the inductive quadrant
(quadrant 3) in kvarh.
40
Eq4: Reactive energy consumed (by the load) in the capacitive quadrant
(quadrant 4) in kvarh.
Es+: Total apparent energy consumed (by the load) in kVAh
Es-: Total apparent energy delivered (by the source) in kVAh
DC networks
Ep+: Total active energy consumed (by the load) in kWh
41
Ep-: Total active energy delivered (by the source) in kWh
4.4.3. HARMONICS MODE
The display depends on the network configured.
The harmonics display is not available for DC networks. The display unit indicates "No THD in DC mode".
Single-phase, 2-wire (1P-2W)
I_THD
V_THD
Two-phase, 3-wire (1P-3W)
I
1
_THD
I
2
_THD
42
V
1
_THD
V
2
_THD
U
12
_THD
Three-phase, 3-wire, unbalanced (3P-3W D 2, 3P-3W D 3, 3P-3WO2, 3P-3WO3, 3P-3WY2, 3P-3WY3)
I
1
_THD
I
2
_THD
I
3
_THD
U
12
_THD
U
23
_THD
U
31
_THD
Three-phase, 3-wire ∆, balanced (3P-3W∆b)
I
1
_THD = I
3
_THD
I
2
_THD = I
3
_THD
I
3
_THD
43
U
12
_THD
U
23
_THD = U
12
_THD
U
31
_THD = U
12
_THD
Three-phase, 4-wire, unbalanced (3P-4WY, 3P-4WY2, 3P-4W D , 3P-4WO)
I
1
_THD
I
2
_THD
I
3
_THD
I
N
_THD
V
1
_THD
V
2
_THD
V
3
_THD
Three-phase, 4-wire, wye, balanced (3P-4WYb)
I
1
_THD
I
2
_THD
I
3
_THD
44
V
1
_THD
V
2
_THD
V
3
_THD
4.4.4. MAXIMUM MODE
Depending on the option selected in PEL Transfer, these may be the maximum aggregated values of the recording in progress or of the last record, or the maximum aggregated values since the last reset.
The maximum display is not available for DC networks. The display unit indicates "No Max in DC Mode".
Single-phase, 2-wire (1P-2W)
I
V
V
N
P
Q
S
P
Q
S
45
Two-phase, 3-wire (1P-3W)
P
Q
S
U
12
V
N
V
1
V
2
P
Q
S
I
1
I
2
46
Three-phase, 3-wire (3P-3W D 2, 3P-3W D 3, 3P-3WO2, 3P-3WO3, 3P-3WY2, 3P-3WY3, 3P-3W∆b)
I
1
I
2
I
3
P
Q
S
U
12
U
23
U
31
P
Q
S
47
Three-phase, 4-wire (3P-4WY, 3P-4WY2, 3P-4W D , 3P-4WO), 3P-4WYb)
I
3
I
N
I
1
I
2
For the balanced network (3p-4WYb), I
N
is not displayed.
V
1
V
2
V
3
V
N
U
12
U
23
U
31
P
Q
S
48
P
Q
S
49
5. SOFTWARE AND APPLICATION
5.1. PEL TRANSFER SOFTWARE
5.1.1. FUNCTIONS
PEL transfer software is used to:
Connect the instrument to the PC by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB, Ethernet or 3G-UMTS/GPRS.
Assign a name to the instrument, choose the brightness and contrast of the display unit, disable or enable the Selection key of the instrument, set the date and time, format the SD card, etc.
Configure communication between the instrument and the PC.
Configure the measurement: choose the distribution network, the transformation ratio, the frequency, the transformation ratios of the current sensors.
Configure the records: choose their names, their duration, their starting and ending dates, the aggregation period, whether or not "1s" values and harmonics are recorded.
Manage energy meters, the operating time of the instrument, the time voltages are present on the measurement inputs, the time currents are present on the measurement inputs, etc.
Connect L452 Data Loggers to the PEL106.
Manage alarms on the measurements of the PEL106 or of the L452 Data Loggers connected.
Manage the sending of periodic reports by email.
PEL Transfer can also be used to open records, upload them to the PC, export them to a spreadsheet, view the corresponding curves, and create and print reports.
It is also used to update the internal software of the instrument when a new update is available.
5.1.2. INSTALLING PEL TRANSFER
Do not connect the instrument to the PC until the software and the driver have been installed.
Minimum computer configuration required:
Windows ® 7 (32/64 bits) or Windows ® 8
2GB to 4GB of RAM
10GB of disc space
1 CD-ROM drive
Windows ® is a registered trade mark of Microsoft ® .
1. Download the latest version of PEL Transfer from our web site: www.chauvin-arnoux.com
Run setup.exe
. Then follow the installation instructions.
You must have administrator privileges on your PC to install the PEL Transfer software .
50
2. A warning message like the one shown below appears. Click on OK .
Figure 35
Installing the driver may take some time. Windows may even indicate that the program is no longer responding, even though it is in fact running. Wait for it to terminate.
3. When the driver has been installed, the Installation succeeded dialogue box is displayed. Click on OK .
4. The Install Shield Wizard terminated window is then displayed. Click on Terminate .
5. A Question dialogue box opens. Click on Yes to read the procedure for connecting the instrument to the USB port of the computer.
The browser window remains open. You can select another option to download (for example Adobe ® Reader), or user manuals to read, or close the window.
6. If necessary, reboot the computer.
A shortcut has been added to your desktop or in the DataView directory.
You can now open PEL Transfer and connect your PEL to the computer.
For context-sensitive information about the use of PEL Transfer, refer to the Help menu of the software.
5.2. PEL APPLICATION
The Android application provides some of the functions of the PEL Transfer software.
It enables you to connect to your instrument remotely.
Find the application by typing PEL Chauvin Arnoux.
Install the application on your smartphone or tablet.
51
The application has 3 tabs.
is used to connect the instrument:
by Bluetooth. Activate Bluetooth on your smartphone or tablet and pair with your PEL.
and the network protocol (this information is available in PEL Transfer). Then log in .
connect .
is used to display the measurements in the form of a Fresnel diagram.
Drag the screen to the left to see the voltage, current, power, and energy values and motor information (speed of rotation, torque), etc.
is used to:
Configure the records: choose their names, their duration, their start and end dates, the aggregation period, whether or not the
“1s” values and harmonics are recorded.
Configure the measurement: choose the distribution network, the transformation ratio, the frequency, the transformation ratios of the current sensors.
Configure communication between the instrument and the smartphone or tablet.
Configure the instrument: set the date and time, format the SD card, lock or unlock the Selection information, and display the information on the instrument.
key, enter the motor
52
6. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Uncertainties are expressed as a percentage (%) of the reading (R) plus an offset:
± (a%R + b)
6.1. REFERENCE CONDITIONS
Parameter
Ambient temperature
Relative humidity
Voltage
Current
Network frequency
Voltage-current phase difference
Harmonics
Voltage unbalance
Warming up
Common mode
Magnetic field
Electric field
Reference conditions
23 ± 2 °C
45% RH to 75% RH
No DC component in the AC, no AC component in the DC (< 0.1%)
No DC component in the AC, no AC component in the DC (< 0.1%)
50Hz ± 0.1Hz and 60Hz ± 0.1Hz
0° (active power) or 90° (reactive power)
< 0.1%
0%
The instrument must have been on for at least one hour.
The instrument is powered by the battery; the USB is disconnected.
0 A ac /m
0 V ac /m
Table 6
6.2. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
6.2.1. VOLTAGE INPUTS
Range of operation: up to 1,000 V rms for phase-neutral voltages, voltages between phases, and the neutral-earth voltage, from 42.5 to 69 Hz (600 V rms from 340 to 460 Hz) and up to 1,000 V dc .
Phase-neutral voltages below 2 V and voltages between phases below 2√ 3 V are set to zero.
Input impedance:
Maximum overload:
1,908 kΩ (phase-neutral and neutral-earth)
1,100 V rms
6.2.2. CURRENT INPUTS
The outputs of the current sensors are voltages.
Range of operation:
Input impedance:
Maximum overload:
5 µV to 1.2 V (1 V = Inom) with a crest factor = √
1 MΩ (except AmpFlex ® / MiniFlex ®
2
current sensors):
12.4 kΩ (current sensors AmpFlex ® / MiniFlex ® )
1.7 V
53
6.2.3. INTRINSIC UNCERTAINTY (NOT COUNTING THE CURRENT SENSORS)
The uncertainties in the tables below are given for the "1s" and aggregated values. For the "200ms" measurements, the uncertain ties must be doubled
6.2.3.1. Specifications at 50/60Hz
Quantities
Frequency (f)
Phase-neutral voltage (V)
Neutral-earth voltage (V
PE
Phase-phase voltage (U)
)
Current (I)
Neutral current (I
N
)
Active power (P) kW
Reactive power (Q) kvar
Apparent power (S) kVA
Power factor (PF) tan Φ
Active energy (Ep) kWh
Reactive energy (Eq) kvarh
Apparent energy (Es) kVAh
Measurement range
[42.5; 69Hz]
[10V; 1,000V]
[10V; 1,000V]
[17 V; 1,700 V]
[0.2% Inom; 120% Inom]
[0.2% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = 1
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = [0.5 inductive; 0.8 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = 1
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = [0.5 inductive; 0.5 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = [0,5 inductive; 0,5 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = [0.25 inductive; 0.25 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [10% Inom; 120% Inom]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = [0.5 inductive; 0.5 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = [0.2 inductive; 0.2 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom] tan Φ = [√ 3 inductive; √ 3 capacitive
V = [100 V; 1,000 V
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom tan Φ = [3.2 inductive; 3.2 capacitive
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = 1
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = [0.5 inductive; 0.8 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [10% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = 1
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Sin ϕ = [0.5 inductive; 0.5 capacitive]
V = [100V; 1,000V
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Intrinsic uncertainty
± 0.1Hz
± 0.2% R ± 0.2 V
± 0.2% R ± 0,2 V
± 0.2% R ± 0,4 V
± 0.2% R ± 0.02% Inom
± 0.2% R ± 0.02% Inom
± 0.5% R ± 0.005% Pnom
± 0.7% R ± 0.007% Pnom
± 1% R ± 0.01% Qnom
± 1.5% R ± 0.01% Qnom
± 3.5% R ± 0.03% Qnom
± 1.5% R ± 0.015% Qnom
± 0.5% R ± 0.005% Snom
± 0.05
± 0.1
± 0.02
± 0.05
± 0.5% R
± 0.7 % R
± 1.5% R
± 2% R
± 0.5% R
54
Quantities
THD
%
Measurement range
PF = 1
V = [100V; 1,000V]
I = [10 % Inom; 120% Inom]
Table 7
Intrinsic uncertainty
± 1% R
Inom is the measured current when the output from the current sensor is 1V.
Pnom and Snom are the active and apparent powers for V = 1,000 V, I = Inom, and PF = 1.
Qnom is the reactive power for V = 1,000 V, I = Inom, and sin ϕ = 1.
The intrinsic uncertainty of the current inputs is specified for an isolated voltage input of 1V, corresponding to Inom. The intrinsic uncertainty of the current sensor used must be added to it to determine the total uncertainty of the measurement system. With the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ®
current sensors, the intrinsic uncertainty given in Table 21 must be used.
If there is no current sensor, the intrinsic uncertainty on the neutral current is the sum of the intrinsic uncertainties on I1, I2, and I3.
6.2.3.2. Specifications at 400Hz
Quantities
Frequency (f)
Phase-neutral voltage (V)
Neutral-earth voltage (V
PE
Phase-phase voltage (U)
)
Current (I)
Neutral current (I
N
)
Active power (P) kW
Active energy (Ep) kWh
Measurement range
[340 Hz; 460 Hz]
[10 V; 600 V]
[4 V; 600 V]
[17 V; 600 V]
[0.2% Inom; 120% Inom]
[0.2% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = 1
V = [100V; 600 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = [0.5 inductive; 0.8 capacitive]
V = [100V; 600 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
PF = 1
V = [100V; 600 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Table 8
Intrinsic uncertainty
± 0.3 Hz
± 0.2% R ± 0.5 V
± 0.2% R ± 0.5 V
± 0.2% R ± 1 V
± 0.5% R ± 0.05% I nom
± 0.5% R ± 0.05% I nom
±2% R ± 0.02% P
±3% R ± 0.03% P
± 2% R nom nom
1
1
Inom is the measured current when the output from the current sensor is 1V.
Pnom is the active power for V = 600 V, I = Inom, and PF = 1.
The intrinsic uncertainty of the current inputs is specified for an isolated voltage input of 1V, corresponding to Inom. The intrinsic uncertainty of the current sensor used must be added to it to determine the total uncertainty of the measurement system. With the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ®
current sensors, the intrinsic uncertainty given in Table 21 must be used.
If there is no current sensor, the intrinsic uncertainty on the neutral current is the sum of the intrinsic uncertainties on I1, I2, and I3.
With the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ® current sensors, the maximum current is limited to 60% Inom at 50/60Hz.
1: Value given for guidance.
55
6.2.3.3. Specifications in DC
Quantities
Voltage (V)
Neutral-earth voltage (V
PE
)
Current (I)
Neutral current (I
N
)
Power (P) kW
Energy (Ep) kWh
Measurement range
V = [100V; 1,000 V]
V = [2 V; 1,000 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
V = [100 V; 1,000 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
V = [100 V; 1,000 V]
I = [5% Inom; 120% Inom]
Table 9
Typical intrinsic uncertainty
± 0.2% R ± 0.2 V
± 0.2% R ± 0.2 V
± 0.2% R ± 0.02% Inom
± 0.2% R ± 0.02% Inom
± 0.5% R ± 0.005% Pnom
± 1% R
Inom is the measured current when the output from the current sensor is 1V.
Pnom is the active power for V = 600 V, I = Inom
The intrinsic uncertainty of the current inputs is specified for an isolated voltage input of 1V, corresponding to Inom. The intrin sic uncertainty of the current sensor used must be added to it to determine the total uncertainty of the measurement system.
If there is no current sensor, the intrinsic uncertainty on the neutral current is the sum of the intrinsic uncertainties on I1, I2, and I3.
6.2.3.4. Temperature
For V, U, I, P, Q, S, PF and E:
300ppm/°C, with 5% < I < 120% and PF = 1
500ppm/°C, with 10% < I < 120% and PF = 0.5 inductive
Offset in DC
V: 10mV/°C typical
I: 30ppm x Inom /°C typical
6.2.3.5. Common mode rejection
The common mode rejection on the neutral is 140 dB typical.
For example, a voltage of 230V applied to the neutral will add 23µV to the output of the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ® current sensors, which amounts to an error of 230mA at 50Hz. On the other current sensors, it will amount to an additional error of 0.01% Inom.
6.2.3.6. Influence of the magnetic field
On current inputs to which MiniFlex ® or AmpFlex ® flexible current sensors are connected: 10 mA/A/m typical at 50/60Hz.
6.2.4. CURRENT SENSORS
6.2.4.1. Precautions for use
Refer to the safety data sheet or user manual provided with your current sensors.
Current clamps and flexible current sensors make it possible to measure the current flowing in a cable without opening the circuit.
They also isolate the user from the dangerous voltages in the circuit.
Which current sensor to use will depend on the current to be measured and the diameter of the cables.
When you install current sensors, have the arrow on the sensor point toward the load.
Only the AmpFlex ® A196A current sensors, the MiniFlex ® MA196 current sensors and the lockable voltage leads ensure tightness
(IP67 when the instrument is closed).
56
6.2.4.2. Characteristics
The measurement ranges are those of the current sensors. These are sometimes different from those of the PEL. Refer to the user manual provided with the current sensor.
a) AmpFlex ® A196A or AmpFlex ® A193
Press on both sides of the opening device to unlock the flexible coil. Open it, then place it around the conductor carrying the current to be measured (only one conductor per coil).
Figure 36
Close the coil. You must hear it "click". For better measurement quality, centre the conductor in the coil and keep the coil as circular as possible.
To disconnect the current sensor, open it and withdraw it from the conductor. Then disconnect the current sensor from the instrument.
AmpFlex ® A196A (tight, IP67) and AmpFlex ® A193
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
(depending on model)
100 / 400 / 2,000 / 10,000 A ac
0.2 to 12,000 A ac
A196A: Length = 610 mm; Ø = 170 mm
A193: Length = 450 mm; Ø = 120 mm
A193: Length = 800 mm; Ø = 235 mm
Influence of the position of the conductor in the sensor
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
Safety
≤ 2 % everywhere and ≤ 4 % near of snap
> 40 dB everywhere and > 33 dB near of snap
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 1,000V CAT IV
Table 10
Remark: Currents < 0.05 % of the nominal range will be set to zero. nominal ranges are reduced to 50/200/1,000/5,000A ac at 400Hz.
57
b) MiniFlex ® MA193, MA194 and MA196
MiniFlex ® MA193 and MA196
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
100 / 400 / 2,000 A ac
200 mA to 2,400 A ac
Length = 250 mm; Ø = 70 mm (MA 193 only)
Length = 350 mm; Ø = 100 mm
Influence of the position of the conductor in the sensor
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
Safety
≤ 1.5% typical, 2.5% maximum
> 40 dB typical at 50/60 Hz for a conductor touching the sensor and
> 33 dB near the snap
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 600V CAT IV, 1,000V CAT III
Table 11
Remark: Currents < 0.05 % of the nominal range will be set to zero.
nominal ranges are reduced to 50/200/1,000/5,000 A ac at 400 Hz.
MiniFlex ® MA194
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
100 / 400 / 2 000 / 10 000A ac (for the 1000 mm model)
50 mA to 2,400 A ac
Length = 250 mm; Ø = 70 mm
Length = 350 mm; Ø = 100 mm
Length = 1 000 mm, Ø = 320 mm
Influence of the position of the conductor in the sensor
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
Safety
≤ 2,5 %
> 40 dB typical at 50/60 Hz for a conductor touching the sensor and
> 33 dB near the snap
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 600V CAT IV, 1,000V CAT III
Table 12
Remark: Currents < 0.05 % of the nominal range will be set to zero.
The ac at 400Hz.
The 10,000A range operates provided that the conductor can be clamped in the MiniFlex ® sensor.
c) PAC93 clamp
Remark: The power calculations are set to zero while the current zero is adjusted.
PAC93 clamp
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
1,000 A ac , 1,300 A dc
1 to 1,000 A ac , 1 to 1,300 A peak ac+dc
One 42mm conductor or two 25.4mm conductors, or two 50 x
5mm bus bars
Influence of the position of the con ductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
Safety
> 40 dB typical at 50/60 Hz
> 40 dB at 50/60Hz
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 300 V CAT IV, 600 V CAT III
Table 13
Remark: Currents < 1 A ac / dc will be set to zero in AC networks.
93
58
d) C193 clamp
C193 clamp
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
Influence of the position of the con ductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
1,000 A
52 mm ac for f ≤ 10 kHz
1A to 1,200 A ac max (I >1,000A for 5 minutes at most)
< 0.5%, from DC to 440 Hz
> 40 dB typical at 50/60 Hz
Safety
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 600 V CAT IV, 1,000 V
CAT III
Table 14
Remark: Currents < 0.5A will be set to zero. e) PMN93 clamp
MN93 clamp
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
Influence of the position of the con ductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
200 A ac for f ≤ 10 kHz
0.5 at 240 A ac max (I >200 A non-permanent)
20 mm
< 0.5%, at 50/60Hz
> 35 dB typical at 50/60 Hz
Safety
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 300 V CAT IV, 600 V
CAT III
Table 15
Remark: Currents < 100mA will be set to zero.
f) MN93A clamp
MN93A clamp
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
Influence of the position of the con ductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
5 A and 100 A ac
5 A range: 0.005 to 6 A ac max
100 A range: 0.2 to 120 A ac max
20 mm
< 0.5%, at 50/60Hz
> 35 dB typical at 50/60 Hz
Safety IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 300 V CAT IV, 600 V CAT III
Table 16
The 5A range of MN93A clamps is suited to secondary current measurements on current transformers.
Remark: Currents < 2.5mA × ratio in the 5A range and < 50mA in the 100A range will be set to zero.
3
CURRENT CLAMP
3A
3A
59
g) E3N clamp with adapter
E3N clamp
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
Influence of the position of the conductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
10 A ac/dc, 100 A ac/dc
100 mV/A range: 0.05 o 10 A ac/dc
10 mV/A range: 0.5 o 100 A ac/dc
11.8 mm
< 0.5%
> 33 dB typical, from DC to 1kHz
Safety IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 300 V CAT IV, 600 V CAT III
Table 17
Remark: Currents < 50mA will be set to zero in AC networks h) J93 clamps
J93 clamps
Nominal range
Measurement range
Maximum clamping diameter
Influence of the position of the conductor in the clamp
Influence of an adjacent conductor carrying an AC current
3,500 A
72 mm
< ± 2% ac,
50 - 3,500 A
5,000 A ac dc
; 50 - 5,000 A dc
> 35 dB typical, from DC to 2 kHz
Safety
IEC 61010-2-032, degree of pollution 2, 600 V CAT IV, 1,000 V
CAT III
Table 18
Remark: Currents < 5 A will be set to zero in AC networks h) 5A adapter unit and Essailec ®
Nominal range
Measurement range
Number of inputs for transformer
5A adapter unit and Essailec ®
5 A ac
0.005 to 6 A ac
3
Safety IEC 61010-2-030, degree of pollution 2, 300V CAT III
Table 19
Remark: Currents < 2.5 mA will be set to zero.
ISOLATED CT TERMINATION BOX
5A
L1/A
L2/B
L3/C
60
6.2.4.3. Intrinsic uncertainty
The intrinsic uncertainties of the current measurements and of the phase must be added to the intrinsic uncertainties of the instrument for the quantity concerned: power, energies, power factors, tan Φ , etc.
The following characteristics are given for the reference conditions of the current sensors.
Characteristics of the current sensors (output 1V at Inom)
Current sensor
I nominal
Current
(RMS or DC)
Intrinsic
uncertainty at 50/ 60Hz
PAC193 clamps
C193 clamps
MN93 clamps
MN93A clamps
E3N clamps
J93 clamps
Adapter
5A/ Essailec ®
1,000 A
1,300A
1,000 A
200 A
100 A
5 A
100A
10 A
5,000 A
5 A ac dc ac ac ac ac ac/dc ac/dc
3,500 A ac ac dc
[1A; 50A[
[50 A; 100 A[
[100 A; 800 A[
[800 A; 1,000 A[
]1,000 A dc ; 1,300
A dc [
[1 A; 50 A[
[50 A; 100 A[
[100 A; 1,200 A[
[0.5 A; 5 A[
[5 A; 40 A[
[40 A; 100 A[
[100 A; 240 A[
[200 mA; 5 A[
[5 A; 120 A[
[5 mA; 250 mA[
[250 mA; 6 A[
[50 mA; 40 A[
[40 A; 100 A[
[50 mA; 10 A[
[50 A; 250 A[
[250 A; 500 A[
[500 A; 3,500 A[
]3,500 A dc ; 5,000
A dc [
[5 mA; 250 mA[
[250 mA; 6 A[
± 1.5% R ± 1 A
± 1.5% R ± 1 A
± 2.5% R
± 4% R
± 4% R
± 1% R
± 0.5% R ± 2 mA
± 0.5% R ± 1 mA
± 1% R
± 0.5% R
± 0.3% R
± 3% R ± 1 A
± 2.5% R ± 1 A
± 2% R ± 1 A
± 1% R + 1A
± 1% R ± 2 mA
± 1% R
± 1.5% R ± 0.1 mA
± 1% R
± 4% R ± 50 mA
± 15% R
± 3% R ± 50 mA
± 2% R ± 2.5 A
± 1.5% R ± 2.5 A
± 1% R
Intrinsic
uncertainty on ϕ at 50/60 Hz
-
Typical uncertainty on ϕ at
50/60Hz
-
± 2.5° -0.9°
± 2°
- 0.8°
- 0.65°
- 0.65°
Typical uncertainty on ϕ at 400 Hz
- 4.5°@ 100A
-
± 1°
± 0.7°
-
± 5°
± 3°
± 2.5°
± 4°
± 2.5°
-
± 5°
± 1°
± 1°
± 1.5°
± 3°
± 2°
± 1.5°
-
± 0.5°
± 0.5°
-
+ 0.25°
+ 0.2°
-
+ 2°
+ 1.2°
± 0.8°
+ 0.75°
+ 1.7°
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+ 0.1°@ 1,000A
-
- 1.5°@ 40 A
- 0.8°@ 100A
- 1°@ 200 A
-
- 0.5°@100A
-
- 0.5°@ 5 A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table 20
61
Characteristics of the AmpFlex ® and Min i Flex ®
Current sensor
AmpFlex
A196A
A193
MiniFlex
MA193
MA196
MA194
®
®
I nominal
100 A
400 A
2,000 A ac ac
10,000 A
100 A
400 A
2,000 A
10,000A ac ac ac ac ac ac
1
Current
(RMS or DC)
Intrinsic
uncertainty at 50/
60Hz
Intrinsic
uncertainty at 400Hz
[200 mA; 5 A[
[5 A; 120 A[ *
[0.8 A; 20 A[
[20 A; 500 A[ *
[4 A; 100 A[
[100 A; 2,400 A[ *
[20 A; 500 A[
[500 A; 12,000 A[ *
[200 mA; 5 A[
[5 A; 120 A[ *
[0.8 A; 20 A[
[20 A; 500 A[ *
[4 A; 100 A[
[100 A; 2,400 A[ *
[20 A; 500 A[
[500 A; 12,000 A[ *
± 1.2% R ± 50mA ± 2 % R ± 0.1 A
± 1.2% R ± 0.2 A
± 1.2 % R ± 1 A
± 1.2 % R ± 5 A
± 1 % R ± 50mA
± 1 % R ± 0.2 A
± 1 % R ± 1 A
± 1 % R ± 1 A
± 2 % R ± 0.4 A
± 2 % R ± 2 A
± 2% R ± 10A
± 2 % R ± 0.1 A
± 2 % R ± 0.4 A
± 2 % R ± 2 A
± 2 % R ± 2 A
Table 21
1: Provided that the conductor can be clamped.
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
Intrinsic
uncertainty on ϕ at 50/60 Hz
-
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
-
± 0.5°
-
Typical uncertainty on ϕ at
400 Hz
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
- 0.5°
-
The nominal ranges are halved at 400Hz (*).
Limits of the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ®
Like all Rogowski probes, the AmpFlex ® and MiniFlex ® deliver output voltages proportional to the frequency. A high current at a high frequency can saturate the current inputs of the devices.
To avoid saturation, the following condition must be satisfied: n=∞
∑
n=1
[n. I n
] < I nom
Where I nom
is the range
I n of the current sensor n is the order of the harmonic
is the current of the harmonic of order n
For example, the input current range of a dimmer must not exceed one fifth of the current range selected on the device.
This requirement does not take into account the limitation of the pass band of the device, which may lead to other errors.
62
6.3. COMMUNICATION
6.3.1. BLUETOOTH
Bluetooth 2.1
Class 1 (range up to 100m in line of sight)
Default pairing code: 000
Nominal output power: +15 dBm
Nominal sensitivity: -82 dBm
Rate: 115.2 kbits/s
6.3.2. USB
Type B connector
USB 2
6.3.3. NETWORK
RJ45 connector with 2 built-in LEDs
100 Base T Ethernet
6.3.4. WI-FI
2.4 GHz band, IEEE 802.11 B/G/N radio
TX power: +17 dBm
RX sensitivity: -97 dBm
Rate: 72.2 MB/s max
Safety: WPA / WPA2
Access Point (AP): up to five clients
6.3.5. 3G-UMTS/GPRS
For Europe, USA and China
UMTS/HSPA 800/850/900/1700/1900/2100 MHz
(Bands VI, V, VIII, IV, II, I)
3GPP Release 7
GSM GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz
3GPP Release 7
PBCCH support
GPRS Class 12, CS1-CS4 – up to 86.5 kB/s
EDGE Class 12, MCS1-9 – up to 236.8 kB/s
6.4. POWER SUPPLY
Mains supply
Range of operation: 100 V to 1,000 V for a frequency from 42.5 to 69 Hz
100 V to 600 V for a frequency from 340 to 460 Hz
140 V to 1,000 V in DC
Maximum power: 30 VA
PA30W specific external mains power supply unit (optional)
This is a specific 600 V, category IV – 1000 V, category III
Maximum input power: 65 VA.
Range of use: from 90 to 264 V
Output voltage: 15 V dc ac @ 50/60 Hz.
Battery
Type: Rechargeable NiMH battery
Number of charging/discharging cycles: > 1,000
Charging time: Approximately 5h
Charging temperature: -20 to +55 °C
Life between charges: approximately 1h with neither Bluetooth nor Wi-Fi activated
When the instrument is powered down, the clock is preserved for 20 days.
63
6.5. ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS
Indoor and outdoor use.
Altitude:
Operation: 0 to 2,000 m
Storage: 0 to 10,000 m
Temperature and relative humidity:
% RH
95
85
75
3 2 1
45
1 = Reference range
1 + 2 = Operation range
1 + 2 + 3 = Storage range
10
-40 -20 0 20 26
Figure 37
35 42 50 70
T (°C)
6.6. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Dimensions: 270mm (+50mm with the leads connected) × 245mm × 180mm
Weight: approximately 3.4kg
Drop: 20cm in the worst position without permanent mechanical damage or functional deterioration.
1m in its packaging.
Degrees of protection per IEC 60529
IP 67 when the cover of the instrument is closed, the voltage leads are screwed, and the leads of the AmpFlex ® A196A are screwed.
IP 67 when the cover of the instrument is closed and the plugs on the terminals are in place.
IP 54 when the cover is open, the instrument is in a horizontal position, and the plugs on the terminals are in place.
IP 40 when the cover is open, the instrument is in a horizontal position, and the plugs are not in place.
6.7. ELECTRICAL SAFETY
The instruments are compliant with standard IEC/EN 61010-2-030 or BS EN 61010-2-030:
Measurement inputs and enclosure: 1,000V overvoltage category IV, degree of pollution 3 (4 with instrument closed)
Power supply: 1,000V overvoltage category IV, pollution degree 2
The measurement leads and the crocodile clips are compliant with standard IEC/EN 61010-031 or BS EN 61010-031.
6.8. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
Emissions and immunity in an industrial environment per IEC/EN 61326-1 or BS EN 61326-1.
With the AmpFlex ® and the MiniFlex ® , the typical influence on the measurement is 0.5% of full scale, with a maximum of 5A.
64
6.9. RADIO EMISSION
The devices are compliant with the 2014/53/EU RED directive and FCC Regulations.
https://www.chauvin-arnoux.com/COM/CA/doc/Declaration_of_conformity_PEL106.pdf
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
3G
FCC certification
FCC QOQWT11u
FCC QOQWF121
FCC XPY-LISAU200
6.10. MEMORY CARD
The PEL accepts FAT32-formatted SD, SDHC and SDXC cards up to a capacity of 32GB.
The SDXC cards must be formatted in the instrument.
Number of insertions and withdrawals: 1,000.
The transfer of a large quantity of data may take a long time. Moreover, some computers may have difficulty processing such large quantities of information, and spread sheets accept only a limited quantity of data.
We recommend optimizing the data on the SD card and recording only the necessary measurements. For guidance, a 5-day record, with an aggregation time of 15 minutes, a record of the "1s" data and the harmonics on a three-phase four-wire network occupies approximately 530MB. If the harmonics are not essential and if recording of them is deactivated, the size is reduced to approximately 67MB.
The maximum durations of records for a 2GB card are the following:
19 days for recording with an aggregation time of 1 minute, the "1s" data, and the harmonics;
12 weeks for recording with an aggregation time of 1 minute, the "1s" data, but no harmonics;
2 years for recording with an aggregation time of 1 minute.
Do not exceed 32 records on the SD card.
For records that are long (duration greater than one week) or include the harmonics, use class 4 or higher SDHC cards.
Do not use the Bluetooth link to upload large records: it would take too long. If only one record per Bluetooth link is possible, shrink the record by removing the "1s" data and the harmonics. Without these last, a 30-day record occupies only 2.5MB.
On the other hand, uploading by USB or Ethernet link can be acceptable, depending on the length of the record and the transmission rate. To transfer the data more rapidly, use the SD card/USB adapter.
65
7. MAINTENANCE
Except for the attachments of the tight connectors and the caps of the terminals, the instrument contains no parts that can be replaced by personnel who are not specially trained and accredited. Any unauthorized repair or replacement of a part by an “equivalent” may gravely impair safety.
Regularly check the condition of the O-rings in the leads. If they fail, tightness is no longer ensured.
7.1. CLEANING
Disconnect the instrument completely.
Use a soft cloth, dampened with soapy water. Rinse with a damp cloth and dry rapidly with a dry cloth or forced air. Do not use alcohol, solvents, or hydrocarbons.
Do not use the instrument if the terminals or the keypad are wet. Dry it first.
For the current sensors:
Make sure that no foreign body interferes with the operation of the snap locking device of the current sensor.
Keep the jaws of the clamp perfectly clean. Do not spray water directly on the clamp.
7.2. BATTERY
The instrument uses a NiMH battery. This technology has several advantages:
Long life between charges but compact and light;
Memory effect substantially reduced: you can recharge your battery even if it is not fully discharged;
Protection of the environment: no pollutants such as lead or cadmium, in accordance with the applicable regulations.
The battery may be fully discharged after prolonged storage. In this case, charging may take several hours. It will then take at least
5 charging/discharging cycles for the battery to recover 95% of its capacity.
To optimize the use of your battery and prolong its useful life:
Charge the instrument only at temperatures between -20 and +55°C.
Use as prescribed.
Store as prescribed.
7.3. UPDATING THE EMBEDDED SOFTWARE
With a view to providing, at all times, the best possible service in terms of performance and technical improvements, Chauvin
Arnoux offers you the possibility of updating the internal software of this instrument by downloading, free of charge, the new ver sion available on our web site.
See you on our site: www.chauvin-arnoux.com
Then go to "Support", then "Download our software", then "PEL106".
Connect the instrument to your PC using the USB cord provided.
The PEL Transfer software informs you when an update is available and makes it easy to install it.
Updating the embedded software may reset the configuration and cause the loss of the recorded data. As a precaution, save the data in memory to a PC before updating the embedded software.
66
8. WARRANTY
Except as otherwise stated, our warranty is valid for 24 months starting from the date on which the equipment was sold. Extract from our General Conditions of Sale provided on request.
The warranty does not apply in the following cases:
Inappropriate use of the equipment or use with incompatible equipment;
Modifications made to the equipment without the explicit permission of the manufacturer’s technical staff;
Work done on the device by a person not approved by the manufacturer;
Adaptation to a particular application not anticipated in the definition of the equipment or not indicated in the user’s manual;
Damage caused by shocks, falls, or floods.
67
9. APPENDIX
9.1. MEASUREMENTS
9.1.1. DEFINITION
The calculations are performed in accordance with standards IEC 61557-12, IEC 61000-4-30, and IEEE 1459.
Geometrical representation of the active and reactive powers:
Source
Active power supplied
Q
Load
Active power consumed
2 1
Reactive power consumed
Reactive power supplied
Q
S
φ
P
P
3 4
Figure 38
The quadrants are given for the fundamental power values.
The reference of this diagram is the current vector (fixed on the right-hand part of the axis).
Voltage vector V varies in direction according to phase angle ϕ .
The phase angle ϕ , between the voltage V and the current I, is considered positive in the anticlockwise direction.
9.1.2. SAMPLING
9.1.2.1. Sampling period
This depends on the network frequency: 50, 60 or 400Hz.
The sampling period is calculated every second.
Network frequency f = 50Hz
Between 42.5 and 57.5Hz (50Hz ± 15%), the sampling period is locked to the network frequency. 128 samples are available for each period of the network.
Outside of the 51–69Hz band, the sampling period is 128 x 50 Hz.
Network frequency f = 60 Hz
Between 51 and 69 Hz (60 Hz ± 15%), the sampling period is locked to the network frequency. 128 samples are available for each period of the network.
Outside of the 51–69Hz band, the sampling period is 128 x 60Hz.
Network frequency f = 400 Hz
Between 340 and 460 Hz (400 Hz ± 15%), the sampling period is locked to the network frequency. 16 samples are available for each period of the network.
Outside of the 340–460Hz band, the sampling period is 16 x 400Hz.
A DC signal is treated as outside of the frequency ranges. The sampling frequency is then, depending on the preset network frequency, 6.4 kHz (50/400Hz) or 7.68 kHz (60Hz).
68
9.1.2.2. Locking of the sampling frequency
As default, the sampling frequency is locked to V1.
If V1 is missing, the instrument attempts to lock to V2, then to V3, I1, I2, and I3.
9.1.2.3. AC/DC
The PEL makes AC and DC measurements for AC and DC distribution networks. AC or DC is selected by the user.
The AC + DC values are available with PEL Transfer.
9.1.2.4. Neutral current measurement
Depending on the distribution network, if there is no current sensor on the I
N
terminal, the neutral current is determined by calculation.
9.1.2.5. "200ms" quantities
The instrument calculates the following quantities every 200 ms on the basis of measurements on 10 periods for 50Hz, 12 periods
for 60Hz, and 80 periods for 400Hz, as indicated by Table 22.
The "200ms" quantities are used for:
the trends on the "1s" quantities
the aggregation of the values for the "1s" quantities (See § 9.1.2.6).
All of the "200ms" quantities can be recorded on the SD card during the recording session.
9.1.2.6. "1 s" quantities (one second)
The instrument calculates the following quantities every 200 ms on the basis of measurements on 50 periods for 50Hz, 60 periods
for 60Hz, and 400 periods for 400Hz, as indicated by Table 22.
The "1s" quantities are used for:
the real-time values
the trends
the aggregation of the values for the "aggregated" quantities (See § 9.1.2.7).
the determination of the values and maximum/minimum for the values of the "aggregated" trends
All of the "1s" quantities can be recorded on the SD card during the recording session.
9.1.2.7. Aggregation
An aggregated quantity is a value calculated over an aggregation period as indicated by Table 23.
The aggregation period always starts at the beginning of an hour or of a minute. The aggregation period is the same for all quantities. The possible periods are the following: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 and 60 min.
9.1.2.8. Minimum and maximum
The Min and Max are the minimum and maximum values observed during the aggregation period considered. They are recorded
9.1.2.9. Energy calculations
The energies are calculated every second.
The total energy is the demand during the recording session.
The partial energy can be determined for one of the following integration periods: 1h, 1 day, 1 week or 1 month. The partial energy index is available only in real time. It is not recorded.
On the other hand, the total energies are available with the data of the recorded session.
69
9.2. MEASUREMENT FORMULAS
Most of the formulas are taken from standard IEEE 1459.
The PEL measures or calculates the values below for one cycle (128 samples per period from 16 to 400Hz. These values are not accessible to the user.
The PEL then calculates a value aggregated over 10 cycles (50Hz), 12 cycles (60Hz), or 80 cycles (400Hz) ("200ms" quantities ), then 50 cycles (50Hz), 60 cycles (60Hz), or 400 cycles (400Hz) ("1s" quantities).
Quantities Remarks
Crest factor in AC voltage (V
L-CF
)
AC inverse voltage unbalance (u
2
)
AC homopolar voltage unbalance (u
0
)
Crest factor of the current (I
L-CF
)
AC inverse current unbalance (i
2
)
AC homopolar current unbalance (i
0
)
AC reactive power (Q
L
)
AC apparent power (S
L
)
Fundamental angles ϕ ϕ ϕ
(I
(I
(I
L
, V
L
)
L
, I
M
)
M
, V
M
)
AC non-active power (N
L
)
Formulas
V
L − CF
[
AC measurements
T ]
=
1 n
×
n
∑
V
L x = 1
V
L
− peak x u
2
=
100
×
V
V
−
+ u
0
= 100 ×
V
V
0
+
I
L − CF
[ T ]
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
I
I
L −
L peak x i
2
=
100
×
I
I
−
+ i
0
=
100
×
I
I
0
+
Q
L
=
V
L − H 1
Q
T
×
I
=
L − H
Q
1
1
×
+ sin
Q
2 ϕ
+
( I
L
Q
−
3
H 1
, V
L − H 1
)
S
L
S
T
=
=
S
1
V
L
+ S
2
×
I
L
+ S
3
FFT calculation
N
L
=
S
L
2
−
P
L
2
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2 or 3
*
*
*
*
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2 or 3 ϕ is the phase difference between the fundamental current I
L
and the fundamental voltage V
L
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
AC distortion power (D
L
) D
L
=
N
L
2
−
Q
L
2
Quadrant (q)
AC fundamental active power
(Pf
L
)
The quadrants are defined as follows:
when Pf
when when when
Pf
Pf
Pf
L
[10/12] > 0
L
[10/12] < 0
L
[10/12] < 0
L
[10/12] > 0
and Q
and Q
and
and
Q
Q
L
[10/12] > 0
L
[10/12] > 0
L
[10/12] < 0
L
[10/12] < 0
: quadrant 1
: quadrant 2
: quadrant 3
: quadrant 4
Pf
L
=
V
L − H
Pf
T
1
×
=
I
L −
Pf
H 1
1
×
+ cos
Pf
2 ϕ
+
( I
L −
Pf
H
3
1
, V
L − H 1
)
AC fundamental direct active power
(P+)
P + = 3 × V + × I + × cos
θ
(
I + , V +
)
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2 or 3
70
Quantities Formulas
AC fundamental apparent power
(Sf
L
)
AC power factor (PF
L
)
AC active power unbalance (Pu)
AC harmonic active powers (P
H
)
DPF
L
/ Cos ϕ
L
AC
Tan Φ AC
DC voltage (V
Ldc
)
Sf
Sf
T
L
=
=
V
Sf
1
L − H
+
1
×
Sf
2
I
L − H
+
1
Sf
3
PF
L
=
P
L
S
L
P
U
=
Pf
T
−
P +
P
H
=
P
T
−
Pf
T
DPF
L
= cos ϕ
L
= cos ϕ (I
L-H1
,V
L-H1
) cos ϕ
T
=
Pf
Sf
T
T
Tan
Φ =
Q
P
T
T
DC measurements
V
L d .
c .
[ T ]
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
V
Ld .
c .
x
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2, 3 or E
DC current (I
Ldc
)
AC consumed active energy (E
P+
)
AC generated active energy (E
P-
)
AC reactive energy in quadrant
1 (E
Q1
)
AC reactive energy in quadrant
2 (E
Q2
)
AC reactive energy in quadrant
3 (E
Q3
)
AC reactive energy in quadrant
4 (E
Q4
)
AC consumed apparent energy
(E
S+
)
AC generated apparent energy
(E
S-
)
DC consumed energy (E
Pdc+
)
DC consumed energy (E
Pdc-
)
I
L d .
c .
[ T ] =
1 n
× x n
∑
= 1
I
Ld .
c .
x
When there is no current sensor on I
N
, I
N
is calculated:
I
Ndc
= I
1dc
+ I
2dc
+ I
3dc
Energy measurements
E
P +
=
∑
P
T + x
E
P −
=
( )
×
∑
P
T − x
E
Q 1
=
∑
Q
T q 1 x
E
Q 2
=
∑
Q
T q 2 x
E
Q 3
=
( )
×
∑
Q
T q 3 x
E
Q 4
=
( )
×
∑
Q
T q 4 x
E
S +
=
∑
S
T + x
E
S −
=
∑
S
T − x
E
P dc
+
=
∑
P
Tdc + x
E
P dc
−
=
( )
×
∑
P
Tdc − x
Table 22
L = 1, 2, 3 or N
T is the period n is the number of samples.
*: The direct, inverse, and homopolar voltages and currents (V+, I+, V-, I, V°, I°) are calculated using the Fortescue transform.
V1, V2, V3 are the phase-neutral voltages of the installation measured. [V1=VL1-N ; V2=VL2-N ; V3=VL3-N].
The lower-case v1, v2, v3 designate the sampled values.
U1, U2, U3 are the voltages between phases of the installation measured.
Lower-case designates the sampled values [u12 = v1-v2 ; u23= v2-v3 ; u31=v3-v1].
71
Remarks
I
I1, I2, I3 are the currents flowing in the phase conductors of the installation measured.
N
is the current flowing in the neutral conductor of the installation measured.
The lower-case i1, i2, i3 designate the sampled values.
For some quantities linked to the powers, the "generated" and "consumed" quantities are counted separately for the values ag gregated from the "1s" values.
Quantities Remarks
AC consumed active power (P
L+
)
AC generated active power (P
L-
)
AC consumed reactive power
(Q
L+
)
AC generated active power (Q
L-
)
AC consumed apparent power
(S
L+
)
AC generated apparent power
(S
L-
)
AC consumed fundamental active power (Pf
L+
)
AC generated fundamental active power (Pf
L-
)
AC consumed fundamental apparent power (Sf
L+
)
AC generated fundamental apparent power (Sf
L-
)
AC consumed power factor (PF
L+
)
AC generated power factor (PF
L-
)
Cos ϕ
L
AC consumed (Cos ϕ
L+
)
Cos ϕ
L
AC on the source (Cos ϕ
L-
)
Tan Φ AC on the load ( Φ +)
Formulas
AC measurements
P
L +
=
1 n
×
n
∑
x = 1
P
L + x
P
L −
=
( )
×
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
P
L − x
Q
L +
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
Q
L + x
Q
L −
=
(
−
1 )
×
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
Q
L − x
S
L +
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
S
L + x
S
L −
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
S
L − x
Pf
T
Pf
L +
+
=
=
Pf
1 +
1 n
×
+ n
∑
x = 1
Pf
2 +
Pf
+
L + x
Pf
3 +
Pf
L −
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
Pf
L − x
Sf
L +
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
Sf
L + x
Sf
Sf
L −
T −
=
=
1 n
Sf
1 −
×
+ n
∑
x = 1
Sf
2 −
Sf
+
L − x
Sf
3 −
PF
L +
=
P
S
L
L
+
+
PF
L −
Cos ϕ
L +
Cos ϕ
L −
Tan
Φ
+
=
=
=
=
P
S
L
L
−
−
Pf
Sf
L +
L +
Pf
Sf
L −
L −
Q
P
T
T +
+
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
P > 0
Q
L+
Q
L+
can be > 0 or < 0
[agg] = Q
L1
[agg] - Q
L4
[agg]
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
Q
L-
Q
L-
can be > 0 or < 0
[agg] = -Q
L2
[agg] + Q
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L3
[agg]
S
L+
is used for the calculation PF
L+ and of E .
S
L-
is used for the calculation PF
Land of E .
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2 or 3
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
PF
L-
> 0
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
Cos ϕ
L-
> 0
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
72
Quantities
AC generated Tan Φ ( Φ )
DC consumed active power (P
L+dc
)
DC generated active power (P
L-dc
)
AC+DC consumed active power
(P
L+ ac+dc
)
AC+DC generated active power (P
L
-ac+dc
)
AC+DC consumed apparent power
(S
L +ac+dc
)
AC+DC generated apparent power
(S
L -ac+dc
)
Formulas
P
L +
Tan
Φ
−
=
Q
P
T
T −
−
DC measurements d .
c .
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
P
L + d .
c .
x
P
L − d .
c .
=
( )
×
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
P
L − d .
c .
x
AC+DC measurements
P
L + a .
c .
+ d .
c .
= P
L +
+ P
L + d .
c .
P
L − a .
c .
+ d .
c .
= P
L −
+ P
L − d .
c .
S
L + a .
c .
+ d .
c .
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
S
L + a .
c .
+ d .
c .
x
S
L − a .
c .
+ d .
c .
=
1 n
×
x n
∑
= 1
S
L − a .
c .
+ d .
c x
Table 23
Remarks
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
L = 1, 2, 3 or T
+ = load
- = source q = quadrant = 1, 2, 3 or 4
9.3. ELECTRICAL NETWORKS ALLOWED
The following types of distribution network are managed:
Distribution network
Single-phase
(single-phase
2-wire)
Two-phase
(split-phase single-phase
3-wire)
Three-phase,
3-wire D
[2 current sensors]
Three-phase,
3-wire open D
(2 current sensors)
Three-phase
3-wire wye
[2 current sensors]
Abbreviation
1P- 2W
1P-3W
3P-3W D 2
3P-3WO2
3P-3WY2
Phase order
No
No
Yes
Remarks
The voltage is measured between L1 and N.
The current is measured on the L1 conductor.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and N.
The current is measured on the L1 and L2 conductors.
The neutral current is measured or calculated: i
N
= i
1
+ i
2
The power measurement method is based on the two-wattmeter method with a virtual neutral.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and L3.
The current is measured on the L1 and L3 conductors. The current I
2
is calculated (no current sensor on L2): i
2
= -i
1
-i
3
The neutral is not available for the measurement of the current and of the voltage
Reference diagram
See §
See §
See §
73
Distribution network
Three-phase,
3-wire D (3 current sensors)
Three-phase,
3-wire open
D (3 current sensors)
Three-phase,
3-wire, wye [3 current sensors]
Abbreviation
3P-3W D 3
3P-3WO3
3P-3WY3
Phase order
Yes
Remarks
The power measurement is based on the three-wattmeter method with a virtual neutral.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and L3.
The current is measured on the L1, L2 and L3 conductors.
The neutral is not available for the measurement of the current and of the voltage
Three-phase,
3-wire D
D
, balanced
Three-phase
4-wire wye
Three-phase,
4-wire, wye, balanced
Three-phase,
3-wire, wye 2½
Three-phase,
4-wire
Three-phase,
4-wire, open
DC 2-wire
DC 3-wire
DC 4-wire
D
3P-3W
3P-4WY
3P-4WO
DC-2W
B
3P-4WYB
3P-4WY2
3P-4W
D
D
DC-3W
DC-4W
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
The power measurement is based on the one-wattmeter method.
The voltage is measured between L1 and L2.
The current is measured on the L3 conductor.
U
I
1
23
= U
= I
2
= I
3
= U
12
.
The power measurement is based on the three-wattmeter method with neutral.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and L3.
The current is measured on the L1, L2 and L3 conductors.
The neutral current is measured or calculated: i
N
= i
1
+ i
2
+ i
The power measurement is based on the one-wattmeter method.
3
.
The voltage is measured between L1 and N.
The current is measured on the L1 conductor.
V
1
U
23
= V
2
= U
= V
31
3
= U
12
= V
1
× √ 3.
I
1
I
N
= I
2
= I
3
= 3 x I
1
This method is called the 2½-element method
The power measurement is based on the three-wattmeter method with a virtual neutral.
The voltage is measured between L1, L3 and N.
V2 is calculated: v
2
= - v
1
- v
3
, u1
2 u
23
= - v
1
- 2v
3
. V
2
= 2v
1
+ v
3
,
is assumed to be balanced.
The current is measured on the L1, L2 and L3 conductors.
The neutral current is measured or calculated: i
N
= i
1
+ i
2
+ i
3
.
The power measurement is based on the three-wattmeter method with neutral, but no power information is available for the individual phases.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and L3.
The current is measured on the L1, L2 and L3 conductors.
The neutral current is measured or calculated for only one branch of the transformer: i
N
= i
1
+ i
2
+ i
3
.
The voltage is measured between L1 and N.
The current is measured on the L1 conductor.
i
The voltage is measured between L1, L2 and N.
The current is measured on the L1 and L2 conductors.
The negative (return) current is measured or calculated:
N
= i
1
+ i
2
.
The voltage is measured between L1, L2, L3 and N.
The current is measured on the L1, L2 and L3 conductors.
i
The negative (return) current is measured or calculated:
N
= i
1
+ i
2
+ i
3
.
Table 24
Reference diagram
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
See §
74
I
3-CF
V
+
V
-
V
0
I
+
V
1-CF
V
2-CF
V
3-CF
I
1-CF
I
2-CF
I
2
I
3
I
N
I
1
I
2
I
3
I
N
U
12
U
23
U
31
I
1
9.4. QUANTITY ACCORDING TO THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
= Yes = No
Quantities 1P-2W 1P-3W
3P-3W∆2
3P-3WO2
3P-3WY2
3P-3W∆3
3P-3WO3
3P-3WY3
3P-3W∆B 3P-4WY 3P-4WYB 3P-4WY2
3P-4W∆
3P-4WO DC-2W DC-3W DC-4W
V
1
V
2
V
3
V
NE
V
1
V
2
V
3
V
NE
V
1
V
2
V
3
V
NE
DC
DC
DC
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
DC
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
AC
RMS
DC
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
= V
1
= V
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
DC
DC
I
1
I
2
I
3
I
N
DC
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
AC +
DC
RMS
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
75
Quantities
S
3
S
T
S
1
S
2
S
3
S
T
S
1
S
2
Q
2
Q
3
Q
T
N
2
N
3
N
T
N
1
N
2
Sf
1
Sf
2
Sf
3
Sf
T
N
1
Pf
2
Pf
3
Pf
T
P
3
P
T
Pf
1
P
+
P
3
P
T
P
1
P
2
P
U
P h
Q
1
P
1
P
2
P
3
P
T
P
1
P
2
I
-
I
0 u
0 u
2 i
0 i
2
F
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC
AC
AC
AC
DC
DC
DC
DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
1P-2W
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
1P-3W
3P-3W∆2
3P-3WO2
3P-3WY2
3P-3W∆3
3P-3WO3
3P-3WY3
3P-3W∆B 3P-4WY 3P-4WYB 3P-4WY2
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(4)
(4)
3P-4W∆
3P-4WO DC-2W DC-3W DC-4W
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
76
Quantities
D
3
D
T
D
1
D
2
N
3
N
T
D
1
D
2
D
3
D
T
PF
1
PF
2
PF
3
PF
T
Cos ϕ
1
Cos ϕ
2
Cos ϕ
3
Cos ϕ
T
Tan Φ
I
N
-Hi
V
1
-THD
V
2
-THD
V
3
-THD
U
12
-THD
U
23
-THD
U
31
-THD
I
1
-THD
I
2
-THD
I
3
-THD
I
N
-THD
V
1
-Hi
V
2
-Hi
V
3
-Hi
U
12
-Hi
U
23
-Hi
U
31
-Hi
I
1
-Hi
I
2
-Hi
I
3
-Hi
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC
AC
AC
AC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC
AC+DC i=1 at 50
(6)
%f i=1 at 50
(6)
%f i=1 at 50
(6)
%f
Phase order
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
%f
I
V
I, V ϕ (V
2
, V
1
) ϕ (V
3
, V
2
) ϕ (V
1
, V
3
) ϕ (V
23
, V
12
) ϕ (V
12
, V
31
) ϕ (V
31
, V
23
)
1P-2W
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
1P-3W
(2)
(2)
3P-3W∆2
3P-3WO2
3P-3WY2
3P-3W∆3
3P-3WO3
3P-3WY3
3P-3W∆B 3P-4WY 3P-4WYB 3P-4WY2
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
3P-4W∆
3P-4WO DC-2W DC-3W DC-4W
(2)
(2)
77
Quantities ϕ (V
2
, V
1
) ϕ (V
3
, V
2
) ϕ (V
1
, V
3
) ϕ (V
1
, V
1
) ϕ (V
2
, V
2
) ϕ (V
3
, V
3
)
E
PT
E
PT
E
QT
E
QT
E
QT
E
QT
E
ST
E
ST
E
PT
E
PT
Quad 4
Source
Load
Source
DC
Load
DC
Source
AC
Load
AC
Quad 1
Quad 2
Quad 3
1P-2W
(5)
(5)
1P-3W
(5)
(5)
3P-3W∆2
3P-3WO2
3P-3WY2
(5)
(5)
3P-3W∆3
3P-3WO3
3P-3WY3
(5)
(5)
3P-3W∆B 3P-4WY 3P-4WYB 3P-4WY2
(9)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(5)
(5)
Table 25
(1) Extrapolated
(2) Calculated
(3) Value not significant
(4) Always = 0
(5) AC+DC when selected
(6) 7th max at 400Hz
(7) P
1 T
, ϕ
1
= ϕ
T
, S
1
= S
T
, PF
1
= PF
T
, Cos ϕ
1
(8) ϕ
= P
(I
3
, U
12
)
(9) Always = 120°
(10) Interpolated
= Cos ϕ
T
, Q
1
= Q
T
, N
1
= N
T
, D
1
= D
T
(5)
(5)
3P-4W∆
3P-4WO DC-2W DC-3W DC-4W
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
9.5. GLOSSARY
φ Phase shift of the phase-neutral voltage with respect to the phase-neutral current.
°
%
A
Inductive phase shift.
Capacitive phase shift.
Degree.
Percentage.
Ampere (unit of current).
AC AC component (current or voltage).
Aggregation
Various means defined in § 9.2.
APN
CF
Access Point Name. This depends on your Internet access provider.
Crest factor of the current or voltage: ratio of the crest (peak) value of a signal to the RMS value.
cos φ Cosine
D Distortion power.
DC
Ep
Eq
DC component (current or voltage).
Active energy.
Reactive energy.
Es Apparent energy.
f (Frequency) Number of complete periods of voltage or current per second.
Fundamental component: component at the fundamental frequency.
GPRS Global Packet Radio Service. Non-voice data interchange (2.5G or 2G+).
GSM
Harmonics
Hz
Global System for Mobile Communication. Voice data interchange (2G).
In electrical systems, voltages and currents at multiples of the fundamental frequency.
Hertz (unit of frequency).
78
I
I-CF
I-THD
Symbol of the current.
Crest factor of the current.
Total harmonic distortion of the current.
I
L
I
L-Hn
IRD Serveur
L
RMS current (L = 1, 2 or 3)
Value or percentage of current of the n th
Internet Relay Device serveur. Server used to relay data between the logger and a PC.
Phase of a polyphase electrical network.
harmonic (L = 1, 2 or 3).
MAX Maximum value.
Measurement method: Any measurement method associated with an individual measurement.
MIN
N
Minimum value.
Non-active power.
Nominal voltage: Nominal voltage of a network.
Order of a harmonic: ratio of the frequency of the harmonic to the fundamental frequency; a whole number.
P Active power.
PF
Phase
Power Factor - ratio of the active power to the apparent power.
Time relation between current and voltage in AC circuits.
Q
RMS
Reactive power.
Root Mean Square of the current or voltage. Square root of the mean of the squares of the instantaneous values of a quantity during a specified interval.
S tan Φ
THD
U
U-CF u2
U
L-Hn
UMTS var varh
V
L
V
L-Hn
W
Wh
Apparent power.
Ratio of the reactive power to the active power.
Total Harmonic Distortion. This characterizes the proportion of harmonics of a signal with respect to the RMS value of the fundamental component or the total RMS value without the DC component.
Voltage between two phases.
Crest factor of the phase-phase voltage.
Unbalance of the phase-neutral voltages.
Value or percentage of phase-phase voltage of the n
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (3G).
Unbalance of the voltages of a polyphase network: State in which the RMS voltages between conductors (fundamental component) and/or the phase differences between successive conductors are not equal.
Uxy-THD Total harmonic distortion of the voltage between two phases.
V
V-CF
V-THD
VA
Phase-neutral voltage or Volt (unit of voltage).
Crest factor of the voltage
Total harmonic distortion of the phase-neutral voltage.
Unit of apparent power (Volt x Ampere).
Unit of reactive power.
Unit of reactive energy.
RMS voltage (L = 1, 2, or 3)
Value or percentage of phase-neutral voltage of the n
Unit of active power (Watt).
Unit of active energy (Watt x hour). th harmonic (L = 1, 2 or 3) th harmonic (L = 1, 2 or 3).
Prefixes of the units of the international system (SI)
Prefix milli kilo
Mega
Giga
Tera
Peta
Exa
Symbol
M
G
T m k
P
E
Multiplies by
10 -3
10 3
10 6
10 9
10 12
10 15
10 18
Table 26
79
FRANCE
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190, rue Championnet
75876 PARIS Cedex 18
Tél : +33 1 44 85 44 85
Fax : +33 1 46 27 73 89 [email protected]
www.chauvin-arnoux.com
INTERNATIONAL
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Tél : +33 1 44 85 44 38
Fax : +33 1 46 27 95 69
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