STMicroelectronics System Trace Module User Manual
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UM1616
User manual
Trace infrastructure getting started
Introduction
The trace infrastructure provides a mechanism for capturing, decoding and displaying system trace data for SOCs that have embedded heterogeneous cores. It provides the user with a complete, easy to use trace environment. It includes the following features:
• ensures consistency and homogeneity for all core traces on a SoC
• works with any core or platform
• can be used to provide trace data for firmware stack, applications, inter-processor exchanges, operating systems, and so forth
The Trace Infrastructure supports STM2 and STM3 IPs associated with STPv1 and STPv2 data protocols respectively.
It is coupled to the Multi Target Trace API and data protocol
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Contents
Contents
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Definitions and acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Trace infrastructure context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Trace infrastructure components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Installing the trace infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Windows environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
On Windows XP or Windows 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
How to initiate trace infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Global context (raw trace or MTT instrumented) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Capturing and viewing trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Configuration and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Executing the diagnostic test program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
How to use trace infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
On an STiH415 board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Collect and display trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
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Contents
ARM Cortex-A9 example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
On ST-Ericsson MOP500/HREF500 board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Collect and display trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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Definitions and acronyms
1 Definitions and acronyms
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This chapter defines abbreviations and acronyms necessary to understand this document or that occur in other key process documents.
.
LVDS
Mb/s
MB/s
MIPI
Term
MTT
PTI
RHEL
STMC2
SBC
STM
STP
System Trace
Table 1. Definitions and acronyms
Definition
Low-voltage differential signalling.
Megabits per second.
Megabytes per second.
Mobile Industry Processor Interface. The MIPI Alliance is an open membership organization that includes leading companies in the mobile industry that share the objective of defining and promoting open specifications for interfaces in mobile terminals.
Multi-target trace.
Parallel trace Interface
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
ST Micro Connect 2 host-target interface.
Stand by controller.
System trace module.
System trace protocol.
Messages generated by the software in order to give system (or application) level visibility
1.1 References
•
STM-Probe datasheet (8282484)
•
Multi-Target Trace API user manual (DocID023121)
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2 Trace infrastructure context
Figure 1. STM-Probe connection
Trace Analysis Tools
USB connection
Serial Relay
Trace infrastructure context
STM Probe
Reference Board
USB connection
The Trace Infrastructure can be used either as a standalone toolset or interoperating with a core toolset. Whatever the context, the Trace Infrastructure is closely linked to the SoC including an STM IP.
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Trace infrastructure components
3 Trace infrastructure components
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The trace infrastructure consists of both hardware and software components. These are available separately.
3.1 Hardware
The trace infrastructure is based on the STMicroelectronics’ system trace capture box called
STM-Probe. To obtain the STM-Probe hardware, contact ST manufacturing. The product order code is “STM-PROBE”. It consists of a trace box and associated LVDS cable with documentation.
The Trace Infrastructure software is available from ST FAEs.
It is available for Linux host RHEL5 and Fedora14/15 and Windows XP/ Windows 7 environments, it provides:
• libraries and drivers to enable trace capture
• host USB information (libusb-win32 installer for Windows, USB rules files for Linux)
• a diagnostic program to validate the installation of the STM-Probe
• a trace server
• an MTT decoder and viewer
• a raw trace decoder and viewer
• a documentation portal
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4 Installing the trace infrastructure
Installing the trace infrastructure
This chapter provides detailed instructions on how to install the trace infrastructure.
Before attempting to install the trace infrastructure, make sure that the operating system meets the requirements described in this section.
Supported Linux environments are RHEL5 and Fedora 14 or 15. The trace infrastructure has been validated on 64-bit host PCs with a 32-bit emulation library. (64-bit machines are not supported: use the Trace Infrastructure on a 64-bit machine only if the 32-bit emulation library is installed.) In addition, check that the USB library is libusb v1.0; To ensure complete installation tools, you need root privileges to copy two files (specific rules) under specific directories.
Supported Windows environments are Windows XP and Windows 7. The Trace
Infrastructure has been validated on Windows XP 32-bit with an X86 architecture. Check that the USB library installed on your PC is libusb-win32-1.2.5.0. The libusb-win32
is a library that enables a user space application to access the USB devices in the Windows operating system. For more information, visit the project’s web site at: http://sourceforge.net/apps/trac/libusb-win32/wiki where full documentation can be found.
If this library has not been installed, use the Windows installer to install it. You must have administrator privileges to complete this operation.
The hardware installation can be completed in three steps:
1.
Connect the STM-Probe (target) to the board.
2. Connect the STM-Probe to your PC (using USB).
3. Power up the STM-Probe first and then the board.
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4.3.1 On Linux hosts
To install the tools on Linux RHEL5 or Fedora 14 or 15, run the executable
ST_TraceInfrastucture_<version>.bin
and follow the instructions on the screen.
To complete the Linux installation, the following files (delivered in the directory
$STT/system/drivers/
) must be copied (with root privileges).
•
Copy $STT/system/drivers/99-stmprobe.rules to the directory
/etc/udev/rules.d/
•
Copy $STT/system/drivers/blacklist-stmprobe to the directory
/etc/modprobe.d/
The USB library v1.0 (if required) is in $STT/system/libusb-1.0/ .
$SST
is an environment variable that represents the installation path of the trace infrastructure software.
To install the tools on Windows XP or Windows 7, double click on the Windows installer
Trace_Infrastructure_<version>.exe
and follow the instructions on the screen.
Before completing the installation, the Windows installer offers to set up the libusb-win32-1.2.5.0
library on your PC. The trace infrastructure installer launches the libusb-win32 setup wizard.
To set up the library, check the check box “Launch filter installer wizard”. (See
Figure 2. LibUSB-win32, Launch filter installer wizard
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Click on the Finish button to proceed to the next stage of the operation. The filter installer wizard displays the first screen (see
Figure 3. LibUSB-win32, filter installer (1)
Select Install a device filter to set up the library. If no STM-Probe device is proposed in the
Device Selection list, then the device is already installed. Click on Cancel.
Otherwise, select the device with the following hardware identifier: vib:04b4 pid:8613 rev::001
and click on the Install button (see
Figure 4. LibUSB-win32, filter installer (2)
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You can use the STM-Probe on your PC when the wizard displays the final installation
).
Figure 5. LibUSB-win32, installation check (1)
An alternative method for installing the STM-Probe device is to select Filter Wizard in the
).
Figure 6. LibUSB-win32, installation check (2)
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To test that the installation was completed successfully, select Test (Win) Program in the
Start menu. This utility checks that one device have the values: idVendor: 04B4 and idProduct: 8613
.)
Figure 7. TestLibUsb
Note: Administrator rights are necessary to complete the installation. If you do not have these privileges, please contact your system administrator to complete the following actions:
•
Install usb-win32 library if it is not yet installed on your machine:
– Execute
<TOOLS_DIR>\system\liusb-win32\libusb-win32-devel-filter-1.2
.5.0.exe
and follow the instruction on the screen
•
Copy the STM-Probe drivers files:
– Copy <TOOLS_DIR>\system\drivers\x86\CyUSB.inf to c:\Windows\inf\
– Copy <TOOLS_DIR>\system\drivers\x86\CyUSB.sys to c:\Windows\drivers\
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How to initiate trace infrastructure
5 How to initiate trace infrastructure
5.1
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Global context (raw trace or MTT instrumented)
An SoC environment (including STM IP) in which application code has been instrumented for the MTT libraries can use trace infrastructure. The MTT libraries follow MTT API and data protocol definitions and are available in core toolsets (such as STxP70) or STLinux.
5.2 Preliminary to capturing trace
Before starting to use the trace infrastructure, you must ensure the following tasks have been completed.
•
The SoC has been initialized properly, especially with regards to system trace emission. Specifically, this means that:
– GPIOs are configured to link STM output to the connector (see the appropriate
SoC reference guide for more details)
– the STM IP is configured to get trace from the application running on a core.
The main information to be initialized is listed below. See the appropriate SoC reference guide for the correct initialization values. The addresses listed must be filled with correct values:
STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE
This is the base address for the configuration register of the
STM IP
STM_CHANNELS_BASE
STM_CHANNELS_BASE_1
This is the base address of the STM IP
Channel corresponding to a CPU
STM_CHANNELS_BASE_2
STM_CHANNELS_BASE_3
STM_CR
STM_MMC
Channel corresponding to a CPU
Channel corresponding to a CPU
STM control register
It is recommended for a first test to set the value to 0x1C0.
This value corresponds to dividing the STM clock by 16, in order to have no performance issues. However another divider can be used.
STM MIPI modes control register. This value corresponds to set the core as SW-Mode initiators
STM_TER
STM Trace enable register
•
The application code has been instrumented in order to emit trace through the STM IP.
(See the appropriate core toolset user manual for more details.)
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5.3 Capturing and viewing trace
How to initiate trace infrastructure
The LEDs on the STM-Probe panels provide STM-Probe status information. On the left panel of the STM-Probe, the green LED indicates that the USB connection is effective (see
Figure 8. STM-Probe (left panel)
On the right panel of the STM-Probe, there are three LEDs (see
):
• the PRES LED is lit when the power is on
• LED 1 is lit while FPGA is loading, confirming STP trace input
•
LED 2 is lit to indicate I
2
C activity (host program activity)
Figure 9. STM-Probe (right panel)
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How to initiate trace infrastructure
The trace infrastructure provides two viewers:
• a raw trace viewer that displays all traces (see
Figure 10. Raw trace viewer
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• an MTT trace viewer that displays MTT instrumented trace only (refer to the appropriate core toolset user manual for details)
Figure 11. MTT instrumented trace viewer from STxP70 application
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Configuration and diagnostics
6 Configuration and diagnostics
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For information relating to the configuration of the test client, see
After configuring the test client, use the STM-Probe diagnostic program provided with the
package to discover if it can capture trace data. This program is described in
.
The test displays trace captured from the SoC and permits the capture of raw data provided by trace infrastructure.
6.1 Configuring the test client
The default configuration should satisfy the requirements of most use cases. However, depending upon your target, you may have to configure the tool by modifying the
Test_Stm-Probe_DLL.ini
file with target-specific parameters.
The following tables list the parameters that can be modified:
• for Ep8 configuration (flush), see
•
• for FPGA and driver configuration, see
• for debug and test options, see
ep8_read_size flush_size
Name
save_ep8_read_data save_ep8_data_file_name trace_ep8_out.dat
emul_ep8_data
Table 2. Ep8 configuration (flush)
Value by default
64*1024
128*1024*1024
0
0 emul_ep8_data_file_name trace_ep8_in.dat
Description
Use this parameter to configure the buffer size for all bulk read on the ep8 (unit: octet). The value must be a multiple of 16.
Use this parameter to configure the flush size (unit: octet). The value must be a multiple of 16.
Use this parameter to save all data that have been received from ep8. The trace infrastructure saves the data in the file defined by the save_ep8_data_file_name
parameter.
Use this parameter to define the path of the file where data received from ep8 is to be saved.
Use this parameter to load data from the file named by the emul_ep8_data_file_name parameter to ep8. No data is input from the FPGA. The trace infrastructure uses the driver layer only.
Use this parameter to define the path of the file from where data for ep8 is to be loaded.
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Name
stp_version disable_target_check nonstop_flush select_master disable_flush_sync default_channel ring_buffer_no_runtime
0
0
0
Table 3. Driver options
Value by default
STPv1 = 1
0
(disabled)
DEFAULT_CHANNEL =
10
0
(disabled)
Description
Use this parameter to configure the driver and the
FPGA with the appropriate protocol. Set this to:
– 1 for STPv1
– 2 for STPv2.
Use this parameter to disable the automatic check to establish if a target is connected at driver initialization.
Set this parameter to 1 to disable runtime mode and configure the driver to use flush mode continuously.
In this mode, the trace infrastructure does not use a filter and receives all data irrespective of the channel.
Use this parameter to configure in the FPGA which master send messages.
Set this parameter to 1 to configure the driver to not wait for an ASYNC message following a request to flush (except for the first request).
Use this parameter to set the default channel. Trace infrastructure uses the default channel when it has not yet received a channel message.
Set this parameter to 1 to configure the driver not to store a runtime message in the ring buffer. This means when we do a flush we have no runtime information.
Name
always_load_FPGA rbf_file_name hex_file_name rbf_file_version
Table 4. FPGA and drivers configuration
Value by default Description
0 logplug.rbf
fx2.hex
RBF_FILE_VERSION
Set this parameter to 1 to load the FPGA every time the driver is initialized, irrespective of FPGA version.
(By default, the trace infrastructure loads the FPGA only when the version is different than the one it requires.)
This parameter provides the path of the FPGA file.
The parameter is set by the driver layer. Users have no need to change it, because the driver and FPGA are delivered in the same package.
This parameter provides the path of the hex file. The parameter is set by the driver layer. Users have no need to change it, because the driver and FPGA are delivered in the same package.
This parameter shows the FPGA version number.
The parameter is set by the driver layer. Users have no need to change it, because the driver and FPGA are delivered in the same package.
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Configuration and diagnostics
Name
internal_FPGA_test debug_level print_version request_dump_on_error
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0
(disabled)
1
0
Table 5. Debug and test options
Value by default
0
(disabled)
Description
Set this parameter to 1 to generate STP messages from the FPGA without using a target. This option can generate a large amount of messages without a break. It works only for STPv1.
Use this parameter to select the required debug level.
The trace infrastructure prints a message only when its level is less than the level set here.
The permitted values are:
– 0: no log
– 1: errors only
– 2: level 1 plus initialization statistics
– 3: level 2 plus timeout and driver overflow
– 4: level 3 plus decoded messages (this level suffers from degraded performance)
Set this parameter to print information concerning the
FPGA firmware version and DDR2 version.
Use this option to activate a dump after an opcode error in order to locate the error. The output is stored in a .dat file.
6.2 Executing the diagnostic test program
To check if everything has been set up correctly, run the diagnostic program
Test_Stm-Probe_DLL.exe
. The test is a short example of instrumented code and provides raw display of the trace captured.
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7 How to use trace infrastructure
How to use trace infrastructure
7.1.1 On an STiH415 board
This section describes the steps required to configure an STiH415 board to collect traces from an application running on the STxP70 core. Traces are collected using the STM-Probe acquisition box. This example is specific to the standby controller (SBC). The STxP70 application instrumentation is based on the MTT API function.
Environment and application setup
Before starting, install the following:
• the trace infrastructure toolset
• the STxP70 toolset version 2012.1 or later (for information on how to obtain the toolset, contact [email protected])
• the ST Micro Connection Package and associated ST TargetPack supporting the
STxP70 toolset (STMicroelectronics recommend that you install the latest available version of the ST Micro Connection Package)
Then, setup the environment:
•
The first step is to setup the STxP70 toolset environment. Please refer to STxP70 toolset documentation. Then initialize, according to the host platform, all the necessary environment variables needed by target pack.
STMC_DIR
ST Micro Connection Package installation directory
TARGETPACK_PATH
STMC2_IP_ADDR
TARGET PACK installation directory
STMC2 IP Address
STTP_XML_PATH sttp.xml file directory
• According to the host platform, update your PATH environment variable:
PATH $STMC_DIR/bin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH $STMC_DIR/lib
Then, build your application:
•
Build your application with the STxP70 compiler and link with the STxP70 MTT library.
Please refer to MTT Library Documentation.
Finally, launch the STxP70 debugger:
• To connect to debugger, you must declare a suitable target in your target.ini file.
shows an example:
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Note:
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Figure 12. Example target.ini file
[xp70_lpm]
Rule=target:type EMU
Rule=define V4
Section=Core
Section=Common
Section=Memory_Map_lpm OwnerParam=<BEGIN> connect STMC2 -retry 2 100 -p "no_reset=1" -timeout 3000 -no_jtag_test
-target_pack "${STMC2_IP_ADDR}:b2000stxh415:xp70_lpm no_convertor_abort=1 silent=1 tck_frequency=10000000 targetpack_debug=jtag stmc_pokepeek_timeout=10000 module_function=stm:cpt_table_orly"
<OWNER PARAM END>
[Memory_Map_lpm]
Rule=require EMU && (V4)
MemoryMap = DRAM 0x00000000 0x00002000 rw
MemoryMap = PRAM 0x00400000 0x00008000 rwx
MemoryMap = ERAM 0x00800000 0x02000000 rwx
MemoryMap = ERAM 0xA00000 0xFF600000 rwx
The stm:cpt_table_orly tokens that appear in the connect command are Python scripts in charge of respectively initializing the STM and the MTT API. You must be sure that these two files are in your target pack directory.
The command line to launch the STxP70 debugger is the following: sxgdb --targetfile=<your target.ini>
-prop=connect_cmd=st.config.fetch_enable.on --target=<your target> <your instrumented application>
As an example: sxgdb --targetfile=target.ini -prop=connect_cmd=st.config.fetch_enable.on
--target=xp70_lpm exampleMTTAPI.out
If you use STWorkbench, add -prop=connect_cmd=st.config.fetch_enable.on in the More options field of the debug configuration (Debug Configurations > Tab
Debugger > Main > More options).
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7.1.2
How to use trace infrastructure
Collect and display trace
Before running the application, launch the trace viewer (named trcviewer) to connect to
STM-Probe and display trace data. If you start the application before launching the decoder you may lose some trace data.
Figure 13. Example of trace viewer initialization (1)
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Figure 14. MTT instrumented trace viewer from STxP70 application
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7.2 ARM Cortex-A9 example
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This section describes the steps on the MOP500/HREF500 board to collect traces from an application running on ARM Cortex-A9. Traces are collected using the STM-Probe system trace capture box.
Environment and application setup
Before starting, you need to install:
• the trace infrastructure toolset
• an ARM Cortex-A9 debugger
•
ST Micro Connection Package (STMicroelectronics recommend that you install the latest available version)
Next, setup the environment:
1.
The first step is to setup the ARM Cortex-A9 environment.
2. Initialize, according to the platform, all the necessary environment variables needed by
ST Micro Connection Package:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=<installation directory>/lib
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Note:
Then instrument the application.
The application must initialize the STM and must be instrumented to emit trace over STM.
Refer to the STM documentation of your board to be able to configure the STM.
Figure 15. Example page 1
#define STM_CHANNELS_BASE 0x80100000 // STM Channel Base Address
#define STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE 0x8010F000 // STM Configuration Register Base Address static unsigned int volatile *PRCM_GPIOCR = (unsigned int volatile *) 0x80157138; static unsigned int volatile *GPIO0_AFSLA = (unsigned int volatile *) 0x8000E120; static unsigned int volatile *GPIO0_AFSLB = (unsigned int volatile *) 0x8000E124;
// Get the STM IP ready to use static unsigned int volatile *STM_CR = (unsigned int volatile *)
(STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE); static unsigned int volatile *STM_MMC = (unsigned int volatile *)
(STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE + 0x08); static unsigned int volatile *STM_TER = (unsigned int volatile *)
(STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE + 0x10); static unsigned int volatile *STM_TDSR = (unsigned int volatile *)
(STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE + 0x18); static unsigned int volatile *STM_TFSR = (unsigned int volatile *)
(STM_CONFIG_REGS_BASE + 0x28); typedef volatile struct { unsigned long long no_stamp; unsigned long long stamp;
} s_stm_channel;
// it is up to the calling application to provide a definition for stm_channels volatile s_stm_channel * const stm_channels = (s_stm_channel *) STM_CHANNELS_BASE;
// initialize the STM IP
// GPIO[70..74]
*GPIO0_AFSLA |= 0x000007C0;
*GPIO0_AFSLB |= 0x000007C0;
*PRCM_GPIOCR &= ~(1 << 11); // get Modem STM traces out of GPIO[70..74]
// set cores from 0 to 4 as SW-mode initiators
*STM_MMC &= 0x20;
// set PRCMU as HW-mode
*STM_MMC |= 0x20;
// clock divisor: we chose XCKDIV=11b for ED (XCKDIV=00b for palladium)
*STM_CR |= 0x000000C0;
// allow all masters to write onto the STM
*STM_TER |= 0x01; // A9_0 & A9_1
... ...
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Figure 16. Example page 2
// Emit Trace through STM
// Emit a D16 STP message on channel 0:
*((volatile unsigned short *) &(stm_channels[0].no_stamp)) = 0x1234;
// Emit a D16 timestamped STP message on channel 0:
*((volatile unsigned short *) &(stm_channels[0].stamp)) = 0x1234;
// Emit a D32 STP message on channel 1: *((volatile unsigned int *)
&(stm_channels[1].no_stamp)) = 0x12345678;
// Emit a D32 timestamped STP message on channel 1:
*((volatile unsigned int *) &(stm_channels[1].stamp)) = 0x12345678;
// Emit a D64 STP message on channel 2:
*((volatile unsigned long long *) &(stm_channels[2].no_stamp)) =
0x76543210ABCDEF89ULL;
// Emit a D64 Timestamped STP message on channel 2:
*((volatile unsigned long long *) &(stm_channels[2].stamp)) = 0x76543210ABCDEF89ULL;
7.2.2
Then launch the ARM Cortex-A9 debugger.
Collect and display trace
Before running the application, launch the trace viewer (trcviewer) and select the option
--display-unknown
(raw display) to connect to STM-Probe and display traces.
If you start the application before launching the viewer you may lose some trace data.
Figure 17. Example of trace viewer initialization (2)
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Figure 18. Example of raw trace viewer
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Revision history
Date
19-Mar-2013
Revision
Table 6. Document revision history
Changes
1 Initial release.
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