Schneider Electric Loop CTRL -> A120 -> AKF, CLC12 V1.1 Configuration Guide

Loop CTRL → A120 → AKF

Type: CLC12

Version 1.1

Diskettes 3 1 /

2

” and 5 1 /

4

”

Configuration Guide

DOK-276557.20-0291

Belongs to software kit E-No. 424-271575

Overview

Notes

Table of Contents

Part I How to Proceed?

Part II Closed Loop Control Function Blocks

Part III Application

Part VII

Part VIII

Part IX

Part IV Appendix

Part V

Part VI

20

20

Notes

Table of Contents

20 v

vi

20

Notes

Application Note

Caution The relevant regulations must be observed for control applications involving safety requirements.

For reasons of safety and to ensure compliance with documented system data, repairs to components should be performed only by the manufacturer.

Training

AEG offers suitable training that provides further information concerning the system (see addresses).

Data, Illustrations, Alterations

Data and illustration are not binding. We reserve the right to alter our products in line with our policy of continuous product development. If you have any suggestions for improvements or amendments or have found errors in this publication, please notify us by using the form on the last page of this publication.

Addresses

The addresses of our Regional Sales Offices, Training Centers, Service and Engineering Sales Offices in Europe are given at the end of this publication.

20 vii

Copyright

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including copying, processing or any information storage, without permission in writing by the AEG Aktiengesellschaft. You are not authorized to translate this document into any other language.

Trademarks

All terms used in this user manual to denote AEG products are trademarks of the AEG Aktiengesellschaft.

IBM, IBM-PC, IBM-XT and IBM-AT are registered trademarks of International

Business Machines Corporation.

Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

© 1990 AEG Aktiengesellschaft.

viii

20

Terminology

Note This symbol emphasizes very important facts.

Caution This symbol refers to frequently appearing error sources.

Warning This symbol points to sources of danger that may cause financial and health damages or may have other aggravating consequences.

Expert This symbol is used when a more detailed information is given, which is intended exclusively for experts (special training required). Skipping this information does not interfere with understanding the publication and does not restrict standard application of the product.

Path This symbol identifies the use of paths in software menus.

Figures are given in the spelling corresponding to international practice and approved by SI (Système International d‘ Unités).

I.e. a space between the thousands and the usage of a decimal point

(e.g.: 12 345.67).

20 ix

AKF

IL

FPF

DT1-part

FB

HVAC

NW

P-controller abbr. instruction list (IL), ladder diagram (LD), unction block diagram (FBD) instruction list fire protection flap real differential part of controller function block heating, ventilation and air conditioning network proportional-action controller

PI-controller

PID-controller

PADT

CLC-FB

<Alt>

<Del> proportional-plus-integral controller proportional-plus-integral-plus-derivative controller programming and debugging tool closed loop control function block

PC

I&C programmable controller central instrumentation and control

<Cr>, <Return> use carriage-return key

<Ctrl> use control-key use alternate-key use delete-key all three keys held down: warm restart x

20

Objectives

Present software and documentation can only be used together with softwarepackage Dolog AKF → A120.

This manual is designed for configuration of closed-loop control programs on

Modicon A120.

It contents information about installing the software on personal computer and the use of function blocks. The configuring of FBs (parameters, time etc.) will be described. As an introduction into the configuration of closed-loop control programs using CLC 12C software, the software kit contains an application example of heating, ventilation and air conditioning and the application of controlling an reacting-tank in process engineering.

Arrangement of This Guide

General This part contains the preface of the documents, describes the handling of install-disks and contains a detailed table of contents of this manual.

Part I Checklist for proceeding with present software kit.

Part II Requirements, installation and specification of closed-loop control function blocks.

Part III Installation and specification of application ‘I&C, HVAC’.

20 xi

Part IV Appendix

Addresses dresses

Publicatons Comment Form

Contain the adof the sales agencies at home and abroad.

Please use this form a lot, if you have any questions or corrections regarding the doumentation or software.

Related Documents

Software Kit

Dolog AKF → A120

Type: AKF12

E No 424-271521

Validity Note

This manual is assigned for software CLC12 version 1.1.

Translation of description DOK-275578.20.

xii

20

Handling 3

1

/

2

” Diskettes

No cleaning of diskettes.

Store diskettes in protective containers and boxes.

Temperature

Humidity

10 to 60 C

8 to 80%

Insert diskettes correctly.

No water on diskettes.

No heavy objects on diskettes.

No erasing on diskettes.

Diskettes tolerate no heat

(sunshine).

Label diskettes at the right spot.

Don’t move the metal slide.

No diskettes near magnetic fields.

No forcing diskettes into disk drive.

Always keep in mind

20 xiii

Handling 5

1

/

4

” Diskettes

No diskettes near magnetic fields.

Store diskettes in protective containers and boxes.

Label diskettes at the right spot.

No cleaning of diskettes.

No bending or folding of diskettes.

Temperature

Humidity

10 to 50 C

8 to 80%

Insert diskettes correctly.

No water on diskettes.

No heavy objects on diskettes.

xiv

No erasing on diskettes.

Diskettes tolerate no heat

(sunshine).

No paper clips on diskettes.

Touch only protected parts of diskettes.

No painted pencils for writing on diskettes.

No forcing diskettes into disk drive.

Always keep in mind

20

Table of Contents

20

Part I How to Proceed?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Chapter 1 Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

Part II Closed Loop Control Function Blocks . . . .

5

Chapter 1 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Chapter 2 Installation of Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

Chapter 3 General Information about FBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

3.1

Structure of FBs

3.2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

General Information about CLC-FBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FB305 PID1.16 PID controller with 16 bit fixed point arithmetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FB306 PID1.32 PID controller with 32 bit fixed point arithmetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

13

15

21

FB310 ZR1 Two-position controller for A120

FB311 PDSR1 PD-step-action controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27 for A120

FB315 DR1 Three-position controller for A120

FB320 PBM1 Pulse-duration Modulator for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

A120

Part III Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

Chapter 1 Installation Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1

Installation of applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1.1

Installation of application HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1.2

Installation of application REACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49

50

50

51

Table of Contents xv

Chapter 2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

53

2.1

Open Loop and Temperature Control of a Ventilation Sys-

2.1.1

2.1.2

tem in HVAC Techniques

Open Loop Control

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mixed air temperature control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

56

59

62

2.1.3

Room Temperature Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63

2.2

Closed Loop Control of a Reacting Tank in Process Engi-

2.2.1

neering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sequence Control and Closed Loop Control . . . . . . . . . .

66

66

Part IV Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

69

Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

Publications Comment Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

81 xvi Table of Contents

20

Part I

How to Proceed?

20

1

2

20

20

Chapter 1

Checklist

The following list describes how to use this closed-loop control manual and how to handle the loop control software in the best way.

Checklist 3

Before using loop control function blocks take a look at the following checklist and note the software details in the corresponding chapters.

Get familiar with the conditions for using loop control software (part II, chapter

1).

Have you fullfilled the conditions of the first point?

Install the loop control function blocks (part II, chapter 2).

To check software operation, install one of the applications (part III, chapter1).

Start AKF program using the ‘AKF12’-command on your PADT (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

With SeTup menu type the name of ‘PLant’ and ‘PC Station’ that you want to choose for applications (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

Print closed-loop control program using print menu ‘program list’ (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

Get familiar to functionality of application using the program list and the manual‘s descriptions (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

Edit your open loop program using ‘AKF12’ (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

Copy the neecessary loop control Function Blocks to your actual plant using the ‘Special’ and ‘Copy Files’ commands (see also software kit ‘AKF12’).

Create your closed loop program under using the function blocks (see also part II).

The specific closed-loop control parts are now complete. Finally you can prepare the AKF program for loading it to the connect PC or return to other work on the given plant (AKF12, part ‘programming’, chap. ‘Programming Sequence’).

4 Checklist

20

Part II

Closed Loop Control

Function Blocks

20

5

6

20

Chapter 1

Requirements

This chapter enables you to perform closed loop control using

AKF software package Dolog AKF

→

A120 and the loop control software CLC 12.

20

Requirements 7

To guarantee proper operation of software ensure the following conditions:

IBM compatible programming and debugging tool (personal computer) with fixed disk drive and external-disk drive (3 1/2” or 5 1/4”) and with installed software Dolog AKF → A120 software conditions:

Kind of software

A120:

ALU 200 basic software



PADT:

Dolog AKF → A120 programming software

Loop CTRL → A120 →

Closed loop control FBs

AKF type

BSW 124

BSW 123

BSW 123

AKF12

CLC12 number

275121.00

275120.00

275120.00

E-Nr. 424-247197 version 2.0 or higher

E-Nr. 424-271575 version 1.0

Knowledge about project planning of the A120 using the software kit

Dolog AKF → A120

8 Requirements

20

Chapter 2

Installation of Function

Blocks

This chapter describes you how to copy closed loop control function blocks.

20

Installation of Function Blocks 9

The loop control function blocks (CLC-FBs) are equipped with AEG defined numbers. Nevertheless these numbers can be freely changed by the customer when copying function blocks from diskette to PC Station. To keep always best survey and to make survive activities less difficult, we recommend to use the same numbers or to commit function block numbers in your company.

Use the following procedure to copy FBs:

Step 1 Start AKF12 program

Step 2 Insert CLC12-diskette in your disk drive (e.g. A:\)

Step 3 You are in the Plant, entered during installation of AKF12

(e.g. ”C:\AKF12”)

Step 4 Select ”SeTup”, ”PC Station”, ”PC Station Name” in

AKF12 menu (e.g. ”CLC”)

Step 5 Select menu ”Special”, ”Copy Files”

Step 6 To specify source files type: A:\CLC12\*.* (note A:\ is the name of disk drive in which youve inserted the CLC12 diskette, eventually this drive can be B:\ )

Step 7 When entering the return key in the ”Target” line (empty line), the files on the inserted diskette will be copied into the PC station determined with SeTup (CLC12)

Menu entries for step 6 and step 7:

(parameter: /V)

Start Copying Files

SOurce: A:\CLC12\*.*

Target:

Parameter: /V

From this PC station the required FBs can be copied to the actual PC station containing the user program (the recommendation mentioned above is automatically kept when proceeding in this way).

For this Step 4 to Step 7 have to be repeated.

To Step 4: Type the name of PC station you want to work with.

To Step 6: ”Source” is the directory of PC station ”CLC”. Instead of *.* insert the number of required FB.

To Step 7: The selected PC station remains the target directory.

10 Installation of Function Blocks

20

Chapter 3

General Information about

FBs

20

General Information about FBs 11

3.1

Structure of FBs

Every function block consists of one operation and the necessary operands for executing the operation.

The operation determinates which function will be executed by the function block. The operand determinates which variable will be used when executing the operation.

Operation e.g. ZR1

Function Block

Operand actual operand assignable operand operand identifier

Parameter e.g. ER,X e.g. MW, M e.g. 2.3, 4.5

Condition

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

FB 310

ZR1

ER

ER

WE

XE

HYS

TA

YA

TM

VIM1

VIM2

VIW1

VIW2

MW..

T...

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

Note Only one FB is allowed in each network

Conditional- / unconditional FB call

The operation of every function block can be enabled with a ‘Conditional call’

(edit menu). Doing this causes AKF program to perform an additional FB marker input. Setting the conditional input enables FB operation, resetting the input turns the FB operation off. The output operands then will not be changed until the FB is reactivated. This allows for instances where output operands are shared with

12 General Information about FBs

20

further FBs in cases of process dependant operating modes (e.g. split-range control) - or simply to stop FB operation. The conditional input is next to the name of function block (here ZR1).

Conditional input e.g. E2.1

no conditional input

→ conditional call

→ unconditional call

The operand identifier determinates if it is e.g. an output variable (Q), Input variable (I), a marker byte (MB) etc. This information is demanded by Dolog AKF from the system. It is not possible to write a marker bit to places which are assigned for marker words. Wrong inputs will not be accepted (syntax check).

Valid characters of variables in Function Block Diagrams:

Condition conditional or unconditional call (enable) of function block

M...

MB..

for input/output value or marker with bit format for input/output value or marker with byte format

MW..

MD..

for input/output value or marker with word format for input/output value or marker with double word format

The points signify the required parameters

3.2

General Information about CLC-FBs

The Closed Loop Function Blocks of MODICON A120 can be copied into an existing PC station and used like regular FBs.

Inserting a Function Block into a Network causes the AKF program to prepare the finally program linkage with assignment of fundamental part of Function

Block code and additional the code for calling the FB in OB (see also FB descriptions). With every further insertion of the same Function Block only the call of the new FB is added to the code to be linked. The required program memory can be kept to a minimum in this way.

The Loop Control Function Blocks run without additional timing system using only timer controlled sampling. Therefore every CLC-FB gets one or more timer functions assigned at TMx variable. The sampling time, unless otherwise specified (see FB descriptions), should be determinated adapt to the conditions of

20

General Information about FBs 13

process loop. Usual values are 1/5 - 1/10 of loop control relevant system time constants.

The required memory allocation for internal variables, controller input- and output variables and controller parameters are completely assigned at the Controller

Function Block. There is no exceptional handling of data in the Data Block (DB) or consideration of restricted data areas.

The number of timer addresses used can be minimized by assigning the same timers to several function blocks in cases when the sampling time is determined as zero. (e.g. ZR1-, DR1 continuous operation or PID controller in P controller mode). Also the double words that have to be assigned to some controllers can be used commonly. They are only used for buffer storage.

In displaying A120 signals using ”Online List” it should be considered that variables identified as controllable (CE) will be overwritten for one program cycle with given list value after activating the transmit using the transmit command in the AKF menu. The controller outputs have storing characteristics and therefore should only be listed as viewable (no identifier). Identifying controller output variables as force variables should be avoided if regular and continual controller operation is to be guaranteed. (The fixing of output variables causes uncontrollable influence in FB operation)

14 General Information about FBs

20

FB305 PID1.16 PID controller with

16 bit fixed point arithmetic

1 Function

The closed loop control function block PID 1.16 is a freely parametrizable PID controller with 16 bit fixed point arithmetics. PID 1.16 has the following characteristics negative KP values possible (change of control direction)

D-, and I-part can separately and bumpless turned on/turned off

D-part with bumpless change over to system deviation or actual value

D-part part combined with 1st order lag element for controlled step response

(DT1)

Operation with anti windup reset (AWR)

Manual input with setpoint correction of integral part for bumpless return to automatic mode

Operating mode HALT for keeping the last value of controller output with setpoint correction of integral part

Dynamic HALT with positive edge trigger at DHLT-input during next FB cycle

Limiting of controller output to minimum/maximum value

Complete protection against arithmetic overflows; thus higher reliability

FB operating time less than 10 ms

20

PID1.16

15

2 Display

Condition

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

M...

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

M...

MW..

2.1

Funktion Block Symbol

FB 305

PID1.16

TN

TV

ED

TA

W

X

YH

YAO

YAU

HAND

HALT

DHLT

KP

Y

TM

VIM1

VIM2

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VIW5

VIW6

VIW7

VIW8

MW..

T...

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

16 PID1.16

20

2.2

FB structure

Assignable parameter

TM

VIM1

VIM2

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VIW5

VIW6

VIW7

VIW8

TV

ED

TA

Y

HALT

DHLT

KP

TN

PID1.16

W

X

YH

YAO

YAU

HAND

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

T - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

Meaning

Operation (Call) setpoint value actual value manual input maximum output value minimum output value operating mode HAND (priority over HALT) operating mode HALT dynamic HALT for next FB cycle controller gain integral-action time (in 0.1 s); TN < 0: I-part is turned off derivative-action time (in 0.1 s); TV < 0: D-part is turned off change over D-part (0 for KP

*

Xd, 1 for KP sampling time (in 0.1 s) manipulated variable (controller output)

*

-X) timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word)

20

PID1.16

17

Functtion Block

Figure 1 Controller design

18 PID1.16

20

3 Configuration

The function block can be copied from the source file (PADT or Diskette) to the target file of the selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

3.1

Parametrization

The parametrization of PID 1.16 controller has no restrictions - Arithmetic overflows will be kept MAXINT limits the way that direction (sign) of substituted variable is the same as the direction of the unrepresentable, overshoot one (no undefined ‘saw-teeth’ effects). Controller operation without limited output value can be reached with regards to the overall arrangement of control loop.

Note :

Step changes in setpoint value will be amplified with a gain of 5 * KP at the instant of step change and are given out additional to the actual controller output value (once amplified by controller gain and four times by DT1-part, because of internal determination TV/T1 = 4).

The following course of the controller output value is essentially determined by the additional conditions of the control loop, mostly by system time constants.

The limiting of controller output in this connection, is in the main dependant on the course of the integral part, whose settling to an fixed value can only be done over the system loop.

Step changes in setpoint value can be (preferably in PI mode) transformed into a slower settling of the control loop, with bumpless change in controller output value, when simultaneous causing a positive edge trigger at DHLT input. In that case DHLT forces the controller to take over the normally occuring step change in the controller output into the integral part (one cycle). The former controller output value temporary remains as the output value. The following course of controller output value is essentially determinated by the changing of the integral part.

20

PID1.16

19

Table 1 Determination of sampling time

Controller

P

PI

PD

PID -

min

-

0 typ

-

< 0.2

*

TN

< 0.05

*

< 0.05

*

TV

TV -

-

-

max

3.2

FB operating times

Note The given operating times are valid when using ALU 202.

Operating times during sampling cycle:

Controller

P

PI

PD

PID normal

3.08 ms

5.06 ms

3.79 ms

5.41 ms

Operating times in other cycles: always 2.32

ms

AWR**

3.20 ms

4.25 ms

3.62 ms

4.46 ms mode

HAND

2.98 ms

4.02 ms

2.99 ms

4.03 ms

HALT

3.01 ms

4.03 ms

3.02 ms

4.94 ms

3.3

Program memory first FB-call in OB: 5 010 every further call: + 159

** if I part works

Byte*

Byte

* The given value represents worst case value and is valid when the Function

Block is the only one called in the OB. If however commands used in your closed loop control functions already exist in your program, only the additional program parts will cause an increase in the total linked program length (hence saving in program memory).

20 PID1.16

20

FB306 PID1.32 PID controller with

32 bit fixed point arithmetics

1 Function

The Closed Loop Control Function Block PID 1.16 is a freely parameterizable

PID controller with 16 bit fixed point arithmetics for input and output. The calculation of I- and DT1-part and the summing of the internal values for building the controller output signal are done with 32 bit accuracy.

negative KP values possible (change of control direction)

D-, and I-part can separately and bumplessly turned on/off

D-part with bumpless change over to system deviation or actual value

D-part part combined with 1st order lag element for controlled step response

(DT1)

Operation with anti windup reset (AWR)

Manual input with setpoint correction of integral part for bumpless return to automatic mode

Operating mode HALT for keeping the last value of controller output with setpoint correction of integral part

Dynamic HALT with positive edge trigger at DHLT-input during next FB cycle

Limiting of controller output to minimum/maximum value

Complete protection against arithmetic overflows; thus higher reliability

FB operating time less than 10 ms

20

PID1.32

21

2 Display

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

M...

MW..

condition

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

M...

M...

FB 306

TN

TV

ED

TA

YAU

HAND

HALT

DHLT

KP

W

X

YH

YAO

PID1.32

Y

TM

VIM1

VIM2

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VIW5

VIW6

VIW7

VIW8

VIW9

VID1

VID2

MW..

T...

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MD..

MD..

22 PID1.32

20

2.1

FB structure


TM

VIM1

VIM2

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VIW5

VIW6

VIW7

VIW8

VIW9

VID1

VID2

TV

ED

TA

Y

HALT

DHLT

KP

TN

PID1.32

W

X

YH

YAO

YAU

HAND

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

T - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MD - addr.

MD - addr.

Meaning

Operation (Call) setpoint value actual value manual input maximum output value minimum output value operating mode HAND (priority over HALT) operating mode HALT dynamic HALT for next FB cycle controller gain integral-action time (in 0.1 s); TN < 0: I-part is turned off derivative-action time (in 0.1 s); TV < 0: D-part is turned off change over D-part (0 for KP

*

Xd, 1 for KP sampling time (in 0.1 s) manipulated variable (controller output)

*

-X) timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (double word) internal organization data (double word)

20

PID1.32

23


24 PID1.32

20

3 Configuration

The function block can be copied from source file (PADT or Diskette) to the target file of the selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

3.1

Parameterization

The parametrization of PID 1.16 controller has no restrictions - Arithmetic overflows will be kept within MAXINT limits the way that direction (sign) of substituted variable is the same as the direction of the unrepresentable, overshooten one

(no undefined ‘saw-teeth’ effects). Controller operation without limited output value can be reached with regards to the overall arrangement of control loop.

Note :

Step changes in setpoint value will be amplified with a gain of 5 * KP at the instant of step change and are given out additional to the actual controller output value (once amplified by controller gain and four times by DT1-part, because of internal determination TV/T1 = 4).

The following course of the controller output value is essentially determined by the additional conditions of the control loop, mostly by system time constants.

The limiting of controller output in this connection, is in the main dependant on the course of the integral part whose settling to an fixed value can only be done over the system loop.

Step changes in setpoint value can be (preferably in PI mode) transformed into a slower settling of the control loop, with bumpless change in controller output value, when simultaneousley causing a positive edge trigger at DHLT input. In that case DHLT forces the controller to take over the normally occuring step change in the controller output into the integral part (one cycle). The former controller output value temporary remains as the output value. The following course of controller output value is essentially determinated by the changing of the integral part.

20

PID1.32

25

Table 2 Determination of sampling time

Controller

P

PI

PD

PID -

min

-

0 typ

-

< 0.2

*

TN

< 0.05

*

< 0.05

*

TV

TV -

-

-

max

3.2



Operating times during sampling cycle:

Controller

P

PI

PD

PID normal

3.43 ms

8.74 ms

3.79 ms

9.1

ms

Operating times in other cycles: always 2.56

ms

AWR

3.64 ms

6.42 ms

4.0

ms

6.78 ms mode

HAND

3.27 ms

6.29 ms

3.27 ms

6.29 ms

HALT

3.27 ms

8.7 ms

3.27 ms

8.73 ms

3.3


Byte*

Byte

* The given value represents worst case value and is valid when the function block is the only one called in OB. If however commands used in your closed loop control functions already exist in your program, only the additional program parts will cause an increase in the total linked program length (hence saving in program memory).

26 PID1.32

20

FB310 ZR1 Two-position controller for A120

1 Function

The Function Block ZR1 transforms an internally formed system deviation into a binary state for the output marker YA. If the absolute value of the system deviation (WE-XE) overranges by a half of the hysteresys value (HYS) the output will be set dependant (sign) on the deviation value.

Assigning hysteresis and sampling time

Continuous operation setting TA = 0

2 Display

2.1

Function block symbol

Condition

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

FB 310

ZR1

ER

EF

WE

XE

HYS

TA

YA

TM

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

M...

T...

M...

MW..

MW..

20

ZR1 27

2.2

FB structure


ZR1

ER

EF

WE

XE

HYS

TA

YA

TM

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

B - addr.

B - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

T - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

Meaning

Operation (Call) function block reset; ER = 1: reset of YA enable: EF = 0: freezes YA setpoint value actual value hysteresis sampling time (in 0.1 s); TA = 0 for continuous operation manipulated variable (controller output signal) timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word)

HYS TM

TA

WE

Sampling Time

Xd

-t

XE

YA

HYS

1

Xd

YA

EF ER

Figure 3 controller design

28 ZR1

20

3 Configuration

The Function Block can be copied from source file (PADT or diskette) to the target file of selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

3.1


The parameterization of ZR1 ensues with the assignment of the hysteresis and sampling times.

The hysteresis defines the operating points of the controller. Outside the hysteresis the system deviation causes ZR1 to switch the output depending on the sign of the deviation. Inside the hysteresis area ZR1 operates like a dead zone with stored output.

To select the sampling time is an option that can be done to synchronize ZR1 with other controllers. If synchronizing is not necessary the Function Blocks can be enabled to work in every program cycle by setting sampling time TA=0.

3.2

Reset of Function Block

ER = 1 reset of output marker YA.

EF = 0 no change in output marker condition even when the system deviation or controller parameters are changing.

3.3



Operating conditions :

ER = 1

EF = 0

0.52 ms

0.47 ms

ER = 0, EF = 1 1.5 ms

20

ZR1 29

3.4


Byte*

Byte


30 ZR1

20

FB311 PDSR1 PD-step-action controller for A120

1 Function

The Function Block PDSR1 consists of a three-position controller hysteresis and a 1st order lag feedback loop. The internal coupling of 1st order lag element from controller output to the input summing point approaches controller characteristics of those in continuously sampling PD controllers (supposing relatively high system- and actuator time constants for efficient filtering of switched output signal). When connected with an integral actuator (e.g. control valve) the actuator/controller combination has PI characteristics. The parameterization is simplified by the direct assignment of the actuator-action time (nominal value of the valve) and the required parameters KP and TN. The determination of feedbackand hysteresis value is done by the controller itself.

Parameterization of controller gain, integral action time, actuator action time and scaling value

Internal determination of feedback- and hysteresis values

Accommodation of the controller operation to the process conditions by the use of the scaling value KSN

20

PDSR1 31

2 Display

2.1


Condition

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

FB 311

ER

EF

WE

XE

KP

TN

TS

KSN

PDSR1

YP

YN

TM1

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VID1

VID2

MW..

MW..

T...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MD..

MD..

2.2

FB structure


TM1

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

VIW3

VIW4

VID1

VID2

XE

KP

TN

TS

PDSR1

ER

EF

WE

KSN

YP

YN

B - addr

B - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

M - addr

M - addr

T - addr

M - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MW - addr

MD - addr

MD - addr

Meaning

Operation (Call) function block reset; ER = 1: reset of YA enable: EF = 0: freezes YP, YN setpoint value actual value controller gain integral-action time (in s) nominal actuating time of integral actuator (in s) scaled process gain controller output for positive directed actuating controller output for negative directed actuating timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (double word) internal organization data (double word)

32 PDSR1

20

WE

XE

KSN

2.3

FB structure

ER

EF

TM1

Function Block

Control

--

KR HYS UZ

KR

TA = 100 ms

YP

--

YN

Xd

UZ HYS

Conversion

TN

K = 1

KSN

Y

KP TN TS


YP

YN

20

PDSR1 33

3 Configuration

The Function Block can be copied from the source file (PADT or diskette) to the target file of the selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

3.1


The parameterization of PDSR1 is carried out by the assignment of the controller gain, integral-action time, the nominal actuating time of integral actuator and the scaled process gain.

The gain of the 1st order lag feedback element is a function of scaled process gain KSN. Therefore KSN has to be determinated in relation to input scaling of controller setpoint- and actual value. For instance - a theoretical temperature range of +/-400 o C that refers to +/- 4000 integer value (e.g. scaling an input voltage signal of ADU204 ) results an input scaling of 10/ o C. If the maximum difference in process temperature (actual value between the states - shut down valve and widely opened valve- ) results to KS = 200 o C the scaled process gain is given to KSN = 2000.

The scaling accommodates the switching of the controller outputs to the appropriate switching of an integer value for feedback circuitry. In this way the transposition of the given parameters will be guaranteed and the handling of control loop can be done close to that of continuously operating loops.

To keep the developing controller attributes close to the determinated parameters the following values have to be selected:

Parameter

KP

TN

TS min

1

120

30 type

-

> 4

*

TS

< TN/4 max

-

(s)

(s)

The hysteresis determines the controller sensitivity and is internally calculated the way:

HYS = KSN / (KP

*

TS)

34 PDSR1

20

When the scaling setpoint- and actual value to a function of twice the process gain (exampled above) the resolution error reaches at the most 1.66 %. If the user determination of integer range (not the scaling, hence KSN = constant) this is defined otherwise, the resolution changes while the absolute error remains the same.

3.2


ER = 1 reset of output markers YP and YN.

EF = 0 no change in condition of output markers even when the system deviation or controller parameters are changing.

3.3



Operating conditions:

ER = 1

EF = 0

0.76 ms

0.67 ms

ER = 0, EF = 1 7.0

ms

3.4


Byte*

Byte


20

PDSR1 35

FB315 DR1 Three-position controller for A120

1 Function

The Function Block DR1 transforms an internally formed system deviation into binary states for output markers YP and YN. If the absolute value of the system deviation (WE-XE) overranges by half of the hysteresys value (HYS) which is shifted by dead band (UZ), the output will be set dependant (sign) on the deviation value (if positive - YP, if negative - YN). If system deviation falls below the value marked by the inner edge of appropriate hysteresis loop the marker will be reset. Overlapping of hysteresis loops can be done up to HYS = 2

*

UZ

Assigning hysteresis, dead band and sampling time

Operation up to HYS = 2

*

UZ possible

Continuous operation setting TA = 0

2 Display

2.1


Condition

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

ER

EF

WE

XE

HYS

UZ

TA

FB 315

DR1

YP

YN

TM

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

M...

M...

T...

M...

MW..

MW..

20

DR1 37

2.2

FB structure


DR1

ER

EF

WE

XE

HYS

UZ

TA

YA

TM

VIM1

VIW1

VIW2

B - addr.

B - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

T - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

Meaning

Operation (Call) function block reset; ER = 1: reset of YA enable: EF = 0: freezes YA setpoint value actual value hysteresis dead band sampling time (in 0.1 s); TA = 0 for continuous operation manipulated variable (controller output signal) timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word)

TM

TA

WE

Cycle time

--

Xd t

XE

UZ HYS

YP

YA

YN

UZ

HYS

Xd pos.

neg.

YP

YN

ER

Figure 5 controller design

EF

38 DR1

20

3 Configuration

The Function Block can be copied from the source file (PADT or diskette) to the target file of the selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

3.1


The parameterization of Function Block ensues with assignement of hysteresis, dead band and sampling time. The hysteresis defines the operating points of the controller. Outside the hysteresis the system deviation causes DR1 to switch the appropriate output depending on the sign of the deviation. Inside the hysteresis area DR1 keeps the current output states as long as deviation does not overrange (underrange) the corresponding operating point (if high state - falling edge of hysteresis, if low state - rising edge of hysteresis). The separation of the deviation area for the use of two controller outputs allows the design of loop controls with separate control actions (split-range control, e.g. heating and cooling). The select sampling time TA is optional and can be used to synchronize DR1 with other controllers. If synchronization is not necessary the Function Blocks can be enabled to work in every program cycle by setting sampling time TA=0.

3.2




3.3




ER = 1

EF = 0

0.6 ms

0.53 ms

ER = 0, EF = 1 1.2 ms

20

DR1 39

3.4


Byte*

Byte


40 DR1

20

FB320 PBM1 Pulse-duration Modulator for

A120

1 Function

Function Block PBM1 transforms an input signal, related to the given limiting value (OBGR), into a periodical pulse string with proportionally modulated pulsewidth. The Function Block can be used as a P-controller (input WE, XE) and even as a transformer for continual signals (input WE with XE = 0) e.g. PID controller output connected to PBM1 for operating a two-point actuator of controllable system.

Assign of sampling time, absolute input value causing permanent output signal and minimum/maximum pulse-width

Transformation of negative values (YN)

2 Display

2.1


Condition

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

MW..

FB 320

ER

EF

WE

XE

OBGR

TTK

TMAX

TMIN

PBM1

YP

YN

TM1

TM2

VIM1

VIM2

VIM3

VIM4

VIW1

VIW2

VID1

VID2

M...

M...

T...

T...

M...

M...

M...

M...

MW..

MW..

MD..

MD..

20

PBM1 41

2.2

FB structure


PBM1

ER

EF

WE

XE

OBGR

TTK

TMAX

TMIN

YP

YN

TM1

TM2

VIM1

VIM2

VIM3

VIM4

VIW1

VIW2

VID1

VID2

B - addr.

B - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

T - addr.

T - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

M - addr.

MW - addr.

MW - addr.

MD - addr.

MD - addr.

Meaning

Operation (Call) function block reset; ER = 1: reset of YA enable: EF = 0: freezes YA setpoint value actual value limiting value (absolute) sampling time (in s) maximum pulse time (in s) minimum pulse time (in s) output signal for positive directed actuation output signal for negative directed actuation

1st timer

2nd timer internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (bit) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (word) internal organization data (double word) internal organization data (double word)

3 Configuration

The Function Block can be copied from the source file (PADT or diskette) to the target file of selected PC station (ref. chapter LEERER MERKER).

42 PBM1

20

3.1


The parameterization of PBM1 ensues with assignment of the limiting value, the sampling time and minimum/maximum pulse-width.

TTK determines the sampling time in which the actuating pulses are periodically given out to the controller outputs YP or YN. The actual pulse-width and thereby the averaged proportionality ym of the actuating pulses are dependant on the relation of the input value (system deviation or setpoint) to the limiting value

(OBGR).

Tp =

WE -- XE

OBGR

* TTK ym =

WE -- XE

OBGR

* 100%

If the pulse-width underranges the given value TMIN the controller outputs are turned to low.

If pulse-width overranges the given value TMAX, the pulse-width will be limited to TMAX. Both measures ensure correct opeation between the modulator and the characteristics of a given actuator.

When assigning TMIN = 0 and TMAX = TTK the pulse-width is not restricted this way.

Note To keep the developing controller attributes as close to the determinated parameters the following values should be selected:

Parameter

OBGR

TTK

TMAX

TMIN min

-

0

-

10

20 type max

-

--

< TTK

< TMAX -

-

--

3200 (s)

PBM1 43

3.2




3.3




ER = 1

EF = 0

0.83 ms

0.73 ms

ER = 0, EF = 1 > 1.5 ms (3.45 ms maximum)

3.4


Byte*

Byte


44 PBM1

20

smallest impulse time

Ti

TTK free controller range transient impulse length

Tp

Output signal = 0 when Tp < TMIN

Output signal when

Tp > TMAX

TMAX

Figure 6 Clock grid and pulse-shaping t t

EF = 1

EF = 1 t possible clockgrid t

Output

20

PBM1 45

Tp at VP

-- Xd

TTK

OBGR

T MIN

T MAX

TTK

--Tp at YN

Figure 7 Transfer characteristics

T MIN

T MAX

OBGR

Xd

46 PBM1

20

Part III

Application

20

47

48

20

Chapter 1

Installation Application

This chapter tells you how to copy the applications of the AKF12

Closed Loop Control.

20

Installation Application 49

1.1

Installation of applications

The enclosed diskette contains two applications as example of close loop control using AKF12.

1.1.1

Installation of application HVAC

Application of heating ventilation and air conditioning : ”HVAC”

Use the following procedure with the application:

Step1 Start AKF12 program

Step2 Insert CLC12-diskette in your disk drive (e.g. A:\)

Step3 You are in the Plant, entered during installation of AKF12

(e.g. ”C:\AKF12”)

Step4 Enter in the the AKF12 menu the station ”HVAC” under

”SeTup”, ”PC Station”, ”PC Station Name”

Step5 Select menu ”Special”, ”Copy Files”

Step6 To specify source files type: A:\CLC12\*.* (note A:\ is the name of disk drive in which youve inserted the CLC12 diskette, eventually this drive can be B:\ )

Step7 When entering the return key in the ”Target” line (empty line), the files on the inserted diskette will be copied into the PC station determined with SeTup (CLC12)


(parameter: /V)

Start Copying Files


Target:

Parameter: /V

Now you can take a look at the PC station ”HVAC”.

50 Installation Application

20

1.1.2

Installation of application REACT

Application of a reacting tank in process engineering: ”REACT”

Use the following procedure with the application:

Step1 Start AKF12 program

Step2 Insert CLC12-diskette in your disk drive (e.g. A:\)

Step3 You are in the Plant, entered during installation of AKF12

(e.g. ”C:\AKF12”)

Step4 Enter in the the AKF12 menu the station ”REACT” under

”SeTup”, ”PC Station”, ”PC Station Name”

Step5 Select menu ”Special”, ”Copy Files”

Step6 To specify source files type: A:\CLC12\*.* (note A:\ is the name of disk drive in which youve inserted the CLC12 diskette, eventually this drive can be B:\ )

Step7 When entering the return key in the ”Target” line (empty line), the files on the inserted diskette will be copied into the PC station determined with SeTup (CLC12)


(parameter: /V)

Start Copying Files


Target:

Parameter: /V

Now you can take a look at the PC station ”REACT”. For a better understanding of the operation, in addition with the line comments available in IL mode, please notice the network comments of NW1 in OB and the comments in NW2 of the additional FBs.

20

Installation Application 51

52 Installation Application

20

Chapter 2

Applications

20

Applications 53

Instrumentation and control technology - Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning technology (HVAC)

The application originates from the production automation of chemical plants

(batch process) including the additional building services automation. Open loopand Closed Loop Control is respectively realized using Modicon A120 (ALU 202) central unit with I/O modules placed on basic rack and expansion subrack

(ANSI). The networking to Modicon A350 central controller ensues with Modnet 1/SFB (1N procedure). In addition with visual display processor VIP101 and a directly connected operator panel the arrangement represents an example for central instrumentation and control technology (I&C) used for HVAC. The ”reacting-tank in process engineering” is achieved with the training board Modicon

ET722. The board simulates level and temperature of a reacting tank by combined digital and analogue simulations.

The following application contains only the CLC-part ”HVAC” of the original PC station, because this part may be similar to some other applications in process engineering. The open loop part is too dependant on the handling characteristics of non CLC process appliances (like fans or flaps) or activities (like operating and monitoring of process). The open loop function therefore is only briefly described.

54 Applications

20

DEP

DEP

DEP

DEP

DAP

216

216

216

216

216

01

05

01

216 DAP

KOS2

DNP2

ALU2

204 ADU

02

05

216

216

DNP2

ALU2

DAP

DEP

106 DEA

VIP101

BIK151

Figure 8 Application ”I&C techniques, HVAC techniques”

20

Applications 55

2.1

Open Loop and Temperature Control of a

Ventilation System in HVAC Techniques

The process scheme is represented in Figure 9 and Figure 10. The CLC part described in chapter LEERER MERKER is located in PC station HVAC on the enclosed diskette (please read network comments and hints in NW1 of OB1).

For better understanding of the technology the essential open loop functions for operating the process will be described in the following.

56 Applications

20

Figure 9 HVAC air conditioning

20

Applications 57

Figure 10 HVAC air distribution

58 Applications

20

2.1.1

Open Loop Control

In the automatic mode the system is turned on with ‘I&C-remote’ key, located on the operating and monitoring module MAB64. The following operating modes can be additionally activated from there and from VIP101

I&C Day/On

Supply air fan M1

Exhaust air fan M2

Exhaust air fan M4

Exhaust air fan M11

2nd speed

2nd speed

1st speed

1st speed

Night/Off low fan speed

Supply air fan M1 1st speed

Exhaust air fan M2

Exhaust air fan M4

Exhaust air fan M11

1st speed

OFF

OFF

Remote Control

If EXair fans M4 and M11 are in turned on state (2nd speed) the SUair fan M1 runs with 3rd speed. If EXair fans M4 or M11 and 2 from 4 laboratory tables are activated also the SUair fan M1 is running with 3rd speed. If 3 from 4 laboratory tables are in active state the SUair fan (M1) also runs with 3rd speed. With the

FBs assigned for testing area I and II the corresponding EXair fans M4 and M11 will be changed to 2nd speed.

20

Applications 59

Exhaust Air Fans

The EXair fans (M6/M9) for the solvent boxes (LSM) are continuously operating.

The EXair fan for the adjoining rooms (M12) is turned on by the light switch and turned off with time delay after turning off the light.

The EXair fan for WC and showers is activated by the light switch (with time delay) when using WC or by humidity sensor (hygrostat) when using the shower cabins. When using only one room the fan runs with 1st speed. When using both rooms the EXair fan runs with 2nd speed.

Circulating Pump of Supply Air Heater

The circulating pump M3 is activated when the heater valve is opened and turned off when the heater valve is shut.

Frost Protection

If the outside temperature sinks below the protection value of 5 o C the fans (M1,

M2, M4 and M11) are turned off. In this turned-off mode of the ventilation system the circulating pump is activated without respect to the key positions. The heater valve is opened and the cooler valve is shut.

Filter Maintenance Signal

The differential pressure switches S1 and S4 signalize polluted filters which have to be exchanged if the increasing differential pressure overranges given limits.

V-belt Control

The differential pressure switches S2, S3, S5 and S6 are controlling the differential pressure of the respecting fans. When a V-belt is broken the differential pressure vanishes, the respecting fan is turned off and the ventilation system signalizes a failure in process.

Fire Protecting Flap (FPF)

The Fire protecting flaps are shut by fusible links in the case of fire or fire hazard. The appropriate process units (SUair fans, EXair fans) are turned off.

60 Applications

20

Smoke Ventilation

The appliances for exhausting smoke are installed according to the regulations of the fire department. In this ventilation system the activating of ‘smoke ventilation’ mode sets SUair fan to run with 3rd speed and the EXair fans M2, M4 and

M11 to run with 2nd speed. With manual control ‘Man/On’ at the switchgear cubicle the EXair fans can be turned on if required. The fire protecting flaps have to be opened before activating the smoke ventilation.

Signalling

The operating state of every system unit is displayed by the control module LED:

Ready steady light

Failure - blinking light

If one single system unit has failed the system is turned off automatically (by PC program). The display lamps then turn off and the lamp corresponding to the failured unit starts blinking. After repair the ventilation system has to be turned into

‘automatic’ mode (acknowledge). All failure signals are collected in a special failure module. In this module the unit failures are signalling by blinking LEDs. The failure can be acknowledged with ”Ackn. failure” key. After proceeding in this way the blinking LEDs are turning to a steady light. This light is finally extinquished when the failed unit is repaired or exchanged by a new one.

Manual Control

Every drive (fan, circulating pump) can be activated separately in its different speeds by the corresponding keys of control module.

20

Applications 61

2.1.2

Mixed air temperature control

Application: Ventilation- and air conditioning systems in which...

for save of heating energy the mixed air temperature is kept constant a minimum supply of outside air is to guarantee for save of cooling energy the supply of outside air is to minimize to a given limit.

with change between summer- and winter mode the system has to be controlled by outside- and exhaust air temperature.

Function

The sensors B1, B2 and B3 measure the temperature of the outside air, mixed air and exhaust air. The P-controller (N1) compares the determinated setpoint value with the actual value of mixed air.

In cases of deviation, the actuating signal of P-controller output (N1) changes the flap positions in a way that system deviation can be compensated. The CLC-

FB prevents the underrange of the determinated limiting value, for ensuring a minimum supply of outside air.

Closed Loop Control

Simultaneously with increasing outside air temperature the corresponding outside air flap opens. If the outside air temperature reaches the mixed air temperature setpoint, the outside air flap is opened wide and the mixed air flap is shut.

If the EXair temperature rises above the determined limit, the outside air flap is driven to minimum supply of outside air and the mixed air flap is opened.

In this case for the purpose of energy saving, it is more suitable to use mixed air enthalpy instead of mixed air temperature for control (not realized here).

With this pre-connected mixed air temperature control the influence on the process by disturbing changes in outside air temperature can be efficently compensated. That means the difference between the outside air temperature in summer

62 Applications

20

and the outside air temperature in winter is reduced to the smaller one between the mixed air temperatures. The following SUair system loop thereby is less burdened.

2.1.3

Room Temperature Control

Application

For systems with constant room temperature in winter time and a steadily increasing of room temperature in summer time (as a function of outside air temperature) e.g. bureaus, hotels, administration buildings, schools, theaters, laboratories etc.

Function

Sensor B1 measures the outside air temperature, sensor B3 measures SUair temperature and sensor B4 measures room temperature. The PPI-cascade control unit (N 2) includes the secondary control loop with PI-controller for SUair temperature control, this compensates for most of the disturbances to the system loop. The primary control loop with P-controller for room temperature control determines the setpoint value for the secondary control loop. With an increasing room temperature the setpoint for the SUair control decreases vice versa.

The cascade control unit N 2 compares the given setpoint value with the appropriate actual value. In cases of deviation the controller output (N 2) changes to compensation. The output signal of cascade control unit (N 2) operates sequentially with the actuators of the air heater and air cooler. For the purpose of energy saving and because of physiological reasons the room temperature should be increased relative to the rise of the outside air temperature (DIN 1946, part 2 ref. Figure 11). To accomplish this demand the outside air temperature is applied to control unit N 2. To prevent the possibility of unhealthy draughts the system operation is determined in such a way that the SUair setpoint values are only valid within given limits. The limiting values therefore are set in the control unit.

20

Applications 63

Closed Loop Control Function

With the rise of room temperature the heater valve drives to direction ”Shut” and sequentially the cooler valve drives to direction ”Open”. If room temperature is too low, the cooler valve drives to direction ”Shut” and sequentially the heater valve to direction ”Open”.

oC

26

24

22

22 24 26

Outside air temp.

28

υ a

30 oC 32

Figure 11 Setpoint value for room temperature vs. outside air temperature

The results of loop control operation are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.

Figure 12 shows the reaction of the process where there is a step function change in outside air temperature. This disturbance change has no significance in practice but is done here to evaluate the control quality. Figure 13 shows the settling of the control loop after a system failure. In this test the system air loop itself was opened (EXair temperature = constant). The process settling after reactivation of circulating pump is similar to the settling caused by step change in outside air temperature. The disturbance, however is compensated more quickly because of the cancelled system meshing.

64 Applications

20

TIME:

240.0 s

PER

PARTING

LINE

T_SUPPLY_AIR

→

20 min/partition

T_ROOM

SUP_POS

SUP_NEG

T_SUPPLY_AIR 27.2095

T_ROOM 24.6506

Figure 12 Loop control reaction after abrupt change in outside air temperature

TIME:

240.0 s

PER

PARTING

LINE

T_SUPPLY_AIR

T_ROOM

SUP_POS

SUP_NEG

T_SUPPLY_AIR 20.3987

T_ROOM 22.3079

Figure 13 Settling of control loop after system failure (temporary failure of circulating pump)

20

Applications 65

2.2

Closed Loop Control of a Reacting Tank in Process Engineering

The process scheme is represented in Figure 14. The software described in chapter LEERER MERKER is located in PC station REACT on the enclosed diskette (please note network comments and hints in NW1 of OB1).

2.2.1

Sequence Control and Closed Loop Control

By controlled enabling of every function block, the AKF program realizes batch processing with fixed clock grid (ref. NW comment NW3, FB999 resp. NW2,

FB1). The time sequences are: filling of tank to give setpoint value heating to given setpoint value cooling to fixed setpoint value clearing of tank

On the enabling the level controller the reacting tank starts filling to the given setpoint value. (The actual value is read as analogue value from the input module.) The assigned two-position controllers operate as limit monitors. Disturbances caused by opening of 2nd inlet valve leads to an earlier attainment of the setpoint and to an earlier turn-off of the controller operated valve V2. Overfilling is not compensated for additional emptying of the tank, because the tank contents should not be taken out before the heating and cooling periods are complete. If the setpoint level can not be reached in the given sequence time, the following batch is carried out with a small quantity of product tank level.

After locking the level controller, the three-position temperature controller is activated with its first temperature setpoint value. (The actual value is read as an analog value from input module.) The temperature control is performed as a split-range control for both of the setpoint values. The control inlet valve AV2 of the heating system (here operated binary) is opened together with drain valve

V5 for heating. For cooling the tank the valves V3 and V4 are opened. Hysteresis and dead band of controller are selecting way that there is no need for cool-

66 Applications

20

ing pulses during the heating period and no need for heating pulses during the cooling period. If setpoint temperature can not be reached in a given sequence time, the following batch is carried out with a reduced temperature of the tank contents.

By changing over to the second, internally determined temperature setpoint (in

FB1), the cooling period begins. If the setpoint temperature cannot be reached in the given sequence time, the chemical product is discharged with its temperature reached up to that time.

The time for discharging the tank is calculated in such a way that the complete clearing is guaranteed.

20

Applications 67

PA

H

V1

M

M

3~

V2

T

PB

AV

2

H C

V3

AV1

V4

PC

Figure 14 Reacting tank in process engineering

V5

68 Applications

20

Part IV

Appendix

20

69

70

20

Addresses

24

Addresses 71

Regional Sales Modicon - Addresses of Technical Sales Offices

Regional Sales Offices Addresses

Hamburg Stadthausbrücke 9

2000 Hamburg 36

Kiel

Bremen

Bremerhaven

Berlin

Hannover

Bielefeld

Braunschweig

Dortmund

Münster

Nordhorn

Osnabrück

Siegen

Seekoppelweg 7

2300 Kiel 1

Stresemannstraße 29

2800 Bremen 11

Löningstr. 6

2850 Bremerhaven

Hohenzollerndamm

1000 Berlin 33

Max-Müller-Straße 50-56

3000 Hannover 1

Schillersstraße 44

4800 Bielefeld

Campestraße 7

3300 Braunschweig

Rheinlanddamm

4600 Dortmund 1

Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 7

4400 Münster

Ootmarsumer Weg 8

4460 Nordhorn

Pferdestraße 23

4500 Osnabrück

Sandstraße 173

5900 Siegen 1

Representat.

Blunck

Schultze

Rehfeldt

Freese

Döring

Modersitzki

Schmidt, G.

Nummensen

Meinecke

Rauen

Veltrup

Herforth

Siepker

Rautland

Pötter

Herforth

Helmer

Mertens

Herforth

Langbein

Gerstmann

Mieske

Marquart

Mücke

Döhrmann

Geiss

Lange

Sperling

Döhrmann

Mücke

Mieske

Marquart

Biermann

Engels

Hansen

Herforth

Benighaus

Jerke

Kottenstede

Herforth

Phone No.

(0 40) 34 98-0

(04 31) 6896-0

(04 21) 44 94-0

(04 71) 49 32-0

(030) 8 28-0

(05 11) 63 04-0

(05 11) 63 04-0

(05 11) 63 04-0

(02 31) 12 00-0

(02 51) 53 06-0

(02 31) 12 00-0

(0 59 21) 50 45

(02 31) 12 00-0

(05 41) 5 84 92-0

(02 31) 12 00-0

(02 71) 47 55

(02 31) 12 00-0

-

370

332

272

344

420

288

491

108

116

115

491

-

470

470

227

2947

2942

-

-

-

-

-

470

227

-

-

491

23

28

26

491

-

-

491

Ext.

280

244

233

233

291

72 Addresses

24


Essen Kruppstraße 6

4300 Essen 1

Düsseldorf

Köln

Wiesenstraße 21

4000 Düsseldorf 11

Oskar-Jäger-Straße 125-143

5000 Köln 30

Aachen

Koblenz

Frankfurt

Gießen

Kassel

Grüner Weg 22/24

5100 Aachen 1

Rheinstraße 17

5400 Koblenz 1

Mainzer Landstraße 351-367

6000 Frankfurt 1

Schanzenstraße 1 - 5

6300 Gießen 1

Lilienthalstraße 150

3500 Kassel

Mainz

Mannheim

Karlsruhe

Saarbrücken

Stuttgart

Freiburg

Fischtorplatz 14

6500 Mainz 1

N7, 5 - 6 Kunststraße

6800 Mannheim 1

Neureuter Straße 5/7

7500 Karlsruhe 21

Mainzer Straße 176

6600 Saarbrücken 3

Dornierstraße 7

7030 Böblingen-Hulb

Tullstraße 84

7800 Freiburg 1

Roos

Tödtemann

Trosch

Hadamik

Emmerich

Dünkel

Keilmann

Cramer

Wittemeier

Specht

Müller-Veit

Hensel

Schulz

Lanzet

Jüngling

Reinhard

Braun

Eisele

Göhringer

Heim

Diessl

Liersch

Pfalzgraf

Höhne

Gutmann

Representat.

Vomhof

Fraenz

Jansen

Fr. Kytzia

Appel

Steiner

Henkel

Goebel

Eich

Häring

Fr. Schäfer

Gilleßen

Kamps

Sander

Phone No.

(02 01) 2 44-1

(02 11) 50 80-01

(02 21) 54 91-0

(02 41) 1 08-0

(02 61) 3 94-0

(069) 75 07-0

(06 41) 7 06-0

(05 61) 5 02-0

(0 61 31) 2 06-0

(06 21) 2 97-1

(07 21) 59 69-0

(06 81) 81 03-0

(0 70 31) 66 68-1

(07 61) 51 01-1

221

216

281

229

2820

2823

2825

2828

2824

-

-

238

444

336

393

276

248

210

651

652

214

214

213

236

585

Ext.

642

687

672

616

125

133

227

334

537

465

536

378

364

360

24

Addresses 73


München Arnulfstraße 205

8000 München 19

Augsburg

Kempten

Nürnberg

Würzburg

Regensburg

Bayreuth

Raiffeisenstraße 13

8900 Augsburg 41

Kronenstraße 21

8960 Kempten 1

Muggenhofer Straße 135

8500 Nürnberg 80

Gneisenaustraße 20

8700 Würzburg 1

Bukarester Straße 12

8400 Regensburg 1

Opernstraße 24-26

8580 Bayreuth 2

Representat.

Detzner

Hart

Ulmann

Dups

Rautenstrauß

Demharter

Bestler

Albrecht

Ankenbrand

Dötsch

Will

Mayerhofer

Söder

Balling

Markert

Moldan

Giglberger

Strobel

Phone No.

(089) 13 05-0

(08 21) 79 03-0

(08 31) 2 40 49

(09 11) 3 23-0

(09 31) 7 20 41

(09 41) 79 66-0

(09 21) 88 03-0

-

-

-

-

2630

2650

2520

2520

179

26

Ext.

620

615

289

667

558

-

132

130

74 Addresses

24

Contact Addresses

Publications

AEG Aktiengesellschaft

Automatisierungstechnik

Verkaufsförderung/Werbung

Steinheimer Straße 117

6453 Seligenstadt

Telefon 0 61 82/81-25 60

Training Center


Trainingszentrum

Außenstelle Mauergasse 3

6453 Seligenstadt

Telefon 0 61 82/81-22 68

Repairs



Reparaturabteilung

Steinheimer Straße 117

6453 Seligenstadt

Herr Wombacher,

Telefon 0 61 82/81-22 30

Herr Feid,

Telefon 0 61 82/81-24 03

Service

Central:


Anlagenmontage


Herr Joachim Hirschmann

Goldsteinstraße 238

6000 Frankfurt 71

Telefon 0 69/66 99-2 35

Telexelektron mont 413 705


Anlagenmontage

Herr Karl-Josef Reuter

Goldsteinstraße 238

6000 Frankfurt 71

Telefon 0 69/66 99-2 33

Sales Offices:


Anlagenmontage

Inbetriebsetzung und Service

Stützpunkt Konstanz

Herr Werner Oligmüller

Bückelstraße 1-5

7750 Konstanz

Telefon 0 75 31/86-27 20


Anlagenmontage

Inbetriebsetzung und Service

Stützpunkt Frankfurt

Herr Max Kummer

Lyoner Straße 19

6000 Frankfurt-Niederrad

Telefon 0 69/66 46 78*

0 69/6 69 92 43

0 69/6 69 93 72


Anlagenmontage

Inbetriebnahme und Service

Stützpunkt Stuttgart

Herr Knut Seyerle

Dornierstraße 7

7030 Böblingen-Hulb

Telefon 0 70 31/66 68-203

0 70 31/66 68-201*


Anlagenmontage

Inbetriebnahme und Service

Stützpunkt München

Herr Helmut Serfas

Arnulfstraße 199

8000 München 19

Telefon 0 89/13 05-5 98*

0 89/13 05-5 99


Anlagenmontage

Technischer Dienst

Stützpunkt Berlin

Herr Heinz Rudolf

Hohenzollerndamm 150

1000 Berlin 33

Außendienst Prozeßtechnik

Telefon 0 30/8 28-21 68

0 30/8 28-27 62*



Technischer Dienst

Stützpunkt Hannover

Herr Wilhelm Stömpel


3000 Hannover 1

Telefon 05 11/63 04-4 44



Technischer Dienst

Stützpunkt Hamburg

Herr Jan-Helmut Peters

Holstenkamp 42

2000 Hamburg 54

Telefon 0 40/8 53 95-3 28

0 40/8 53 95-2 49*



Technischer Dienst

Stützpunkt Essen

Herr Horst Lohmann

Teilungsweg 28

4300 Essen 1

Telefon 02 01/31 94-2 02*

Telex elektron essen 875 849



MODICON Europa

Service München

Herr Dieter Schödel

Tegernseer Landstr, 161

8000 München 90

Telefon 089/69777-0

* phone recorder

24

Addresses 75

Technical Offices and Sales Points of AEG in the

Federal Republic of Germanyand Berlin (West)

Aachen

Grüner Weg 22/24

D-5100 Aachen

Tel. (02 41) 1 08-0

Augsburg

Raiffeisenstraße 13

D-8900 Augsburg-Lechhausen

Tel. (08 21) 79 03-130

Bayreuth

Opernstraße 24/26

D-8580 Bayreuth 2

Tel. (09 21) 2 20 21

Berlin

Hohenzollerndamm 150

D-1000 Berlin 33

Tel. (0 30) 8 28-1

Bielefeld

Schillerstraße 44

D-4800 Bielefeld 1

Tel. (05 21) 8 05-0

Braunschweig

Campestraße 7

D-3300 Braunschweig

Tel. (05 31) 70 02-0

Bremen

Stresemannstraße 29

D-2800 Bremen 1

Tel. (04 21) 44 94-0

Bremerhaven

Löningstraße 6

D-2850 Bremerhaven*

Tel. (04 71) 4 93 20

Dortmund

Rheinlanddamm

D-4600 Dortmund 1

Tel. (02 31) 12 00-1

Düsseldorf

Wiesenstraße 21

D-4000 Düsseldorf 11

Tel. (02 11) 50 80-01

Essen

Kruppstraße 6

D-4300 Essen 1

Tel. (02 01) 2 44-1

Frankfurt

Mainzer Landstr. 351-367

D-6000 Frankfurt 1

Tel. (0 69) 75 07-0

Freiburg

Tullastraße 84

D-7800 Freiburg

Tel. (07 61) 51 01-1

Gießen

Schanzenstraße 1-5

D-6300 Gießen

Tel. (06 41) 7 06-212

Hamburg

Stadthausbrücke 9

D-2000 Hamburg 36

Tel. (0 40) 34 98-0

Hannover


D-3000 Hannover 1

Tel. (05 11) 63 04-0

Heilbronn

Weinsberger Straße 18

D-7100 Heilbronn*

Tel. (0 71 31) 6 16-0

Karlsruhe

Neureuther Straße 5-7

D-7500 Karlsruhe 21

Tel. (07 21) 59 69-0

Kassel

Lilienthalstraße 150

D-3500 Kassel-Bettenhausen

Tel. (05 61) 5 02-1

Kempten

Kronenstraße 21

D-8960 Kempten*

Tel. (08 31) 2 40 49

Kiel

Seekoppelweg 7

D-2300 Kiel 1

Tel. (04 31) 68 96-0

Koblenz

Rheinstraße 17

D-5400 Koblenz

Tel. (02 61) 3 94-0

Köln

Oskar-Jäger-Str. 125-143

D-5000 Köln 30

Tel. (02 21) 54 91-0

Mainz

Fischtorplatz 14

D-6500 Mainz 1

Tel. (0 61 31) 2 06-0

Mannheim

N 7, 5-6, Kunststraße

D-6800 Mannheim 1

Tel. (06 21) 2 97-1

München

Arnulfstraße 205

D-8000 München 19

Tel. (0 89) 13 05-0

Münster

Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 7

D-4400 Münster

Tel. (02 51) 53 06-0

Nordhorn

Ootmarsumer Weg 8

D-4460 Nordhorn*

Tel. (0 59 21) 50 45/60 50

Nürnberg

Gutenstetter Straße 12

D-8500 Nürnberg 60

Tel. (09 11) 65 97-0

Osnabrück

Pferdestraße 23

D-4500 Osnabrück*

Tel. (05 41) 5 84 92-0

* Sales Point

76 Addresses

24

Ravensburg

Henri-Dunant-Straße 6

D-7980 Ravensburg*

Tel. (07 51) 95 58

Regensburg

Bukarester Straße 12

D-8400 Regensburg 1

Tel. (09 41) 79 66-0

Saarbrücken

Mainzer Straße 176

D-6600 Saarbrücken 3

Tel. (06 81) 81 03-1

Siegen

Sandstraße 173

D-5900 Siegen 1

Tel. (02 71) 47 55

Böblingen

Dornierstraße 7

D-7030 Böblingen-Hulb

Tel. (0 70 31) 66 68-1

Ulm

Neue Straße 113-115

D-7900 Ulm*

Tel. (07 31) 1 72-0

Wesel

Delogstraße 2

D-4320 Wesel*

Tel. (02 81) 2 50 91

Wilhelmshaven

Zedeliusstraße 28

D-2940 Wilhelmshaven*

Tel. (0 44 21) 3 48 60

Würzburg

Gneisenaustraße 20

D-8700 Würzburg 1

Tel. (09 31) 7 20 41

* Sales Point

24

Addresses 77

Austria

AEG Austria GmbH.

Brünner Str. 52

A-1211 Vienna

Tel. (222) 2 77 11-0

MODICON Handelsgesellschaft mbH.

Brünner Str. 52

A-1211 Vienna

Tel. (222) 2 77 11-65 04

AEG Austria GmbH.

Bildgasse 8-10

A-6851 Dornbirn

Tel. (5572) 6 36 12

Asperngasse 2

A-8020 Graz

Tel. (316) 57 25 70-0

Amraser Str. 118

A-6020 Innsbruck

Tel. (5222) 49 21 50

Rosentalerstraße 189

A-9023 Klagenfurt

Tel. (463) 28 27 00

Bachstr. 75

A-5023 Salzburg

Tel. (662) 7 45 01

Europaplatz 6/2

A-3100 St. Pölten

Tel. (2742) 6 76 46

Rubensstr. 40

A-4050 Traun

Tel. (732) 8 30 31

Belgium

S.A. belge - Belgische N.V. AEG

Rue de Stalle 65

B-1180 Brussels

Tel. (2) 3 70 06 11

S.A. belge - Belgische N.V. AEG


Bisschoppenhoflaan 637

B-2100 Antwerp (Deurne)

Tel. (3) 3 26 01 70

78 Addresses

Subsidiaries, Representatives and MODICON Distributors of AEG in Europe

Czechoslovakia

MEDIA

Strakonicka 510

CS-1500 Prague 5

Tel. (2) 54 53 46...49

Denmark

AEG Dansk Aktieselskab

Roskildevej 8-10

DK-2620 Albertslund

Tel. (42) 64 85 22

Finland

Säköliikkeiden Oy

Sähkömetsä

SF-01301 Vantaa 30

Tel. (0) 83 81

OY E. Sarlin AB

Automation

Kaivokselantie 3-5, Vantaa

SF-00101 Helsinki

Tel. (0) 53 50 22

France

AEG Modicon Automation S.N.C.

Rue Einstein, ZI Vaux le Pénil

F-77015 Melun Cédex

Tel. (1) 64 37 15 10

MODICON France S.A.R.L.

Rue Michael Faraday

F-78180 Montigny Le Bretonneux

Tel. (1) 34 60 61 01

Great Britain

AEG (UK) Ltd.- Eng. Division

Eskdale Road, Berkshire

GB-Winnersh RG 11 5 PF

Tel. (734) 69 83 30

MODICON Electronics Ltd.

6 Beechwood

Chineham Business Park

GB-Basingstoke,

Hants RG 24 OWA

Tel. (256) 84 31 84

Greece

AEG Hellas A.E.

Florinis Str. 15

GR-18346 Moschaton (Athens)

Tel. (1 ) 4 89 21 11

Hungary

MERCATOR S.A.R.L.

Thököly ut 156

H-1145 Budapest, XIV

Tel. (1) 63 03 55

Iceland

Braedurnier Ormsson H/F

Lágmúla 9

IS-108 Reykjavik

Tel. (1) 3 88 20

Ireland

Process Control & Automation

Systems Ltd.

Strawhall Industrial Estate

IRL-Carlow

Tel. (503) 4 23 77

Italy

AEG Italiana S.p.A.

Via Stephenson, 94

I-20157 Milan

Tel. (2) 3 32 12-1

MODICON Italiana S.r.L.

Via Stephenson, 94

I-20157 Milan

Tel. (2) 3 32 12-1

Elettronucleonica S.p.A.

Piazza de Angeli 7

I-20146 Milan

Tel. (2) 49 82 451

Luxembourg

AEG Luxembourg S.à.r.L.

2, Rue Albert Borschette

L-1246 Luxembourg-Kirchberg

Tel. 43 88 81

24

Netherlands

AEG Nederland N.V.

Aletta Jacobslaan 7

NL-1066 BP Amsterdam

Tel. (20) 5 10 59 11

MODICON B.V.

Haarlemmerstraatweg 113

NL-1165 MK Halfweg (N.H.)

Tel. (2907) 70 41

Norway

AEG Norge A/S

Stanseveien 6

N-0902 Oslo 9

Tel. (2) 16 11 11

Solberg & Andersen a/s

Brynsveien 5

N-0611 Oslo 6

Tel. (2) 65 70 00

Poland

UNITEX S.A.

UI. Stawki 2/31

PL-00950 Warsaw

Tel. (22) 39 82 32

Portugal

AEG Portuguesa S.A.

Rua João Saraiva 4/6

P-1799 Lisbon

Tel. (1) 89 11 71

Romania

AEG Liaison Office Bukarest

Str. Sevastopol No.13-17,Ap. 404

RO-78118 Bucharest

Tel. (0) 59 20 22

Soviet Union

AEG Liaison Office Moskow

Pokrovskij Boulevard 4/17

Korpus 3, 1. Etage

SU-101000 Moskow

Tel. (095) 2 08 54 13

Spain

AEG Ibérica de Electricidad S.A.

c/Principe de Vergara, 112

E-28002 Madrid

Tel. (1) 2 62 76 00

Sweden

AEG Svenska AB

Svetsarvägen 6

S-17127 Solna

Tel. (8) 89 85 65

Switzerland

Elektron AG

Riedhofstraße 11

CH-8804 Au ZH

Tel. (1) 7 81 01 11

GSY Industrieautomation AG

Biberiststr. 24

CH-4501 Solothurn

Tel. (65) 21 81 21

Turkey

AEG Genel Elektrik T.A.S.

Yildiz Posta

Irfan Bastúg Cad. No. 1

Timlo Is Hani, Kat. 3-6

TR-80280 Esentepe/Istanbul

Tel. (1) 1 74 58 10...17

Yugoslavia

INTEREXPORT

27. Marta 69/XII

YU-11000 Belgrade

Tel. (11) 62 00 55

24

Addresses 79

80 Addresses

24

From

Company

Name

Street

City

Phone


Fachbereich Automatisierungstechnik

MODICON Europa / Abt. A91 M22

Postfach 1162

D-6453 Seligenstadt

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