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User's Guide SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 DAC8881 Evaluation Module This user’s guide describes the characteristics, operation, and the use of the DAC8881 evaluation module. It covers all pertinent areas involved to properly use this EVM board along with the devices that it supports. The physical PCB layout, schematic diagram, and circuit descriptions are included. 1 2 3 4 5 Contents EVM Overview ............................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Features ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Power Requirements .............................................................................................. 2 1.3 EVM Basic Functions .............................................................................................. 3 PCB Design and Performance ............................................................................................ 4 2.1 PCB Layout ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 EVM Performance ................................................................................................. 8 2.3 Bill of Materials ..................................................................................................... 9 EVM Operation ............................................................................................................ 10 3.1 Factory Default Settings ......................................................................................... 10 3.2 Host Processor Interface ........................................................................................ 11 3.3 Digital Control Interface .......................................................................................... 12 3.4 Analog Output ..................................................................................................... 13 3.5 Jumper Settings .................................................................................................. 14 3.6 Schematics ........................................................................................................ 16 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP ..................................................................................... 16 4.1 Hardware .......................................................................................................... 17 4.2 MMB0 Power Supplies ........................................................................................... 17 4.3 Software – Running DXP ........................................................................................ 18 4.4 DAC Output Update Options .................................................................................... 20 4.5 Data Input Format ................................................................................................ 20 Information ................................................................................................................. 21 5.1 Related Documentation from Texas Instruments ............................................................ 21 5.2 Questions About This or Other Data Converter EVMs? ..................................................... 21 List of Figures 1 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 4 2 Top Silkscreen............................................................................................................... 5 3 Layer 1 (Top Signal Plane) ................................................................................................ 6 4 Layer 2 (Ground Plane) .................................................................................................... 6 5 Layer 3 (Power Plane) 6 Layer 4 (Bottom Signal Plane) ............................................................................................ 7 7 Bottom Silkscreen ........................................................................................................... 8 8 Drill Drawing ................................................................................................................. 8 9 INL and DNL Characteristic Plots ......................................................................................... 9 10 DAC8881 EVM Default Jumper Configuration ......................................................................... 11 11 MMB0 with DAC8881EVM Installed 12 13 ..................................................................................................... .................................................................................... Loading the DAC8881EVM INI file ...................................................................................... DAC8881 – Frequency/Amplitude and GPIO Control Options ...................................................... SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 7 17 19 19 1 EVM Overview www.ti.com 14 DAC Output Update Options ............................................................................................. 20 15 Data Format Options ...................................................................................................... 20 List of Tables 1 1 Parts List ..................................................................................................................... 9 2 Factory Default Jumper Settings ........................................................................................ 10 3 Digital Control Interface Signal Mapping for J2/P2 Header/Socket Connectors .................................. 12 4 Bipolar Output Operation Jumper Settings ............................................................................. 13 5 Gain of Two Output Jumper Settings ................................................................................... 14 6 Capacitive Load Drive Output Jumper Settings ....................................................................... 14 7 Jumper Setting Functions ................................................................................................ 14 8 DXP GPIO Controlled DAC Functions .................................................................................. 19 9 Output Update Features .................................................................................................. 20 EVM Overview This chapter provides a general overview of the DAC8881 evaluation module (EVM) and describes some of the factors that must be considered in using this module. 1.1 Features This EVM features the DAC8881 digital-to-analog converter. The DAC8881 EVM is a simple evaluation module designed for a quick and easy way to evaluate the functionality and performance of the 16-bit high resolution, voltage output, single channel, and serial input DAC. This EVM features a high-speed serial interface of up to 50MHz to communicate with any host microprocessor or DSP-based system. The DAC8881 is designed for unipolar output operation (default mode), but it can also be configured for bipolar output operation with the addition of an external amplifier and some resistors. The option for bipolar mode of operation is included in the EVM with just some minor jumper configuration. A +5V precision voltage reference is provided on-board via U3 (REF02) to supply the necessary external reference voltage to set the DAC8881 output range. The footprint of U3 is compatible with many SO-8 package type reference devices, so the user has the flexibility to select the reference supply to set the output range of the DAC8881 other than what is provided on-board. The family of REF50xx precision reference sources works well with this EVM. In addition, the provision of test points, TP1 and TP8, allows the user to use their own external reference supply. Typically, TP1 (VREFL) should be connected to ground, but it can accept up to ±0.2V if necessary. The test point, TP8 (VREFH), is typically set to +5V, but can accept a minimum of +1.25V and up to a maximum of +5.5V. The voltage reference configuration implemented on this EVM utilizes the Kelvin connection feature of the DAC8881 device. This connection helps minimize the internal errors caused by the changing reference current and its associated circuit impedances. 1.2 Power Requirements The following sections describe the power requirements of this EVM. 1.2.1 Supply Voltage The dc power supply requirement for this DAC8881 EVM (AVDD and DVDD) is selectable between +3.3VA and +5VA via the W1 jumper. The +3.3VA comes from the J6-8 terminal and the +5VA comes from the J6-3 terminal. These power supply voltages are referenced to analog ground through the J6-5 and J6-6 terminals. The logic voltage, IOVDD, is selectable between +1.8VD, +3.3VD, and +5VD via the J3 jumper. VCC and VSS range from +15V to –15V maximum and connect through the J6-1 and J6-2 terminals respectively. All analog power supplies are referenced to analog ground through the J6-5 and J6-6 terminals. 2 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated EVM Overview www.ti.com CAUTION To avoid potential damage to the EVM board, make sure the correct cables are connected to their respective terminals as labeled on the EVM board. Stresses above the maximum listed voltage ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. 1.2.2 Reference Voltage The DAC8881 requires an external reference source to set the DAC operating voltage output range. Applying the desired voltage in the range of 1.25V to AVDD to the VREFH pin sets the positive range of the DAC8881 output. Applying the desired voltage in the range of –0.2V to +0.2V to the VREFL pin sets the negative range of the DAC8881 output, although the VREFL pin should nominally be set to 0V. The voltages applied to the VREFH and VREFL pins set the DAC8881 full output voltage swing. For optimum performance, the DAC8881 supports a set Kelvin connection to the external reference via the VREFHF and VREFHS pins as well as VREFLF and VREFLS pins. This optional reference configuration minimizes internal errors caused by the changing reference current and its associated circuit impedances. A +5V precision voltage reference is provided for the external reference source of the DAC through REF02, U3. The power supply for the reference device, U3, is selectable between VCC and +5VA via the W11 jumper to ensure that the correct voltage range of U3 can be set. As mentioned earlier, a device from the family of REF50xx reference devices can be easily selected and the one installed on the EVM can be replaced to provide the desired voltage range that is required for evaluation of the DAC8881. The reference voltages, VREFH and VREFL, are selectable via jumpers W8 and W4. When shorting pins 1 and 2 of both jumpers, the on-board +5V reference via U3 is selected. Shorting pins 2 and 3 of both jumpers selects the reference voltages that are applied via J4 pins 18 and 20 respectively. These voltages normally come from the host platform that is interfaced with the DAC8881EVM. The test points TP1 and TP8 are also provided to allow the user to connect another external reference source if the on-board reference circuit is not desired. The external voltage reference should not exceed the applied power supplies (AVDD and DVDD) of the DAC under test. CAUTION When applying an external voltage reference through TP8 or J4-20, make sure that it does not exceed the applied AVDD. Otherwise, this can permanently damage the DAC8881, U1, device under test. 1.3 EVM Basic Functions This EVM is designed primarily as a functional evaluation platform to test certain functional characteristics of the DAC8881 digital-to-analog converter. Functional evaluation of the installed DAC device can be accomplished with the use of any microprocessor, DSP, or signal/waveform generator. The headers J2 (top side) and P2 (bottom side) are pass-through connectors provided to allow the control signals and data required to interface a host processor or waveform generator to the DAC8881 EVM using a custom built cable. An adapter interface card (5-6k adapter interface card) is also available to fit and mate with TI’s C5000 and C6000 DSP Starter Kit (DSK). This card alleviates the problems involved in building a custom cable. In addition, the Precision Analog Application group of Texas Instruments has other interface boards that are designed to connect to and interface with this EVM as well. For more details or information regarding the 5-6k adapter interface board or the other interface platforms, call Texas Instruments Inc. or send an email to [email protected]. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 3 PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com The DAC output can be monitored through pins 2 and 6 of the J4 header connector. The DAC output can be switched through the W2 jumper for stacking the EVM for daisy-chaining purposes. A block diagram of the EVM is shown in the Figure 1. VCC VSS VCC + 5 VA W11 REF5050 OPA277 W8 TP2 U4A W4 + 5 VA + 3.3 VA W1 TP8 U4B IOVDD VREFH VCC GND VSS GND VDD ±5 VA +3 .3 VA +3 .3 VD +1 .8 VD (J6) (P 6) (J3) VREFL CS FS TP1 TP3 U2 VREFL VREFH AVDDDVDDIOVDD (J4) (P4) (W9) (W3) (W12) VOUT DAC Module RFB DGND AGND W5 (J2) (P 2) (W 6) (W 10 ) SDI SDO SCLK LDAC RST VSS Figure 1. Block Diagram 2 PCB Design and Performance This chapter describes the layout design of the PCB, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the EVM, and the EVM test performance procedure performed. The list of components on this evaluation module is also included in this section. 2.1 PCB Layout The DAC8881 EVM is designed to preserve the performance quality of the DAC, device under test, as specified in the datasheet. Carefully analyzing the physical restrictions of the EVM and the given or known elements that contribute to performance degradation of the EVM is key to a successful design implementation. These obvious attributes that diminish the performance of the EVM can be addressed during the schematic design phase by selecting appropriate components and building a correct circuit. The circuit should include adequate bypassing, identifying and managing analog and digital signals, and knowing or understanding the mechanical attributes of the components. The critical part of the design is the layout process. The main concern is primarily the placement of components and the proper routing of signals. The bypass capacitors should be placed as close as possible to the pins, and the analog and digital signals should be properly separated from each other. The power and ground plane is very important and should be carefully considered in the layout process. A solid plane is ideally preferred but sometimes impractical, so when a solid plane is not possible, a split plane is an acceptable alternative. When considering a split plane design, analyze component placement and carefully split the board into its analog and digital sections starting from the device under test. The ground plane plays an important role in controlling noise and other effects that otherwise contribute to the error of the DAC output. To ensure that the return currents are handled properly, route the appropriate signals only in their respective sections, meaning the analog traces should only lay directly above or below the analog section and the digital traces in the digital section. Minimize the length of the traces but use the largest possible trace width allowable in the design. These design practices can be seen in the following figures. 4 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com The DAC8881 EVM board is constructed on a four-layer printed circuit board using a copper-clad FR-4 laminate material. The printed circuit board has dimensions of 43,1800 mm (1.7000 inch) × 82,5500 mm (3.2500 inch), and the board thickness is 1,5748 mm (0.062 inch). Figure 2 through Figure 8 show the individual artwork layers. Figure 2. Top Silkscreen Figure 3. Layer 1 (Top Signal Plane) SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 5 PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com Figure 4. Layer 2 (Ground Plane) Figure 5. Layer 3 (Power Plane) 6 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com Figure 6. Layer 4 (Bottom Signal Plane) Figure 7. Bottom Silkscreen SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 7 PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com Figure 8. Drill Drawing 2.2 EVM Performance The EVM performance test is performed using a high density DAC bench test board, an Agilent 3458A digital multimeter, and a PC running LabVIEW software. The EVM board is tested for all codes of 65535, and the device under test (DUT) is allowed to settle for 1ms before the meter is read. This process is repeated for all codes to generate the measurements for INL and DNL. Figure 9 shows the INL and DNL characteristic plots. 8 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated PCB Design and Performance www.ti.com Figure 9. INL and DNL Characteristic Plots 2.3 Bill of Materials Table 1. Parts List Item Qty. 1 1 N/A Designators Printed wiring board Description Texas Instruments Manufacturer 6489896 2 3 C8 C12 C14 1000 pF, 0805, ceramic cap, COG, 50V, 5% TDK C2012C0G1H102J 3 3 C5 C11 C16 10 μF, 1210, ceramic cap, X7R, 16V TDK C3225B63X7R1C106Z 4 7 C1 C2 C3 C4 C7 C15 C17 0.1 μF, 0805, ceramic cap, X7R, 50V, 10% TDK C2012X7R1H104K 5 2 C9 C10 1 μF, 0805, ceramic cap, X7R, 16V, 10% TDK C3216X7R1C105K 6 2 C6 C13 2200 pF, 0805 ceramic cap, COG, 50V, 5% TDK C2012C0G1H222J 7 1 J1 7 × 2 × 2mm terminal strip Samtec TMM-107-01-T-D 8 1 J3 3 × 2 × 2mm terminal strip Samtec TMM-103-01-T-D SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Mfg. Part Number DAC8881 Evaluation Module 9 EVM Operation www.ti.com Table 1. Parts List (continued) Item Qty. 9 2 J2 J4 (Top Side) (1) 10 pin, dual row, TH header (20 pos.) Samtec TSM-110-01-T-DV-P 10 1 J6 (Top Side) (1) 5 pin, dual row, TH header (10 pos.) Samtec TSM-105-01-T-DV-P 11 2 P2 P4 (Bottom Side) (1) 10 pin, dual row, TH header (20 pos.) Samtec SSW-110-22-F-D-VS-K 12 1 P6 (Bottom Side) (1) 5 pin, dual row, TH header (10 pos.) Samtec SSW-105-22-F-D-VS-K 13 1 R13 Resistor, 100 Ω, 0603, 1/4 W Yageo America 9C06031A1000JLHFT 14 6 R1 R2 R3 R4 R8 R20 Resistor, 0 Ω, 0603 Yageo America 9C06031A0R00JLHFT 15 2 R23 R26 Resistor, 49.9 Ω 1/10W 1% 0603 SMD Panasonic ERJ-3EKF49R9V 16 2 R21 R24 Resistor, 2 kΩ, 0603, Yageo America 9C06031A2001JLHFT 17 1 R9 Resistor, 20 kΩ, 32X4W Bourns 3214W-1-203E 18 10 R6 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 Resistor, 10 kΩ, 0603 Yageo America 9C06031A1002JLHFT 19 1 R22 Resistor, 95.3 Ω, 0603 SMD Panasonic ERJ-3EKF95R3V 20 8 TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 TP7 TP8 Test point turret Mill-Max 2348-2-00-01-00-00-070 21 1 U1 16-bit, buffered voltage output DAC Texas Instruments DAC8881SRGET 22 1 U2 High precision op-amp Texas Instruments OPA211AIDR 23 1 U3 5V precision voltage reference Texas Instruments REF5050AID 24 1 U4 High precision dual op-amp Texas Instruments OPA2277UA 25 1 U5 High precision, op-amp Texas Instruments OPA277UA 26 10 W1 W2 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 3 pin mini header W9 W10 W11 Samtec TMMH-103-01-T-T 27 2 W3 W12 2 pin mini header Samtec TMMH-102-01-T-T 28 10 Shunt 2mm shunt – black Samtec 2SN-BK-G 29 0 R5 R7 R25 (2) DNP – – 30 1 Shunt 0.100 shunt – black Samtec SNT-100-BK-T (1) (2) Designators Description Manufacturer Mfg. Part Number P2, P4, and P6 parts are not shown in the schematic diagram. All P designated parts are installed on the bottom side of the PC board opposite the J designated counterpart. Example, J2 is installed on the top side while P2 is installed on the bottom side opposite of J2. Do NOT install the following: R5, R7, and R25. 3 EVM Operation This chapter describes in detail the operation of the EVM to provide guidance to the user in evaluating the on-board DAC and how to interface the EVM to a specific host processor. Refer to the DAC8881 data sheet, (SBAS422) for information about its serial interface and other related topics. The EVM board is factory tested and configured to operate in the unipolar output mode. 3.1 Factory Default Settings The EVM board is set to its default configuration from the factory to operate in unipolar +5V mode of operation as described in Table 2. Figure 10 shows the default jumper configuration as described in Table 2 for the DAC8881. Table 2. Factory Default Jumper Settings 10 Reference Jumper Position W1 1-2 The +5VA is used for AVDD and DVDD to power the analog and digital supplies of the DAC8881. W2 1-2 Routes VOUT of the DAC8881 to J4-2 for analog output monitoring. W3 OPEN W4 2-3 DAC8881 Evaluation Module Function Disconnects VREFH from the inverting input of U2 for other output mode of configuration. Connects the VREFL pin of the DAC8881 to ground. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated EVM Operation www.ti.com Table 2. Factory Default Jumper Settings (continued) Reference Jumper Position W5 1-2 Negative supply rail of the output op-amp, U2, is powered by VSS for bipolar operation. W6 2-3 FS signal from J2-7 is routed to drive the CS signal of the DAC8881. W7 OPEN W8 1-2 Routes the on-board +5V voltage reference, VREFH for the DAC. W9 1-2 Routes VOUT and RFB from J4-2 and J4-4 (if they are shunted) to the non-inverting input of U2 op-amp. W10 OPEN Function Leave this jumper open since R1 is installed. This is the default mode of the EVM from the factory. LDAC signal of the DAC8881 is tied to ground for synchronous update of the DAC8881 output. W11 1-2 W12 OPEN Routes VCC to power the analog supply of the U3 reference device. J1 1-2 LDAC signal of the DAC8881 is tied to ground for synchronous DAC update operation. J2 1-2 The VOUT pin of the DAC8881 is connected to the noninverting input of the op-amp, U2. J3 5-6 IOVDD of the DAC8881 is powered with +3.3VD. J4 1-2 The VOUT pin of the DAC8881 is connected to the noninverting input of the op-amp, U2. Disconnects the inverting input of U2 from R12 gain resistor for other output mode of configuration. Figure 10. DAC8881 EVM Default Jumper Configuration 3.2 Host Processor Interface The host processor basically drives the DAC, so the DACs proper operation depends on the successful configuration between the host processor and the EVM board. In addition, properly written code is also required to operate the DAC. A custom cable can be made specifically for the user selected host interface platform. The EVM interfaces to the host processor through the J2 header connector for the serial control signals and the serial data input. An interface adapter card is also available for a specific TI DSP starter kit as well as other interface platforms designed by the Precision Analog Applications group of Texas Instruments, as mentioned in chapter 1 of this manual. Using the interface card alleviates the tedious task of building a customized cable and allows easy configuration of a simple evaluation system. The DAC8881 interfaces with any host processor capable of handling SPI protocols or a popular TI DSP. For more information regarding the DAC8881 data interface, refer to the data sheet (SBAS422). SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 11 EVM Operation 3.3 www.ti.com Digital Control Interface The DAC8881 supports the standard high-speed SPI™ serial interface to communicate with microprocessors or DSP devices. The EVM incorporates pass-through connectors to accommodate the digital control interface to the DAC8881 device via the J2 (top side) and P2 (bottom side) header/socket connectors. The signals of these pass-through connectors are listed in Table 3. Table 3. Digital Control Interface Signal Mapping for J2/P2 Header/Socket Connectors Pin Number 3.3.1 Signal Function J2.1/P2.1 CS Primary synchronization and device enable input for the DAC8881. Host microcontroller STE signal for SPI interface. J2.3/P2.3 SCLK Serial interface clock. J2.5/P2.5 CLKR Unused. J2.7/P2.7 FS Secondary synchronization and device enable input for the DAC8881. Host microcontroller STE signal for SPI interface or FS signal from DSP host system. J2.9/P2.9 FSR Unused. J2.11 SDO Serial data output. P2.11 SDI Serial data input. J2.13/P2.13 DR Unused. J2.15/P2.15 LDAC1 GPIO signal to control LDAC for DAC output latch update. J2.17/P2.17 LDAC2 Alternate GPIO signal to control LDAC for DAC output latch update. J2.19/P2.19 RST GPIO signal to control RST for DAC reset function. J2.2/P2.2 PDN GPIO signal to control PDN for hardware powerdown. J2.4/P2.4 J2.10/P2.10 J2.18/P2.18 GND Signal ground. J2.6/P2.6 J2.8/P2.8 J2.12/P2.12 J2.14/P2.14 J2.16/P2.16 J2.20/P2.20 GPIOs Unused. CS or FS Signal The CS and FS signals of the EVM are interchangeable and the signal used depends on the host controller that is selected to communicate with the DAC8881EVM. Either signal can be chosen to drive the DAC8881 chip select (CS) pin. The basic function of the CS and FS signals is to drive the CS pin of the DAC8881 to enable the device communication port and to synchronize the data input into the device immediately following its high-to-low transition. This signal must be held low while the host processor is accessing the DAC. The low-to-high transition of this signal transfers the contents of the serial shift register to the DAC input register. 3.3.2 SCLK Signal The SCLK signal is the clock necessary to load the serial data input into the DAC serial shift register. The serial clock rate can operate at speeds up to 50MHz. The 16-bit data is shifted out of the bus master synchronously on the falling edge of SCLK and latched on the rising edge of SCLK into the DAC serial shift register. The most significant bit (MSB) is the first bit that is output to the DAC. After 16-bits are transferred or 16 SCLK cycles are generated, the bus master takes the CS signal high immediately. If the CS signal is held low and more than 16 SCLK cycles are applied, the last SCLK cycle is considered the location of the least significant bit (LSB) of the 16-bit word that is loaded into the DAC serial shift register. Hence, the user must know the data word alignment with respect to SCLK or else the data input can become corrupted. If this happens, simply reload the DAC latch with the new 16-bit word. 12 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated EVM Operation www.ti.com 3.3.3 SDI Signal The SDI signal is the serial data input that is loaded into the DAC serial shift register with respect to SCLK. 3.3.4 LDAC Signal The LDAC signal is the control input signal necessary to load the DAC register with the contents of the input register. This signal is active low and can be triggered synchronously or asynchronously. 3.3.5 RST Signal The RST signal is the control input necessary to reset the device to a known state determined by the state of the RSTSEL pin when the RST pin is asserted. If RSTSEL is tied to DGND, the DAC latch is cleared (0V) and VOUT is minimum scale (i.e., VREFL). If RSTSEL is tied to VDD, the DAC latch is set to mid-scale and VOUT is equal to (VREFH – VREFL)/2. This pin is active low. 3.3.6 PDN Signal The PDN signal is the control input provided for the hardware power-down function of the device. This signal is active high, so when the PDN pin is driven high, the device goes into power-down mode, which reduces its power consumption. The DAC8881 voltage output pin is connected to ground through an internal 10kΩ resistor while in power-down mode. 3.4 Analog Output The DAC8881 voltage output is buffered internally and offers a force and sense output configuration to allow the loop around the output amplifier to be closed as close to the load as possible. The EVM closes this loop by default with R1 installed. So if there is a need to close the loop at the load, R1 must be removed and jumpers W2 and W7 used to connect VOUT and RFB to the connector J4. The selected pins of the J4 connector, as dictated by the jumper positions of the W2 and W7 jumpers, can then be connected to the load to close the loop. The EVM includes an external operational amplifier, U2, as an option for other output signal conditioning circuitry for the DAC output. Although the buffered output of the DAC8881 can be monitored through J4 pin 2, the optional external buffer output (if the DAC output is connected to it) can be monitored through the TP3 test point. The external op-amp, U2, is set to the unity gain configuration by default to maintain the DAC8881 unipolar output mode of operation. But it can be modified by simple jumper settings to achieve other modes of operation. The following sections describe the different configurations of the output amplifier, U2. 3.4.1 Bipolar Output Operation Using the external VREFH to offset the DAC output and extend the range of operation to achieve a bipolar mode of operation is possible by configuring the output op-amp, U2, properly. This configuration is described in Table 4. Table 4. Bipolar Output Operation Jumper Settings Reference Jumper Setting W9 1-2 Connects DAC output (VOUT1) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. 2-3 Connects DAC output (VOUT2) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. W3 CLOSE W5 1-2 W12 OPEN Function Connects VREFH to the inverting input of the op-amp, U2. Supplies power (VSS) to the negative rail of the op-amp, U2, for a wider range of operation. Disconnects negative input of the op-amp from the gain resistor, R12. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 13 EVM Operation 3.4.2 www.ti.com Output Gain of Two Operation The jumper settings in Table 5 configure the EVM to operate with an output gain of two. Table 5. Gain of Two Output Jumper Settings 3.4.3 Reference Jumper Setting W9 1-2 Connects DAC output (VOUT1) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. Function 2-3 Connects DAC output (VOUT2) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. W3 OPEN W5 1-2 W12 CLOSE Disconnects VREFH to the inverting input of the op-amp, U2. Supplies power (VSS) to the negative rail of the op-amp, U2, for a wider range of operation. Connects the negative input of the op-amp, U2, to the gain resistor, R12. Capacitive Load Drive Another output configuration option is to drive a wide range of capacitive loads. However, all op-amps under certain conditions may become unstable depending on the op-amp configuration, gain, and load value. These are just few factors that can affect op-amp stability performance and should be considered during implementation. In unity gain, the OPA627 op-amp, U2, performs very well with very large capacitive loads. Increasing the gain enhances the ability of the amplifier to drive even more capacitance and by adding a load resistor even improves the capacitive load drive capability. Table 6 shows the jumper setting configuration for a capacitive load drive. Table 6. Capacitive Load Drive Output Jumper Settings 3.5 Reference Jumper Setting W9 1-2 Connects DAC output (VOUT1) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. 2-3 Connects DAC output (VOUT2) to the non-inverting input of the output op-amp, U2. W3 OPEN W5 1-2 W12 CLOSE Function Disconnects VREFH to the inverting input of the op-amp, U2. Supplies power (VSS) to the negative rail of the op-amp, U2, for a wider range of operation. Connects the negative input of the op-amp, U2, to the gain resistor, R12. Jumper Settings Table 7 shows the function of each specific jumper setting of the EVM. Table 7. Jumper Setting Functions Reference Jumper Setting 1 Function 3 Routes +5VA for AVDD and DVDD to power the analog and digital supplies of the DAC8881. W1 1 3 Routes +3.3VA for AVDD and DVDD to power the analog and digital supplies of the DAC8881. 1 3 Routes VOUT to J4-2. W2 1 3 Routes VOUT to J4-6. 14 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated EVM Operation www.ti.com Table 7. Jumper Setting Functions (continued) Reference Jumper Setting Function Connects VREFH to the inverting input of U2 for the DAC8881 bipolar mode of operation. W3 Disconnects VREFH from the inverting input of U2 to allow another output mode of configuration. 1 3 Routes the reference voltage from J4 pin 18 for the VREFL pin of the DAC8881 W4 1 3 Connects the VREFL pin of the DAC8881 to ground. 1 3 Negative supply rail of the output op-amp, U2, is powered by VSS for bipolar operation. W5 1 3 Negative supply rail of the output op-amp, U2, is tied to AGND for unipolar operation. 1 3 CS signal from J2-1 is routed to drive the CS signal of the DAC8881. W6 1 3 FS signal from J2-7 is routed to drive the CS signal of the DAC8881. 1 3 1 3 W7 Routes the reference feedback, RFB, pin of the DAC8881 to J4 pin 4 to provide the option to close the output op-amp, U2, loop as close as possible to the load. Leave this jumper open if R1 is installed. This is the default mode of the EVM from the factory. 1 3 1 3 Routes the reference feedback, RFB, pin of the DAC8881 to J4 pin 8 to provide the option to close the output op-amp, U2, loop as close as possible to the load. Routes the on-board +5V voltage reference, VREFH, for the DAC. 1 3 1 3 W8 Disconnects the on-board or external positive voltage reference, VREFH, for the DAC via U5A or J1 pin 20. Allows user reference voltage to connect via TP1. Routes the external positive voltage reference, VREFH, for the DAC via J1 pin 20. 1 3 Routes VOUT and RFB from J4-2 and J4-4 to the non-inverting input of the U2 op-amp. W9 1 3 Routes VOUT and RFB from J4-6 and J4-8 to the non-inverting input of the U2 op-amp. 1 3 LDAC1 signal from J2-15 is routed to drive the LDAC signal of the DAC8881. 1 3 1 3 W10 The LDAC signal of the DAC8881 is tied to ground for synchronous update of the DAC8881 output. LDAC2 signal from J2-17 is routed to drive the LDAC signal of the DAC8881. 1 3 Routes VCC to power the analog supply of the U3 reference device. W11 1 3 Routes +5VA to power the analog supply of the U3 reference device. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 15 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP www.ti.com Table 7. Jumper Setting Functions (continued) Reference Jumper Setting Function Connects the inverting input of U2 to the R12 gain resistor for DAC8881 2x gain of operation. W12 Disconnects the inverting input of U2 from the R12 gain resistor to allow another output mode of configuration. 2 8 14 1 7 13 2 4 8 14 1 3 7 13 J1 2 6 14 1 5 13 2 8 14 1 7 13 2 10 14 1 9 13 2 8 12 1 7 11 2 8 14 1 7 13 If jumper is installed on pins 1 and 2, the LDAC signal of the DAC8881 is tied to ground for synchronous DAC update operation. If jumper is installed on pins 3 and 4, the RSTSEL pin of the DAC8881 is tied to ground so the DAC output is at 0V upon power up or a reset to the device is issued. If jumper is installed on pins 5 and 6, the GAIN pin of the DAC8881 is tied to IOVDD so that the DAC output is set with a gain of two output. If jumper is installed on pins 7 and 8, the USB/BTC pin of the DAC8881 is tied to ground so that the DAC input data format is set for twos complement format. If jumper is installed on pins 9 and 10, the RST pin of the DAC8881 is tied to ground so that the DAC is forced into hardware reset mode. If jumper is installed on pins 11 and 12, the PDN pin of the DAC8881 is tied to IOVDD so that the DAC is forced into power-down status. If jumper is installed on pins 13 and 14, the SDOSEL pin of the DAC8881 is tied to ground so that the DAC device can be operated in daisy-chain mode. 2 4 6 DAC8881 IOVDD is powered with +5VD. 1 3 5 2 4 6 J3 DAC8881 IOVDD is powered with +1.8VD. 1 3 5 2 4 6 DAC8881 IOVDD is powered with +3.3VD. 1 3 5 Legend: 3.6 Indicates the corresponding pins that are shorted or closed. Schematics The DAC8881 evaluation module schematic appears on the following page. 4 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP The DAC8881EVM is compatible with the DAC eXerciser Program (DXP) from Texas Instruments. DXP is a tool that can generate the necessary control signals required to output various signals and waveforms from the DAC8881EVM. The DAC8881EVM-PDK kit combines the DAC8881EVM board with the DSP based modular motherboard MMB0. The kit includes the DXP software for evaluation using any available USB port on a Windows XP based computer. DXP is a program for controlling the digital input signals such as the clock, LDAC, /CS and SDI. Wave tables are built into the DSP software to allow Sine, Ramp, Triangle, and Square wave signals to be generated by the DAC8881. Straight DC outputs can also be obtained. The DAC8881EVM-PDK is controlled by loading a DAC EVM configuration into the MMB0. For complete information about installing and configuring DXP, see the DXP User's Guide (SBAU146), available for download from the TI web site. 16 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated 1 2 3 4 5 6 Revision History REV ECN Number 1 A IOVDD +5VA Approved First Proto Release Production Release JLP JLP +3.3VA W1 W6 AVDD C17 D R10 10K TP6 SDO Do not populate R5, R7, & R25 R11 10K R17 10K R16 10K R15 10K C15 C16 10µF 0.1µF D C1 0.1µF 0.1µF TP7 SDI C5 10µF VCC C9 W10 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 GPIO1 GPIO2 R2 R3 R4 GPIO3 GPIO4 SCL dcs dsclk dsdi 0 0 0 19 1 2 dsdosel 20 dsdo 24 SDA R20 0 17 drstsel 14 Serial Header dusb/btc 16 18 dldac 3 22 CS SCLK CLKR FS FSR SDI DR LDAC1 LDAC2 RST 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P2 C GPIO1 GPIO2 DVDD IOVDD CS SCLK SDI SDOSEL SDO AVDD U2_+IN R1 0 avrefhs 7 VOUT VOUT1 RFB1 VOUT2 W2 RFB2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 10 VREFL avrefls 6 W3 J4 11 VREFH 3 U2 0 15 again GAIN USB/BTC VREFLS PDN TP1 LDAC TP2 DGND R8 8 9 VOUT RFB VREFHS RST RSTSEL W9 5 12 13 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 U2_-IN R13 TP3 VOUT 100 OPA627AU OPA211 2 R14 10K VSS W5 C10 OUTPUT HEADER RFB 4 AGND W7 1µF DAC8881 J1 U2_OUT 6 5 R25 DNP 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 1 R7 DNP U1 PDN 4 R5 DNP 7 1µF J2 CS SCLK CLKR FS FSR SDO DR LDAC1 LDAC2 RST C R6 10K C12 GPIO3 GPIO4 SCL R18 10K R19 10K 1nF W12 SDA Serial Header Bottom +REFin R12 10K VCC TP8 EXTERNAL REFERENCE C2 +5VA TP4 W11 1 B 8 0.1µF VCC W8 VCC C7 50 4 7 C8 8 REF02AU(8) REF5045ID 3 6 3 1 U5 3 1000pF R22 96K C6 6 2200pF 2 C4 0.1µF OPA277 4 GND TRIM OUT V+ TEMP NC NC NC 4 C3 VREFH OPA2277UA U3 C11 10µF R23 1 2 0.1µF 5 2 8 7 B 3 2K R9 20K 2 U4A R21 VSS 0.1µF +3.3VD+1.8VD +5VA VCC VSS -5VA +3.3VA VDD J6 1 3 5 7 9 TP1 U4B 5 R26 7 6 3 A TP5 TP2 VREFL 50 C14 OPA2277UA W4 R24 2K 1000pF C13 5 3 1 1 DAC8881EVM BOM = 6489895 DAC8881EVM PWB = 6489896 DAC8881EVM DDB (BLOCK) = 6489897 DAC8881EVM PCA = 6489898 DAC8881EVM KIT (BLOCK) = 6489899 2200pF IOVDD J3 VCC = +15V Analog AVDD = +2.7V to +5.5V Analog Title: VSS = 0V to -15V Analog 6 4 2 -REFin EDGE Numbers: 2 4 6 8 10 Engineer: J. PARGUIAN Drawn By: J. PARGUIAN FILE: 1 2 3 4 5 DAC8881 Rev A.Sch ti 12500 TI Boulevard. Dallas, Texas 75243 DAC8881 EVM DOCUMENTCONTROL # DATE: A 1-Apr-2008 6489897 SIZE: 6 SHEET: REV: 1 OF: A 1 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP www.ti.com This section covers the specific operation of the DAC8881EVM-PDK. Throughout this document, the abbreviation EVM and the term evaluation module are synonymous with the DAC8881EVM. 4.1 Hardware The hardware consists of two main components, the first is the DAC8881EVM itself and the other is a modular motherboard called the MMB0. The MMB0 board houses a TMS320VC5507 DSP which controls the DAC8881 serial interface. The hardware needs to be configured such that the DAC8881EVM is plugged onto the MMB0 aligning female connectors P4, P2 and P6 (bottom side of the DAC8881EVM) with male connectors J4, J7 and J5 on the MMB0. Please exercise caution when assembling the boards as it is possible to misalign the connectors. DO NOT connect the MMB0 to your PC before installing the DXP software as described in the DXP User’s Guide! Installing the software will ensure the necessary drivers are properly loaded to run the hardware. Figure 11. MMB0 with DAC8881EVM Installed 4.2 MMB0 Power Supplies Several power connections are required for the hardware to work properly. For the MMB0, the supplied 6V AC/DC converter is all that is necessary. Please ensure J12 on the MMB0 board is closed before connecting the AC/DC adapter to the DC In connector of the MMB0. This supply will provide all power to the digital portion of the DAC8881EVM as well as all necessary power for the DSP. Analog power for the DAC8881EVM must be supplied externally via J14 – a 6 position screw terminal mounted in the lower left corner of the MMB0 board. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 17 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP www.ti.com CAUTION When using external power supplies applied to J14 on the MMB0, please ensure all shorting blocks from J13 are completely removed. Permanent damage to the MMB0 may occur otherwise. From left to right, the J14 screw terminal connections are –VA, +VA, +5VA, –5VA, +5VD and GND. The DAC8881 board has power requirements as described in section 1.2 of this manual. The analog power for Vss (–VA) and Vcc (+VA) as well as +5VA may be applied directly to the screw terminals at J14 on the MMB0 (referenced to the GND terminal). Connect the MMB0 power supply to DC IN connector (J2) on the MMB0. Connect all other analog supplies as necessary to J14 on the MMB0. 4.3 Software – Running DXP Install DXP on a laptop or personal computer running Windows XP as per the detailed instruction in the DXP Users Guide (TI Document SBAU146). Run the DXP program by clicking on the DXP icon on your desktop, or by browsing to your installation directory. Before you can generate signals with DXP, a DAC EVM configuration file must be loaded. To load a configuration file, select the desired DAC from the configuration list under the DAC menu. Choose the DAC configuration file for the DAC8881 EVM as shown in Figure 12. Figure 12. Loading the DAC8881EVM INI file 18 DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP www.ti.com The DXP software defaults to output a 1 kHz sine wave from the DAC, other waveform options include Square, Saw tooth, Triangle and DC output options as described in the DXP Users Guide. GPIO options are available on the DAC8881EVM which will activate either the RESET or Power down functions of the DAC8881. These are shown below in the right side of the screen labeled GPIO-controlled DAC Functions and described in Table 8. Table 8. DXP GPIO Controlled DAC Functions Function Detailed Description Reset Pressing the reset button will cause the button to turn ACTIVE and places logic low on pin 17 of the DAC8881. To use this function, please ensure no jumpers are placed on J1 pins 9-10. When the RST pin is low, the device is in hardware reset mode, and the input register and DAC latch are set to the value defined by the RSTSEL pin (refer to the DAC8881EVM Schematic; J1, pins 3-4). Pressing reset a second time returns the RST function to its inactive state. The device is in normal operating mode, and the input register and DAC output will maintain the reset value until new data are written. Power Down Pressing the Power-down button will cause the button to turn ACTIVE and places logic high on pin 18 of the DAC8881. To use this function, please ensure no jumpers are placed on J1 pins 11–12. Figure 13. DAC8881 – Frequency/Amplitude and GPIO Control Options SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 19 Using the DAC8881EVM with DXP 4.4 www.ti.com DAC Output Update Options The DXP software also allows the user to choose several DAC output update options. These are shown in Figure 14. Figure 14. DAC Output Update Options Details on these options are shown in Table 9. Table 9. Output Update Features Options Detailed Description Frame Sync The DXP software defaults to Frame Sync. In this mode, the LDAC pin is held low and the DAC latch is transparent. The DAC output changes to the corresponding level simultaneously when the DAC latch is updated. Place a shunt jumper on J1 covering pins 1-2. W10 should be open. Latch with DSP Timer Jumper W10 on the EVM controls LDAC selection. In this configuration, a timer function on the MMB0 applies a pulse to the LDAC pin and the output of the DAC8881 is updated synchronously with the falling edge of the applied pulse. Remove the shunt jumper from J1 pins 1-2 and place it on W10 pins 2-3 to use this feature. Latch with External Timer Update Rate 4.5 Jumper W10, when moved to pins 1-2, routes the LDAC input to pin 15 of J2. This feature allows the user to apply an LDAC input from an external source. In this mode, J2 pin 15 provides an interrupt to the DSP on the MMB0 which transfers data from the serial interface to the DAC8881. The LDAC input requirements must be in accordance with the Timing Characteristics and voltage level inputs found in the device datasheet. User Input – enter the desired DAC update rate, 1MSPS is the default. Data Input Format The data input format can be configured for either straight binary or binary two’s compliment as shown in Figure 15. Figure 15. Data Format Options Options Two's Complement Straight Binary 20 Detailed Description To provide the DAC8881 with two's complement data, the user must install a jumper on J1 pins 7-8. This grounds the USB/BTC input pin of the DAC8881. Default state of both DXP and the EVM. In this mode, straight binary data is supplied through the DXP software to the DAC8881. Ensure there is not jumper loaded at J1 pins 7-8 to use this feature. DAC8881 Evaluation Module SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Information www.ti.com 5 Information 5.1 Related Documentation from Texas Instruments To obtain a copy of any of the following TI documents, call the Texas Instruments Literature Response Center at (800) 477–8924 or the Product Information Center (PIC) at (972) 644–5580. When ordering, identify this manual by its title and literature number. Updated documents also can be obtained through the TI Web site at www.ti.com. Data Sheets: DAC8881 REF02 REF5050 REF5045 OPA211 OPA627 OPA277 OPA2277 OPA227 5.2 Literature Number: SBAS422 SBVS003 SBOS410 SBOS410 SBVS058 SBOS165 SBOS079 SBOS079 SBOS110 Questions About This or Other Data Converter EVMs? If you have questions about this or other Texas Instruments data converter evaluation modules, send an e-mail to the Data Converter Application Team at [email protected]. Include in the subject heading the product with which you have questions or concerns. SLAU257A – September 2008 – Revised November 2009 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8881 Evaluation Module 21 Evaluation Board/Kit Important Notice Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions: This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. Persons handling the product(s) must have electronics training and observe good engineering practice standards. As such, the goods being provided are not intended to be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including product safety and environmental measures typically found in end products that incorporate such semiconductor components or circuit boards. This evaluation board/kit does not fall within the scope of the European Union directives regarding electromagnetic compatibility, restricted substances (RoHS), recycling (WEEE), FCC, CE or UL, and therefore may not meet the technical requirements of these directives or other related directives. Should this evaluation board/kit not meet the specifications indicated in the User’s Guide, the board/kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. TI currently deals with a variety of customers for products, and therefore our arrangement with the user is not exclusive. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or services described herein. Please read the User’s Guide and, specifically, the Warnings and Restrictions notice in the User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For additional information on TI’s environmental and/or safety programs, please contact the TI application engineer or visit www.ti.com/esh. No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any machine, process, or combination in which such TI products or services might be or are used. FCC Warning This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. It generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been tested for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in other environments may cause interference with radio communications, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct this interference. EVM Warnings and Restrictions It is important to operate this EVM within the input voltage range of 2.7 V to 5 V and the output voltage range of -5 V to +5 V . Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI field representative prior to connecting the input power. Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the EVM User's Guide prior to connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification, please contact a TI field representative. During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than 30°C. The EVM is designed to operate properly with certain components above 85°C as long as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These types of devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the EVM User's Guide. When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware that these devices may be very warm to the touch. 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