STMicroelectronics STM86312 Datasheet
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General features
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Many display modes (11 segments & 11 digits to 16 segments & 4 digits)
Key scanning (6 x 4 matrix)
Dimming circuit (eight steps)
High-voltage output (V
DD
– 35V max)
LED ports (4 chs, 20mA max)
General purpose input port (4 bits)
No external resistor necessary for driver output
(P-channel open drain + pull down resistor output)
Serial interface (CLK, STB, D
IN
, D
OUT
)
STM86312
1/4 to 1/11-duty VFD controller/driver
PQFP44
Description
The STM86312 is a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent
Display) controller/driver that is driven on a 1/4 to
1/11-duty factor. It consists of 11-segments output lines, 6 grid output lines, 5 segments/grid output drive lines, a display memory, a control circuit, and a key scan circuit. Serial data are input to the
STM86312 through a three-line serial interface.
This VFD controller/driver is ideal as a peripheral device for a single-chip microcomputer.
Order codes
Part number
STM86312
Temperature range
-40 to 85 °C
March 2006 Rev 2
Package
PQFP44
Tube
Tray
1/24
www.st.com
24
Contents
Contents
STM86312
Recommended operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Display RAM address and display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Display mode setting command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Address setting command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Display control command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Serial communication format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2/24
STM86312
Figure 1.
Block diagram
Block diagram
3/24
Pin settings
Figure 2.
Pin connection
STM86312
4/24
STM86312 Pin settings
2.2 Pin
Table 1. Pin description
Pin N°
1, 2, 3, 4
Symbol
SW1, SW2,
SW3, SW4
Name and function
General-purpose switch inputs.
5
6
D
OUT
D
IN
Output serial data at falling edge of the shift clock, starting from lower bit. This is N-ch open-drain output pin.
Input serial data at rising edge of the shift clock, starting from lower bit.
8
9
CLK
STB
Reads serial data at rising edge, and outputs data at falling edge.
Initializes serial interface at rising or falling edge to make
STM86312 waiting for reception of command. Data input after
STB has fallen are processed as a command. While command data are processed, current processing is stopped, and the serial interface is initialized. While STB is high, CLK is ignored.
10, 11, 12, 13
14, 38
KEY1, KEY2,
KEY3, KEY4
V
DD
SEG1/KS1 to
SEG6/KS6
Input data to these pins are latched at end of the display cycle.
5V ± 10%.
15, 16, 17,
18, 19, 20
21, 22, 23,
24, 25
26, 28, 29,
30, 31
SEG7 to SEG11
Segment output pins (Dual function as key source).
Segment output pins.
SEG12/GRID11 to
SEG16/GRID7
These pins are selectable for segment or grid driving.
32, 33, 34,
35, 36, 37
GRID1 to GRID6 Grid output pins.
39, 40, 41, 42 LED1 to LED4 CMOS outputs. +20 mA max.
7, 43
27
44
V
SS
V
EE
OSC
Connect this pin to system GND.
Pull-down level. V
DD
- 35V max.
Connect to an external resistor.
5/24
Maximum rating STM86312
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the Operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE
Program and other relevant quality documents.
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter
V
DD
V
EE
V
I
V
O2
I
O1
Logic Supply Voltage
Driver Supply Voltage
Logic Input Voltage
VFD Driver Output Voltage
LED Driver Output Current
I
O2
T
A
VFD Driver Output Current
Operating Ambient Temperature
Value
-0.5 to 7
V
DD
+0.5 to V
DD
-40
-0.5 to V
DD
+0.5
V
EE
-0.5 to V
DD
+0.5
25
-40 (Grid)
-15 (Segment)
-40 to 85 mA
°C
Unit
V
V
V
V mA
Table 3. Thermal data
Symbol Parameter Value
R thJC
Thermal Resistance Junction-case 56
Unit
°C/W
Table 4. Recommended operating conditions
Symbol Parameter
Logic Supply Voltage V
DD
V
IH
V
IL
V
EE
High Level Input Voltage
Low Level Input Voltage
Driver Supply Voltage
4.5
0.7xV
DD
0
0
5 5.5
V
DD
0.3xV
DD
V
DD
-35
V
V
V
V
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STM86312 Maximum rating
Maximum power consumption P
MAX
= VFD driver dissipation + R
L
dissipation + LED driver dissipation + dynamic power consumption.
Where segment current = 3 mA, grid current = 15 mA, and LED current = 20 mA,
VFD driver dissipation = number of segments x 6 + number of grids/(number of grids + 1) x
30 (mW)
R
L
dissipation = (V
DD
- V
EE
)
2
/50 x (segment + 1) (mW)
LED driver dissipation = number of LEDs x 20 (mW)
Dynamic power consumption = V
DD
x 5 (mW)
Example
Where V
EE
= -25 V, V
DD
= 5 V, and in 16-segment and 6-digit modes,
VFD driver dissipation = 16 x 6 + 6/7 x 30 = 122
R
L
dissipation = 30
2
/50 x 17 = 306
LED driver dissipation = 4 x 20 = 80
Dynamic power consumption = 5 x 5 = 25
Total 553 mW.
7/24
Electrical characteristics STM86312
8/24
Table 5. Electrical characteristics (V
DD
= 4.5 to 5.5V, V
SS
= 0V, V to 70°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T
A
= 25°C)
EE
= V
DD
- 35V, T
A
= -20
Value
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
V V
OH1
V
OL1
V
OL2
I
OH21
I
OH22
High Level Output Voltage LED1-LED4, I
OH1
=-1mA 0.9V
DD
Low Level Output Voltage LED1-LED4, I
OL1
=20mA
Low Level Output Voltage D
OUT
, I
OL2
= 4mA
High Level Output Current V
O
= V
DD
- 2V, Seg1 to
Seg11
High Level Output Current V
O
= V
DD
- 2V, Grid1 to
Grid6,
Seg12/Grid11 to
Seg16/Grid7
-3
-15
1
0.4
V
V mA mA
I
OLEAK
R
L
Driver Leakage Current V
O
= V
DD
- 35V, driver off
Driver Output 50 100
-10
150
µ
A k
Ω
Output Pull-Down
Resistor
Input Current V
I
= V
DD or V
SS
±1 µA I
I
V
IH
V
IL
V
HYS
I
DDdyn
High Level Input Voltage
Low Level Input Voltage
Hysteresis Voltage
Dynamic Current
Consumption
CLK, D
IN
, STB
Under no load, display off
0.7V
DD
0.35
0.3V
DD
5
V
V
V mA
Table 6. Switching characteristics (V
DD
= 4.5 to 5.5V, V
SS
= 0V, V to 70°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T
A
= 25°C)
EE
= V
DD
- 35V, T
A
= -20
Value
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
t
PLZ t
PZL
Propagation Delay CLK
R
L
→
D
OUT
= 10 k
Ω
, C
L
= 15 pF
300
100 ns t
TZH1 t
TZH2
Rise Time C
L
= 300 pF
Seg1 to Seg11
Grid1 to Grid6,
Seg12/Grid11 to
Seg16/Grid7
2
0.5
µs t
THZ f
MAX
Fall Time C
L
= 300 pF, Segn, Gridn
Duty = 50% 1
120 µs
MHz
C
I
Maximum Clock
Frequency
Input Capacitance 15 pF
STM86312
Note:
Electrical characteristics
Table 7. Timing Characteristics (V
DD
= 4.5 to 5.5V, T
A
= -20 to 70°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T
A
= 25°C)
Value
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
400 ns PW
CLK
PW
STB t
SETUP t
HOLD
Clock Pulse Width
Strobe Pulse Width
Data Setup Time
Data Hold Time t
CLK-STB
Clock-Strobe Time t
WAIT
Wait Time (Note 1)
CLK
↑→
STB
↑
CLK
↑→
CLK
↓
1
100
100
1
1
µs ns ns
µs
µs
Refer to page Serial Communication Format.
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Display RAM address and display mode
5 Display RAM address and display mode
STM86312
The display RAM stores the data transmitted from an external device to the STM86312 through the serial interface; addresses are as follows, in 8-bits unit:
RAM stores addresses
Seg1 Seg4 Seg8 Seg12 Seg16
00 H
L
02 H
L
04 H
L
06 H
L
08 H
L
0A H
L
0C H
L
0E H
L
10 H
L
12 H
L
14 H
L
00 H
U
02 H
U
04 H
U
06 H
U
08 H
U
0A H
U
0C H
U
0E H
U
10 H
U
12 H
U
14 H
U
01 H
L
03 H
L
05 H
L
07 H
L
09 H
L
0B H
L
0D H
L
0F H
L
11 H
L
13 H
L
15 H
L
01 H
U
03 H
U
05 H
U
07 H
U
09 H
U
0B H
U
0D H
U
0F H
U
11 H
U
13 H
U
15 H
U
DIG1
DIG2
DIG3
DIG4
DIG5
DIG6
DIG7
DIG8
DIG9
DIG10
DIG11
Note:
b0 b3
XX H
L
b4 b7
XX H
U
"0" in memory means V
EE
on output; "1" in memory means V
DD
on output.
The key matrix is of 6 x 4 configuration, as shown below
Figure 3.
Key matrix and key-input data storage RAM
10/24
STM86312 Display RAM address and display mode
The data of each key are stored as illustrated below, and are read by the appropriate read command, starting from the least significant bit
KEY1 KEY4 KEY1 KEY4
Seg1/KS1
Seg3/KS3
Seg2/KS2
Seg4KS4
Seg5/KS5 Seg6/KS6 b0 b3 b4 b7
Ø
11/24
LED port STM86312
Data are written to the LED port by a write command, starting from the least significant bit of the port. When a bit of this port is 0, the corresponding LED lights; when the bit is 1, the LED goes off. The data of bits 5 through 8 are ignored.
Figure 4.
LED port
MSB LSB
b3 b2 b1 b0
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED4
Don’t Care
On power application, all the LEDs remain dark.
12/24
STM86312 SW data
The SW data are read by the appropriate read command, starting from the least significant bit. Bits 5 through 8 of the SW data are 0.
Figure 5.
SW data
MSB LSB
0 0 0 0 b3 b2 b1 b0
SW1
SW2
SW3
SW4
13/24
Commands
8 Commands
STM86312
A command sets the display mode and status of the VFD driver.
The first 1 byte input to the STM86312 through the D
IN
pin after the STB pin has fallen is regarded as a command. If STB is set high while commands/data are transmitted, serial communication is initialized, and the commands/data being transmitted are invalid
(however, the commands/data already transmitted remain valid).
8.1 Display mode setting command
This command initializes the STM86312 and selects the number of segments and number of grids (1/4 to 1/11 duty, 11 segments to 16 segments).
When this command is executed, display is forcibly turned off, and key scanning is also stopped. To resume display, the display ON command must be executed. If the same mode is selected, however, nothing is performed.
Figure 6.
Display mode settings
MSB
0 0 b2 b1
LSB b0
Display mode setting
000 : 4 digits, 16 segments
001 : 5 digits, 16 segments
010 : 6 digits, 16 segments
011 : 7 digits, 15 segments
100 : 8 digits, 14 segments
101 : 9 digits, 13 segments
110 : 10 digits, 12 segments
111 : 11 digits, 11 segments
Don’t Care
On power application, the 11-digit 11-segment mode is selected.
14/24
STM86312
8.2 Data setting command
This command sets data write and data read modes.
Figure 7.
Data setting command
MSB
0 1 0 b2 b1
LSB b0
Commands
8.3
Data write and read mode setting
00 : Write data to display memory
01 : Write data to LED port
10 : Read key data
11 : Read SW data
ADDRESS INCREMENT MODE
SETTING (DISPLAY MEMORY)
0= Increments address after data has been written
1= Fixed address
Don’t Care
On power application, the normal operation mode and address increment mode are set.
Do not use STM86312 in test mode.
Address setting command
This command sets an address of the display memory
Figure 8.
Address setting command
MSB LSB
1 1 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Address (00H-15H)
Don’t Care
If address 16H or higher is set, the data are ignored, until a correct address is set.
On power application, the address is set to 00H.
15/24
Commands
8.4 Display control command
Figure 9.
Display control command
MSB
1 0 b3 b2 b1
LSB b0
STM86312
Note:
Display mode setting
000 : Set Pulse Width to 1/16
001 : Set Pulse Width to 2/16
010 : Set Pulse Width to 4/16
011 : Set Pulse Width to 10/16
100 : Set Pulse Width to 11/16
101 : Set Pulse Width to 12/16
110 : Set Pulse Width to 13/16
111 : Set Pulse Width to 14/16
TURNS ON/OFF DISPLAY
0= Display OFF
(Key Scan Continues note)
1= Display ON
Don’t Care
On power application, the 1/16-pulse width is set and the display is turned off.
On power application, key scanning is stopped.
Figure 10. Key scanning and display timing
Note: * The value can be modified by trimmering R
OSC
.
One cycle of key scanning consists of one frame, and data of 6 x 4 matrices are stored in
RAM.
16/24
STM86312
Figure 11. Reception (command/data write)
Serial communication format
Figure 12. Transmission (data read)
Note:
Because the D
OUT
pin is an N-ch open-drain output pin, be sure to connect an external pullup resistor to this pin (1 k
Ω
to 10 k
Ω
).
*: When data are read, a wait time t
WAIT
of 1µs is necessary within the rising edge of the eighth clock that has set the command and the falling one of the first clock that has read the data.
17/24
Serial communication format
Figure 13. Switching characteristics waveform
STM86312
18/24
STM86312
10 Application
Figure 14. Updating display memory by incrementing address
Application
Command 1: sets display mode
Command 2: sets data
Command 3: sets address
Data 1 to n: transfers display data (22 bytes max.)
Command 4: controls display
Figure 15. Updating specific address
Command 1: sets data
Command 2: sets address
Data: display data
19/24
Application
Figure 16. Application circuit
STM86312
Note: R
OSC
= 47k
Ω
for oscillator resistor
1 R1=1~10 k
Ω
for external pull-high resistor
2 R2~R5 = 750
Ω
~1.2 k
Ω
3 R6~R9 = 10k
Ω
for external pull-low resistor
4 D1~D6 = 1N4001
5 Ef = Filament voltage for VFD.
20/24
STM86312 Mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect . The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com
21/24
Mechanical data
DIM.
E1
E3 e
L
D
D1
D3
E
L1
K
A
A1
A2 b c
STM86312
MIN.
1.80
0.29
0.11
0.73
0°
13.2
10.00
8.00
13.2
10.00
8.00
0.80
0.88
1.6
3.5°
PQFP44 MECHANICAL DATA
mm.
TYP MIN.
2.00
MAX.
2.45
0.25
2.20
0.45
0.23
0.071
0.011
0.004
1.03
7°
0.029
0°
inch
TYP.
0.079
0.520
0.394
0.315
0.520
0.394
0.315
0.031
0.035
0.063
3.5°
MAX.
0.096
0.010
0.087
0.018
0.009
0.041
7°
0076922/D
22/24
STM86312
Table 8. Revision history
Date Revision
27-May-2004
27-Mar-2006
1
2
First Release
New Temp, few changes
Changes
Revision history
23/24
STM86312
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