Application description. STMicroelectronics STSW-ST25001
STMicroelectronics STSW-ST25001 is a versatile tool that helps you unlock the potential of ST25 NFC / RFID Tags and ST25 Dynamic NFC tags. With this software, you can explore various functionalities like reading and writing tag memory, managing tag security settings, and configuring tag areas. Additionally, it enables you to perform data transfer, utilize the tag's counter feature, and even activate electronic article surveillance. Unleash your creativity and explore endless possibilities with STSW-ST25001!
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User manual
ST25 Android™ NFC tap application
Introduction
This document describes the functionalities of the ST25 Android™ NFC tap application, helping the user to understand the application features and how to use them.
The ST25 Android™ NFC tap application is linked to the STSW-ST25001 and
STSW-ST25002 software categories, and operates with products belonging to the
ST25 NFC / RFID Tags and ST25 Dynamic NFC tags.
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1
Contents
Contents
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List of acronyms and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
NDEF editor operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Registers management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Change password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
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Contents
Pulse-width modulation configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Pulse-width modulation control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Demonstrations use cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
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List of figures
List of figures
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screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
®
screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
®
LE screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
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List of acronyms and definitions
1 List of acronyms and definitions
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AAR : Android™ Application Record
BLE : Bluetooth ® Low Energy
CC : Capability container
DAR : Display aspect ratio
FW : Firmware
I 2 C : Inter-integrated circuit
IEC : International Electro-technical Commission
ISO : International Organization for Standardization
ISO/IEC 14443 : Proximity standard
ISO/IEC 15693 : Vicinity standard
NDEF : NFC data exchange format
NFC : Near field communication
NFC Forum : Association of industry actors promoting the NFC technology
PWD : Password
PWM : Pulse-width modulation
RF : Radio frequency
Tag : PICC in form of a patch, key fob or any similar device, without own power source and not generating RF electromagnetic field, capable of communicating with a reader / writer
PICC (VICC) : Proximity (vicinity) IC card: a technology subset, defined in ISO/IEC standards for cards, with a defined set of commands
URI : Unified resource identifier
URL : Unified resource locator
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2 Overview
Overview
2.1 Prerequisites
Note:
The prerequisites to run the Android™ application are:
an Android™ mobile phone or reader with NFC enabled
minimum Android version: API level 15 corresponding to Android™ 4.0.4
(Ice Cream
Sandwich)
The ST25 Android™ NFC tap application is available on:
ST site: www.st.com
Google play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.st.st25nfc
Pictures used within this document illustrate the various application features. They are based on version 1.0.0 of the application. Some discrepancies may be noticed between this documentation and the application itself.
Figure 1. ST25 Android™ NFC tap application overview
Note: For more details regarding ST25 devices, refer to their corresponding datasheets (available on www.st.com
).
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Thanks to the ST25 Android™ NFC tap application the user can manage the following
STMicroelectronics products:
Tags:
– ST25TN series NFC Tags
– ST25TV series NFC Tags
– ST25TA series NFC/RFID Tags
– LRI EEPROM tags
Dynamic tags:
– ST25DV-I2C series Dynamic NFC Tags
– ST25DV-PWM series Dynamic NFC Tags
– M24SR series Dynamic NFC Tags
– M24LR series Dynamic NFC Tags
The application supports the ISO14443 protocol to communicate with NFC tags (ST25TA and ST25TN series) and Dynamic NFC tags (M24SR series), and the ISO15693 protocol to communicate with NFC tags (ST25TV and LRI series) and Dynamic NFC tags
(ST25DV-I2C, ST25DV-PWM and M24LR series).
The ST25 Android™ NFC tap application demonstrates the following product features:
Read / Write NDEF message, NFC forum compliant example
– Text, URI, SMS, Email, VCard, AAR, Wi-Fi
®
, Bluetooth
®
Tag information retrieval (CC file, System file (a) )
Tools functionalities (counters and GPO control according to tag)
(a)
Password management (password authentication, tag Read Only/Write Only) (a)
Energy harvesting
(a)
Specific use cases usually implemented to work with STMicroelectronics Discovery boards and kits (a)
a. For ST products
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The application is composed of the following main activities:
Welcome screen (refer to Section 3.1
)
NDEF editor screen (refer to Section 3.3
)
Tag detail screen (refer to Section 3.2
) with a series of tabs dedicated to main features:
– Tag info (refer to
–
– CC file (refer to
)
– SYSTEM file (refer to
)
–
Memory dump (refer to Section 3.2.5
Drawer menu allowing access to tag available features
– NFC forum:
Tag info, NDEF editor (refer to
), and CC file
– Tag features (refer mostly to
):
System file, memory dump, register management, areas management, areas content editor, areas security status, mailbox management, data transfer, counter, tamper detection, Lock block, Untraceable mode, Kill tag and Electronic article surveillance.
–
Tag demonstrations (refer to Section 5 ):
Stopwatch transfer, firmware update and picture transfer
The following sections describe the main activities and associated functionalities or demonstration use cases included in each tab.
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Application description UM2131
Note:
When the application is started, the welcome screen is displayed (see
user to “tap” a tag.
When the tag has been discovered, and depending on the product discovered, sections including tabs become available or not.
If NFC is not enabled, a message is displayed inviting to use the NFC configuration menu.
Figure 2. Welcome screen
If a tag is tapped, the application starts the tag detail activity (refer to
).
The drawer menu is updated according to tag and features. Demonstrations, if any, can be started from drawer menus.
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UM2131 Application description
This activity is started when a tag is discovered. Available screen and tabs are shown in
Figure 3 . Tab availabilities depend on the product discovered.
Figure 3. Tag detail
The following subsections describe the main features of each tab.
TAG INFO: Provides information dealing with the tag (Manufacturer, Memory size, and
UID among others)
NDEF: Displays the content of the NDEF, if any, according to the application implemented ones. Refers to the NDEF editor section for available list and screens.
CC FILE: Provides CC file information if any
SYSTEM FILE: Provides System file information if any (ST products)
MEMORY DUMP: Provides ways to Write/Read memory or dump/fill memory to/from file
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Application description UM2131
Provides information related to the tag such as the manufacturer, the memory size or the
.
Figure 4. Tag info screen
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3.2.2 NDEF
The NDEF tab displays the content of the NDEF, if any decoded, according to the application implemented ones as shown in
Available lists and screens are detailed in
Figure 5. NDEF screen
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Application description
Provides CC file information (if any), as shown in Figure 6
.
Figure 6. CC file screen
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Provides information retrieved from the System file and more (registers, counter) associated
with the product discovered. as shown in Figure 7
.
Figure 7. System file screen
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Application description UM2131
for details about the possibilities provided by this activity. The memory
dump screen is shown in Figure 8
.
Figure 8. Memory dump screen
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3.3.1
The NDEF editor screen enables to create, build, and modify NDEF messages containing one or more records.
NDEF editor access
The NDEF editor can be started from the following main screens:
Drawer > NDEF editor in the NFC forum menu group for NFC related topics related to
Area 1
Drawer > Areas Content Editor for tag full features in case of multiple areas available on the tag. This feature first presents the tag areas for selection, then the NDEF editor for the edition of functionalities.
Figure 9 shows NDEF editor access screens.
Figure 9. NDEF editor access screens
3.3.2 NDEF editor operations
The NDEF editor screen enables to read the NDEF content of an NFC tag or write an NDEF message (made of one or more NDEF records) into it. The NDEF editor screen displays all the NDEF records present in the tag.
As shown in
, the user can:
Click on an NDEF record to view its content and edit it using the pencil icon, or delete it using the recycle bin icon
Click on the bottom-right ‘+’ button to add an NDEF record, to be selected among all possible types.
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Application description
Figure 10. NDEF edition
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When a click on a disk pictogram is performed as shown in
, the built message is written on the tag as an NDEF message that can contain multiple records.
Figure 11. Discover an NDEF multi record
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UM2131 Application description
This section describes the main available NDEF records that can be used to compose an
NDEF message within the NDEF editor activity.
TEXT
Displays NDEF TEXT edition fields and enables to write a text NDEF message, as shown in
.
Figure 12. NDEF TEXT screen
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Application description UM2131
URI
Displays NDEF URI edition fields and enables to write a URI NDEF message, as shown in
.
Figure 13. NDEF URI screens
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Contact
Displays NDEF VCard edition fields and enables to write a VCard NDEF message, as
Figure 14. NDEF VCard screen
Options:
GetContact button to get a contact from the phone list and initiate all fields from the selected contact
Capture from camera
Export photo check box used to include the image into the NDEF message
A slider is available under the picture to adjust the image size to fit within the tag available size
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Application description
AAR
Displays NDEF AAR edition fields and enables to write an AAR NDEF message.
Figure 15. NDEF AAR screen
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The selection of an installed application helps to retrieve the AAR message from an already installed application .
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Wi-Fi
®
Displays NDEF Wi-Fi ® edition fields and enables to write a Wi-Fi ® NDEF message.
Figure 16. NDEF Wi-Fi ® screen
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Application description UM2131
Bluetooth
®
Displays NDEF Bluetooth ® edition fields and enables to write a Bluetooth ® NDEF message.
Figure 17. NDEF Bluetooth ® screen
SMS
Displays NDEF SMS edition fields and enables to write an SMS NDEF message.
Figure 18. NDEF SMS screen
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Displays NDEF Email edition fields and enables to write an email NDEF message.
Figure 19. NDEF Email screen
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Bluetooth
®
Low Energy
Displays NDEF Bluetooth ® Low Energy edition fields and enables to write a BLE NDEF
message, as shown in Figure 20 .
Figure 20. NDEF Bluetooth ® LE screen
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4 Tag main features
Tag main features
This section describes the tag main features that can be reached from the
Drawer > <Tag name> features menu. Examples for various tags are shown in
.
Figure 21. Tag features access examples
The memory features illustrated in
provide ways of reading or writing to tag memory with the possibility to store or restore memory content to or from a file.
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The read memory feature enables to dump a number of bytes from the memory starting at a given address. Read memory screen examples are shown in
Figure 22. Read memory screens
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UM2131 Tag main features
The write memory feature enables to write a given value to the memory at a given address.
A write memory screen example is shown in
.
Figure 23. Write memory screen
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The dump memory feature enables to write to a given file a number of bytes from the memory starting at a given address. A dump memory screen example is shown in
.
Figure 24. Dump memory screen
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The fill memory feature enables to write the content of a given file to the memory starting at a given address. A fill memory screen example is shown in
Figure 25. Fill memory screen
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Tag main features UM2131
This section illustrates the way to configure tag registers if any. The configuration of tag registers is tag-implementation specific including:
Display of registers values
Change of registers values
Refresh of registers values
Tag update and write of values to tag
Registers management examples are shown in
Figure 26. Registers management screens
The configuration protection screen is specific to some tags like ST25DV-I2C and ST25TV.
The configuration password is needed each time the user wants to change a configuration register.
This screen can be used for:
The presentation of the configuration password
Changing the configuration password
Permanently locking the configuration. In that case, it is not be possible anymore to change any register through RF.
Note: it is still possible to unlock the products with an I 2
ST25DV-I2C tags, through their I 2 C interface.
C interface, like the
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Figure 27. Configuration protection screen
Tag main features
This section illustrates the way to configure the tag memory with areas. This configuration is tag-dependent and tag-implementation specific.
Areas management example screens are shown in
Figure 28. Areas management screens
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Tag main features
4.5 Areas security status
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This section and its sub-sections illustrate the way to configure the tag areas security status, usually composed of a password and R/W permission. The configuration of tag areas security status is tag-dependent and tag-implementation specific including:
Change of area password
Change of area R/W permission
Password presentation
Password change
The area security status main screen is shown in Figure 29 .
Figure 29. Area security status screen
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shows a tag area password configuration example.
Figure 30. Area password screen
Tag main features
shows a tag R/W attributes configuration example.
Figure 31. R/W permissions screens
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Tag main features
shows a tag password presentation example.
Figure 32. Present password screens
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illustrates how to change tag passwords.
Figure 33. Change password screens
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UM2131 Tag main features
This section illustrates the way to configure the tag mailbox. The configuration of the tag mailbox is specific to the tag and possible for ST25DV-I2C products only. The main configuration items are listed below.
Mailbox field status
Refresh status
Mailbox reset
Mailbox enable
The mailbox management screen is shown in
.
Figure 34. Mailbox management screen
Note:
The Fast Transfer Mode basic demonstration illustrates the data transfer features of
ST25DV-I2C products. This demonstration is dedicated to the ST25DV-I2C tag and requires a specific firmware driving the TAG through I 2 C on a Discovery board. The firmware reads and/or writes the data to transfer.
Refer to ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware for details. The Mailbox must be enabled first through firmware or RF (refer to the mailbox management features introduced in
).
The data transfer features are:
Send data to tag
Receive data from tag
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Tag main features
Data transfer is observable by means of:
A progression bar displayed during the transfer
A stopwatch counter displayed and triggered by actions
shows examples of data transfer screens.
Figure 35. Data transfer screens
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4.8 Counter
Some tags (like ST25TA02K and ST25TV) have their counter incremented when the user reads from, or writes to their memory, with slight differences (tag-dependent).
Depending on the features of the tag, the counter configuration screen allows:
Activating the counter
Displaying the current value of the counter
Locking the counter
Resetting the counter
Selecting if the counter is incremented by read or write operations
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UM2131 Tag main features
shows the counter configuration screens for an ST25TV tag as well as for an
ST25TA02K tag.
Figure 36. Counter configuration screens
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Tag main features UM2131
The tamper detection feature is specific to ST25TV tags.
Each time the ST25TV tag is powered on, it checks if there is a closed loop between pins
TD0 and TD1. This feature can be used to check if a good, for example a bottle, has been opened (tampered).
shows the tamper detect screens for an ST25TV tag with the corresponding register for each of the two detection cases.
Figure 37. Tamper detect screens (ST25TV tags)
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UM2131 Tag main features
This feature is specific to NFC Type 5 tags.
In NFC Type 5 tags, the memory is divided into blocks of a given number of bytes. For
STMicroelectronics Type 5 products, each block is made of 4 bytes.
Thanks to the Lock block screen it is possible to read the status of each block (locked or unlocked) and the permanent lock of any block in the memory. This action is irreversible. It can be used when the user wants to be sure that the content of the block(s) will never be changed.
shows a Lock block screen example.
Figure 38. Lock block screen
The Lock block and Area Read/Write permissions
possible means to prevent the modification of parts of the memory:
Lock block is permanent and must be done for each block one by one
Area configuration is global and applicable to a whole area. The area can be protected by password for read, write, or both. It also offers a mode for which the content of the area cannot be written anymore. This is the mode for which the reading of the memory is protected by password and the writing is impossible, even if the password is presented.
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Tag main features UM2131
This feature is specific to ST25TV products, it is enabled through the Untraceable mode screen. Once enabled, the tag is no longer seen by NFC Type 5 inventory. However, it is possible to communicate with it if its UID is known. For doing so, the Untraceable mode password must be presented (the UID must be specified in the command). The tag answers to every command.
Figure 39. Untraceable mode screen
Caution: If the Untraceable mode is enabled, the tag cannot be discovered by smartphones.
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UM2131 Tag main features
This feature is specific to ST25TV products. It can be used to permanently kill the tag.
The Lock kill password button allows preventing modifications of the kill password. Once activated, it is not possible anymore to change the kill password.
Figure 40. Kill tag screen
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4.13 Electronic article surveillance
This feature is specific to ST25TV products.
Electronic article surveillance (EAS) can be used to control goods (e.g. books, CDs, DVDs, and others in a library). NFC gate readers at the library exit raise an alarm each time an article, with EAS enabled, goes through the gate.
Figure 41. Electronic article surveillance screen
With this screen, the user can:
Enable Electronic article surveillance
Set the Electronic article surveillance protection:
– This protection is needed to prevent a user of the library to disable the alarm. Only library employees are able to disable the EAS protection when an article is rented thanks to the configuration password.
– The EAS can be permanently locked. In such a case, it is not possible to disable it and the only way to turn the alarm off is to kill the tag. This can be used when the
EAS is used to protect a product in a shop. Once the product is purchased, the tag can be killed.
The EAS ID is a 16-bit identifier, which can be set freely to identify the article.
The EAS Telegram is a text limited to 32 characters describing the article.
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UM2131 Tag main features
The ST25 Android™ NFC tap application demonstrates how the EAS alarm can be handled.
Each time a ST25TV tag is found by the inventory, the application checks if the EAS is
enabled. If it is enabled, it raises an alarm, as illustrated in Figure 42
.
Figure 42. Electronic article surveillance alarm screen
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This feature is specific to ST25DV-PWM products.
Due to RF high-sensitivity levels, and because of the switching noise generated by a PWM output (by construction), the adjustment of different PWM parameters is proposed to improve the coexistence between the PWM interface and the RF interface:
PWM output driver trimming
PWM output coexistence with RF interface
Also available in the configuration, the PWM control access rights, to define R/W permissions and password for PWM control area.
Figure 43. PWM configuration features
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This feature is specific to ST25DV-PWM products.
PWM control enables to set PWM registers using the following main setting attributes:
Disable/Enable PWM
Period value
Pulse-width value
Four profiles are available, with different level of detail and features:
Normal : sets the duty cycle of each PWM with simple bar sliders (frequency already set through the Expert mode).
Expert : provides detail setting for PWM attributes and corresponding registers values.
Auto : demonstrator use case for autonomous changing of the duty cycle on the two channels, like one going up and the other down. Same as the normal profile with automatic setting.
Musics : demonstrator use case that enables the playback of music note using frequency/period setting. A simple finite music list is available for selection (a buzzer must be connected to the PWM1 output for playback).
The PWM controls are shown in figures
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Tag main features
Figure 44. PWM control (normal mode)
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Figure 45. PWM control (expert mode)
Tag main features
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Tag main features
Figure 46. PWM control (musics mode)
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5 Demonstrations use cases
Note:
Demonstrations use cases
The demonstrations are product specific. The available demonstrations related to a given product can be reached through the tag drawer demonstration menu.
Some demonstrations require boards with specific firmwares associated.
5.1 Stopwatch
Note:
Stopwatch demonstration (ST25DV-I2C product only) - Discovery board
This demonstration is dedicated to the ST25DV-I2C tag and requires a specific firmware driving the TAG through I
2
C on a Discovery board. The firmware reads and/or writes the data to transfer.
Refer to ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware for details.
The stopwatch feature is:
Stopwatch information transfer between phone and board
Stopwatch observability is provided thanks to a counter, displayed and triggered by actions
The stopwatch screen is shown in Figure 47
.
Figure 47. Stopwatch screen
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Demonstrations use cases UM2131
Note:
Firmware update demonstration (ST25DV-I2C product only) - Discovery board
This demonstration is dedicated to the ST25DV-I2C tag and requires a specific firmware driving the TAG through I
2
C on a Discovery board. The firmware reads and/or writes the data to transfer.
Refer to ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware for details.
The firmware update feature is:
Pick a firmware to upload: enables to send file content to host through tag
Password exchange is part of the transfer protocol. Refer to ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware documentation for default settings
Firmware update can be monitored thanks to:
a progression bar displayed during the transfer
a stopwatch counter displayed and triggered by actions
shows examples of firmware update screens.
Figure 48. Firmware update screens
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UM2131 Demonstrations use cases
Note:
Picture transfer demonstration (ST25DV-I2C product only) - Discovery board
This demonstration is dedicated to the ST25DV-I2C tag and requires a specific firmware driving the TAG through I
2
C on a Discovery board. The firmware reads and/or writes the data to transfer.
Refer to ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware for details.
The picture transfer features are:
Send picture to tag
Receive picture from tag
Picture transfer observability is provided by means of the following status:
A progression bar is displayed during the transfer
A stopwatch counter is displayed and triggered by actions
shows examples of picture transfer screens.
Figure 49. Picture transfer screens
Note: For download features, start the demonstration on board first, and then click on the start button of the application.
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Revision history UM2131
Date
27-Feb-2017
30-May-2017
08-Jun-2017
10-Apr-2018
26-Jun-2018
05-Aug-2021
Revision
Table 1. Document revision history
Changes
1
2
3
4
5
6
Initial release.
Full document update in relation with the application update: sections updated and reordered in all chapters. All figures updated.
Updated application URL in Section 2.1: Prerequisites .
Document scope extended to the ST25TV series NFC tags and new feature descriptions added or updated:
– Updated Section 2.2: Functionalities overview
– Updated Section 3.3.2: NDEF editor operations
– Added Section 4.3: Configuration protection
– Added Section 4.8: Counter
– Added Section 4.9: Tamper detect
– Added Section 4.10: Lock block
– Added Section 4.11: Untraceable mode
– Added Section 4.12: Kill tag
– Added Section 4.13: Electronic article surveillance
Application renamed “ST25 Android™ NFC tap application”.
Document scope extended to PWM features:
– Updated Section 2.2: Functionalities overview
– Added Section 4.14: Pulse-width modulation configuration
– Added Section 4.15: Pulse-width modulation control
Updated
,
Section 2.2: Functionalities overview ,
,
and Section 5.3: Picture transfers
.
Updated
Figure 35: Data transfer screens ,
Figure 48: Firmware update screens
and Figure 49: Picture transfer screens .
Minor text edits across the whole document.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE – PLEASE READ CAREFULLY
STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, enhancements, modifications, and improvements to ST products and/or to this document at any time without notice. Purchasers should obtain the latest relevant information on
ST products before placing orders. ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale in place at the time of order acknowledgment.
Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection, and use of ST products and ST assumes no liability for application assistance or the design of Purchasers’ products.
No license, express or implied, to any intellectual property right is granted by ST herein.
Resale of ST products with provisions different from the information set forth herein shall void any warranty granted by ST for such product.
ST and the ST logo are trademarks of ST. For additional information about ST trademarks, please refer to www.st.com/trademarks . All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
Information in this document supersedes and replaces information previously supplied in any prior versions of this document.
© 2021 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved
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