Appendix B: Code pages
C
D
E
A
B
ESC k ENQ
0 1 2 3 4 5
0
@
P
0
1
!
1
A Q
2
"
2
B R
3
4
♥
♦
#
$
3
4
C
D
S
T
♣
§ %
5
E U
5
6
7
♠
&
'
6
7
F
G
V
6
W g
` a b c d e f
7 p q r s t u v w
8
Ç
ü
é
â
ä
à
å
ç
9
É
æ
Æ
ô
ö
ò
û
ù
A
á
º
í
ó
ú
ñ
Ñ
ª
(
8
H X h x ê ÿ
¿
8
9
) 9 I Y i y
ë Ö ¬
*
+
,
-
.
:
;
<
L
=
J
K
M
> N
Z
[
\
]
^ j k l m n z
{
|
è
ï
î
}
~
ì
Ä
Ü
¢
£
¥
Pt
¬
¡
«
/ ?
O _ o Å
ƒ
»
B C D E F
α
≤
⌠
⌡
÷
≡
±
≥
ß
Γ
π
Σ
σ
µ
τ
∞
φ
∈
Φ
θ
Ω
δ
∩
•
.
2
≈
°
√ n
3
F
OCR-B1
IBM: 1B 6B 05
Epson: 1B 6B 05
B-21
Appendix C: Bar codes
Appendix C: Bar codes
The bar code was developed as an automated identification system for simplifying warehouse and stock taking procedures. The quality of the bar code is superior to OCR-A and OCR-B, as the quality of
OCR-A and OCR-B may be affected by external influences.
The following factors may influence the readability of bar codes:
● the print process and the sharpness of the stripes.
● the status of the printer and of the print head.
● the quality of the pins and the pin mechanism.
● use of a multicoloured ribbon, its age and colour intensity.
● functionality of the device used.
This chapter only describes how to use the printer function »Bar code printing«.
Furthermore, the following characteristics of the labels influence the readability of bar codes:
● reflection
● smoothness of surface
● transparency
● surface´s consistency
● colour
● age of labels
☞
Note !
For further information about design and safety procedures used with bar codes, see the books "Codiertechnik - Der
Schlüssel zum Strichcode", by B. Lenk and H.-G. Hansen, published by Ident, or "The Bar Code Book - Reading, Printing, and Specification of Bar Code Symbols" by Roger C. Palmer, published by Helmers Publishing, Inc.
C-1
Appendix C: Bar codes
We do not guarantee that bar codes printed with these commands can be read by all bar code readers. Before you use these commands we recommend that you test whether your bar code reader can read the printed bar codes.
Bar Code Types
You can print seven different types of bar codes. The bar codes are selected by the command sequences listed below.
The command sequences are:
EAN Codes
-> EAN 8
-> EAN 13
UPC Codes
-> UPC-A
-> UPC-E
Code 39
Code 128
Interleaved 2/5
ZIP Code
->
(IAN8, JAN8)
(IAN13, JAN13)
ZIP Code Bar Code
With all bar codes, except the bar code UPC-E, it is possible to calculate and print a checksum.
Because of the 24 dot matrix printing technique the smallest bar code size that can be printed is a Low-Density Code and/or an enlargement factor of 1.35.
EAN, UPC and Code 128 type bar codes can be enlarged in seven steps. Code 39 and Interleaved 2/5 type bar codes the black and/or the white area can be enlarged in seven steps by two parameters.
However, it is recommended that both areas be enlarged by the same value.
Positioning
When designing a bar code ensure that the character position of the bar code is absolute in order to avoid rounding and positioning errors.
C-2
Appendix C: Bar codes
Selection of Type and Size of Bar Code
Function
Select bar code
Dec.
27 16 65 p
1
n
1
... n
8
Hex.
1B 10 41 p
1
n
1
... n
8
ASCII
ESC DLE A p
1
n
1
... n
8
Use this command to select the type and the size of the bar codes.
Explanation of parameters:
1.
p
1
is the amount of data following p
1
(MSB is ignored). The command is invalid, when the value 0, 1 or 3 is assigned to p
1 values for p
1 are 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. If p
1
9, all data after n
9
will be ignored.
. Valid is equal to or greater than
2.
n
1
and n
2
select the type of bar code (high-order half byte is ignored).
n
1
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
n
0
0
0
0
4
1
2
2
Bar Code Type
EAN8
EAN13
UPC-A
UPC-E
Code 39
Interleaved 2/5
Code 128
Only the above listed parameters for n
1
, n
2
are valid. The command will be ignored when other data is transmitted.
3.
n
3
and n
4
determine the vertical length of the bar code. The length is determined by the following formula: (n
3
*10+n
4
(15/180) inch. If n
3
and n
4 length will be used. If (n
3
) *
are assigned the value 0, the current
*10+n
4
)
≥
25 , the length will be set to 24.
The length of the Start, Centre and the Stop bar for EAN and UPC codes is: (n
3
* 10+n
4
) * (15/180) + 10/180 inch.
Selecting the bar code
C-3
Appendix C: Bar codes
4.
n
5
selects the width of one bar code character. The minimum width of one character is 1/360 inch:
If you select the value 0 for n
5
If n
5
>= 8, n
5
will be set to 7.
, the current setting will be used.
With the bar code types EAN8, EAN13, UPC-A, UPC-E and Code
128 the width of one bar code character is determined by n
5
.
The maximum values of a bar code character are listed in »Table 1«.
Refer to »Table 2« for the width of the individual modules.
With Code 39 or Interleaved 2/5 the width of the black bar code element is determined by n
5
.
Refer to »Table 3« to determine the character width of Code 39, refer to »Table 4« and »Table 5« to determine the character width of Code
Interleaved 2/5. The width of the modules are identical with Code 39 and Interleaved 2/5. Refer to »Table 6« and »Table 7« to determine the width of the individual modules for these two types of bar codes.
5.
You select the width of the space elements with n
6
: n
6
is ignored with EAN8, EAN13, UPC-A, UPC-E or Code 128.
When using Code 39 or Interleaved 2/5, n
6
determines the width of the space element. The minimum width of the space element is
1/360 inch. If n to 7.
6
= 0, previous settings are used. If n
6.
≥
8, n
6 is set
6.
The ratio between the wide and the narrow elements is determined by n
7
:
If n
7
= 0 , previous settings will be used. If n
7
≥
8, n
7
is set to 7.
If EAN8, EAN13, UPC-A, UPC-E or Code 128 is selected, n
7 be ignored.
will
n
7
1
Ratio 2:1
2
2,5:1
Ratio table
3
3:1
4
3,5:1
7.
n
8
selects the print quality of plain writing.
5
4:1
6
4,5:1
7
5:1
C-4
n
8
0
1
Table for Selection of Plain Writing
Description
No plain (uncoded) writing
LQ character as plain writing
The character size of plain writing does not depend on the bar code, it is always set to 12 cpi.
The font of the LQ characters is the same as the font selected for receiving p
1 data.
Please note that this command does not start the printer.
The basic settings of this command are: n
6 n
7 n
8 n
1 n
3 n
5
, n
, n
2
4
1, 0
0, 9
1
1
1
2
UPC-A
135/180 inch
1/72 inch
1/72 inch
2,5 : 1
LQ
Tables 1 through to 7 are used to calculate the width of the bar code.
If the bar code to be printed extends beyond the right margin of the printing material, the print command will be ignored.
Please refer to tables 1 and 2 for determining the width of the Codes
EAN, UPC and Code 128. Tables 3 through to 7 are reserved for Code
39 and Interleaved 2/5.
Table 1 shows the ratio between n
5
and the maximum width of a bar code character in combination with the bar code type.
Appendix C: Bar codes
C-5
Appendix C: Bar codes
Table 1 n
5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
EAN8 / EAN 13 40 49 70 84 105 119 140
UPC-A /-E char. code/ODD
EAN8 / EAN 13 41 49 70 84 105 119 140
UPC-A /-E char. code/EVEN
UPC-A/EAN8
EAN 13 start/stop code
15 18 27 31 42 48 57
UPC-A/EAN8
EAN 13 centre bar
33 38 53 63 78 88 103
15 18 27 31 42 48 57 UPC-E start code
UPC-E stop code
Code 128 char. code /start code
Code 128 stop code
(unit: 1/360 inch)
36
64
71
42
77
88
60
110
127
72
132
153
90
165
192
102
187
218
120
220
257
The width of the space element is listed below the width of the black elements.
n
1
5
Ratio
1
Table of Module Widths
A module is the narrowest element of a bar code. With EAN, UPC and Code 128, the wide elements may be up to four times as wide as one module. The table shows how wide the widths of the bar code elements of a code character are.
Single Module
Table 2
Dual Module Triple Module Quadruple Module
2
3
1,5
2
3
9
4
10
7
13
9
14
11
17
17
23
13
19
18
24
27
33
19
24
25
31
37
43
C-6
Appendix C: Bar codes
n
4
5
6
7
5
Ratio Single Module
2,5
3
3,5
4
14
20
17
23
9
15
12
18
(unit: 1/360 inch)
Dual Module
31
37
37
43
21
27
27
33
Triple Module
33
39
42
48
48
54
57
63
Table 3
Code 39 / Interleaved 2/5 width of black element.
n
5
defines the width of the black element/bar. Together with n
7
the total width of the black element can be taken from table 3:
Type n
5
Ratio schmales Element n
7
=1 n
7
=2 n
7
=3 n
7
=4 n
7
=5 n
7
=6 n
7
=7
(Unit: 1/360 inch)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1.5
3 4
2 2.5
7 9
3
12
3.5
14
4
17
9 11 17 21 27 31 37
11 14 22 27 32 39 47
14 18 27 33 42 48 57
17 21 32 39 49 56 67
21 25 36 45 57 65 77
23 28 41 51 64 73 87
26 32 47 57 72 82 97
Table 4
Code 39 / Interleaved 2/5 width of black elemt.
n
6
defines the width of the narrow space element/bar. Together with n
7 table 3:
the total width of the wide space element can be taken from
Quadruple Module
45
51
57
63
65
71
77
83
C-7
Appendix C: Bar codes
Print Bar code
Type n
6
Ratio narrow element n
7
=1 n
7
=2 n
7
=3 n
7
=4 n
7
=5 n
7
=6 n
7
=7
(unit 1/360 Zoll)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1.5
2 2.5
3 3.5
4
9 10 13 15 18 20 23
15 17 23 27 33 37 43
19 21 28 33 41 46 53
22 24 33 39 48 54 63
25 28 38 45 56 63 73
27 31 43 51 63 71 83
31 35 48 57 71 80 93
34 38 53 63 78 88 103
Printing a 24-Pin Bar Code
Function Dec.
Printing a Bar code 27 16 66
P
1
(P m
)
DATA
Hex.
1B 10 42
P
1
(P m
)
DATA
ASCII
ESC DLE B
P
1
(P m
)
DATA
This command does not select type and size of the bar code:
●
Unit used is 360 dpi (full).
● printing is always unidirectional.
1.
P
1
is the amount of data according to P
1
.
2.
P m
selects the type of Code 128. If Code 128 is not selected, P m
has to be omitted.
41 H : Code 128 Set A
42 H : Code 128 Set B
43 H : Code 128 Set C
3.
If P m
is assigned any value other than the above mentioned value, the command will be ignored.
4.
»DATA«
C-8
5.
Printing starts when the printer has received the entire command.
If P
1
= 0, the bar code cannot be printed.
6.
The following values are valid for P
1 garded as one character:
. The check digit code is re-
(a) EAN8
(b) EAN13
(c) UPC-A
(d) UPC-E
8 characters
13 characters
12 characters
6 characters
(e) Code 39
(f) Interleaved 2/5 maximum of 50 characters maximum of 50 characters
(g) Code 128 (Set A, B, C) maximum of 50 characters
If the Code 128 is selected, P m
is regarded as one character.
The value for P
1
(a) to (d).
cannot be changed for bar code types listed under
For the bar code types listed under (e) through to (f) you can select any value listed under number 6.
If P
1
is larger than the above-mentioned numbers, the command will be ignored.
7.
The following characters are valid data for printing:
(a) EAN8
(b) EAN13
(c) UPC-A
(d) UPC-E
0 (30H) to 9 (39H)
0 (30H) to 9 (39H)
0 (30H) to 9 (39H)
0 (30H) to 9 (39H)
(e) Code 39
43 characters, see Table 5
SP (20H) to Z (5AH)
(f) Interleaved 2/5
(g) Code 128 (Set A)
0 (30H) to 9 (39H)
(00H) to (66H)
(h) Code 128 (Set B)
(i) Code 128 (Set C)
(19H) to (7FH)
(30H) to (3CH) for characters of Code 128, see Table 6
Only the above mentioned data and checksum code is valid.
8.
A checksum is generated automatically by sending a checksum code at the end of the bar code data.
Appendix C: Bar codes
C-9
Appendix C: Bar codes
9
The checksum code is as follows:
(a) EAN8
(b) EAN13
(c) UPC-A
(d) UPC-E
@
@
(40H)
(40H)
@ (40H) not possible
(e) Code 39 @
(f) Interleaved 2/5 @
(40H)
(40H)
(g) Code 128 (SetA) g (67H)
(h) Code 128 (SetB) CAN (18H)
(i) Code 128 (SetC) @ (40H)
10.
Calculation of Checksum
If a checksum code is sent after the data has been sent, the printer will calculate the checksum and print the checksum instead of the checksum code. However, you can calculate and transmit the checksum yourself.
Calculating the Checksum for EAN8, UPC-A, Interleaved 2/5
a: add all odd-numbered data positions
(starting on the left-hand side) b: a*3 c: add all even-numbered data positions
(starting on the left-hand side) d: b+c e: d mod 10 f: 10-e f is the check digit
Example: bar code data 1234567@ a: 1+3+5+7 = 16 b: 16*3 = 48 c: 2+4+6 = 12 d: 48+12 = 60 e: 60 mod 10 = 0 (60 / 10 = 6 Remainder 0) f: 10-0 = 10, f := 0 (If f=10, it is set to f=0)
Checksum is 0
C-10
If the amount of print data for Code Interleaved 2/5 is an odd number, a 0 is added. This 0 is the first bar code character.
Calculating the checksum for EAN13
a: add all even-numbered data positions
(start on the left-hand side) b: a*3 c: add all odd-numbered data positions
(starting on the left-hand side) d: b+c e: d mod 10 f: 10-e f is the checksum.
Example: bar code data 123456789012@ a: 2+4+6+8+0+2 = 22 b: 22*3 = 66 c: 1+3+5+7+9+1 = 26 d: 66+26 = 92 e: 92 mod 10 = 2 (92 / 10 = 9 Remainder 2) f: 10-2 = 8 checksum is 8
No calculation takes place for UPC-E, it does not print the checksum.
Calculating the Checksum for
Code 39
All values of the bar code data are added. The total is divided by 43, and the remainder is the checksum.
Appendix C: Bar codes
C-11
Appendix C: Bar codes
Character Value
9
A
B
C
D
E
7
8
5
6
2
3
0
1
4
11
12
13
14
7
8
9
10
4
5
6
2
3
0
1
Table 5
Character Value
O
P
Q
R
K
L
M
N
S
T
F
G
H
I
J
26
27
28
29
22
23
24
25
19
20
21
15
16
17
18
Character Value
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
.
Space
+
%
/
$
Example: bar code data 123LPJ23@
Addition of values: 1+2+3+25+21+19+1+2+3 = 77
Division: 77/43 = 1 Remainder 34
Value 34 = character Y
Checksum (character) = Y
Calculating the Checksum for Code 128
Each of the characters of Code 128 is assigned a reference value.
When calculating the checksum, these values are added after they have been multiplied by a weighting. The weighting starts at 1 and is increased by the value 1 for every digit. In addition, the reference value of the start digit is added.
The total modulo 103 is the checksum.
The reference values are listed in Table 6. The different characters are divided into three character sets (Code A, B, C). Character set C consists exclusively of two-digit numbers (00 to 99). Each two-digit number is assigned a bar code unit. This results in a higher information density.
37
38
39
40
41
42
34
35
36
30
31
32
33
C-12
5
6
3
4
7
8
0
1
2
13
14
15
9
10
11
12
Example: bar code data 1234XYZg
Start in character set C, change to character set A.
a: Ref. Start character Set C = 105 b: Ref. character 12 = 12 c: Ref. character 34 = 34 d: Ref. change to Code A = 101 e: Ref. character X = 56 f: Ref. character Y = 57 g: Ref. character Z = 58
Calculation:
105+(1*12)+(2*34)+(3*101)+(4*56)+(5*57)+(6*58)=1345
1345 modulo 103 = 4 (1345 /103=13 Remainder 6)
Checksum is 6 (Reference value in Set A)
If you calculate this checksum yourself, you have to send the character HEX 26 to the printer in order to obtain the reference value 6 in Set A.
Table 6
Ref.
Value
Code A
ASCII Hex
Code B
ASCII Hex
Code C
Digit Hex
.
-
/
,
+
)
*
(
‘
#
$
%
&
!
Space = 20
= 21
“ = 22
= 23
= 24
= 25
= 26
= 27
= 28
= 29
= 2A
= 2B
= 2C
= 2D
= 2E
= 2F
.
-
/
,
+
)
*
(
‘
#
$
%
&
!
Space = 20
= 21
“ = 22
= 23
= 24
= 25
= 26
= 27
= 28
= 29
= 2A
= 2B
= 2C
= 2D
= 2E
= 2F
00 = 30,30
01 = 30,31
02 = 30,32
03 = 30,33
04 = 30,34
05 = 30,35
06 = 30,36
07 = 30,37
08 = 30,38
09 = 30,39
10 = 31,30
11 = 31,31
12 = 31,32
13 = 31,33
14 = 31,34
15 = 31,35
Appendix C: Bar codes
C-13
Appendix C: Bar codes
Code A
ASCII
F
G
I
H
B
C
D
E
>
?
<
=
@
A
;
:
8
9
6
7
4
5
2
3
0
1
P
Q
R
S
T
U
J
K
L
M
N
O
Hex
= 3C
= 3D
= 3E
= 3F
= 40
= 41
= 42
= 43
= 44
= 45
= 46
= 47
= 48
= 49
= 30
= 31
= 32
= 33
= 34
= 35
= 36
= 37
= 38
= 39
= 3A
= 3B
= 4A
= 4B
= 4C
= 4D
= 4E
= 4F
= 50
= 51
= 52
= 53
= 54
= 55
Ref.
Value
38
39
40
41
34
35
36
37
28
29
30
31
32
33
24
25
26
27
20
21
22
23
16
17
18
19
48
49
50
51
52
53
42
43
44
45
46
47
Code B
ASCII
F
G
I
H
B
C
D
E
>
?
<
=
@
A
;
:
8
9
6
7
4
5
2
3
0
1
P
Q
R
S
T
U
J
K
L
M
N
O
Hex
= 3C
= 3D
= 3E
= 3F
= 40
= 41
= 42
= 43
= 44
= 45
= 46
= 47
= 48
= 49
= 30
= 31
= 32
= 33
= 34
= 35
= 36
= 37
= 38
= 39
= 3A
= 3B
= 4A
= 4B
= 4C
= 4D
= 4E
= 4F
= 50
= 51
= 52
= 53
= 54
= 55
Code C
Digit Hex
16 = 31,36
17 = 31,37
18 = 31,38
19 = 31,39
20 = 32,30
21 = 32,31
22 = 32,32
23 = 32,33
24 = 32,34
25 = 32,35
26 = 32,36
27 = 32,37
28 = 32,38
29 = 32,39
30 = 33,30
31 = 33,31
32 = 33,32
33 = 33,33
34 = 33,34
35 = 33,35
36 = 33,36
37 = 33,37
38 = 33,38
39 = 33,39
40 = 34,30
41 = 34,31
42 = 34,32
43 = 34,33
44 = 34,34
45 = 34,35
46 = 34,36
47 = 34,37
48 = 34,38
49 = 34,39
50 = 35,30
51 = 35,31
52 = 35,32
53 = 35,33
C-14
Code A
ASCII Hex
V
W
X
Y
[
Z
= 56
= 57
= 58
= 59
= 5A
= 5B
^
_
]
\ = 5C
= 5D
= 5E
= 5F
NUL = 00
SOH = 01
STX = 02
ETX = 03
EOT = 04
ENQ = 05
ACK = 06
BEL = 07
BS = 08
HT = 09
LF
VT
FF
CR
= 0A
= 0B
= 0C
= 0D
SO
SI
= 0E
= 0F
DLE = 10
DC1 = 11
DC2 = 12
DC3 = 13
DC4 = 14
NAK = 15
SYN = 16
ETB = 17
CAN = 18
EM = 19
SUB = 1A
ESC = 1B
Ref.
Value
78
79
80
81
74
75
76
77
71
72
73
67
68
69
70
64
65
66
60
61
62
63
54
55
56
57
58
59
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
Code B
ASCII
p q n o j k l m i g h f e c d
‘ a b
^
_
]
\
V
W
X
Y
[
Z t u r s v w
{ z x y
Hex
= 63
= 64
= 65
= 66
= 67
= 68
= 69
= 6A
= 6B
= 6C
= 6D
= 6E
= 6F
= 70
= 71
= 56
= 57
= 58
= 59
= 5A
= 5B
= 5C
= 5D
= 5E
= 5F
= 60
= 61
= 62
= 72
= 73
= 74
= 75
= 76
= 77
= 78
= 79
= 7A
= 7B
Code C
Digit Hex
54 = 35,34
55 = 35,35
56 = 35,36
57 = 35,37
58 = 35,38
59 = 35,39
60 = 36,30
61 = 36,31
62 = 36,32
63 = 36,33
64 = 36,34
65 = 36,35
66 = 36,36
67 = 36,37
68 = 36,38
69 = 36,39
70 = 37,30
71 = 37,31
72 = 37,32
73 = 37,33
74 = 37,34
75 = 37,35
76 = 37,36
77 = 37,37
78 = 37,38
79 = 37,39
80 = 37,30
81 = 38,31
82 = 38,32
83 = 38,33
84 = 38,34
85 = 38,35
86 = 38,36
87 = 38,37
88 = 38,38
89 = 38,39
90 = 39,30
91 = 39,31
Appendix C: Bar codes
C-15
Appendix C: Bar codes
Ref.
Value
100
101
102
96
97
98
99
92
93
94
95
Code A
ASCII
FS
GS
RS
US
Hex
= 1C
= 1D
= 1E
= 1F
FNC 3 = 60
FNC 2 = 61
SHIFT = 62
Code C= 63
Code B = 64
FNC 4 = 65
FNC 1 = 66
Code B
ASCII Hex
}
| = 7C
= 7D
~ = 7E
DEL = 7F
FNC 3 = 19
FNC 2 = 1A
SHIFT = 1B
Code C = 1C
FNC 4 = 1D
Code A = 1E
FNC 1 = 1F
Code C
Digit Hex
92 = 39,32
93 = 39,33
94 = 39,34
95 = 39,35
96 = 39,36
97 = 39,37
98 = 39,38
99 = 39,39
Code B = 3A
Code A = 3B
FNC 1 = 3C
103
104
105
START Code A
= ESC DLE A P
1
START Code B
4 0 n
3
...n
8
ESC DLE B P
1
A Data
= ESC DLE A P
1
START Code C
4 0 n
3
...n
8
ESC DLE B P
1
B Data
= ESC DLE A P
1
STOP Code
4 0 n
3
...n
8
ESC DLE B P
1
C Data
11.
After printing the bar code the print head is positioned at the end of the first printed line.
12.
If the bar code extends beyond the right margin, the command will be ignored and the bar code will not be printed. A »CR/LF«
(Carriage Return/Line Feed) is performed and the bar code is printed in the next line, if the bar code is positioned beyond the right margin before the actual print command.
13.
The following bar code types add a start bar, a center bar and a stop bar: EAN8, EAN13, UPC-A, UPC-E.
14.
Notes for the Code 128:
The bar code start character of the different character sets is selected by choosing the option Pm of the command Printing a Bar
Code (ESC DLE B P1 Pm Data).
A stop character is printed automatically.
C-16
