Agilent 4145A Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer Operation and service manual
Tangazo
Tangazo
About this Manual
Repair
Investigations
Information
Us
We’ve added this manual to the Agilent website in an effort to help you support your product. This manual is the best copy we could find; it may be incomplete add it to the Agilent website.
920-955-3693
- Contact
Agilent no longer sells this product. Our service centers may be able to perform calibration and repair if necessary, but no other support from
Agilent is available. You will find any other available product information on the
Agilent Test & Measurement website,
www.tm.agilent.com
.
HP References in this Manual
This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett-Packard. Please note that
Hewlett-Packard's former test and measurement, semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. We have made no changes to this manual copy. In other documentation, to reduce potential confusion, the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix: where a product number/name was HP XXXX the current name/number is now Agilent XXXX. For example, model number
HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A.
OPERATION AND SERVICE MANUAL
MODEL 4145A
SEMICONDUCTOR
PARAMETER ANALYZER
SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual applies to instruments serial numbers prefixed 2149J- with and above.
0 COPYRIGHT:
9-1, TAKAKURA-CHO,
YOKOGAWA-HEWLETT-PACKARD,
HACHIOJI-SHI, TOKYO,
LTD., 1982
JAPAN
Manual Part No. 04145-90000
Microfiche Part No. 04145-90050
Printed: AUG. 1984
Table of Contents
Model 4145A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
Section
Title Page
II
I GENERAL
INFORMATION l-l.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-l
1-4. Description
1-11. Specifications
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
1-13. Safety Considerations . . . .
1-2 l-3 l-3
1-16. Instruments Covered by
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 l-21. l-23. l-25. l-27.
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accessories
Accessories
Supplied
Available
Warranty Limitation
. . . . . for
. . . . l-4
1-4 l-4
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . l-4
INSTALLATION
2-l.
2-3.
2-5.
2-6.
2-8.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-l
Initial
Preparation
Inspection . . . . . . . for Use . . . . . .
2-l
2-l
Power Requirements . . . . . . . 2-l
Line Voltage and Fuse
Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-l
2-10. Line Frequency Filter . . . . 2-l
2-12.
Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2-16.
Operating Environment . . . . 2-2
2-19. Installation
2-21.
Installation
Instructions. of Options
2-2
907, 908 and 909 . . . . . . 2-2
2-23.
Storage and Shipment . . . . . 2-4
2-24.
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2-26. Packaging
. . . . . . . . . . . . e . . .
2-4
III ii .
OPERATION
3-l.
3-3.
3-5.
3-7.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-l
Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Flexible Disc Handling . . . 3-10
CRT Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
3-10. Self Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
3-12. Error Messages/Error Codes 3-12
3-14.
Initial Control Setting . . 3-18
3-16. User-Area Filing
Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
3-18. Arithmetic Capabilities
3-21.
Source and Measurement
. . 3-19
Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
3-23. Stimulus/Measurement
Units (SMU) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
3-25. Voltage Sources (Vs) and
Voltage Monitors (Vm) . 3-23
3-27. Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
3-29.
Sweep Measurement . . . . . . . . 3-24
3-33. Time Domain Measurement . . 3-26
3-35. Integration Time . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Title
Page
3-37. Auto-Calibration ........
3-40. Display Pages ...........
3-42. Page Control
............
3-27
3-28
3-28
3-45. MENU Page ............... 3-30
3-47. CHANNEL
DEFINITION Page . 3-30
3-49.
SOURCE SETUP Page .... ..'. 3-30
3-51. MEAS & DISP MODE SETUP
Page ................. 3-30
3-53. GRAPHICS PLOT Page ......
3-55. LIST DISPLAY Page .......
3-57.
MATRIX DISPLAY Page .....
3-59. SCHMOO PLOT Page ........
3-30
3-30
3-30
3-30
3-61. AUTO SEQUENCE SETUP Page. 3-31
3-63. OUTPUT SEQUENCE SETUP
Page .................
3-31
3-65. USER FILE CATALOG Page . . 3-31
3-67.
OPERATION GUIDE Page ....
3-69. DIAGNOSTICS Page ........
3-31
3-31
3-71. Softkey Prompt (SKP) ....
3-73.
System Messages .........
3-75.
Time Domain Measurement
Setup ................
3-77. DUT Connection ..........
3-79. DUT Connection Using the
3-31
3-31
3-74
3-76 _1 .-'
16058A ...............
3-81. DUT Connection Using the
Connector Plate ......
3-83. Floating Measurement ....
3-85. Guarding ................
3-76
3-80
3-82
3-82
3-87. Applications
3-89.
HP-IB Interface
Package ....
.........
3-91. Connection to
HP-IB .....
3-93. HP-IB Status Indicators
3-95.
3-97.
LOCAL Key ...............
HP-IB
Control
3-99. HP-IB Interface
Switch ....
3-83
3-86
3-86
. 3-86
3-86
3-86
Capabilities
.........
3-101. HP-IB Control Modes .....
3-103.
3-87
3-87
HP-GL
Control of the CRT 3-87
3-105. Remote Program Codes and
Parameter Setting ....
3-107. HP-GL Commands ..........
3-109. Device Clear ............
3-111. Data Output .............
3-113. Service Request Status
Byte .................
3-115. Programming Guide for
4145A ................
3-88
3-97
3-100
3-101
3-102
3-117. PLOT ....................
3-119. PRINT ...................
3-121. External Display ........
3-123. Disc Copy ...............
3-125. Head Cleaning ...........
3-104
3-108
3-110
3-111' ‘-*we
__
3-112
3-113
.
L’
L'
Model 4145A Table of Contents
Section Title Page
3-127. Protection againt Hazard- ous Voltage Exceeding
+42V . . . ..d...........
3-129. PLOT/PRINT Operations
Using HP-IB Controller
3-114
3-114
3-131. Measurement Ranges and
Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . 3-116
3-133. Resolution and Format for
Displayed Data and Data
Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-118
IV PERFORMANCE
V
4-l.
4-3.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Equipment Required . . . . . . . 4-1
4-5.
4-7.
4-9.
Test Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-l
Calibration Cycle .* . . . . . . 4-1
Graphics Display Unit
Intensity and Focus
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2
4-10. Page and Key Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4
4-11. SMU Accuracy Test
. . . . . . . . 4-5
4-12. VS Accuracy Test . . . . . . . . . 4-19
4-13. VM Accuracy Test . . . . . . . . . 4-22
4-14. External CRT X-Y-Z Output
4-15.
Check . . . .._............ 4-25
HP-IB
Interface Test . . . . . 4-27
ADJUSTMENT
5-l.
5-3.
5-7.
5-9.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
Safety Requirement . . . . . . . 5-l
Equipment.Required . . . . . . . 5-l
Adjustment Relationships . 5-1
5-11. Adjustment Locations . . . . . 5-1
5-13.
Initial
Operation
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5-15. Basic Operating Checks . . . 5-3
5-17. Top Cover Removal . . . . . . . .
5-3
5-19. Bottom Cover Removal . . . . .
5-3
5-21. A3 Board Access . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5-23. Graphics Display Unit
Intensity and Focus
Check and Adjustment . . 5-6
5-24. DC Power Supply Adjustment 5-8
5-25. Sample Hold Switch AC
Offset Adjustment . . . . . 5-11
5-26. Demultiplexer Noise
Rejection Adjustment . . 5-13
5-27. D-A Converter Gain
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
5-28. A-D Converter Gain
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
5-29. VM Range Adjustment . . . . . . 5-20
5-30. Mass Storage Unit Test . . . 5-23
5-32. Flexible-disc Drive Access 5-23
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page
5-34.
5-36.
5-38.
5-40.
5-43.
5-46.
5-49.
Disc Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flexible-disc Drive Checks and Adjustments ..a....
Sure Flexible-disc Drive
Checks and Adjustment .
MSU DIAGNOSTICS Mode . . . . .
MSU Read Test . . . . . . . . . . . .
MSU Write Test . . . ...*.....
MSU EXERCISER . . . . . . . . . ..e
5-23
5-23
5-23
5-24
5-26
5-28
5-30
5-52.
5-53.
Drive Belt Tension Check and Adjustment . . . . . . . .
Index
Timing Check and
5-32
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
5-54.
Track Alignment Check and Adjustment'........ 5-34
5-55. Track Zero Switch Check
5-56. and Adjustment
. ..e....e 5-38
Jitter
Check and
Adjustment . . . . . . . . e . . . 5-41
5-57. Index Detector Alignment
Check and Adjustment . . 5-43
VI REPLACEABLE PARTS
6-l.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-l
6-3.
Abbreviations .....O...... 6-l
6-5. Replaceable Parts List ..* 6-l
6-7.
Ordering Information . . . . . 6-2
6-10.
Direct Mail Order System . 6-2
VII
MANUAL CHANGES
7-1.
7-3.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Manual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . 7-l
VIII SERVICE ’
8-l.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-l
8-3. Safety Considerations . . . . 8-l
8-5.
8-7.
Recommended Test Equipment 8-l
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . 8-l
8-9. Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-l
8-11.
Block,,iDiagram Discussion . 8-2
8-13. Board Level Theory . . . . . . . 8-4
8-15. Troubleshooting Guide . . . . 8-6
8-17. Assembly Removal . . . . . . . . . 8-8
8-18. Assembly Locations . . . . . . .
8-8
8-20. Al through A8 Board Removal 8-9
8-22. Al3 through Al6
Board Removal . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8-24. Front Panel Removal . . . . . . 8-9 ry
8-26. Display (1345A) Removal . . 8-10
8-28. Rear Assembly A Removal
8-11
8-30. All and A12 Board Remova;: 8-11
8-32. Rear Assembly B Removal . . 8-12
8-34. FDD and A9 Board Removal . 8-13
8-36. Al Graphic Display
Control Board. . . . . . . . . . 8-69
. . .
111
-
Table of Contents
Model 4145A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
Section
Title Page
8-38.
A2 Microprocessor
Digital Control Board . . . . . . 8-72
8-40.
A3 SMU Control and A-D
Converter Board . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-78
8-42. A4 D-A Converter Board . . . . . . . 8-84
8-44. A5
SMU Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-98
8-46. A9 HP-IB and MSU
Control Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-111
8-48. A10 Keyboard
Title and i
Page
Display Control Board . . . . . . 8-115
8-50.
All Switching Power
Supply Board . . . . . . . ...*....
8-52. Al3 SMU Power Source
8-120
Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-129
8-54.
A16 Vs/Vm Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-138
‘---I
LIST OF TABLES
Page Number
Number Title l-l.
1-2.
1-3.
Specifications
................
Reference Data ................
Accessories Supplied
.......... l-5
1-13
1-16
3-l.
3-2.
3-3.
4145A Self Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Messages . . . . . . . ..?......
Operational Error-Codes . . . . . . .
3-l 2
3-13
3-l 5
3-17
3-4.
3-5.
3-6.
3-7.
3-8.
Arithmetic Operators . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
SMU Source Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application
HP-IB Interface
Package Setups . . . .
Capabilities
3-22
3-83
. .
3-87
3-9. HP-GL Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-97
3-l 0.
Recommended HP-IB Plotters . . . .
3-l 08
3-l 1. Recommended
HP-IB
Printers . . . .
3-110
3-12. Recommended External Displays .
3-l 11
3-13.
Self Test Error-Codes . . . . . . . . .
Number of Output/Display Digits
3-118
4-T.
4-2.
4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
4-7.
4-8.
4-9.
4-10.
4-11.
Recommended Test Equipment . . . .
Source Parameter Changes . . . . . .
Test Limits for Voltage Control
Accuracy Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Source Parameter Changes . . . . . .
Test Limits for Voltage
Measurement Accuracy Test . .
Source Parameter Changes . . . . . .
Test Limits for Current
Measurement Accuracy Test . .
Source Parameter Changes . . ..e.
Test Limits for Current Control
Accuracy Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Limits for SU Accuracy
Test ......................e
Test Limits for MU Accuracy
Test ..*....................
4-A
4-8
4-8
4-l 2
4-12
4-15
4-15
4-l 8
4-18
4-21
4-24 iv
Title Page
5-l.
5-2.
5-3.
5-4.
5-5.
5-6.
5-7.
4-12.
4-l 3.
4-14.
HP-IB Interface Test Program . m 4-29
Controller Instructions and
Operator Response for
HP-IB
Interface Test Program . . . . . 4-33
Error Messages for HP-IB
Interface Test Program . . . . . 4-35 .- u
Adjustable Components . ...+.... 5-2
Adjustment Requirements . . . . . . . 5-4
Check Points and Limits . . ...*.
Test Point/Trimmer Capacitor
5-10
Combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
MSU
DIAGNOSTICS
Mode . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
Message on MSU
EXERCISER
Page . 5-30
MSU EXERCISER
Softkey Prompts . 5-31
6-l.
6-2.
6-3.
List of Reference Designators and Abbreviations ..........
Manufacturers Codes ...........
Replaceable Parts .............
6-l
6-2
6-3
7-l.
7-2.
8-l.
8-2.
8-3.
8-4.
8-5.
8-6.
8-7.
Manual Chanqes by Serial
Number .:....l..............
Parts Change Information ......
7-l
7-27
Hardware-related Error Codes . . 8-6
SMU Status Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-6
Jumper Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
List of Digital Section
Troubleshooting Flow Diagrams 8-22
Program Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-76
Relationship between Current and Range Resistors . . . . . . . . 8-103
V Monitor Amplifier Ranging . . . 8-104
Model 4145A
List of Illustrations
L
Number l-l. l-2.
Title
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Page Number
Model 4145A and Accessories ....
Serial Number Plate ............ l-l l-3
2-l.
2-2.
2-3.
Voltage and Fuse Selection .....
Power Cable Supplied
. . . . . . . . . . .
Rack Mount Kit .................
2-2
2-3
2-5
L-
I b’ +”
3-l.
3-2.
3-3.
3-4.
3-5.
3-6.
3-7.
3-8.
3-9.
3-10.
3-11.
3-12.
3-13.
3-14.
3-15.
3-16.
3-17.
3-18.
3-19.
3-20.
3-21 .
3-22.
3-23.
3-24.
3-25.
3-26.
3-27.
3-28.
3-29.
3-30.
3-31.
3-32.
3-33;
3-34.
3-35.
3-36.
3-37.
Contents of Section III ........
Front Panel Features ...........
Rear Panel Features ............
3-l
3-2
3-8
Disc Installation and Removal . . 3-10
Useable Display Area ...........
Operator Adjustment ............
3-11
3-11
Byte Size of Arithmetic
Expressions .................
Source and Measurement Channels of the 4145A ................
Simplified Circuit Diagram of
3-20
3-21
One of the Four SMUs ........
Specifiable Voltage/Current
3-21 output
......................
Simplified Circuit Diagram
3-22 of Vs 3-23
Simplified Circuit Diagram of Ym 3-23
Voltage/Current Output
Specified by the
COMPLIANCE . 3-23
Staircase Sweep Output .........
3-24
Relationship Between VARl and
VAR2 ........................
Relationship Between VARl and
3-25
VARl' .......................
Time Domain Measurement ........
Page Control Keys ..............
3-26
3-27
3-28
Page Flow and the Relationship
MENU Page
......................
CHANNEL
DEFINITION Page ........
. 3-29
3-32
3-34
SOURCE SETUP Page ..............
3-38
MEAS
& DISP
MODE SETUP Page .... 3-42
GRAPHICS PLOT Page .............
LIST DISPLAY
Page ..............
MATRIX DISPLAY
Page ............
3-48
3-54
3-57
SCHMOO PLOT Page
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AUTO SEQUENCE SETUP Page .......
OUTPUT SEQUENCE SETUP Page .....
4145A FILE
CATALOG Page ........
OPERATION GUIDE Page ...........
DIAGNOSTICS Page ...............
3-59
3-62
3-66
3-67
3-70
3-71
Time Domain Measurement Setup . . 3-74
DUT Connection Using the 1605811. 3-76
DUT Connection Using the
Connector Plate .............
Example of Guarding ............
Connection Examples for
Application Package .........
3-80
3-82
3-85
Title Page
3-38.
3-39.
3-40.
3-41.
3-42.
3-43.
3-44.
3-45.
3-46.
3-47.
3-48.
3-49.
3-50.
3-51.
HP-IB
Control Switch ..........
Remote Program Codes and
3-86
Parameter Setting ..........
Data Output Format ............
3-88
3-l 00
Status Byte for the 4145A ..... 3-102
Sample Program 1 .............. 3-105
3-107
Sample Program 2 ..............
Plot Function .................
Print Function ................
3-108
3-110
External Display ..............
Disc Copy
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Head Cleaning .................
Programs for
HP-IB controlled
PLOT Operations ............
3-111
3-112
3-l-13
3-115
Measurement Ranges and
Resolution .................
Display/Output Format .........
3-116
3-119
4-l.
4-2.
4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
4-7.
4-8.
4-9.
4-l 0.
4-l 1.
4-12.
4-l 3.
4-14.
4-15.
4-l 6.
4-17.
5-l .
5-2.
5-3.
5-4.
Test Pattern for GDU ..........
GDU Connector Location ........
Display for Key Function Check.
Voltage Control Accuracy Test
Setup ......................
Measurement Setup .............
Voltage Measurement Accuracy
Test Setup .................
Measurement Setup
.............
Measurement Setup .............
Measurement Setup .............
SU Accuracy Test Setup ........
Measurement Setup .............
MU Accuracy Test Setup ........
Measurement Setup .............
External CRT X-Y-Z Output
Check Setup ................
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-9
4-10
4-13
4-l 6
4-19
4-21
4-22
4-23
4-25
Scope Displays of X-Y-Z
Output (Example)
...........
4-26
HP-IB Interface Test Setup .... 4-27
Program Listing of HP-IB
Interface Test .............. 4-30
Test Pattern for GDU ..........
INTENSITY and FOCUS Locations . 5-6
Connector Location ............
DC Power Supply Adjustment
5-5.
5-6.
Setup ......................
AllR17 Adjustment .............
A5Jl Check ....................
5-7.
5-8.
Check Point Locations .........
Sample Hold Switch AC Offset
Adjustment Setup ...........
5-9.
AC Offset Adjustment ..........
5-l 0.
Check/Adjustment Point
5-6
5-7
5-8
5-9
5-10
5-10
5-11
5-12
Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
V
~ -_ -- - _---
__
List of Illustrations
Model 4145A
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Page Number
Number Title
5-14.
5-15.
5-16.
5-17.
5-18.
5-19.
5-20.
5-21.
5-22.
5-23.
5-24.
5-25.
5-26.
5-27.
5-28.
5-29.
5-30.
5-31.
5-32.
5-33.
5-34.
5-35.
5-36.
5-37.
5-38.
5-39.
5-40.
D-A Converter Gain Adjustment
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Check/Adjustment Point
Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Results from LED Annunciators . . 5-18
Check/Adjustment Point
Locations l
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Vm Range Adjustment Setup . . . . . . 5-20
Test Point Locations . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Flexible-disc Drive Access .,...
Component Locations for MSU
5-23
DIAGNOSTICS Mode Setting . . . . 5-25
CRT Display of MSU DIAGNOSTICS
Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
CRT Display of MSU Read Test . . . 5-26
CRT Display of MSU Write Test . . 5-28
CRT Display fo MSU EXERCISER
Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Drive Belt Tension Check and
Adjustment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-32
Index Timing Checks and
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
R47 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
Track Alignment Check and
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Scope Display of Bursts ^l.......
Check/Adjustment Point Locations
5-35
5-37
Track Zero Switch and Adjustment
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Scope Display of Track Zero
Switch Switching
. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-39
Check/Adjustment Point Locations 5-40
Jitter Check and Adjustment
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41
Scope Display of Jitter . . . . . . . . 5-42
Check/Adjustment Point Locations 5-42
Index Detector Alignment Check and Adjustment Setup . . . . . . . . 5-43
Index Detector Alignment Gap . . . 5-44
Check/Adjustment Point Locations 5-45
6-l. Major Mechanical Parts
(Exploded View) ..,...,,...., 6-29
Title Page
8-l.
8-2.
8-3.
8-4.
8-5.
8-6.
8-7.
8-8.
8-9.
8-10.
8-11.
8-12.
8-13.
8-14.
8-15.
8-16.
8-17.
8-18.
8-19.
8-20.
8-21.
8-22.
8-23.
8-24.
8-25.
8-26.
8-27.
8-28.
8-29.
8-30.
8-31.
8-32.
8-33.
8-34.
8-35.
Four Major Sections of the 4145A 8-3
Overall Block Diagram .......... 8-5
Assembly Level Trouble Isolation
Flow Diagram
................
Assembly Locations .............
8-7
8-8
8-9
Front Panel Removal ............
1345A Removal ..................
Rear Assembly A Removal ........
8-10
8-11
All and A12 Board Removal ......
Rear Assembly B Removal ........
A19 Board Assembly
.............
FDD and A9 Board Removal .......
Flow Diagram Notes .............
8-12
8-12
8-13
8-13
8-14
8-21
Signature Analysis .............
Al Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ................ 8-25
A2 Board Troubleshooting
Folw Diagram ................
A3 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ................
8-31
8-43
A4 Board Troubleshooting
Folw Diagram
................
A9 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ................
A10 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ................
8-53
8-59
Schematic Diagram Note .........
Block Diagram of Al Board ......
Al Graphic Display Control Board
Assembly Component Locations.
8-65
8-68
8-69
8-70
Al Graphic Display Control Board
Assembly Schematic Diagram . . 8-71
Block Diagram of the A2 Board . . 8-72
A2 Microprocessor Digital
Control Board Assembly
Component Locations
.........
A2 Microprocessor Digital
8-74
Control Board Assembly
Schematic Diagram ...........
8-75
Block Diagram of the.A3 Board . . 8-78
A3 SMU Control and A-D Converter
Board Assembly Component
Locations ................... 8-80
A3 SMU Control and A-D Converter
.Board Assembly Schematic
Diagram .....................
Block Diagram of A4 Board ......
I-V Converter Output ...........
8-81
8-84
8-85
8-85
Analog Switch
..................
A4 D-A Converter Board Assembly
Component Locations .........
A4 D-A Converter Board Assembly
Schematic Diagram ...........
A5 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ................
8-86
8-87
8-88
-- .& vi
List of Illustrations
Model 4145A
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Number
Title
Page
~, --
8-64.
8-65.
8-66.
8-67.
8-68.
8-60.
8-61.
8-62.
8-63.
8-49.
8-50.
8-51.
8-52.
8-53.
8-36.
8-37.
8-38.
8-39.
8-40.
8-41.
8-42.
8-43.
8-44.
8-45.
8-46.
8-47.
8-48.
8-54.
8-55.
8-56.
8-57.
8-58.
8-59.
Self-Test Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-97
SMU Board Block Diagram . . . . . . . . 8-98
SMU V Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . 8-99
SMU I Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . 8-99
Current Compliance in V Mode . . 8-100
V Error Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-100
Three Control Modes . . . . . . . . . . . 8-101
Example of Diode Feedback . . . . . 8-102
Power Amplifier Output Stage . . 8-102
Range Resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-103
Range Resistor Circuit . . . . . . . . 8-104
A5 SMU Board Assembly
Component Locations . . . . . . . . 8-106
A5 SMU Board Assembly
Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . 8-107
A9
HP-IB and MSU
Control Board
Assembly Component Locations 8-112
A9 HP-IB and MSU Control Board
Assembly Schematic Diagram . 8-113
Block Diagram of Key Control . . 8-115
A10 Keyboard and Display Board
Assembly Component Locations 8-116
A10 Keyboard and Display Board
Assembly Component Locations 8-117
All Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram ..T............
Rectifier Circuit
Switching Circuit
8-118
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-120
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-120
Power Loss Detection Circuit . . 8-121
All Switching Power Supply
Board Assembly
Component Locations
" . . . . . . . 8-122
All Switching Power Supply
Board Assembly
Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . 8-123
Al2 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-124
Al2 DC Power Supply Board
Assembly Component Locations 8-126
Al2 DC Power Supply Board
Assembly Schematic Diagram . 8-127
Al3 Board Troubleshooting
Folw Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-128
Voltage Change Sequence . . . . . ...8-129
Al3 SMU Power Source'Board
Assembly Component Locations.8-130
Al3 SMU Power Source Board
Assembly Schematic Diagram . 8-131
Al5 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-132
Al5 Floating Power Supply Board
Assembly Component Locations 8-68
Number
Title
Page
8-69. Al5 Floating Power Supply Board
Assembly Schematic Diagram . 8-69
8-70. Al6 Board Troubleshooting
Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-136
8-71. Vs Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-138
8-72. Vm Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-138
8-73. Al6 Vs/Vm Board Assembly
Component Locations . . . . . . . . 8-140
8-74.
Al6 Vs/Vm Board Assembly
Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . 8-141 vii
Model 4145A
SECTION I
SECTION I
GENERAL INFORMATION
l-l. INTRODUCTION l-2. This operation contains the information operate, test,
Hewlett-Packard adjust, and service required to and service manual install, the
Model 4145A Semiconductor
Parameter instrument
Analyzer. Figure l-l shows the and supplied accessories. This section identification, covers specifications, description, options, instrument accessories, and other basic information. l-3. Listed on the title page of this manual is a microfiche part number that can be used to order 4 x 6 inch microfilm transparencies of the manual. Each microfiche contains up to 60 photo-duplicates of the manual pages. The microfiche package also includes the latest manual changes supplement as well as all pertinent service notes. To order an additional manual, use the part number listed on the title page of this manual.
4145A
04145-61622
04145-61623
-p&+-/y,,
G
04145-61,630 e7
i P-L ==-? lm?-&oC3
Figure l-l. Model 4145A and Accessories. required)
SECTION I l-4. DESCRIPTION l-5. The
Hewlet t-Packard Model 4145A
Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer is a fully automatic, high performance, programmable test instrument designed to measure, analyze, and graphically display the DC characteristics of a wide range of semiconductor devices, such as diodes, bipolar transistors, field-effect transistors, wafers, ICs, etc. Main applications include computer-aided design (CAD) of ICs, new device component evaluation, selection incoming/outgoing materials for inspection, circuit evaluation, design, semiconductor process control, quality control, and quality assurance. It is equipped with four programmable stimulus/measurement units
@MU), two programmable voltage source units
(Vs), two voltage monitor units (Vm), a fully interactive graphics display, removable flexible-disc storage, softkeys, full arithmetic keyboard, and HP-IB. And it can be used on the bench or as part of a complete measurement system in the laboratory or on the production line. l-6.
For device stimulation and characteristics measurement, the 4145A has eight channels.
Channels 1 through 4 are stimulus/measurement units (SMU); channels 5 and 6 are voltage source units (Vs); and channels 7 and 8 are voltage monitor units (Vm).
Each SMU channel has three modes of operation: voltage source/current monitor (V), current source/voltage monitor (I), and common (COM).
Source voltage and source current can be held constant or swept linearly or logarithmically.
When used as a voltage source/current monitor
(V mode), each SMU can be programmed to output DC voltages from OV to +lOOV over three ranges--OV to f 19.999V, *2OV to +39.998V, and
+4OV to +lOOV--with a resolution of lmV, 2mV, and 5mV, respectively.
When used as a current source/voltage monitor (I mode), each SMU can be programmed to output currents from *lpA to
+lOOmA over nine ranges, with a resolution of
1pA max. (current measurement resolution is
50fA max.), depending on the current range.
Current through the sample in V mode and voltage across the sample in I mode can be limited to prevent damage to the sample.
The two Vs channels are programmable voltage source& Output voltage can be held constant or linearly or logarithmically swept from OV to f 20V with 1mV resolution. The voltage sources are used when many bias and voltage sources are required.
Model 4145A
Of the six source channels (four SMUs, two Vs), any combination of three can be automatically swept in a linear or logarithmic staircase manner within the range of each channel. Hold times from 0 to 650 sec$ds and delay times from 0 to
6.5 seconds multi-channel can be programmed. In a sweep setup, one channel functions as the main sweep channel. One of the other channels can be swept synchronously with the main channel, while one other channel can be swept subordinately to the main channel. SMUs not swept can be used as constant current or constant voltage sources.
The two Vm channels are used to measure voltages up to +2OV.
1-7. Measurement results, measurement setups, operator prompts, error messages, and diagnostics are displayed on a fully interactive, microprocessor based graphics display.
Measurement results can be displayed in one of four modes : graphic, list, matrix, and schmoo.
Front Panel softkeys provide a wide range of automatic display control functions, such as
AUTO SCALE, STORE, RECALL, CURSOR,
MARKER, vertical and horizontal ZOOM, LINE
(two), GRAD, l/GRAD, X intercept, Y intercept, and INTERPOLATE. phases of
Softkeys instrument are used in all operation--from measurement setup to measurement analysis-and make overall instrument operation quick and easy.
By pressing the PLOT key or PRINT key, the presently displayed screen, whether a measurement result or measurement setup, can be dumped directly onto an HP-IB compatible printer/plotter, providing clear, inexpensive hard copies.
The plot area is user selectable within the limits of the printer/plotter, and if a multi-pen plotter is used, multi-color plots can be made automatically. All PLOT and PRINT operations are done automatically, without a controller. Also, the 4145A’s display is equipped with X-Y-Z outputs to allow connection of a large-screen graphics display.
The 4145A is fluent in HP-GL (Hewlett- Packard
Graphics Language), permitting external control of its display via the HP-IB.
Cursor and marker positioning is user controllable via the front panel, and X-Yl-Y2 coordinates are digitally displayed on the CRT. l-2
L
L’
Model 4145A l-8.
The 4145A is equipped with a flexible-disc drive unit that accommodates a singlesided, single-density, 13.3cm (5.25 in.), 92K byte disc.
One cleaning disc and five work-discs--each containing the necessary operating system software, four general purpose measurement programs, and 36.6K bytes of user area-are furnished with the 4145A. Up to 47 measurement setup programs or 11 sets of measurement data, plus auto sequence programs, can be stored (SAVE) in the user area and recalled (GET) later. Additional discs can be purchased to increase storage capability, and the entire user area of each disc can be quickly copied. l-9.
All instrument functions are handled by a high speed microprocessor, under the control of the operating system software stored on each furnished flexible disc. Measurement setup, display mode selection, graphic scaling, diagnostics, operation guide, menu, and catalog are arranged as individual display pages. Paging is controlled by the MENU, PREV, and NEXT keys. Instructions, softkey labels, and error messages and codes are displayed on each page.
Also, the 4145A is remotely controllable via the
HP-IB and the 4145A’s display can be used as an independent display via the HP-IB. l-10. Furnished with the 4145A is the 16058A, a specially designed shielded test fixture which connects to the 4145A’s rear panel.
Eight different interchangeable DUT boards are provided, allowing measurement of diodes;
S-terminal and 4-terminal transistors; 8-pin, lo-pin, and 12-pin devices; and 18-pin and 24-pin
DIP ICs. The 16058A is equipped with a lightshielded lid to allow stable measurement of light-sensitive devices, such as photo diodes, photo transistors, and photo resistors. Also, to insure operator safety when potentially dangerous voltages are applied to a sample, a warning will be displayed on the 4145A if the test fixture lid is open and measurement will not be made until the lid is closed. For user-fabricated test fixtures and jigs, a special connector, four S-meter triaxial cables, and four
S-meter coaxial cables are also furnished.
SECTION I l-l 1. SPECIFICATIONS
1-12. Complete specifications of the Model
4145A Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer are given in Table l-l. These specifications are the performance standards or limits against which the instrument is tested. The test procedures for the specifications are covered in Section IV,
Performance Tests.
Table l-2 lists Reference
Data. Reference Data are not specifications but are typical characteristics included as additional information for the operator. When the 4145A
Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer is shipped from the factory, it meets the specifications listed in Table l-l.
1-13. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
1-14. The Model 4145A
Semiconductor
Parameter Analyzer has been designed to conform to the safety requirements of an IEC
(International Electromechanical Committee)
Safety Class I instrument and is shipped from the factory in a safe condition.
1-15. This operation and service manual contains information, cautions, and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition.
1-16. INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL
1-17. Hewlett-Packard uses a two-section nine character serial number which is stamped on the serial number plate (Figure 1-2) attached to the instrument’s rear-panel. The first four digits and the letter are the serial prefix and the last five digits are the suffix. The letter placed between the two sections identifies the country where the instrument was manufactured. The prefix is the same for all identical instruments; it changes only when a change is made to the instrument.
The suffix, however, is assigned sequentially and is different for each instrument. The contents of this manual apply to instruments with the serial number prefix(es) listed under SERIAL
NUMBERS on the title page.
Figure l-2. Serial Number Plate. l-3
SECTION I
1-18. An instrument manufactured after the printing of this manual may have a serial number prefix that is not listed on the title page. This unlisted serial number prefix indicates the instrument is different from those described in this manual. The manual for this new instrument may be accompanied by a yellow Manual
Changes supplement or have a different manual part number. This supplement contains “change information” that explains how to adapt the manual to the newer instrument.
1-19. In addition to change information, the supplement may contain information for correcting errors (called Errata) in the manual.
To keep this manual as current and accurate as possible, Hewlet t-Packard recommends that you periodically request the latest Manual Changes supplement. The supplement for this manual is identified with the manual print date and part number, both of which appear on the manual’s title page. Complimentary copies of the supplement are available from Hewlett-
Packard. If the serial prefix or number of an instrument is lower than that on the title page of this manual, see Section VII, Manual Changes. l-20. For information concerning a serial number prefix that is not listed on the title page or in the Manual Change supplement, contact the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. -j_
1-21. OPTIONS l-22. Options are modifications to the standard instrument that implement the user’s special requirements for minor functional changes. The
4145A has four options :
Option 907 : Front Handle Kit.
Furnishes Carrying handles for both ends of front-panel.
Option 908 : Rack Frange Kit.
Furnishes mounting flanges for both for ends rack of front-panel.
Option 909 : Rack Flange and Front Handle
Kit. Furnishes both front handles and rack flanges for instrument.
Option 910 : An extra copy of the Operation and Service Manual.
Installation procedures for these options are given in Section II.
Model 4145A l-23. ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED l-24. The Model 4145A
Semiconductor
Parameter Analyzer, along with its furnished accessories, is shown in Figure l-l.
The
Additionally, a spare fuse (HP Part No.
21 lo-0015 or 2110-0305) and an Operation and
Service Manual (HP Part No. 04145-90000) are furnished with the 4145A. l-25. ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE l-26. The Model 16261A* Software Disc Set, containing five software discs, is available when extra discs are required. l-27. Warranty Limitation for Accessories l-28. The
16058-60003)
Personality and eight
16058-60004 through
Board (P/N: with the 16058A Test Fixture are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three months from the date of delivery.
Hewlett-Packard
During the warranty period,
Company will, at its option, either repair or replace components which prove to be defective. This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from improper use or inadequate maintenance.
*-/ l-4
-,- - .-- -.
-
Model 4145A
SECTION I
Table l-l. Specifications (Sheet 1 of 8)
* Specifications listed below are for the 4145A only.
For 16058A specifications, refer to the 16058A Operation Note.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Basic Functions : Measures the DC current through voltage-biased devices and the
DC voltage across current-biased devices; Arithmetic calculation; Displays measurement results and calculation results on a built-in CRT display; graphics analysis capabilities; storage and recall of measurement setups, measurement data, and auto-sequence programs.
Source and Measurement Units :
Stimulus/Measurement Units (SMU) : Four SMU channels. Each SMU can be programmed to function as a variable or constant DC voltage source/current monitor or as a variable or constant DC current source/voltage monitor.
Voltage Sources (Vs) : Two Vs channels.
Each Vs c?an be programmed to function as a variable or constant DC voltage source.
Voltage Monitors (Vm) : Two Vm channels. Each Vm can measure DC voltages up to +2OV. c
^I SOURCE/MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS
Measurement and output accuracies are specified at 23 O +5 OC after the instrument has been allowed to warm up for at least 40 minutes, with AUTO CAL set to ON, INTEG TIME set to SHORT and referenced to SMU common. Specified accuracy doubles for operation between 10 O C and 40 ’ C.
Stimulus/Measurements Units (SMU) : Four SMU channels. Each SMU measures current when operating as a voltage source, or measures voltage when operating as a current source. Source and measurement ranges, resolution, and accuracy specifications are given in the tables below.
Accuracy specifications in the below tables are given as +n% of specified output or measured value, +n% of range value. 10 is output current (I), Vo is output voltage w.
Vo 1 t age Range
+2ov
+4ov
+lOOV
Resolution
1mV
2mV
5mV
Accuracy
0.1%+0.05%+0.4fi*Io
Max. Current lOOmA
SOlIlA
2omA l-5
---
SECTION I
Table l-l. Wecifications (Sheet 2 of 8)
I
Current Range I Resolution
I
Accuracy
+lOOmA lOOnA
+lOmA
1 OpA
I
+1000l~A
I
II-IA
I
I
+1 OOuA
I
1 OOnA
I
I
*lOuA
I
1 OnA
I
0.3%+(0.1+0.2*Vo/100)%
111 0.5%+(0.1+0.2*Vo/100)%
111 1%+(0.1+0.2*Vo/100)%+5pA
Max. Voltage
2ov (>SOmA)
4ov (>2OmA)
1oov (62OmA)
Model 4145A
Setting Resolution :
Voltage, 4*1/2 digits (1mV max.);
Current, 4 digits (1pA max.).
Measurement Resolution :
Voltage, 4*1/2 digits (1 mV max.);
Current, 4 digits (50fA max.).
Ranging :
Automatic.
Current/Voltage Limiting (Compliance) :
Current output from an SMU operating as a voltage source and voltage output from an SMU operating as a current source can be limited.
Compliance Range : Current, 50pA to maximum allowable output current of each voltage range; Voltage, OV to maximum allowable output voltage of each current range.
Accuracy: Current compliance, accuracy of current source+1 % of range +lOpA;
Voltage compliance, accuracy of voltage source.
Residual Resistance (Voltage Source/Current Measurement Mode) : 0.452.
Input Resistance (Current Source/Voltage Measurement Mode) : Z- 101k.
Capacitive Load : 6 1 OOOpF. l-6
Model 4145A
SECTION I
Table l-l. Snecifimtions (Sheet
3 of 8)
Voltage Sources (Vs) : Two Vs channels. Each Vs can be programmed to function as a variable or constant DC voltage source. Output ranges, resolution, and accuracy specifications are given in the table below.
Output Voltage Range Resolution
+2ov 1mV
Accuracy
0.5% of setting +lOmV
Max. Output Current lOmA
Output Impedance : Less than 0.2R
Capacitive Load : 2 1OOOpF
Voltage Monitors (Vm) :
Two Vm channels. output ranges, resolution, and accuracy specifications are given in the table below.
Measurement Voltage Range
Resolution
1
I
I
1OOPV
1mV
I
Accuracy
I
0.5% of reading + 1OmV
I
0.2% of reading + 1OmV
I
I
Input Impedance : lMR+ 1%
Capacitance in Parallel with Output : 150pF+ 10 % l-7
SECTION I Model 4145A
Table l-l. Snwifications (Sheet 4 of 8)
SPECIFICATIONS COMMON TO ALL CHANNELS
Maximum Withstand Voltage : 1OOV (SMU, guard terminal,
Vs, and Vm)
Maximum Voltage Between Common and GND : Less than +42V.
Source Modes (SMUs Only) : V (voltage source/current monitor),
I (current source/voltage monitor), and COM*.
Source Functions (SMUs Only) :
VAR 1, staircase sweep;
VARl’, synchronous (VARl) staircase sweep;
VARZ, subordinate (VARl) staircase sweep;
CONST, constant source (voltage or current).
* : In COM mode, output voltage is OV and compliance is 105mA.
Voltage/Current Sweep : Output from each SMU (voltage or current) and each Vs
(voltage) can be swept by assigning source function VARl, VARl’, or VARZ.
Max. Number of Steps : 512 in single-sweep measurements, multi-sweep measurements. up to 575 in
VARl : Main sweep. Linear or logarithmic sweep is selectable.
Linear Sweep :
Staircase sweep in accordance with the user specified
START, STOP, and STEP values.
Log Sweep : Staircase sweep in accordance with the user specified START and STOP values-and selected LOG step (10, 25, or 50 points per decade).
VAR2 :
Subordinate linear staircase sweep in accordance with the user speci- fied START, STEP, an NO. OF STEPS values.
VAR2 source channel output is incremeneted one STEP each time the VARl source channel completes one sweep.
VARl’ : Staircase sweep synchronized with the VARl sweep. Sweep is made with a user specified, fixed ratio or offset value. VARl’ output is calculated as :
VARl’ = a x VARl (fixed ratio)
VARl’ = b + VARl (fixed offset) where “al* is the user-specified ratio (from 20.01 to +lO) and ‘lb” is the user-specified offset value. Ratio and offset must be such that the VARl’ source channel does not exceed its maximum output limit.
HOLD TIME : 0 to 650 seconds,
1Oms resolution (max.). Accuracy is _+0.5%+9ms.
DELAY TIME : 0 to 6.5 seconds, lms resolution. Accuracy is +O.l%+5xN for
GRAPHICS and SCHMOO plots and +O.l%+lOxN for LIST and MATRIX displays.
Where N is the number of measurement channels used in the measurement.
Output Sequence : The order in which the source channels begin output is fully programmable.
Measurement Modes : SINGLE, REPEAT, APPEND
Integration Time (at each measurement point) : SHORT, 3.6ms; MED, 20ms at 50Hz line frequency, 16.7ms at 60Hz line frequency; LONG, 16 times MED. l-8
Model 4145A SECTION I
Table l-l. Specifications (Sheet 5 of 8)
Display : CRT. Electrostatic minized P-3 1 phosphor.
DISPLAY FUNCTIONS focus and deflection,
Screen Size : 16cm (6.25in) diagonal.
Screen Resolution : 2048 x 2048 points. post accelerated.
Alu-
Display Characters and Symbols :
Upper-case alphabetic characters, numerics, comma ( ) @ R O
5 % # y CL k, e7 my I-I, n, P, +, -) *, /, J- 7 A . All are
.
Display Modes : GRAPHICS, LIST, MATRIX, SCHMOO, and TIME DOMAIN.
GRAPHICS Display : Two-axes (X-Y) or three-axes measured parameters and USER FUNCTION calculations.
(Y-Y, -Y2) plot of
LIST Display : Used in conjunction with VARl sweep. Up to six measure- ment parameters and USER FUNCTION results can be displayed for each step of the VARl source channel.
MATRIX Display : Used in conjunction with VARl and VAR2 sweeps. Up to six columns of sweep-dependent measurement results or USER FUNCTION results can be displayed.
SCHMOO Display : Used in conjunction with VARl and VAR2 sweeps.
Sweep-dependent measurement results or calculation results are displayed on an X-Y-Z graph.
TIME DOMAIN Display : Measurement and calculation results are displayed on a two-axes (X-Y) or three-axes (X-Y, -Y2 ) graph as a function of time.
VARl sweep is replaced by time.
Parameters : Initial Wait Time, 0 to 100 seconds (1 Oms resolution);
Measurement Interval, 1Oms to 10 seconds (1 Oms resolution); Number of
Readings, 5 12. l-9
SECTION I
Model 4145A
TRhle l-l. Srwcifimtions (Sheet G of 8)
ARITHMETIC AND ANALYSIS FUNCTIONS
Arithmetic Functions : Arithmetic expressions can be entered directly from the front panel. Results are displayed on the CRT. and executed
Arithmetic
(common
Operators : +, -, *, /, /- , EXP (Napierian constant), LOG log), LN (natural log), ** (exponentiation),
(scientific notation), and A (differential calculation).
ABS (absolute), EEX
Keyboard Operation : Arithmetic expressions are executed by pressing the EXECUTE key. Results are displayed on the CRT.
USER FUNCTION : Up to two USER FUNCTION can be defined as arith- metic expressions. USER FUNCTIONS are executed during measurement and the results are displayed with measurement results.
Physical Constants : Three commonly used physical constants are perma- nently stored in memory. The stored value of each constant has seven-digit accuracy but only the five most significant digits are displayed. q : Electron Charge, 1.6O2189x1O-1g C k : Boltzmann’s Constant, 1.380662~10 -2 3 J/ O K e : Dielectric Constant of vacuum, 8.854185~10 -12F/m.
Engineering Units : m (10V3 ), p (lo+ ), n (lo-’ ), p (10-12)
Analysis Functions :
Overlay Graph Comparison :
A GRAPHIC plot can be stored and later recalled to obtain an overlay comparison of two measurements. -A SCHMOO plot can also be stored, but when the RECALL key is pressed, only the stored plot is displayed. Pressing RECALL a second time redisplays the previous plot. Only one set of data can be stored and scaling information is not included.
Auto Retrieve Function : Measurement data obtained in any display mode is automatically redisplayed whenever the display mode is changed. However, when the value of a measurement setup parameter is changed, all measurement data is cleared.
MARKER : On a GRAPHICS plot, the MARKER can be moved along a plotted curve or line. The X, Y1 , and Y2 coordinates at the MARKER location are digitally displayed on the CRT.
INTERPOLATE : Allows positioning of the MARKER between two measurement points. The X, Y1, and Ye coordinates at the MARKER location are estimated and digitally displayed on the CRT.
CURSOR : On a GRAPHICS plot, the CURSOR is two intersecting and perpendicular lines which can be positioned at any point on the graph. There are two GRAPHICS cursors : LONG and SHORT. The X, Y 1, and Y2 coordinates at the CURSOR location are digitally displayed on the CRT.
On a SCHMOO plot the CURSOR highlights the symbol at a measurement point and only the Z-axis value is digitally displayed on the CRT.
On LIST and MATRIX displays the CURSOR is a moveable pointer ( b ). l-10
Model 4145A
SECTION I
T:,hlp
A - - . . - A l-l _ Snp~ifimtinm
A. -p----‘- - . , * - . . . . . , fS.hppt
\ - . . - - -
7 nf $2)
, _a . , ,
AUTO SCALE : GRAPHIC plots can be automatically resealed after meas- surement, providing optimum display of measurement results.
ZOOM Function (t-t, +-+ , 3 , $ ) : Used in conjunction with the CURSOR on GRAPHIC plots. Expands (+-3, i ) or contracts (+-t, t ) the graph in the indicated direction and in reference to the CURSOR location.
MOVE WINDOW : Repositions the LONG or SHORT CURSOR to the exact center of the plot area and moves displayed plots in reference to the CURSOR.
LINE : Draws a straight line between two moveable cursors.
X and Y axes intercepts are digitally displayed, as are the line gradient (GRAD) and gradient reciprocal (l/GRAD) values.
MASUREMENT/DISPLAY SETUP AND STORAGE FUNCTIONS
Measurement/Display Setup : Interactive fill-in-the-blank definitions, source outputs, and measurement/display programming modes. of channel
Measurement Setup Storage : The existing measurement setup can be stored in the user-area on the flexible disc and recalled later by using the SAVE and GET keys, respectively.
Measurement Data Storage : The existing measurement results can be stored in the user-area on the flexible disc and recalled later by using the SAVE and GET key, respectively.
Auto-Sequence Program : A series of different for automatic execution. The maximum measurements number can be programmed of program steps is 24, and useable commands are GET, SINGLE, SAVE D, PLOT, PRINT, PAUSE, WAIT, and
PAGE. soft-sectored mini flex- Storage Medium : 5.25 in. single-sided, single-density, ible disc.
User-Area : 92K bytes.
Number of User Records : 131
Record Allocation : Measurement setup (file type P), 3 records;
Measurement data (file type D), 12 records;
Auto-sequence program (file type S), 1 record.
SECTION I
Model 4145A
Tahla l-l
Cnonifinotinnc
(Chant Q nf Q\
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Data Input/Output :
External CRT Analog Output : From 0 to +l Vdc’, X and Y outputs (in series with approx. 330R) Z output (in series with approx. 240R), via rear panel
BNC connectors. Frequency Bandwidth, DC - 2MHz.
External Plotter/Printer Output : Measurement data and all data appear- ing on the CRT may be output via the HP-IB to an HP plotter/printer operated in the LISTEN ONLY Mode. Output is initiated using the PLOT or PRINT key.
HP-GL Control : The CRT of the 4145A may be program controlled in the
Graphics Display Mode via an HP-IB compatible Controller.
HP-IB and Remote-Control Functions : The 4145A may be interfaced controller or other instrument having HP-IB interface capability. to any HP
(HP-IB is
Hewlett-Packard’s implementation of IEEE-488 and ANSI-MC.l.l standards.)
Self -Test Function :
At power ON, the 4145A automatically verifies its own operational status. HP-IB and DIAGNOSTICS page allow Self-Test to be performed at any time.
Operating Temperature Range: 10°C to+40°C;670% RH(40OC)
Permissible Temperature Change:51 O C/5 min.;
Maximum Wet-bulb temperature : 29 O C
Power Requirements : 199/120/22OV+lO% : 240V -10% + 5%;
48 - 66Hz; Max. 270VA
Dimensions : 426W x 235H x 612D (mm) (approx.)
Weight : Approx. 27 kg
Approx. 33kg (incuding accessories)
Model 4145A
SECTION I
Tnhlo l-9 Rnfnrnnna nata (Chant 1 r\f ‘2)
REFERENCE DATA
(The following information is reference data only.
It is not guaranteed specifications, nor does it include Test Fixture specifications.)
Measurement Time : (Response time
+ ranging time + integration measurement time)/1 point
Response Time : The following calculation is applicable where current range does not change (settling and set-up time + SMU wait time).
I
Current Range
I Settling and Set-Up Time
I
SMU Wait Time
I
Ranging Time : 4ms - 74ms (depending on range)
Measurement Time : (Ranging time must be added.)
Settling and
Set-Up
Time
I
Example :
Graphics Display Mode, write time (L5.6ms) must be added.
\
Minimum measurement time = 2.7ms + 0.2ms + 3.6ms = 6.5ms. In the d
SECTION I Model 4145A
Table l-2. Reference Data (Sheet 2 of 3)
STIMULUS/MEASUREMENT UNIT (SMU)
Offset Current when operated as a Voltmeter : 6pA + 2pA x Vo/lOO
Offset Voltage when operated as a Current Meter : 1OmV + 0.4Q x IO
Noise Characteristics : (all values typical)
Voltage Source Noise : 0.01% of range (RMS)
Current Source Noise : 0.1% of range+3pA+O.OlpAxCg (RMS)
(Cg : Guard capacitance in pF)
Voltage Monitor : 0.02% of range (peak-to-peak)
Current Monitor : 0.3% of range + 1OpA
(peak-to-peak)
Output Overshoot : (all values typical)
Voltage Source Overshoot : 5mV
Current Source Overshoot : 1% or less
Current Range Switching Transient Noise : (All values typical)
Range Increment : 0.01% of voltage range +lOmV
Range Decrement : When switching into 1OnA or 1nA range, 1OmV + lOO/(lO +
Cx)mV where Cx = load capacitance (pF); when switching into all other ranges, 10mV.
Guard Capacitance : 5 7OOpF
Guard Potential Offset : 1mV (typical)
Guard Current Induced Potential Error : 1OORxIg (Ig = guard current)
Voltage Sources (Vs)
Output Noise : 6 mVrms (typical)
Voltage Monitors (Vm)
Noise Level : 0.3mVp-p at 2V-range (when Integration time is set to MED or
LONG), 3mVp-p at 20V range.
REFERENCE DATA COMMON TO ALL UNITS
Noise Rejection : (Integration time set to MED or LONG.)
Normal Mode Rejection : L 60dB (typical)
Common Mode Rejection : (all values typical)
Current Source/Measurement : 2 lpA/lV
1-14
Model 4145A
Table l-2. Reference Data (Sheet 3 of 3)
ACCESSORIES FURNISHED WITH 4145A
16058A Test Fixture (includes the following subcomponents)
16058-60003
16058-60004
16058-60005
16058-60006
16058-60007
16058-60008
16058-60009
16058-60010
16058-60011
16058-61600
16058-61601
16058-61602
16058-61603
16058-61604
16058-60100
Personality Board
Teflon Blank Board
Socket Board (Transistor)
Socket Board (24-pin DIP)
Socket Board (18-pin DIP)
Socket Board (Diode)
Socket Board (8-pin package)
Socket Board (1 O-pin package)
Socket Board (12-pin package)
Connection Cable (large-to-small), 12 ea.
Connection Cable (small-to-small), 8 ea.
Miniature Clip Lead, 8 ea.
Triaxial Cable (1.5m), 4 ea.
Fixture System Cable
Accessory Case
04145-60001
Connector Plate
04145-61622 Triaxial Cable (3m), 4 ea.
04145-61630 BNC Cable (3m), 4 ea.
04145-61623 Shorting Connector
04145-61100
Software Discs (5 per box)
(including P/N 9164-0168 Head Cleaning Disc)
OPTIONS
Option 907 : Front Handle Kit (HP P/N 5061-0091)
Option 908 : Rack Flange Kit (HP P/N 5061-0079)
Option 909 : Rack and Handle Kit (HPP/N
5061-0085)
Option 9 10 : Extra Manual(HP P/N 04145-90000)
SECTION I
SECTION I
Model 4145A
Table l-3. Accessories Supplied (Sheet 1 of 5)
Shielded Test Fixture for measurement of discrete components.
Equipped with
Following subcomponents are furnished with the 16058A.
16058-60003
16058-61603
Personality Board
Triaxial Cables,
16058-61604
1.5m, 4 ea.
System Cable
Socket Board/Connection Cable Set*
(Contents are shown below.)
* Socket Board/Connection Cable Set (included in the 16058A)
No.
Dimension of Socket (Unit in mm)
HP P/N and Description
Blank teflon board for measurement of high resistance devices.
5
3
&
0 k
0.6
$8 b
0 0
0
20
4
Socket Board with two sockets. For measurement of four-pin devices, such as transistors.
1-16
4145A
No.
0
3
Table l-3. Accessories Supplied (Sheet 2 of 5)
Dimension of Socket (Unit in mm)
HP P/N and Description
16058-60006 :
Socket Board for 24 pin DIP ICs. on -- -w-w II
I
II0 B-B- - - II
2.54
16.54
SECTION I
16058-60007 :
Socket Board for 18 pin DIP ICs.
0
4
0
5
2.54 no
--m---m 0
9
Q-El
20 w
30
-
-.e lt-
M
1.14
16058-60008 :
Socket Board with two pairs of sockets for measurement of axial lead devices such as diodes.
16058-60009 :
Socket Board with an 8-pin socket.
0
6
16058-60010 :
Socket Board with a lo-pin socket.
0
7
16058-60011 :
Socket Board with a 12-pin socket.
0
8
1-17
SECTION I
No.
0
9
Model 4145A
Table l-3. Accessories Supplied (Sheet 3 of 5)
Dimension of Socket (Unit in mm)
HP P/N and Description
Cable length : Approx. 115 16058-61600 :
Connect ion Cable (large-t o-Small) used for interconnecting the Personality Board to the Socket Board. Twelve cables are furnished.
Cable length : Approx. 115 16058-61601 :
Connect ion Cable (small-to-small) used for interconnecting the Connect ion
Switch to the Socket Board. Eight cables are furnished.
0
11
Cable length : Approx. 115 16058-61602 :
Miniature Clip Lead used for direct connection to DUT. Eight leads are furnished.
16058-60100 :
Carrying-case for all 16058A accessories.
Configuration
Description
Connector Plate (04145-60001) :
Connector Plate for measurements made without the 16058A. For example, direct connection for a wafer probe. Dimensions are given below.
1-18
Model 4145A
Configuration
Table l-3. Accessories Supplied (Sheet 4 of 5)
Description
Three-meter triaxial (m) Cable
(04145-61622):
Triaxial (m) cable for connection between the 4145A’s SMU terminals and the
Connector Plate. Cable length is 3m.
Four cables are furnished.
Refer to
Figure 3-35 for the usage.
SECTION I
Three-meter BNC (m) Cable
(04145-61630):
BNC (m) cable for connection between the 4145A’s Vs or Vm terminals and the
Connector Plate. Cable length is 3m.
Four cables are furnished.
Figure 3-35 for the usage.
Refer to
Shorting Connector (04145-61623) :
Allows SMU output voltage to exceed
+42V when the 16058A Test Fixture is not used. With the Shorting Connector connected to the System Cable connector on the rear panel, the instrument’s fixture-lid-open the instrument detector lid-closed condition. assumes is disabled, and a fixture-
WARNING
A POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD
EXISTS WHEN THE SHORTING
CONNECTOR IS CONNECTED
TO THE 4145A. DO NOT TOUCH
THE OUTPUT TERMINAL OR
INNER CONDUCTOR
DURING MEASUREMENT.
OF SMU
_
SECTION I
Model 4145A
Configuration
Table l-3. Accessories Supplied (Sheet 5 of 5)
Description
1 rA %au
Software Discs (04145-61100) :
Disc set includes 5 Software Discs, Cleaning
Disc (P/N: 9164-0168), labels, and write-protect tabs. If extra discs are required, order the 16261A Software Disc
Set. It contains 5 software Discs.
Note
Software discs purchased individually. cannot be l-20
-3 --
---
Model 4145A
SECTION II
SECTION II
INSTALLATION
Z-l. INTRODUCTION
2-2. This section provides installation instruc- tions for the Model 4145A Semiconductor
Parameter Analyzer. This section also includes information on initial inspection and damage claims, preparation for using the 4145A, and packaging, storage, and shipment.
2-3. INITIAL INSPECTION
2-4. The 4145A Semiconductor
Parameter
Analyzer, as shipped from the factory, meets all the specifications listed in Table l-l. Upon receipt, inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been checked mechanically and electrically. The contents of the shipment should be as shown in
Figure l-l. The procedures for checking the general electrical operation are given in Section
III (Paragraph
3-10 SELF ,,,TEST) and the procedures for checking the 4145A Semicon- ductor Parameter Analyzer against its specifications are given in Section IV. First, do the self test. If the 4145A is electrically questionable, then do the Performance Tests to determine whether the 4145A has failed or not.
If the contents are incomplete, if there is mechanical damage or defects (scratches, dents, broken switches, etc.), or if the performance does not meet the self test or performance tests, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office (see list at back of this manual). The HP office will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for claim settlement.
2-5. PREPARATION FOR USE
2-6. POWER REQUIREMENTS
2-7. The 4145A requires a power source of 100,
120, 220 Volts ac +lO%, or 240 Volts ac +5%-lo%,
48 to 66Hz single phase; power consumption is
270VA maximum.
WARNING
IF THE INSTRUMENT
ENERGIZED VIA AN
IS TO BE
EXTERNAL
AUTOTRANSFORMER
VOLTAGE REDUCTION,
UNIT FOR
BE SURE
THAT THE COMMON TERMINAL IS
CONNECTED TO THE NEUTRAL
POLE OF THE POWER SUPPLY.
2-8. Line Voltage and Fuse Selection
CAUTION
BEFORE TURNING THE 4145A LINE
SWITCH TO ON, VERIFY THAT THE
INSTRUMENT IS SET TO THE
VOLTAGE OF THE POWER TO BE
SUPPLIED.
2-9. Figure 2-l provides instructions for line voltage and fuse selection.
The line voltage selection switch and the proper fuse are factory installed for 100 or 120 volts ac operation.
CAUTION
USE PROPER FUSE FOR LINE
VOLTAGE SELECTED.
CAUTION
MAKE SURE THAT ONLY FUSES
FOR THE
REQUIRED RATED
CURRENT AND OF THE SPECIFIED
TYPE
MENDED
ARE
PLACEMENT.
SHORT-CIRCUITING
USED
THE
FUSES
FOR
USE
AND
OF
RE-
OF
THE
FUSE-
HOLDERS MUST BE AVOIDED.
2-10. LINE FREQUENCY FILTER
2-11. To reject the effects of line-frequency noise, set the FILTER switch on the rear panel to the frequency of the ac power source.
2-l
SECTION II
2-12. POWER CABLE
2-13. To protect operating personnel, the
National Electrical Manufacturer’s Association
(NEMA) recommends that the instrument panel and cabinet be grounded. The Model 4145A is equipped with a three-conductor power cable which, when plugged into an appropriate receptacle, grounds the instrument. The offset pin on the power cable is the ground wire.
2-14.
To preserve the protection feature when operating the instrument from a two Contact outlet, use a three prong to two prong adapter
(HP Part No.
1251-8196) and connect the grounding tab on the adapter to power line ground.
CAUTION
THE MAINS PLUG MUST ONLY BE
INSERTED IN A SOCKET OUTLET
PROVIDED WITH A PROTECTIVE
EARTH CONTACT. THE
PRO-
TECTIVE ACTION MUST NOT BE
NEGATED BY THE USE OF AN
EXTENSION
CORD (POWER CABLE)
WITHOUT PROTECTIVE CONDUC-
TOR
(GROUNDING).
2-15. Figure 2-2 shows the available power cords, which may be used in various countries including the standard power cord furnished with the instrument. HP Part number, applicable standards for power plug, power cord color, electrical characteristics and countries using each power cord are listed in the figure. If
Model 4145A assistance is needed for selecting the correct power cable, contact the nearest Hewlett-
Packard off ice.
2-16. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
2-17. Temperature.
The instrument may be operated in temperatures from +lO°C to +40 OC.
2-l 8. Humidity. The instrument may be operated in environments with relative humidities to ‘7 0% at 40 O C.
However, the instrument should be protected from temperature extremes which cause condensation within the instrument.
2-19. INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS
2-20. The HP Model 4145A can be operated on the bench or in a rack mount. The 4145A is ready for bench operation as shipped from the factory.
For bench operation a two-leg instrument stand is used. For use, the instrument stands are designed to be pulled towards the front of instrument.
2-21. Installation of Options 907, 908 and 909.
2-22. The 4145A can be installed in a rack and be operated as a component of a measurement system.
Rack mounting information for the
4145A is presented in Figure 2-3.
22ov-
IOOV OPERATION 12OV OPERATION
12ov* 22ove ir
240V N
r Ioovw
12ov-
IOOV-
220V OPERATION
22ow 12ov-
240V OPERATION
Fuse : 2.5A 250V 2,
(HP P/N: 2110-0015)
Fuse : 1.25A 250V CL
(HP P/N : 2110-0305)
Figure 2-l. Voltage and Fuse Selection.
Model 4145A
SECTION II
OPTION 900
United Kingdom OPTION 901
Australia/New
Zealand
Plug : BS 1363A, 250V
Cable : HP 8120-1351
OPTION 902
4. Neutral
European Continent
/
*
Line
3
Plug: NZSS 198/AS C112, 250V
Cable : HP 8120-l 369 y
OPTION 903
Earth
Neutral
U.S./Canada
Earth
Plug : CEE-VII, 250V
Cable : HP 8120- 1689
OPTION 905*
-1, d- Line
Any country
Line
Neutral
Plug: CEE 22-VI, 250V
Cable : HP 8120-1396
OPTION 912
Neutral
Plug : DHCR 107, 220V
Cable : HP 8120-2956
/
Neutral
Plug: NEMA 5-15P, 125V, 15A
Cable : HP 8120- 1378
1
OPTION 906
Earth
Line
Switzerland
Earth
Denmark
A
/ Line
Earth
.c.y
Q
Line /
Plug: SEV 1011.1959-24507
Cable : HP 8120-2104
ANeutral
-Earth
Type 12, 250V
* Plug option 905 is frequently used for interconnecting system components and peripherals.
NOTE: Each option number includes a
1 family 1 of cords and connectors of various materials and plug body configurations (straight, 90 O etc.)
Figure 2-2. Power Cables Supplied
2-3
SECTION II
2-23. STORAGE AND SHIPMENT
2-24. ENVIRONMENT
2-25. The instrument may be stored or shipped in environments within the following limits:
Storage :
Temperature •~~~..~~~
(+4 O C to +50 ’ C with discs)
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8% to 80% (RH)
Shipment :
Temperature l
****=*** -40 ’ C to +62 ’ C
(-40 O C to +50 ’ C with discs)
The instrument should be protected from temperature extremes which cause condensation inside the instrument.
2-26. PACKAGING
2-2 7. Original Packaging. Containers and materials identical to those used in factory packaging are available from Hewlett-Packard.
If the instrument
Hewlett-Packard is being _-returned to for servicing, attach a tag indicating the type of service required, return address, model number, and full serial number.
Also mark the container FRAGILE to assure careful handling. In any correspondence, refer to the instrument by model number and full serial number.
2-28. Other Packaging. The following general instructions should be used for re-packing with commercially available materials: a. Wrap instrument in heavy paper or plastic.
If shipping to Hewlett-Packard office or service center, attach tag indicating type of service required, return address, model number, and full serial number. b.
Use strong shipping container. A double-wall carton made of 350 pound test material is adequate.
C.
Use enough shock absorbing material (3 to
4 inch layer) around all sides of instrument to provide firm cushion and prevent movement inside container.
Protect control panel with cardboard.
2-4
Model 4145A d. Seal shipping container securely. e. Mark shipping container ensure careful handling.
FRAGILE to f. In any instrument correspondence, refer to by model number and full serial number . d
Model 4145A
Option
907
908
909
Kit
Part Number
Handle Kit
5061-009 1
Rack Flange Kit
5061-0079
Rack Flange &
Handle Kit
5061-0085
SECTION II
Parts Included
Part Number
I
Q’ty
Remarks
Front Handle
Trim Strip
X8-32 x 3/8 Screw
Rack Mount Flange
X8-32 x 318 Screw
Front handle
Rack Mount Flange
X8-32 x 3/8 Screw
@
@
5060-990 1
5020-889 8
2510-0195
@ 5020-8864
2510-0193
@ 5060-990 1
@ 5020-8876
2510-0194
2
2
6
2
6
2
2
6
9.525mm
9.525mm
15.875mm
1. Remove adhesive-backed trim strips @ from side at right and left front of instrument.
2. HANDLE INSTALLATION : Attach front handle @ to sides at right and left front of instrument with screws provided attach trim @to handle. and
3. RACK MOUNTING : Attach rack mount flange @ to sides at right and left front of instrument with screws provided.
4. HANDLE
AND RACK MOUNTING :
Attach front handle @ and rack mount flange @ together to sides at right and left front of instrument with screws provided.
5. When rack mounting (3 and 4 above), remove all four feet (lift bar at inner side of foot, and slide foot toward the bar).
Figure 2-3. Rack Mount Kit.
2-5
Model 4145A
SECTION III
3-l. INTRODUCTION
3-2. This section provides all the information necessary to operate the Model 4145A
Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer. Included are descriptions of the front and rear panels, graphics display, lamps, and connectors; discussions on operating procedures and measuring techniques for typical applications; and instructions on the instruments self-test function and HP-IB capabilities. A breakdown of the contents of this section is given in Figure
3-l. Warnings and cautions are given throughout; they must be observed to insure operator safety and continued instrument serviceability.
WARNING
BEFORE
TURNED
THE INSTRUMENT
ON, ALL PROTECTIVE
IS
EARTH TERMINALS, EXTENSION
CORDS, AUTO-TRANSFORMERS AND
DEVICES CONNECTED TO
THE
INSTRUMENT MUST BE CONNECTED we
Basic Operation
(paragraphs 3-3 through 3-39)
TO A PROTECTIVE EARTH-
GROUNDED SOCKET. ANY INTER-
RUPTION OF THE PROTECTIVE
EARTH GROUNDING WILL CAUSE A
POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD THAT
COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS
PERSONAL INJURY.
ONLY FUSES OF THE REQUIRED
RATED CURRENT AND OF THE
SPECIFIED TYPE SHOULD BE USED.
DO NOT USE REPAIRED FUSES OR
SHORTED FUSEHOLDERS. TO DO SO
CAN CAUSE A SHOCK OR FIRE
HAZARD.
CAUTION
BEFORE THE INSTRUMENT IS
TURNED ON, IT MUST BE SET TO
THE VOLTAGE OF THE POWER somcx (MAINS), 0R DAMAGE ~0
THE INSTRUMENT MAY RESULT.
Graphics Display
(paragraphs 3-40 through 3-76)
Measurement Basics
(paragraphs 3-77 through 3-89)
Extended Capabilities
(paragraphs 3-90 through 3-l 26)
* HP-IB Capabilities
* PLOT Function
* PRINT Function
* External Display
* Disc Copy
* Head Cleaning
Figure 3-l. Contents of Section III.
3-l
SECTION III
3-3. PANEL FEATURES
3-4.
The front and rear panels of the 4145A are briefly described in Figures 3-2 and 3-3, respectively. Detailed information is given starting in paragraph 3-5.
Model 4145A i/’
-1 h ; c c - . - _ _ _
-
D LINE ON/OFF:
_,
Applies ac line power to the instrument when set to the ON (I) position.
Removes ac line power when set to the OFF
(I> position. SELF TEST is performed each time the instrument is turned on.
After SELF TEST is performed, the start-up
MENU is displayed.
3 CRT DISPLAY:
Displays all measurement setups, measure- ment results, softkey labels, special user functions, operator messages, error codes and messages, and warnings. All displays can be dumped directly onto an HP-IB plotter, without a controller, by pressing the
PLOT key @ .
If an HP-IB controller, fluent in HP-GL (Hewlett-Packard Graphics
Language), is connected, the CRT can be used as an independent graphics display.
Refer to paragraph 3-103 and 3-107 for details.
0
SOFTKEYS :
These eight keys are used for measuremen’ setup, parameter selection, and functior selection. The function of each softkey i! defined by the operating system software and changes depending on the
Pagt displayed. Softkeys labels are displayed or the CRT @ in the form of a “softke: prompt” (SKP). Each time the SKP changes the functions of the corresponding softke! changes. Pressing the EXTN (extended displays additional softkey functions. I description for each softkey function i: provided in the description of the page 01 which it appears.
@ PAGE CONTROL Keys:
These three keys control paging on the CR’
0
Refer to paragraph 3-40 for z description of the PAGE concept.
MENU : When pressed, returns the displa: to the start-up menu. Can be usec anytime except during measure ment or auto-calibration functioning. or othe
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 1 of 6).
3-2
---.
- - - - - _ - -
Model 414.5A
SECTION III
NEXT: Advances the display automatically settings. changes the
PREV : Returns the display to the previous page*
Each time this key is pressed, the instrument checks the presently displayed page for any illegal settings. to the next page.
Each time this key is pressed, the instrument checks the presently displayed page for any illegal settings, and if it detects any errors, corresponding it displays error message the and does not advance to the next page,
Qr
3 MEASUREMENT Keys :
These keys start and stop the measurement.
After all measurement conditions have been set and the GRAPHICS PLOT page, LIST
DISPLAY page, MATRIX DISPLAY page, or
SCHMOO PLOT
Page is displayed, measurement is started by pressing SINGLE,
REPEAT, or APPEND. Measurement can be stopped by pressing STOP. Measurement is a sequential operation consisting of voltage or current sweep, measure-ment, and storage of the measurement result.
SINGLE: When this key is pressed, results of the previous measurement are erased from memory, the new measurement is made, and the results are stored in memory.
REPEAT : When this key is pressed, measurement is repeatedly made until STOP is pressed. Results of the previous measurement are updated during each new mea- surement.
APPEND : Functions similarly to the
SINGLE key except that results of the previous measurement are not erased from memory of the
CRT. Results of a measurement made using this key are stored in the remaining unused portion of memory and are displayed over
(overlay plot) the previous plot.
Measurement can be made using this key until
“Buffer full” is displayed.
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 2 of 6).
STOP : Immediately stops the measure- ments.
@ AUTO SEQ Key:
These keys start and stop the ASP (Auto
Sequence Program) listed on the SETUP
AUTO SEQUENCE page*
Refer to paragraph 3-61 for details on Auto Sequence
Programs.
START/STOP : Starts the ASP from line 1.
If pressed during the ASP, the ASP stops immediately.
Once stopped, the ASP cannot be continued from the stop point.
CONT: If the ASP contains a
PAUSE statement, this key continues the program from the line immediately follow- ing the PAUSE statement.
@ INTEG TIME Keys:
These keys are used to select the digital integration time. When MED or LONG integration is selected, the integration time is an integral number of the line frequency period, eliminating line frequency noise.
SHORT is the initial control setting. The integration time can be changed at any time, even during measurement.
SHORT : Measurement directly into data memory is stored without integration.
MED :
Integration time is set to one line frequency period. Sixteen samples are taken at each measurement point.
LONG: Integration time is set to sixteen line frequency periods. A total of
256 samples are taken at each measurement point.
3-3
SECTION III
Model 4145A
9 HP-IB Status Indicators and LOCAL Key :
These four LED lamps-SRQ,
TALK, and REMOTE-indicate
LISTEN, the status of the 4145A when interfaced with a controller via the HP-IB, or connected directly to a printer/plotter.
The LOCA-L key, when pressed, releases the 4145A from remote
(HP-IB) control and enables control from the front panel. The LOCAL key does not function when the instrument is set to local lockout by the controller or in the GL mode.
9 PLOT and PRINT Keys
The PLOT key is used to dump whatever is displayed on the CRT directly onto an HP-IB plotter (e.g., HP9872C), without a controller. Plot area can be set from the
4145A’s front panel. Plotting starts when
EXECUTE is pressed. Pressing PLOT a second time stops the plot immediately.
Refer to paragraph 3-117 for more information on the PLOT function. The
PRINT key functions similarly to the PLOT key except that a printer is used instead of a plotter and only alphanumeric data is output. If the PRINT key is used to output the results of a graphic plot, for example, only the numeric value of each measurement point is printed. Refer to paragraph 3-l 19 for more information the PRINT function. on
.
@ BLUE Key and GREEN Key:
These keys are used to access additional key functions. Additional key functions are labeled in blue and green.
BLUE Key: This key is used when entering comments, varia- bles, and program names.
Once this key is pressed
(key indicator lamp on), it remains on until pressed again. When the CHANNEL
DEFINITION page is dis- played or when a SAVE/GET operation, COMMENT ope- ration or PURGE operation is being performed, the
BLUE key is automatically set to ON (key indicator lamp on).
GREEN Key : This key is used wher entering physical constants and certain special sym- bols. It is valid for one key-in operation only; that is, it must be pressed each time a green-labeled function is desired. key
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 3 of 6).
3-4
Model 4145A
3 ENTER Key:
This key is used to enter parameter values, alphanumeric characters, special charac- ters, and unit indicators displayed on the
Keyboard Input Line (see Figure 3-5) into the internal display buffer. When this key is pressed, data displayed on the Keyboard
Input Line is moved to the display field indicated by the field pointer ( ,> and stored in the display buffer. Data stored in the display buffer by the ENTER key can be recalled (redisplayed on the Keyboard Input
Line) by pressing the RECALL Key 19 Up to 60 characters can be entered in o the buffer, but only 27 characters can be displayed at one time. To display the rest of the buffer contents, use the BACK key or
FORWARD key.
3 EXECUTE Key:
This key executes GET, SAVE, PRINT,
PLOT, PURGE, and REPACK commands, and arithmetic expressions displayed on the
Keyboard Input Line.
Note : The PURGE and REPACK com- mands are available only when the
USER FILE CATALOG is displayed.
3 CURSOR Control Keys : -’
These keys control the positioning of the field pointer (b) and the long and short cursors.
(They do not control the cursor on the Keyboard Input Line.)
Field Pointer Control :
Pressing the 0 , c> , 0 , or G key moves the field pointer (,) in the indicated direction. The FAST key cannot be used for field pointer control.
Long/Short Cursor Control :
Pressing the 0 , 0 , 0 , or 0 key moves the cursor in the indicated direction. Movement continues until the key is released.
Two direction-keys can be pressed simultaneously to move the cursor diagonally. Pressing the FAST key in conjunction with one or two of the direction keys, causes the cursor to move more rapidly.
SECTION III
1 MARKER Control Dial :
This dial controls the marker ( @ or *) on the GRAPHICS PLOT page. Rotating the dial clockwise moves the marker from the sweep start point to the sweep stop point.
0
5 AUTO CAL KEY:
This key enables continuous auto-calibration of the 4145A. The AUTO CAL function is set to ON (key indicator lamp on) when the instrument is turned on. Refer to paragraph
3-37 for details.
@, 8, @ DATA ENTRY Keys :
These keys are used to enter numeric values, arithmetic operators, and engineering units.
Data entered with these keys is displayed on the CRT’s Keyboard
Input Line and entered into the display buffer by pressing the ENTER key 0 . An arithmetic expression entered with these keys is executed by pressing the EXECUTE key.
@ Engineering Unit Keys :
Four engineering units are available-m
(milli, 10-S ), u (micro, 1O’6 ), n (nano, 10mg ), and p (pica,
1 O-l2 )-for use with the numeric keys @.
0 Arithmetic Operator and Function Keys :
Nine arithmetic operators and functions are available-+, -,
*, /, 4-9 a, (,I, EEX
(scientific notation)--for use in arithmetic calculations. Five additional operator and functions are available with the alphabetic
(blue) keys : w (exponentiation), LOG,
LN (natural log), EXP (natural base), and
ABS (absolute). The SPACE key is also included in this key group.
@ Numeric Keys :
These keys-0 through 9 and decimal point-are used for entering measurement parameter values and for making quick arithmetic calculations.
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 4 of 6).
---- --
3-5
SECTION III
Model 4145A
3-6
EDIT Keys :
These keys are used to edit data displayed on the Keyboard Input Line.
BACK :
FORWARD:
DELETE :
Moves the Keyboard Input
Line cursor (-) left one position. If this key is pressed while the cursor is at the left-most position, the displayed text will move to the right.
Moves the Keyboard Input
Line cursor (- ) right one position. If this key is pressed while the cursor is at the right-most position, the displayed text will move to the left.
Causes the character at the position of the cursor to be deleted. The cursor remains at the same position and all text to the right of the deleted character moves one position to the left as each character is deleted.
INSERT :
RECALL :
CLEAR :
Causes the character at the position of the cursor and all text to the right of the cursor to move right one position, leaving a space at the position of the cursor and all0 wing insertion of additional characters. To exit from this mode, press
INSERT a second time.
Causes previous entries or executions to be re-displayed on the Keyboard Input Line.
Clears all text from the
Keyboard Input Line and returns the cursor to the home (left-most) position.
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 5 of 6).
Model 4145A
D USER FILE Keys :
These keys are used to store program or data files onto the disc or to recall them.
SAVE :
GET :
Used to store the existing measurement setup, mea- surement result, or auto-sequence program onto the flexible disc. Press
SAVE, enter the file type (P for a measurement setup, D for a measurement result, S for an auto-sequence program), file name, and comment (if necessary), and then press EXECUTE 0.
Used to recall a measure- ment setup, measurement result, or auto-sequence program from the flexible disc.
Press GET, enter the file type (P for a mea- surement setup,
D for a measurement result, S for an auto-sequence program), and file name, and then press
EXECUTE 0.
SECTION III
@ MEASURING Lamp:
This lamp comes on when the 4145A is measuring. When measurement is com- pleted or when the STOP key is pressed, this lamp goes off immediately.
@J CRT Adjustment :
INTENSITY determines the brightness of traces displayed on the CRT. FOCUS adjusts the writing well-defined traces. beam for sharp,
0
3 FLEXIBLE DISC DRIVE:
Accommodates single-density, a 92K byte, single-sided,
5-l/4 inch flexible disc, and functions as the 4145A’s mass storage unit
(MSU). The lamp, located in the upper left-hand corner of the drive unit door, comes on when the 4145A is reading data from the disc. To open the door, press firmly on the center of the door until an audible click is heard, then release the door. information
Refer to paragraph 3-5 for on proper handling of the flexible disc.
Figure 3-2. Front Panel Features (Sheet 6 of 6).
3-7
SECTION III
Model 4145A
D Voltage Monitor (Vm) Input Connectors :
Two female BNC connectors for input to
Vml and Vm2. Used in applications in which a user-faQricated test fixture is used. These connectors cannot be connected to the
16058A Test Fixture. Maximum allowable input voltage is +2OV de.
3 Voltage Source (Vs) Output Connectors :
Two female BNC connectors for Vsl and vs2. Used in applications in which a user-fabricated test fixture is used. These connectors cannot be connected to the
16058A Test Fixture. voltage is +2OV dc.
Maximum output
3 SMU Output Connectors:
Four triaxial connectors for SMUl through
4. Can be connected to the 16058A Test
Fixture or to a user-fabricated test fixture.
Each connector outputs or measures up to
+lOOV or *lOOmA.
@ COM (COMMON)-GROUND Terminals :
Common (+) and Ground (A) for floating and grounded measurements. The common terminal is tied directly to the outer-conductor of the Vm @ , Vs @ , and
SMU @ connectors; the ground terminal is tied directly to the instrument chassis. For grounded measurements, these terminals must be interconnected using the shorting- bar. For floating measurements, disconnect the shorting-bar.
WARNING
A POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD
MAY EXIST WHEN COMMON IS
NOT CONNECTED TO GROUND
~;ES;;G-BAR DISCO N-
DO NOT,
REGARDLESS OF THE OUTPUT
VOLTAGE,
COMMON
TOUCH
TERMINAL
THE
OR
OUTER CONDUCTOR OF THE
SMU, Vs, OR Vm CONNECTORS
DURING A FLOATING MEA-
SUREMENT
(SHORTING-BAR
DISCONNECTED).
Figure 3-3. Rear Panel Features (Sheet 1 of 2).
3-8
Model 4145A
@ FILTER Switch:
This switch determines the measurement integration time, to reduce the effects of line-frequency noise. Set this switch to the frequency of the ac power source.
@ System Cable Connector :
Twenty-four pin connector for inter- connection between the 16058A Test
Fixture and the 4145A. Vsl, Vs2, Vml, Vm2, and the fixture-lid-open connected to this connector. detector are
When the
16058A is not used, this connector should be terminated shorting-termination with the if voltages furnished exceeding
+42V are to be output.
WARNING
WHEN
TERMINATION
THE SHORTING-
IS CONNECTED
TO THE
CONNECTOR,
SYSTEM CABLE
THE
4145 A’S
PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT IS
DISABLED. VOLTAGES AT THE
SMU AND Vs OUTPUTS CAN
REACH +lOOV AND
RESPECTIVELY. DO
-+2ov,
NOT
TOUCH THE POINT OR POINTS
AT WHICH THE%.* SMU’S OR
VOLTAGE
CONNECTED.
SOURCES ARE
3
FUSE Holder :
The 4145A’s power-line fuse is installed in this holder. lOOV/12OV operation :
2.5AT, 250V (HP P/N : 2110-0015)
2OOV/24OV operation :
1.25AT, 250V (HP P/N : 2110-0305)
SECTION III
@ LINE VOLTAGE SELECTOR Switches
These switches select the appropriate ac operating voltage. Selectable voltages are lOOV/12OV+lO% and 22OVklO% / 24OV+5%
-10% (48 - 66Hz). Refer to paragraph 2-5.
@ LINE Input Receptacle :
AC power cable is connected to this receptacle. Refer to paragraph 2-5.
0
Switch :
This switch sets the 4145A’s HP-IB address
(0 - 30), data output format (COMMA or
CR/LF), and interface capability (EOI ON or OFF). Specific information on this switch is given in paragraph 3-97.
0
:
Twenty-four pin connector; connects the
4145A to the HP-IB for remote operations.
Also used to connect a printer/plotter.
@ External CRT Output Connectors :
Three BNC (f) connectors for connection to an external X-Y-Z display. Refer to paragraph 3-l 2 1.
Figure 3-3. Rear Panel Features (Sheet 2 of 2).
3-9
SECTION III
3-5. FLEXIBLE DISC HANDLING
3-6. Five work-discs and one head-cleaning disc are furnished with the 4145A. Each work-disc contains the required operating system software, four general purpose measurement setups, and 33.5K bytes of user area.
Installation and removal procedures for the disc are shown in Figure 3-4. Precautions on handling and storing the flexible discs are given below.
1. When not in use, each disc should be placed in its own outer jacket. Exposed areas of the disc should be completely covered by the jacket.
2.
Store discs in an upright position. Do not stack or pile discs.
3. Store discs in a clean, dry, fireproof cabinet. Do not expose to direct sunlight, extremes of temperature or humidity, or magnetic fields.
4. Do not touch the exposed surface of the disc.
5. Do not apply strong pressure to the protective jacket. When labelling a disc, use a felt-tip pen. Do not use a pencil or ball-point pen.
6.
Do not bend the discs. -‘.
Model 4145A
CAUTION
DO NOT INSERT ANYTHING OTHER
THAN FLEXIBLE DISCS INTO THE
DISC DRIVE.
Note
Use only the discs furnished with the
4145A.
3-7.
CRT DISPLAY
3-8. The 4145A is equipped with the HP Model
1345A Digital Display.
For complete infor- mation on the 1345A, refer to the 1345A
Operation and Service Manual, included in this binder.
3-9. Useable display area on the CRT is shown in Figure 3-5. Operator adjustments are given in
Figure 3-6.
3-10
(a) Push firmly and release.
(b) Door opens.
(c) Carefully insert or remove the disc.
(d) Push the door until clicks.
Note:
Fully insert the disc into the disc drive before closing the disc drive door.
Figure 3-4. Disc Installation and Removal.
Model 4145A
SECTION III
0 5
The CRT is sectioned into five areas, as shown in the figure. Description for each area is as follows :
Page Display Area :
The instrument’s various pages are displayed in this area. When the PLOT key is pressed, only this area is output to the plotter.
Command Display Area :
The SAVE, GET, PLOT, PRINT, PURGE and
REPACK commands are displayed in this area.
Keyboard Input Line :
All keyboard (front panel) entries are displayed in this area. Up to 60 characters can be entered but only 27 can be displayed. To edit the displayed characters, use the BACK,
FORWARD, DELETE and INSERT keys. When the RECALL key is pressed, the previous entry is re-displayed.
System Message Line :
Displays instructions, error messages, and error codes. When the instrument is turned on, instrument status is displayed.
Softkey Prompt Display Area :
Displays Softkey Prompts (SKP).
Note
@ , 0, and @ are erased by pressing the CLEAR key.
Figure 3-5. Useable Display Area.
CRT intensity and focus adjustment. sm.all flat-tip screwdriver.)
(Requires a
(1) Turn on the 4145A. The MENU page will be displayed on the CRT.
(2) Press the EXTN softkey and the DIAG softkey.
(3) Press the GDU TEST softkey. Display will .be as shown in the figure.
(4) Adjust INTENSITY @ until all three lines
(each line has a different intensity) are visible.
(0)
(5) Adjust FOCUS @ until the corners of the displayed trace are sharp.
(6) Press the MENU key.
Figure 3-6. Operator Adjustment.
3-l 1
--- -7 - - - _.
_-- y-------x .
--
SECTION III
3-10. SELF TEST
3-11. The 4145A is equipped with an automatic self-diagnostic function that is initiated each time the instrument is turned on to confirm normal operation of the instrument’s basic functions. The SELF TEST can also be initiated from the DIAGNOSTICS page or via the HP-IB.
When SELF TEST is performed at instrument turn-on, the five tests listed in Table 3-l are automatically performed. If the instrument is operating normally, the MENU page will be displayed when the SELF TEST is completed. If an error is detected, an error code will be displayed on the CRT. When SELF TEST is initiated from the DIAGNOSTICS page or via the
HP-IB, only two tests are performed (MPU test and SMU test). If the instrument fails the SELF
TEST, contact the nearest Hewlett-Packard
Service Office (see list at back of this manual).
Model 4145A
3-l ‘2. ERROR MESSAGES/ERROR CODES
3-13. Error messages and error codes are displayed on the System Message Line of the
CRT whenever an illegal operation or out-of-range measurement is made, or whenever an internal circuit fails. Error messages and error codes related to operator errors (not instrument failure) are listed in Table 3-2 and
3-3, respectively. Error codes related to instrument failure are listed in Table 3-4. If the instrument displays one of the error codes listed in Table 3-4, contact the nearest Hewlett-
Packard Sales/Service Office.
-
Note
One of the error codes listed in Table
3-4 may be displayed if the instrument is turned on after experiencing extreme change of an ambient temperature. In this case, allow the instrument to fully warm up (ignore the displayed error code), and then turn it off and on one time.
Table 3-l. 4145A SELF TEST
I
I
Test Name
MPU test
I
I
Description
Checks the basic functions of the MPU (Microprocessor Unit) by checking four ROMs (Read-Only Memory) and sixteen RAMS (Randam-Access
Memory).
I
GDU test
I
Checks the functions of the GDU (Graphics Display Unit).
I
MSU test
I
Checks the MSU (Mass Storage Unit : Flexible Disc Drive and Disc).
I
HP-IB test
I
Checks all HP-IB interface capabilities.
I
SMU test
I
Checks the basic functions of the four SMUs.
1
I
3-12
Model 4145A SECTION III
Table 3-2. Error Messages (Sheet 1 of 2)
Meaning
Corrective Action
Error Message
No source name
Duplicate name
Illegal function
Overflow
No name
No monitor channel
Illegal setup
Buffer full
An SMU that has been assigned a source mode (COM, V, or I) has not been assigned a corresponding V or I source name.
Two or more channels have the same name.
VARl, VARl’, or VAR2 is speci- fied more than once.
VARl and VARl’ are not in the same source mode.
Number of steps for VARl exceeds 512.
An attempt was made to input a value that is outside specified limits.
No name is entered in the
NAME field on the MEAS/DISP
MODE SETUP page.
No monitor channel name is entered in the NAME field on the MEAS/DISP MODE SETUP page, or the name entered in the NAME field cannot be used as a monitor channel name.
LOG Sweep : START and STdP
(Display)
(MIN and MAX) values have different
SiqS.
Current value is too high because source mode has been changed from V to I.
INTERVAL or NO. OF RDNGS for a time domain measurement is set to 0.
Duplications on the OUTPUT
SEQUENCE SETUP page.
Measurement data exceeds the capacity of the data buffer.
If the source mode is COM or V, enter a source name in the V column; if the source mode is I, enter a source name in the I column.
Re-assign the channel names.
Specify VARl, VARl’, and VAR2 only once.
Set VARl and VARl’ to the same source mode.
Change the value of START/STOP or STEP.
Enter a value that is within specified limits.
Select a name from those displayed in the softkey prompt area.
Select a monitor channel name from those displayed in the softkey prompt _ area.
Change one of the signs.
Change the current (I) value setting.
Enter correct value :
Up to 10s for INTERVAL and from 1 to 512 for NO. OF RDNGS.
Rearrange the output sequence.
Data buffer capacity is 512 measurement points for a single sweep, or up to 575
(depends on the number of monitor channels used, VAR2 steps and the number of times
APPEND is used) in other cases.
3-13
SECTION III
Model 4145A
Table 3-2. Error Messages (Sheet 2 of 2)
Meaning
Corrective Action
Error Message
Syntax error
Busy
No data
Printer/
Plotter is not connected
Not compatible
Close the fixture output disabled, close the fixture lid
Emergency
Recovered from power down
Disabled function lid
Step overflow
An illegal name was entered in a GET or SAVE command.
PLOT area is not specified, contains one or more alpha- betic characters, or is miss- ing coordinate delimiters
(comma or space).
Illegal file type.
Auto calibration is being per- formed.
PRINT Key was pressed with no measurement data in the data buffer.
No printer or plotter is con- netted to the instrument, or the printer or plotter is not set to LISTEN.
The discs used in the copy operation havedif f erent sys- tem labels, or one of the discs is not a 4145A useable disc.
The fixture lid is open at the start of a measurement in which
_ the output voltage may exceed
+42V or lid is open during the
User Mode (See Fig. 39).
The fixture lid was opened during a measurement in which the output voltage may exceed
+42V.
Output was shut down to pre- vent SMU damage.
Indicates that there was a mo- mentary power loss.
NO OF STEPS for VARl exceeds 512.
A disabled softkey was pressed.
The first character of a file name must be alphabetic, and all succeeding characters must be alphanumeric.
Re-enter the PLOT area correctly.
Use P, D, or S for the file type.
Auto calibration is performed every 5 minutes.
Perform a measurement.
Connect the printer or plotter.
Copy cannot be performed.
Close the lid or change the setup. sure the system cable is properly con- netted.
Close the fixture ment again. Do not open the fixture during measurement. system cable is properly connected.
Make
Make sure the setup and all connections are correct. lid and make the measure-
Make sure the lid
When a power loss occurs during measure- ment, output is shut down.
Press MEA-
SUREMENT key to continue the mea- surement.
Change START value, STOP value, or
STEP value.
The softkey cannot be used in the existing measurement setup.
3-14
Model 4145A
Display
Error EOl
Error E02
Error E03
Error E04
Error E05
Error E06
Error E0’7
Error E08
Error E09
Error 101
Error 102
Error 103
Error MO2
Error MO3
Error MO4
Error MO5
Error MO6
Error MO7
Error MO8
Error Ml9
Error ZOl
Error 202
Error 203
SECTION III
Table 3-3. Operational Error-Codes (Sheet 1 of 2)
Meaning
Arithmetic operator (-, +, /, *) or parenthesis is required.
EXECUTE was pressed with no executable text on the Keyboard Input
Line.
Object buffer overflow.
Improper d (delta) operation.
User function is used in the expression. (User function cannot be used in an arithmetic expression.)
No variable or constant following an arithmetic operator.
Arithmetic expression contains an undefined variable.
Too many signs or parentheses.
Constant value is too large.
Stack Register overflow.
Improper calculation was attempted.
Insufficient d data.
For example, the divisor is zero.
Disc is not inserted or is not correctly inserted.
The disc is write protected.
Illegal file name or file type.
The file name specified in the SAVE command has already been reserved for the specified file type.
Number of total files exceeds 96.
Number of total records exceeds 131.
User area may be lost. Copy immediately onto another disc.
The disc was not initialized for the 4145A.
The program specified by the GET command in the auto-sequence program contains an error. Press CONT to perform the next step of the auto-sequence program.
The SINGLE command can be executed from the GRAPHICS, MATRIX,
LIST, or SCHMOO page only. Press CONT to perform the next step of the auto-sequence program.
PLOT or PRINT was performed by the auto-sequence program but no printer/plotter is connected to the 4145A or the printer/plotter is not set to LISTEN. Press CONT to perform the next step of the auto- sequence program.
3-15
SECTION III
Display
Error 204
Data Errors
Model 4145A
Table 3-3. Operational Error-Codes (Sheet 2 of 2)
Meaning
The test fixture lid is open during an auto-sequence program in which the output voltage may exceed +42V. Press CONT to perform the next step of the auto- sequence program.
Depending on the number of channels used in the measurement, up to six 2-digit numbers are displayed, in the format shown below, whenever the measurement cannot be performed correctly.
Error DXX XX XX XX XX XX
Here, XX is a 2-digit number which represents channel status. The left-to-right order in which the 2-digit error codes appear corresponds to the order in which the channels are assigned on the MEAS/DISP
MODE SETUP page. Also, the number of 2-digit error codes that appear is identical to the number of channels used in the measurement.
The left digit of XX is hexadecimal and must be converted into a 4-digit binary number, as described below. The right digit is decimal and requires no conversion. Also, zero means no error.
-’
1 : Stack register overflow
2: Calculation error
3: Insufficient data for d measurement
..,
7: Undefined user-function
8: INTERVAL in a time domain measurement is too short.
Complete measurement data cannot be stored before the next measurement begins.
L
Convert hexadecimal number into binary.
LIIII
L
A/D converter saturated.
Oscillation
Other channel has reached compliance limit.
This channel has reached compliance limit.
Channel correspondence is shown below :
GRAPHICS PLOT :
Error DXX
X axis xx
Yl axis xx
Y2 axis
LIST DISPLAY :
Error DXX XX XX XX XX XX
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
MATRIX DISPLAY, SCHMOO PLOT :
Error DXX
3-16
Model 4145A
SECTION III
Table 3-4. Hardware-Related Error-Codes
Display Meaning
Error PO1 - PO4 One of the four ROMs (Read Only Memory) is not functioning properly.
I
Error PO5-P20
I
Error P21
One of the sixteen RAMS (Ramdom Access Memory) is not functioning properly.
MPU’s (Microprocessor Unit) peripheral circuit is not functioning properly.
I
Error MO8-Ml8
MSU (Mass Storage Unit : Flexible properly. Try another disc.
Disc and drive) is not functioning
Error A01
SMU controller is not functioning properly.
CHAN (! ! ! DOWN ! ! !)
CHAN (XX,XX,XX,XX)
SMU itself is not functioning properly. (XX indicates the SMU number and error code. Refer to Fig. 3-20.)
Note
If a momentary power loss occurs, the 4145A’s display may go blank. To recover, turn off the instrument, wait a few seconds, and then turn on the instrument.
Note
The 4145A will function properly even though error M 13 or M 14 is displayed.
3-17
SECTION III
3-14. INITIAL CONTROL SETTINGS
3-15. To facilitate operation, the instrument is automatically set to the following initial control settings each time it is turned on :
Front Panel Controls :
MEASUREMENT keys .~~~~~~.
AUTO
SEQ key
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
INTEG TIME keys •~~.~~~~~~~.
PLOT/PRINT keys •~~~~~~..~.~
AUTO CAL key
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON
BLUE key
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
Internal Setup :
CRT Display .............e....... MENU
Page
Measurement Program l
**=**** GENL
PLOT Area ........................
(see note) previously
(for external plotter) specified values
Note
Each flexible disc contains four different application programs, of which GENL is one. Refer to paragraph 3-87 for details on the furnished applications programs.
All data stored on the disc is retained; that is, the disc is not erased when the instrument is turned off.
3-l 6. USER-AREA FILING OPERATIONS
3-17. The 4145A uses a 5.25 inch, single-sided, single-density flexible disc as the storage medium for its MSU (mass storage unit). Each of the five work-discs furnished with the 4145A contains the necessary operating system software, four general purpose measurement programs, and enough user area for 131 records.
Up to 96 files can be stored in the user-area.
Note
A record is the minimum unit for storage on the disc. A file consists of
1, 3, or 12 records, depending on the file type.
Model 4145A
Three types of files can be stored in the user-area :
1.
Measurement program files-file type P :
Specifying file type P in the SAVE command reserves 3 records on the disc and stores the existing measurement setup (channel assignments, parameter settings, graphic scaling, output sequence, etc.) at the reserved S-record location.
2. Measurement data files-file type D :
Specifying file type D in the SAVE command reserves 12 records on the disc and stores the measurement setup and measurement results (GRAPHICS, LIST, nwnux, or
SCHMOO) at the reserved 12-record location.
3. Auto-sequence program files-file type S :
Specifying file type S in the SAVE command reserves 1 record on the disc and stores the existing auto-sequence program at the reserved l-record location.
For more information on file types, number of records used, etc., refer to Figure 3-30, 4145A
FILE CATALOG Page.
Four filing operations-SAVE, GET, PURGE, and
REPACK-can be performed from the front panel. Each is described below :
SAVE :
Used to store the existing measurement setup (except INTEG TIME, AUTO CAL, and sof tkey functions), the existing auto-sequence program, output sequence setup, or the measurement results. SAVE cannot be used when the disc is write-protected.
Before saving a measurement setup, a page check must be performed (refer to para. 3-44). To SAVE a file, press the SAVE key (SAVE will appear on the Keyboard Input Line of the CRT) and input the file type (P, D, or S) and file name. The file name can contain up to six characters, of which the first must be alphabetic and the last five must be alphanumeric.
J
GET :
Used to recall user-stored files from the disc. GET cannot be used to recall any of the furnished measurement programs. To
GET a file from the user-area of the disc, press the GET key (GET will appear on the
Keyboard Input Line of the CRT) and input the file type (P, D, or S) and file name. d
‘4
*
3-18
Pakua
Kiungo cha umma kime sasishwa
Kiungo cha umma kwa mazungumzo yako kimesasishwa. You may view and manage your chat links after registration here.
Kiungo cha umma cha hati
Tangazo
