HI 83224

Instruction Manual

HI 83224

Multiparameter Bench

Photometer

w w w . h a n n a i n s t . c o m

1

Dear Customer,

Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments product. Please read this instruction manual carefully before using this instrument. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for correct use of this instrument, as well as a precise idea of its versatility. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at [email protected]

or view our worldwide contact list at www.hannainst.com.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3

ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3

SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

PRECISION AND ACCURACY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ................................................................................................................................................... 8

HEALTH & SAFETY .................................................................................................................................................................................... 12

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 13

OPERATIONAL GUIDE ................................................................................................................................................................................ 15

SETUP ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19

HELP MODE ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 21

AMMONIA LOW RANGE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 22

AMMONIA HIGH RANGE ............................................................................................................................................................................ 24

CHLORINE, FREE ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

CHLORINE, TOTAL .................................................................................................................................................................................... 28

NITRATE .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30

NITROGEN, TOTAL LR ................................................................................................................................................................................ 32

NITROGEN, TOTAL HR ............................................................................................................................................................................... 37

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL LR ............................................................................................................................................................... 42

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL MR .............................................................................................................................................................. 45

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL HR .............................................................................................................................................................. 48

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 51

PHOSPHORUS, ACID HYDROLYZABLE .......................................................................................................................................................... 53

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL LR .......................................................................................................................................................................... 57

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE HR .................................................................................................................................................................... 61

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL HR .......................................................................................................................................................................... 64

ERRORS AND WARNINGS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 68

DATA MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................................................................................. 69

STANDARD METHODS ............................................................................................................................................................................... 69

ACCESSORIES .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 70

WARRANTY .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 71

HANNA LITERATURE ................................................................................................................................................................................. 71

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc.,

Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.

2

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Local Hanna Office.

Each Meter is supplied complete with:

• Ten Sample Vials

• Cloth for wiping vials (1 pcs.)

• Scissors

• Instruction Manual

Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any defective item must be returned in its original packing with the supplied accessories.

°C: degree Celsius

°F: degree Fahrenheit

COD:

Chemical Oxygen Demand

EPA:

US Environmental Protection Agency

µ g/L: micrograms per liter (ppb) mg/L: milligrams per liter (ppm) g/L: grams per liter (ppt) mL: milliliter

LR: low range

MR: medium range

HR: high range

ABBREVIATIONS

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

HI 83224 is a multiparameter bench photometer. It measures 15 colorimetry based methods. Furthermore, it can identify the samples via a bar code label placed on the vials.

The reagents are in liquid or powder form and are supplied in bottles, ready-to-use vials or in packets. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure maximum repeatability.

HI 83224 bench photometer can be connected to a PC via an USB cable. Its software companion is HI 92000

Windows

®

Compatible Software that helps the user to manage all the results.

HI 83224 has a very important feature. The samples are identified via bar code labeled vials. The corresponding bar codes for different types of analysis are shown in a table (see page 14). For those methods that don’t have predosed reagents the vials supplied with the instrument should be used. The bar code has 2 fields of 2 digits. The first field is for method identification and the other one is for reagent lot identification.

HI 83224 has a powerful interactive user support that assists the user during the analysis process.

Each step in the method is help supported on the LCD. Help functions are accessed easily by pressing the HELP key. A tutorial mode is also available.

3

SPECIFICATIONS

Light Life

Light Detector

Environment

Life of the instrument

Silicon Photocell

Power Supply

Dimensions

0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F); max 90% RH non-condensing

230Vac or 115Vac

235 x 212 x 143 mm (9.2 x 8.34 x 5.62")

Weight

2.3 Kg (5.1 lb)

For specifications related to each method (e.g. range, resolution etc.) refer to the related measurement section.

PRECISION AND ACCURACY

Precision is how closely repeated measurements agree with each other. Precision is usually expressed as standard deviation (SD).

Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test result to the true value.

Although good precision suggests good accuracy, precise results can be inaccurate. The figure explains these definitions.

For each method, the precision is expressed in the related measurement section.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Absorption of light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.

If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of substance according to the Lambert-Beer Law:

-log

I

/

I o or

A =

ε

=

ε

λ c d

λ c d

4

Where:

-log

I

/

I o

I o

I

=intensity of light beam after absorption

ε

λ

=Absorbance (A)

=intensity of incident light beam

=molar extinction coefficient at wavelength

λ c =molar concentration of the substance d =optical path through the substance

Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other factors are known.

Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents.

Given that the absorption of a compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.

The optical system of HI 83224 is based on special subminiature tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and reliable results.

Three measuring channels (at three different wavelengths) allow a wide range of tests.

Instrument block diagram (optical layout)

A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed through the sample contained in the vial. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the vial. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity

I o

or

I

.

The photoelectric cell collects the radiation

I

that is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.

The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit and to display it on the LCD.

The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual measurement is performed.

The vial has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular attention. It is important that both the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) vials are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Most methods use the same vial for both, so it is important that measurements are taken at the same optical point. Instrument measurement principle ensures this.

It is necessary that the surface of the vial to be clean and not scratched. This is to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the vial walls with hands.

Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases, it is necessary to cap the vial to prevent any contamination.

5

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1) Vial holder

2) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

3) Keypad

4) Bottom lid

5) USB connector

6) Fuse holder

7) ON/OFF power switch

8) Power supply connector

6

KEYPAD DESCRIPTION

The keypad contains 8 direct keys and 3 functional keys with the following functions:

ESC

RCL

HELP

SETUP

Press to perform the function displayed above it on the LCD.

Press to exit the current screen.

Press to access the method menu.

Press to move up in a menu or a help screen, to increment a set value, or to access second level functions.

Press to move down in a menu or a help screen, to decrement a set value, or to access second level functions.

Press to identify the bar code on the vial.

Press to recall the log.

Press to display the help screen.

Press to access the setup screen.

7

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure most accurate results.

COLLECTING AND MEASURING SAMPLES

• For adding the exact amount of sample or liquid reagent to the reagent vials it is strongly recommended to use the available Hanna automatic fixed-volume pipettes or class A laboratory pipettes (symbolized like a generic pipette tip in the following method related chapters): pipette code volume

HI 731340 200

µ

L

HI 731341 1000

µ

L

HI 731342 2000

µ

L

For correct use of the automatic pipette, please follow the related Instruction Sheet.

Alternatively, the optional HI 740142 1 mL graduated syringe or HI 740226 5 mL graduated syringe can be used.

For the correct use of the syringes, see instructions below.

1. In order to measure exactly 5 mL of reagent with the 5 mL syringe:

(a) push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the solution

(b) pull the plunger up until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 5 mL mark

(c) take out the syringe and clean the outside of the syringe tip. Be sure that no drops are hanging on the tip of the syringe, if so eliminate them. Then, keeping the syringe in vertical position above the vial, push the plunger completely down into the syringe. Exactly 5 mL has been added to the vial

8

2. In order to measure exactly 0.5 mL of reagent with the 1 mL syringe:

(a) push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the solution

(b) pull the plunger up until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 0.0 mL mark

(c) take out the syringe and clean the outside of the syringe tip. Be sure that no drops are hanging on the tip of the syringe, if so eliminate them. Then, keeping the syringe in vertical position above the vial, push the plunger down into the syringe until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 0.5 mL mark. Now the exact amount of

0.5 mL has been added to the vial, even if the tip still contains some solution

Probable level of liquid taken up by syringe

(b) (a) (c)

• Color or suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference, therefore, these should be removed by treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.

USING LIQUID AND POWDER REAGENTS

• Proper use of the dropper:

(a) to get good reproducible results, tap the dropper on the table for several times and wipe the outside of the dropper tip with a cloth

(b) always keep the dropper bottle in a vertical position while dosing the reagent

(a)

9

(b)

• Proper use of the powder reagent packet:

(a) use scissors to open the powder packet

(b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout

(c) pour out the content of the packet

(a)

(b)

(c)

USING VIALS

• Never insert hot vials in the instrument, the vial holder may become damaged.

• In order to avoid reagent leaking and to obtain most accurate results, it is recommended to close the vial tightly with the supplied cap after addition of reagents or sample.

• Shaking the vial can generate bubbles in the sample, causing higher readings. To obtain accurate measurements, remove such bubbles by swirling or by gently tapping the vial.

• Proper mixing is very important for reproducibility of the measurements. The right way of mixing a vial is specified for each method in the related chapter.

(a) invert the vial a couple of times or for a specified time: hold the vial in the vertical position with the cap up. Turn the vial upside-down and wait for all of the solution to flow to the cap end, then return the vial to the upright vertical position and wait for all of the solution to flow to the vial bottom. This is one inversion. The correct speed for this mixing technique is 10 complete inversions in 30 seconds.

This mixing technique is indicated with “invert to mix” and the following icon:

invert to mix

10

(b) shake the vial: move the vial up and down. The movement may be gentle or vigorous.

This mixing technique is indicated with “shake gently” or “shake vigorously” and one of the following icons:

shake gently

Pay attention to push the vial completely down in the holder.

shake vigorously

• Whenever the vial is placed into the measurement cell, it must be dry on the outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to insertion.

• Do not let the reacted sample stand too long after reagent is added. For best accuracy, respect the timings described in each specific method.

• It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended to take a new zero reading for each sample and to use the same vial for zeroing and measurement where possible (for most precise results follow the measurement procedures carefully).

• All the reaction times reported in this manual are at 25 °C (77 °F). In general, the reaction time should be increased for temperatures lower than 20 °C (68 °F), and decreased for temperatures higher than 25 °C (77 °F).

11

DIGESTION

• Some analytical methods require digestion of the sample. Use the

HI 839800 test tube heater for digestion. The optional

HI 740217 safety shield is strongly recommended. For correct use of the reactor follow the Reactor Instruction

Manual. At the end of the digestion period the vials are still hot, allow the vials to cool to room temperature in the optional

HI 740216 test tube cooling rack.

REAGENT BLANK CORRECTION

• Some methods require a “reagent blank correction”. The blank and the sample are prepared exactly in the same way, with the only difference that for the blank deionized water is used instead of sample.

A blank vial may be used more than once: stability and storing conditions are described for each method in the related chapter.

INTERFERENCES

• In the method related measurement sections we have reported the most common interferences that may be present in an average wastewater matrix. It may be that for a particular treatment process other compounds do interfere with the method of analysis.

HEALTH & SAFETY

• The chemicals contained in the reagent kits may be hazardous if improperly handled.

• Read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before performing tests.

• Safety equipment: Wear suitable eye protection and clothing when required, and follow instructions carefully.

• Reagent spills: If a reagent spill occurs, wipe up immediately and rinse with plenty of water.

If reagent contacts skin, rinse the affected area thoroughly with water. Avoid breathing released vapors.

• Reagent vial disposal: Reagents vials may contain different waste pollutants. After use dispose of the reagent vials according to the local regulations.

12

14

15

12

13

9

10

11

7

8

5

6

Method Method reagent set code description

1 HI 94764A-25

2

3

HI 94764B-25

HI 93701-01

HI 93701-03

4 HI 93711-01

HI 93711-03

HI 94766-50

HI 94767A-50

HI 94767B-50

HI 94754A-25

HI 94754B-25

HI 94754C-25

HI 94758A-50

HI 94758B-50

HI 94758C-50

HI 94763A-50

HI 94763B-50

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE

Method

Ammonia LR

Ammonia HR

Chlorine, Free

Chlorine, Total

Nitrate

Nitrogen, Total LR

Nitrogen, Total HR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) LR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) MR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) HR

Phosphorus, Reactive

Phosphorus, Acid Hydrolyzable

Phosphorus, Total LR

Phosphorus, Reactive HR

Phosphorus, Total HR

28

45

48

51

37

42

30

32

61

64

53

57

Page

22

24

26

13

VIAL IDENTIFICATION

Predosed vials are related to the different methods and can be identified by a bar code printed on the vial label (all methods except Free and Total Chlorine):

Bar code

Method reagent set code

HI 94764A-25

HI 94764B-25

HI 93701-01, HI 93701-03

HI 93711-01, HI 93711-03

HI 94766-50

HI 94767A-50

HI 94767B-50

HI 94754A-25

HI 94754B-25

HI 94754C-25

HI 94758A-50

HI 94758B-50

HI 94758C-50

HI 94763A-50

HI 94763B-50

Note: xx represents the reagent lot code.

Method description

Ammonia LR

Ammonia HR

Chlorine, Free

Chlorine, Total

Nitrate

Nitrogen, Total LR

Nitrogen, Total HR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) LR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) MR

Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) HR






31xx

32xx

33xx

34xx

12xx

13xx

24xx

30xx

Vial bar code

01xx

02xx

-

-

05xx

06xx

07xx

14

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

POWER CONNECTION

Connect the instrument to the AC power supply via the power cord that is supplied with the instrument.

Note: Ensure the main line is surge protected.

Note: Always turn the meter off before unplugging it to ensure no data is lost.

METHOD SELECTION

The instrument can use three operating modes in order to perform measurements: Automatic, SemiAutomatic and Manual.

Select the desired operating mode in Setup. The operating mode is related to how the desired method is selected.

Automatic

• Turn the instrument ON via the ON/OFF power switch.

• The meter will perform an autodiagnostic test. During this test, the Hanna Instrument logo will appear on the LCD.

After 5 seconds, if the test was successful, the last selected method will appear on the display.

• Take a vial from the set of vials for the method to be measured. Insert the vial into the meter and press the Zero key. The instrument will check if the vial corresponds to the current method and will perform the zero sequence. If the meter detects that the vial is for another method, it will automatically change the method and will perform the zero sequence.

• After the desired method was selected, follow the measurement procedure described in the related chapter.

• Before performing a test carefully read all the instructions related to the selected method.

• If the method identification wasn’t performed successfully the following error messages will appear:

SemiAutomatic



After 5 seconds, if the test was successful, the last selected method will appear on the display.

15

• Take a vial from the set of vials for the method to be measured. Insert the vial into the meter and press the Zero key. The instrument will check if the vial corresponds to the current method and will perform the zero sequence. If the meter detects that the vial is for another method, it will display a warning message which allows the user to change the method to the newly detected one or keep the existing method.

• After the desired method was selected, follow the measurement procedure described in the related chapter.


• If the method identification wasn’t performed successfully the following error message will appear:

Manual



After 5 seconds, if the test was successful, the last method used will appear on the display.

• In order to select the desired method press the METHOD key and the screen with the list of methods will appear.

• Press the s t keys to highlight the desired method. Press Select.

• Take a vial from the set of vials for the method to be measured. Insert the vial into the meter and press the Zero key. The instrument will check if the vial corresponds to the selected method and will perform the zero sequence. If the meter detects that the vial is for another method, it will display a warning message. The measurement can continue with the selected method by pressing the Continue key or to be stopped by pressing the Cancel key.

• After the desired method is selected, follow the measurement procedure described in the related chapter.

16


DATA MANAGEMENT

You can keep track of your results using the intrument’s data log function. Up to 200 individual measurements can be stored in the data log. Storing, viewing and deleting the data is possible using t or s and RCL keys.....

Storing data

: You can store only a valid measurement. To store a valid measurement press t or s to access the second level functions and then press Log. The measurement will be stored with date and time stamps.

Viewing and deleting

: You can view and delete the data log by pressing the RCL key. You can delete the last saved measurement. Additionally, you can delete the data records all at once.

CHEMICAL FORM

Chemical form conversion factors are pre-programmed into the instrument and are method specific. In order to view the displayed result in the desired chemical form press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the

Chem

Frm key to toggle between the available chemical forms for the selected method.

17

METHOD CHECK

Methods associated with one vial can be verified using the Method Check feature.

This feature can be used at anytime in order to avoid mistakes during the measurement procedure.

• Place the vial into the holder and push it completely down.

• Press METHOD CHECK to start the identification procedure.

• If the method identification isn’t performed successfully, the following warning messages will appear:

• If the method is successfully identified, the name is displayed:

18

SETUP

In the Setup mode the instrument’s parameters can be changed. Some parameters affect the measuring sequence and others are general parameters that change the behaviour or appearence of the instrument.

Press SETUP to enter the setup mode.

Press ESC or SETUP to return to the main screen.

A list of setup parameters will be displayed with currently configured settings. Press

HELP for aditional information.

Press the s t keys to select a parameter and depending to the parameter type, select the new value as follows:

Operating Mode

The instrument has 3 operating modes.

In Automatic mode, no user involvement is required in the method selection.

In SemiAutomatic mode, user involvement is required when a different vial is identified related to the existing method.

In Manual mode, user involvement is required at every level in the method selection.

Press the functional key to select the desired operating mode.

Backlight

Values: 0 to 8.

Press the

Modify key to access the backlight value.

Use the ⊳ u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value.

Press the

Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new value.

Contrast

Values: 0 to 20.

This option is used to set the display’s contrast.

Press the Modify key to change the display’s contrast.

Use the ⊳ u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value.

Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new value.

19

Average

Option: Enable or Disable.

This option is used to enable/disable averaged measuring mode. If enabled, the instrument takes 180 readings and displays the resulting average value. The partial average is displayed during measurement.

Press the functional key to enable or disable this option.

Date / Time

This option is used to set the instrument’s date and time.

Press the Modify key to change the date/time.

Press the ⊳ u functional keys to highlight the value to be modified (year, month, day, hour, minute or second). Use the s t keys to change the value.

Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup without saving the new date or time.

Time form.at

Option: AM/PM or 24 hour.

Press the functional key to select the desired time format.

Date format

Press the Modify key to change the Date Format.

Use the s t keys to select the desired format.

Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new format.

Language

Press the corresponding key to change the language.

If the new language cannot be loaded, the previously selected language will be reloaded.

Tutorial


If enabled this option will provide the user short guides related to the current issue, on the screen.

Press the functional key to enable/disable the tutorial mode.

20

Beeper


When enabled, a short beep is heard every time a key is pressed.

A long beep alert sounds when the pressed key is not active or an error condition is detected.

Press the functional key to enable/disable the beeper.

Instrument ID

Option: 0 to 9999.

This option is used to set the instrument’s ID (identification number). The instrument

ID is used while exchanging data with a PC.

Press the Modify key to access the instrument ID screen. Press the s t keys in order to set the desired value.

Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new value.

Meter information

Press the Select key to view the instrument model, firmware version, language version and instrument serial number.

Press ESC to return to the Setup mode.

HELP MODE

HI 83224 offers an interactive contextual help mode that assists the user at any moment.

To access the help screens press HELP.

The instrument will display additional information related to the current screen. To read all the available information, scroll the text using the s t keys.

Press the Support key to access a screen with Hanna service centers and their contact details.

Press the Accessories key to access a list of instrument reagents and accessories.

To exit support or accessories screens press ESC and the instrument will return to the previous help screen.

To exit help mode press HELP key again and the meter will return to the previously selected screen.

21

AMMONIA LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 3.00 mg/L (as NH

3

-N)

0.01 mg/L

Accuracy ±0.10 mg/L or ±5 % of reading @ 25 °C, whichever is greater

Light Source

Method

Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm

Adaptation of the

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

, Nessler method.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94764A-0*

HI 93764-0

Description

Reagent Vial

Nessler Reagent

Q.ty/test Q.ty/set

1 vial 25 vials

4 drops (0.25 mL) 1 bottle

*

Reagent Vial identification

:

01xx (xx represents the reagent lot code).

Note: Store the unused vials in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 94764A-25 Reagents for 25 tests

For other accessories see page 70.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the

Ammonia LR

method following one of the procedures described in the “Method Selection” section (see page 15).

• Remove the cap from Reagent Vial.

• Add exactly 5.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a

45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the blank.


22

Ammonia LR

• Press Zero and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the vial.

• Remove the cap and add 4 drops of HI 93764-0 Nessler Reagent.

• Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the sample.


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the message “ Reaction Time”. Alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.

4

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH second level functions and then press the

3

-N). Press s or t to access the

Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L ammonia (NH

3

).

• Press s or t to return to the measurement screen.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by:

• Organic compounds like: chloramines, various aliphatic and aromatic amines, glycine or urea above 10 ppm. To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Organic compounds like: aldehydes, alcohols (e.g. ethanol) or acetone above 0.1 %.

To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Sulfide: may cause turbidity.

23

Ammonia LR

AMMONIA HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0 to 100 mg/L (as NH

3

-N)

1 mg/L

Accuracy ±1 mg/L or ±5 % of reading @ 25 °C, whichever is greater

Light Source

Method


Adaptation of the

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

, Nessler method.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94764B-0*

HI 93764-0

Description

Reagent Vial

Nessler Reagent

Q.ty/test Q.ty/set

1 vial 25 vials

4 drops (0.25 mL) 1 bottle

*


:

02xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). GREEN RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.

Note: Store the unused vials in their container in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 94764B-25 Reagents for 25 tests



• Select

Ammonia HR


• Remove the cap from Reagent Vial.


45-degree angle.



24

Ammonia HR



• Remove the cap and add 4 drops of HI 93764-0 Nessler Reagent.

• Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the sample.


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the message “ Reaction Time”. Alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.

4

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH second level functions and then press the

3

-N). Press s or t to access the

Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L ammonia (NH

3

).


INTERFERENCES


• Organic compounds like: chloramines, various aliphatic and aromatic amines, glycine or urea above 100 ppm. To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Organic compounds like: aldehydes, alcohols (e.g. ethanol) or acetone above 1 %.

To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Sulfide: may cause turbidity.

25

Ammonia HR

CHLORINE, FREE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 5.00 mg/L Cl

2

0.01 mg/L


Light Source

Method


Adaptation of the EPA method 330.5 and

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and

Wastewater, 20

th

edition

, 4500-Cl G, DPD method. The reaction between free chlorine and the DPD reagent causes a pink tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 93701-0

Description Q.ty/test

DPD Powder Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93701-01

HI 93701-03

Reagents for 100 tests




• Select Chlorine, Free method following one of the procedures described in the “Method Selection” section (see page

15).

• Take an empty vial.

10 mL

• Fill the vial with 10 mL of unreacted sample, then replace the cap. This is the blank.


• Press Zero. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

26

Chlorine, Free

• Remove the cap and add the content of one packet of HI 93701-0 Free Chlorine

Reagent.

• Replace the cap and shake gently to mix for about 20 seconds. This is the sample.


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the message “Reaction Time”.

Alternatively, wait for 1 minute and press Read. The instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of free chlorine. Press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Log key to store the reading.


INTERFERENCES

Interferences may be caused by:

Bromine (Br

2

)

Iodine (I

2

)

Oxidized forms of Chromium and Manganese

Ozone (O

3

)

Alkalinity above 250 mg/L CaCO

3 or acidity above 150 mg/L CaCO

3 will not reliably develop the full amount of color or it may rapidly fade. To resolve this, neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO

3 adding the powder reagent.

, shake the sample for approximately 2 minutes after

27

Chlorine, Free

CHLORINE, TOTAL

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 5.00 mg/L Cl

2

0.01 mg/L


Light Source

Method




Wastewater, 20

th

edition

, 4500-Cl G, DPD method. The reaction between chlorine and the DPD reagent causes a pink tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 93711-0


DPD Powder Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93711-01

HI 93711-03





• Select

Chlorine, Total


• Take an empty vial.

10 mL

• Fill the vial with 10 mL of unreacted sample, then replace the cap. This is the blank.


• Press Zero. The instrument will perform a zero sequence and after a few seconds the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

28

Chlorine, Total

• Remove the cap and add the content of one packet of HI 93711-0 Total Chlorine

Reagent.

• Replace the cap and shake gently to mix for about 20 seconds. This is the sample.


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the message “Reaction Time”.

Alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. The instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of total chlorine. Press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Log key to store the reading.


INTERFERENCES

Interferences may be caused by:

Bromine (Br

2

)

Iodine (I

2

)

Oxidized forms of Chromium and Manganese

Ozone (O

3

)

Alkalinity above 250 mg/L CaCO

3 or acidity above 150 mg/L CaCO

3 will not reliably develop the full amount of color or it may rapidly fade. To resolve this, neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO

3 adding the powder reagent.

, shake the sample for approximately 2 minutes after

29

Chlorine, Total

NITRATE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

0.0 to 30.0 mg/L NO

3

--N

Resolution 0.1 mg/L


Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm

Method Chromotropic acid method. The reaction between nitrate and the reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94766V-0*

HI 93766-0

Description

Reagent Vial

Nitrate Reagent

Q.ty/test

1 vial

1 packet

*


:


Q.ty/set

50 vials

50 packets

Note: Store the unused vials in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 94766-50 Reagents for 50 tests



Before using the reagent kit carefully read all the instructions and the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Pay particular attention to all warnings, cautions and notes. Failure to do so may result in serious injury to the operator.

• Select the

Nitrate


• Remove the cap from a Reagent Vial.

• Add exactly 1.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a 45degree angle.

• Replace the cap tightly and invert the vial 10 times. This is the blank.

Warning: the vial will become hot during mixing, be careful when handling it.

Note: The method is technique sensitive: to obtain reproducible results it is strongly recommended to follow carefully the “invert” procedure described on page 10.


30

Nitrate



• Remove the cap and add the content of one packet of HI 93766-0 Nitrate Reagent.

• Replace the cap tightly and invert the vial 10 times. This is the reacted sample.

Note: the method is technique sensitive: to obtain most reproducible results it is strongly recommended to follow carefully the “invert” procedure described on page 10.


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the

” Reaction Time” message. Alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press Read. Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of nitrate-nitrogen (NO

3

--N). Press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of nitrate (NO

3

-).


INTERFERENCES


Barium (Ba

2+

) above 1 mg/L

Chloride (Cl-) above 1000 mg/L

Nitrite (NO

2

-) above 50 mg/L

Samples containing up to 100 mg/L nitrite may be measured after the following treatment: add 400 mg of urea to 10 mL of sample, mix until completely dissolved, then proceed with the usual measurement procedure.

31

Nitrate

NITROGEN, TOTAL LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.0 to 25.0 mg/L N

0.1 mg/L


Light Source

Method


Chromotropic acid method. A persulfate digestion converts all forms of nitrogen to nitrate. Then the reaction between nitrate and the reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94767A-B*

DEIONIZED120

PERSULFATE/N

BISULFITE/N

HI 93767-0

HI 94766V-0LR**

*

Description

Digestion Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

2 mL

Potassium Persulfate 1 packet

Sodium Metabisulfite 1 packet

Total Nitrogen Reagent 1 packet

Reagent Vial 1 vial

Digestion Vial identification

:

Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

50 packets

50 packets

50 packets

50 vials


**


: 06xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). RED RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.

Notes: • The instrumemt does not recognize the Digestion Vial (16xx).

• Store the unused vials in their container in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 94767A-50 Reagents for up to 49 tests. Contains:

Box 1: HI 94767A-50 Reagent Set

Box 2: HI 94767A&B-50 Reagent Set, for Nitrogen Total Low Range.


REQUIRED ACCESSORIES

HI 839800-01 Hanna reactor (115 VAC)


HI 740216 Test tube cooling rack (25 holes)

HI 740217 Laboratory bench safety shield


32

Nitrogen, Total LR



Reagent Blank Correction: This method requires a reagent blank correction. A single blank vial may be used more than once; the blank vial is stable up to one week if stored in a dark place at room temperature. Always use the same lot of reagents for blank and samples. For most accurate measurement run a blank for each set of measurements.

• Preheat the Hanna Reactor HI 839800 to 105 °C (221 °F). For correct use of the reactor follow Reactor Instruction

Manual.

The optional HI 740217 safety shield is strongly recommended.

DO NOT USE AN OVEN OR MICROWAVE samples may leak and generate a corrosive and possibly explosive atmosphere.

• Remove the cap from two Digestion Vials ( 16xx code vials).

←

16xx

→

• Add the content of one packet of Potassium Persulfate for Total Nitrogen analysis to each vial.

Sample

Blank

• Add exactly 2.0 mL of sample to one vial (sample vial), and 2.0 mL of deionized water to the other vial (blank vial), while keeping the vials at a 45-degree angle.

Sample

D.I. Water

Sample Blank

33

Nitrogen, Total LR

• Replace the cap tightly and shake the vials vigorously for about 30 seconds until all the powder is completely dissolved.

Sample Blank

• Insert the vials into the reactor and heat them for 30 minutes at 105 °C.

Note: To obtain most accurate results, it is strongly recommended to remove the vials from the reactor after 30 minutes.

• At the end of the digestion period switch off the reactor, place the vials in the test tube rack and allow to cool to room temperature.

Warning: The vials are still hot, be careful in handling them.

• Select

Nitrogen, Total LR


• For this method the instrument provides 3 reaction timers which can be used throughout the procedure.

• Remove the cap from the vials and add the content of one packet of Sodium Metabisulfite for Total Nitrogen analysis to each vial. Replace the cap tightly and shake gently the vials for 15 seconds.

Sample

Blank

Sample Blank

• Press Timer to start the 3 minutes timer or wait for 3 minutes (without shaking the vials) to allow the reaction to complete.

• Remove the cap from the vials and add the content of one packet of HI 93767-0 Total Nitrogen Reagent to each vial.

Replace the cap tightly and shake gently the vials for 15 seconds.

34

Nitrogen, Total LR

Sample Blank

Sample Blank

• Press Start to activate the 2 minutes timer or wait for 2 minutes (without shaking the vials) to allow the reaction to complete.

• Remove the cap from two Reagent Vials ( 06xx code vials).

←

06xx

→

• Add exactly 2.0 mL of digested sample (sample vial) to one Reagent Vial (sample vial), and 2.0 mL of digested blank

(blank vial) to the other Reagent Vial (blank vial), while keeping the vials at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap tightly and invert the vials 10 times.

Digested sample

Digested blank

Sample Blank Sample

Warning: The vials will become hot during mixing, be careful when handling them.

Note: The method is technique sensitive: to obtain most reproducible results it is strongly recommended to follow carefully the “invert” procedure described on page 10.

Blank

• Place the blank vial into the holder and push it completely down.

35

Nitrogen, Total LR

• Press Start and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the “Reaction Time” message.

Alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press Zero.

• Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the blank vial.

• Place the sample vial into the holder and push it completely down.

• Press Read and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading. The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of total nitrogen (N).

• Press s or t to access the second level functions.

• Press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of ammonia (NH

3

) and mg/L of nitrate (NO

3

-).


The method detects all organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen present in the sample.

INTERFERENCES


Bromide (Br -) above 60 mg/L


Chromium (Cr 3+ ) above 0.5 mg/L

36

Nitrogen, Total LR

NITROGEN, TOTAL HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

10 to 150 mg/L N

1 mg/L



Method Chromotropic acid method. A persulfate digestion converts all forms of nitrogen to nitrate. Then the reaction between nitrate and the reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94767B-B*

DEIONIZED120

Description

Digestion Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

0.5 mL

PERSULFATE/N

BISULFITE/N


Sodium Metabisulfite 1 packet

HI 93767-0 Total Nitrogen Reagent 1 packet

HI 94766V-0HR** Reagent Vial 1 vial

*

Digestion Vial identification

:

Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

50 packets

50 packets

50 packets

50 vials

17xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). RED RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.

**


: 07xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). GREEN RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.

Notes: • The instrumemt does not recognize the Digestion Vial (17xx).

• Store the unused vials in their container in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 94767B-50 Reagents for up to 49 tests. Contains:

Box 1: HI 94767B-50 Reagent Set

Box 2: HI 94767A&B-50 Reagent Set, for Nitrogen Total High Range.








37

Nitrogen, Total HR



Reagent Blank Correction: This method requires a reagent blank correction. A single blank vial may be used more than once; the blank vial is stable up to one week if stored in a dark place at room temperature. Always use the same lot of reagents for blank and samples. For most accurate measurement, run a blank for each set of measurements.

• Preheat the Hanna Reactor HI 839800 to 105 °C (221°F). For correct use of the reactor follow Reactor Instruction Manual.

Use of the optional HI 740217 safety shield is strongly recommended.


• Remove the cap from two Digestion Vials ( 17xx cap vials).

←

17xx

→

• Add the content of one packet of Potassium Persulfate for Total Nitrogen analysis to each vial.

Sample Blank


Sample D.I. Water

Sample

Blank

38

Nitrogen, Total HR

• Replace the cap tightly and shake vigorously the vials for about 30 seconds until all the powder is completely dissolved.

Sample

Blank

• Insert the vials into the reactor and heat them for 30 minutes at 105°C.

Note: to obtain most accurate results, it is strongly recommended to remove the vials from the reactor after 30 minutes.

• At the end of the digestion place the vials in the test tube rack and allow to cool to room temperature.

Warning: as the vials are still hot, be careful in handling them.

• Select

Nitrogen, Total HR

method following one of the procedures described in the

“Method Selection” section (see page 15).

• For this method the instrument provides 3 reaction timers which can be used throughout the procedure.

• Remove the cap from the vials and add the content of one packet of Sodium Metabisulfite for Total Nitrogen analysis to each vial. Replace the cap tightly and shake gently the vials for 15 seconds.

Sample Blank

Sample Blank

• Press Timer to start the 3 minutes timer or wait for 3 minutes (without shaking the vials) to allow the reaction to complete.

39

Nitrogen, Total HR

• Remove the cap from the vials and add the content of one packet of HI 93767-0 Total Nitrogen Reagent to each vial.

Replace the cap tightly and shake gently the vials for 15 seconds.

Sample

Blank

Sample

Blank

• Press Start to activate the 2 minutes timer or wait for 2 minutes (without shaking the vials) to allow the reaction to complete.

• Remove the cap from two Reagent Vials ( 07xx code vials).

←

07xx

→

• Add exactly 2.0 mL of digested sample (sample vial) to one Reagent Vial (sample vial), and 2.0 mL of digested blank

(blank vial) to the other vial (blank vial), while keeping the vials at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap tightly and invert the vials 10 times.

Digested sample

Digested blank

Sample

Blank

Sample

Warning: the vials will become hot during mixing, be careful when handling them.

Note: the method is technique sensitive: to obtain most reproducible results it is strongly recommended to follow carefully the “invert” procedure described on page 10.


Blank

40

Nitrogen, Total HR

• Press Start and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the ”Reaction Time” message.


• Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform a zero sequence and after a few seconds the display will show “ -0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the blank vial and place the sample vial into the holder and push it completely down.

• Press Read and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading. The instrument displays the concentration in mg/L of total nitrogen (N).

• Press s or t to access the second level functions.

• Press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of ammonia (NH

3

) and mg/L of nitrate (NO

3

-).


The method detects all organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen present in the sample.

INTERFERENCES


Bromide (Br-) above 240 mg/L


Chromium (Cr

3+

) above 0.5 mg/L

41

Nitrogen, Total HR

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0 to 150 mg/L COD

1 mg/L



Method Adaptation of the USEPA 410.4 approved method for the COD determination on surface waters and wastewaters. Oxidizable organic compounds reduce the dichromate ion (orange) to the chromic ion

(green). The amount of remaining dichromate is determined.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

COD94LR*

DEIONIZED120

Description

Reagent Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

2 mL

Q.ty/set

25 vials

OPTIONAL

*


:

12xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). RED RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.


REAGENT SET

HI 94754A-25 Reagents for up to 24 tests









Reagent Blank Correction: This method requires a reagent blank correction. A single blank vial may be used more than once. The blank vial is stable for several months (room temperature). For most accurate measurement, run a blank for each set of measurements and always use the same lot of reagents for blank and samples.

42

COD LR

• Choose a homogeneous sample. Samples containing settleable solids need to be homogenized with a blender.

• Preheat the Hanna Reactor HI 839800 to 150 °C (302 °F). For correct use of the reactor follow Reactor Instruction Manual.



• Remove the cap from two Reagent Vials.

• Add exactly 2.0 mL of sample to one vial (sample vial), and 2.0 mL of deionized water to the other vial (blank vial), while keeping the vials at a 45-degree angle. Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting each vial a couple of times.

Sample D.I. Water

Sample Blank

Sample

Warning: The vials will become hot during mixing, be careful when handling them.

Blank

• Insert the vials into the reactor and heat them for 2 hours at 150 °C.

• At the end of the digestion period switch off the reactor. Wait for twenty minutes to allow the vials to cool to about 120 °C.

• Invert each vial several times while still warm, then place them in the test tube rack.

Sample

Warning: The vials are still hot, be careful when handling them.

• Leave the vials in the tube rack to cool to room temperature. Do not shake or invert them, the samples may become turbid.

Blank

43

COD LR

• Select

Oxygen Demand, (COD) LR



• Press Zero and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform a zero sequence and after a few seconds the display will show “ -0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.



• Press

Read and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of oxygen demand.

INTERFERENCES


Chloride (Cl¯) above 2000 mg/L.

Samples with higher chloride concentration should be diluted.

44

COD LR

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL MEDIUM RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

Accuracy

0 to 1500 mg/L COD

1 mg/L

±15 mg/L or ±4 % of reading @ 25 °C, whichever is greater



(green). The amount of chromic ion formed is determined.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

COD94MR*

DEIONIZED120

Description

Reagent Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

2 mL

*


:


Q.ty/set

25 vials

OPTIONAL


REAGENT SET

HI 94754B-25 Reagents for up to 24 tests








Before using the reagent kit carefully read all the instructions and the Manual Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Pay particular attention to all warnings, cautions and notes. Failure to do so may result in serious injury to the operator.


45

COD MR







Warning: The vials wil become very hot during mixing, be careful when handling them.


Sample D.I. Water

Sample

Blank

Sample

Blank


• Invert each vial several times while still warm, then place them in a test tube rack.


• Leave the vials in the tube rack to cool to room temperature. Do not shake or invert them, the samples may become turbid.

Sample

Blank

46

COD MR

• Select the

Oxygen Demand, (COD) MR






• Press Read and wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of oxygen demand on the LCD.

INTERFERENCES


Chloride (Cl-) above 2000 mg/L.


47

COD MR

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0 to 15000 mg/L COD

10 mg/L




(green). The amount of chromic ion formed is determined.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

COD94HR*

DEIONIZED120

Description

Reagent Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

0.2 mL

Q.ty/set

25 vials

OPTIONAL

*


:



REAGENT SET

HI 94754C-25 Reagents for up to 24 tests










48

COD HR







Warning: The vials will become very hot during mixing, be careful when handling them.


Sample D.I. Water

Sample Blank

Sample

Blank


• Invert each vial several times while still warm, then place them in the test tube rack.


• Leave the vials in the tube rack to cool to room temperature. Do not shake or invert them anymore otherwise the samples may become turbid.

Sample

Blank

49

COD HR

• Select the

Oxygen Demand, (COD) HR



• Press Zero and wait for vial bar code identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform a zero sequence and after a few seconds the display will show “ -0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.



• Press


• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of oxygen demand.

INTERFERENCES


Chloride (Cl-) above 20000 mg/L.


50

COD HR

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 1.60 mg/L P

0.01 mg/L


Light Source

Method




Wastewater, 20

th

edition

, 4500-P E, ascorbic acid method. The reaction between orthophosphate and the reagent causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94758A-0*

HI 93758-0


Reagent Vial 1 vial

Phosphorus Reagent 1 packet

Q.ty/set

50 vials

50 packets

*



REAGENT SET

HI 94758A-50 Reagents for 50 tests



• Select the


method following one of the procedures described in the “Method Selection” section

(see page 15).



45-degree angle.





51


• Remove the cap and add the content of one packet of HI 93758-0 Phosphorus Reagent.

• Replace the cap tightly and shake gently to mix for 2 minutes until most of the powder is dissolved. This is the reacted sample.



“ Reaction Time” message. Alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and press Read.

• Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading.The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P).

• Press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of phosphate (PO

4

3

-) and mg/L of of P

2

O

5

.


Note: for accurate measurements

1) wash glassware only with phosphate-free detergents

2) clean all glassware with 1 : 1 hydrochloric acid solution and rinse with deionized water.

INTERFERENCES


Arsenate at any level

Silica above 50 mg/L

Sulfide above 6 mg/L.

To eliminate sulfide: add Bromine Water drop-wise until a pale yellow color develops; remove Bromine Water excess by adding Phenol solution drop-wise.

Turbidity and suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference because the reaction conditions may dissolve suspended matter or cause desorption of phosphates from particles. Turbidity or suspended matter should be removed before measurement by treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.

52


PHOSPHORUS, ACID HYDROLYZABLE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 1.60 mg/L P

0.01 mg/L



Method Adaptation of the EPA method 365.2 and


Wastewater, 20

th

edition

, 4500-P E, ascorbic acid method. A mild acid digestion converts condensed inorganic forms of phosphates to orthophosphate. Then the reaction between orthophosphate and the reagents causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94758V-0AH*

HI 93758B-0

HI 93758-0


Reagent Vial 1 vial

NaOH Solution 1.20 N 2 mL

Phosphorus Reagent 1 packet

*


: 31xx (xx represents the reagent lot code).

Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

50 packets


REAGENT SET

HI 94758B-50 Reagents for 50 tests





HI 740216 test tube cooling rack (25 holes)




Before using the reagent kit carefully read all the instructions and the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

Pay particular attention to all warnings, cautions and notes. Failure to do so may result in serious injury to the operator.


Manual.



53



• Add exactly 5.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times.

• Insert the vial into the reactor and heat it for 30 minutes at 150 °C.

• At the end of the digestion place the vials carefully in the test tube rack and allow to cool to room temperature.


• Select the



• Remove the cap from the vial and add exactly 2.0 mL of Sodium

Hydroxide (NaOH) Solution 1.20 N, while keeping the vial at a 45degree angle.

• Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times.

This is the blank.


54





• Replace the cap tightly and shake gently to mix for 2 minutes until most of the powder is dissolved. This is the sample.




• Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading. The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P).

The method detects free (orthophosphate) and condensed inorganic forms (meta-, pyro- and other polyphosphates) of phosphates present in the sample.

• Press s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/

L of phosphate (PO

4

3

-) and mg/L of of P

2

O

5

.


55





INTERFERENCES





To eliminate sulfide: add Bromine Water drop-wise until a pale yellow color develops; remove Bromine Water excess by adding Phenol solution drop-wise.

Turbidity and suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference because the strongly acidic reaction conditions may dissolve suspended matter or cause desorption of phosphates from particles. Before measurement, turbidity or suspended matter should be removed by treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.


56

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.00 to 1.15 mg/L P

0.01 mg/L



Method Adaptation of the EPA method 365.2 and


Wastewater, 20

th

edition

, 4500-P E, ascorbic acid method. A persulfate digestion converts organic and condensed inorganic forms of phosphates to orthophosphate. Then the reaction between orthophosphate and the reagents causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94758V-0*

HI 93758C-0

HI 93758-0

PERSULFATE/P


Reagent Vial 1 vial


Phosphorus Reagent

Potassium Persulfate

1 packet

1 packet

Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

50 packets

50 packets

*




REAGENT SET

HI 94758C-50 Reagents for 50 tests










57

Phosphorus, Total


Manual.




• Add exactly 5.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle.

• Add the content of one packet of Potassium Persulfate for Phosphorus analysis. Replace the cap and shake gently the vial until all the powder is completely dissolved.

• Insert the vial into the reactor and heat it for 30 minutes at 150 °C.



• Select the

Phosphorus, Total


• Remove the cap from the vial and add exactly 2.0 mL of Sodium Hydroxide

(NaOH) Solution 1.54 N, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the blank.


58

Phosphorus, Total




• Replace the cap tightly and shake gently to mix for about 2 minutes until all the powder is completely dissolved. This is the sample.




• Wait for vial identification. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading. The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P).

The method detects free (orthophosphate) and condensed inorganic forms (meta-, pyro- and other polyphosphates) of phosphates present in the sample.


L of phosphate (PO

4

3

-) and mg/L of of P

2

O

5

.


59

Phosphorus, Total




INTERFERENCES






Phosphorus, Total

60

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.0 to 32.6 mg/L P

0.1 mg/L



Method Adaptation of the

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20

th

edition

4500-P C, vanadomolybdophosphoric acid method. The reaction between orthophosphate and the reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

,

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94763A-0*

DEIONIZED120

Description

Reagent Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

5 mL

Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

*


:



REAGENT SET

HI 94763A-50 Reagents for up to 49 tests



Reagent Blank Correction: This method requires a reagent blank correction. A single blank vial may be used more than once; the blank vial is stable up to two weeks (room temperature). For most accurate measurement, run a blank for each set of measurements and always use the same lot of reagents for blank and samples.

• Select the

Phosphorus, Reactive High Range

method following one of the procedures described in the “Method

Selection” section (see page 15).



61


• Replace the cap and mix by inverting each vial a couple of times.

Sample D.I. Water

Sample

Blank


Sample

Blank

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the “Reaction Time” message.

Alternatively, wait for 7 minutes and press

Zero.




• Press

Read and wait for vial recognision. If that was successfully done, the instrument will perform the reading. The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P).

62



L of phosphate (PO

4

3

-) and mg/L of of P

2

O

5

.





INTERFERENCES


Bismuth

Fluoride pH: the sample should have a neutral pH

Sulfide: to eliminate sulfide add Bromine Water drop-wise until a pale yellow color develops; remove Bromine Water excess by adding Phenol solution drop-wise.

Temperature: the method is temperature sensitive.

It is recommended to run measurements at T = 20 to 25 °C:

T < 20 °C causes a negative error

T > 25 °C causes a positive error


63


PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range

Resolution

0.0 to 32.6 mg/L (P)

0.1 mg/L



Method Adaptation of the

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20

th

edition

4500-P C, vanadomolybdophosphoric acid method. A persulfate digestion converts organic and condensed inorganic forms of phosphates to orthophosphate. Then the reaction between orthophosphate and the reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

,

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code

HI 94758V-0HR*

DEIONIZED120

HI 93758C-0

HI 93763B-0

PERSULFATE/P

Description

Reagent Vial

Deionized Water

Q.ty/test

1 vial

5 mL


Molybdovanadate Reagent 0.5 mL


Q.ty/set

50 vials

1 bottle

1 bottle

1 bottle

50 packets

*


: 34xx (xx represents the reagent lot code). GREEN RECTANGLE ON THE LABEL.


REAGENT SET

HI 94763B-50 Reagents for up to 49 tests










64


Reagent Blank Correction: This method requires a reagent blank correction. A single blank vial may be used more than once; the blank vial is stable up to one day (room temperature). For most accurate measurement, run a blank for each set of measurements and always use the same lot of reagents for blank and samples.






Sample D.I. Water

Sample

Blank

• Add the content of one packet of Potassium Persulfate for Phosphorus analysis to each vial. Replace the cap tightly and shake gently the vials until all the powder is completely dissolved.

Sample

Sample Blank

• Insert the vials into the reactor and heat them for 30 minutes at 150 °C.

Blank



65


• Select the

Phosphorus, TTTTTotal High Range


• Remove the cap from the vials and add exactly 2.0 mL of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Solution 1,54 N to each vial, while keeping the vials at a 45-degree angle. Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vials a couple of times.

Sample Blank Sample

Blank

• Remove the cap from the vials and add exactly 0.5 mL of HI 93763B-0 Molybdovanadate Reagent to each vial, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle. Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vials a couple of times.

Sample Blank

Sample

Blank


• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the “Reaction Time” message.



66




• Press


The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P).

The method detects free (orthophosphate), condensed inorganic forms (meta-, pyro- and other polyphosphates) and organic forms of phosphates present in the sample.


L of phosphate (PO

4

3

-) and mg/L of of P

2

O

5

.


Note: For accurate measurements



INTERFERENCES

Arsenate pH: the sample should have a neutral pH

Temperature: the method is temperature sensitive.

It is recommended to add the Molybdovanadate Reagent and to run measurements at T = 20 to 25 °C:

T < 20 °C causes a negative error

T > 25 °C causes a positive error


67


ERRORS AND WARNINGS

The instrument shows clear messages when erroneous conditions appear and when measured values are outside the expected range. These messages are described bellow.

Method identification was unsuccessful: The instrument cannot identify the vial’s bar code or the vial has no code.

Wrong vial: The vial’s bar code is not the expected one.

No Light: The light source is not functioning properly.

Light Leak: There is too much light when dark current is measured.

Inverted vials: The sample and the zero vials are inverted.

Wrong vial: The current method doesn’t correspond to the current vial.

Different reagent lot: The reagent lot doesn’t correspond to the current lot code.

68

DATA MANAGEMENT

The analyzed data can be managed using Hanna’s product HI92000, Windows ® Compatible Software .

STANDARD METHODS

Description

Ammonia LR

Ammonia HR

Chlorine, Free

Chlorine, Total

Nitrate

Nitrogen, Total LR

Nitrogen, Total HR

COD LR

COD MR

COD HR






Windows ® is registered Trademark of "Microsoft Co."

Range

0.00 to 3.00 mg/L

0 to 100 mg/L

0.00 to 5.00 mg/L

0.00 to 5.00 mg/L

0.0 to 30.0 mg/L

0.0 to 25.0 mg/L

10 to 150 mg/L

0 to 150 mg/L

0 to 1500 mg/L

0 to 15000 mg/L

0.00 to 1.60 mg/L

0.00 to 1.60 mg/L

0.00 to 1.15 mg/L

0.0 to 32.6 mg/L

0.0 to 32.6 mg/L

69

Method

Nessler

Nessler

DPD

DPD

Chromotropic Acid

Chromotropic Acid

Chromotropic Acid

Dichromate, Mercuric Sulfate



Ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic Acid

Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid

Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid

ACCESSORIES

REAGENT SETS

HI 93701-01 100 free chlorine tests

HI 93701-03 300 free chlorine tests

HI 93711-01 100 total chlorine tests

HI 93711-03 300 total chlorine tests

HI 94754A-25 25 COD LR tests

HI 94754B-25 25 COD MR tests

HI 94754C-25 25 COD HR tests

HI 94758A-50 50 reactive phosphorus tests

HI 94758B-50 50 acid hydrolyzable phosphorus tests

HI 94758C-50 50 total phosphorus LR tests

HI 94763A-50 50 reactive phosphorus HR tests

HI 94763B-50 50 total phosphorus HR tests

HI 94764A-25 25 ammonia LR tests

HI 94764B-25 25 ammonia HR tests

HI 94766-50 50 nitrate tests

HI 94767A-50 50 total nitrogen LR tests

HI 94767B-50 50 total nitrogen HR tests

OTHER ACCESSORIES

HI 839800-01 Hanna Reactor (115 VAC)

HI 839800-02 Hanna Reactor (230 VAC)

HI 731318 Cloth for wiping vials (4 pcs.)

HI 731340 200

µ

L automatic pipette

HI 731341 1000

µ

L automatic pipette

HI 731342

2000

µ

L automatic pipette

HI 731350 tips for 200

µ

L automatic pipette (25 pcs.)

HI 731351 tips for 1000

µ


HI 731352 tips for 2000

µ


HI 740142 1 mL graduated syringe

HI 740143

1 mL graduated syringe (6 pcs.)

HI 740226

5 mL graduated syringe

HI 740144 Pipette tip (6 pcs.)

HI 740157 Plastic refilling pipette (20 pcs.)



HI 92000

Windows ® Compatible Software

HI 920013 PC Connection Cable

HI 93703-50 Vial cleaning solution (230 mL)

70

WARRANTY

All Hanna Instruments meters are warranted for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used for its intended purpose and maintained according to the instructions.

This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.

Damages due to accident, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance are not covered.

If service is required, contact your dealer. If under warranty, report the model number, date of purchase, serial number and the nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty, you will be notified of the charges incurred.

If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods Authorization Number from the

Customer Service Department and then send it with shipment costs prepaid. When shipping any instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.

To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the date of purchase.

Recommendations for Users

Before using these products, make sure that they are entirely suitable for your specific application and for the environment in which they are used.

Operation of these instruments may cause unacceptable interferences to other electronic equipment, this requiring the operator to take all necessary steps to correct interferences.

Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instruments' EMC performance.

To avoid damages or burns, do not put the instrument in microwave ovens. For yours and the instrument safety do not use or store the instrument in hazardous environments.

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction or appearance of its products without advance notice.

HANNA LITERATURE

Hanna publishes a wide range of catalogs and handbooks for an equally wide range of applications. The reference literature currently covers areas such as:

• Water Treatment

•

Process

•

Swimming Pools

•

Agriculture

•

Food

•

Laboratory and many others. New reference material is constantly being added to the library.

For these and other catalogs, handbooks and leaflets contact your dealer or the Hanna Customer Service Center nearest to you. To find the Hanna Office in your vicinity, check our home page at www.hannainst.com.

71

Hanna Instruments Inc.

Highland Industrial Park

584 Park East Drive

Woonsocket, RI 02895 USA

Technical Support for Customers

Tel. (800) 426 6287

Fax (401) 765 7575

E-mail [email protected]

www.hannainst.com

Local Sales and Customer Service Office

Printed in ROMANIA

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MAN83224 09/15

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