Zyxel G-300 G-300 User's Guide

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ZyAIR G-300
Wireless LAN PCI Adapter
User's Guide
Version 1.00
November 2003
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright &copy;2003 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patents' rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This
publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties
of their respective owners.
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Copyright
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials
or workmanship for a period of up to one (1) year from the date of purchase. During the warranty period
and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship
and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components
without charge for either parts or labor and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product
or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured
functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty
shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected
to abnormal working conditions.
NOTE
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for
indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization (RMA) number. Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit
be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated
warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts
and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address,
Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary
from country to country.
Online Registration
Register online at www.zyxel.com.for free future product updates and information.
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Information for Canadian Users
The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets
certain telecommunications network protective operation and safety requirements. The Industry Canada
does not guarantee that the equipment will operate to a user's satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities
of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable
method of connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual
service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly. The customer should be aware that
compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated
by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions,
may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.
For their own protection, users should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,
telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution
may be particularly important in rural areas.
Caution
Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate
electrical inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.
Note
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus
set out in the radio interference regulations of Industry.
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Information for Canadian Users
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) Interference Statement
The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
•
This device may not cause harmful interference.
•
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2. Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
Caution
1. To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20 cm
must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.
2. This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
Certifications
Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com.
FCC Statement
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Customer Support
When contacting your Customer Support Representative, please have the following information ready:
Product model and serial number.
Warranty Information.
Date you received your product.
Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
E-MAIL
SUPPORT/SALES
METHOD
TELEPHONE/FAX
WEB SITE/ FTP SITE
REGULAR MAIL
LOCATION
WORLDWIDE
[email protected]
+886-3-578-3942
www.zyxel.com
www.europe.zyxel.com
NORTH
AMERICA
[email protected]
+886-3-578-2439
ftp.europe.zyxel.com
[email protected]
+1-800-255-4101
www.us.zyxel.com
ftp.zyxel.com
[email protected]
SCANDINAVIA
GERMANY
[email protected]
+45-3955-0700
www.zyxel.dk
[email protected]
+45-3955-0707
ftp.zyxel.dk
[email protected]
+49-2405-6909-0
www.zyxel.de
[email protected]
+49-2405-6909-99
Customer Support
ZyXEL Communications
Corp., 6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
ZyXEL Communications Inc.,
1130 N. Miller St.
Anaheim, CA 92806, U.S.A.
ZyXEL Communications A/S,
Columbusvej 5, 2860
Soeborg, Denmark
ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen, Germany
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright .......................................................................................................................................................ii
ZyXEL Limited Warranty ..........................................................................................................................iii
Information for Canadian Users.................................................................................................................iv
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement....................................................v
Customer Support.......................................................................................................................................vii
List of Figures...............................................................................................................................................xi
List of Tables ...............................................................................................................................................xii
Preface.........................................................................................................................................................xiii
Chapter 1 Getting Started .........................................................................................................................1-1
1.1
ZyAIR Hardware and Utility Installation.....................................................................................1-1
1.2
Disable Windows XP Wireless LAN Configuration Tool ...........................................................1-1
1.3
Accessing the ZyAIR Utility........................................................................................................1-4
Chapter 2 Using the ZyAIR Utility...........................................................................................................2-1
2.1
About Wireless LAN Network.....................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1
Channel ................................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.2
SSID .....................................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.3
Transmission Rate ................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.4
Wireless Network Application .............................................................................................2-1
2.1.5
Roaming ...............................................................................................................................2-3
2.1.6
Profile...................................................................................................................................2-4
2.1.7
Threshold Controls...............................................................................................................2-4
2.1.8
Wireless LAN Security ........................................................................................................2-5
2.1.9
Authentication Mode............................................................................................................2-6
2.2
The Configuration Screen ............................................................................................................2-6
2.2.1
The Advanced Configuration Screen ...................................................................................2-8
2.2.2
The Encryption Screen .........................................................................................................2-9
2.3
The Site Survey Screen ..............................................................................................................2-11
2.3.1
Connecting to a Network....................................................................................................2-13
2.4
The About Screen.......................................................................................................................2-13
Chapter 3 Maintenance .............................................................................................................................3-1
3.1
Removing the ZyAIR Utility........................................................................................................3-1
3.2
Upgrading the ZyAIR Utility .......................................................................................................3-1
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................4-1
Table of Contents
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
4.1
Problems Starting the ZyAIR Utility Program.............................................................................4-1
4.2
Problems Communicating With Other Computers ......................................................................4-1
4.3
Problem with the Link Status.......................................................................................................4-2
Appendix A Product Specifications............................................................................................................ A
Index ..............................................................................................................................................................B
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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Windows XP: System Tray Icon.................................................................................................1-1
Figure 1-2 Windows XP: Wireless Network Connection Status ..................................................................1-2
Figure 1-3 Windows XP: Connect to Wireless Network..............................................................................1-3
Figure 1-4 Windows XP: Wireless Network Connection Properties............................................................1-4
Figure 1-5 ZyAIR Utility: System Tray Icon ...............................................................................................1-4
Figure 2-1 Ad-hoc Network Example ..........................................................................................................2-2
Figure 2-2 BSS Example..............................................................................................................................2-2
Figure 2-3 Infrastructure Network Example ................................................................................................2-3
Figure 2-4 Roaming Example ......................................................................................................................2-3
Figure 2-5 RTS Threshold............................................................................................................................2-4
Figure 2-6 Configuration .............................................................................................................................2-6
Figure 2-7 Configuration: Advanced............................................................................................................2-8
Figure 2-8 Configuration: Encryption........................................................................................................2-10
Figure 2-9 Site Survey ...............................................................................................................................2-12
Figure 2-10 ZyAIR Utility: About .............................................................................................................2-13
Figure 3-1 Confirm Uninstallation...............................................................................................................3-1
List of Figures
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1-1 ZyAIR Utility: System Tray Icon ................................................................................................1-5
Table 2-1 Configuration...............................................................................................................................2-7
Table 2-2 Configuration: Advanced.............................................................................................................2-9
Table 2-4 Configuration: Encryption .........................................................................................................2-10
Table 2-3 Site Survey.................................................................................................................................2-12
Table 2-5 ZyAIR Utility: About.................................................................................................................2-14
Table 4-1 Troubleshooting Starting ZyAIR Utility Program .......................................................................4-1
Table 4-2 Troubleshooting Communication Problems ................................................................................4-1
Table 4-3 Troubleshooting Link Quality......................................................................................................4-2
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Preface
Congratulations on the purchase of your new ZyAIR G-300 Wireless LAN PCI Adapter!
About This User's Guide
This guide provides information about the ZyAIR G-300 Wireless LAN Utility that you use to configure
your ZyAIR.
Syntax Conventions
•
“Type” or “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. &quot;Select&quot; or &quot;Choose&quot; means for
you to use one of the predefined choices.
•
Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “click the Apple icon, Control
Panels and then Modem” means first click the Apple icon, then point your mouse pointer to
Control Panels and then click Modem.
•
Window and command choices are in Bold Times New Roman font. Predefined field choices are
in Bold Arial font.
•
The ZyXEL ZyAIR G-300 Wireless LAN PCI adapter is referred to as the ZyAIR in this guide.
• The ZyAIR G-300 Wireless LAN Utility may be referred to as the ZyAIR Utility in this guide.
Related Documentation
Support Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents and device drivers.
Quick Installation Guide
Our Quick Installation Guide is designed to help you get your ZyAIR up and running right away.
It contains a detailed easy-to-follow connection diagram and information on installing your
ZyAIR.
ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional support
documentation.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you! E-mail all User’s Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to
[email protected] or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications
Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you!
Preface
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Chapter 1
Getting Started
This chapter prepares you to using the ZyAIR Utility.
1.1
ZyAIR Hardware and Utility Installation
Follow the instructions in the Quick Installation Guide to install the ZyAIR Utility and driver and make
hardware connections.
1.2
Disable Windows XP Wireless LAN Configuration Tool
Windows XP includes a configuration tool for wireless LAN devices.
DO NOT use the Windows XP configuration tool and the ZyAIR Utility at the same
time. It is recommended you use the ZyAIR Utility to configure the ZyAIR.
Step 1.
Double-click on the network icon for the wireless connection in the system tray. If the icon is
not present, proceed to Step 2. Otherwise skip to Step 5.
Figure 1-1 Windows XP: System Tray Icon
Step 2.
If the icon for the wireless network connection is not in the system tray, click Start, Control
Panel and double-click on Network Connections.
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Step 3.
Double-click on the icon for wireless network connection to display a status window as shown
next.
Figure 1-2 Windows XP: Wireless Network Connection Status
Step 4.
1-2
Click Properties and click the Wireless Networks tab. Then skip to Step 6.
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Step 5.
When a Connect to Wireless Network window displays, click Advanced….
Figure 1-3 Windows XP: Connect to Wireless Network
Getting Started
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Step 6.
In the Wireless Network Connection Properties window, make sure the Use Windows to
configure my wireless network settings check box is not selected. Click OK.
Figure 1-4 Windows XP: Wireless Network Connection Properties
1.3
Accessing the ZyAIR Utility
After you installed the ZyAIR Utility, an icon for the ZyAIR Utility appears in the system tray.
When the ZyAIR Utility system tray icon displays, the ZyAIR is installed properly.
Figure 1-5 ZyAIR Utility: System Tray Icon
The color of the ZyAIR Utility system tray icon indicates the status of the ZyAIR. Refer to the following
table for details.
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Table 1-1 ZyAIR Utility: System Tray Icon
COLOR
Blue
Yellow
Red
DESCRIPTION
The ZyAIR is connected to a wireless network.
The ZyAIR has a weak connection to a wireless network.
The ZyAIR is working properly but is not connected to any AP or wireless station.
Double click on the ZyAIR Utility icon in the system tray to open the ZyAIR Utility.
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Chapter 2
Using the ZyAIR Utility
This chapter shows you how to configure the ZyAIR using the ZyAIR Utility.
2.1
About Wireless LAN Network
This section describes each wireless LAN parameter.
2.1.1 Channel
The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11 wireless devices is called a “channel”. The number of
available channels depends on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your
region) so adjacent APs (access points) should use different channels to reduce crosstalk. Crosstalk occurs
when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance.
Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, the AP should be on a
channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using. For example, if your
region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you need to select a channel between 6
or 11.
2.1.2
SSID
The SSID (Service Set Identity) is a unique name shared among all wireless devices in a wireless network.
Wireless devices must have the same SSID to communicate with each other.
2.1.3 Transmission Rate
Your ZyAIR automatically adjusts the transmission rate to operate at the maximum transmission (data)
rate. When the communication quality drops below a certain level, the ZyAIR automatically switches to a
lower transmission (data) rate. Transmission at lower data speeds is usually more reliable. However, when
the communication quality improves again, the ZyAIR gradually increases the transmission (data) rate
again until it reaches the highest available transmission rate.
2.1.4 Wireless Network Application
Wireless LAN works in either of the two modes: ad-hoc and infrastructure.
To connect to a wired network within a coverage area using Access Points (APs), set the ZyAIR operation
mode to Infrastructure. An AP acts as a bridge between the wireless stations and the wired network. In
case you do not wish to connect to a wired network, but prefer to set up a small independent wireless
workgroup without an AP, use the Ad-hoc mode.
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Ad-Hoc (IBSS)
Ad-hoc mode does not require an AP or a wired network. Two or more wireless clients communicate
directly to each other. An ad-hoc network may sometimes be referred to as an Independent Basic Service
Set (IBSS).
Figure 2-1 Ad-hoc Network Example
To set up an ad-hoc network, configure all wireless clients in ad-hoc network type
and use the same SSID and channel.
Infrastructure
When a number of wireless clients are connected using a single AP, you have a Basic Service Set (BSS).
Figure 2-2 BSS Example
A series of overlapping BSS and a network medium, such as an Ethernet forms an Extended Service Set
(ESS) or infrastructure network. All communication is done through the AP, which relays data packets to
other wireless clients or devices connected to the wired network. Wireless clients can then access resource,
such as the printer, on the wired network.
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Figure 2-3 Infrastructure Network Example
2.1.5 Roaming
In an infrastructure network, wireless stations are able to switch from one BSS to another as they move
between the coverage areas. During this period, the wireless stations maintain uninterrupted connection to
the network. This is roaming. As the wireless station moves from place to place, it is responsible for
choosing the most appropriate AP depending on the signal strength, network utilization or other factors.
The following figure depicts a roaming example. When Wireless Client B moves to position X, the ZyAIR
in Wireless Client B automatically switches the channel to the one used by access point AP 2 in order to
stay connected to the network.
Figure 2-4 Roaming Example
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2.1.6 Profile
The Profile function allows you to save the wireless network settings in this screen, use one of the preconfigured network profiles or reset the settings in this screen to the factory default values.
2.1.7 Threshold Controls
Fragmentation Threshold
A fragmentation threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432 bytes) that can be
sent in the wireless network before the ZyAIR will fragment the packet into smaller data frames.
A large fragmentation threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference while you should
set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference.
If the fragmentation threshold value is smaller than the RTS Threshold value (see previously) you set then
the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be
fragmented before they reach RTS Threshold size.
RTS Threshold
A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not within range
of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations are within range of the access
point (AP) or wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they cannot “hear” each other, that is
they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore, they are considered hidden from each
other.
Figure 2-5 RTS Threshold
When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the channel. If
these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP
at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations.
RTS Threshold is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS Threshold defines the
biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is
invoked.
When a data frame exceeds the RTS Threshold value you set (between 0 to 2432 bytes), the station that
wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS (Request To Send) message to the AP for permission to
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send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other stations within its range to
notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms with the requesting station the time
frame for the requested transmission.
Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS Threshold directly to the AP without the RTS
(Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.
You should only configure RTS Threshold if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and
the “cost” of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS (Request
To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.
If the RTS Threshold value is greater than the Frag Threshold value, then the RTS (Request To
Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach
RTS Threshold size.
Enabling the RTS threshold causes redundant network overhead that may affect
throughput performance.
2.1.8 Wireless LAN Security
Wireless LAN security is vital to your network to protect wireless communication between wireless clients
and the wired network.
Configure the wireless LAN security using the Encryption screen. If you do not enable any wireless
security on your ZyAIR, communication between the ZyAIR and the wired network is accessible to any
wireless networking device that is in the coverage area.
Data Encryption with WEP
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encryption scrambles all data packets transmitted between the ZyAIR and
the AP or other wireless stations to keep network communications private. Both the wireless clients and the
access points must use the same WEP key for data encryption and decryption.
There are two ways to create WEP keys in your ZyAIR.
•
Automatic WEP key generation based on a “password phrase” called a passphrase. The passphrase
is case sensitive. You must use the same passphrase for all WLAN adapters with this feature in the
same WLAN.
For WLAN adapters without the passphrase feature, you can still take advantage of this feature by
writing down the four automatically generated WEP keys from the Encryption screen of the
ZyAIR Utility and entering them manually as the WEP keys in the other WLAN adapter(s).
• Enter the WEP keys manually.
Your ZyAIR allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can be
enabled at any one time.
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2.1.9 Authentication Mode
The IEEE 802.11b standard describes a simple authentication method between the wireless clients and AP.
Three authentication modes are defined: Auto, Open and Shared.
Open authentication mode is implemented for ease-of-use and when security is not an issue. The wireless
station and the AP do not share a secret key. Thus the wireless stations can associate with any AP and listen
to any data transmitted plaintext.
Shared authentication mode involves a shared secret key to authenticate the wireless station to the AP. This
requires you to enable a security feature and specify a shared secret key (usually the WEP encryption and
WEP key) on both the wireless station and the AP.
Auto authentication mode allows the ZyAIR to switch between the open and shared key authentication
modes automatically. Use the auto mode if you do not know the authentication mode of the other wireless
clients.
2.2
The Configuration Screen
Click the Configuration tab to display the screen as shown next.
Figure 2-6 Configuration
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Table 2-1 Configuration
LABEL
Profile
DESCRIPTION
This field displays the name of a predefined profile.
To use a previously saved network profile, select the profile file name from the dropdown list box. Once you activate a profile, the ZyAIR Utility will use that profile the next
time it is started. If you do not activate a profile, the ZyAIR Utility reverts to use the
default profile.
Save
Delete
Enter a descriptive name in the Profile field and click Save to save the current
configuration settings this screen.
Select a profile from the drop-down list box and click Delete to remove the selected
profile.
Configuration
SSID
Advanced
Enter the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of the AP or the peer ad-hoc computer to which
you want to associate. To associate to an ad-hoc network, you must enter the same
SSID as the peer ad-hoc computer.
Enter any to associate to or roam between any infrastructure wireless networks.
Click Advanced to display the Advanced Configuration screen. Refer to Section 2.2.1.
Network Type
Select Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc from the drop-down list box.
Select Infrastructure to associate to an AP.
Select Ad-Hoc to associate to a peer ad-hoc computer.
Refer to Section 2-2 for more information.
WEP Enabled
The WEP keys are used to encrypt data before transmitting.
Select this check box to activate WEP encryption. Refer to Section 2-5 for more
information.
AdHoc Channel
Transmit Rate
Default
Apply
This field is activated if you select Ad-Hoc in the Network Type field.
Select the channel number from the drop-down list box. To associate to a peer ad-hoc
computer, you must use the same channel as the peer ad-hoc computer.
Select a transmission rate from the drop-down list box. Choose from Auto (default),
1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 6Mbps, 9Mbps, 11Mbps, 12Mbps, 18Mbps, 24Mbps,
36Mbps, 48Mbps and 54Mbps.
Click Default to return the field settings under Configuration back to the factory
defaults.
Click Apply to save and activate the field settings under Configuration.
Status
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Table 2-1 Configuration
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
State
This field displays the type of wireless network and the name and MAC address of the
wireless device to which the ZyAIR is connected.
Current Channel
This field displays the radio channel the ZyAIR is currently using.
Current Tx Rate
This field displays the current transmission rate of the ZyAIR in megabits per second.
Throughput
(byte/sec)
TX
This field displays the number of data frames transmitted.
RX
This field displays the number of data frames received.
Link Quality
The status bar and the percentage number show the quality of the signal.
Link Strength
The status bar and the percentage number or a number in dBm show the strength of the
signal.
Rescan
Click Rescan to re-establish connection to the wireless device whose SSID is shown in
the State field.
2.2.1 The Advanced Configuration Screen
In the Configuration screen, click Advanced to display the pop-up screen as shown.
Figure 2-7 Configuration: Advanced
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 2-2 Configuration: Advanced
LABAL
Power Save
Enable
DESCRIPTION
Select this check box to reduce power consumption (especially for laptop computers).
This forces the ZyAIR to go to sleep mode when it is not transmitting data.
This only works if the wireless device to which the ZyAIR is
connected also supports this feature.
RTS Threshold
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS/CTS handshake.
Setting this attribute to be larger than the maximum MSDU (MAC service data unit) size
turns off the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting this attribute to zero turns on the RTS/CTS
handshake.
Frag Threshold
The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for directed messages.
It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent.
Nitro Time
This is the time interval (in usec) between packet bursts. This allows your ZyAIR to
operate in a network with IEEE802.11b wireless LAN devices and still take advantage of
higher transmission rates with IEEE802.11g standard.
OK
Click OK to save the settings.
Cancel
Click Cancel to discard all changes and close this screen.
2.2.2 The Encryption Screen
In the Configuration screen, select WEP Enable and click Edit to display the Encryption screen as
shown next.
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Figure 2-8 Configuration: Encryption
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 2-3 Configuration: Encryption
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Encryption (WEP)
The WEP keys are used to encrypt communication before it is transmitted. The
values for the keys must be set up exactly the same on the APs or other peer
ad-hoc wireless computers as they are on the ZyAIR.
Select either 64bit or 128bit from the drop-down list box to activate WEP
encryption and then fill in the related fields.
Authentication
Select an option from the drop-down list box to authenticate the access point.
Refer to Section 2.1.9 for more information.
Create Key with
PassPhrase
Select this option and enter the passphrase in the field provided. As you enter
the passphrase, the ZyAIR automatically generates four different WEP keys
and displays them in the key fields below. Write down the automatically
generated WEP keys in and use them to manually set the WEP keys in other
WLAN adapters.
The passphrase is case-sensitive. You must use the same passphrase for all
wireless LAN adapters with this feature in the same WLAN.
Create Key Manually
Select this option if you want to manually enter the WEP keys.
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Using the ZyAIR Utility
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Table 2-3 Configuration: Encryption
LABEL
Alphanumeric
Hexadecimal
Key 1 … 4
DESCRIPTION
Select this option to enter WEP keys as ASCII characters.
Select this option to enter the WEP keys as hexadecimal characters.
Enter the WEP keys in the fields provided.
If you select 64bit in the Encryption(WEP) field.
Enter either 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9”
(e.g. 11AA22BB33) for HEX key type
or
Enter 5 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and
“0-9” (e.g. MyKey) for ASCII key type.
If you select 128bit in the Encryption(WEP) field,
Enter either 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9”
(for example, 00112233445566778899AABBCC) for HEX key type
or
Enter 13 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z”
and “0-9” (for example, MyKey12345678) for ASCII key type.
ASCII WEP keys are case sensitive.
Select a WEP key to use for data encryption.
OK
Click OK to save the changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to discard all changes and close the screen.
2.3
The Site Survey Screen
Use the Site Survey screen to scan for and connect to a wireless network automatically.
Using the ZyAIR Utility
2-11
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Figure 2-9 Site Survey
The following table describes the labels in the table.
Table 2-4 Site Survey
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ESSID
This field displays the SSID (or name) of each wireless device.
BSSID
This field displays the MAC address of the wireless device.
Channel
This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device.
Network
Type
This field displays the wireless network type (Infrastructure or Ad Hoc) of the wireless
device.
Encryption
This field shows whether the WEP data encryption is activated (WEP) or inactive.
Signal
This field displays the signal strength of each wireless device in percentage.
Rates
This field displays the transmission rates the wireless device supports.
Rescan
Click Rescan to scan for available wireless device(s) within transmission range.
Join
Click Join to associate to the selected wireless device.
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2.3.1 Connecting to a Network
Follow the steps below to connect to a network using the Site Survey screen.
Step 7. Click Search to scan for all available wireless networks within range.
Step 8. To join a network, either click an entry in the table to select a wireless network and then click
Connect or double-click an entry.
Step 9. If the WEP field is Yes for the selected wireless network, you must also set up WEP keys in the
Encryption screen. Refer to Section Error! Reference source not found. for more information.
Step 10. Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the network
information in the Configuration screen.
2.4
The About Screen
The About screen displays related version numbers of the ZyAIR.
Figure 2-10 ZyAIR Utility: About
The following table describes the read-only fields in this screen.
Using the ZyAIR Utility
2-13
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Table 2-5 ZyAIR Utility: About
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Configuration
Utility Version
This field displays the version number of the ZyAIR Utility.
Network Driver
Version
This field displays the version number of the Windows driver for the ZyAIR.
NIC Firmware
Version
This field displays the firmware version and the MAC address of the ZyAIR.
Frequency
Domain
This field displays the regional code. This field displays MKK (Japan), ETSI (Europe) or
FCC (North America).
If you set your ZyAIR in Ad-Hoc mode, this field displays FCC.
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Chapter 3
Maintenance
This chapter describes how to uninstall or upgrade the ZyAIR Utility.
3.1
Removing the ZyAIR Utility
Follow the steps below to remove (or uninstall) the ZyAIR Utility from your computer.
Step 1. Close and exit the ZyAIR Utility.
Step 2. Click Start, (all) Programs, ZyAIR G-300 PCI Adapter Utility, Uninstall ZyAIR G-300
Adapter Utility.
Step 3. When prompted, click OK to remove the driver and the utility software.
Figure 3-1 Confirm Uninstallation
Step 4.
3.2
Click Finish and restart the computer when prompted.
Upgrading the ZyAIR Utility
To perform the upgrade, follow the steps below.
Step 1. Download the latest version of the utility from the ZyXEL web site and save the file on your
computer.
Step 2. Follow the steps in the Removing the ZyAIR Utility section to remove the current ZyAIR Utility
from your computer.
Step 3. Restart the computer when prompted.
Step 4. After restarting, refer to the procedure in the Quick Installation Guide to install the new utility
software.
Step 5. Check the version numbers in the About screen to make sure the new utility is installed
properly.
Maintenance
3-1
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Chapter 4
Troubleshooting
This chapter covers potential problems and the possible remedies. After each problem
description, some instructions are provided to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem.
4.1
Problems Starting the ZyAIR Utility Program
Table 4-1 Troubleshooting Starting ZyAIR Utility Program
Cannot start the ZyAIR
Wireless LAN Utility
Make sure the ZyAIR is properly inserted and the LED is on. Refer to the
Quick Installation Guide for the LED descriptions.
Use the Device Manager to check for possible hardware conflicts.
Click Start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Hardware and Device
Manager. Verify the status of the ZyAIR under Network Adapter. (Steps may
vary depending on the version of Windows).
Install the ZyAIR in another computer.
If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you
should contact your local vendor.
4.2
Problems Communicating With Other Computers
Table 4-2 Troubleshooting Communication Problems
PROBLEM
The ZyAIR computer cannot
communicate with the other
computer.
A.
Infrastructure
Troubleshooting
CORRECTIVE ACTION
Make sure you are connected to the network.
Make sure that the AP and the associated computers are turned on and
working properly.
Make sure the ZyAIR and the associated AP use the same SSID.
Configure the AP to use another radio channel if interference is high.
Make sure that the computer and the AP shares the same WEP key and
authentication mode. Verify the settings in the Encryption and Advanced
screens.
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ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Table 4-2 Troubleshooting Communication Problems
PROBLEM
B.
4.3
CORRECTIVE ACTION
Ad-Hoc
Verify that the peer computer(s) is turned on.
Make sure the ZyAIR and the peer computer(s) are using the same SSID
and channel.
Use another radio channel if interference is high.
Make sure that the ZyAIR and the AP share the same WEP key and
authentication mode. Verify the settings in the Encryption and Advanced
screens.
Problem with the Link Status
Table 4-3 Troubleshooting Link Quality
PROBLEM
CORRECTIVE ACTION
The link quality and/or signal
strength is poor all the time.
Search and connect to another AP with a better link quality using the Site
Survey screen.
Move your computer closer to the AP or the peer computer(s) within the
transmission range.
There is too much radio interference (for example microwave or another
AP using the same channel) around your wireless network. Relocate or
reduce the radio interference.
4-2
Troubleshooting
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Appendix A
Product Specifications
Product Specifications
Product Name
ZyAIR G-300 Wireless LAN PCI Adapter
Type
3.3V 32-bit PCI adapter
Standards
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11g
Network Architectures
Infrastructure
Ad-Hoc
Operating Frequencies
2.412-2.483GHz
Operating Channels
IEEE 802.11b: 11 Channels (North America)
IEEE 802.11g: 11 Channels (North America)
IEEE 802.11b: 13 Channels (Europe)
IEEE 802.11g: 13 Channels (Europe)
Data Rate
IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1Mbps
IEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps
Modulation
IEEE 802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (64QAM, 16QAM,
QPSK and BPSK)
IEEE 802311b: Direct Spread Spectrum (CCK, DQPSK, DBOSK).
Security
64/128-bit WEP
Operating Temperature
0 ~ 55 degrees Centigrade
Storage Temperature
-10 ~ 65 degrees Centigrade
Operating Humidity
90% (non-condensing)
Storage Humidity
20 ~ 80% (non-condensing)
Power Consumption
TX: 460mA
Voltage
3.3V&plusmn;5%
Weight
&lt;80g
Dimension
134mm(L)*121mm(W)*22mm(H)
Product Specifications
RX: 310mA
A
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
Index
A
E
About ............................................................ 2-13
Accessing the ZyAIR Utility .......................... 1-4
AdHoc Channel .............................................. 2-7
Authentication Mode ...................................... 2-6
Auto ............................................................ 2-6
Open............................................................ 2-6
Shared ......................................................... 2-6
Auto authentication mode............................... 2-6
Automatic WEP key generation...................... 2-5
ESS .................................................................2-2
Extended Service Set ..............................See ESS
B
F
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Interference Statement ................................... v
Frag Threshold................................................2-9
Fragmentation Threshold ................................2-4
Frequency domain.........................................2-14
H
Basic Service Set ....................................See BSS
BSS ................................................................. 2-2
Hidden node....................................................2-4
C
I
Communication Problem ................................ 4-2
Ad-hoc(IBSS) ............................................. 4-3
Infrastructure............................................... 4-2
Configuration utility version......................... 2-14
Connecting to a Network .............................. 2-13
Copyright ........................................................... ii
Disclaimer...................................................... ii
Trademarks .................................................... ii
Create WEP key with passphrase ................. 2-10
Create WEP keys manually .......................... 2-10
CTS (Clear to Send..................................2-4, 2-5
Customer Support ............................................ vii
IBSS................................................................2-2
Independent Basic Service Set.............. See IBSS
Information for Canadian Users........................ iv
Caution.......................................................... iv
Note............................................................... iv
Infrastructure...................................................2-2
D
Data encryption............................................... 2-5
Disable Windows XP Wireless Support ......... 1-1
B
L
Link quality.....................................................2-8
Link strength ...................................................2-8
N
Network driver version .................................2-14
Network Type .................................................2-1
Ad-Hoc(IBSS) ............................................2-2
Infrastructure...............................................2-2
NIC firmware version ...................................2-14
Nitro Time ......................................................2-9
Index
ZyAIR G-300 User’s Guide
O
Online Registration ...........................................iii
Open authentication mode...............................2-6
Operating Mode ..................... See Network Type
P
passphrase .......................................................2-5
Preface ............................................................xiii
problem description.........................................4-2
Product specifications ....................................... A
R
Related Documentation...................................xiii
Roaming..........................................................2-3
Example ......................................................2-3
RTS (Request To Send) .......................... 2-4, 2-5
RTS Threshold ........................................ 2-4, 2-9
RTS/CTS handshake .......................................2-5
S
Service Set Identity ............................... See SSID
Shared authentication mode ............................2-6
Site Survey .......................................... 2-11, 2-12
SSID........................................................ 2-1, 2-7
State ................................................................2-8
Syntax Conventions ........................................xiii
T
Threshold ........................................................2-9
Throughput......................................................2-8
Transmission rate ............................................2-1
Transmission rates...........................................2-7
Transmission speeds .......................................2-7
Troubleshooting ..............................................4-2
Index
Checking Hardware Conflict.......................4-2
Communication problems ...........................4-2
Radio interference .......................................4-3
Starting ZyAIR Utility ................................4-2
U
Upgrading the ZyAIR Utility ..........................3-1
Using the ZyAIR Utility..................................2-1
W
Warranty............................................................iii
Note...............................................................iii
WEP ................................................................2-5
WEP Data Encryption
Configuring .................................................2-9
WEP Data Encryption with .............................2-5
WEP Key.........................................................2-5
Wired Equivalent Privacy ..................... See WEP
Wireless LAN Parameters
Channel .......................................................2-1
Configuring .................................................2-6
Network Type..............................................2-1
SSID ............................................................2-1
Transmission Rate.......................................2-1
Wireless LAN Security
Data Encryption with WEP .........................2-5
Z
ZyAIR Utility ..................................................3-1
About.........................................................2-13
Before you upgrade .....................................3-1
Removing ....................................................3-1
Site Survey ................................................2-12
Upgrading....................................................3-1
WEP Encryption........................................2-10
ZyAIR Utility system tray icon.......................1-5
C
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