NXP MC44BC374T_ Multi-Standard Audio/Video Modulator Data Sheet
જાહેરાત
જાહેરાત
Technical Data
MC44BC374T/D
Rev. 3.1 07/2002
MC44BC374T
PLL Tuned PAL/NTSC
UHF and VHF Audio/
Video High Integration
Modulator ICs
MC44BC374T
SO16NB Package
v
Ordering Information
Device Temp Range Package
MC44BC374TD, R2 -20°C to +85°C SO16NB
NOTE: For tape and reel, add R2 suffix.
Contents List
1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Device Overview . . . . . . 3
4 Thermal Ratings . . . . . . 4
7 I2C Bit Mapping . . . . . . . 6
The modulator is intended for use in VCRs, set-top boxes, and similar devices.
Figure 1 shows the pin connections.
SCL
SDA
STBY
XTAL
GND
PREEM
AUDIO
SPLFLT
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
13
12
11
16
15
14
10
9
GNDD
VCCD
PLLFLT
TVOVCC
TVOUT
GND
VCCA
VIDEO
Figure 1. Pin Connections
This document contains information on a product under development. Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice. © Motorola, Inc., 2002. All rights reserved.
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Features
1 Features
The channel is set by an on-chip high-speed I
2
C compatible bus receiver. A Phase-Locked Loop ( PLL ) tunes the modulator over the full UHF range.
The modulator incorporates a sound subcarrier oscillator and uses a second PLL to derive 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5MHz subcarrier frequencies. These frequencies are selectable using the bus. The modulation standard is set to System B/G.
The picture-to-sound ratio is adjusted using the bus. In addition, an on-chip video test pattern generator can be turned ON with a 1 KHz audio test signal.
Compared with the MC44BC374C, this modulator has one IIC programming difference. A hardware standby mode in addition to the software standby mode, and no logic output port.
The MC44BC374T also has the following features:
• No external varicaps diodes/inductor or tuned components
• Channel 21-69 UHF operation
• VHF range possible by internal dividers (30MHz–450MHz)
• Integrated on-chip programmable UHF oscillator
• Extremely low external components count
• High speed I
2
C-bus compatible (800kHz)
• Fixed video modulation depth (80%)
• Peak White Clip disabled via the bus
• Programmable picture/sound carrier ratio (12dB and 16dB)
• Integrated on-chip programmable sound subcarrier oscillator
(4.5MHz to 6.5MHz)—No external varicaps
• On-chip video test pattern generator with sound test signal (1kHz)
• Low-power modulator standby mode programmable by I
2
C bus or switchable by STBY pin voltage
• Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at power-ON
• Start-up on channel ‘36’ (591.25 MHz)
• Custom masked versions with unique start-up settings possible
(no I
2
C bus programming required)
• Extremely robust ESD protection, minimum 4kV, typical 6kV
• Available in channel ‘71’ start up frequency (MC44BC374T1)
2
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2 Device Overview
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BC374T device.
The MC44BC374T device has three main sections:
1. A high speed I
2
C-compatible bus section
2. A PLL section to synthesize the UHF/VHF output channel frequency (from an integrated
UHF oscillator, divided for VHF output)
3. A modulator section, which accepts audio and video inputs, then uses them to modulates the UHF/VHF carrier
An on-chip video test pattern generator with an audio test signal is included. The MC44BC374T is designed to operate as a B/G standard modulator. High frequency BiCMOS technology allows integration of the UHF tank circuit and certain filtering functions.
STBY
3
TVOVCC
13
12
TVOUT
75
Ω
I
2
C BUS
Video
Modulator
LPF
VIDEO SPLLFLT
9 8
Peak
White
Clip
31.25
kHz
Clamp
MODULATOR
SECTION
Sound
PFD
Sound
Oscillator and FM
Modulator
Audio
Amplifier
Prog
Divider
LPF ALC
7 AUDIO
6 PREEM
LPF
10 VCCA
FM 11 GND
Sound
Modulator
5 GND
SCL 1
SDA 2
BUS SECTION VCO and PLL SECTION
VHF Dividers
UHF OSC PLL
High Speed
I
2
C Bus
Receiver
15
VCCD
16
GNDD
Prescaler/8
I
2
C BUS
Prog
Divider
Phase
Comp
Ref Divider
/128
31.25KHz
14
PLLFLT
Figure 2. MC44BC374T Simplified Block Diagram
4MHz
XCO
4
XTAL
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3
Maximum Ratings
3 Maximum Ratings
Sym Parameter
Vcc Supply voltage
Tamin Minimum operating ambient temperature
Tamax Maximum operating ambient temperature
Tstgmin Minimum storage temperature
Tstgmax Maximum storage temperature
Tj Junction Temperature
Value Unit
6 V
–20 o
C
85
–65 o
C o
C
150
150 o
C
°C
This device contains protection circuitry to guard against damage due to high static voltage or electric fields. However, precautions must be taken to avoid applications of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper operation, input and output voltages should be constrained to the ranges indicated in the
Recommended Operating Conditions.
aximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. For functional peration, values should be restricted to the Recommended Operating Condition.
eets Moisture Sensitivity Level 1, no dry pack required
4 Thermal Ratings
Sym
R thja
Parameter
Thermal resistance from Junction to Ambient
5 Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge ( ESD ) tests are done on all pins.
Sym
ESD
ESD
Parameter
MM (Machine Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7
HBM (Human Body Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7
Value Unit
140 °C/W
Min
200
4000
Typ
500
6000
Unit
V
V
4
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6 Electrical Characteristics
• A = 100% Tested
• B = 100% Correlation tested
• C = Characterized on samples
• D = Design parameter
6.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise stated: V cc
=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25 o
C, Video Input 1V p-p
, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Operating supply voltage range
Total supply current
Total standby mode supply current
Test pattern sync pulse width
Sound comparator charge pump current
During locking
When locked
RF comparator charge pump current
Crystal oscillator stability—negative resistance
STBY pin DC current
Force 5V to STBY pin
Force 0V to STBY pin
7
0.7
60
1
Min Typ Max Unit
4.5
44
3
3
5.0
52
6
5.5
60
9
4.7
6.5
V mA mA
µ
S
—
—
10
1
12
1.5
µ A
µ
A
100 150 µ A
— — K
Ω
—
—
1
-10
µ A
µ
A
Notes
All sections active
Bus Section active
Type
A
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
D
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5
I2C Bit Mapping
7 I
2
C Bit Mapping
WRITE MODE
CA—CHIP ADDRESS
C1—High Order Bits
C0—Low Order Bits
FM—High Order Bits
FL—Low Order Bits
Bit Name
PWC
OSC
ATT
SFD0, 1
SO
PS
TPEN
X5…X0
N0…N11
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5
1
1
1
0
0
SO
PWC OSC
0 TPEN
ATT
N11
N5 N4 N3
Bit 4 Bit 3
0
0
1
PS
SFD1 SFD0
N10 N9
N2 N1
Bit 2
0
X3
0
N8
N0
Bit 1
1
X2
X5
N7
X1
Bit 0
0
0
X4
N6
X0
Description
Peak White Clip enable/disable
UHF oscillator ON/OFF
Modulator output attenuated—sound and video modulators ON/OFF
Sound subcarrier frequency control bits
Sound Oscillator ON/OFF
Picture-to-sound carrier ratio
Test pattern enable—picture and sound
Test mode bits—All bits are 0 for normal operation (see Test Mode tables, page 6 & page 7) except “OSC” bit (normal mode is “1”)
UHF frequency programming bits, in steps of 250kHz
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
6
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8 I
2
C Programming
Sound UHF
SFD1 SFD0
0 0
0
1
1
1
0
1
PS
0
1
SO
0
1
Sound Subcarrier Freq (MHz)
4.5
5.5
6.0
6.5
Picture-to-Sound Ratio (dB)
12
16
Sound Oscillator
Sound oscillator ON (Normal mode)
Sound oscillation disabled (oscillator and PLL
Standby Mode
OSC SO ATT
0 1 1
Combination of 3-bits
Modulator standby mode .
OSC
1
0
ATT
0
1
UHF Oscillator
Normal operation
UHF oscillator disabled (oscillator and PLL sections bias turned OFF)
Modular Output Attenuation
Normal operation
Modulator output attenuation (sound and video modulators sections bias turned OFF.
Video
PWC
0
1
Peak White Clip
Peak White Clip ON
Peak White Clip OFF
TPEN
0
1
Test Pattern Signal
Test pattern signal OFF (normal operation)
Test pattern signal ON (picture and sound)
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 1 and VHF Range
X2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
X1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
X0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
State Description
1.a
Normal operation
1.b
RF frequency divided for low frequency testing or VHF range: RF/2
1.c
RF/4
1.d
RF/8
1.e
RF/16
1.f
DC drive applied to modulators: Non-inverted video at TVOUT
1.g
DC drive applied to modulators: Inverted video at TVOUT
1.h
Transient output inhibit disabled
During this speed-up test mode, ATT=0 forces sound current source to 1 µ A, and
ATT=1 forces it to 10 µ A.
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I2C Programming
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 2
0
0
X5 X4
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
X3
0
1
0
1
0
1
State Description
2.a
Normal operation
2.b
Test pattern generator DC verification (Test pattern DC test mode available)
2.c
Programmable divider test
(UHF prog. div. on PLLFILT and sound prog. div. on SPLLFIL pin )
2.d
Reference divider test (UHF reference divider on PLLFILT pin)
2.e
2.f
2.g
2.h
UHF phase comparator, upper source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparator 10 µ A upper source on SPLLFIL
(Only valid during transcient output inhibit)
UHF phase comparator, lower source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparator 10 µ A lower source on SPLLFIL
(Only valid during transcient output inhibit)
Sound phase comparator 1 µ A upper source on SPLLFIL
(Not valid during transcient output inhibit)
Sound phase comparator 1 µ Alower source on SPLLFIL
(Not valid during transcient output inhibit)
NOTE:
Test modes 1 and 2 are intended for manufacturing test purpose only and cannot be used for normal application, except for VHF range (states 1.b to
1.e)
8
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9 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: V cc
=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25 o
C, Video Input 1V p-p
, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Type
TVOUT output level
Output signal from modulator section
UHF oscillator frequency
VHF range
Chroma/Sound intermodulation:
Fp + (Fsnd – Fchr)
From UHF oscillator internally divided
TVOUT output attenuation
During transient output inhibit, or when
ATT bit is set to 1. See Figure .
See Note 2
Sound subcarrier harmonics (Fp + n ∗ Fs) Reference picture carrier. See Note 2
Second harmonic of chroma subcarrier Using red EBU bar. See Note 2
Using red EBU bar .See Note 2
Fo (picture carrier) harmonics
Out band (picture carrier) spurious
2nd harmonic: CH21
3rd harmonic: CH21
See NOTE 1. See Note 2
1/2 ∗ Fo–1/4 ∗ Fo–3/ 2 ∗ Fo–3/4 ∗ Fo
From 40MHz to 1GHz . See Note 2
73
460
45
50
—
—
—
—
—
—
74.5
—
—
60
63
—
—
35
26
0
77
880
460
—
58
65
65
30
22
10 dB
µ
MHz
MHz dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dB µ
In band spurious (Fo ± 5MHz) No video sound modulation.See Note 2 — — 60 dBc
Note: 1: Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on PCB layout and decoupling capacitors.
Note:
2: See “Characterization Measurement Conditions” on page 12.
V
V
B
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
2Fo Harm onics
40
35
30
Typical
25
20
Minimum specification
15
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fre que ncy (M hz)
TV Output Le ve l
78
77
76
75
Maximum specification
74 Typical
73
Minimum specification
72
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e que ncy (M hz)
Figure 3. Typical Performance
3Fo Har m onics
45
40
35
30
25
Typical
20
Minimum specification
15
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e que ncy (M hz )
T V O u t p u t A t t e n u a t io n
7 5
7 0
6 5
6 0
5 5
Typical
5 0
4 5
Minimum specification
4 7 1 5 2 1 57 1 6 21 6 7 1 7 2 1 7 7 1 8 21 8 7 1
Fr e q u e n c y ( M h z )
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10 Video Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: V cc
=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25 o
C, Video Input 1V p-p
, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Video bandwidth
Video input level
Video input current
Video input impedance
Peak White Clip
Video S/N
Differential Phase
Differential Gain
Luma/Sync ratio
Video modulation depth
Reference 0dB at 100kHz, measured at 5MHz. See Note 2
75Ohm load
Test Conditions
PWC bit set to 1, see PWC section.
See Note 2
No sound modulation,100% white video
Using CCIR Rec.567 weighting filter
Unweighted . See Note 2
CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from the first 4 steps out of 5 . See Note 2
CCIR Test Line 310, worst case from the first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2
Input ratio 7 .
0:3 .
0
Min Typ
–1.5
–0.8
—
—
500
110
—
0.2
—
114
50
45
–5
–5
6.8/
3.2
75
53
—
—
—
—
81
Max
—
118
—
—
5
5
7.2/
2.8
88
Unit dB
1 .
5 Vcvbs
1
—
µ A
K Ω
% dB deg
%
—
%
Type
C
D
A
A
A
C
B
B
C
C
C
Video Signal to Noise
58
56
54
Typical
52
50
Minimum specification
48
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
PAL V id e o M od u lation De p th
90
88
86
84
82
80
Typical
Maximum specification
78
76 Minimum specification
74
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e qu e ncy (M h z )
Figure 4. Typical performances
10
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11 Audio Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: V cc
=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25 o
C, Video Input 1V p-p
, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75 Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Picture-to-Sound ratio
Audio modulation depth
Audio input resistance
Audio Frequency response
Audio Distortion FM (THD only)
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz FM
Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Type
PS bit set to 0
PS bit set to 1
13
9
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit, audio input level=205mVrms–audio frequency=1kHz
FM modulation: Fs=5.5, 6 or 6.5MHz
100% modulation=±50kHz FM deviation
—
16
12
80
FM modulation: NTSC Fs=4.5MHz
100% modulation=±25kHz FM deviation
— 80
Reference 0dB at 1kHz, using specified pre-emphasis circuit, measure from 50Hz to 15kHz at 1kHz, 100% modulation ( ± 50kHz)
No video
45
–2.5
—
48
53
—
0.4
53
19
15
—
—
61
+
2
2
— dB
%
%
K
Ω dB
% dB
B
B
B
A
C
C
C
Audio Signal to Noise
58
56
54
52
Typical
50
48
Minimum specification
46
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
Figure 5. Typical performances
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12 Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device default configuration unless otherwise specified:
• Peak White Clip enable
• UHF oscillator ON
• Sound and video modulators ON
• Sound subcarrier frequency = 5.5Mhz
• Sound Oscillator ON
• Picture-to-sound carrier ratio = 12dB
• Test pattern disabled
• All test mode bits are ‘0’
• Frequency from channel 21 to 69
RF Inputs/Output into 75ohm Load using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation. Video Input 1V pk-pk. Audio pre-emphasis circuit engaged
Device and Signals Set-up
Video : 10 steps grey scale
No audio
Measurement Set-up
TVOUT output level
Measured picture carrier in dBuV with the HP8596E Spectrum Analyser using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation, all cables losses and transformation pads having been calibrated.
Measurement used as a reference for other tests :TVout_Ref
TVOUT output attenuation
“ATT” bit = 1
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc picture carrier at “ATT”=”1” with reference to picture carrier at “ATT”=”0”.
Video : 10 steps grey scale
No Audio signal
Sound Subcarrier Harmonics
Measure in dBc second and third sound harmonics levels in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref).
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Fo +5.5Mhz
Sound
2nd harm
Sound
3rd harm
+11Mhz +16.5Mhz
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Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
Second Harmonics of Chroma subcarrier
No audio
Video : a 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal signal is inserted on the black level of active video area.
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second harmonic of chroma at channel frequency plus 2 times chroma frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Picture carrier
Frequency
Frequency
700mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Chroma carrier
Sound carrier
Chroma 2nd
Harmonic
Fo +4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
+8.86Mhz
Chroma/Sound intermodulation
No audio signal
Video : 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal signal inserted on the black level of active video area.This is generated using a
Rohde & Schwarz Video Generator SAF and inserting the required frequency from a
RF Signal generator.
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), intermodulation product at channel frequency plus the sound carrier frequency (+5,5Mhz) minus the chroma frequency ( -4,43Mhz), resulting in the following spectrum.
Intermodulation product is at the channel frequency +1,07Mhz.
Picture carrier
Frequency
Frequency
Chroma carrier
Sound carrier
700mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Chroma/Sound
Intermod.
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Fo +1.07Mhz
+4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
Picture Carrier Harmonics
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second and third harmonic of channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier
2nd harmonic
3rd harmonic
Fo 2Fo 3Fo
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Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
Out of Band Spurious
Measure in dBuV spurious levels at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 times channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Measure from 40Mhz to 1Ghz .
Picture carrier
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Spurious
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Fo/4
In Band Spurious
Fo/2 Fo*3/4 Fo Fo*3/2
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), spurious levels falling into video bandwith Fo+/-5Mhz.
Video Bandwidth
No audio
Video : 600mVpk-pk sinusoidal signal inserted on the black level of active video area.
No Audio signal.
Video : 10 step grey scale
The Video signal is demodulated on the spectrum analyser, and the peak level of the 100Khz signal is measured as a reference. The frequency is then swept from 100Khz to 5Mhz, and then the difference in dBc from the 100Khz reference level is measured.
Peak White Clip
The video modulation depth is measured for 1.0VCVBS input level, giving modulation depth MDA. Then the same measurement is carried out for an input level of 1.4VCVBC, giving modulation depth MDB.
The Peak White Clip is defined as 100*MDB/MDA.
Weighted Video Signal to Noise
Video : 100% White video signal - 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network,
100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap and enveloppe detection, and a Rohde &
Schwarz UAF Video Analyser.
The Video Analyser measures the ratio between the amplitude of the active area of the video signal (700mV) and the noise level in Vrms on a video black level which is show below.
VideoS/N is calculated as 20 x log(700 /N) in dB
N noise level in Vrms
Unweighted Video Signal to Noise
Same as above with CCIR filter disabled.
Same as above.
Video Differential Phase
Video : 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network,
100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap, and eveloppe detection, and a Rohde &
Schwarz UAF Video Analyser.
On line CCIR 330, the video analyser DP measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma phase at the black level and the different chroma subcarrier phase angles at each step of the greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
DIFF PHASE = the largest positive or negative difference the phaseat position 0
* 100%
The video analyser method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
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Device and Signals Set-up
Video : 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network,
100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap and enveloppe detection, and a Rohde &
Schwarz UAF Video Analyser.
Measurement Set-up
Video Differential Gain
On line CCIR 330 shown below, the video analyser DG measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma amplitude at the black level and the different amplitudes at each step of the greyscale.
The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
1 3 5
0 2 4
5-step Greyscale with Chroma subcarrier superimposed
(not to scale), line CCIR 330.
the largest positive or negative difference
DIFF GAIN = * 100% the amplitude at position 0
The video analyser method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
Video Modulation Depth
This is measured using a HP8596E Spectrum Analyser with a TV
Trigger option, allowing demodulation and triggering on any specified
TV Line. The analyser is centred on the maximum peak of the Video signal and reduced to zero Hertz span in Linear mode to demodulate the Video carrier..
No Audio signal
Video : 10 step grey scale
TV Line Demodulated by Spectrum Analyser-BG standard
The Modulation Depth is calculated as (A-B)/A x 100 in %
Picture to Sound ratio
Measure in dBc sound carrier in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref) for “PS” bit=0 (PS=12dB typical) and for “PS” bit=1 (PS=16dB),
Picture carrier
No Video signal
No Audio Signal
“PS” bit set to 0 and 1 Sound carrier
Fo +5.5Mhz
Video Black Level
Audio signal : 1Khz, 205mVrms.
Audio Modulation Depth - FM Modulation
The audio signal 205mV at 1kHz is supplied by the Audio Analyser , and the FM demodulated signal deviation is indicated on the Demodulator in
Khz peak.
This value is then converted in % of FM deviation, based on specified standards.
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
HP8903A Audio Analyser at 1kHz
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Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
Video Black Level
Audio signal : 50Hz to 15KHz, 100mV rms
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
HP8903A .
Audio Frequency response
The audio signal 1KHz 100mV rms is supplied by the Audio Analyser, demodulated by the Demodulator and the audio analyser measures the
AC amplitude of this demodulated audio signal : this value is taken as a reference (0dB).
The audio signal is then swept from 50Hz to 15KHz, and demodulated
AC amplitude is measured in dB relative to the 1KHz reference.
Audio pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits are engaged, all audio analyser filters are switched OFF.
Audio Distorsion FM
Audio : 1Khz, adjustable level
Video Black Level
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G and a HP8903A Audio Analyser at 1kHz .
The output level of the Audio analyser is varied to obtain a deviation of 50kHz indicated on the Demodulator.
The input rms detector of the Audio Analyser converts the ac level of the combined signal + noise + distortion to dc. It then removes the fundamental signal (1kHz) after having measured the frequency. The output rms detector converts the residual noise + distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures both dc signals and calculates the ratio in % of the two signals.
ADist =
(
Distorsion + Noise
) ⁄ (
Distorsion + Noise + Signal
)
Audio : 1Khz, adjustable level
Video : EBU Color Bars
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
HP8903A Audio Analyser at 1kHz . The output level of the Audio analyser is varied to obtain a Modulation Deviation of 25kHz indicated on the AMFS Demodulator.
Audio Signal to Noise
The Audio Analyser alternately turns ON and OFF it's internal audio source to make a measure of the Audio signal plus noise and then another measure of only the noise.
The measurement is made using the internal CCIR468-2 Filter of the
Audio Analyser together with the internal 30+/-2kHz (60dB/decade)
Lowpass filters.
The AMFS demodulator uses a quasi-parallel demodulation as is the case in a normal TV set. In this mode the Nyquist filter is bypassed and the video carrier is used without added delay to effectuate intercarrier conversion. In this mode the phase noise information fully cancels out and the true S/N can be measured
ASN dB ) = 20 × log ( Signal + Noise ) ⁄ ( Noise )
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13 Modulator Functional Description
13.1 Power ON Settings
At power-ON, the MC44BC374T configuration is as follows:
WRITE MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3
C1—High Order Bits
C0—Low Order Bits
FM—High Order Bits
FL—Low Order Bits
1
0
0
N5
0
1
0
N4
0
0
N11
N3
0
0
N10
N2
Note: N0 to N11 are set to have UHF oscillator on channel 36 ( 591.25MHz).
Note: Peak White Clip is ON.
Note: Sound frequency is 5.5MHz.
Note: Picture to sound ratio is 12dB.
0
1
N9
N1
Bit 2
0
0
N8
N0
Bit 1
0
0
N7
0
NOTE:
This power-ON configuration is not available when modulator is switched
ON from STBY pin.
Bit 0
0
0
N6
0
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
13.2 Power Supply
The three device Vccs (pins 10, 13, 15) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks are correctly biased. All other pins must not be biased before Vcc is applied to device (except STBY pin during hardware standby mode).
13.3 Standby Modes
During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption : the sound oscillator, UHF oscillator, video and sound modulator sections bias are internally turned OFF.
The IIC bus section remains active.
Modulator can be switched in standby mode in 2 cases :
• Software standby mode : combination of 3 bits of IIC message :OSC=0, SO=1 and ATT=1
• Hardware standby mode : STBY pin is set to LO state
13.3.1 Hardware/Software Standby Modes
There is an internal logical “OR” function between the hardware and software standby modes:
Hardware Standby Mode Normal
Software Standby Mode Normal
Modulator Mode Normal
Normal
Standby
Standby
Standby
Normal
Standby
Standby
Standby
Standby
NOTE:
When switching from STBY=LO to STBY=HI, the modulator configuration is not guaranteed. An IIC message has to be sent to program the modulator.
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13.3.2 STBY Pin Levels
Modulator Mode
STBY pin state
STBY pin level
Normal
HI
+5V or high impedance
Standby
LO
0V
A pull down resistor may be used on STBY pin in order to force an “high impedance” condition into a LO state (ie standby mode condition).
13.4 Transient Output Inhibit
To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF for each of the following three cases:
1. Power-ON from zero (i.e., all Vcc is switched from 0 V to 5V ).
2. UHF oscillator power-ON from OFF state (i.e., OSC bit is switched from 0 to 1)
3. STBY pin switched from LO state to HI state
There is a time-out of 263ms until the output is enabled. This lets the UHF PLL settle to its programmed frequency. During the 263ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10 µ
A typical to speed up the locking time. After the 263ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1 µ
A . Use care when selecting loop filter components, to ensure the loop transient does not exceed this delay.
For test purposes, it is possible to disable the 263ms delay using Test Mode1–State 1.h.
13.5 Video Section - Peak white clip
The modulator requires:
• A composite video input with negative going sync pulses
• A nominal level of 1Vp-p
This signal is AC-coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped. The video signal is then passed to a Peak White Clip circuit. The PWC circuit function is to soft-clip the top of the video waveform if the “sync tip amplitude” to “peak white clip” goes too high. This method avoids carrier over-modulation by the video. Clipping can be disabled by software.
13.6 Sound Section
The multivibrator oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. An internal low-pass filter and matched structure give a very low harmonics level.
The sound modulator system consists of an FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator.
The audio input signal is AC-coupled into the amplifier, which then drives both types of modulator. The audio pre-emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor and an internal resistor
(100k Ohms). The recommended capacitor value (470 pF ) is for BG standard; time constant is 50 µ s .
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13.7 Test Pattern Generator
The IC generates a simple test pattern, which can be switched under bus control to permit a TV receiver to easily tune to the modulator output. The pattern consists of two white vertical bars on a black background and a 976Hz audio test signal.
TE2
7/10
3/10
0
TE1
10 20 24 28 30 40
TIME IN µS.
44 50 60 64
13.8 PLL Section
The reference divider is a fixed divide-by-128, resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25 KHz with a
4.0 MHz crystal. The 31.25 KHz reference frequency is used for both UHF and Sound PLLs.
The prescaler is a fixed divide-by-8 and is permanently engaged. The programmable divider division-ratio is controlled by the state of control bits N0 to N11. The divider-ratio N for a desired frequency F (in MHz) is given by:
N =
8
×
4 with:
N = 2048
×
N11 + 1024
×
N10 +
……
+ 4
×
N2 + 2
×
N1 + N0
13.9 UHF Oscillator—VHF range
The UHF oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components.
For low frequency testing or VHF range operation (test mode 1, states 1.b to 1.c), the UHF oscillator can be internally divided by: 2, 4, 8, or 16.
13.10 Differences from MC44BC374C device
• “OSC” bit programmation is inverted
• Hardware standby mode is added
• Logic Output Port is not available
• “TB1” bit is not available (limited software compatibility with the MC44355 device)
• Read Mode is not available
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14 High Speed I
2
C Compatible Bus
14.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, Vcc1 =5.0V, TA =25 o
C.
Electrical Characteristics
SDA / SCL output current at 0V
SDA / SCL low input level
SDA / SCL high input level
SDA/SCL input current for input level from 0.4V to 0.3Vcc
SDA/SCL input level
SDA/SCL capacitance
ACK low output level (sinking 3mA)
ACK low output level (sinking 15mA)
Timing Characteristics
Bus clock frequency
Bus free time between stop and start
Setup time for start condition
Hold time for start condition
Data setup time
Data hold time
Setup time for stop condition
Hold time for stop condition
Acknowledge propagation delay
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 130pF load
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 400pF load
SDA rise time
SCL fall/rise time
Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input filter
14.2 Timings Definition
Tbuf
Stop Start
Chip Address
SSDA
SSCL
...
...
ACK
Tsu;sto Thd;sta Tsu;dat Thd;dat Tack:low
SDA
SCL
Min
—
—
3.0
–5
0
—
—
—
Typ
—
—
—
—
—
5
V
µ A
— Vcc+0,3 V
—
0,3
—
Max
10
1.5
10
1
1.5
Unit Type
µ A
V pF
V
V
A
B
B
C
D
C
A
C
Min Typ
0
200
500
500
0
0
500
500
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Max
—
—
—
—
800
—
—
—
300
50
80
300
300
50
Unit Type ns ns ns ns kHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Tsu;sta
Start Stop
SDA
SCL
Thd;sto
14.3 Levels Definition
SDA
...
Vcc
Vih
Vil
0V
20 dead band
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14.4 High Speed I
2
C Compatible Bus Format
SCL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 44 45
STA
SDA
Chip Address ($CA)
ACK
First Data Byte (C1 or FM)
ACK
Data
ACK
Stop
14.5 I
2
C Write Mode Format and Bus Receiver
The bus receiver operates the I
2
C compatible data format. The chip address (I
2
C bus) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (ACK) = $CA (hex) in write mode
In write mode, each ninth data bit (bits 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45) is an acknowledge bit (ACK) during which the MCU sends a logic 1 and the Modulator circuit answers on the data line by pulling it low. Besides the chip address, the circuit needs two (2) or four (4) data bytes for operation. The following sequences of data bytes are the permitted incoming information:
Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
Example 4
STA
STA
STA
STA
CA
CA
CA
CA
With:
STA = Start condition
FM = Frequency information, high order bits
C1 = Control information, high order bits
STO = Stop condition
C1
FM
C1
FM
C0
FL
C0
FL
STO
STO
FM
C1
FL
C0
STO
STO
CA = Chip Address
FL = Frequency information, low order bits
CO = Control information, low order bits
After the chip address, two (2) or four (4) data bytes may be received.
• If three (3) data bytes are received, the third one is ignored.
• If five (5) or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following ones are ignored, and the last ACK pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte.
The first and third data bytes contain a function bit, which lets the IC distinguish between frequency information and control information. If the function bit is a logic 1, the two following bytes contain control information. The first data byte after the chip address, may be byte CO or byte FM. The two bytes of frequency information are preceded by a logic 0.
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15 Pin Circuit Schematics
VCCD
VCC
50 25K
SDA
1/2 VCCD
SCL
VCC
25K
ACK
XTAL
VCC
5K
1.5K
VCC
STBY
VCCD
1/2 VCCD
PREM
VCC
11.8k
10k audio
50k
VCC
AUDIO IN
SPLLFLT
VCC
5K
VCC
VCC
75
TV OUT
VCC
TVOVCC
PLLFLT
VCC
VCC
100
2K
Figure 6. Pin Circuit Schematics
VCC
10K 500
10K
VIDEO
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16 Application and Case Diagrams
16.1 Proposed BiCMOS Modulator Application
This document contains information on a new product under development.
Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
SDA
O
SCL
O
Hi/Lo
4MHz
Pre-em
Note 3
220K
Cx
Note 1
470pF
SCL
1
SDA
2
3
STBY
4
XTAL
GND
5
6
PREEM
7
AUDIO
8
SPLLFLT
16
GNDD
15
VCCD
14
PLLFLT
13
TVOVCC
12
TVOUT
11
GND
10
VCCA
9
VIDEO
10nF
1nF
10nF
Note 2
22nF
2.2k
47nF
O TVOUT
10nF
220nF
100nF
22nF 15K
75
100nF
O
Audio
O
Video
O
Vcc
Note 1: Cx value depends on crystal characteristics; Cx = 27pF on Motorola application board.
Note 2: Loop Filter components must be as close as possible to pins 14 and 15
Note 3: The 220K pull down resistor set the STBY pin “open” condition to “standby mode”.
If not connected, the “open” condition is “normal mode”
Figure 7. Proposed MC44BC374T Application Schematic
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16.2 Packaging Instructions
Tape and reel packaging per 12MRH00360A with the following conditions applicable for Dual In-Line
SOP (SOIC) package.
Component Orientation: Arrange parts with the pin 1 side closest to the tape's round sprocket holes on the tape's trailing edge.
16.3 Marking Instructions
SO16NB Package
Bar marked part way accross Pin 1 end of package.
Bar width 10 to 20 mils, length to be at least four times Bar width. Bar placement may extend across chamfer and dimple areas.
Pin 1 Dot or Dimple
M44BC374T
• 1st line: 44BC374T for MC44BC374T device (Part number coded on 10 digits)
• 2nd line:
Assembly site code AW (2 digits) followed by the wafer lot code L (1 digit), year Y (1 digit) and work week WW (2 digits)
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Dim
E1 b c e
A
A1
D
E
L h
Q
Millimeters
Min Max
1.35
0.1
9.8
5.8
1.75
0.25
10
6.2
3.8
0.35
4
0.49
0.19
0.25
1.27 BSC
0.4
0.25
0 o
1.25
0.5
7 o
Inches
Min Max
0.054
0.004
0.385
0.229
0.068
0.009
0.393
0.244
0.150
0.014
0.157
0.019
0.008
0.009
0.050 BSC
0.016
0.010
0 o
0.049
0.019
7 o
Note: 1. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
Note: 2. Controlling dimension: Millimeters.
Note: 3. Dimension D and E1 do not include mold protrusion.
Note: 4. Maximum mold protrusion 0.15 ( 0.006) per side.
Note: 5. Dimension b does not include Dambar protrusion. Allowable Dambar protrusion shall be 0.127
(0.005) total in excess of the b dimension at maximum material condition.
Figure 8. SO16NB Package
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