STMicroelectronics VL53L7CX Datasheet
STMicroelectronics VL53L7CX is an advanced Time-of-Flight sensor that offers precise multizone distance ranging with a 90° field of view. Its 8x8 multizone capability allows for simultaneous detection and measurement of multiple objects within its wide field of view. The module's autonomous mode with programmable distance threshold makes it ideal for low-power user detection applications.
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VL53L7CX
VL53L7CX
Datasheet
Time-of-Flight 8x8 multizone ranging sensor with 90° FoV
Features
• Fast and accurate multizone distance ranging sensor with 90° wide FoV
– 60° x 60° square field of view (FoV) (90° diagonal)
– Multizone ranging output with either 4x4 or 8x8 separate zones
– Autonomous Low-power mode with interrupt programmable threshold to wake up the host
– Up to 350 cm ranging
– Multitarget detection and distance measurement in each zone
– 60 Hz frame rate capability
– Histogram processing and algorithmic compensation minimizes or removes impact of cover glass crosstalk
– Motion indicator for each zone to show if targets have moved and how they have moved
• Fully integrated miniature module
– Emitter: 940 nm invisible light vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and integrated analog driver
– Diffractive optical elements (DOE) on both transmitter and receiver enabling square FoV
– Receiving array of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs)
– Low-power microcontroller running firmware
– Size: 6.4 x 3.0 x 1.6 mm
• Easy integration
– Single reflowable component
– Flexible power supply options, single 3.3 V or 2.8 V operation or combination of either 3.3 V or 2.8 V AVDD with 1.8 V IOVDD
– Compatible with wide range of cover glass materials
– Pin-to-pin and driver compatible with VL53L5CX
Application
• Ultra wide FoV and multizone scanning allows content management (load in trucks, tanks, waste bins)
• Applications requiring ultrawide FoV, like smart speakers, vacuum cleaners
(three sensors can cover 180° x 60° FoV)
• Gesture recognition with wide field of detection
• Devices requiring ultrawide FoV for user detection to wake-up devices (smart buildings, smart lighting)
• Keystone correction for video projectors
• Robotics applications (SLAM, wall tracking, small object detection, cliff prediction, floor type recognition)
• Augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) enhancement. Dual camera stereoscopy and 3D depth assistance thanks to multizone distance measurement
• IoT (user and object detection)
• Video focus tracking. 60 Hz ranging allows optimization of continuous focus algorithm
DS13865 - Rev 3 - September 2022
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
VL53L7CX
Description
Specially designed for applications requiring an ultrawide FoV, the VL53L7CX Time-of-Flight sensor offers a 90° diagonal FoV. Based on ST's FlightSense technology, the VL53L7CX incorporates an efficient metasurface lens
(DOE) placed on the laser emitter enabling the projection of a 60° x 60° square FoV onto the scene.
Its multizone capability provides a matrix of 8x8 zones (64 zones) and can work at fast speeds (60 Hz) up to
350 cm.
Thanks to the autonomous mode with programmable distance threshold combined to the ultrawide FoV, the
VL53L7CX is perfect for any application requiring low-power user detection. ST's patented algorithms and innovative module construction allow the VL53L7CX to detect, in each zone, multiple objects within the FoV with depth understanding. ST histogram algorithms ensure cover glass crosstalk immunity beyond 60 cm.
Derived from the VL53L5CX, the pinouts and drivers of both sensors are compatible, which ensures a simple migration from one sensor to the other.
Like all Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors based on ST's FlightSense technology, the VL53L7CX records, in each zone, an absolute distance regardless of the target color and reflectance.
Housed in a miniature reflowable package that integrates a SPAD array, the VL53L7CX achieves the best ranging performance in various ambient lighting conditions, and for a wide range of cover glass materials.
All of ST's ToF sensors integrate a VCSEL that emits a fully invisible 940 nm IR light, which is totally safe for the eyes (Class 1 certification).
The VL53L7CX is the perfect sensor for any application requiring ultrawide FoV like robotics, smart speakers, video projectors, content management. The combination of the multizone capability and the 90° FoV can enhance new use-cases like gesture recognition, SLAM for robotics, and low power system activation for smart building.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 2/40
1
1.1
1.2
VL53L7CX
Product overview
Product overview
Technical specifications
Feature
Package
Size
Ranging
Operating voltage
Operating temperature
Sample rate
Infrared emitter
I 2 C interface
Operating ranging mode
Table 1. Technical specifications
Details
Optical LGA16
6.4 x 3.0 x 1.6 mm
2 to 350 cm per zone
IOVDD: 1.8 or 2.8 V or 3.3 V
AVDD: 2.8 V or 3.3 V
-30 to 85 °C
Up to 60 Hz
940 nm
I 2 C: serial bus, address: 0x52
Continuous or Autonomous (see UM3038 for more information)
Field of view
Rx (or collector) exclusion zone includes all modules assembly tolerances and is used to define the cover window dimensions. The cover window opening must be equal to or wider than the exclusion zone.
The detection volume represents the applicative or system FoV in which a target is detected, and a distance measured. It is determined by the Rx lens or the Rx aperture, and is narrower than the exclusion zone.
Figure 1. System FoV and exclusion zone description (not to scale)
Note:
Detection volume
Collector exclusion zone
Table 2. FoV angles
Horizontal
60 o
74 o
Vertical
60 o
74 o
Diagonal
90 o
105 o
Detection volume depends on the environment and sensor configuration as well as target distance, reflectance, ambient light level, sensor resolution, sharpener, ranging mode, and integration time.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 3/40
Note:
1.3
VL53L7CX
Field of illumination
The detection volume of
has been measured with a white 88% reflectance perpendicular target in full FoV, located at 1 m from the sensor, without ambient light (dark conditions), with an 8x8 resolution and 14% sharpener (default value), in Continuous mode at 15 Hz.
•
•
Field of illumination
The VCSEL field of illumination (FoI) is shown in the figure below. The relative emitted signal power depends on the FoI angle, and corresponds to:
73.8° x 73.8° considering a beam with 75% signal from maximum
80.8° x 80.8° considering a beam with 10% signal from maximum
Figure 2. VL53L7CX FoI
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 4/40
1.4
System block diagram
Figure 3. VL53L7CX block diagram
VL53L7CX
System block diagram
1.5
Device pinout
The figure below shows the pinout of the VL53L7CX.
Figure 4. VL53L7CX pinout (bottom view)
The VL53L7CX pin description is given in the table below.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 5/40
Note:
Note:
Note:
VL53L7CX
Device pinout
Pin number
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
B4
B7
C1
A6
A7
B1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
Table 3. VL53L7CX pin description
Signal name
I2C_RST
RSVD4
INT
IOVDD
LPn
RSVD1
RSVD2
AVDD
THERMALPAD
AVDD
GND
RSVD6
SDA
SCL
RSVD5
RSVD3
GND
Signal type
Digital input
Reserved
Digital input/output
(I/O)
Power
Digital input
Reserved
Reserved
Power
Ground
Power
Ground
Reserved
Digital I/O
Digital input
Reserved
Reserved
Ground
Signal description
I 2 C interface reset pin, active high. Toggle this pin from 0 to 1, then back to 0 to reset the I 2 C slave. Connect to GND via 47 kΩ resistor.
Connect to ground
Interrupt output, defaults to opendrain output
(tristate), 47 kΩ pullup resistor to IOVDD required
1.8 V, 2.8 V or 3.3 V supply for digital core and
I/O supply
Comms enable. Drive this pin to logic 0 to disable the I 2 C comms when the device is in
LP mode. Drive this pin to logic 1 to enable I 2 comms in LP mode. Typically used when it is
C required to change the I 2 C adress in multidevice systems. A 47 kΩ pullup resistor to IOVDD is required.
Connect to ground
Connect to ground
2.8 V or 3.3 V analog and VCSEL supply
Connect to a ground plane to allow good thermal conduction
2.8 V or 3.3 V analog and VCSEL supply
Ground
General purpose I/O, defaults to opendrain output (tristate), 47 kΩ pullup resistor to IOVDD required
Data (bidirectional), 2.2 kΩ pullup resistor to
IOVDD required
Clock (input), 2.2 kΩ pullup resistor to IOVDD required
Do not connect
Connect to ground
Ground
The THERMALPAD pin has to be connected to ground (for more information refer to AN5853).
All digital signals must be driven to the IOVDD level.
Toggling the I2C_RST pin resets the sensor I2C communication only. It does not reset the sensor itself. To reset the sensor refer to the sensor reset management procedure (UM3038).
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 6/40
1.6
VL53L7CX
Application schematic
Application schematic
The figures below show the application schematic of the VL53L7CX with different IOVDD and AVDD combinations.
Figure 5. Typical application schematic
AVDD IOVDD
IOVDD = [1.8 V, 2.8 V, 3.3 V]
AVDD = [2.8 V, 3.3 V]
IOVDD
4.7uF
6.3V
100nF
10V
IOVDD
2.2 k 2.2 k 47k 47k
Host MCU
R7
47k
U2
A5
LPn
C4
C3
A3
A1
SCL
SDA
INT
I2C_RST
RSVD6
RSVD5
C2
C5
RSVD1
RSVD2
RSVD3
RSVD4
ToF sensor
A6
A7
C6
A2
47k
Note: Capacitors on the external supplies (AVDD and IOVDD) should be placed as close as possible to the module pins.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 7/40
2
2.1
VL53L7CX
Functional description
Functional description
Software interface
This section shows the software interface of the device. The host customer application controls the VL53L7CX using an application programming interface (API). The API implementation is delivered to the customer as a driver (C code and reference Linux® driver). The driver provides the customer application with a set of high level functions that allow control of the VL53L7CX firmware such as device initialization, ranging start/stop, mode select etc.
Figure 6. VL53L7CX system functional description
2.2
Power state machine
Figure 7. Power state machine
DS13865 - Rev 3
Device state
LP idle
HP idle
Ranging
Table 4. Power state description
Description
Low power idle state with data retention
RAM and register content retained
Allows fast resume to HP idle
I 2 C communication disabled if using LPn
High power idle state
Device needs to be in HP idle state to start ranging
Power up state
Full operation
VCSEL is active (pulsing) page 8/40
2.3
Note:
VL53L7CX
Power up sequence
Power up sequence
The recommended power up sequence is shown in the figure below. When powering up the device, the IOVDD supply should be applied at the same time or after AVDD. When removing power, the AVDD supply should be removed at the same time or after IOVDD.
Avoid powering IOVDD while AVDD is unpowered to prevent increased leakage current.
Figure 8. Power up sequence
Time t
1 t
2
Table 5. Power up timing table
Description
IOVDD rise after AVDD
IOVDD fall before AVDD
Min.
0 s
0 s
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 9/40
2.3.1
VL53L7CX
Power up sequence
Power up slew
To ensure proper operation of the module, the following minimum slew rates on the supplies must be met for correct operation of the power on reset (POR) circuitry. The POR circuitry triggers at 0.9 V, but the supplies should reach their operation levels in accordance with the slew rates listed in the table below.
Figure 9. Power up slew
Note:
Note:
Note:
2.3.2
The minimum reset time is the minimum time required for the device ROM to load and boot up after IOVDD reaches the POR rising threshold. The supply must have reached the minimum operating level (1.6 V) within this time.
The minimum slew rate on the IOVDD is the same regardless of 1.8 V or 2.8 V operation.
The AVDD rise time is determined by the internal analogue levels which must be stable for correct operation.
Table 6. Supply slew rate minimum limits
Supply status
Start together
AVDD stable followed by IOVDD
IOVDD stable followed by AVDD
AVDD slew
0.001 V/µs
—
0.001 V/µs
IOVDD slew
0.012 V/µs
0.012 V/µs
—
Power up and I
2
C access
For correct operation of the device, the I 2 C interface assumes the power level has reached 1.62 V.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 10/40
3
VL53L7CX
I2C control interface
I
2
C control interface
This section specifies the control interface. The I 2 C interface uses two signals: serial data line (SDA) and serial clock line (SCL). Each device connected to the bus uses a unique address and a simple master / slave relationships exists.
Both SDA and SCL lines are connected to a positive supply voltage using pull-up resistors located on the host.
Lines are only actively driven low. A high condition occurs when lines are floating and the pull-up resistors pull lines up. When no data is transmitted both lines are high.
Clock signal (SCL) generation is performed by the master device. The master device initiates data transfer. The
I 2 C bus on the VL53L7CX has a maximum speed of 1 Mbits/s and uses a device 8-bit address of 0x52.
Figure 10. Data transfer protocol
Information is packed in 8-bit packets (bytes) always followed by an acknowledge bit, Ac for VL53L7CX acknowledge and Am for master acknowledge (host bus master). The internal data are produced by sampling
SDA at a rising edge of SCL. The external data must be stable during the high period of SCL. The exceptions to this are start (S) or stop (P) conditions when SDA falls or rises respectively, while SCL is high.
A message contains a series of bytes preceded by a start condition and followed by either a stop or repeated start (another start condition but without a preceding stop condition) followed by another message. The first byte contains the device address (0x52) and also specifies the data direction. If the least significant bit is low
(that is, 0x52) the message is a master-write-to-the-slave. If the lsb is set (that is, 0x53) then the message is a master-read-from-the-slave.
Figure 11. VL53L7CX I 2 C device address: 0x52
DS13865 - Rev 3
All serial interface communications with the Time-of-Flight sensor must begin with a start condition. The
VL53L7CX module acknowledges the receipt of a valid address by driving the SDA wire low. The state of the read/write bit (lsb of the address byte) is stored and the next byte of data, sampled from SDA, can be interpreted.
During a write sequence, the second byte received provides a 16-bit index which points to one of the internal 8-bit registers.
page 11/40
DS13865 - Rev 3
Figure 12. VL53L7CX data format (write)
VL53L7CX
I2C control interface
As data are received by the slave, they are written bit by bit to a serial/parallel register. After each data byte has been received by the slave, an acknowledge is generated, the data are then stored in the internal register addressed by the current index.
During a read message, the contents of the register addressed by the current index is read out in the byte following the device address byte. The contents of this register are parallel loaded into the serial/parallel register and clocked out of the device by the falling edge of SCL.
Figure 13. VL53L7CX data format (read)
At the end of each byte, in both read and write message sequences, an acknowledge is issued by the receiving device (that is, the VL53L7CX for a write and the host for a read).
A message can only be terminated by the bus master, either by issuing a stop condition or by a negative acknowledge (that is, not pulling the SDA line low) after reading a complete byte during a read operation.
The interface also supports auto-increment indexing. After the first data byte has been transferred, the index is automatically incremented by 1. The master can therefore send data bytes continuously to the slave until the slave fails to provide an acknowledge or the master terminates the write communication with a stop condition. If the auto-increment feature is used the master does not have to send address indexes to accompany the data bytes.
Figure 14. VL53L7CX data format (sequential write) page 12/40
VL53L7CX
I2C interface - timing characteristics
Figure 15. VL53L7CX data format (sequential read)
3.1
Symbol
F
I2C t
LOW t
HIGH t
SP t
BUF t
HD.STA
t
SU.STA
t
HD.DAT
t
SU.DAT
t
R t
F t
SU.STO
Ci/o
Cin
C
L
I 2 C interface - timing characteristics
Timing characteristics are shown in the tables below. Please refer to the figure below for an explanation of the parameters used.
Timings are given for all process, voltage and temperature (PVT) conditions.
Table 7. I 2 C interface - timing characteristics for Fast mode plus (1 MHz)
Parameter
Operating frequency
Clock pulse width low
Clock pulse width high
Pulse width of spikes which are suppressed by the input filter
Bus free time between transmissions
Start hold time
Start setup time
Data in hold time
Data in setup time
SCL/SDA rise time
SCL/SDA fall time
Stop setup time
Input/output capacitance (SDA)
Input capacitance (SCL)
Load capacitance
Minimum
0
0.5
0.26
—
0.5
0.26
0.26
0
50
—
—
0.26
—
—
—
Typical
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
140
Maximum
1000
—
—
50
—
—
—
0.9
—
120
120
—
10
4
550
µs
µs
µs
µs ns ns ns
µs pF pF pF
Unit kHz
µs
µs ns
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 13/40
DS13865 - Rev 3
VL53L7CX
I2C interface - timing characteristics
Symbol
F
I2C t
LOW t
HIGH t
SP t
BUF t
HD.STA
t
SU.STA
t
HD.DAT
t
SU.DAT
t
R t
F t
SU.STO
Ci/o
Cin
C
L
Table 8. I 2 C interface - timing characteristics for Fast mode (400 kHz)
Parameter
Operating frequency
Clock pulse width low
Clock pulse width high
Pulse width of spikes which are suppressed by the input filter
Bus free time between transmissions
Start hold time
Start setup time
Data in hold time
Data in setup time
SCL/SDA rise time
SCL/SDA fall time
Stop setup time
Input/output capacitance (SDA)
Input capacitance (SCL)
Load capacitance
Minimum
0
1.3
0.6
—
1.3
0.26
0.26
0
50
—
—
0.6
—
—
—
Typical
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
125
Maximum
400
—
—
50
—
—
—
0.9
—
300
300
—
10
4
400
Figure 16. I 2 C timing characteristics stop start start
SDA
...
V
IH
V
IL stop ms
µs
µs
µs ns ns ns
µs pF pF pF
Unit kHz
µs
µs ns
SCL
V
IH
V
IL t
BUF t
HD.STA
t
LOW t
R t
HD.DAT
t
F t
HIGH t
SU.DAT
...
t
HD.STA
t
SU.STA
t
SU.STO
page 14/40
4
4.1
Note:
4.2
4.3
VL53L7CX
Electrical characteristics
Electrical characteristics
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 9. Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
AVDD, IOVDD
SCL, SDA, LPn, INT and I2C_RST
Min.
-0.5
-0.5
Typ.
—
—
Max.
3.6
3.6
Unit
V
Stresses above those listed in
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended operating conditions
Table 10. Recommended operating conditions
Parameter
2.8 V configuration
3.3 V configuration
1.8 V configuration
2.8 V configuration IOVDD supply
3.3 V configuration
Ambient temperature (normal operating)
1. AVDD is independent of IOVDD
Min.
2.5
3.0
1.62
2.5
3.0
-30
Typ.
2.8
3.3
1.8
2.8
3.3
—
Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
The VL53L7CX is compliant with ESD values presented in the table below.
Parameter
Human body model
Charged device model
Table 11. ESD performances
Specification
JEDEC JS-001-2014
JEDEC JS-002-2014
Max.
3.3
3.6
1.98
3.3
3.6
85
Unit
V
°C
Conditions
± 2 kV, 1500 Ohms, 100 pF
± 500 V
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 15/40
4.4
VL53L7CX
Current consumption
•
•
Current consumption
The current consumption values are given in the table below.
Typical values quoted are for nominal voltage, process, and temperature (23°C).
Maximum values are quoted for worst case conditions (process, voltage, and temperature) unless stated otherwise (70°C).
Table 12. Current consumption
Average current consumption
Device State AVDD IOVDD Unit
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
Max.
LP idle
HP idle
45
1.3
45
300
1.6
50
0.1
2.8
50
1
35
80
1. Active ranging is when the device is actively ranging. The current consumption is not affected by 4x4 or 8x8 zone configuration
μA mA mA
IOVDD peak current is the average value +10 mA.
AVDD peak current is the average current +10 mA.
Parameter
Continuous mode (4x4 mode or 8x8 mode)
Table 13. Example of typical power consumption in continuous mode
2V8/1V8 2V8/2V8 3V3/3V3
216 266 313
Unit mW
Table 14. Example of typical power consumption in autonomous mode
Parameter
4x4 mode - 1 Hz frame rate with 20 ms integration time
4x4 mode - 5 Hz frame rate with 20 ms integration time
8x8 mode - 1 Hz frame rate with 20 ms integration time
8x8 mode - 5 Hz frame rate with 20 ms integration time
2V8/1V8
5.4
25
19
88
2V8/2V8
6.7
31
24
112
3V3/3V3
8.3
39
29
135
Unit mW
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 16/40
4.5
Note:
Note:
VL53L7CX
Digital input and output
Digital input and output
The following tables summarize the digital I/O electrical characteristics.
Symbol
V
IL
V
IH
V
OL
V
OH
Parameter
Low level input voltage
High level input voltage
Low level output voltage
(I
OUT
= 4 mA)
High level output voltage
(I
OUT
= 4 mA)
Table 15. INT, I2C_RST, LPn
IOVDD configuration
1.8 V
2.8 V - 3.3 V
1.8 V
2.8 V - 3.3 V
1.8 V
2.8 V - 3.3 V
1.8 V
2.8 V - 3.3 V
Min.
-0.3
0.65*IOVDD
—
1.22
2.1
Symbol
V
IL
V
IH
V
OL
I
IL/IH
Table 16. I 2 C interface (SDA/SCL)
Parameter
Low level input voltage
IOVDD configuration
1.8 V
2.8 V - 3.3 V
High level input voltage
1.8 V
Low level output voltage
(I out
= 4 mA)
2.8 V - 3.3 V
1.8 V
2.8 V- 3.3 V
Leakage from IOVDD supply
Leakage from IOVDD pad
Min.
-0.3
1.13
—
—
—
I 2 C pads use 1V8 switching thresholds for all IOVDD supplies.
A maximum load of 12 mA is assumed in the above table.
Max.
0.35* IOVDD
2.28
3.6
0.4
—
Max.
0.54
0.3*IOVDD
2.28
3.6
0.4
2.5
1
Unit
V
Unit
V
μA
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 17/40
5
5.1
5.1.1
VL53L7CX
Ranging performance
Ranging performance
Zone mapping
Zone mapping 4x4
The figure below shows the zone definition in 4x4 mode. There are 16 zones in total which increment along a row first before starting a new row. The physical view is from the device top into the lens. The number of each zone, as indicated in the figure below, corresponds to the ZoneIDs returned by the sensor.
Figure 17. Zone mapping in 4x4 mode
5.1.2
Zone mapping 8x8
The figure below shows the zone definition in 8x8 mode. There are 64 zones in total which increment along a row first before starting a new row. The physical view is from the device top into the lens. The number of each zone, as indicated in the figure below, correspond to the ZoneIDs returned by the sensor to the host.
Figure 18. Zone mapping in 8x8 mode
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 18/40
5.1.3
VL53L7CX
Continuous ranging mode
Effective zone orientation
The VL53L7CX module includes a lens over the RX aperture which flips (horizontally and vertically) the captured image of the target. As a consequence, the zone identified as zone 0 in the bottom left of the SPAD array is illuminated by a target located at the top right hand side of the scene.
Figure 19. Effective orientation
5.2
5.2.1
Continuous ranging mode
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Measurement conditions
The following criteria and test conditions apply to all the characterisation results detailed in this section unless specified otherwise:
The specified target fills 100% of the field of view of the device (in all zones).
Targets used are Munsell N4.75 (17%) and Munsell N9.5 (88%).
AVDD is 2.8 V, IOVDD is 1.8 V.
Nominal ambient temperature is 23°C.
Maximum range capability is based on a 90% detection rate
.
Range accuracy figures are based on 2.7 sigma ie 99.3% of measurements are within the specified accuracy.
Tests are performed in the dark and at 2 W/m 2 target illumination (940 nm). A 2 W/m 2 target irradiance at
940 nm is equivalent to 5 kLux daylight.
All tests are performed without cover glass with a crosstalk margin set to 0 kcps.
The sensor relies on default calibration data.
The device is controlled through the API using the default driver settings.
1. Detection rate is a statistical value indicating the worst case percentage of measurements that return a valid ranging. For example, taking 1000 measurements with 90% detection rate gives 900 valid distances. The 100 other distances may be outside the specification or flagged with an invalid target status.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 19/40
5.2.2
5.2.3
VL53L7CX
Continuous ranging mode
Maximum ranging distance 4x4
The table below shows the maximum ranging capability of the VL53L7CX under different conditions. Refer to
Section 5.2.1 Measurement conditions
for the general test conditions.
Table 17. Maximum ranging capabilities when ranging continuously at 30 Hz
Target reflectance level. Full
FoV (reflectance %)
Zone Dark Ambient light (5 klux)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Typical 3500 mm
Minimum 3300 mm
Typical 3500 mm
Minimum 3300 mm
Typical 2800 mm
Minimum 2600 mm
Typical 2800 mm
Minimum 2600 mm
Typical 1400 mm
Minimum 1300 mm
Typical 1400 mm
Minimum 1200 mm
Typical 650 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 550 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 450 mm
Maximum ranging distance 8x8
The table below shows the maximum ranging capability of the VL53L7CX under different conditions. Refer to
Section 5.2.1 Measurement conditions
for the general test conditions.
Table 18. Max ranging capabilities when ranging continuously at 15 Hz
Target reflectance level. Full
FoV (reflectance %)
Zone Dark (0 klux) Ambient light (5 klux)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Typical 2000 mm
Minimum 1700 mm
Typical 1900 mm
Minimum 1100 mm
Typical 1600 mm
Minimum 1500 mm
Typical 1600 mm
Minimum 1100 mm
Typical 800 mm
Minimum 700 mm
Typical 750 mm
Minimum 450mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 400 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 400 mm
Typical 400 mm
Minimum 400 mm
Typical 400 mm
Minimum 400 mm
Typical 350 mm
Minimum 250 mm
Typical 250 mm
Minimum 200 mm
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 20/40
5.2.4
Range accuracy in continuous mode
The figure below illustrates how range accuracy is defined over distance.
Figure 20. Range accuracy vs distance
VL53L7CX
Continuous ranging mode
DS13865 - Rev 3
Mode
4x4 – 30 Hz
8x8 – 15 Hz
Table 19. Range accuracy in continuous mode
Distance
20-200 mm
200-4000 mm
20-200 mm
200-4000 mm
Target reflectance
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Dark (0 klux)
±9 mm
±9 mm
±10 mm
±3%
±4%
±4%
±11 mm
±12 mm
±12 mm
±5%
±6%
±6%
Ambient light (5 klux)
±7 mm
±7 mm
±11 mm
±7%
±9%
±10%
±12 mm
±14 mm
±20 mm
±9%
±12%
±14% page 21/40
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
VL53L7CX
Autonomous ranging mode
Autonomous ranging mode
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Measurement conditions
The following criteria and test conditions apply to all the characterisation results detailed in this section unless specified otherwise:
The specified target fills 100% of the field of view of the device (in all zones).
Targets used are Munsell N4.75 (17%) and Munsell N9.5 (88%).
AVDD is 2.8 V, IOVDD is 1.8 V.
Nominal ambient temperature is 23°C.
Maximum range capability is based on a 90 % detection rate (1) .
Range accuracy figures are based on 2.7 sigma ie 99.3% of measurements are within the specified accuracy.
Tests are performed in the dark and at 2 W/m 2 target illumination (940 nm). A 2 W/m 2 target irradiance at
940 nm is equivalent to 5 kLux daylight.
All tests are performed without cover glass with crosstalk margin set to 0 kcps.
The sensor relies on default calibration data.
The device is controlled thought the API using the default driver settings.
1. Detection rate is a statistical value indicating the worst case percentage of measurements that return a valid ranging. For example, taking 1000 measurements with 90 % detection rate gives 900 valid distances. The 100 other distances may be outside the specification or flagged with an invalid target status.
Maximum ranging distance 4x4
The table below shows the maximum ranging capability of the VL53L7CX under different conditions. Refer to
Section 5.3.1 Measurement conditions
for the general test conditions.
Table 20. Maximum ranging capabilities when ranging with Autonomous mode at 1 Hz – 4x4 – integration time 20 ms
Target reflectance Zone
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Dark (0 klux)
Typical 3300 mm
Minimum 3200 mm
Typical 3400 mm
Minimum 3000 mm
Typical 2750 mm
Minimum 2700 mm
Typical 2750 mm
Minimum 2500 mm
Typical 1250 mm
Minimum 1200 mm
Typical 1250 mm
Minimum 1150 mm
Ambient light (5 klux)
Typical 650 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 600 mm
Typical 600 mm
Minimum 550 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 500 mm
The table below shows the maximum ranging capability of the VL53L7CX under different conditions. Refer to
Section 5.3.1 Measurement conditions
for the general test conditions.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 22/40
VL53L7CX
Autonomous ranging mode
Table 21. Maximum ranging capabilities when ranging with Autonomous mode at 1 Hz – 8x8 – integration time 20 ms
Target reflectance level. Full FoV (reflectance %) Zone
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Inner
Corner
Dark (0 klux)
Typical 2000 mm
Minimum 1800 mm
Typical 1900 mm
Minimum 1200 mm
Typical 1700 mm
Minimum 1500 mm
Typical 1400 mm
Minimum 1000 mm
Typical 800 mm
Minimum 800 mm
Typical 950 mm
Minimum 850 mm
Ambient light (5 klux)
Typical 550 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 550 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 500 mm
Typical 500 mm
Minimum 450 mm
Typical 400 mm
Minimum 400 mm
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 23/40
5.3.3
5.4
VL53L7CX
Range offset drift over temperature
Range accuracy - Autonomous mode
Distance (mm)
Table 22. Range accuracy – Autonomous mode
4x4 – 1Hz – 20 ms integration time
8x8 – 1Hz – 20 ms integration time
Mode
20-200 mm
200-4000 mm
20-200 mm
200-4000 mm
Reflectance
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
White target (88%)
Lite grey target (54%)
Grey target (17%)
Dark (0 klux) Ambient light (5 klux)
±10 mm
±10 mm
±11 mm
±4%
±3%
±5%
±12 mm
±12 mm
±14 mm
±6%
±6%
±7%
±9 mm
±9 mm
±13 mm
±6%
±5%
±9%
±14 mm
±18 mm
±21 mm
±7%
±8%
±14%
Range offset drift over temperature
Selfheating or a change in ambient temperature increases silicon temperature, which results in a range offset drift.
This may be minimized by performing a periodic autocalibration, resulting in a typical drift of 0.15 mm/°C.
The autocalibration is done automatically when a new ranging session is started. A stop/start of the device is required if the device is already streaming.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 24/40
6
Outline drawings
The figures below give details of the VL53L7CX module. All values are given in millimetres.
Figure 21. Outline drawing (1/4)
VL53L7CX
Outline drawings
Note:
Note:
A thermal pad is required on the application board for thermal dissipation purpose. For more information, refer to
AN5853.
For more information, refer to the pin description in
Table 3. VL53L7CX pin description
.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 25/40
Figure 22. Outline drawing (2/4) - Module with liner
VL53L7CX
Outline drawings
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 26/40
Figure 23. Outline drawing (3/4) - Optical exclusion zones
VL53L7CX
Outline drawings
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 27/40
Figure 24. Outline drawing (4/4) - Optical system FoV
VL53L7CX
Outline drawings
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 28/40
VL53L7CX
Laser safety considerations
7
Caution:
Laser safety considerations
The VL53L7CX contains a laser emitter and corresponding drive circuitry. The laser output is designed to remain within Class 1 laser safety limits under all reasonably foreseeable conditions including single faults in compliance with IEC 60825-1:2007 and IEC 60825-1:2014.
The laser output power must not be increased by any means and no optics should be used with the intention of focusing the laser beam.
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
Figure 25. Class 1 laser label
Figure 26. Laser notice 50: applies to IEC 60825-1:2007
Figure 27. Laser notice 56: applies to IEC 60825-1:2014
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 29/40
8
8.1
Packaging and labeling
Product marking
See the figure below for the product marking area. The marking is L7C-.
Figure 28. Product marking area
VL53L7CX
Packaging and labeling
Note:
A 2D product marking code is applied on the corner of the module cap as shown in the figure below.
The 2D marking code aligns with pin C7 of the module and is not an indicator of pin 1.
Figure 29. 2D product marking code
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 30/40
8.2
8.3
Note:
8.4
VL53L7CX
Inner box labeling
Inner box labeling
The labeling follows the ST standard packing acceptance specification.
The following information is on the inner box label:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Assembly site
Sales type
Quantity
Trace code
Marking
Bulk ID number
Packing
At customer/subcontractor level, it is recommended to mount the VL53L7CX in a clean environment.
To help avoid any foreign material contamination at final assembly level the modules are shipped in a tape and reel format with a protective liner.
The liner is compliant with reflow at 260 °C (as per JEDEC-STD-020E).
The liner must be removed during assembly of the customer device, just before mounting the cover glass.
Tape outline drawing
Figure 30. VL53L7CX tape outline and reel packaging drawing
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 31/40
8.5
VL53L7CX
Pb-free solder reflow process
Pb-free solder reflow process
The table and figure below show the recommended and maximum values for the solder profile.
Customers have to tune the reflow profile depending on the PCB, solder paste and material used. We expect customers to follow the “recommended” reflow profile, which is specifically tuned for the VL53L7CX package.
For any reason, if a customer must perform a reflow profile which is different from the “recommended” one
(especially peak >240 °C), the new profile must be qualified by the customer at their own risk. In any case, the profile has to be within the “maximum” profile limit described in the table below.
Table 23. Recommended solder profile
Parameters
Minimum temperature (T
S
min)
Maximum temperature (T
S
max)
Time t s
(T
S
min to T
S
max)
Temperature (T
L
)
Time (t
L
)
Ramp up
Temperature (T p-10
)
Time (t p-10
)
Ramp up
Peak temperature (T p
)
Time to peak
Ramp down (peak to T
L
)
Recommended
130
200
90-110
217
55-65
2
240
300
-4
—
—
—
Maximum
150
200
60-120
217
55-65
3
235
10
3
260
300
-6
Units
°C
°C s
°C s
°C/s
°C s
°C/s
°C s
°C/s
Figure 31. Solder profile
Note:
Note:
Note:
The component should be limited to a maximum of three passes through this solder profile.
As the VL53L7CX package is not sealed, only a dry reflow process should be used (such as convection reflow).
Vapor phase reflow is not suitable for this type of optical component.
The VL53L7CX is an optical component and as such, it should be treated carefully. This would typically include using a ‘no-wash’ assembly process.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 32/40
8.6
8.6.1
Handling and storage precautions
Recommended solder pad dimensions
Figure 32. Recommended solder pattern
VL53L7CX
Handling and storage precautions
8.6.4
8.6.5
Note:
8.7
8.6.2
8.6.3
Shock precautions
Sensor modules house numerous internal components that are susceptible to shock damage. If a unit is subject to excessive shock, is dropped on the floor, or a tray/reel of units is dropped on the floor, it must be rejected, even if no apparent damage is visible.
Part handling
Handling must be done with non-marring ESD safe carbon, plastic, or teflon tweezers. Ranging modules are susceptible to damage or contamination. The customer is advised to use a clean assembly process until a protective cover glass is mounted.
Compression force
A maximum compressive load of 25 N should be applied on the module.
Moisture sensitivity level
Moisture sensitivity is level 3 (MSL) as described in IPC/JEDEC JSTD-020-C.
If devices are stored out of the packaging for more than 168 hours, the devices should be baked before use. The optimum bake recommended is at + 90°C for a minimum of 6 hours.
Storage temperature conditions
Table 24. Recommended storage conditions
Parameter
Temperature (storage)
Min.
-40
Typ.
23
Max.
90
Unit
°C
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 33/40
9
VL53L7CX
Ordering information
Ordering information
The VL53L7CX is currently available in the formats below. More detailed information is available on request.
Order codes
VL53L7CXV0GC/1
Table 25. Order codes
Package
Optical LGA16 with liner
Packing
Tape and reel
Minimum order quantity
3600 pcs
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 34/40
10
VL53L7CX
Package information
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 35/40
11
Acronyms and abbreviations
Acronym/abbreviation
GPIO
HP
I 2 C
LAF
LGA
LP
NVM
PCB
AF
API
AR/VR
DOE
ESD
FoV
FoI
PDAF
PLL
PVT
POR
RAM
SPAD
SW
ToF
UI
UM
VCSEL
VL53L7CX
Acronyms and abbreviations
Definition autofocus application programming interface augmented reality/virtual reality diffractive optical element electrostatic discharge field of view field of illumination general purpose input output high power inter-integrated circuit (serial bus) laser autofocus land grid array low power non-volatile memory printed circuit board phase detection autofocus phase-locked loop process, voltage and temperature power on reset random-access memory single photon avalanche diode software
Time-of-Flight user interface user manual vertical cavity surface emitting laser
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 36/40
VL53L7CX
Revision history
Date
09-Dec-2021
29-Jun-2022
12-Sep-2022 3
Table 26. Document revision history
Version
1
2
Changes
Initial release
Updated Figure 14. VL53L7CX data format (sequential write)
.
Updated the cover image.
Updated Features , Application
.
Indicated the ranging in
Section 1.1 Technical specifications .
Updated Figure 1. System FoV and exclusion zone description (not to scale) .
Modified the diagonal angle for detection volume in
Added
Section 1.3 Field of illumination
.
Updated the references to the application note and user manual in the notes at the end of
.
Updated values in Table 14. Example of typical power consumption in autonomous mode
In
Section 5.2 Continuous ranging mode
entered the value for
Table 17. Maximum ranging capabilities when ranging continuously at 30 Hz
,
Table 18. Max ranging capabilities when ranging continuously at 15 Hz , and
Table 19. Range accuracy in continuous mode .
In
Section 5.3 Autonomous ranging mode entered the value for
,
, and Table 22. Range accuracy – Autonomous mode
.
Modified the drift value in Section 5.4 Range offset drift over temperature .
Updated figures in Section 6 Outline drawings
.
Updated Figure 29. 2D product marking code .
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 37/40
VL53L7CX
Contents
Contents
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 38/40
VL53L7CX
Contents
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 39/40
VL53L7CX
IMPORTANT NOTICE – READ CAREFULLY
STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, enhancements, modifications, and improvements to ST products and/or to this document at any time without notice. Purchasers should obtain the latest relevant information on ST products before placing orders. ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale in place at the time of order acknowledgment.
Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection, and use of ST products and ST assumes no liability for application assistance or the design of purchasers’ products.
No license, express or implied, to any intellectual property right is granted by ST herein.
Resale of ST products with provisions different from the information set forth herein shall void any warranty granted by ST for such product.
ST and the ST logo are trademarks of ST. For additional information about ST trademarks, refer to www.st.com/trademarks . All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
Information in this document supersedes and replaces information previously supplied in any prior versions of this document.
© 2022 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved
DS13865 - Rev 3 page 40/40
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