Hewlett-Packard 1965A Universal Counter User Manual

 USER'S MANUAL
MODEL 1965A
GATED UNIVERSAL COUNTER
SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual applies directly to instruments with serial
numbers prefixed 23104.
For additional information about serial numbers, refer to
INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL in Section |.
© COPYRIGHT HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY/ COLORADO SPRINGS DIVISIÓN 1983
1900 GARDEN OF THE GODS ROAD, COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO, U.S.A.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Operating and Service Manuai Part No. 01965-90902
Operating and Service Manual Microfiche Part No. 01965-90802 PRINTED JUNE 1983
SAFETY
This product has been designed and tested according to International Safety Requirements. To
ensure safe operation and to keep the product safe, the information, cautions, and warnings in this
manual must be heeded. Refer to Section Tand the Safety Summary for general safety considerations
applicable to this product.
CERTIFICATION
Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of
shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are
traceable to the United States National Bureau of Standards, to the extent allowed by the Bureau's
calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization
members.
WARRANTY
This Hewlett-Packard productis warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period
of one vear from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, atits
option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP.
However, warranty service for products installed by HP and certain other products designated by HP
will be performed at Buyer's facility at no charge within the HP service travel area. Outside HP
service travel areas, Warranty service will be performed at Buyer's facility only upon HP's prior
agreement and Buyer shall pay HP's round trip travel expenses.
For products returned to HP for warranty service, Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP
shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay ail shipping
charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to HP from another country.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate mainte-
nance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse,
operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or
maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER
LEGAL THEORY.
ASSISTANCE
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for
Hewlett-Packard products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office. Addresses are
provided at the back of this manual.
S C W & À 2/79
GENERAL — This 1s a Safety Class I instrument
(provided with terminal for protective earthing).
OPERATION — BEFORE APPLYING POWER verify
that the power transformer primary is matched to the
available line voltage, the correct fuse is installed, and
Safety Precautions are taken (see the following
warnings). In addition, note the instrument's external
markings which are described under “Safety Symbols.”
WARNING À
Servicing instructions are for use by service-trained
personnel. To avoid dangerous electric shock, do not
perform any servicing unless qualified to do so.
REFORE SWITCHING ON THE INSTRUMENT, the
protective earth terminal of the instrument must be
connected to the protective conductor of the (mains)
power cord. The mains plug shall only be inserted in a
socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact.
The protective action must not be negated by the use of
an extension cord (power cable) without a protective
conductor {grounding}. Grounding one conductor of a
two conductor outlet is not sufficient protection.
If this instrument is to be energized via an auto-
transformer (for voltage reduction) make sure the
common terminal is connected to the earth terminal of
the power source.
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conduc-
tor (inside or outside the instrument) or disconnecting
the protective earth terminal will cause a potential
shock hazard that could result In personal injury.
Whenever it is likely that the protection has been
impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and
be secured against any unintended operation.
Only fuses with the required rated current, voltage, and
specified type (normal blow, time delay, etc.) should be
used. Do not use repaired fuses or short circuited
fuseholders. To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard.
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of
flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical
instrument in such an environment constitutes a
definite safety hazard.
Do not install substitute parts or perform any
unauthorized modification to the instrument.
Adjustments described in the manual are performed
with power supplied to the instrument while protective
covers are removed. Energy available at many points
may, if contacted, result in personal injury.
Any adjustment, maintenance, and repair of the opened
instrument under voltage should be avoided as much as
possible, and when inevitable, should be carried out only
by a skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved.
Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged
even if the instrument has been disconnected from its
source of supply.
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Instruction manual symbol: the
product will be marked with this
symbol when it is necessary for the
user to refer to the instruction
manual in order to protect against
damage to the product,
Indicates hazardous voltages.
==
Earth terminal (sometimes used in
manual to indicate circuit common
connected to grounded chassis).
The WARNING sign denotes a
hazard. It calis attention to a
procedure, practice, or the like,
which, if not correctiy performed or
adhered to, could result in personal
injury. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING sign until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.
WARNING '
GEES
The CAUTION sign denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or the
like, which, if not correctly performed
or adhered to, could result in damage
to or destruction of part or all of the
product. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION sign until] the indicated
conditions are fully understood or
met,
SC - 7/6/82
LITHIUM BATTERY
SAFETY INFORMATION
To prevent explosion or exposure to hazardous materials, the Lithium battery
contained in this instrument must be handled in the following manner:
Do not crush, puncture, or mutilate battery.
Do not incinerate batiery.
Do nat short battery terminals.
Dispose of battery in a controlled, hazardous waste land fill as designated by your
state.
if proper disposal methods are not available or unknown, place insulating, electrical
tape over terminals and return to your nearest HP Sales and Service office.
S55-3-9/80
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction.
Description. .............. rhe ree eet er tae Crave ea cu
Safety Considerations Li iit ti treet ae 4 8 a 0 a a en 6 Cees RS
Specifications... vr ii ie eae UR Ce ree RE
Operating Characteristics. ...... Cee Cee Ce eee a eta ea Cee eee
General INFOrmation ot iti ite cities Cea Cea Cera
Remote Operating Information... iii iin. уаочанетунуаончовьне: Cee
Operator's MaintenanCe. «oo i i i i ct iti i iii Ce eee a 000 ce
General Operating Instructions ......200000 00404 eee as ea a iene RAA Cee aa
Power-On 1.114440 044 4 444 4 a 4 4 44 0 4 rere RAS RE ae
/\ Panel Features ee. Earvcorr error ocar ide ree eae eerrsrar revender: Ce eee cee
Soft Key Menus ...................... ponadcdóricoereracrerera cor iororaravarercen Cee eae
Display. .......reeenrccarerararerecanrereco»a aero rara dreorrarcorrerorororarararo Cree eee .
Operator's Calibration and Adjustment ........ eee Cea A RR
Front Panel Calibration .................... Cetera a ee aa 1 20e 0 Cee Cee ee
Operator's Checks 222200000104 44 4e ae ea eee eee eee ee ea sa eee 6 AAA vean RE
Getting Acquainted Exercises............. Cee Cea | Cee Cee rado.
Frequency Measurements ........... Cree Cees RE eee Cera care,
Gated Frequency Measurement ......... ooo. Ceres Cane ee a
Period Measurement ................ Cee Ce ee eee Cae ea ,
Armed Time interval L..1 1044014 44 4 ii i it tr a eee aa Cae e...
Rise Time ..... Cee Ch ee ae eee a ee de a ae ea RAR ‘
Fali Time .............. Paniaredresa carac LL A 4e ae aa ae a eau a eue» RE RARE
Pulse Width , .................... Ce eee уаооотивцражьеньеньнь Cee eae
Gated Time Interval 111404044404 66484464 644 44 4 EEE ea RAA
Unarmed Time interval ................. RE . aa edad Cees Ce ener
Automatic Parameter Measurements ........... Cee Va A Aa Ra 004 0 Ce eee
Events Measurement 1.044840 0 000000 0 Le pa 4 a 4 AA 44 RAA 84 da 4 a a ee 0e 0 Ce eee Cee
Things You Must Know About the 1980/1965A System ,................... Caan Cee
Things You Should Know about the 1980/1965A System ....... eee Cerra en
Detailed Operating instructions ....... nara. Cheeta Cerra 006
Using the Detailed Operating Instructions ........................ eee
Frequency A..... ee eee ae eee ea ean Cree aa cee
Period A ... oc... Ceara Crees Cea Ce trees Crees
Time terval AB iii i tt ie te ere Cee nas
Events ....... nena edodioocorarocorareorearoracarordaroreorororarvacane anidar e...
Auto-Parameters 442440440404 4000 400000 6 Cee peda. Cea rer ra aa 006 eus»
Arming Modes, ........c__esxeexerare revoca rierorevrerrovoraarerererararmeree Cees ea e.
Arm Delay ..........0s:00íroerrio.ecerererorrecrcreorava ore vaverroraoe romeo Cea eee Ce
Gate Width. .............. TE anecioreerace ene Cree
Trigger Source Selection .................. eee Creer RRREKKEN
Hysteresis Control ...........eeceeereveoreraerr ever vrecororerarecxcv re rvereco eorevora career
+44 1 2 x 50
+ к ке ож оч +
. + x + 4 +
++ +
+ 6 #1 - . à
= +..."
+ *
4 = 1. 6 1;
… =" dx = + +
* + + але
+ + & к ооо "1
+ + + + +
nm = =: + # d +
4 {+ +
= uw fF 4 # 7 1
[ + + #6 + *
LI. + +
+ + a =: OZ 4
«+ + и + + EF
+ + + я
* + +
+ § += ни вв
©) Oy Oy Oy GF NN
VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd)
View Selection ..................... Ce Ce ee eee Ce eee aaa 63
Reference Offset... ..... iin
Update Rall viii rr it tee eee ee a ana e 0 fe ee ee ee eae 66
Resolution i ii ree | вета
Reset/ | Single . ena peagan correr orerorrererecdoreoarrrarerare recdrvao edoeone ir rare rare, ....... 689
Oscillator Select... iin. ee eee
Operator's Checks ...........0..eseerema
Error Messages.........e.ee.rdrearerearaarenaan e Eaaorredrrecereereraeracariecarerma averiado 73
Advisory Messages ....... A Cee
information Output ............ ee ee ee 4 A Re A A a re ea A a a aa a ve va» RAA cea. Cee 75
Service Request ConditionsS.............. iinet arar
Learn Mode i RR RR RM
Initiaitze Counter ii ie tiie tian
Module Off. .......... i ana.
HP-IB Codes and Format Summary............eeeeresaas куононоуь
Notation Conventions and Definitions «rr ii i i ei te eee ea UE As 96
Programming Example #1 ...... oii... Ce ee ee er ae Cr eee 97
Programming Example E2 ................00re.rec ea. nori rrar e rrvrearerereryaneanrearran Cee 98
Programming Example #3 ..................
Programming Example #4 ........... LL. Cre rr ee ee ee eee nadaa. 100
Programming Example #5 iii roer av e Cea Ce eee 100
Cee Cree eee 1144001102. 102
La a aa AA ea a A aa ee a sa 0 Lea 103
Programming Example #8 1120104414 AL A0 ra re 4e 4 ee 4 4 4 A A4 4 A a 4 a ea ea 4 a a a a a a van RAS cerns 104
LL aa LS Ce eee Cee 104
Appendix A... ee renovar ea eer eee a aa a 00e 00 дне, 105
Appendix B.... RR KK RL Creer eee Cee Ceres cirri. 115
Cee eee Cera Cae aaa. 119
к я тии тя 4 тек чая к EF 4 EF aw У я тн м ява LET. тт 121
Programming Ехатр!е #6 ...................... Ce eee
Programming Example #7 ......... Cee Cee
Programming Example #9 21.000... e.reeea rs
Appendix C...... RER KR RK cee
Appendix D....... ii... PE
Figure
O AU OG Of BW) Во ees
RI RN ONY ONY MN ORY wd ed = ad wd wd eer ows A ea CE
OT Bb (2 = СЭ © 00 =) С) по В WN ee OO
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ie
O “4 & MN Bb WO =
a" wa ED
Ww NN — ©
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Titie Page
Front Panel Features .........e s..erre0sryerrrraredareorenredoroorónreacinrdvrerroaverorercerereorees 7
Calibration Setups .........c0.er0seraroreiared.arrarecooracvrerererorrerecarareror2nearesvenaac en 13
Example of Gated Frequency Measurement Setup ............e. oí ea xerirrerear vara dr ensereararnrodro 16
Example of Rise Time Measurement Setup, .........._—.s.sreredcaoreocearrare rea rorard0orooor a ae 00 17
Example of Rise Time Measurement Setup with Delayed Selected iii iii. 18
Example of Pulse Width Measurement Setup 11.000000 ie 4 4e da 4 K RR RR ea 19
Example of a Gated Time Interval Measurement of One Period .... cine KH 20
Example of a Gated Time Intervai Measurement of 1-1/2 Periods 1.222404 4 400400 4e 4 ee ea 4 aa aa 00 6 21
Example of Unarmed Time Interval Measurement of the 1st Cycle ....... oii K KEG 22
Auzomatic Parameters Measurement Menu ....... o. .erreresrrarerrrerercrererereccooreceoore recrea 23
Example of Events ALGATED] Setup ......e....e.rderareareareaaccearevrerarr rereacaracoorreororeraa 24
Frequency Measurement of a Startable Oscillator Using the ARMED Mode... oii KK 30
Frequency Measurement of Ringing Using the GATED Mode ...... iii iii iii, 31
Swept Frequency Measurement.........eeerrdreesresrrrereorercrrerrrrererarereerecnrecrrrerzarer. 32
First Event Measurement ........... enredar: rrersararererorecoccorrecarerorarora ve cra 36
Pulse Width Measurement on a Complex Wavetform ..............2060.2.s2srereracrerere recarcarieróa. 37
Measuring the Propagation Delay on a Complex Waveform.....102 0000000444 444 0 8e ee 0 ee a ea res ee 0 38
Rise Time Measurement...........o_re.e0eda.roraca.r, avecraarrarieverercacararaanvorarrarooanrerecere 39
Pulse Width Measurement. ..........e22. 0.0 arecceresedsserrerararrdrererecorovroronroreserecrecao. 40
Propagation Delay Measurement .............ooereerecoreroeoraracacoerererrocerarrorocarearieo ve 41
Gated Time Interval MeasUuement ........ooeeeeeoarererererearmoererererrerecoorqercarnrecrrerorve, 42
Measuring the Period of @ Complex WaveTOormM «oot tt ee eee reeset eee ieee eens 43
Glitoh Detection ttt i it i te ttt tet tet eet eee sete ie a re 4 4 ee ee ee aa 46
Burst Events Measurements .....2 200044404614 4 ae 4 ie cs er better ita aaa rsa 00e 47
Simplified Functional Diagram Hiustrating the 1965A’s Triggering Capability and Selection ........... 61
LIST OF TABLES
Title Page
SPEC CAT OI MIS Lo ott tit ttt it ie en ree ee eae aera ree eae aa 3
(0 /01=14-1éiste M @ar:1g:[Hc:1dF-10[6 ...... г. ку слу вуаля аьваьлвваниьн новь ванонунинуотиняннананее нвнаненан аезиая 10
Detailed Operating Instructions Index............._.__ i ir tte tte tet A ee a 0 a 0 a a 0 V0 0 27
Hardware Error Codes... 1202044444 444 44 4e 4 44e 4e 44 tte tte ett ttre er teases asa nee ees 73
Advisory Message Description ........e_eé_eeevedrrreerereorecarerernercróecrercarerecrnecdmerrreare nea 74
Data Message Output Format ...... .....er.esrrrrvescerirredrerererrerarveci on ecarooreraevceorareraa 77
Service Request Conditions ..........esvirierereerererrecire rr eacorar aver recarrecroororieriener. 79
1965AÀ Counter Key to PK Code Conversion Tabie L....L 22404204 44e 44e Aa ee a 4 4 4 ee 44e a 4 6 0 eee a 0 a re. 87
PK Code to 1965A Counter Key Conversion Table i a 0 ae iar ranean 87
Program Code Prefix Function Quick Reference iii i ieee 94
Program Codes and Formal Summary «i iti i ite eet tii trata ee 000 95
1965A Counter Key to PK Code Conversion Table .....122120 04440464 644 4 44 sea 4 8 0 8 a ea 0 0 a da aa 000 000 0 96
PK Code to 1965A Counter Key Conversion Table |... i A ee 44 KR RK KK 96
vii/{viii blank}
USER'S MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
This User's Manual will acquaint the operator with the Model 1965A features, controls, and measurement techniques. This
User's Manual contains a set of specifications and Operating and Programming information for the 1 965A. The information
contained in this manual is also available in Section | through Section II and Appendices A through D of the Operating and
Service Manual.
This manual has been divided into major sections of Operation by function. All of the major sections are separated by a tab
divider. Most of the functional sections are further divided into Detailed Operating Instructions,
The Detailed Operating Instructions contain Local and Remote Operating Instructions andthe generic program codes for that
operation, There is also a section containing programming examples for the Hewlett-Packard Model 9826 or 8836 Desktop
Computers using BASIC programming language.
NA
ola ale le abe Pe a PN Ph PN EE
A a
The 18654 must be calibrated in the 1950 where it 1s to be used
DESCRIPTION
The 1965A Gated Universal Counter is a fully HP-IB programmable, gated 100 MHz universal counter. À 1980 with a 1965A
installed combines the numerous counting modes and accuracy of a universal counter with the signal conditioning,
triggering, signa! display and gating of the oscilloscope. The 1965A can measure frequency, period, time interval, and can
count events in A[gated!, À during B, Ratio A/B, Totalize A, Totalize A+B, and Totalize A-B formats. The 19654 also contains
an auto parameters measurement routine, These Auto functions will measure and display rise time, fall time, pulse width,
duty cycle, propagation delay, and phase shift measurements,
The 1965A Gated Universal Counter is containedina 12.95 cm (5.1 in.j high by 6.35 cm (2.5 in.) wide by 25.65 cm (10.1 in,j
long package that plugs into the expansion module location of the 1980A/B. The 1965A obtains all its power from the
1980A/B's power supplies and makes use of the 1980's HP-IB and display capabilities,
Local operation of the 1965A is from the front panel. All functions of the gated universal counter canbe controlied by the front
panel keys and the 1980 controt knob. Remote operation of the 1965A is similar to remote operation of the 1980A/B;
however, the 1965А has its own set of commands.
In addition, the 1965A has these special features:
All functions are programmable via HP-IB (HP's implementation of {EEE Std 488) for automatic or semi-automatic
measurement applications.
Calibration can be performed on-site, without removing the 1965A Gated Universal Counter and requires little or no
test equipment, Compiete, step-by-step instructions are displayed on the CRT.
Performance verification through front panel selected confidence test and memory checks.
Uses all 1980A/B functions such as Autoscope and Save-Recall.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
| WARNING À
To prevent personal injury, observe all safety precautions and warnings stated on the
instrument and in the manual
The 1965A and all related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before
operation. Refer to the Safety Considerations page found at the beginning of this manual for a summary of general safety
information. Safety precautions for installation, operation and servicing are found in appropriate locations throughout the
Operating and Service Manual. These precautions must be observed during ali phases of operation, service and repair of this
instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in the Operating and Service
Manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of this instrument, Hewlett-Packard assumes no
fiability for failure to comply with these requirements.
SPECIFICATIONS
Specifications and supplemental characteristics of the 1965A Gated Universal Counter are listed in Table 1. This instrument
will meet the electrical characteristics listed following complete calibration as given in the Adjustments section of the
manual. These electrical characteristics apply over the ambient temperature range of C to 85° C. Warm-up time for given
accuracy is 30 minutes,
Table 1. Specifications
FREQUENCY À
RANGE: 100 mHz to 100 MHz
Note: Refer to Triggering for minimum puise width requirements,
LSD DISPLAYED:
10 ns р
sample time x frequency (9 digits max!
UNARMED AND ARMED MODES:
Resolution:
+ (2 X LSD)
+14 trigger errorf
sample time
X frequency
Accuracy:
+ resolution
+ time base error X frequency
GATED MODE:
Resolution:
+ period resolution”
> period
X frequency
Accuracy:
period accuracy”
period
*Refer to period igatedj specifications.
X frequency
PERIOD A
RANGE: 10 ns to 10 s
LSD DISPLAYED:
10 ns
_ TW SX ; o
sampie time period (9 digits max)
UNARMED AND ARMED MODES:
Resolution:
+ {2 X LSD)
trigger errort
sample time
Accuracy!
+ resolution
+ time base error X period
+ 1.4% x period
GATED MODE:
Resolution:
10 ns + (1.4 X trigger errort)
N / sample time/ (period X №
Accuracy:
+ resolution
4 ns
N
{Where N is the number of cycles gated per sweep}
tRefer to DEFINITIONS
+ {time base error X period} +
TIME INTERVALA — B
RANGE: + 10 ps to + 108
LSD DISPLAYED:
10 ns
Y if of averages)
Number of averages LSD
1 10 ns
100 1 ns
10,000 100 ps
1,000,000 10 ps
RESOLUTION:
+ LSD
+ start trigger errort/ y (4 of averages)
+ stop trigger errort/ «/ (# of averages}
ACCURACY:
+ resolution
+ time base error X time interval
+ trigger leve! timing errar
+ systematic errort
tRefer to DEFINITIONS
Refer to Appendix A for explanation and graphs of the Time Interval
Specifications.
RATIO A/B
RANGE: 10-9 to 109
RESOLUTION:
+ period B
L——————— x ratio
sample time
+ trigger errorf
© sample time
ACCURACY: same as resolution
X ratio
EVENTS A (Gated)
RANGE: O to 1000 megabits
EVENTS A DURING B
RANGE: O to 1000 megabits
MINIMUM TIME BETWEEN B PULSES: 75 ns
TOTALIZE A
RANGE: 0 to 1000 megabits
LSD: 1 count of input
RESOLUTION: + LSD
ACCURACY: same as resolution
TOTALIZE A + B
RANGE: 0 to 2000 megabits
LSD: 1 count of input
RESOLUTION: + LSD
ACCURACY: same as resolution
Table 1. Specifications {Cont'd}
TOTALIZE À - 8
RANGE: -1000 megabits to 1000 megabits
DISPLAY: continuous update for input repetition rates
up to 5 MHz, Beyond b MHz, display is updated when
measurement is completed.
LSD: 1 count of input
RESOLUTION: + LSD
ACCURACY: same as resolution.
AUTO-PARAMETERS
REPETITION RATE: 15 Hz10 20 MHz, such that period -
time parameter” > 35 ns.
“Time parameter for duty cycle is pulse width, and time parameter for
phase shift is propagation delay.
MAXIMUM INPUT UNDERSHOOT + OVERSHOOT:
10%.
MINIMUM P-P AMPLITUDE: 3 divisions and 35 mV.
RESOLUTION:
+ LSD
+ start trigger errort/ +/ (# of averages)
+ stop trigger errort/ y [H of averages!
TIME PARAMETER* ACCURACY:
+ resolution
+ (time base error X time interval)
+ auto trigger error systematic error
Note: systematic error for rise time, fall time, pulse width, and duty cycle =
Ins. Systematic error for propagation delay and phase shift = 2 ns.
AUTO TRIGGER ERROR;
1% of input p-p voltage
— siew rate at START trigger point
1% of input p-p voltage
siew rate at STOP trigger point
+
ARM DELAY
RANGE: 100 ns to 10s
RESOLUTION: 100 ps (displayed: 5 digits, HP-IB:
11 digits max)
ACCURACY: + 10 ns 10.1% of reading, within one
hour of delay self-calibration and in constant ambient
temperature.
GATE WIDTH
RANGE: 200 ns to 10 s
RESOLUTION: 1 part in 108
ACCURACY:
+ 3% for gate width of 200 ns to 100 ms;
+ 4% for gate width of TOO ms to 10 s
TIME BASE
FREQUENCY: 10 MHz
AGING RATE: <1 part in 107 per month
SHORT TERM:
<1 part in 10° rms for 1 s average
<2 parts in 106, 099 C to B59 C
EXTERNAL TiME BASE INPUT: front panel BNC
accepts 10 MHz 1 Vrms to TO Vrms into 5008, Time
base selected to EXTERNAL via soft key selection.
TIME BASE OUT: 10 MHz, 25 ;mY p-pinto 500 via front
panel BNC with time base selected to INTERNAL via
soft key selection,
Note: external time base input and internal time base output utilize the
same front panel BNC.
TRIGGERING
RANGE: -20 divisions X input sensitivity to +20
divisions X input sensitivity,
Example: if input sensitivity is 10 V/div, then maximum
range is ~200 V 10 +200 V.
MINIMUM + PULSE WIDTHS:
main = 5.0 ns (100 MHz max;
delayed = 6.25 ns (80 MHz max)
Refer to Appendix D for graph iffustrating typical triggering range.
RESOLUTION: 0.02 divisions X input sensitivity.
Example: if input sensitivity is 2 mV /div, then maximum
resolution is 40 uV.
TRIGGER LEVEL ACCURACY: + 3%
+ (0,4 div X input sensitivity!
Note. for further 1980 input characteristics and triggering specifications,
refer to the 1880A/8 specifications.
CLOCK
A 4-year time/calendar clock, with battery back-up,
displays hr/min/day/month/yr.
The timer mode generates SRQs and front panel outputs
at programmed times.
TIMER QUT: front panel BNC, TTL signal set by clock in
timer mode.
DEFINITIONS -
RESOLUTION: smallest discernibie change of measure-
ment result that is due to a minimum change in the
input signal.
ACCURACY: deviation from the actual value as fixed by
universally-accepted standards of frequency andtime.
TRIGGER ERROR (RMS}:
vV (0.02 div X sensitivity}2 + en?
input slew rate at trigger point
Where en is in the rms noise voltage of the input for a 100 MH:
bandwidth.
Refer to Appendix B for measurement of system noise.
Table T. Specifications {Cont'd}
TRIGGER LEVEL TIMING ERROR: applies to time Overflow: Overflow is displayed en the CRT in
intervai measurements inverse video.
(hysteresis/2) X input sensitivity Resolution: User may set to 1, 100, 10,000: 1,000,000
| input siew rate at START trigger point! averages or 1 usec, 100 usec, 10 msec, 1 sec sampie
time. Auto resolution selects the optimum number of
{hysteresis/2) X input sensitivity | ,
averages/sample time for any particular on screen
| input slew rate at STOP trigger point
Note: hysteresis of tha 1980 trigger circuits is accessible via HP-1B, setup.
Modes: Three user modes. Unarmed, armed, and gated,
Typical Hysteresis: 0.15 divisions allows the user to window specific measurements.
Counting Lamp: indicates when counter is in operation.
SYSTEMATIC ERROR: timing error due to propagation Signal Sources: Main and delayed trigger may be
delays between STARTIA} and STOP(Blirigger paths. independently selected for 1965A source À and B.
Common Source {Main-to-Main, or Delayed-to- 1880 specifications apply to channel! inputs and trig-
Delayed}: 500 ps ger setiing.
Dual Source with equal vertical sensitivities: 1 ns Count View: Displayed as a vertical channel on the CRT
Dual Source with unequal vertical sensitivities: 2 ns to show operator the measurement interval.
Arm View: Displayed as a vertical channelonthe CRT to
GENERAL show operator where the arming gate is located on
; o waveform.
Display: The counter and resolution is displayed onthe HP-IB: AIl functions can be accessed via 1980 HP-IB
1980 CRT on a single fine, The counter uses a three system
letter mnemonic to indicate the function selected. The
measurement uses a max. of 9 digits on the CRT, the
annunciator displays sec to attosec !s to as}, milithertz
to megahertz ImHz to MHz). Leading zeroes are sup-
ressed. The clock is displayed on line 3 of the 1980
CRT and is located in the rightmost 13 digits. The — Operating Environment: Same as 1980.
reference offset is also displayed on line 3 in the
leftmost portion of the CRT.
Reset: Stops measurement, zeroes dispiay and starts
new measurement sequence. if inthe ‘single mode,
then only one measurement will take place between
“resets”.
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
Table 2 summarizes the major operating characteristics of the 1985A Gated Universal Counter. For a complete set of
specifications, refer to Table 1, Specifications.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Panel Features briefly describes all controls, connectors and indicators. Front panel features are discussed on page 6.
Detailed Operating instructions provide a complete operating reference for the measurement system user. They include
information about the various measurements that can be made, as well as complete descriptions of all controis and menu
functions. The instructions are arranged functionally with index tabs dividing major categories.
Each instruction contains a general description that covers signal levels, ranges, measurement limits, and other general
information. Following the description, local and remote operating procedures are explained and an example is given to
ilfustrate the procedures. At the end of each instruction, any special considerations are listed that might aid the user.
Remote Operating Information
Knowledge of local operation is essential for the remote operator to use the fuil capabilities of the 19654 Gated Universal
Counter. Pages containing expianations of HP-IB related operations are noted with the dren symbol. Instructions for
HP-15 operation are in the following paragraphs.
Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus in the 1980A/B Oscilloscope Measurement System Operating and
Programming Manual, presents a complete description of the instrument's bus implementation. it covers bus compatibility,
HP-IB message response, general Data message (input and output) format rules, and many other basic bus considerations.
Detailed Operating instructions in this manual explain how to program instrument setups and make bus controlled
measurements. Specific format rules and any special programming considerations are described. Each instruction includes
programming examples.
HP-IB Codes and Format Summary condenses the programming information for the instrument. itis a quick reference for the
experienced remote operator. The summary lists all program codes alphabetically and includes a complete description of
parameter range and format. Refer to the 1980A/ B Oscilloscope Measurement System Operating and Programming Manual
for condensed programming information of the 1980478.
Notation Conventions and Definitions explains the syntax conventions used in this manual,
Programming Examples give several examples of typical measurements programs utilizing the 9826/9836 computer in
Basic.
OPERATOR'S MAINTENANCE
The only instrument maintenance an operator needs to perform is to occasionally clean the instrument front panel using a
soft cloth and either a commercial glass cleaner, or mild soap and water solution.
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CAUTION 3
Apt JP pin ate ie al pe ¿Ps rl ah ay ai я,
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Do not use chemical cleaning agents or abrasive cleaners that might damage the plastics
in this instrument. Recommended cleaning agents are isopropyl alcohol or à solution of
1% mild detergent and 99% water.
GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
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Excessive input voltage will damage the input circuit. Observe the maximum input rating
described in Table 1, Specifications.
Switch off instrument power before installing or removing the 1965A Gated Universal Counter, otherwise damage to the
1980A/B or 1965A Gated Universal Counter may result.
Power-on
Power-on Configuration. The 1980A/8B Measurement System and 1965A Gated Universal Counter powers on with the
same settings it had before it was switched off {that is, if ine power was removed). The primary default conditions after an
Autoscope are: Frequency - unarmed - Main Trig - Auto Resolution. If the counter is “on” when the autoscope is performed,
then the default mode is as stated; however, ¡f the counter is “off” when the autoscope ts performed, then the counter wiii
remain off. After a Preset, the 1965A Gated Universal Counter is turned off.
Power-on Error. if at turn on Err 41 is flashing in the LED display, some calibration factor(s) 1s not correct. To set the
Calibration Factors enter and complete the 198CA/B and 1965A Front Pane! Calibration routine. Do not attempt to do a
Confidence test as it may or may not fail depending on which Calibration Factor is out of calibration and how much itis out of
calibration.
PANEL FEATURES
The 1965A's front pane! is togically arranged using the 1 980A/B's computer architecture. The top row of keys control the
basic measurement functions. The dark keys {arm delay and gate width) assign variable functions to the 1980A/B's control
MEASUREMENTS
FUNCTION
ARMING /GATING
CONTROLS
TRIGGERING
CONTROLS
ADDITIONAL
COUNTER
CONTROLS
Variable
Gate Controls
— Arming Modes
DISPLAY
CLOCK
TIMER
CONTROLS
10 MHZ CLOCK TIMER TTL
INPUT AND OGUTPUF PULSE QUTPUT
10 V rms Input Signal Maximum
These are not. signal inputs.
Figure 1. Front Panel Features
knob. Remaining keys are used to set up the measurement conditions and other modes of the T965A. At the bottom are two
BNC connectors.
a ae al ain a ae a Ne i a CE Tn a A
AN f CAUTION $
CA AE
ER
TOV rms maximum input.
The BNC connectors on the 1965A are not signal inputs.
FREO PERIOD Period and frequency measurements up to 100 MHz can be made with up to eight digits of resolution.
CUA AT
Depending on how the waveform is gated, frequency measurements can be made on the ringing of a
waveform and on bursts,
LF ANTNL: The time interval function measures the time between user-defined start and stop points. Typicai time
interval measurements include the time between edges of a compiex pulse train and the propagation
defay between a clock and data stream.
The gate used by the 1965A is the delayed sweep gate {i.e., the intensified marker). Arm delay positions
the start of the intensified marker, and gate width controls the duration of it. These controis are identical
to the delay time and delayed sweep speed controls of the 1980A/B, except that gate width is
approximately 11 divisions of delayed sweep and the readout of both controls is calibrated to the
1980/1965A system.
llcaamep”OS Cameo”: The T965A's three arming modes — unarmed, armed, and gated — are generated using the main and
eR mE delayed sweeps of the 1980A/B. If neither armed nor gated is selected, the 1965A 15 in the unarmed
mode. Armed mode is used when the measurement is enabled at the beginning of the 1880A/B’s
delayed sweep. Gated mode is used when the measurement must be made over a specific window.
Measurements such as the frequency of a burst, the time interval between edges of a pulse train, or the
propagation delay between waveforms on channels one and two can be made using these modes.
Exampies of measurements that can be made in these modes are covered in the detailed operating
Instructions In this manual,
: Mati: | DIO Mas | oro The 1905A's counting sources A and B can be assigned to the main or delayed trigger signals, The main
trigger signal can be defined as channel! 1, channel 2, external, or line. The delayed trigger signalcanbe
defined as channel 1, channel 2, or external.
soy The measurement resolution of the 1965A is selectable based on the digits of resolution needed or
measurement time allowed, In auto-resolution, the 1965A automatically selects the resolution so that
the measurement result is updated every 2.5 seconds or less,
hoes When the T965A is in single mode, a measurement is made each time the RESET key is pressed.
GOUT, The 1980A/B generates a count view waveform that indicates the interval being measured. ARMviewis
РОДАМ:
a waveform showing the position and duration of the delayed sweep.
| OMT : mikes The 1965A contains a real-time, battery-backed clock that can be displayed on the 1980A/B's CRT and
used to document results. The 1965A also contains an alarm timer allowing up to 50 times to be set.
When the time displayed by the real-time clock equals an alarm time, the BNC TIMER TTL OUT is puised.
Additionally, an SRQ can be generated over HP-1B, and a key sequence can be executed using the HP
19811A Plot/ Sequence ROM.
The two auxiliary BNCs are not signal inputs to the counter. The 1965A uses the 1980A/B's
main and delayed irigger signals as its counting sources, The BNC on the left isa TO MHz
oscillator input and output. if an external oscillator is being used, EXT OSC is illuminated. The
other BNC is a TTL pulse output used by the timer.
SOFT KEY MENUS
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The events functions count the number of occurrences of a NN
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signalís). When the EVENTS key is pressed, a menu is displayed se
on the 1980A/B's CRT. A specific events function can then be о |
selected through the 1980A/B’s soft keys. The eventsfunctions — “ES |. | =. …|
Tetris
bit)
Een
Saray
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Fas
AE
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fa
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are useful in many digitaí applications that require counting
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pulses in defined time frames or that require detecting glitches
ch
or intermittent pulse occurrences.
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The reference function can null out propagation delays caused
5 Te TE
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by different cable or probe lengths. Also, a known value can be
;
set as à reference for frequency, period, time interval, and
events functions. This allows variances and drift to be measured
easily,
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The auto-parameter function makes basic time interval o.
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5
7
fra
measurements automatically. To use this function, one or two a So
di
Foi
2
3
TA
waveforms must be displayed with a stable trigger. For many
mea
hs =
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©
A
waveforms, the 1980A/B’s Auto-Scope can be used as a single e . Le о i у
keystroke setup. After the waveform is set up, the auto- @
parameter functions can be accessed by pressing the AUTO key.
À menu on the 1980A/B's CRT lists the automatic
measurements that can be performed on repetitive signals.
fers Ab ee
ey
Me
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<
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Many applications require basic pulse parameters to be ce о
IEE
measured, and the 1965A makes these measurements with
. ‘ pr per cr Hird 2
x she ie y
minimai effort. o .
RR ee
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The 1980/1965A makes these measurements by finding the
absolute minimum and maximum waveform levels and setting the trigger levels needed for the desired measurement {e.g.,
10% and 90% for a rise time). It then uses the time interval function to make the measurement. Rise and fall time measure-
ments cannot be made on waveforms with overshoot + undershoot greater than 10% of the peak-to-peak voltage.
Several of the 1965A's features are accessed
through the 1 980A/B'5 option menu. These features
perform several seif tests; they assist in adjusting the
internal crystal oscillator used for the real-time clock; - Sm
TE
and allow selection of either the internal or an
externa! osciilator for measurements, The user can
also select the level of hysteresis used. HIGH
hysteresis should be used when operating in a noisy
environment.
Table 2. Operating Characteristics
Function Mode Description Application
FREQ A/ UNARMED Makes measurement asynchronously to the Characterizing simple periodic
PERIOD A T9B0A/B's sweeps. waveforms.
ARMED Enables measurement at beginning of delayed Frequency of startable oscillator.
sweep,
GATED Enables measurement at beginning of delayed Ringing frequency.
sweep. Begins counting at the first trigger
occurrence of the A SOURCE, after the begin- Frequency at a point in a swept
ning of delayed sweep, and stops counting after response.
the first trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE Burst Measurement.
after the end of delayed sweep. Signal coupling.
TIME UNARMED Measures the time from the beginning of main Time relative to the first main
INTERVAL sweep to the beginning of delayed sweep. With trigger point on screen.
the delayed sweep mode in TRIG'D or DGTL
DLY, time measured will be referenced to Time interval measurements
trigger points of main and delayed triggers. on complex waveform.
ARMED Measures the time interval from the first Rise time of a waveform.
trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE to the first Pulse width of a waveform.
trigger occurrence of the B SOURCE after the Two channei propagation
heginning of delayed sweep. Measurement delay.
result may be negative.
GATED Measures the time interval from the first trigger
occurrence of the À SOURCE after the begin-
ning of delayed sweep to the first trigger occur-
rence of the B SOURCE after the end of delayed
sweep. Measurement result may be negative.
EVENTS: A GATED Counts the number of times that the waveform Glitch detection.
is above the trigger level (+ siope; or below
the trigger leve! (- slope) during the delayed Digital Waveform analysis.
sweep gate.
EVENTS: A UNARMED Counts the number of times that the waveform Digitai Waveform analysis.
DURING B is above the trigger level (+ siope) or below the
trigger {evel {~ slope) while B is true {i.e., above
trigger level for + slope, below trigger level for
- slope).
10
Table 2. Operating Characteristics {Cont'd}
Function Mode Description Application
EVENTS: A GATED Same as unarmed except measurement Digital waveform analysis.
DURING B is performed only during the delayed sweep
window.
EVENTS: UNARMED Counts the events asynchronously to the Measuring the harmonic relation-
ВАТЮ А/В 1980A/B’s sweeps. ship between frequencies.
ARMED Counts events after the beginning of delayed
sweep,
GATED Counts events during the delayed sweep gate.
EVENTS: UNARMED Counts the number of events of the A SOURCE
TOTALIZE A under the control of the START/STOP soft key.
EVENTS: UNARMED Counts the number of events asynchronousiy
TOTALIZE to the 19804/B's sweeps under the control
A+B, of the START/STOP soft key.
TOTALIZE
A-B ARMED Measurement enabled by START/STOP key.
Begins counting events after the beginning of
the delayed sweep and continues asynchro-
nously to the sweeps until the START/STOP
key is pressed again.
GATED Counts events during the delayed sweep gate
under the control of the START/STOP soft key.
Display
Active functions and operating modes on the 1965A are indicated by the lighted keys on the front panel andthe CRT readout.
The answer is displayed in engineering notation on line #2 of the CRT. Any insignificant digits in the answer or reference
offset will be indicated by the lower case letter "=v". Suffixes range from atto (a), 10-18to Giga (G), 10°. The answer is preceded
by a mnemonic indicating the counting function selected.
FREQUENCY A ...... FREE
PERIOD A. .......... = FFE
TIME INTERVAL A—B
H
1
T
EVENTS A(GATED]... = FI]
EVENTS A during B.. = HAB
RATIOA/B.......... = AH
TOTALIZEA ......... = A
TOTALIZE A+B ...... = A+B
TOTALIZE A-B....... = H-R
RISE TIME .......... = Tr
FALL TIME .......... = TF
PULSEWIDTH ....... = FY
DUTY CYCLE ........ = Le
PROP DELAY ........ = FD
PHASE SHIFT ....... = Af
11
When operating the 1965A from the front panel, the answer will be updated at a maximum rate of 1/2 second which is
indicated by the flashing “COUNTING” light on the front panel. When operating remotely, the answer may be updated upon
command or by increasing the update rate with the “PU” command.
The selected resolution is also displayed on line #2 of the CRT indicating either a sample time {Smp! Tm) or number of
averages {#avg} setting.
If the reference offset is active, it will be displayed on line #3 directly below the answer. Alsc on line #3 is the time of day and
date information if the T/DATE key is lighted. The time of day is displayed in a 24 hour format.
ARM DELAY (ArmDly} and GATE WIDTH (GateWd) are displayed on the bottom two lines of the CRT, Both ARM DELAY and
GATE WIDTH displays are multiplexed with the 1980's DELAY TIME {Diy Tm} and DELAYED SWEEP Setting (Diva). ARM
DELAY and GATE WIDTH variable settings will only be displayed when either the ARM DELAY or GATE WIDTH variable
function key is selected.
The 1965A generates two gate type waveforms which can be displayed on screen if either is selected. COUNT VIEW indicates
the counting interval of the measurement. ARM VIEW shows the position and width of DELAYED GATE, which is coincident to
the delayed sweep {intensified portion). The VIEW may be positioned vertically by a screw adjust on the lower portion of the
panel between the two BNCs.
OPERATOR'S CALIBRATION AND ADJUSTMENT
Front Panel Calibration
Description The Front Panel Calibration routine allows the operator to set the calibration factors for Arm Delay, Gate Width,
and Internal Delays. With these calibration factors properly adjusted, the errors in the 1880 and 1965A are
held to a minimum. The 1980 must be properly calibrated before calibrating the 1365A. It is recommended to
always perform a 1980 BALANCE & DELAY SELF CAL prior to calibrating the 1965A. |
Gate Width — The Gate Width calibration routine determines calibration factors so that the width of the
Delayed Gate received by the 1965A is accurately calculated and may be accurately set up by the user,
Arm Delay — The Arm Delay calibration routine determines calibration factors so that the delay time of the
1980 delay generator is accurately calibrated when referenced to the 1965A.
Internal Propagation Delays — The Internal Propagation Delay calibration routine determines various internal
propagation delays for various scope/counter setups. The propagation delays are nulled out every Time
Interval measurement so that the true time interval may be obtained.
Procedure To execute the Front Panel Calibration, press the following key sequence:
OPTION
- MENE
12
The Front Panel Calibration can be initiated via HP-IB by sending the Data message:
5K0,2,7<CR><LF>
Mote
Follow the instructions displayed on the CRT.
Indication An automatic routine is entered and FIMIING HYSTERESIS is flashed on the screen until this routine is
completed. Upon completion of the first routine, the Gate Width calibration is entered. The operator must make
two pulse width adjustments as requested on the CRT. The internal Delays routine requires a 10 MHz signal be
connected to channels 1 and 2 ofthe 1980A/B. This signal should be connected with a BNC tee and two equal
length cables to minimize the difference in cable delays.
Note
The signal from the OSCL BNC may be used to calibrate the T 965A; however, an external fast
rise time signal is recommended.
a. Gate Width Step | b. Gate Width Step 2
c. Internal Delays
Figure 2. Calibration Setups
Response If an error condition is encountered or a calibration factor is not accepted, the instrument should be checked by
qualified service personnel,
13
Operator's Checks
Operator's checks allow the operator to make a quick evaluation of instrument operation. The following checks are provided:
Confidence Test is a menu function that assures most of the instrument is operating properly.
RAM TEST is a menu function that verifies operation of RAM memory. No additional equipment is required.
ROM CHECKSUM is a menu function that verifies the content and operation of ROM memory. No additional equipment is
required.
НР-1В 1/0 Check in the 1980A/B Oscilloscope Measurement System Operating and Programming Manual, confirms that the
Measurement System responds properly to ali HP-IB messages. This check assumes that local operation has been verified
with the Confidence Test and Memory Check procedures. An HP-I1B controller, interface and connecting cable are required.
14
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
This exercise will aid the first time user in becoming familiar with the 1965A and its
operation.
10.
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
Make certain that your 1965A module has been calibrated in the 1980 in which it is to be used. If not, do a Front Panel
Calibration prior to proceeding with this exercise.
Power up the 1980 and connect the calibrator signal from the 1980 rear panei to the channel 1 input.
FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS
Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 control panel.
Select the following modes on the 1965A front panel:
FUNCTION: FREQ A
ARMING MODE: UNARMED {neither ARMED nor GATED selected)
A SOURCE: MAIN TRIG
RESOLUTION: | AUTO
The counter should now be measuring the frequency of the calibrator signal which is 1.860... kHz. The answer is
displayed on line two of the CRT. Sample time is also displayed on line two and should indicate one second. Sample time
determines the degree of resolution of the resultant measurement.
Press the RESOLN key on the 1965A front panel one time. The sample time will change to 1 us and the number of digits
in the answer displayed will be three. Toggle through the various resolution settings (four discrete selections) by
pressing the RESOLN key and observe the number of digits displayed in the answer.
Select AUTO Resolution once again by pressing the blue shift key on the 1980 Voltage Panel and then press RESOLNon
the 1965A front panel. In AUTO-RESOLUTION the 1965A automatically selects the optimum resolution so thatthe user
or controller does not wait more than 2.5 seconds for an update of answers. The usefuiness of this feature wilfbecome
more obvious in gated measurements.
Gated Frequency Measurement
Press the INTEN by delayed key on the 1980 main time panel. The intensified portion (delayed sweep indication) should
appear. All ARMED and GATED measurements require that the delayed sweep in the 1980 be on. In addition, in order
for the 196bA to measure DLYD TRIG, delayed sweep mustbe turned on. It is good practice to always turn on the delayed
sweep {(INTEN by dlyd} whenever operating the 1965A.
Adjust main sweep SEC/DIV to 500 us division.
Press the ARM DELAY key on the 1965A front panel and adjust the Control Knob until ARM DELAY is approximately
equal to 800 us. The ARM DELAY setting is indicated on the CRT {lower right} and is also indicated in the LEDs. Arm
delay controls the delay time of the 1980 delayed sweep referenced to the first trigger event on screen.
Press the GATE WIDTH key on the 1965A front panel and adjust the Control Knob for approximately 2 ms. Gate width
controis the duration of the delayed sweep.
15
11.
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
Set the arming mode to GÂTED on the 1965A front panel.
12. Turn on the View select to COUNT VIEW.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Figure 3, Example of Gated Frequency Measurement Setup
The 1965A is now measuring the frequency in the gated mode. Measurement data is collected by the counter from the
first rising edge after the beginning of the intensified portion to the first rising edge after the end of the intensified
portion. This is indicated by the count view display which should be “popping” up and down over the measurement
interval.
The 1965A has automatically selected 10 ms as the sample time. For a better display of COUNT VIEW, press the
RESOLN key once. The sample time will now be one second and the measurement update will be approximately every
five seconds. Select AUTO-RESOLUTION once again.
Adjust ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH to various settings and observe the position and duration of the intensified
portion versus the measurement interval {indicated by COUNT VIEW|,
Applications for gated frequency measurements include: ringing frequency, burst measurements and swept response
measurements,
PERIOD MEASUREMENT
Select PERIOD A onthe 1965A front panel. The 19654 actually performs period measurements for both PERIOD À and
FREQ A. A reciprocal operation is performed in order to display the answer in the frequency format.
ARMED TIME INTERVAL
Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 Control Panel to return the 1980 and 1965A to an initial setup state.
Turn on the delayed sweep by pressing the INTEN by dlyd key on the 1980 main time panel.
Adjust main sweep's SEC/DIV to 200 us/div.
16
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
19. Press VOLTS/DIV {channel 1; key and adjust for 200 mV /division.
20. Select the following modes on the 1965A front panel.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
FUNCTION: TINTVLA-B
ARMING MODE: ARMED
A SOURCE: MAIN TRIG
B SOURCE: DLYD TRIG
RESOLUTION: § AUTO
VIEW: COUNT
Rise Time
Press ARM DELAY on the 1965A front panel and adjust for approximately 500 us.
Press GATE WIDTH and adjust for approximately 100 us.
Select | TRIG VU on the Main time panel.
Press the TRIG LVL key on the main time panel and adjust main trigger level for ~2.00 divisions {readout in LEDs},
Observe the position of the waveform on trigger view. Center screen defines the triggering point. With a trigger level of
—2.00 divisions, main trigger will be triggering at approximately 10% on the rising edge (7).
Select | TRIG VU on the delayed time panel.
Press the TRIG LVL key on the delayed time panel and adjust delayed trigger level for +2.00 divisions. Observe the
position of the waveform on trigger view. Triggering should now be at approximately 90% on the rising edge {_/ |.
Turn off delayed | TRIG VU and observe COUNT VIEW,
Figure 4. Example of Rise Time Measurement Setup
17
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
28.
29.
30.
31,
32.
The 1965 is now measuring the rise time of the 1980's calibrator signal. COUNT view shouid show a narrow “blip”
indicating that the measurement is being taken on the 2nd rising edge of the input. The 1980's calibrator signal rise
time may vary from instrument to instrument.
COUNT view should be difficult to see since the rise time relative to the period of the waveform is extremely fast, For a
better display of the rising edge and COUNT view, press DLY'D on the delayed time panel.
Figure 5. Example of Rise Time Measurement Setup with Delayed Selected
With AUTO-RESOLUTION selected, the display on line two of the CRT should indicate "HAVG=100"". As in sample time,
there are four discrete selections in number of averages. Toggie through the four selections and observe. In this
particular measurement, 10,000 averages will take approximately 60 seconds for an answer, and 1,000,000 averages
will result in a measurement "OVERFLOW" after approximately 75 seconds. The user may not wish to wait for these
conditions to occur. More averaging may be used on signals with faster repetition rates, Re-select AUTO-
RESOLUTION.
Press the INTEN by dlyd key on the main panel.
Press ARM DELAY and adjust for 1.02 ms. The 1965A will now be measuring the rise time of the 3rd rising edge
displayed on screen, The ARM DELAY adjustment is not a very critical adiustment. In order to measure therise timeon
the 3rd rising edge ARM DELAY could have been set anywhere from approximately 550 us to 1.07 ms. The beginning of
the delayed sweep must occur after the 2nd rising edge and before the 3rd rising edge.
Press GATE WIDTH and adjust for any value. Notice that the duration of the delayed sweep does not affect the
measurement. In TIME INTERVAL ARMED, the 1965A will measure from the first trigger occurrence of A SOURCE
MAIN TRIG @ 10% in this case) after the beginning of the delayed sweep to the first trigger occurrence of B SOURCE
(DLY'D TRIG @ 90%) after the beginning of the delayed sweep. The beginning of the delayed sweep arms both the Aand
B trigger sources at the same time, therefore the measured time may be negative if the B trigger occurrence arrives
before the A trigger occurrence.
Change A SOURCE on the 1965A front pane! to DLYD TRIG and B SOURCE to MAIN TRIG. The 1865A should now be
measuring the time from the 90% point to the 10% point on the rising edge, which is negative in time.
18
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
Fall Time
33, Change the slope selection on both the main time panel and delayed time panel to falling (YX). The 1965A will now
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
measure the fall time of the calibrator signal.
Note
When changing trigger conditions such as slope settings on the delayed time panel, an
advisory message "DLY'D SWEEP IN AUTO" is displayed. This advisory is for the 1980 user
and should be ignored when using Не 19654.
Pulse Width
Press TRIG LVL on the main time pane! and adjust to 0.00 divisions {LEDs}. Main trigger will now be triggering at
approximately 50% of the waveform.
Press TRIG LVL on the delayed time panel and adjust to 0.00 divisions. Delayed trigger will now be triggering at
approximately 50% of the waveform.
Change the slope selection on main time pane! to rising 1.” |. Siope selection for delayed trigger should remain
failing { \_}.
Change the A SOURCE to MAIN TRIG and B SOURCE to DLY'D TRIG.
Figure 6. Example of Pulse Width Measurement Setup
The 1965A should now be measuring the pulse width of the 3rd positive going pulse displayed on screen.
Press ARM DELAY and adjust for any value. Observe COUNT VIEW and the answer. If the beginning of the delayed
sweep precedes a rising edge, then the time interval measured is a positive pulse width. If the beginning of the defayed
sweep precedes a falling edge, then the time interval measured is the negative time of a negative pulse. In order to
measure the negative pulse width with the correct sign, reverse the A and B SOURCE to A SOURCE = DLYD TRIGandB
SOURCE = MAIN TRIG and set the ARM DELAY so that the delayed sweep precedes a falling edge.
There are many other applications for ARMED TIME INTERVAL measurements, including two channel measurements
such as propagation delays, in which case main and delayed triggers would be assigned to different channels of the
input (e. MT=CHT, DT*CH2).
19
39.
40.
41%,
42.
43.
44.
45.
46,
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
GATED TIME INTERVAL
Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 control panel.
Turn on the delayed sweep by pressing the iNTEN by dlyd key on the 1880 main time panel,
Adjust main SEC/DIV to 200 us/div.
Select the foliowing modes on the 1965A front panel:
FUNCTION: TINTVLA-B
ARMING MODE: GATED
A SOURCE: MAIN TRIG
B SOURCE: MAIN TRIG
RESOLUTION: | AUTO
VIEW: COUNT
Press ARM DELAY and adiust for approximately 400 us.
Press GATE WIDTH and adjust for approximately 400 us.
Figure 7. Example of Gated Time Interval Measurement of One Period
The 1965A should now be performing a gated time interval measurement, COUNT view should indicate that the interval
measured is the period of the 2nd cycle on screen. In the gated mode, time is measured from the first trigger occurrence
of the A SOURCE after the beginning of the delayed sweep to the first trigger occurrence of the B SOURCE after the end
of the delayed sweep. The beginning of the delayed sweep arms the A trigger source, while the end of the delayed sweep
arms the B trigger source,
Adjust GATE WIDTH to approximately 800 us. The 1965A should now be measuring the time interval of two cycles of
the input.
Change the B SOURCE to DLYD TRIG.
20
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
47. Change the slope selection on the delayed time panel to falling {("\_}
Figure 8. Example of Gated Time Interval Measurement of 1-1/2 Periods
The 1965A should now be measuring 1-1/2 periods of the input. The time measured is from the 2nd rising edge on
screen {1st A trigger after beginning of delayed sweep) to the 3rd falling edge on screen {1st B trigger after end of
delayed sweep).
48. Adjust ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH to various settings and observe the various time intervals measured.
With the ARMED and GATED measurement techniques of the 1965A, numerous measurements can be performed
upon simple waveforms.
UNARMED TIME INTERVAL
49. Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 Control Panel.
50. Turn on the delayed sweep by pressing the INTEN by diyd key on the 1980 Main Time Panel.
51. Adjust main SEC/DIV to 200 us/div.
52. Select the following modes on the 1965A front panel:
FUNCTION: TINTVL A-B
ARMING MODE: UNARMED (neither ARMED nor GATED)
RESOLUTION: AUTO
VIEW: COUNT
Note: Source selections cannot be made.
21
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
53.
Dé.
55.
56.
57.
58.
Press ARM DELAY and vary the arm delay value. Observe the time interval measurement.
Time interval in the UNARMED mode measures time from the beginning of the main sweep to the beginning of the
delayed sweep. With the delayed sweep mode in AUTO, TIME INTERVAL UNARMED is an accurate measure of ARM
DELAY.
Adjust ARM DELAY for approximately 100 us.
Select the delayed sweep mode to be TRIG'D on the Delayed Time Panel. The 1965A should now be measuring the
period of the ist cycle on the screen.
Figure 3. Example of Unarmed Time Interval Measurement of the Tst Cycle
Change the slope selection on the delayed time panel to falling (YX |
The 1965A should now be measuring the pulse width of the first positive pulse displayed on screen. When it is
imperative that a time interval measurement be performed relative to the first trigger occurrence on screen, the
UNARMED mode must be used. Time interval measurements in the ARMED and GATED modes are measured upon
triggers that occur after the beginning of the main sweep. Since the first trigger event on screen occurred before the
beginning of the main sweep, it is impossible to detect it in the ARMED or GATED modes.
Press the REF(menu) key on the 1965A front panel. À reference offset menu will be displayed on screen. Press softkey
#3 (REF=ANSWHER). All subsequent answers will be offset by this value, which is displayed on line #3 of the CRT. Press
soft key eight imenu ofi,
Change the slope selection on the Delayed Time Paneitorising{_/ i. The 1965A should now be measuring the negative
puise width of the first cycle displayed on screen. COUNT view will indicate the true measurement without the
reference offset.
Time Interval inthe UNARMED mode has many applications in measurements invoiving complex waveforms. In order to
obtain a stable 1980 sweep, a sync signal must be provided for Main Trigger. All timing measurements must then be
performed upon the delayed trigger, which must be triggering upon the complex waveform. Any measurements outside
of a simple gated measurement requires that the UNARMED mode be used utilizing REFERENCE offset in a two step
process. In addition, the delayed sweep must be either in DIGITAL DELAY or TRIG'D.
22
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
AUTOMATIC PARAMETERS MEASUREMENTS
Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 Control Panel.
Press the AUTO (menu) key on the 1965A front panel. A menu should be displayed on screen with six parameter
measurement selections and a channel selection.
Figure 10. Automatic Parameter Measurement Menu
Press soft key #7 ICHAN SEL} and observe. Set the channel select so that the RISE TIME is designated CHT.
Press soft key #1 (RISE TIME CH1). The 1965A will automatically rescale the vertical sensitivity of channel 1 so that the
waveform will ba approximately 16 divisions peak to peak. This is done so that trigger levels can be set with maximum
resolution and accuracy. The 1965A then searches for the absolute maximum and minimum of the waveform and sets
trigger levels of main and delayed triggers at 10% and 90% based upon the peaks (the 1965A automatically
compensates trigger leveis due to hysteresis. The rise time measurement is then performed automatically and the
answer is displayed on screen with the return of the AUTO-PARAMETERS menu.
Note
Maximum undershoot + overshoot may not exceed 10% of the peak to peak waveform for rise and fali
time measurements.
Select the remaining single channel automatic parameter measurements, PROP DELAY and PHASE SHiFTrequire two
inputs.
EVENTS MEASUREMENTS
Press AUTO-SCOPE on the 1980 Control Panel.
Turn on the delayed sweep by pressing the INTEN by diyd key on the 1980 Main Time Panel.
Adjust main sweep SEC/DIV to 200 us/div.
23
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
Press the EVENTS (menu; key on the 1965A front panel. A menu will appear on the CRT with six EVENT function
selections.
Press soft key #1 [AÍGATER To
Select the following modes on the 1965A front panel:
A SOURCE: MAIN TRIG
RESOLUTION: | AUTO
VIEW: COUNT
Press the ARM DELAY key and adjust to approximately 400 us.
Press the GATE WIDTH key and adjust to approximately 1 ms.
Figure 11. Example of Events A[GATED] Setup
The answer should read 2.000... A'GATED] counts the number of events of the A SOURCE that occur during the
delayed sweep. The measurement may be averaged in which case it is a good tool for glitch detection. Refer to
measurement functions section of the Detailed Operating Instruction for an example of glitch detection.
Press the ARM DELAY key and adjust to approximately 160 us.
Notice that the answer is now 3.000.... A'GATED] does not count trigger occurrences of the A SOURCE, but counts true
level occurrences of the A SOURCE. Refer to the Detailed Operating Instruction for further information.
Press the EVENTS (menu) key. Soft key selection number two is À during B, which requires two inputs to demonstrate. A
during B is very similar to AIGATED! except the primary gating signal is now an input which defines the B SOURCE,
Refer to the Detailed Operating Instructions,
Ratio A/B measures the ratio of frequencies of two inputs. Applications include measuring harmonic relationships
between two signals. Since RATIO A/B requires two inputs, RATIO A/B will not be demonstrated in this exercise.
24
74.
75,
76.
77.
78,
79.
80.
81.
GETTING ACQUAINTED EXERCISE
Press soft key #4 TUTFL [2 Fo
Totalize A counts the number of trigger occurrences of the A SOURCE between user defined START and STOP,
Press soft key #7 TRE TT, The 1965A will begin counting “on the fly”,
Press soft key #7 “IT STCI. The 1965A will stop counting.
Press soft key #7 STHET-STIF, The 1965A will continue counting ‘on the fly".
Press soft key #7 Tr T.TCE, The 1965A will stop counting once again.
Press RESET on the 1965A front panel. The count will be zeroed.
Press the EVENTS (menu) key. The last two selections are TOTAL IEE FE and TOTAL LIE FE. They operate very
similar to TOTALIZE A except they require two inputs,
Press the EVENTS (menuj key once again. The menu wiil go off and the 1965A will be shut down.
Things You Must Know About the 1980/1965A System
Never operate the 1965A with the 1980 display mode in CHOP.
The two BNC connectors on the 1865A module are not inputs for counting.
Main trigger must always be triggering on a simple part of the waveform. To insure a stable sweep, main trigger cannot
be triggered on ringing. Complex signals require an external sync.
Nearly all 1965A measurements require that the delayed sweep be on. This is accomplished by turning on either INTEN
by divd, DLY D, or DUAL. The most common and useful operating mode is INTEN by dlyd.
Note
AUTO-SCOPE will turn the delayed sweep off.
5. All time interval measurements with averaging must be performed on screen. Increase SEC/DIV if necessary.
6. Time Interval measurements will OVERFLOW on slow repetition rate signals with a high number of averages selected.
Use AUTO-RESOLUTION when in doubt,
ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH must not be setup such that arming points are closer to the desiredtriggering point than
the ARM DELAY or GATE WIDTH specification allows.
The 186BA will count and give answers when EXTERNAL oscillator is selected, even if the proper signal is not applied to
the OSC BNC (10 MHz, 1 Vrms to 10 Vrms).
25
10.
11.
12.
Never use the PO2 command to enter data for any of the TOTALIZE functions. Use the PO1 command. Refer to
“information Qutput” in the Additional HP-1B Control section of the Detailed Operating instructions,
When using the PO2 command, beware that if the 1980 is not triggering or sweeping, the 1965A may not return an
answer to the controller. The 1965A will hold up the bus until the measurementis compiete. IFthe measurement never
completes, then the bus will be held up indefinitely. This can be remedied by using a TIME-OUT routine in the program
whereby if any line of code takes more time than a user specified time, then the program can recover by executing a
device clear command,
Overshoot plus (+) Undershoot may not exceed 10% of the peak to peak waveform when performing rise and fall time
measurements under AUTO-PARAMETERS.
The TIMER should be turned off when setting the TIMER.
Things You Should Know About the 1980/1965A System
1.
10.
11.
26
It is good practice to use HF REJ on main and delayed triggers for slow slew rate signals under 1 kHz.
HIGH hysteresis can be a useful tool for increasing the 1880's noise immunity.
For most accurate answers in TOTALIZE, execute a STOP command (PO8) prior to entering data with the PO1
command.
Mast common measurements require that the delayed sweep mode be in AUTO.
Most Time Interval UNARMED measurements will require that the delayed sweep mode be in TRIG'D or DGTL DLY.
Digital Delay can be extremely useful in characterizing unknown waveforms, however, digital delay is limited to
approximately 15 MHz.
Gated TIME INTERVAL and FREQUENCY do not measure only during the deiayed sweep. The measurement interval is
always to the next trigger occurrence after the end of the delayed sweep.
Count view should not be used for accurate setup of trigger levels.
On fast main sweep speeds (<1 us/div), ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH should be used for accurate setup of the
delayed sweep. On fast sweep speeds, the intensified portion is relatively undefined and inaccurate.
When operating over the HP-18, the user must fully understand the use of ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH. if the signal
under test is unknown, there are various techniques for characterizing the waveform such as: FREQ/PER, TIME
INTERVAL UNARMED using digital delay, the 1980 waveform storage, etc.
Confidence Test is not a complete test of all functions and modes. If the test passes, then user should have a high level
of confidence in the instrument. If the test fails, the instrument should be calibrated or repaired.
The user should understand the A SOURCE and B SOURCE signal path diagram in the triggering section of the Detailed
Operating Instructions,
DETAILED OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Using the Detailed Operating instructions
The Detailed Operating Instructions contain all the information needed to operate the 1965A. The detailed Operating
instructions are arranged in functional grouping with tabs.
The following considerations should be remembered when using the Detailed Operating Instructions.
* The procedures and examples for HP-1B operation include only the program codes {device dependent commands)
needed for remote operation. The HP-IB command mode messages {such as REN, MLA, MTA, and UNL) that are
required in bus data transfers are not listed.
* HP-IB program codes are listed in ASCII code.
* The notation conventions used to describe HP-1B codes are defined in Notation Conventions and Definitions at the
end of this section.
Table 3. Detailed Operating Instructions Index
Advisory Messages ¡Operators Messages)..........oeeecorcecreerrer:oredieaeareorcedrverererorererodo 74
Arm Delay ¡Arming/ Gating) ........e0.0.resd0.rerearearerecooraconrarvedenaorarearerreraneeanvereroreare 54
Arming Modes (Arming/ Gating! voter ttre ete ete et ttt ett tte rr teeter aaa 53
Auto-Parameters (Functions} 20.000000 0 et tt tt tet tte ee ee er tee eee ee sari ea FR 50
Control Knobd (Additional HP-IB Operation)....12000 00042 44e eee 4 4 a 844 84 4 4 44e 40 4 4 4 4e 44e a 4 a 4 4 ee ea ae une 0 84
Error Messages (Operators Messages/ Additional: HP-15 Operation) 1044044445 44 8e iii iranian 73
Events (FUnctions) .........ee.._..00s0ercadererare a evricoraorarerivaravrreororearareracrornarerrecaerae, 45
Frequency A (FUnctions)........e _.erervereae e arareacoracarrnanerarenaererecsvaoreraorerarervarreorrecs 29
Gate Width (Arming/ Gating) ...........eo..erívceariarar aca rreareneracasio r ariereo.er rene rareoric. 56
Hysteresis Control! (Triggerng!.......ce2. ever, eecrrarrrrararócor2oreornareramererarerevrere 62
Information Output (Answer) (Additional HP-1B Operation) ...........0.0.200r. 0. 0vererren nero recen eec a 75
Initialize Counter (Additiona! HP-18 Operation! .... 114024404444 4 rre errereerecenracnwaarrererrecea». 82
Key (Additional HP-1B Operation)... ..........xr.s8d:a rra 4 4 4 ee 8 4 A A Re RK RK 4 ea 4 44 ee 0 0 4 0 0 da se 0 86
Learn Mode (Additional HP-IB Operation)... 121420000444 4 44 4 44 4 4 een tar seen 6 6e 8 a 0e nan 00 6 80
Module Off (Additional HP-IB Operation)... ...........esn.eccesre0ecec eii rre e errar ena». aaa. 83
Operator's Checks (Misc Counter Contrali ........e . ee... e.ere.eeiareraereorecvanerareorovaarevarcace nr 71
Oscillator Select (Misc Counter Control) .......... eo eerirese:a e KR 4 a ee ea íorerrrrarerroaeoreara, 70
Period A (Functions) ..........eeeor.rers3:resresreoe:errareaveredarerceoerrosacanueciervarorecarecorero 34
Reference Offset (Display}...101002004 404441 4e ea 4 eee ee ee a ea AA ee Re a ee 4 eae as 64
Resolution (Misc Counter Controli.. .......e.e.e.e.e 6444464 48e 4 4 4 4 6 a 84 a 44 4 4 4 ee 4 ee 8 AR A 4 8 armenian 67
Reset/ | Single (Misc Counter Controh)..............0.0í00xr0xrirr are ere eceearecaróv0rreverecrrenmao 69
Service Request Conditions {Additional HP-IB Information)... oi ii ieee aaron rans 78
Source Selection (Triggering) ............eeexerrri.r ter ioarracóreroivoreracrorvadvarervrerarorrarvoca— 59
Time/ Date and Timer Control (Time/ Date and Timer)... ......x.00.00s 0 res dcedeverarceovarenmeor vena: 89
Time Interval A-B (Functions) .......... e. _eeeee0aaie.a es arar, deanodereraoacarevreodoarereese veeree 35
Undate/ Rate (Display). .......e.ce.esererricrerrrarreerereranrenrecoactóorrrreraerrrererporetrcecacoraves 66
View Selection (Display). ......._eccorcorecerrdvrreavererea er ener earero erre ovrereorrorororocareoecao 63
27
28
NOTES
MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS -
The following ts the list of counter functions discussed in this section of the Detailed
Operating Instructions. Many of these include examples of specific applications,
FREQUENCY A
UNARMED
ARMED.
GATED
PERIOD A
TIME INTERVAL A—B
UNARMED
ARMED
GATED
EVENTS A[GATED]
EVENTS A during B
RATIO: A/B |
ТОТАШ Е А
TOTALIZE A+B
AUTO-PARAMETERS
"RISE TIME
FALL TIME
PULSE WIDTH
DUTY CYCLE
PHASE SHIFT
PROPAGATION DELAY
CHANNEL SELECT |.
Frequency A
Description The FREQ A and PERIOD A counter functions are identical in their physical measurement. The 196G5A
incorporates the reciprocal counting technique in crder to measure the period of signal “A”. With a SAMPLE
TIME of one second, resolution of 1 part in 108 can be obtained. The 1980 microprocessor system merely
performs a reciprocal operation to give results in the frequency format. FREQA/PERA may be measured in any
of the three arming modes.
UNARMED:
ARMED:
GATED:
The unarmed mode is the default mode when neither ARMED nor GATED are selected. The
measurement is performed asynchronous to the 1980 sweep cycie/gates. Frequency or Period
in the UNARMED mode is basically the same measurement a stand alone counter would
perform. The À SOURCE must be selected to be either MAIN or DLYD TRIG. Refer to the
Programming Examples section, Programming Example # 1 will execute an unarmed frequency
measurement.
In the ARMED mode of operation each measurement is started synchronous with the 1980
sweep cycle. The measurement is armed at the beginning of the delayed sweep {ARM DELAY)
and actually begins counting on the very next trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE. A typical
application would be to measure the frequency of a startabie oscillator where it isdesired to hold
off the measurement until a specified settling time is satisfied. Once the measurement begins, it
will continue counting until the first trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE after the sample time
has been satisfied. The complete measurement could involve several sweep cycles, in which
case COUNT view would not be as shown in figure 12.
The GATED frequency /period measurement enables the 1965A to perform measurements only
on user defined portions of a waveform. The gated frequency/period measurement begins on
the first trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE after the beginning of the delayed sweep (ARM
DELAY}. The measurement stops on the first trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE after the end
of delayed sweep (GATE WIDTH}. The measurement will repeat the above sequence each 1980
sweep cycle until the sample time is satisfied. Sample time is accumulated only during each
measurement cycle. For example, if performing a gated frequency measurement upon a 1 kHz
signal with only three cycles of the signal under measurement then 3 ms of sample time willbe
accumulated each 1980 sweep cycle. With a sample time of one second selected, it would
require 334 sweep cycles to complete one gated measurement.
There are various applications for gated frequency /period measurements.
1. Ringing frequency — to determining a system's resonant frequency.
2. Signal coupling — to determine the source of an unknown asynchronous coupling signal.
3. Burst measurements.
4. Swept frequency — to determine the frequency response of a system.
29
Frequency A (Cont'd)
А = МАМ ТАЮ | г) —
BEGINNING OF
y MAIN SWEEP
|
7 NN TRG
| осу с m LVL
| , /
| a | | MEASUREMENT
ENDS
| oa MEASUREMENT | a
o BEGINS |
| |
ARM
i :
ra DELAY 7
|
| |
]
COUNT VIEW A
anun SELECTED SAMPLE TIME sgn
:
1
papa REAL SAMPLE "ТНМЕ сново)
|
Function: FREQ A
Arming Mode: ARMED
A source: MAIN TRIG
8 source: Not selectable
RESOLN: 1 us, 100 us, 10 ms, 1 s, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Settling Time of the Signal
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement
Main Sweep Mode: TRIGGERED
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
30
Figure 12. Frequency Measurement of a Startable Oscillator Using the ARMED Mode
Frequency A (Cont'd)
BEGINNING OF
MAIN SWEEP SN FIRST TRIGGER OCCURRENCE AFTER FIRST TRIGGER OCCURRENCE AFTER
THE BEGINNING OF DELAYED SWEEP THE END OF DELAYED SWEEP
|
|
A = DLYD TRIG Лу ——! e —
MAIN TRIG 1 _/ ен ет E ето ттт ст
АВМ
DELAY
COUNT VIEW
Function: FREQ A
Arming Mode: GATED
A Source: DLYD TRIG
B Source: Not Selectable
RESOLN: 1 us, 100 us, 10 ms, 1 second or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Set such that the measurementis armed before the first overshoot pulse on the
second main cycle of the fundamental waveform.
GATE WIDTH: Set such that the delayed sweep ends before the third overshoot pulse.
MAIN TRIGGER: Must be either triggering upon the fundamental waveform or triggering
upon a stable external signal.
DELAYED TRIGGER: Must be triggering upon the ringing portion of the waveform. input
signal conditioning may be required in order to assure trigger sensitivity (make volts/div
smaller).
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: May be selected to show the actual counting interval which for this example
would be two cycles of the ringing waveform.
Figure 13. Frequency Measurement of Ringing Using the Gated Mode
31
Frequency A (Cont'd)
—
+
MAIN TRIG { 7]
А = DLYD TRIG {J}
COUNT VIEW.
Function: FREQ A
Arming Mode: GATED
A Source: DLYD TRIG
B Source: Not Selectable
RESOLN: 1 us, 100 us, 10 ms, 1 second, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Set such that the delayed sweep is positioned to measure at the desired
attenuated level.
GATE WIDTH: The narrower the width, the more discriminate the measurement will be,
however, a minimum of one trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE must occur during the
delayed sweep.
MAIN TRIGGER: Must be triggering upon a sync signal.
DLYD TRIGGER: Should be triggering at the center of the swept response signal.
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval and in this example will appear to be coincident
with the intensified marker {Delayed Sweep..
32
Figure 14. Swept Frequency Measurement
Frequency A
BME or MTC for desired
Procedure To select the Frequency function press Tn
mode.
Program Codes
Select the Frequency function and one of the Arming modes.
Pri<mode>|
mode::= © Unarmed
1 Armed
2 Gated
Example Set 1965A to Frequency function and Gated Mode.
LOCAL Crete
(keys) |
STE
DOCE E
REMOTE PF 2 <LF> <CR>
(codes) identifier —— L EOS
mode
indication == and E are lighted. H an input signal is connected, the FREQ display on the CRT wii! change.
. DE ARMEE EERE . ; eo li
Comments To manualiy set the Arming mode fo unarmed, press ae OF fame until neither key is lighted.
33
Description
Procedure
Apa,
5 la
SE т. ie 1
TR.
Example
Indication
Comments
34
Period
Sets the 1965A tothe Period function, and allows the selection of an arming mode. Period is the mathematical
inverse of frequency. Refer to FREQUENCY A in this section of the Detailed Operating Instructions for a
complete description with examples. Examples 2, 3, and 5 in Programming Exampies show how to program
the Period function and use the resultant answer in order to quickly characterize a waveform to set up Arm
Delay and Gate Width for subsequent time interval measurements.
To select the Period function press "E. ; to select Arming mode, press ee ori SE fordesired mode.
Program Codes
Select the Period function and one of the Arming modes.
РР < тподе > |
mode:= © Unarmed
1 Armed
2 (Gated
Set the 1965A to Period function and Armed mode.
LOCAL PERIOD.
keys) TER
AREER
AMOO
REMOTE PP 2<CR> <iF>
(codes) identifier __——— T EQS
mode
Period A key and Gated key are lighted. if an input signal is connected, a period value is displayed onthe CRT. if
no input is connected all zeros are displayed.
To manually set the arming mode to unarmed, press ams. Or “Camas. UNI! neither key is lighted,
Time Interval A—B
Description The Time interval function measures the time fromthe A SOURCE to the B SOURCE. With averaging selected,
a resolution of 10 ps can be obtained with a range from +10 ps to +10 seconds. For a discussion of the time
interval specification, refer to Appendix A which includes graphs for easy interpolation of worst case errors,
Note
All time interval measurements must be performed on screen. Increase SEC/DIV if necessary,
UNARMED:
The unarmed mode gives the time from main sweep to delayed sweep. Trigger source selection
is not required and is defaulted to main and delayed sweeps. Most common time interval
measurements fall under the ARMED and GATED modes, however, the unarmed mode does
have seme unique applications.
An UNARMED Time Interval measurement is a very accurate measure of ARM DELAY with the
delayed sweep mode in AUTO. ARM DELAY can be set with an accuracy of 0.1% =10 ns. ARM
DELAY can be measured tc an accuracy of 41 ns. For a very sensitive setup, the unarmed mode
can be used to measure and compensate for error in ARM DELAY,
If the user desired to measure time relative to the first event on screen, it is imperative that the
UNARMED mode be used. Main trigger generates the main sweep, which will be slightly
delayed from main trigger. All ARMED and GATED measurements begin counting after the
main sweep begins; therefore, it is impossible to measure time relative to the first trigger event
on screen. The solution is to use Time Interval in the UNARMED mode where time is measured
relative to the beginning of the main sweep, which is calibrated with the 1965A propagation
delay calibration factors so the resultant answers are referenced to the first man trigger event
on screen. if the delayed sweep mode is TRIGGERED or in DIGITAL DELAY, then time will be
measured from the first trigger point on MAIN TRIGGER to the first trigger point on DELAYED
TRIGGER after ARM DELAY,
35
Time Interval
FIRST EVENT
DELAY SWEEP MODE
IN TRIGGERED
OF MAIN SWEEP
A = MAIN SWEEP { 7} 11 NI YN 4 A MT LVL
B=DiYD SWEEP [7] DT. LVL
i |
a | |
|
| | |
| ARM
DELAY |
i | :
| |
| | ;
AT
COUNT VIEWY à
BEGINNING OF MAIN SWEEP BEGINNING OF DELAY SWEEP
Function:
TINTVL A—B
Arming Mode: UNARMED
A Source: Main Sweep (not selectable)
B Source: Dlyd Sweep (not selectable)
Resolution: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Set to be greater than 1 period of the input but less than 2 periods of the input.
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement.
Delayed sweep mode: TRIG'D
COUNT view: May be selected to show actual counting interval which for this example would
be the interval between the first two periods shown on screen.
36
Figure 15. First Event Measurement
Time interval measurements on complex waveforms may require utilizing the unarmed mode in
a two-step process using REFERENCE OFFSET, To trigger the 1980 requires a sync pulse for
main trigger; therefore, only delayed trigger is available for any timing measurements on the
complex pulse string. If the user desires to measure from a rising edge to a falling edge on a
single waveform, the unarmed mode is the solution, Example #5 in Programming Examples
iffustrates this technique over the HP-IB. The following is an example of a pulse width
measurement on a complex waveform.
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
Step 1 BEGINNING OF
МА SWEEP
AT DESIRED
| TO MEASURE
|
|
A = MAIN SWEEP [_/ joe as + | — E TE a oe
i |
| Po]
Po
E
|
B= DLYD SWEEP | / — —-
COUNT VIEW
Step 1
Function: TINTVL A—B
Arming Mode: Unarmed
A Source; Main Sweep (not selectable)
B Source: Diyd Sweep {not selectable)
RESOLN: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO {recommended}
ARM DELAY: 2 {In the digital delay sweep mode, delayed sweep will begin on the second
trigger occurrence of delayed trigger).
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement.
Delayed sweep mode: DGTL DLY
Main Trigger: triggering on sync pulse.
Delayed Trigger: rising {_/"} at 50% point on a complex waveform,
Reference: Set REF=ANSWER. This will define the time interval datum tobe atthe 50% point
of the second rising edge of the complex waveform.
Step 2
BEGINNING OF
a" MAIN SWEEP
| |
| |
RS
COUNT VIEW
Step 2
Change the Delayed Trigger Slope to faliing (\_} The time interval measured will be the pulse
width of the second pulse in the complex waveform.
Figure 16. Puise Width Measurement on a Complex Waveform
37
Time Interval (Cont'd)
1 |
5 ep 1 BEGINNING OF emo y — ре 3! DESIRED
MAIN SWEEP TO MEASURE
MT. = EXT
|
A = MAIN SWEER | LU] mm —] —
|
:
В = DLYD SWEEP {7} — — |
DT, = CH 1 — Fe
CH? —— —+-
COUNT VIEW
Step 1
Function: TINTVLA-B
Arming Mode: UNARMED
A Source: Main Sweep
B Source: Diyd Sweep
RESOLN: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO (recommended.
ARM DELAY: 3 fin the digital delay sweep mode, delayed sweep will begin onthe third trigger
occurrence of delayed trigger}.
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement.
Delayed Sweep Mode: DGTL DLY,
Main Trigger: External sync. puise
Delayed Trigger: Channel 1, 50% rising (_/ +. |
Reference: SET REF=ANSWER. This will define the time interval datum to be at the 50% Point
of the third rising edge of channel 1,
Step 2 | ee BEGINNING OF
| | MAIN SWEEP
o RO
MT. = EXT IT wi
|
A = MAIN SWEEP! 7) [—]
|
|
|
CHI |
|
|
o ro] MAIG
DT. = CH2 1 | | LVL
ATp min
COUNT EW >
Step 2
Delayed Trigger: Channel 2, 50% rising (./ 1.
ARM DELAY: 2 (In the digital delay sweep mode, delayed sweep will begin on the second
trigger occurrence of delayed trigger).
The time interval measured will be the propagation delay between the rising edge of the third
pulse on channel 1 and the rising edge of the second pulse on channel 2,
38
Figure 17. Measuring the Propagation Delay on a Complex Waveform
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
ARMED: The ARMED time interval measurement gives the time between the first A SOURCE trigger
point to the first B SOURCE trigger point after the beginning of the delayed sweep (ARM DELAY).
Time may be positive or negative and source selections are required. Typical applications
include: Rise Times, Pulse Widths, and Propagation Delays. Example #3 in Programming
Exampies shows how a pulse width measurement can be executed using the armed time
interval function over the HP-IB.
BEGINNING OF
4 MAIN SWEEP
}
B=DLYD TRIG 1/7) — e —— В = Кеннет me ee Ts
| Î |
| | #
_ - | | Ba TRIG
Ce MAIN TRIG E ma | a a a > L VE
| ARM |
DELAY
! | I }
E 4
| }
COUNT VIEW
Function: TINTVL
Arming Mode: ARMED
A Source: MAIN TRIG
B Source: DLYD TRIG
Resolution: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO {recommended}
ARM DELAY: Set to occur before the main trigger point on the second puise, but after the
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement. The intensified marker doesnot
Main Trigger: Set to the relative 10% level of waveform on the rising edge (_/}.
Delayed Trigger: Set to the relative 90% level of waveform on the rising edge (J).
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval between the 10% and 80% points on the second
delayed trigger point on the first pulse.
need to cover the rising edge of this signal.
pulse,
Figure 18. Rise Time Measurement
39
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
BEGINNING OF
* MAIN SWEEP
А = MAIN TRIG EM]
B=DLYD TRIG { |
| |
DELAY
TRIG
LVL
COUNT VIEW
Function: TiNTVL
Arming Mode: ARMED
A Source: MAIN TRIG
B Source: DLYD TRIG
Resolution: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Set to be less than one period of input, but greater than the pulse width.
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement,
Main Trigger: Set to the relative 50% point of the waveform on the rising edge (7).
Delayed Trigger: Set to the relative B0% point of waveform on the falling edge UU).
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval as the pulse width of the second pulse.
40
Figure 19. Pulse Width Measurement
BEGINNING OF
4” MAIN SWEEP
|
A = MAIN TRIG { J} re —— — Ff —\— — — = = Анн ——] — м
| y;
} 4 ,
i DELAY | |
[еее] |
, |
]
|
1
8 DLYD TRIG $ fm cm sn] cm I \ - - В
COUNT VIEW
Funcion; TINTVL
Arming Mode: ARMED
A Source: MAIN TRIG
B Source: DLYD TRIG
Resolution: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO (recommended;
ARM DELAY: Set to occur after the first rising edge of delayed trigger and before the second
rising edge of main trigger.
GATE WIDTH: May be set, but not used in this measurement.
Main Trigger: Set to 50% point on the rising (/) edge of channel 1.
Delayed Trigger: Set to the 50% point on the rising 1./] edge of channel 2,
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval as the propagation delay between the second
pulse of channel 1 and the second pulse of channe! 2.
Figure 20. Propagation Delay Measurement
41
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
GATED: The GATED time interval measurement gives the time between the first A SOURCE trigger point
after the beginning of delayed sweep (ARM DELAY to the first BSCURCE trigger point after the
end of delayed sweep (GATE WIDTH). Time may be positive or negative and source selections
are required, Example #2 in Programming Examples shows how to set up a gated time interval
measurement over the HP-1B. The following is an example of a gated time interval where it is
desired to measure from the second rising edge on channel 1 tothe third rising edge on channel
2, (The second rising edge of channel 2 will be gated out.
BEGINNING OF
a MAIN SWEEP
A = MAIN TRIG { J) —f me cde a À \ — — — TRIG
\ LVL
CJ
РА
>
>
À
2
J
=
I
Pf + — — A ME TRIG
LVL
B= DLYD TRIG (7 j hm eme
pare
COUNT VIEW
Function: T INTVL
Arming Mode: GATED
A Source: MAIN TRIG
B Source: DLYD TRIG
Resolution: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000 000 averages, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Set to occur before the second rising edge of main trigger.
GATE WIDTH: Set such that the delayed sweep ends before the third rising edge of delayed
trigger.
Main Trigger: Set to 50% point on the rising (_/” ] edge of channel 1.
Delayed Trigger: Set to 50% point on the rising (_/) edge of channel 2.
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval between the desired START {A SOURCE) and STOP
(8 SOURCE) trigger points.
42
Figure 21. Gated Time Interval Measurement
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
Time intervai measurements on complex waveforms are also possible in the GATED mode. As
discussed in applications for the UNARMED mode, the 1980 requires a sync signal for its main
trigger, which leaves only delayed trigger for timing measurements. [f the user desires to make a
time interval measurement from common trigger points on one waveform, then the gated mode
easily performs the measurement in one step.
A = DLYD TRIG | reve — НЕ
B=0OLYD TRIG) —— f À ; TRIG
BEGINNING OF
yd MAIN SWEEP
LVL
COUNT VIEW
Function: TINTVL
Arming Mode: GATED
A Source: DLYD TRIG
B Source: DLYD TRIG
RESOLN: 1, 100, 10,000, 1,000,000 averages, or AUTO (recommended)
ARM DELAY: Settooccur betweenthe first and second rising edges of the complex waveform,
GATE WIDTH: Set such that the end of the delay sweep occurs between the third and fourth
rising edges of the complex waveform.
Main Trigger: Sync pulse
Delayed Trigger: Complex waveform,
Delayed Sweep Mode: AUTO
COUNT view: Shows the counting interval as being one period of the complex waveform.
Figure 22. Measuring the Period of Complex Waveform
43
Procedure
Example
Indication
Comments
44
Time Interval A—B (Cont'd)
. CEANTVL . . ARNEDO
To select the Time Interval mode press 4-26, then an arming mode may be selected by pressing es: Or
{aren i
Program Codes
Select the Time Interval function and one of the arming modes.
PF <mode>)
mode:— 0 Unarmed
1 Armed
2 Gated
Set 1965A to Time Interval function and Unarmed mode.
LOCAL ЗОВУ
НАЛЕВО
(keys)
CIS RANED
CUR ann BRT
or “E (if tighted)
ATHENS
REMOTE PT O <CR> <LF>
(codes) emite | L EOS
mode
TINTVL key is lighted and neither ARMED nor GATED is lighted. Atime interval value isdisplayed on line two of
the CRT.
To trigger the oscilloscope requires a repetitive waveform, This inhibits the measurements of true single shot
events. Appendix C gives two techniques for measuring time intervais of singie-shot events.
Description
Procedure
Events
Selects one of the events functions and starts or stops the totalizer if in a Totalize function,
To call the events menu, press EVENTS. on the 1965A, then press the Soft Key corresponding to the desired
Events function. A short description of each of the events follows:
AlGated] — Counts the number of events of the A SOURCE occurring during the delayed sweep. An event of
“A” is defined as a “true” level of A. A “true” level is any time the A SOURCE is above its trigger level If the
slope selection is rising (7 jor any time the A SOURCE is below its trigger level if the slope selection is falling
(XN.j. AIGATED] does not count edges of the A SOURCE. H the À SOURCE is already “true” when the delayed
sweep begins, then one count will be recorded at the beginning of the detayed sweep. The 1965A defaults to
the GATED mode when AIGATED] is selected and measurements may be averaged, This Events function has
many digital applications and can be used for detecting intermittent occurrences of signals or glitches. The
following example shows how to detect on intermittent giitch that occurs following the fourth pulse on screen.
45
Events (Cont'd)
BEGINNING OF
¡4 MAIN SWEEP
TRIG
LVL
INTERMITTENT
GLITCH
TRIG
LVL
GATE
WIDTH
COUNT VIEW E
Function: EVENTS AJGATED]
Arming Mode: GATED (default!
À Source: DLYD TRIG
B Source: Not Selectable
RESOLN: Averaged
46
Figure 23. Glitch Detection
Note
To detect intermittent glitches, the user should select the 1965A to average. In this
example, if the suspected glitch never occurs, the answer will be "4" If the glitch always
occurs, the answer will be “5”. If the glitch is intermittent, the answer will contain a
fractional count such as 4.00025.
Events (Cont'd)
A during B — Counts the number of events of the A SOURCE occurring during the time the B SOURCE is
“true”. A “true” level of the A SOURCE andthe B SOURCE is as defined in A{GATED À during Bis very similar
to AIGATED] and can be thought of as A gated by B. In addition, Aduring B may also be gatedwhichresultsin A
gated by B gated by the delayed sweep. A during B may be averaged, whereby one event of B constitutes one
average. This Events function may be operated in the UNARMED and GATED modes, but not in the ARMED
mode. The following example shows how to measure the number of events that occur during the second burst
of a pulse string.
BEGINNING OF
ARM me GATE
[Femme sss Ej
DELAY
+
| |
|
COUNT VIEW LL
Function: EVENTS A during B
Arming Mode: GATED
A Source: DLYD TRIG
B Source: MAIN TRIG
RESOLN: May be averaged
Figure 24, Burst Events Measurements
Note
if there are no intermittent pulses, then the suggested number of averages for fast through-
put is "1". The answer will always be 4 regardless of how many averages are performed. if
the UNARMED mode had been selected for this example, the answer wouid be "8".
RATIO; A/B Counts events of the A SOURCE and events of the B SOURCE for a selected sample time, then
calculates the ratio of A to B. Unlike A|GATED] and A during B, Ratio counts slope defined transitions rather
than levels. Applications include measuring harmonic relationships between two input signals. The À
SOURCE and the B SOURCE do not have to be synchronous to each other. The following is a brief description of
each arming mode for A/B.
47
48
UNARMED
ARMED
GATED
TOTALIZE A
TOTALIZE AEB
Events (Cont'd)
Measurement begins asynchronous tc the 1 980 sweep cycle and continues counting until the
selected sample time is satisfied. The measurement will aiways begin on a trigger occurrence
of the A SOURCE and end on a trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE.
Measurement begins on the first trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE after the beginning of
delayed sweep (ARM DELAY) and continues counting until the selected sample time is
satisfied, ending on a trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE.
For each main sweep of the 1980, the measurement begins on the first trigger occurrence of
the A SOURCE after the beginning of delayed sweep (ARM DELAY! and ends on the first
trigger occurrence of the A SOURCE after the end of delayed sweep (GATE WIDTH). The
measurement will continue this process for each successive 1 980 sweep cycle until the total
sample time has been satisfied.
Note
if no trigger occurrences of B SOURCE occur during the measurement, the
answer will read "OVERFLOW",
Counts the total number of triggers of the A SOURCE that occur between user-defined START
and STOP. The answer is updated "on the fly" and may be read over the bus atany time using
the PO1 command; however, for most accurate results, a STOP command should be executed
prior to the POT and read. After the first START/STOP cycle is performed, each successive
START command is actually a CONTINUE. To zero the count a RESET must be performed. The
UNARMED mode is the only valid arming mode for TOTALIZE A. Example #8 in Programming
Exampies section shows how to execute a Totalize A measurement over the HP-{B.
Counts the total sum or difference of triggers of the A SOURCE and the B SOURCE that occur
between user-defined START and STOP. The answer is updated “on the fly” and may be read
over the bus at any time using the PO1 command; however, for most accurate results, a STOP
command should be executed prior to the PO1 and read. TOTALIZE A+8 may be used in ali
three arming modes of operation. When operating over the MP-IB, the START command and
STOP commands must not be on the same program line.
Note
or B SOURCE repetition rates exceed 5 MHz, This is due to “roll-over”
conditions.
Note
Never use the PO2 command to input data for any of the TOTALIZE
functions.
Example
Indication
Comments
Events (Cont'd)
Program Codes
Select an Events Function and one of the Arming modes.
PE <Function>,|<Arming Mode>]
Function:=1 A(GATED;
A during B
A/B
Totalize A
Totalize A+B
ТотаПге А-В
Totalize Start
Totalize Stop
© AO WN
Arming Mode::= O Unarmed
1 Armed
2
Gated
Enter the events menu, then select Totalize A+B, Unarmed, and start totalizing.
LOCAL a
(keys) 5 TOTALIZE A+B
or {only if lighted)
E STAR T-STOF
REMOTE PES, 0; PE7 <LF><EOS>
(codes) deme — | L arming mode
function
Start/Stop is displayed on the CRT next to Soft Key 7. "A+B" is displayed on the second line of the CRT along
with a number that is incrementing if an input signal is present.
If in any of the Totalize functions, the resolution is not selectable,
49
Description
Procedure
50
Auto-Parameters
Auto Functions perform an automatic parameter measurement. The Auto key selection enables the Auto
parameters menu. Each measurement can then be made by selecting the Soft Key (1-6) corresponding to the
desired measurement.
In Auto Parameters the 1965A expands the waveform for maximum resolution and searches the particular
waveform for the absolute maximum and minimum peaks. Trigger levels are then set to the appropriate levels
based upon the absolute peaks as 0% and 100%. The 1965A automatically compensates for hysteresis in the
triggering with each trigger point set accurately to within £1% of the peak-to-peak waveform.
Note
Peak-to-peak perturbations {undershoot + overshoot; must not exceed the refative value set
(10% for rise and fal! times, and 50% for all others).
The measurement is performed once and the 1980/71 965A setup is returned to the original state. Example #4
in the Programming Examples section shows how a Rise Time, Fail Time, and Pulse Width measurement can
he executed over the HP-iB.
To call the Auto Functions menu, press ea on the 1965A, then press the Soft key corresponding to the
AUTOS:
desired Auto Function,
An automatic measurement will be made based upon absolute maximum and minimum of the signal. The
parameter vaiue is dispiayed on the second line of the CRT.
Rise Time
Fail Time
Pulse Width
Duty Cycle
Measures and displays the Time Interval between the 10% and 90% points on a rising
edge of a repetitive waveform.
Measures and displays the Time interval between the 90% and 10% points on a falling
edge of a repetitive waveform.
Measures and displays the Time Interval between the 50% point of the rising edge to the
50% point of the falling edge of a repetitive waveform,
Measures and displays the ratio of Pulse Width to Period.
Example
Indication
Comments
Phase Shift
Propagation Delay
Auto-Parameters (Cont'd)
Finds the Time interval between the 50% points of the rising edges of the two inputs. The
1905A then performs a ratio of that Time Interval to the period and displays the Phase
after conversion to degrees ranging from ~180° to +180°.
Finds and displays the Time interval between the rising edges at the 50% point of the two
signais.
Channel Select Selects the input channel for the automatic measurements to be made or reverses the
relationship of the channeis for two channel measurements.
Program Codes
Make an auto parameters measurement.
PA<code>|,<channel>]
code::= Rise Time
Fall Time
Pulse Width
Duty Cycle
Prop Delay |
Phase Shift
© сл о ar —
„=
channel:= Channel Tor 1 — 2 or CH1 relative to CH2
2 “Channel 2 ог 2 — 1 or CH2 relative to CH1
Make a Pulse Width measurement of the channel 2 signal automatically.
LOCAL “AUTOS
(keys) 35560 py op WIDTH CoH
REMOTE PA 3,2 <CR> <LF>
{codes) identifier
code channel
An automatic pulse width measurement takes place and when complete the Pulse Width value is dispiayedon
the second fine of the CRT along with the number of averages.
The Auto functions expect the operator to have a waveform that is triggering in Mainand >3 divon the screen,
This can be accomplished by pressing AUTO-SCOPE prior to performing the auto parameter measurement,
If an optional channel selection is not made when sending the measurementcommand, the measurement will
be made on the channel currently displayed in the menu.
52
NOTES
ARMING /GATING
This section of the Detailed Operating Instructions includes a discussion of the three
arming modes and the variable gate control.
ARMING MODES
UNARMED
ARMED
GATED
GATE CONTROL
ARM DELAY
GATE WIDTH
Modes
There are three modes which can be used to control the measurement arming technique. Theyare 1) UNARMED, 2) ARMED,
3} GATED. The arming modes may be selected either from the front panel or via the HP-IB as a qualifier with a valid counter
function command. The following is a brief description of each mode. Refer to the counter function descriptions for a more
detailed explanation of the specifics of each arming mode,
UNARMED: For all functions, except Time Interval, measurements are made without sychronization to the 1980 sweep
cycle. In Time interval, the unarmed mode is defined to measure the time from the beginning of MAIN SWEEP
to the beginning of DELAYED SWEEP,
ARMED: In the ARMED mode, all measurements are enabled to begin counting after the beginning of the delayed
sweep.
GATED: In the GATED mode, the delayed sweep defines a measurement window for each sweep cycle of the 1980,
Coincident with the delayed sweep {intensified marker} is a signal called DELAYED GATE which is the Gating
signal for the 1865A. This Gating signal may be viewed by selecting ARM VIEW. The Delayed Gate is calibrated
to the 1965A module and is accurately controlled by ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH,
53
Arm Delay
Description The time delay from the trigger point on the signal that triggered MAIN SWEEP to the start of the DELAYED
54
B= DLYD ТАС (не = | I. | | | TRIG
COUNT VIEW
GATE {with the delayed sweep mode in AUTO} Both ARM DELAY and the 1980 DELAY TIME control the
position of the delayed sweep. ARM DELAY is calibrated to the 1965A module. DELAY TiME is calibrated tothe
CRT. The intensified marker on screen is a close approximation of the location of the gating signal (DELAYED
GATE} to the 1965A. When operating manually with the main sweep speed faster than 1 us/div, ARM DELAY
read out should be used rather than visually positioning the intensified marker. The intensified marker typically
precedes the DELAYED GATE coming to the T965A by approximately 60 ns. ARM DELAY is expressed in
seconds and can be set from the front pane! using the control knob or froma controller via the HP-IB. Examples
#2, 3, and 5 in Programming Examples section show how Arm Delay may be specified as a variable over the
HP-IB,
BEGINNING GF
e MAIN SWEEP
ve co FX ор ee o
EVE
Arm Delay Characteristics
Range: TOO ns to 9.9999 s
Resolution: 100 ps Maximum Front panel: b digits displayed
Accuracy: 110 ns +.1%
Procedure
Example
Indication
Comments
Dela у { L
To enter a delay value press and rotate the Control Knob.
Press
o select step resolution for arm delay time entry.
Set the delay vaiue to mimimum by pressing
Program Codes
Enter Arm Delay time value.
PD<vaiue>
value::= exponential
¡dd]d.|d...He | E)-ídid! +0
100 ns to 9.999 999 999 9 s
maximum 11 digits resolution; 5 digits displayed
Enter an Arm Delay value of 450 us.
LOCAL
(keys) | H5000-6]
REMOTE PO 450.0E-6 <CR> <LF>
(codes) identifier 1 & EOS
Arm Delay value
When the Control Knob is assigned to Arm Delay is lighted and the Arm Delay value is displayed in
the LED readout and on the CRT. Arm Delay vaiues are displayed as exponential numbers.
A minimum Arm Delay value is unique to each 1980A/B and 1965A and is determined as a resultof the Front
Panel Calibration of the 1965A. The minimum value can be read inthe LED display by pressing
rotating the Control Knob for the minimum reading in the LED display.
and
The minimum programmable ARM DELAY is 100 ns.
55
Gate
Description Gate Width is the duration of the gating signal received by the 1965A. The gating signal isknown as DELAYED
56
А = DLYD TRIG 5] | § à j |
В = DLYD TRIG [7] se à 3 ; TRIG
COUNT VIEW
GATE and is generated by and is coincident to the delayed sweep (intensified marker). GATE WIDTH is
calibrated from the front panel and is an accurate technique for setting up gated-type measurements either
manually or over HP-IB. DELAYED GATE may be viewed by selecting ARM VIEW on the 1965A front panel.
The Gate Width time can be set from the front panel using the Control Knob or from a controller via the HP-18B.
Example #2 in Programming Examples section shows how the Gate Width may be specified as a variable over
the HP-1B,
BEGINNING OF
e MAIN SWEEP
LVL
Gate Width Characteristics
Range: 200 ns to 89.9999 seconds
Resolution: 1 partin 103
Accuracy: 13% for gate width of 200 ns to TO ms
+4% for gate width of 100 ms to 10 s
Procedure
Example
Indication
Comments
Width (Cont'd)
Gate
To enter a Gate Width value press
and rotate the Control Knob.
Press | to select step resolution for Gate Width time entry.
Program Codes
Enter Gate Width time value.
PW<vaiue>
value: = exponential
|dddd)d.id...l{e| E+-|did| +0] O
200 ns to 9.8999 seconds
greatest value must be < TO seconds
Enter a Gate Width value of 7.126 ms.
LOCAL
(keys) Те Бо - 31
REMOTE PW 7.1250E-3 <CR> <LF>
(codes) identifier L Eos
value
When the Control Knob is assigned to Gate Width, is lighted and the Gate Width value isdispiayedin
the LED readout and on the CRT display. Gate Width values are displayed as exponential numbers.
A minimum Gate Width value is unique to each 1980A/B and 1965A set. The minimum vaiue can be read in
the LED display by pressing and rotating the Control Knob for the minimum reading. The minimum
value is determined by the Front Panel Calibration. The minimum programmable Gate Width is 200 ns.
Since the Gate Width is derived from DLYD SECS / DIV which has a resolution of 3 digits, a value thatisentered
over the HP-IB may be different than the actual value displayed in the lower digits.
57
58
NOTES
TRIGGERING
This section of the Detailed Operating Instructions includes a discussion of trigger
source selection {A SOURCE and B SOURCE) and conditioning. Trigger hysteresis
calibration and contro! is also discussed in this section.
SOURCE SELECTION
À SOURCE
B SOURCE
HYSTERESIS CONTROL
CALIBRATION
AMPLITUDE CONTROL
Trigger Source Selection
Description All counter functions, except TIME INTERVAL UNARMED, measure parameters upon user-defined ASOURCE
Procedure
and B SOURCE triggers. Since the 1965A does not have any of its own inputs, all triggering is derived from the
1980. The 1980 has two independent triggers: MAIN TRIGGER and DELAYED TRIGGER. These triggers may be
derived from several different sources.
MAIN TRIGGER DELAYED TRIGGER
Channel 1 Channel 1
Channel 2 Channel 2
Main External Delayed External
Line (60 Mz)
The 1965A's A SOURCE and B SOURCE may independently be selected to be MAIN TRIG or DLYD TRIG. This
gives the 1965A much flexibility in triggering since the originating source of MAIN and DLYD TRIGGERS has a
multiple of possibilities.
As an example, assume that the T965A's A SOURCE is set to MAIN TRIG and B SOURCE is set to DLYD TRIG,
and the 1980's MAIN TRIGGER is set to be internally triggering on channel 1, with the 1980's DLYD TRIGGER
internally triggering on channel 2 {indicated near bottom of CRT: MT=CH1, DT=CH2}. If the function selected is
TINTVL A—B ARMED, then a time interval propagation delay will be measured from channel 1 to channel 2.
Trigger levels (in divisions) and slope selection { ¥'\" } are set and controlled from the 1980 front panel and
trigger views may be displayed 1c show where ona waveform the 1880 is triggering. Main trigger mustalways
be triggering on a simple part of the waveform. To insure a stable sweep, main trigger should not be triggered
on ringing or on a complex waveform. An external sync pulse should be used for complex waveforms,
Examples #2 and 3 in Programming Examples section show how source selections are executed gver
the HP-IB,
Figure 25 is a simplified functionai diagram illustrating the 1965A's triggering capability and selection.
To select the counting source press vor 8 for ASOURCE and B SOURCE until desired trigger is selected,
Program Codes
Set the A SOURCE and the B SOURCE to MAIN or DELAYED trigger signais as desired,
PS <{A)source>! <{Bisource> |
source: O No Change
Т main trigger
2 delayed trigger
59
Trigger Source Selection (Cont'd)
Example Set the B SOURCE to delaved trigger and leave the A SOURCE where it was.
LOCAL
(keys)
e. IB source)
REMOTE PS 0, 2 <CR> <|F>
(codes) identifier. 1 eos
À source B source
Comments When changing delayed trigger slope | fa) from the front panel while the delayed sweep mode is in AUTO,
an advisory message will be temperaritly displayed on screen indícating that the delayed sweeps isin AUTO,
This message is intended for the pure 1980 user; not the 1965A user. This advisory message is not generated
over HP-IB unless the 1980 is being programmed with the key commands (КУ).
60
Trigger Source Selection (Cont'd)
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61
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Description
Procedure
Example
Indication
Comments
62
Hysteresis Control
Sets the trigger hysteresis to the normal value or high value (~2 times normal value}. In addition, Hysteresis
values for various setups may be calibrated and stored in internal RAM and may be accessed and output over
the HP-1B.
Mysteresis is typically 0.15 divisions on screen. in noisy environments, it may be desirable to increase the
1980's noise immunity. This may be accomplished by selecting HIGH hysteresis.
When performing a front panel calibration, the 1965A will automatically measure and store away values of
hysteresis and trigger level offset for various 1980 setups. The user may also request the 1 965A to performthe
hysteresis/ offset calibration over the HP-IB. This is accomplished with the “PH3” command.
The 1965A's AUTO-PARAMETERS use hysteresis values to automatically compensate for errorsiniriggering
due to hysteresis. The user also has the ability to access the values of hysteresis and offset over HP-IB with the
POS command {refer to INFORMATION OUTPUT detailed operating instructions in this manual}. These vaiues
may be used for compensating trigger levels due to error induced by hysteresis and offset. This technique is
discussed in Appendix A under Trigger Level Error. Example #8 in Programming Examples section shows how
hysteresis and offset values are entered over the HP-1B using the POS command,
To set the Hysteresis control enter the T965A base menu and press J a RYE TERE STS MEF HIE
Program Codes
Set hysteresis controf:
PH<status>
status: T Normal Hysteresis
2 High Hysteresis
3 Perform Hysteresis/ Offset Calibration
Set Hysteresis control to High hysteresis.
LOCAL BEN
(keys)
HVETERESTE NEAL -ATGH
REMOTE PH 2<CR> <LF>
(codes) dentifier | | L EQS
status
The current setting is indicated in inverse video.
To perform the Hysteresis/offset Calibration, the rear “Cal Enable” switch must be in the enabled position.
DISPLAY
This section of the Detailed Operating instructions includes a discussion of the 1965A
waveform display capabilities and the reference offset feature, which offsets an
answer in the display and memory. In addition, the display update rate control which is
operated only from the bus is discussed.
VIEW SELECTION
COUNT VIEW
ARM VIEW
REFERENCE OFFSET
DISPLAY UPDATE
View Selection
Description The 1365A generates two bi-level waveforms that may be displayed on the CRT.
Count view shows the counting interval over which measurements are taken. When the waveform is high,
measurement data are being collected. This is an extremely useful tool when manually operating the
instrument. lt gives the user a high tevel of confidence in determining whether or nota measurement is set up
properly. Count view is typically delayed from trigger events on screen by 60 ns. This becomes obvious on fast
sweep speeds. Also, the leading and trailing edges of count view display what appears to be 10 ns of jitter when
operating in Time Interval. This shows that true averaging is taking place.
Arm View shows the position and duration of the delayed sweep.
Procedure — To toggle Count View on or off, press SM
To toggle Arm View on or off, press | Em.
a
Program Codes
Select Count View or Arm View:
PY <code>
nN code: = O Views off
1 Count View
2 Arm View
Example Display the Arm View signal.
LOCAL PCOUNT:
(keys) SEARS
REMOTE PV 2 <CR> <LF>
(codes) identifier -—e—— EOS
status
indication When Count View or Arm View is displayed the corresponding key is lighted.
Comments Only one special view {Count or Arm} can be displayed at one time.
63
Description
Procedure
64
Reference Offset
Defines a reference offset value to be subtracted from subsequent measurements, The offset value can be
cleared, set to the current displayed answer, or set to a value defined by the user,
REFERENCE OFFSET can be extremely useful in nuiling out systematic errors or in measuring drift. It is also a
tool to use in making two-step measurements, Refer to the exampies showing the use of REFERENCE inthe
UNARMED mode of TIME INTERVAL in the Measurement Functions section of the Detailed Operating
instruction. Example #5 in Programming Examples shows how a reference offsetcan be specified over the HP-
IB. Note that when setting “reference=answer"", whatever is presently in the display will be used as the
answer. If a measurement has just been initialized, the program must wait until the measurement is finished
before executing the PN1 command. This has been accomplished in example #5 by executing the PO2
command and ENTER prior to the PN1. The ENTER holds up the program until an answer is ready,
REE
Clear the reference offset by pressing , eur. then ДНА
Set the reference to current measurement value by pressing “ee / (en О ВЕР ANSMER
To set the reference to any desired value, press “22, 400 MAMUFL SEF , and rotate the Control Knob
until the number is displayed on the 3rd line of the CRT. ss: CORRE. METILMFINE can be used to
select digits to be changed.
Program Codes
Enable the reference offset and enter a value.
PN<status>[ <reference>|!
status::= O Clear reference
—
Set reference equal to current answer displayed.
2 Set reference as defined
reference:= exponentiai
{+ | In {dddddddd|E!-d]d
1.00 píunits) to 999 999 Míunits;
Example
Indication
Comments
Enter a reference of 109.82 kHz.
so
o
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LOCAL meno
(keys) e MPRLIFL ВЕР
5% HEN I: {as required)
(For a display reading of! FEF oo 105, SE000 by
REMOTE PN 2, 1.0982E5 <CR> <LF>
(codes) identifier — Lo eos
status reference
Reference value as sent is displayed on the left side of the third line of the CRT and is subtracted from the
reading.
Output value units can be any unit depending upon what measurement setup Is In use.
Reference values may be output to a controller with the information output command, PO3.
65
Update Rate
Description Selects the rate at which the display is updated. This command allows the measurements to be calculated and
displayed as soon as they are completed or at a maximum update rate of 1/2 second.
Procedure Update Rate can only be changed via the HP-IB,
Program Codes
Select display update rate:
PU<code>
code::— O No wait for update
1 Normal 1/2 second update rate
Example Set Update Rate to “No wait for answers”.
REMOTE PU QG <CR> <i->
icodes) identifíer———— tT EOS
code
Comments This command can be used with the PO? (Information Output) command, since PO? does not restart the
counter. The PU (Update Rate} command will allow the measurement answer to be refreshed as quickly as
possible. Power up will reset the 1965A to the normal 1/2 second rate of update.
If a PUO command is executed the other functions of the 1980 system may be slowed down (pressing keys,
turning the Control Knob, etc.) due to the time the system must take to constantly update the 1965A display.
66
ADDITIONAL COUNTER CONTROLS
This section of the Detailed Operating instructions includes a discussion of additional
counter controls, They include the following:
RESOLUTION SELECTION
SAMPLE TIME
AVERAGING
MEASUREMENT RESET
SINGLE MEASUREMENT MODE
OSCILLATOR SELECT
INTERNAL TCXO
EXTERNAL
Description Selects the degree of resolution to which the counter wiil perform measurements. There are four discreet
Procedure
selections that the user may select and are in the form of either "SAMPLE TIME” or "NUMBER OF
AVERAGES". The resolution setting is displayed on line two of the CRT.
Sample time is what most counters refer as "Gate Time" and can beset to 1 us, 100 us, 10 ms, or 1 second.
One second results in the answer with the highest resolution. Sample time applies to the following functions:
Frequency A, Period A, Ratio: A/B.
Averaging may be selected to be 1 {no averaging), 100, 10,000 or 1,000,000 with the highest resolution
obtained using 1,000,000 averages. Averaging applies to the following functions: Time interval A—B, Events
AIGATED] Events À during B, and Auto-Parameters.
If AUTO-RESOLUTION is selected, the 1965A wili select the ontimum resolution depending upon the 1980
sweeps cycle time and the 196DA set up. For an on-screen measurement, the 1965A will select the highest
resolution so as not to exceed 2.5 seconds in the update display. The 1965A can output to a controller the
current resolution setting by executing the command, PO7 {refer to the INFORMATION QUTPUT Detailed
Operating instruction},
Example #2 in Programming Examples section shows how resolution is selected over the HP-IB. The program
selects a sample time of 1 us for a period measurement and then changes the resolution to automatic for a
gated time interval measurement,
. . | НЕБОМ: o .
To change the resolution setting of the counter, press Charo” until the desired resolution isdisplayedonline 2 of
{ RESOLN,
DoPaUTDOS >
the CRT display. To select Auto Resolution press |
Program Codes
Set the resolution of the counter.
PH <code>
code::= Automatic
1 us, or 1 average
10 ms, or 10,000 averages
O
1
2 100 us, or 100 averages
3
4 1s, or 1,000,000 averages
67
Example
Comments
68
Resolution (Cont'd)
Set the Counter Resolution to 10 ms, or 10,000 averages.
LOCAL
(keys) PS (until display reads desired value)
REMOTE PR3<CR> <LF>
{codes} identifier LT L EOS
code
The higher the selected resolution, the longer the user or controller must wait foran answer. When averaging
or when making gated measurements, the measurement time isdirectivrelated tothe 1980 sweep cycle time,
One average is taken each sweep of the 1980. On slow sweep speeds, measurement updates may take a long
time if a high degree of resolution is selected. In addition, the measurement may overflow’ if too high of a
resolution is selected. For this reason, it is recommended that the user select AUTO-RESOLUTION,
Description
Procedure
Exampie
indications
Reset/ | Single
Resets the counter and restarts a new measurement. It also clears all 1965A Service Requests.
if the SINGLE mode is selected, then only one measurement will be taken and the answer will remain in the
display on the CRT. To Initiate a new measurement, the RESET key may be pressed.
To reset the counter and restart the measurement, press er .
Program Codes
Reset the counter:
Pz
Reset the 1965A counter.
LOCAL o
‘НЕВЕ:
(keys) SELES
REMOTE PZ<CR> <LF>
tcodes) identifier T EQS
The current reading is reset and all 1965A Service Requests are cleared.
69
Description
Procedure
Example
Comments
70
Select
Selects either an internal or external 10 MHz signal as the 1965A reference oscillator. if EXTERNAL is
selected, the T96DA indicates this by lighting a front panel light any time a counter function is active. The user
is required to connect the external 10 MHz reference clock to the “OSC” BNC witha minimum signal of 1 Vrms
and maximum of 10 V rms. The 1965A will “step-up” the 10 MHz cíock to 100 MHz {10 ns} as its system
reference time interval. A Confidence Test may be performed to verify that the external signal applied is
sufficient,
To select the TO MHz reference oscillator, enter the 1965A menuthen press 15H DE IMTERST.
Program Codes
Select 10 MHz source for counter.
PX <source>
source::= 1 internal TO MHz time base ¡TCXO)
2 external TO MHz source
Select the external input as the 10 MHz source.
LOCAL tre
(keys)
y ÉRECALE py
LOF One IAE
REMOTE PX 2 <CR> <LF>
(codes) identifier — 1 | EOS
source
Refer to Specifications for EXT time base requirements. if EXT is selected the 1865A will count and give
answers regardless whether or not the proper external TO MHz signal is connected.
OPERATOR'S CHECKS AND MESSAGES
This secton of the Detailed Operating Instructions includes various checks and error
messages that atlow the operator to make a quick evaluation of instrument operation.
in addition, various advisory messages may be generated due to improper setups and
are discussed in this section. |
OPERATOR'S CHECKS
CONFIDENCE TEST
RAM TEST
ROM CHECKSUM
ERROR MESSAGES
ADVISORY MESSAGES
Operator's Checks
Description Operator's checks are 1965A self-diagnostic tests that allow the operator to make quick evaluations of
Procedure
indication
instrument operation. These tests may be performed either from the front panel, via the 1965A main menu, or
over the HP-IB with the PQ commands. Three operator's checks are provided:
1. Confidence Test
2. RAM Test
3, ROM Checksum
The confidence Test confirms that the internal T965A hardware and software is functional, This test does not
verify that the T96BA is operating to ali specifications. The Confidence Test may be used to verify that the
Internal or External oscillator is functioning properly.
The RAM Test assures that the 1965A RAM memory is operating properly.
The ROM Checksum verifies the content of each of the 1965A ROMS.
Select one of the Operator Checks by pressing
Set Epa + ¡ee fa
Ena TE НОЕ 1 ca a = Ft >
E =
3
Es
i E:
LÉ TIM Test
Hamar
ROM CHECKESUM
Program Codes
Select one of the Operator's Checks.
PQ <code>
соае::== 1 Confidence Test
2 RAM Test
3 ROM Checksum
If the instrument passes any of the Operator's Checks, the "SET TEST advisory message is displayed on
the CRT.
If the instrument fails any of the tests, the advisory Fil TE isdisplayed onthe CRT and an error number
is displayed in the LED display.
if operating remotely, following the PQ command would be the 004 output command which sets up the 1980
to output error analysis information. When a controller read occurs, the 1980 returns data indicating either
PASSED or FAILED. Refer to ERROR MESSAGES (table 4} which includes LED and HP-IB codes for various
error conditions.
71
Response
Comments
72
Operator's Checks (Cont'd)
If a failure is detected by the Confidence Test, the operator should check that the proper 10 MHz source is
selected [1] MH: DEC: THT-ET1, complete a 1980 front pane! Balance and Delay Self Cal, and perform a
1965A front panel calibration. if the instrument still fails the Confidence Tests, it requires servicing.
If the instrument fails the RAM TEST, it might be usable, but it does require servicing.
if the instrument fails the ROM Checksum, it must be serviced.
After a Confidence Test has been executed, the 1965A performs a preset operation which leaves the 1965A
off.
The 1965A automatically performs a cal factor checksum test at instrument power up.
Error
Messages
Description Table 4 is a summary of the various 1965A error messages. Error messages are displayed in the LED sand may
also be read over the MP-1B using the 004 command. These messages are generated as a result of operator's
checks. Refer to Operator's Checks in this section.
Table 4. Hardware Error Codes
LED Code
HP-IB Code
(АЗС
004)
Error Description
24
63
93
42
47
67
RAM TEST FAILED
ROH CHECKSUM FATLURE (A4U11)
ROM CHECESUM FATLURE (A4U10)
CAL FACTOR CHECKSUM ERROR
73
Description
Advisory Messages
The 1965A generates advisory messages to indicate incorrect key entries, and special operating information,
The messages are displayed on the CRT in inverse video. They can also be reported via the HP-IB. The
advisories can be disabled if desired,
Table 5 lists the 1865A advisory messages and describes the conditions which cause them.
Indication When an error condition exists, the advisory will be displayed on the CRT.
Comments At power-on, the advisories are enabled as a default condition. Advisories may be disabled by entering the
1980A/B Calibrate and Utilities menu.
In remote operation, advisory messages can be programmed to issue a service request, This capability is
independent of whether the advisory display is enabled or disabled. The advisory messages for the 1965A can
be read via the HP-IB using the "006, Plug In Option Code” command. Refer to “Service Request Conditions”
Detailed Operating Instruction in this manual.
Table 5. Advisory Message Description
HP-IB Code
Advisory Message Description (006)
FATLET CAL — ¡ the instrument fails the hysteresis calibration. 1
TURM COLTER VIEW OFF — if attempting to digitize with the count view or arm view 2
waveform displayed.
MODE HOT UAL ITT — when selecting invalid modes, 3
LUTTER 1% CPF — selecting any counter keys when a valid counter function is not 4
selected. Also when selecting any non-function counter keys if in Auto or Events menus.
HEDET — when Auto-parameter measurement is aborted because of time out {30 seconds), 5
probably due to a repetition rate that i$ too iow or because of 3 1965A key closure during a
measurement.
SIGMA HOT FOLINT — if signal is not properly triggered when beginning an Auto- 6
parameters measurement.
LIMIT ERROR — if signal has too much DC offset or if signal is removed during an Auto- 7
parameter measurement,
Note
AC coupling MAIN and DLYD triggers is recommended for signals with DC offset,
74
ADDITIONAL HP-IB OPERATION
This section includes various HP-IB control commands which do not relate to front
panel use. Some of these commands, such as information output, are essential and .
must be understood in order to operate the 1965A from the bus.
INFORMATION QUTPUT
SERVICE REQUEST CONDITIONS
LEARN MODE
INITIALIZE COUNTER
MODULE OFF
KEY
Description
POT —
PO2 —
Various information/data (answers, setup, etc.) can be output to a controlíer from the 1980/1965A system. To
set up the 1965 to output the desired information, one of the information cutput commands must be executed
followed by one or more read operations. The 1965A's Information output command for each parameter is
described below,
LAST ANSWER — Sets up the 1985A to output the last answer (current displayed reading) when a controlier
read occurs.
NEW ANSWER — Instructs the 1965A to restart the counter and take a new measurement and “hold” the
answer until a controller read occurs. After the controller read, the 1965A wili begin cycling at its normal
update rate. M the controller read occurs before the new measurement is complete, the 1980/71 965A system
will “hold-up” the controiler on the present read command until the measurement is complete. Several
examples in the Programming Exampies section demonstrate the use of this command,
Note
If the measurement never completes, probably due to improper triggering, then the HP-IB
will be held up indefinitely. This can be remedied by using a TIME-QUT routine in the
program, whereby If any program line takes more time than a user specified time, then the
program can recover by executing device clear command.
An alternative to momentarily “hoiding-up” the bus with the read command is to execute a PO2 command and
program the controller to periodically monitor the 1980's status byte {serial poll) or read the 1980's status byte
once after an interrupt. The 1965A will generate a service request upon completion of a measurement after a
P02 command by setting bit 6 {value of 32} high on the 1980 status byte. if bit 6 is properly unmasked, then a
controller will detect this bit on a serial pol! operation {refer to SERVICE REQUEST CONDITION in the 1980
Operating and Programming Manual}. There are several 1965A conditions which wil set the plug-in option
request bit high, so the "Plug-In Option Status’ command (006) should be executed and a read performed to
enter the specific interrupt condition generated by the 1965A (refer to 1965A SERVICE REQUEST
CONDITIONS). A value of "32" returned to the controller indicates that the measurement is finished. APO1
command must then be executed in order to read the last measurement. Example #6 in Programming
examples section shows this method of inputting data.
If the user is certain that the only conditions which could possibly generate a "Plug-in Option Request’ are
“measurement finished’ or "measurement overflow", then upon detecting the "Plug-in Option Request” (bit
6 high in the 1980 status byte}, the controlier could immediately execute the read and receive the answer. An
answer of 9.9999. EQ is an indication of a hardware overflow condition,
Note
Never use the PO2 command to read answers forany of the TOTALIZE functions because the
PO2 command will reset the count. Use the POT command to read the TOTALIZE answer
either “on the fly” or after the STOP command (PES), which is recommended for accurate
answers. Example #8 in Programming Examples section demonstrates how this should be
accomplished.
75
76
РОЗ —
РО4 —
POS —
PO6 —
PO7 —
POS —
Information Output (Cont'd)
The PO2 command will not restart any of the auto-parameter measurements. PO1 and PO2
function alike when outputting auto-parameter information. When the controlier read
occurs, the 1980/1965A system will immediately return the answer if the measurement is
finished, or it will “hold-up” the controller until the current measurement is complete. To
reinitialize a new measurement, the PA# command must be executed once again, foliowed
by either PO? or PO2 anda read.
REFERENCE OFFSET — Tells the 1965A to output the current reference offset value to the bus.
T/DATE DATA — Tellsthe 1965A to output the current T/DATE data to the bus. This information is outputas a
string of 15 characters as follows: “ hh:mm DDMMMYY<CR>".
ARM DELAY — Tells the 1965A to output the current Arm Delay setting to the bus.
GATE WIDTH — Telis the 1965A to output the current Gate Width setting to the bus.
RESOLUTION SETTING — Telis the 1965A to output the current resolution setting to the busafter a controlier
read. This is useful indetermining the resolution setting while the counter is set up inthe AUTO-RESOLUTION
mode,
OUTPUT DATA SETTING
1 1 us or 1 average
2 100 us or 100 averages
3 10 ms or 10,000 averages
4 1 second or 1,000,000 averages
HYSTERESIS/OFFSET VALUES — Telis the 1968A to output the 16 values of trigger hysteresis and offset for
eight unique 1980 set ups. Example #9 in Programming Examples show how this may be accomplished. In
order to output alí 16 values, 16 read operations from the controller must be performed following the PO8
command. Hysteresis and offset values are in the units of divisions and are output from the 1980/1965A
system in the following order:
OFFSET (DLYD TRIG, -SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERESIS SETTING}
HYSTERESIS (DLYD TRIG, -SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (MAIN TRIG, -SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERESIS SETTING:
HYSTERESIS (MAIN TRIG, ~SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (DLYD TRIG, +SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (DLYD TRIG, +SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (MAIN TRIG, +SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (MAIN TRIG, +SLOPE, NORMAL HYSTERSIS SETTING]
OFFSET (DLYD TRIG, -SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (DLYD TRIG, -SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (MAIN TRIG, -SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (MAIN TRIG, -SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (DLYD TRIG, +SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (DLYD TRIG, +SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERSIS SETTING)
OFFSET (MAIN TRIG, +SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERESIS SETTING)
HYSTERESIS (MAIN TRIG, +SLOPE, HIGH HYSTERSIS SETTING)
DONDU BON
vas wrk md end eed wh wk
ON к оо №ю = ©
Information Output (Cont'd)
Procedure Send a command to select the desired output data, then address the 1980A/B to talk.
dr Program Codes
Select parameter value to be output:
PO <code>
code::= T Last Answer
2 New Answer
3 Reference Offset
4 Ciock Data
5 Arm Delay
6 Gate Width
7 Resolution Setting
8 Hysteresis/ Offset Values
Example Select reference offset value as data output.
REMOTE РО 3 <CR><LF>
(codes) identifier EOS
code
Comments The 1980/1965A outputs “E” (uppercase) as the delimiter between the mantissa and the exponent in
exponential value,
Table 6. Data Message Output Format
Variable Function Units Output Format
Last Answer Hz, s,or depends on resolution
counts i<sp> |-+n.dfd...]JEf<sp> | —]dd<CR><LF>
New Answer Hz, s,or depends on resolution
counts [<sp>|-In.dfd.. JEf<sp>1-]dd<CR><LF>
Reference Offset Hz, sor depends on resolution
counts {<sp>|-Indd..JE{<sp>|~}dd<CR><LF>
Clock Data Time <sp>HH:mm<sp> DDMMMYY<CR><LF>
Arm Delay 5 <sp>d.ddddEf<sp>|-)dd<CR><LF>
Gate Width $ <sp>d.ddddE f<sp>|-Idd<CR><LF>
Resolution Setting integer <sp>On<CR><LF> (value is 01-04
Hysteresis/ Offset Values divisions <sp>i+i-+dd.dd<CR><LF> (Offset hysteresis value)
77
Service Request Conditions
Description The 1965A has several conditions which may cause a Service Request to be issued. The plug-in option request
indication
Comments
78
bitisbit 6 (32) inthe 1980 statusbyte. Inorder for the controller to detecta 1965A service request, the interrupt
mask in the 1980 must be properly unmasked {IM32). Plug-in request information can be output to the
controller with a read via the OQ6 output command. Oniy the information from the most recent service request
condition is available. Plug-in request information is reset to “0” on power-on, when the HP-IB ADDRESS
MODE menu is displayed, or after à controller read of the information. Example #8 in Programming Examples
section demonstrates how to use the Service Request.
Note
it is not necessary to operate under interrupt in order to read service request conditions, The
controller may poll the plug-in request service information with 006 outputcommand atany
time,
Table 7 inciudes the HP-1B codes for the plug-in service request conditions.
When a Service Request Condition exists it is transmitted via the HP-IB to the controller.
The interrupt mask in the 1980A/8 is reset to “0” (no conditions enabled) at power-on and when the HP-IB
ADDRESS MODE menu is displayed.
The Service Request Condition and related sections of the 1980A/B Operating and Programming Manual
explain how to set the interrupt mask and read the Service Request message.
Hardware error codes may be output to a controller via the plug-in service request information output
command (OQ6) or via the 1980 advisory/error information output command (004). information codes are
different and it is recommended that the operator use the 0Q4 command as more information of error analysis
is available. Refer to Operator's Checks and Error Messages in Detailed Operating Instructions of this manual.
Fable 7. Service Request Conditions
Cont'd)
Service Request Condition HP-IB Code
(006)
Advisory Messages
PILLE CAL — H the instrument fails the hysteresis calibration. OT
FLIER CEH BTER TERN OFF — if attempting to digitize with the COUNT view or ARM view 02
waveform displayed.
MULE MOT LIL TEE — When selecting invalid modes of operation. 03
LOA [S OFF — Selecting any counter keys when a counter function is not selected. 04
Also when selecting any non-function counter keys if in Auto or Events menus.
HELIET — When an AUTO-parameter measurement is aborted because of a time out (30 05
seconds), due to too low repetition rate or because of a 1965A key closure during the
measurement.
SEL HOT FOLIO — If signal is not properly triggering when beginning an Auto- 06
parameter measurement.
LAI ERE — 1f signal has too much DC offset or if signal is removed during an Auto- О
parameter measurement.
Hardware Errors
LUNPFIDERCE TEST FRILED — LED display "Err -37" 11
REBT TEST PHTLET — LED display “Err -677 12
pO CHECEZLN FRTLURE — LED display “Err -167 or “Err -217 13
Timer Information
Timer Alarm — programmed timer setting is equal to the clock time. 21
Measurement Information
Measurement Overflow — When one of the internal 32 bit counters overflows. 31
Measurement Finished is in response to an output answer command, PO2. This can be 32
used to signal the controller when a measurement has been completed. After using an
“OQ6” to read the status, a "PO 1" must be used to read the answer and restart the counter.
79
Learn Mode
Description The 1965A has “LEARN” capability which uses the HP-IB controller memory to store 1 965A configurations
Procedure
Comments
80
controller learns). Alternately, the controller can use a previousiy learned and stored set-up to reteach the
1 965A. This can be very useful in manualiy setting up several unique measurements and then using thestored
set-ups in an automatic test program which can quickly step through the measurements,
The LEARN MODE command (PL} is similar to the INFORMATION QUTPUT command (POR), in thatit sets up
the 1965A to output defined information/data when a controller read occurs. When the controller iearns a
1965A set-up, it receives a character/data string 46 bytes long, which should be stored as a string variable.
To teach the 1965A a previously learned set-up configuration, the controller must output the stored string
variable to the 1980/1965A system. The 1980 will recognize that the string is a 1965A set-up from the first
two characters in the string, which is a unique "Plug-In Signature”,
The 1965A LEARN MODE pertains to 1965A set-ups only. Most counter measurements depend upon 1980
set-ups as well. To LEARN and TEACH entire 1980/1965A set-ups, the 1980's LEARN mode (TE) must be
executed as well, with its 80 byte character/data string stored as a separate variable. Example #7 in
Programming Examples demonstrates the use of the 1980's and 1965's Learn Mode.
The learn string is transferred as binary data between the 1965A and the HP-IB system controller.
Program Codes
Command the 1965A to output a iearn string:
PL
Then address the 1980A/Btotalk. The 1965A learn string comprises 46, 8 bit bytes, End-of-String is indicated
by setting the ECI bus control line true with the 46th byte.
To configure the 1965A using learn mode, send a previously acquired learn string as a Data message:
<46 byte string><CR><LF>
The Learn String includes only those parameters that can be stored in the instrument's internal Save/ Recall
registers; the contents of the Save/Recall registers, however, are not included in the Learn String. Refer tothe
“Save/Recall” Detailed Operating instruction in the 1980A/B Operating and Programming Manual for
information about register limitations.
Note
The 46th byte of the Learn String is sent with the bus EO! line true to indicate end-of-string.
When the Measurement System is addressed to listen, the binary data can be returnedtoitin a 46 byte string.
The Measurement System interprets the first two bytes to determining thatthis is a learn string. Following the
46th byte, the transfer must be terminated with <CR>, and <LF>. When the <LF >is received, the instrument
changes state according to the Learn String contents.
Learn Mode (Cont'd)
Note
During the transfer of the Learn String, the instrument should not be readdressed. Hit is, the
transfer will be aborted, The 46 byte string should be sent or read by the controller using a
technique that does not readdress bus devices.
The Learn String should not be mixed with any other HP-IB command on the same programming line.
The 1865A Control Knob information is not contained in the 1965A learn string; the 1965A Control Knob
information is part of the 1980 learn string.
81
Description
Procedure
Example
Indication
Comments
82
Initialize counter is a command to set the 1965A to the Frequency function, Unarmed mode, A SOURCE to
Initialize Counter
MAIN TRIGGER, Resolution to automatic.
Initialize the 1965A
Program Codes
Execute 1968BA initialize
Pl
Initialize the 1965A.
REMOTE
{codes}
identifier
PI<CR> <LF>
EOS
The 1965A changes to the Frequency function, unarmed mode, Trigger Source A to MAIN TRIG, and Auto
Resolution.
Initialize sets the 1965A to a known “starting point” for further commands.
Description
Procedure
Example
Comments
Module Off
Shuts down the operation of the 1965A by turning off all functions that are selected, including the clock and
timer.
Turn the 1965A off.
Program Codes
Set the 1965A to off.
PMO
Set the 1965A to off.
REMOTE
(codes!
identifier
PMO <CR> <LF>
EOS
When the Module OffCommandis sent, the 1 965A is set to the same conditions as if an initialize command (Pi)
is executed, then the 1965A is turned off.
83
Control Knob
Description The Control Knob is used to change the value of variable function parameters, The knob is assigned to a
Procedure
84
variable function by pressing the corresponding key. As the knob is rotated, the value is immediately changed.
The Control Knob is a stepping control; either coarse or fine step resolution can be selected. In coarse, the
speed of the knob rotation affects the step size so that changes can be quickly made. Fine provides vernier-like
control where step size is set for maximum resolution.
Accidental changes to parameters can be prevented by selecting hold mode. In hold, the knob is notassignedto
any variable function.
The Control Knob can be assigned to variable functions via the HP-IB. in this special case, the knob is enabled
for local operation even if the 1880A/B is in remote mode. This allows the selected function to be adjusted
from the front panel, while all other keys and functions remain in remote.
To assign the Control Knob to a 1965A function, press the corresponding variable function key.
To toggle the Control Knob between FINE and COARSE step resolution, press
To select HOLD mode, press | 9 . Exit by assigning the Controf Knob to a variable Function.
Program Codes
Assign the Control Knob to a 1965A variable function and set step resolution:
PY <entry>|,<mode>|
Entry == © HOLD
ARM DELAY
2 GATE WIDTH
md
mode = 0 Coarse
1 Fine
ENT TA
An Tn Da
MATIAS
Control Knob (Cont'd)
Example Assign the Control Knob to Gate Width function, fine step resolution.
LOCAL
(keys)
REMOTE PY 2,1 <CR> <iF>
(codes) identifier — L kos
code step
Indication The Control Knob assignment is indicated by lighting the corresponding variable function key. Also, the LED
readout displays the parameter value of the function.
The LED readout displays HOLD to indicate hold mode is selected. if the Control Knob is rotated while in hold,
the advisory CONTROL KNOB IN BOLD is displayed.
s lighted when FINE is selected,
Comments The Control Knob defaults to HOLD mode when the 1980A/8 makes the remote-to-local transition.
Executing Autoscope or Selective Autoscope assigns the Control Knob to main sweep.
Executing preset (MP-1B IN) in remote or local mode assigns the Control Knob to trace intensity.
85
Description
Procedure
Example
Indication
86
Key
The remote operator can simulate the pressing of front panel keys using the key {PK} command. Although every
operating function is addressable using the primary command set, the key command can be used as an
alternative.
Send a series of key codes in the same order as keys would be pressed in tocal operation.
Program Codes
Enter a key sequence:
PK <code>, <code>]...
code: = integer
dd
Key codes are listed in tables 8 and 9.
Execute the keystroke sequence to select the FREQ mode, then select AUTO Resolution.
REMOTE PK B3:KY7:PK72 <CR> <LF=>
(codes) dentifier — e EOS
key codes
Note
KY code must be used for shift (Blue) Key.
The PK and KY commands execute as front-panel keystrokes. The same indications result as in focal operation.
Although the PK command is interpreted as a keystroke, it does not affect the “lastkey code” instrument status
qualifier. Refer to Instrument Status (002) in the Detailed Operating instructions in the 1980 Operating and
programming manual.
If the last key code is read when no key has been pressed since power-on, the code “64” is output by the
1980A/38.
Key (Cont'd)
Table 8. TI65A Counter Key to PK Code Conversion Table
ASCH
Code Key
ASCH
Code
ASCH
Code Key
ascu |
Code Key
79 A/B SOURCE)! 85
con.
82 “ac (B SOURCE) 89
"RESOLU
71 yin: 72
83
73
86
. TIMER ©
ser 77
T/DATE
User + 76
OSC probe 91
“RESET
78 Ames 84
87 TIMER probe 92
MAN OBERT
88 све (А SOURCE) 80 ano 74
90 5 A SOURCE)| 81
Table 8. PK Code to 19654 Counter Key Conversion Table
ASCII
Code
Key
ASCH
Code
Key
ASCII
Code
Key
ASCII
Code
Key
71
PORTE.
76 SENDO
81
№ А SOURCE)
86
TE
CAE
“EVENTS:
7 87 Fenn
83 88 wen
84 | me 89 | e (B SOURCE)
77 Ten 82
73 78
74 79
MANE. АН: AUTO
80 “sais: (À SOURCE) 85 ве (B SOURCE) 90 ESMERO
91 OSC probe
92 TIMER probe
87
88
NOTES
CLOCK/TIMER
This section of the Detailed Operating instruction contains all the information needed to
operate the battery backed reai time clock and the 50 alarm timer.
Time/ Date and Timer Control
Description Controls the display and set functions of the real time clock and the control and set functions of the timer,
Procedure
When the T/ DATE function is active, the time and date output of the clock is displayed on line three of the CRT
in the format: hour, minute, day, month, year. To set the time and date, the set menu may be selected.
The TIMER function is an alarm feature that may have up to 50 sequential times programmed. Ifthe TIMER is
on (front panei TIMER key is lighted) and an alarm time is satisfied, the TIMER will produce an SRQ over the
bus, a TL. puise wii! be generated at the TIMER BNC output, and the key sequence operation programmed into
the TIMER Probe Tag will be initiated if the PLOT/SEQUENCE ROM is installed and activated. All times mustbe
in sequence from 1 to 50. Each time the timer is turned on, it will start at the first {#1} time that is programmed
in the fifty time buffer,
When using the timer with more than one time, the user should be careful notto do a preset, a PMO {MODULE
OFF} or reenter the TIMER SET menu as these will all reset the timer pointer to the first (41) time in the
programmed buffer, which may not be the desired action.
: DATE
To toggle the clock display on and off, press * ts
To start and stop the timer function, press jar
, DATE : TMER
To enter the set clock or set timer menu, press | , then the ser OF | 4er - as desired. Then select the menu
function to be changed and rotate the Control Knob for desired reading displayed in inverse video.
Program Code
PC<mode> <status> | <setting>|
ll
1/DATE
TIMER
Sequence ROM Actuation {if installed)
mode; =
WN
status:= © off
1 on
2 Set Clock or Timer {not applicable if mode three
“Sequence ROM Actuation” was selected.)
|
F1, F2
РТ = year, month, day, hour, minutes
setting:
F2 = time#, day, hour, minute, time#,...
89
Time/ Date and Timer Control (Cont'd) —
Example Set the clock time to 9:53 PM on May 18, 1999.
FOCAL ST/DATE:
( Keys) rH BEY
114 4 BAD LA LEE :
Bow en ut TA E IA eta
5 17 Tél FR ER r rai 11 cs Tuna? ay
ERE
En
RA EA A MEY Hi
FAT +
és té 15 PR CE
Tn Bo apm
E ИРА
ЗТНЕТ
REMOTE PC 1, 2, 83,05,18,21,53 <CR> <LF>
{codes} identifier——— | EQS
mode status Date/Time
SO
Example
Comments
Control (Cont'd)
Set the timer to time out on the 3rd of the month at 10:15 PM and on the 4th of the month at 1:30 AM.
LOCAL TE
{keys)
DET dd: DIE
5 TY RA AA THEY CT
Le mE EA DAY 2 LES
PERLITE cee A BF 1 1
e TES TIME HUT
De Be E MS TEO 04
EEE TE ie LIO Ex Pe à EH
PAE RET bid FEE ow 0 TRY 8 [4
REMOTE PC 2, 2, 1,3,22,15,2,4,1,30<CR><LF>
{codes) identifier | L FEOS
mode 1st Time 2nd Time
status
The timer is now set. It must now be turned on by sending the HP-IB command, PC 2,1 or by pressing e
H day is set to O via the HP-1B or te “ALL” manually, then the timer is enabled every day. If time # is set to Ô via
the bus, then all current settings are cleared.
When the settings are cleared, the day will be displayed as “O”. This is the reset condition and prevents that
time from ever matching the clock. With the day set to “All”, a match will be made every day.
When setting the timer over HP-1B, be sure that the timer is turned off prior to executing the set.
91
92
NOTES
HP-IB SUMMARY
This section contains a summary of the HP-IB program codes and format information,
HP-IB CODES AND FORMAT SUMMARY
General input Data Message Format:
<program code>[; <program code>|...[.]<CR>]<LF>
format rules: The 1980A/B HP-IB sends and receives Data messages in standard ASCII code,
<LF> is used as the End-of-String (EOS) message for all input Data messages.
If several program codes are sent in a Data message, all but the last must be delimited by a semicolon {;),
Program codes consist of a two-character identifier {prefix} and a parameter field containing zero, one, or
several parameters.
Unsigned parameters are interpreted as positive values.
In integer parameters, leading zeroes may be omitted.
Multiple parameters within a program code are delimited by a comma (,}.
ri ra
The character “E” or ’e” is used to delimit the mantissa of exponential parameters.
Exponential parameters may be entered in scientific or engineering notation,
In Data messages, spaces (<sp>) are permitted only following program code identifiers and parameter
delimiters.
The maximum Data message length is 127 characters including: <CR>, <LF> <SP>, comma, and semicolon,
The instrument cannot be unaddressed during input or output Data message transfers. If the instrument is
unaddressed and then readdressed, the data transfer is aborted and a syntax error is reported.
All valid program codes for the Gated Universal Counter are listed in Table 11. Specific format requirements and parameter
descriptions are included,
General Output Data Message Format:
<sp><setting value><CR><LF>
During Learn String outputs, the instrument sets the EO! bus control fine true with the last character of the stringto indicate
end of string. All other output Data messages use <LF> for the EOS message,
Table 11 includes specific descriptions of output Data message format.
93
94
Table 3-10. Program Code Prefix Function Quick Reference
Events: Functions.
Frequency. Function
Hysteresis ( Control
A Lear ar п Me о de e Ao
| M odul e o“ E - { - - ; - > i
“Reference Offset Ня So
: Information Output UA ce
“Period. Function - ie . i
Operator's 8. Checks. | о
Resolution | |
Source $ Selection SE
Time Interval Function 5
Upda ate Display. ; i 9 Ke a ; RE
View | Selection E
Gate Width
Oscillator $ Source ne
“ Control Knob ST
TE Coun nter Reset
A ие CODE E (ASCH)
Table 11. Program © odes : and Format Summary _
== = FUN N ст! o N
AUTO FUNCTIONS’ 3
Rise Time CHT
Fail Time. CHT.
Pulse: Width: CH 1
Duty Cycle CH1::
“Prop-Delay CH1— Cha.
pe Phase- Shift
“channel 1 Toor fee
Channel 2 or. 27 1
CLOCK AND TIMER
TA DATE - o
Timer DN IAN
/ Sequence A ROM Actuation. TES - 3 =
o“ |
“set, clock or timer:
“set. clock and date |
sen timer”.
oben RESET |
“CONTROL KNOB 0)
= (Assign. control knob: E
1 Do y mi
Gn Width
“EVENTS. Le
> select function:
А GATED)
E “A DURING в.
GATE: WIDTH -
Hold
SAT Delay
“toarse steps
“fine steps
E TOTALIZE A
© TOTALIZE A 18
CL TOTALIZE AB
+ TOTALIZE START
5 TOTALZE STOP
“set. arming mode: НЫ
“UNARMED ›.
ARM ED
“GATED
FR EQU ENCY
ARM ED:
“GATED-
SE 7 modern we a
A о status re
г 5 setting na
- o Y = ету mode]
a © pea function: > с = Ar mi i n ng y Mode e
: 5 De : ce tone пеной =
CAUNARM ED i SA
e enter r gate width: vs Lei
© fu add de édite. JrejeN
20 обе 0.9.999. 999 9999s:
“year, month, friday hour: min:
“aime# day, hour, min, timer.
lop te to 50, times}: ;
24
“2°
37
A
AB
es
SF
AB.
Arming? Mode
с ad o :
e me ode = = . o 2
м value - *— exponentil
Tia deidd.d; ddd.
“200 ns 1099999 seconds
greatest value must be<10 seconds
PO <code> 3
47
CA.
2
“ido Il
ES: “resolution
od “LEARN/TEACH: MODE. PL
SN ‘specify 1 learn string output:
а <q 2 configure à He 19654 7
HE using the: earn string:
REFERENCE OFFSET
i RESOLUTION -
{i - Automatic E = Ч я © + godess с A
ОД crus ord average SU
A 400 HS, or. 100 averages
E10 ms or 10,000 averages -
CF}. Л sof A 0004 000. averages
Am delay E
“Gate: width"
a Ep Sr oi JEj<sp=ir 1da<CR==1F57 -
a “<sp>HH; MM sb ODMMMYY <CR=<LF="- о
“<sp>d. ddddii=sp=1}dds CR LES e
A Een man SCRE FR 000
BE spit |= “lad dd “CR Sere, 1+
: So KY <code> 4 <code>).
“pode integer.
3 EDS = EOL bus -
e line true’.
Note: | The i Learn Strinig n must be transferred
without sending UNL or UNT:
“| MODULE € OFF emo N DE BE 0 MAT, nie ET
en ‘OSCILLATOR’ SOURCE: PX source”
… cu | ; “internal 30; MHz time base: “source г: = 4 La
En a То CA “external | input | Ei О во 2 5 5 a БАЛ РАДА
o TEE FEI | + “RAM Test: в 37 Na Te “a = GEN SR LIA,
; Select step resolution: E TE ¡ROM Checksum. ERE 3 UE A
Er Mia To НЕ = Si - 3 = SE ETES TER PER 10D FUNCTION
SEN E В - E | Unarmed -
1 Gated В Мл Le 5 ; ; ; 3 | N o я - 3 | - - 2. se В 5 E EE
pps mode
PN status >, <reference 3
Clear reference
Find. JEL did =
4 00 ptunitsi to “11
9.998 909 99 9 £6 io
E = PA: = code > ©
reno о
PS. < source/A 1, < sou urceiB) oe
. : me < m mode: > То
PE RE EEE | || vrpate rate WENN |
41 no Wait tor. ‘Update 5
Views off
“Count View с:
E jada das “cn > “Lf
Ч à COUNTER pL se SET gt o © i SE EEE
МИА : A - : “valid key codes. are: ; Do
AH 8 listed in. table. 3- 4. A e 19 >
output fei 46 en bir bres 5 и - Le
В Lore bye string: ><CR> >< “Ls с A
Ds status > OA À + a a ; ; ; - a AS
ni Sel Ref= Answer SEN a Bi Е a Tue : : : © os - , o
ei Ser Reference as defined ne . ЗВ Eu : 5 5 e NT
TA source == BR IA 5 = A © ; 3
| 4 delayed trigger e o in? oo Cn
jettent) Ho in AITANA
+ {| me morenva | NN
HYSTERESIS € CONTROL PH<status> CR e A e НА a $ Armed Min NARA a DIA A
Могла! ‘Hysteresis |
= “Double Hysteresis" Pas
E Hysteresis. Cal Ti
“INFORMATION OUTPUT
select information: output В
last answer
new. answer.
reference: oser ; |
clock data -
НЕ code: e Он CES TEE RENE
RE PS e . = ‚normal. 172s waitfor update a E E RRO - Ma TA
- E “form ma. CH. TAR DD ES ПО
Ma e: view SELECTION . -
95
Table 12. 19654 Counter Key to PK Code Conversion Table
os probe
NOTATION CONVENTIONS AND DEFINITIONS
The following conventions are used in this manual in descriptions of remote (HP-I3) operation:
<> Angular brackets enclose descriptive words that are used to symbolize a program code parameter or an HP-IB
command.
E “is defined as”. For example, <A> == <B> indicates that <A> can be replaced by <B> in any statement
containing <A>,
| Square brackets indicate that the enclosed items are optional,
When several items are enclosed by braces, one and only one, of these elements must be selected.
“or: indicates a choice of exactly one element from a list. For example, <A>| <B> indicates <A> or <B> but
not both.
An ellipsis (trailing dots) is used to indicate that the preceding element may be repeated one or more times.
The following definitions are used:
96
d::= À single ASCH numeric character, 0-9,
n= A single ASCII nonzero, numeric character, 1-9.
<iF>;= ASCH linefeed { decimal 10}.
<CR>:;= ASCH carriage return {decimal 13}.
<ESP>::= ASCII space {decimal 32},
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES
This section gives several example programs demonstrating 1965A measurements
executed over the HP-iB. All of the programs were written on the HP9826/36
controller in BASIC 2.0. in order to become acquainted with programmingthe 1965A,
these programs may be executed using the 1980's calibrator signal from the rear
panel. Other inputs may work, however, program modifications may be required for
proper signal conditioning.
Example 1: FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT (USING “PO2”’)
This program takes measurements using the “PO?” command. The “PO?” command restarts the 1965A, takes one
measurement, and then waits until the answer is read by the controller before releasing the counter for further
measurements.
10 OUTPUT 707;"as:spfo"
20 OUTPUT 707;"poz2"
30 ENTER 707;F
40 DISP "Frequency ="sF3 "Hz"
50 GOTO 290
50 END
Line # Description
10 Performs an AUTOSCOPE to get signal on screen and then sets 1965A to FREQUENCY -UNARMED (pfO).
20 Tells 1 965A to restart, take one measurement, and hold the answer until prompted by a read from the controller,
30 Reads the answer into variable В. if the 1965A has not completed the measurement initiated in line 20, the
controller wii! wait at this line until the measurement is completed.
40 Displays the answer on the controller screen.
50 Repeats to take another measurement.
60 End of program.
97
Example 2: GATED TIME INTERVAL MEASUREMENT
in this program, Time interval Gated is used. in the GATED mode the start of the measurement is enabled after the beginning
of the delayed sweep {the intensified marker} and the end of the measurement is enabled after the end of the delayed sweep.
By setting the delayed sweep with ARM DELAY and GATE WIDTH, the time interval is gated so that the measurement is made
from the 2nd rising edge of Main Trigger to the 4th rising edge of Main Trigger.
Line #
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110-120
130
98
10 BUTPUT 707: Tas:pp0O:pcri:
20 BUTPUT 7087; %po2®
30 ENTER 707:P
40 QUTPUT 707 USING "ZA,D.DDESZZ*" : ms", .DXxp
> QUTPUT 707; *hm2"
60 QUTPUT 707 USING *28,D.DD0DESEIZ” ; "nd" ,. 75%P
70 DUTPUT 707 USING *24,D.DDDDESZZ* "pw" ,2%P
30 QUTPUT 707: nt2spr0sp=1,1spv1"
90 OUTPUT 707; * рог *
109 ENTER 767351
118 PRINT "Time interval from 2nd rising edge"
120 PRINT “Lo 4th rising edge =*;T;%sec”
130 END
Description
Performs an AUTOSCOPE to set up 1980, turns 1965 on to PERIOD UNARMED {pp0}, and selects Sample Time
of 1 us {prt}. The period of the signal will be used for iater setups.
Starts a PERIOD measurement and tells the 1965A to output the answer when a controller read occurs.
Reads the period into variable P.
Sets the main sweep of the 1980 to get 5 periods of the signal on screen (5 periods desired + TO horizontal
divisions of screen x P (measured period}). The USING statement formats the data as follows:
2A — 2 characters {for mnemonic).
D.DD — 3 digits with decimal point.
ESZZ — Exponential notation with signed 2 digit exponent,
Selects horizontal mode to INTENSIFIED to turn on the delayed sweep. This is done so that ARM DELAY and GATE
WIDTH can be used.
Sets ARM DELAY to 3/4 of a period so the beginning of delayed sweep {intensified portion) occurs before the 2nd
rising edge of the signal.
Sets GATE WIDTH to 2 periods so the end of the delayed sweep will occur after the 3rd rising edge and before the
4th rising edge of the waveform,
ipt2} Sets the 1965A to TIME INTERVAL GATED. The measurement will begin on the first trigger after the
beginning of the delayed sweep, and end on the first trigger after the end of the delayed sweep.
iprO} Sets the RESOLUTION to automatic. The 1965A selects an optimum resolution for this measurement.
{ps1,1} Sets the A SOURCE (start! to main trigger and the B SOURCE stop) to main trigger.
Main trigger was set to the rising edge by the AUTOSCOPE in line 10.
ipvli Turns on COUNT view so that the operator may verify the counting interval.
Takes a TIME INTERVAL measurement and telis the 1965A to output the answer when a controller read of
the bus occurs,
Reads the answer into variable T.
Displays the result on the controller screen.
End of program.
Example 3: PULSE WIDTH MEASUREMENT USING TIME INTERVAL ARMED
This program uses Time Interval Armed to make a puise width measurement. This differs from the previous program in that
the start and stop of the measurement are both enabled after the beginning of the delayed sweep {the intensified marker}. In
addition, the slope on delayed trigger is set to faifing, therefore the measurement is made from the first rising edge of MAIN
TRIG after the beginning of the delayed sweep to the first falling edge of DLYD TRIG after the beginning of the delayed sweep.
Line #
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
10 QUTPUT 7907: "as:pplspri"
20 QUTPUT 707; "poz"
30 ENTER 707; P
40 QUTPUT 707 USING “ZA,D.DDESZ2< : "ms", .2XP
50 GUTPUT 707;"hm2"
69 QUTPUT 707 USING "*2A,D.DDDDESZZ" 3 "pd", St
70 QUTPUT 707;"ptiispr0sps1.2.pv1*
20 BUTPUT 707;"mt0,0:dt-6,0"
90 QUTPUT 707:"po2"
100 ENTER 70757
119 PRINT “Pulse width ="sT: "sec"
129 END
Description
Performs an AUTOSCOPE to set up 1980, turns 1965A on to PERIOD UNARMED (pp0;, and selects a Sample
Time of 1 us {pr1}. The period of the signal will be used for iater setups.
Starts a PERIOD measurement and teiis the 1965A to output the answer when a controller read occurs.
Reads the period into variable P.
Sets the main sweep of the 1980 to get 2 periods of the signal on screen (2 periods desired + 10 horizontal
divisions of screen X P (measured period)). The USING statement formats the data as follows:
2A — 2 characters {for mnemonic).
D.DD — 3 digits with decimal point.
£8Z7 — Exponential notation with signed 2 digit exponent.
Selects horizontal mode to INTENSIFIED to turn on the delayed sweep. Thisisdone so that ARM DELAY and GATE
WIDTH can be used. Also, the delayed trigger source will be used, which requires that the delayed sweep be on.
Sets ARM DELAY to 8/10 of a period to enable the start of the measurement after the 1st falling edge and
before the 2nd rising edge.
(pt2} Sets the 1965A to TIME INTERVAL ARMED. The measurement will begin on the first trigger of
the A SOURCE after the beginning of the delayed sweep (the intensified portion}, and end on the first trigger of
the B SOURCE after the beginning of the delayed sweep.
'pr0) Sets the RESOLUTION to automatic so the 1965A will choose an optimum resolution for this measurement.
ipst,2) Sets the A SOURCE (start) to main trigger and the B SOURCE {stop} to delayed trigger.
(pvl) Turns on COUNT VIEW so that the user may verify the counting interval.
ImtO,0) Sets main trigger to rising edge.
(dt-0,0! Sets delayed trigger to falling edge.
Takes a TIME INTERVAL measurement and tells the 1965A to output the answer when a controller read of the
bus occurs.
Reads the answer into variable T.
Displays the result on the controller screen.
End of program.
99
Example 4: AUTO PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS
This program shows how the different auto parameter measurements can be made over HP-IB, When performing auto
parameter rise time and fall time measurements, the overshoot + undershoot must not exceed 10% of the peak-to-peak value
of the signal. See the Specifications section and Detailed Operating instructions for further detaiis.
Line #
10
20
30-40
50
60-70
80
90-100
110
190 OUTPUT 797: %as"
20 QUTPUT 7073 "pnai,1:;po1“®
30 ENTER 707:4A
40 PRINT "RISE TIME =*:A:"nec"
70 QUTPUT 707; "pa2:po1"
50 ENTER 707:A
78 PRINT "FALL TIME ="sA- "nec"
20 ООТРЫТ 707; "ра; рой я
30 ENTER 7073A
100 PRINT "PULSE WIDTH ="; А; "бес *
110 END
Description
Performs an AUTOSCOPE to set up waveform.
Performs a RISE TIME measurement on channel 1 and then tells the 1965A to output the final answer when
a read of the bus occurs,
(A “pol” is used here since all Auto-parameter measurements are “single shot”, and therefore the displayed
answer will remain in the display buffer until a new measurement is performed. A PO2 could have been used with
identical results.
Reads the answer into À and prints it on the CRT.
Performs a FALL TIME measurement on channel 1 and then tells the 1965A to output the final answer when
a read of the bus occurs.
Reads the answer Into A and prints it on the CRT.
Performs a PULSE WIDTH measurement on channel 1 and then tells the 1965A to output the final answer when
a read of the bus occurs.
Reads the answer into A and prints it on the CRT
End of program,
Example 5: PULSE WIDTH MEASUREMENT USING TIME INTERVAL UNARMED
AND REFERENCE OFFSET
Some Time Interval measurements on complex waveforms may require utilizing the Unarmed mode in a two part
measurement. Triggering the 1980 may require a sync pulse for main trigger; therefore, only delayed trigger is available for
any timing measurements upon the compiex puise string. The following is an example of a pulse width measurement,
illlustrating the technique that would be used if the waveform under measurement were a complex waveform. The
measurement is made from the beginning of main sweep {0 the beginning of delayed sweep. The delayed sweep mode is set
to the TRIG'D mode. The slope on delayed trigger is then changed to falling and a second measurement is taken. Since the
reference is subtracted internally, the final answer is the time between the rising and falling edges.
100
Note
The 1980 setup technique demonstrated in this example {lines 10 through 40} would not
apply for complex waveforms.
10 QUTPUT 707;"as;ppO;pr1"
20 OUTPUT 707;"po2"
30 ENTER 707;P
40 QUTPUT 707 USING "2A,D.DDESZZ'; "ms", . BP
50 OUTPUT 707; *hm2sdmi"
50 OUTPUT 707 USING "28,5D.DDDPDESZZ*; "pd'",, 75xP
70 OUTPUT 707;"pt0;pr@;pvui"
89 QUTPUT 707;"poz2"
90 ENTER 707
100 OUTPUT 707; "pni"
110 DUTPUT 707:"dt-09,0"
120 OUTPUT 707; "pnox"
1.50 ENTER 707:T
140 PRINT "Hidth of 2nd puise =“;,f;"5ec"
150 END
Line # Description
10 Performs an AUTOSCOPE to set up 1980, turns 1965A on to PERIOD UNARMED {ppÔ}, and selects a Sample
Time of 1 us {prt}. The period of the signal will be used for later setups.
20 Starts a PERIOD measurement and tells the 1965A to output the answer when a controller read occurs.
30 Reads the period into variable P.
40 Sets the main sweep of 1980 to get 3 periods of signal on screen {3 periods desired + 10 horizontal divisions of
screen X P {measured period.
The USING statement formats the data as follows:
2A — 2 characters {for mnemonic).
D.DD — 3 digits with decimal point.
ESZZ — Exponential notation with signed 2 digit exponent.
50 thm2) Selects horizontal mode 10 INTENSIFIED to turn on the delayed sweep so that ARM DELAY can be used,
{dm1) Sets delayed sweep mode to TRIGD so that delayed sweep will begin at a trigger point.
60 Sets the ARM DELAY to 3/4 of a period to end the measurement at the 2nd rising edge.
70 {pt0) Sets the 1965A to TIME INTERVAL UNARMED,
Note: This measurement starts at the beginning of main sweep and stops at the beginning of delayed
sweep {the start of the intensified marker). We used (dm!) in line 50 to insure that the beginning of
delayed sweep would be at the trigger point of delayed trigger.
{prO} Selects auto-resolution.
(ру! } Turns on COUNT view so that the user may verify the counting interval.
80 The 1965A restarts the measurement and outputs the answer when a controller read occurs.
90 Reads the first time interval, but the data is not stored. This measurement data will never be used. This step is
required in order to guarantee that a valid answer is ready to be used as a reference offset.
100 Sets the reference to the currently displayed answer.
110 Sets the delaved trigger source to falling.
120 Restarts counter and sets up for output.
130 Reads the 2nd answer into T. The reference is subtracted from the answer before displaying, therefore, the
number read will be the time from the rising to the failing edge of the 2nd pulse.
140 Prints the answer on the controller screen.
150 End of program,
101
Example 6: MAKING MEASUREMENTS USING INTERRUPT
The “PO2” command is also useful for making measurements under interrupt, since it sends a Request For Service to the
controller when the measurement it initiates is complete {if the SRQ's have been property unmasked {line 10}}). The advisories
were unmasked in the program below to show how two {or more} different conditions can be handled at the same time.
When using the "P02" command, the program would normaily have to wait at the READ {enter} until the answer is ready. The
method used in this example frees the controller while the measurement is being taken.
Line #
10
20
30
50
60
70
80
90
100
110-120
102
10 QUIPUT 707; im40"
20 ON INTR 7 GOSUB Srg
30 ООТРЫТ 707; * р? О; ргО; рог *
40 DISP "HAITING FOR ACTION"
50 ENABLE INTR 732
&0 GOTO 60
70 Sra: !
80 BEEP 2009,.02
30 A=SPOLL C707)
109 iF BINHANDCA,9) THEW
110 DISP "Advisory of Error”
120 WAIT 4
1,30 END IF
140 IF SGIMANDCA,32) THEN
150 OUTPUT 707;"og5"
160 ENTER 707;Flag
170 IF Flag=31 THEN DISP "Measurement Uverfiow"
180 IF Flag=52 THEN
190 DUTPUT 707; * рой *
200 ENTER /07sfreag
210 DISP "Freguency =*":sFreg
226 END IFR Y iRead freguency?>
230 END IF L1936058 interrupt?>
240 DUTPUT 707/;"po2"
250 ENABLE INTR 7
260 RETURN
270 END
Description
Sets 1980 interrupt mask to unmask 1985A interrupts (bit 8,{32)) and unmask advisories (bit 4,181),
Refer to 1980 Operating Manual, Service Request Conditions for information concerning the other bitg in the
interrupt mask.
Designates routine to jump to when an interrupt on select code 7 occurs.
Turns 1965A on to FREQUENCY UNARMED (pfO), selects auto resolution (prO), and restarts 1965A to perform
a measurement {poZ;. The “po2” command wili generate an SRO when the measurement is finished,
Enables service request interrupts (2) on select code 7.
Waits for interrupts here. This could be modified so that other operations could be performed while waiting for
the answer, such as asking the user for input or setting up another instrument,
Start of interrupt routine.
Beeps to indicate an interrupt has been detected.
Reads the 1980 interrupt status into À so that the program can determine the type of interrupt.
Checks bit 3 to see if an Advisory or Error caused the interrupt {the user may have pushed a key which would
cause a SCOPE UNDER REMOTE CONTROL advisory}.
Displays this condition and hoids display for 1 second.
140
150
160
170
180
190
200-210
240
250
260
270
Checks bit 5 to see if the 1965A has interrupted.
If yes, then it sends an “og6” command to setup output of the specific 1865A interrupt condition.
Reads the 1365A interrupt number into the variabie Flag.
If Flag=32, this indicates a valid end of measurement.
(For other conditions and their associated code, see the SRQ section of this manual).
If it was “end of measurement”, then tell T965A to send its current dispiayed answer when a read of the bus
occurs.
Reads the answer into the variable Freq and dispiays.
Restarts the 1965A and tells it to send another SRQ when done with the measurement,
He-enables interrupts on 7 {see line 50}.
Return from interrupt.
End of program.
Example 7: THE LEARN MODE
The learn mode is one of the easiest ways to set up the 1965A. A learn string consists of 46 8-bit bytes thatcompletely define
the 1965A configuration. When saving the setup of the 1965A, the 1980 setup should also be saved.
Line #
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
90
100-110
120
130
19 DIM Learn _89$[801],Learn 6581461
20 QUTPUT 707;"te"
30 ENTER 707 USING "#,80Af*;Learn_30$%
40 QUTPUT 707;"p1"
50 ENTER 707 USING "sx. 450" :L earn_b5S
60 BEER
70 LOCAL 707
30 DISP "Mess-up scope, then CONTINUE to restore"
30 PAUSE
100 QUTPUT 707/;Learn_808$
118 DUTPUT 707:Learn 65%
120 DISP "Configuration restored"
130 END
Description
The dimension statement reserves storage space in memory for the string variables Learn_80$ and Learn_65$.
The TE” command instructs the 1980 to output its learn string.
Reads the configuration of the 1980 into the 80 bytes of Learn. 80$. The image specífier “E, 80A” allows the
input of 80 characters, suppressing binary data which appears to be carriage return and line feed as terminators.
The "PL" command instructs the 1965A to output its learn string.
Reads the configuration of the 1965A into the 46 bytes of Learn 655.
Beeps to fet user know configuration has been saved.
Returns scope to local So user can press keys.
Pauses to allow user to “mess up” the configuration.
Restores original! state of the 1980/1965A.
Dispiays final message.
End of program.
Note: Menu status is not saved in the {earn strings.
103
Example 8: TOTALIZE USING OUTPUT DISPLAY (“РОТ”)
The pol” command is useful for reading the display buffer without disturbing the current measurement. When performing
totalize measurements a pol” must be used instead of “poz” since the latter will reset and halt the measurement,
Line #
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
10 QGUTPUT 707:"as"
20 QUTPUT 707;"pe4"
36 QUTPUT 707;"pe/"
40 OUTPUT 707:"no01"
50 ENTER 707:Fvents
50 IF Eventa<i0000 THEN 40
78 OUTPUT 707;"peg"
30 QUTPUT 70/7:"poi"
30 ENTER 707:Events
100 ВЕЕР 2000,.5
118 END
Description
Performs an AUTOSCOPE.
Selects TOTALIZE A function,
Starts the measurement. The display should now change with each trigger event.
Tells the 1965A to output the answer in the display when a controller read occurs.
Reads the current display. (This does not affect current measurement in progress).
Checks the value against an upper limit of 10,000 and loops back for another read if less.
Stops the measurement, (The value in the display will not equaí the limit value because of handshake time on
the HP-13 bus).
Tells the 1865A to output the final answer in the display when a controller read occurs.
Reads the current and final answer in the display.
Beeps to let the user know that program is over.
End of program. {At this point some other operation could be performed which is conditional on the completion
of the totalize measurement above}.
Example 9: READING THE OFFSET AND THE HYSTERESIS OF THE SYSTEM ( PO8”)
The ‘po8” command is used to read the internal offset and hysteresis ofthe 1965A/1 980 system. After the “po8” command
is executed, 18 reads are performed to enter the 16 different values.
Line #
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
104
19 DIM HC16)
20 QUTPUT 707; "РОВ
39 FOR I=1 TO 16
40 ENTER 707;HC13 |
50 PRINT "НС"; 1; "= НСТ)
50 NEXT 1
70 END
Description
Dimensions the array H( to hold the 16 different offset and hysteresis values.
Tells the 1965A to output the 16 values. One value will be output for each read.
Beginning of loop to read the information.
Reads a hysteresis or offset value.
Prints a label and a value.
Repeats the loop until ali 16 values have been read.
End of program.
Appendix A
TIME INTERVAL SPECIFICATIONS
Counter time interval specifications are notoriously confusing because of their complexity. As an example, this is the worst
case time interval error for the 1965A including error due to trigger level setting:
|+
Least Significant Digit Noise Error + Time Base Error + Hysteresis Error + Systematic Error + Trigger Leve! Error.
; 10 ns
— Hof Averages
V 10.02 dív X Input SenstAl2 + en? x \М 10.02 div X Input Sens(Bi2 + en?
Ш (Slew Rate of A) X Y £ of Averages © (Slew Rate of B} X 7 # of Averages
+ {Time Base Error) X (Time interval)
(Hysteresis+2) X (input Sens{A} (Hysteresis+2) X (Input Sens(B)}
Ш i Slew Rate of À | (Slew Rate of B
+ SYS ERR
(£3% of TLIA) = 0.4 divi X {Input Sens(A}) (+3% of TLIB) + 0.4 div} X (input SensiBH
(Slew Rate of Aj (Slew Rate of B
After understanding counter specifications, the need for the various components which make up a complete set of
specifications becomes obvious. To the knowledgable user, it is fairly easy to omit various compenents of a specification to
arrive at a worst case error analysis, We have simplified the matter by presenting the user with a set of graphs so that he may
do a graphical interpolation to obtain a specification. The time interval specification has been divided into three major areas:
Resolution, Time interval Accuracy, and Trigger Level Error. Each of these is discussed to give the user a better feel for the
various components of the entire specification, and how to eliminate certain components under various conditions. In
addition, we have given techniques on how to compensate for and minimize some of the error components.
105
TIME INTERVAL RESOLUTION
The time interval resolution specification is made up of two components:
+10 ns START TRIG ERROR # STOP TRIG ERROR
Resolution = + ;
VV # of Averages y # of Averages
The first component is the least significant digit (LSD) which is derived from the 1965A's system clock (TO ns) and statistical
averaging. This is the predominant component for fast rise time signals as the graphs 10 the right show,
The second component to time interval resolution is the effective rms noise of the 1880's trigger circuitry, which is referred to
as Noise Error NE].
START TRIGGER ERROR | STOP TRIGGER ERROR
V # of Averages a \/ # of Averages
Vv (0.02 div X INPUT SEN AR + en? N \ 10.02 div X Input Sen Bi2 + en?
(Siew Rate of A} X y # of Averages (Slew Rate of B) x y/ # of Averages
assuming input noise (en} is negligible,
(0.02 divi X {Input Sensitivity {A} й (0.02 div) X (Input Sensitivity (B}}
— (Slew Rate of A) X Y # of Averages — (Slew Rate о? В) x y E of Averages
Hf slew rate of A = slew rate of BR, then
VE y 2 X 10.02 div) X {Input Sensitivity)
© (Slew Rated) X \/ # of Averages
For slow rise/fall time signals, error due to effective rms noise of the 1980's trigger circuitry is the predominant component in
the time interval resolution specification.
The worst case rms noise specification is 0.02 divisions for both the main and delayed triggersinthe 1980. The resultant error
may be reduced by making the input signal conditioning more sensitive {make Volits/Div less). For example, if the input
sensitivity is set at 2 mV /div, then the effective rms noise is 40 uV.
A method for reducing the effective rms noise error is to engage HIGH FREQ REJECT onthe 1980 for either or both MAIN and
DLYD triggers. This limits the 3 dB bandwidth of the trigger circuitry to approximately 30 kHz, so thistechnigue is useful only
in low frequency applications,
The actual rms noise for any 1980A/B is probably much less than 0.02 divisions. This may be measured by following the
setup and directions as given in appendix B of this manual.
106
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Much of the Trigger Level Error and also error due to hysteresis (Trigger Level Timing Error) canbe minimized. The 1 365A has
a feature which can be accessed over HP-IB to measure and output to the user trigger levei offset and hysteresis for various
conditions. This information can be used to compensate a trigger ievel setting so that actual triggering takes place closer to
where the user desires if to be.
4 TRIGGER PT. (fire) N ARM PT.
Le
TRIGGER LEVEL © y
TRIGGER LEVEL
offset offset
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Hysteresis = {Trigger PT — Arm Pt|
Offset = Trigger Lvl — Hys/2
FOR POSITIVE SLOPE: FOR NEGATIVE SLOPE:
ТР = TL- OS + HYS-2 IP=TL-08-HYS-2
then, for triggering at desired trigger point, then, for triggering at desired trigger point,
TL{to set) = TP{desired} + 05 - HYS+2 TLito set) = TPi{desired} + OS + HYS—2
Example number nine in Programming Examples shows how to input the various values of trigger level offset errors and
hysteresis. These values are in units of divisions and are stored in the variables HIT] through H[16]. If the user wanted to
compensate the main trigger level for a rising slope { _/™ | with a NORMAL hysteresis setting, H[7] gives the offset value and
HIB] gives the hysteresis value. Refer to Information Output (POB8) in the ‘Additional HP-IB Control” section of the Detailed
Operating Instructions.
Assume the foliowing:
1. User wants to trigger a 0.5 volts
Main trigger assigned to channel 1 /MT=CH1!
Channel 1 is set to 200 mV/div
Offset, H 7 = 0.25 divisions
Hysteresis, HIB] == 0.18 divisions
п В о ю
H
then, Trigger point desired = 0.5 V/{200 mV/div) = 2.5 div
Trigger level to set = 2.5 div + H[7} - H8|+2
H
2.5 div - 0.25 div 0.08 div
= 27 6 divisions.
111
TIME INTERVAL ACCURACY WITH TRIGGER LEVEL ERROR
Although most time interval specifications do not include the error due to the uncertainty in setting trigger levels, for a true
worst case error analysis, this error component must be added to the time interval specification.
Note
Trigger level error does not apply for common source measurements (MAIN to MAIN, or
DLYD to DLYDI.
The following four graphs show the worst case time interval error, including error due to trigger level settabitity. Locate the
appropriate graph according to the number of averages selected. If the input rate is known in volt/ us, simpiy move up on the
ACC.
Avg».
mS
1 авы 5
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