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CONNECTION TO POWER MAINS toWer-V/toWer-H
DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY PRIOR TO ANY OPERATIONS WITH THE UNIT.
CONNECTION OF THE UNIT TO POWER MAINS IS ALLOWED BY A QUALIFIED
ELECTRICIAN WITH A WORK PERMIT FOR THE ELECTRIC UNITS UP TO 1000 V AFTER
CAREFUL READING OF THE PRESENT USER’S MANUAL.
THE RATED ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE UNIT ARE GIVEN ON THE
MANUFACTURER’S LABEL.
ANY TAMPERING WITH THE INTERNAL CONNECTIONS IS PROHIBITED
AND WILL VOID THE WARRANTY.
• The unit is rated for connection to power mains with the parameters specified in the "Technical specifications” section, according to the wiring diagram.
• The connection must be made using insulated conductors (cables, wires). The actual wire cross section selection must be based on the maximum load current, maximum conductor temperature depending on the wire type, insulation, length and installation method.
• The unit should be connected to the fixed wiring system in compliance with current regulations.
Connection to power mains should be made inside the terminal box located on the fan casing, according to the wiring diagram and terminal designation. The terminal designations are shown on the label inside the terminal box. Fan electrical data is shown on the label on the fan casing.
Depending on modification, the fan motors can have no in-built thermal protection. This should be taken into account when choosing a motor starter or a contactor.
ACCESS TO THE TERMINAL BLOCK TOWER-V
ACCESS TO THE TERMINAL BLOCK TOWER-H
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Power supply parameters and examples of wiring diagrams depending on the unit model
Wiring diagram 1: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 190 2E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 220 2E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 225 2E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 225 4E,
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 250 2E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 250 4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 280 4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 310 2E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 310
4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 355 4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 400 4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 400 6E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 450 4E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 450
6E. Depending on modification, the fans can have thermal contacts. Then it is necessary to use the wiring diagram 5 instead of the wiring diagram 1.
Wiring diagram 2: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 355 4D.
Wiring diagram 3: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 310 4D, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 400 4D, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 450 4D, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 500 4D,
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 560 4D.
Wiring diagram 4: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 710 6D.
Wiring diagram 5: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 500 6E, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 560 6E.
Wiring diagram 6: TOWER-V/TOWER-H 500 6D, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 560 6D, TOWER-V/TOWER-H 630 6D.
Q F
Q F Q F
L 1 L 1
L L L 1 L 1 L 2 L 2
L 2 L 2 L 3 L 3
N
N L 3 L 3
P E
P E P E
T k T K
T k T K
1 2 3
Q F Q F
Q F
L
L
P E
T
T
L
2
3 k k
1
T K
T K
L 1
L 2
L 3
L
N
P E
T k
T k
L
N
T K
T K
L 1
L 2
L 3
P E
T k
T k
U 1
V 1
W 1
W 2
U 2
V 2
T K
T K
4 5 6
WIRING DIAGRAM DESIGNATIONS:
L(x): phase; N: neutral; QF: automatic circuit breaker; PE: protective ground wire; TK: motor thermal protection contacts.
Model
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 190...250 2E
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 310 4E
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 355 4E
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 400...450 4E
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 500...560 6E
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 310...450 4D
TOWER-V/TOWER-H 500...710 6D
Recommended rated current of the automatic circuit breaker [A]
1
1.6
4
2.5
1
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Recommended cable, nxS, where n is the number of wires, and S is the cross section in mm2
3x0.5
3x0.5
3x1.0
3x1.0
5x0.5
5x1.5
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toWer-V/toWer-H
ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR STARTING METHODS
There are several methods for starting asynchronous squirrel-cage electric motors.
The most common methods are: direct-on-line (DOL), with a soft starter (SS) or with a frequency converter (FC).
Direct-on-line starting
In case of direct-on-line starting (i.e. by connecting the motor to the electric mains with a simple line contactor), the motor starting time significantly increases due to high inertia of the impeller, which, in turn, results in high in-rush starting currents in the circuit. These currents of long duration may cause voltage slumps (especially if the feed line section falls short of the requirements), which may affect load operation.
The in-rush current consumed by an electric motor in case of DOL starting is 5-8 times larger than the rated value (or even 10-14 times larger in some rare instances). It should be noted that the torque developed by the motor also significantly exceeds the rated value.
Upon energisation the motor operates as a transformer with a squirrel-cage secondary winding formed by the rotor cage with a very low resistance.
The rotor develops high induced current causing a rush of current in the feed line.
The startup torque during starting averages 0.5-1.5 of the rated torque value.
Despite such advantages as simple construction, high startup current, quick start and low cost, direct-on-line systems are suitable only in the following cases:
• the motor power is low compared to the mains power which limits the adverse effect of the rush of current
• the driven mechanism does not require gradual speed build-up or is equipped with a damping device to smooth out the inrush
• the high startup torque has no adverse effects on the operation of the driven mechanism
Soft start. SS starting.
A soft starter gradually increases the voltage supplied to the motor – from the initial to the rated value.
This starting system can be used to meet the following goals:
• limit the motor current
• regulate the torque
Regulation by limiting the current sets the maximum in-rush current equal to 300-400 % (or 250 % in some rare instances) of the rated current and reduces torque characteristics. This type of regulation is especially suited for turbomachinery such as centrifugal pumps and fans.
Regulation by variation of torque optimizes the torque during startup and reduces in-rush current in the circuit. These conditions are suitable for mechanisms with constant load resistance.
This type of soft starting may differ in the implementation pattern:
• motor start
• motor start and stop
• device bridging at the end of start sequence
• start and stop of several motors in stage circuits
Soft start. FC starting.
During the starting the FC raises the frequency from 0 Hz to the electrical mains frequency (50 or 60 Hz). As the frequency is increased gradually, the motor can be assumed to operate at its rated speed for a given frequency value. Furthermore, on the assumption that the motor runs at its rated speed the nominal torque should be immediately available whereas the current will be approximately equal to the rated value.
This starting system is used for speed control and regulation and can be used in the following cases:
• start with high-inertia load
• start with high load and limited-capacity power supply source
• optimization of electric power consumption depending on turbomachinery speed
The aforementioned starting system can be used for all types of mechanisms.
MAKE SURE THAT THE FAN IMPELLER ROTATES IN THE DIRECTION MARKED BY THE
ARROW ON THE FAN CASING.
IF NECESSARY, CHANGE THE IMPELLER ROTATION DIRECTION BY ALTERING THE PHASE
SEQUENCE ON THE ELECTRIC MOTOR TERMINALS.
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