STMicroelectronics TDA7381 Datasheet

TDA7381
4 x 25 W quad bridge car radio amplifier
Datasheet  production data
Features
■
High output power capability:
– 4 x 30 W/4  max.
– 4 x 25 W/4  EIAJ
– 4 x 18 W/4  @ 14.4 V, 1 kHz, 10 %
– 4 x 15 W/4  @ 13.2 V, 1 kHz, 10 %
■
Clipping detector
■
Low distortion
■
Low output noise
■
Standby function
■
Mute function
■
Automute at min. supply voltage detection
■
Diagnostics facility for:
– Clipping
– Out to GND short
– Out to VS short
– Thermal shutdown
'!0'03
Flexiwatt25
–
–
–
–
Description
The TDA7381 is a class AB audio power amplifier
in Flexiwatt25 package designed for car radio
applications. Thanks to the fully complementary
PNP/NPN output configuration the TDA7381
allows a rail to rail output voltage swing with no
need of bootstrap capacitors..
■
Low external component count:
– Internally fixed gain (26 dB)
– No external compensation
– No bootstrap capacitors
■
Protections:
– Output short circuit to GND, to VS, across
the load
– Very inductive loads
– Overrating chip temperature with soft
thermal limiter
Table 1.
Load dump voltage
Fortuitous open GND
Reversed battery
ESD protection
The extremely reduced components count allows
very compact sets. The on-board clipping
detector simplifies gain compression operations.
The fault diagnostics makes it possible to detect
mistakes during car-radio assembly and wiring in
the car.
Device summary
Order code
Package
Packing
TDA7381
Flexiwatt25
Tube
September 2013
This is information on a product in full production.
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
1/15
www.st.com
1
Contents
TDA7381
Contents
1
Block / application diagram and pins connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . 5
2
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3
Electrical characteristcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4
Printed circuit board and component layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Application hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1
Biasing and SVR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2
Input stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3
Standby and muting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.4
Diagnostics facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.5
Stability and layout considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2/15
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Electrical characteristcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
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List of figures
TDA7381
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
4/15
Block and application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Pins connection diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Standard test and application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Components and top copper layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Bottom copper layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Input/output biasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Diagnostics circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Clipping detection waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Diagnostics waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
An example of circuit able to distinguish between the two occurrences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Flexiwatt25 mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
Block / application diagram and pins connection
diagram
Figure 1.
Block and application diagram
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Pins connection diagram (top view)
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
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5/15
Electrical specifications
TDA7381
2
Electrical specifications
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
Operating supply voltage
18
V
VCC (DC)
DC supply voltage
28
V
VCC (pk)
Peak supply voltage (t = 50 ms)
50
V
Output peak current:
Repetitive (duty cycle 10 % at f = 10 Hz)
Non repetitive (t = 100 s)
3
4
A
A
Power dissipation, (Tcase = 70 °C)
80
W
Tj
Junction temperature
150
C
Tstg
Storage temperature
-40 to 150
C
VCC
IO
Ptot
2.2
Thermal data
Table 3.
Thermal data
Symbol
Rth j-case
2.3
Parameter
Thermal resistance junction to case
max.
Value
Unit
1
°C/W
Electrical characteristcs
VS = 14.4 V; f = 1 kHz; Rg = 600 ; RL = 4 ; Tamb = 25 °C;
Refer to the test and application circuit (Figure 3), unless otherwise specified.
Table 4.
Symbol
Iq1
VOS
Gv
Po
Po EIAJ
Po max
6/15
Electrical characteristcs
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Quiescent current
-
-
180
300
mA
Output offset voltage
-
-
-
100
mV
Voltage gain
-
25
26
27
dB
THD = 10 %
16.5
18
-
W
THD = 1 %
13
14
-
W
THD = 10 %; VS = 13.2 V
13.5
15
-
W
Output power
THD = 1 %; VS = 13.2 V
11
12
-
W
EIAJ output power
(1)
EIAJ (VS = 13.7 V)
23
25
-
W
Max. output power
(1)
VS = 13.7 V
28
30
-
W
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
Table 4.
Symbol
Electrical specifications
Electrical characteristcs (continued)
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Po = 4 W
-
0.04
0.3
%
"A" Weighted
-
50
-
V
Bw = 20 Hz to 20 kHz
-
65
150
V
50
65
-
dB
THD
Distortion
eNo
Output noise
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 100 Hz
fcl
Low cut-off frequency
-
-
20
-
Hz
fch
High cut-off frequency
-
75
-
-
KHz
Ri
Input impedance
-
70
100
-
K
CT
Cross talk
f = 1KHz
50
70
-
dB
ISB
St-by current consumption
St-by = LOW
-
-
100
A
VSB out
St-by out threshold voltage
(Amp: ON)
3.5
-
-
V
VSB IN
St-by in threshold voltage
(Amp: OFF)
-
-
1.5
V
Mute attenuation
VO = 1 Vrms
80
90
-
dB
VM out
Mute out threshold voltage
(Amp: play)
3.5
-
-
V
VM in
Mute in threshold voltage
(Amp: mute)
-
-
1.5
V
Im (L)
Muting pin current
VMUTE = 1.5 V; (source current)
5
10
16
A
ICDOFF
Clipping detector "OFF"
output average current
THD = 1 % (2)
-
100
-
A
ICDON
Clipping Detector "ON"
Output Average Current
THD = 10 % (2)
100
240
350
A
AM
1. Saturated square wave output.
2. Diagnostics output pulled-up to 5 V with 10 k series resistor.
Figure 3.
Standard test and application circuit
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Electrical specifications
2.4
TDA7381
Printed circuit board and component layout
Referred to Figure 3: Standard test and application circuit.
8/15
Figure 4.
Components and top copper layer
Figure 5.
Bottom copper layer
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
Application hints
3
Application hints
3.1
Biasing and SVR
As shown by Figure 6, all the TDA7381’s main sections, such as Inputs, Outputs and ACGND (pin 16) are internally biased at half supply voltage level (Vs/2), which is derived from
the supply voltage rejection (SVR) block. In this way no current flows through the internal
feedback network.
The AC-GND is common to all the 4 amplifiers and represents the connection point of all the
inverting inputs. Both individual inputs and AC-GND are connected to Vs/2 (SVR) by means
of 100 k resistors.
To ensure proper operation and high supply voltage rejection, it is of fundamental
importance to provide a good impedance matching between INPUTS and AC-GROUND
terminations.
This implies that C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 capacitors have to carry the same nominal value and
their tolerance should never exceed ±10 %.
Besides its contribution to the ripple rejection, the SVR capacitor governs the turn ON/OFF
time sequence and, consequently, plays an essential role in the pop optimization during
ON/OFF transients. To conveniently serve both needs, its minimum recommended value
is 10 F.
3.2
Input stage
The TDA7381’s inputs are ground-compatible and can stand very high input signals
(± 8 Vpk) without any performances degradation. If the standard value for the input
capacitors (0.1 F) is adopted, the low frequency cut-off will amount to 16 Hz.
3.3
Standby and muting
Standby and muting facilities are both CMOS-compatible. If unused, a straight connection to
Vs of their respective pins would be admissible.
Conventional low-power transistors can be employed to drive muting and standby pins in
absence of true CMOS ports or microprocessors. R-C cells have always to be used in order
to smooth down the transitions for preventing any audible transient noises. Since a DC
current of about 10 A normally flows out of pin 22, the maximum allowable muting-series
resistance (R2) is 70 k, which is sufficiently high to permit a muting capacitor reasonably
small (about 1F). If R2 is higher than recommended, the involved risk will be that the
voltage at pin 22 may rise to above the 1.5 V threshold voltage and the device will
consequently fail to turn OFF when the mute line is brought down.
About the standby, the time constant to be assigned in order to obtain a virtually pop-free
transition has to be slower than 2.5 V/ms.
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
9/15
Application hints
3.4
TDA7381
Diagnostics facility
The TDA7381 is equipped with a diagnostics circuitry able to detect the following events:
●
Clipping in the output stage
●
Overheating (thermal shut-down proximity)
●
Output misconnections (OUT-GND and OUT-Vs shorts)
Diagnostics information is available across an open collector output located at pin 25 (fig. 8)
through a current sinking whenever at least one of the above events is recognized.
Among them, the Clipping detector acts in a way to output a signal as soon as one or more
power transistors start being saturated.
As a result, the clipping-related signal at pin 25 takes the form of pulses, which are perfectly
syncronized with each single clipping event in the music program and reflect the same
duration time (Figure 8).
Applications making use of this facility usually operate a filtering/integration of the pulses
train through passive R-C networks and realize a volume (or tone bass) stepping down in
association with microprocessor-driven audioprocessors.
The maximum load that pin 25 can sustain is 1 k. Due to its operating principles, the
clipping detector has to be viewed mainly as a power-dependent feature rather than
frequency-dependent. This means that clipping state will be immediately signaled out
whenever a fixed power level is reached, regardless of the audio frequency.
Figure 6.
Input/output biasing.
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10/15
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
Application hints
Figure 8.
Clipping detection waveforms.
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In other words, this feature offers the means to counteract the extremely sound-damaging
effects of clipping, caused by a sudden increase of odd order harmonics and appearance of
serious intermodulation phenomena. Another possible kind of distortion control could be the
setting of a maximum allowable THD limit (e.g. 0.5%) over the entire audio frequency range.
Besides offering no practical advantages, this procedure cannot be much accurate, as the
non-clipping distortion is likely to vary over frequency.
In case of overheating, pin 25 will signal out the junction temperature proximity to the
thermal shut-down threshold. This will typically start about 2°C before the thermal shutdown threshold is reached.
As various kind of diagnostics information is available at pin 25 (clipping, shorts and
overheating), it may be necessary to operate some distinctions on order to treat each event
separately.
This could be achieved by taking into account the intrinsically different timing of the
diagnostics output under each circumstance. In fact, clipping will produce pulses normally
much shorter than those present under faulty conditions.
An example of circuit able to distinguish between the two occurrences is shown by
Figure 10.
Figure 9.
Diagnostics waveforms
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Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
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Application hints
3.5
TDA7381
Stability and layout considerations
If properly layouted and hooked to standard carradio speakers, the TDA7381 will be
intrinsically stable with no need of external compensations such as output R-C cells. Due to
the high number of channels involved, this translates into a very remarkable components
saving if compared to similar devices on the market.
To simplify pc-board layout designs, each amplifier stage has its own power ground
externally accessible (pins 2,8,18,24) and one supply voltage pin for each couple of them.
Even more important, this makes it possible to achieve the highest possible degree of
separation among the channels, with remarkable benefits in terms of cross-talk and
distortion features.
About the layout grounding, it is particularly important to connect the AC-GND capacitor (C5)
to the signal GND, as close as possible to the audio inputs ground: this will guarantee high
rejection of any common mode spurious signals.
The SVR capacitor (C6) has also to be connected to the signal GND. Supply filtering
elements (C7, C8) have naturally to be connected to the power-ground and located as close
as possible to the Vs pins.
Pin 1, which is mechanically attached to the device’s tab, needs to be tied to the cleanest
power ground point in the pc-board, which is generally near the supply filtering capacitors.
Figure 10. An example of circuit able to distinguish between the two occurrences
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Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
'!0'03
TDA7381
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Figure 11. Flexiwatt25 mechanical data and package dimensions
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Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
13/15
Revision history
5
TDA7381
Revision history
Table 5.
14/15
Document revision history
Date
Revision
Changes
12-Oct-1999
5
Initial release.
27-Jun-2008
6
Document reformatted.
Document promoted from preliminary data to datasheet.
Added Table 1: Device summary.
Added ECOPACK description in Section 4: Package information.
26-Jul-2012
7
Updated Figure 9: Diagnostics waveforms on page 11.
16-Sep-2013
8
Updated Disclaimer.
Doc ID 4947 Rev 8
TDA7381
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