STMicroelectronics LM224A Datasheet
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LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Datasheet
Low-power quad operational amplifiers
QFN16 3x3
TSSOP14
SO14
Product status link
LM124 , LM224x , LM324x
Product reference
Part numbers
LM124
LM224x
LM324x
LM324, LM324A,
1. Prefixes: LM1, LM2, and LM3 refer to temperature range
2. Suffix A refers to enhanced Vio performance
3. Suffix W refers to enhanced ESD ratings.
Features
• Wide gain bandwidth: 1.3 MHz
• Input common mode voltage range includes ground
• Large voltage gain: 100 dB
• Very low supply current/amplifier: 375 µA
• Low input bias current: 20 nA
• Low input voltage: 3 mV max.
• Low input offset current: 2 nA
• Wide power supply range:
– Single supply: 3 V to 30 V
– Dual supplies: ±1.5 V to ±15 V
Related products
• See TSB572 and TSB611 , 36 V newer technology devices, which have enhanced accuracy and ESD rating, reduced power consumption, and automotive grade qualification
• See LM2902 and LM2902W for automotive grade applications
Description
The LM124 , LM224x and LM324x consist of four independent, high gain operational amplifiers with frequency compensation implemented internally. They operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages.
Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low-power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.
DS0985 - Rev 8 - September 2019
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
1 Pin connections and schematic diagram
Figure 1. Pin connections (top view)
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Pin connections and schematic diagram
QFN16 3x3
Output 1 1
Inverting input 1 2
Non-inverting input 1 3
4
Non-inverting input 2 5
Inverting input 2 6
Output 2 7
+
-
-
+
-
+
+
-
14 Output 4
13 Inverting input 4
12 Non-inverting input 4
11 V
CC
-
10 Non-inverting input 3
9 Inverting input 3
8 Output 3
TSSOP14/SO14
1.
The exposed pads of the QFN16 3x3 can be connected to VCC- or left floating
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 2/22
DS0985 - Rev 8
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Pin connections and schematic diagram
Figure 2. Schematic diagram (LM224A, LM324A, LM224W, LM324W, one channel)
Figure 3. Schematic diagram (LM124, LM224, LM324, one channel) page 3/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
V
V
P
CC
V i id tot
Supply voltage
Input voltage
LM224A, LM324A, LM224W, LM324W
Input voltage
LM124, LM224, LM324
Differential input voltage
Power dissipation: D suffix
Output short-circuit duration (2)
Storage temperature range
Parameter
I in
T stg
T j
Maximum junction temperature
R
R thja thjc
Thermal resistance junction to ambient
Thermal resistance junction to case
QFN16 3x3
TSSOP14
SO14
QFN16 3x3
TSSOP14
SO14
LM224A, LM324A
LM224W, LM324W
LM124, LM224, LM324 ESD
CDM: charged device model
1. Neither of the input voltages must exceed the magnitude of (V
CC
+ ) or (V
CC
).
2. Short-circuits from the output to V
CC
can cause excessive heating if V
CC
> 15 V. The maximum output current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of V
CC
. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous short-circuits on all amplifiers.
3. This input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP transistor becoming forward biased and thereby acting as an input diode clamp. In addition to this diode action, there is also an NPN parasitic action on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op amps to go to the V
CC
voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time during which an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output starts up again for input voltages higher than -0.3 V.
4. Short-circuits can cause excessive heating. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shortcircuits on all amplifiers. These are typical values given for a single layer board (except for TSSOP which is a two-layer board).
5. Human body model: 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device, done for all couples of pin combinations with other pins floating.
6. Machine model: a 200 pF cap is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω), done for all couples of pin combinations with other pins floating.
Value
±16 or 32
-0.3 to V
CC
+ 0.3
-0.3 to 32
32
400
Infinite
50
-65 to 150
150
45
100
103
14
32
31
800
700
250
100
1500
Unit
V mW mA
°C
°C/W
V
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 4/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
Symbol
V
CC
V
ICM
T
Oper
Supply voltage
Common-mode input voltage range
Tamb= 25 °C
Common-mode input voltage range
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
Table 2. Operating conditions
Parameter
Single supply
Dual supply
Operating temperature range
LM124
LM224
LM324
Value
3 to 30
±1.5 to ±15
0 to V
CC
- 1.5
0 to V
CC
-2
-55 to 125
-40 to 105
0 to 70
Unit
V
°C
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 5/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Electrical characteristics
3 Electrical characteristics
Table 3. V
CC +
= 5 V, V
CC -
= ground, V o
= 1.4 V, T amb
= 25 °C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
V io
LM224A,
LM324A,
LM224W,
LM324W
Parameter
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
Min.
Typ.
2
Max.
3
5
V io
LM124,
LM224,
LM324
I io
I ib
Input offset current
Input bias current
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
LM124
LM224
LM324
LM124
LM224
LM324
2
2
2
20
5
7
7
9
20
40
100
200
A vd
SVR
I
CC
V icm
Large signal voltage gain, V
CC +
= 15 V,
R
L
= 2 kΩ, V o
= 1.4 V to 11.4 V
Supply voltage rejection ratio,
R s
≤ 10 kΩ,
V
CC +
= 5 V to 30 V
Supply current, all amps, no load
Input common mode voltage range
CMR
I source
Common mode rejection ratio,
R s
≤ 10 kΩ
Output current source, V id
= 1 V
I sink
Output sink current, V id
= -1 V
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C, V
CC
= 5V
T amb
= 25 °C, V
CC
= 30 V
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
, V
CC
= 5 V
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
, V
CC
= 30 V
V
CC
= 30 V, T amb
= 25 °C
V
CC
= 30 V, T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
V
CC
= 15 V, V o
= 2 V
V
CC
= 15 V, V o
= 2 V
V
CC
= 15 V, V o
= 0.2 V
50
25
65
65
20
10
12
0
0
70
60
100
110
0.7
1.5
0.8
1.5
80
40
20
50
1.2
3
1.2
3
28.5
28
70
Unit mV nA
V/mV dB mA
V dB mA
µA
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 6/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Electrical characteristics
Symbol
V
V
OH
OL
SR
GBP
THD
High level output voltage, V
CC
R
L
= 2 kΩ
= 30 V,
High level output voltage, V
CC
= 30 V,
R
L
= 10 kΩ
High level output voltage, V
R
L
= 2 kΩ
Low level output voltage, R
Slew rate
Gain bandwidth product
Total harmonic distortion
L
CC
= 5 V,
= 10 kΩ
Equivalent input noise voltage
Parameter
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
T amb
= 25 °C
T min
≤ T amb
≤ T max
V
CC
= 15 V, V i
= 0.5 to 3 V,
R
L
= 2 kΩ, C
L
= 100 pF, unity gain
V in
V
CC
= 30 V, f = 100 kHz,
=10 mV, R
L
= 2 kΩ, C
L
=100 pF
V f = 1kHz, A v
= 20 dB, R
L
= 2 kΩ, o
= 2 V pp
, C
L
= 100 pF, V
CC
=30 V f = 1 kHz, R s
= 100 Ω, V
CC
= 30 V
Input offset voltage drift
Min.
26
26
27
27
3.5
3 e n
DV io
DI io
V o1
/V o2
Input offset current drift
1 kHz ≤ f ≤ 20 kHZ
1. V o
= 1.4 V, R s
= 0 Ω, 5 V < V
CC
+ < 30 V, 0 < V ic
< V
CC
+ - 1.5 V
2. The direction of the input current is out of the IC. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so there is no load change on the input lines.
3. The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3 V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is (V
CC
+ ) - 1.5 V, but either or both inputs can go to 32 V without damage.
4. Due to the proximity of external components, ensure that there is no coupling originating from stray capacitance between these external parts. Typically, this can be detected at higher frequencies because this type of capacitance increases.
Typ.
27
28
5
0.4
1.3
0.015
40
7
10
120
Max.
20
20
Unit
V mV
V/µs
MHz
30
200
% nV/√Hz
µV/°C pA/°C kHz
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 7/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Electrical characteristic curves
4 Electrical characteristic curves
Figure 4. Input bias current vs. temperature
24
21
18
15
12
9
6
3
0
-55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 6. Input voltage range
Figure 5. Output current limitation
Figure 7. Supply current vs. supply voltage
Figure 8. Gain bandwidth product vs. temperature Figure 9. Common-mode rejection ratio
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 8/22
Figure 10. Open loop frequency response
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Electrical characteristic curves
Figure 11. Large signal frequency response
Figure 12. Voltage follower pulse response Figure 13. Output characteristics (current sinking)
Figure 14. Voltage follower pulse response (small signal) Figure 15. Output characteristics (current sourcing)
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 9/22
Figure 16. Input current vs. supply voltage
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Electrical characteristic curves
Figure 17. Large signal voltage gain vs. temperature
Figure 18. Power supply and common mode rejection ratio vs. temperature
Figure 19. Voltage gain vs. supply voltage
160
120
80
40
0 1 0 20 3 0
P O S I T I V E S U P P LY V O LTA G E ( V )
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 10/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Typical single-supply applications
5 Typical single-supply applications
Figure 20. AC coupled inverting amplifier
R f
100 kΩ
C
I
R1
10 kΩ e
I
~
V
CC
R2
100 kΩ
1/4
LM124A
R
B
6.2 kΩ
R3
100 kΩ
R f
R1
(As shown A
V
=- 10)
C o e
0 o
R
L
10 kΩ
2V
PP
C1
10µF
Figure 22. AC coupled non inverting amplifier
C1
0.1 µ F e
I ~
R1
100 kΩ
C
I
R2
1 MΩ
1/4
LM124A
R
B
6.2 kΩ
(
A = 1 + R2 as shown A
R1
V
= 11)
C o e o
0
R
L
10 kΩ
R3
1 MΩ
C2
10 µ F
R4
100 kΩ
R5
100 kΩ
V
CC
2 V
PP
R1
10 kΩ
Figure 24. Non-inverting DC gain
10 kΩ
1/4
LM124A e
O
A
V
= 1 + R2
R1
(as shown A
V
=
101)
+5 V
R2
1 MΩ
0 e
I
(mV)
Figure 21. High input Z adjustable gain DC instrumentation amplifier
R1
100 kΩ
R4
100 kΩ
R3
100 kΩ
1/4
LM124A e
1
R2
2 kΩ
Gain adjust
R5
100 kΩ
1/4
LM124A e
2
If R1 = R5 and R3 = R4 = R6 = R7 eo = [ 1 + ] (e2 - e1)
R2
As shown eo = 101 (e2 - e1)
R6
100 kΩ
1/4
LM124A
R7
100 kΩ e
O
Figure 23. DC summing amplifier e
1
100 kΩ
100 kΩ
1/4
LM124A e
2
100 kΩ e
3
100 kΩ
100 kΩ e
4
100 kΩ eo = e1 + e2 - e3 - e4 where (e1 + e2) ≥ (e3 + e4) to keep eo ≥ 0 V e
O
Figure 25. Low drift peak detector
I
B e
I
1/4
LM124A
I
B
1/4
LM124A
2I
B
Z o e o
1 µF *
C
Z
I
2I
B
R
1 MΩ
2N 929
I
B
0.001 µF
3R
3 MΩ
I
B
1/4
LM124A
Input current compensation
*Polycarbonate or polyethylene
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 11/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Typical single-supply applications e
1
R3
10 kΩ
Figure 26. Active bandpass filter
R1
100 kΩ
C1
330 pF
1/4
LM124A
R4
10 MΩ
C2
330 pF
R6
470 kΩ
1/4
LM124A
1/4
LM124A
R5
470 kΩ
R7
100 kΩ
R8
100 kΩ
C3
10µF
Fo = 1 kHz
Q = 50
Av = 100 (40 dB) e
O
V
CC
Figure 27. High input Z, DC differential amplifier
For
R1
R2
=
R4
R3
CMRR depends on the following resistor ration match
R2
100 kΩ
R4
100 kΩ
R1
100 kΩ
R3
100 kΩ
+V1
+V2
1/4
LM124A
1/4
LM124A
V o
As shown Vo = 2 * (V2 - V1)
Figure 28. Using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept) e
I
I
B
I
I
I
B
1/4
LM124A
2N 929
I
B
1.5 MΩ e o
0.001µF
I
B
3 MΩ
1/4
LM124A
I
B Aux. amplifier for input current compensation
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 12/22
6
6.1
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Package information
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
QFN16 3x3 package information
Figure 29. QFN16 3x3 package outline
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 13/22
Ref.
D2
E
E2 e
L
A
A1
A3 b
D
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
QFN16 3x3 package information
Min.
0.80
0
0.18
2.90
1.50
2.90
1.50
0.30
Table 4. QFN16 3x3 mechanical data
Dimensions
Millimeters
Typ.
0.90
Max.
1.00
0.05
Min.
0.031
0
0.20
3.00
3.00
0.30
3.10
1.80
3.10
1.80
0.007
0.114
0.059
0.114
0.059
0.50
0.50
0.012
Figure 30. QFN16 3x3 recommended footprint
Inches
Typ.
0.035
0.008
0.118
0.118
0.020
Max.
0.039
0.002
0.012
0.122
0.071
0.122
0.071
0.020
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 14/22
6.2
TSSOP14 package information
Figure 31. TSSOP14 package outline
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
TSSOP14 package information aaa
DS0985 - Rev 8
Ref.
c
D
E
E1 e
A
A1
A2 b
L
L1 k aaa
Min.
0.05
0.80
0.19
0.09
4.90
6.20
4.30
0.45
0°
Table 5. TSSOP14 package mechanical data
Dimensions
Millimeters
Typ.
Min.
1.00
5.00
6.40
4.40
0.65
0.60
1.00
0.20
5.10
6.60
4.50
Max.
1.20
0.15
1.05
0.30
0.75
0.002
0.031
0.007
0.004
0.193
0.244
0.169
0.018
8°
0.10
0°
Inches
Typ.
0.004
0.039
0.197
0.252
0.173
0.0256
0.024
0.039
Max.
0.047
0.006
0.041
0.012
0.0089
0.201
0.260
0.176
0.030
8°
0.004
page 15/22
6.3
SO14 package information
Figure 32. SO14 package outline
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
SO14 package information
DS0985 - Rev 8
Ref.
E e
H
C
D
A
A1
A2
B h
L k ddd
Min.
1.35
0.10
1.10
0.33
0.19
8.55
3.80
5.80
0.25
0.40
Table 6. SO14 package mechanical data
Dimensions
Millimeters
Typ.
Min.
Max.
1.75
1.75
0.25
1.65
0.51
0.25
8.75
4.0
0.05
0.004
0.04
0.01
0.007
0.33
0.15
1.27
6.20
0.50
1.27
0.22
0.009
0.015
8° (max.)
0.10
Inches
Typ.
0.05
Max.
0.069
0.068
0.009
0.06
0.02
0.009
0.34
0.15
0.24
0.02
0.05
0.004
page 16/22
7
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Ordering information
Ordering information
Order code
LM124DT
LM224ADT
LM224APT
LM224DT
LM224PT
LM224QT
LM224WDT
LM324ADT
LM324APT
LM324AWDT
LM324AWPT
LM324WDT
LM324WPT
LM324DT
LM324PT
LM324QT
Temperature range
-55 °C to 125 °C
-40 °C to 105 °C
0 °C to 70 °C
Table 7. Order codes
ESD (HBM, CDM)
250 V, 1.5 kV
V io
max. @ 25 °C
5 mV
800 V, 1.5 kV 3 mV
250 V, 1.5 kV
700 V, 1.5 kV
800 V, 1.5 kV
700 V, 1.5 kV
250 V, 1.5 kV
5 mV
3 mV
5 mV
Package
SO14
TSSOP14
SO14
TSSOP14
QFN16 3x3
SO14
TSSOP14
SO14
TSSOP14
SO14
TSSOP14
SO14
TSSOP14
QFN16 3x3
Marking
124
224A
224
K425
224W
324A
324AW
324W
324
K427
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 17/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Revision history
Table 8. Document revision history
Date
1-Mar-2001
1-Feb-2005
1-Jun-2005
25-Sep-2006
22-Aug-2013
06-Dec-2013
10-Jun-2016
09-Sep-2019
Revision
1 First release
2
3
4
Changes
Added explanation of V id
and V i
limits in Table 2 on page 4.
Updated macromodel.
ESD protection inserted in Table 2 on page 4.
5
6
7
8
Editorial update.
Removed DIP package and all information pertaining to it
Table 1: Device summary: Removed order codes LM224AN, LM224AD, LM324AN, and LM324AD; updated packaging.
Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings: removed N suffix power dissipation data; updated footnotes 5 and 6.
Renamed Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, and Figure 19.
Updated axes titles of Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 7, and Figure 17.
Removed duplicate figures.
Removed Section 5: Macromodels
Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings: updated ESD data for HBM and MM.
LM124, LM224, LM324 and LM224W, LM324W datasheets merged with LM224A, LM324A datasheet. The following sections were reworked: Features, Description, Section 1: "Pin connections and schematic diagram", Section 2: "Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions", and
Section 3: "Electrical characteristics". The following sections were added: Related products and
Section 7: "Ordering information". Packaged silhouettes, pin connections, and mechanical data were standardized and updated.
Updated cover page, Section 2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions and
= 25 °C (unless otherwise specified)
.
Updated Figure 2. Schematic diagram (LM224A, LM324A, LM224W, LM324W, one channel)
and
Figure 3. Schematic diagram (LM124, LM224, LM324, one channel) .
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 18/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
Contents
Contents
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 19/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
List of tables
List of tables
= 25 °C (unless otherwise specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 20/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
List of figures
List of figures
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 21/22
LM124, LM224x, LM324x
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© 2019 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved
DS0985 - Rev 8 page 22/22
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