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PCAN-Diag 2
Handheld Device for
CAN Bus Diagnostics
User Manual
V2.3.1
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
Product name
PCAN-Diag 2
Model
High-speed CAN transceiver
On request:
Low-speed CAN transceiver
Single-wire CAN transceiver
Firmware Part number
V1.5.0 IPEH-002069-V2 from ser. no. 150
CANopen® and CiA® are registered community trade marks of CAN in Automation e.V.
All other product names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. They are not explicitly marked by “™” and “®”.
© 2012 PEAK-System Technik GmbH
PEAK-System Technik GmbH
Otto-Roehm-Strasse 69
64293 Darmstadt
Germany
Phone: +49 (0)6151 8173-20
Fax: +49 (0)6151 8173-29 www.peak-system.com [email protected]
Document version 2.3.1 (2012-03-05)
2
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
Auxiliary Supply for CAN Transceiver
3
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
Displaying Incoming CAN Messages
Displaying CAN Messages in Symbolic Form
Creating a Symbol File with the PCAN
Using Multiplexers in Symbol Files
Playing Back Recorded CAN Traffic
Using the Recorded CAN Traffic on the PC
Voltages on the D-Sub Connector
Properties of the Oscilloscope Function
Decoding the CAN Signal Course
4
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
Settings for the Oscilloscope Function
Creating and Loading a Project
Integrating an Alternative Splash Screen
Purposes of the USB connection
Restriction for Diag Functions
5
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
PCAN-Diag Files on the Internal Memory Card 93
6
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
7
PCAN-Diag 2 – User Manual
CAN connection (D-Sub) on page 13
PC connection (USB) on page 91
BNC connector for trigger output or for measuring channel 2 on page 87
Switch interlock for push dial on page 18
8
PCAN-Diag 2 – Introduction
1
The PCAN-Diag 2 is a handheld diagnostics unit with functions to allow investigation of a CAN bus, such as detection of the CAN bitrate, bus load measurement, and termination measurement. As well as receiving CAN messages, it can transmit either individual messages or entire sequences of them. In addition, the internal memory card allows tracing and playback of the CAN traffic.
The integrated two-channel oscilloscope enables visualization of
CAN signals. Single CAN IDs and various events can be used as triggers. The CAN frames are decoded from the recorded signal course, for example, to detect errors in the frame.
Incoming CAN messages can be displayed as symbols for clear and easy allocation. The PCAN Symbol Editor software supplied with this product enables convenient creation of the symbol files needed for this feature.
Output is through a color display with OLED technology. The device is operated with a push dial.
Alternatively to High-speed CAN, the PCAN-Diag 2 is also available with connectivity to Low-speed or Single-wire CAN.
High-speed CAN ISO 11898-2, available on request with CAN transceiver module for Low-speed CAN ISO 11898-3 or Singlewire CAN SAE J2411
CAN connection D-Sub 9-pin
Select from fixed and 8 user-defined bitrates
9
PCAN-Diag 2 – Introduction
OLED display with 320 x 240 pixel resolution
Voltage supply with (rechargeable) batteries (4 x AA) or with enclosed AC adaptor (no charging function for inserted rechargeable batteries)
Internal memory card (at least 1 GByte) for saving projects; can also be used as a mass storage device during a USB connection to a PC
Operating temperature range of 0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F)
Symbolic display of incoming CAN messages using symbol files, taking into account enums (lists of values), multiplexers, and ID ranges
Symbol files can be set up using the Windows software PCAN
Symbol Editor supplied with this product
Recording of incoming CAN messages to the internal memory card
Playback of trace files
Conversion of trace data to various output formats using a
Windows program
Transmission of CAN messages or message lists
Decimal, hexadecimal, or binary entering of CAN data; data change of a single transmission message during runtime
Measurement of CAN bus load, displayed by means of a time diagram
A bus load time diagram can be saved as bitmap
Measurement of CAN termination for High-speed CAN bus, even while the system is running
Switchable CAN termination for the connected bus, depending on the transceiver module used
10
PCAN-Diag 2 – Introduction
Voltage measurement for all pins of the CAN connector (D-Sub)
Management of the device configuration, transmit lists, symbol files, and all recorded data (screenshots and CSV files) in projects
Two independent channels having a maximum sampling frequency of 20 MHz each
Memory depth can be set to up to 64 kSamples
Display of the CAN-High and the CAN-Low signal as well as the difference of both signals
Time measurement with a resolution of up to 50 ns
Inspection of external signals (with frequencies up to 1 MHz) with a probe via the BNC connection
Configuration of trigger to frame start, frame end, CAN errors,
CAN ID, or signal edges.
External measurement devices can be triggered using the BNC connector
Depiction of raw CAN frames
Decoding of CAN frames from the recorded signal course
Current view can be saved as bitmap screenshot
Saving the recorded sample data as CSV file
(Windows software included in scope of supply)
Convenient configuration of all available device settings
Compilation of transmit lists
Configuration of up to 8 bitrates per project
11
PCAN-Diag 2 – Introduction
Device configuration, transmit lists, and associated symbol files can be saved in projects
Projects can be transferred to the internal memory card of the
PCAN-Diag 2 using a USB connection
PCAN-Diag 2
Configuration software PCAN-Diag Editor for Windows
PCAN Symbol Editor for Windows
Conversion software PEAK-Converter for Windows
Batteries (4 x 1.5 V AA)
Micro USB connector cable
AC adaptor with changeable plugs for Euro, U.S., and UK
Manual in PDF format
Printed quick start guide
Plastic case for the device and accessories
12
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
2
For operation of the PCAN-Diag, go through the sections of this chapter in order.
CAN connector (D-Sub) on the rear of the device
Depending on the equipped CAN transceiver, PCAN-Diag's CAN socket (9-pin D-Sub) has different pin assignments.
Pin assignment for equipment with High-speed CAN transceiver (standard) or Low-speed CAN transceiver, according to specification CiA® 102
(additional notes in the following subsections)
13
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Pin assignment for equipment with Single-wire CAN transceiver
(additional notes in the following subsections)
If the PCAN-Diag is equipped with a Low-speed or a Single-wire
CAN transceiver, a supply for the CAN transceiver must be set up via pin 9 of the D-Sub connector in addition to the common voltage
supply (section 2.2), otherwise the CAN communication does not
work.
Equipped with transceiver type
High-speed CAN
Low-speed CAN
Single-wire CAN
Standard
ISO 11898-2
ISO 11898-3
SAE J2411
Voltage range aux. supply
no auxiliary supply
5 - 27 V DC
6 - 18 V DC
Attention! Risk of electronics destruction by reverse polarity!
Make sure that the auxiliary supply is connected with the correct polarity.
The D-Sub connector's shield is internally connected to voltage ground (GND).
The connection of voltage ground (GND) to pins 3 and 6 can be switched via
Device Settings
>
D-Sub GND connection
.
14
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Note: If the device is equipped with a Low-speed or a Singlewire CAN transceiver, GND must always be connected
(reference potential for the auxiliary supply), otherwise the CAN communication does not work.
For separate ground connection to other CAN nodes or measuring objects an additional 4-millimeter GND socket is provided on the rear of the device.
GND socket (4 mm) on the rear of the device
The PCAN-Diag can be supplied in two ways:
externally via the supply socket (section 2.2.1)
temporarily by (rechargeable) batteries (section 2.2.2)
While operation, supply status is shown on the screen's upper status bar.
Symbol Meaning
The device is connected to an external voltage source (e.g. AC adaptor)
The device is supplied by the inserted (rechargeable) batteries. An estimation on the remaining capacity is given.
Note: Inserted rechargeable batteries are not charged during external supply.
15
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Supplying the PCAN-Diag via the designated socket can be done using the enclosed AC adaptor or another DC source.
Supply socket on the rear of the device for the connection by a barrel connector
Supply voltage:
12 V DC (8 - 50 V possible)
Diameter of barrel connector: a = 5.5 mm, b = 2.1 mm; minimum length: 11 mm
For mobile use, the PCAN-Diag can be supplied by (rechargeable) batteries:
Size: AA
Quantity: 4
Single voltage: nominal 1.2 V or 1.5 V
The battery compartment is located on the device's bottom side.
The lid is fixed with two screws.
16
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Positions of the screws for the lid of the battery compartment
(second screw is located beneath the rubber sleeve)
If an external supply is connected to the device, it will be used as primary source. Batteries can stay in the device.
Note: Inserted rechargeable batteries are not charged during external supply. For charging, please remove the empty rechargeable batteries and use a separate charger (not in the scope of supply).
17
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Operating the PCAN-Diag is solely done by a push dial.
Dial:
Move selection; alter value
Push:
Power-up device; execute selected function; exit current function
Hold down the push dial for at least half a second.
A splash screen appears for a short moment; then it's replaced by the main menu.
Turning off the device is done by selecting
Power Off
from the main menu.
Powering-up the device can be blocked by a small knob on the rear in order to prevent the batteries from accidental discharging, e.g. during transport.
18
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
Knob on the rear of the device for switch interlock of the push dial
In order to activate the switch interlock, push the knob using a thin object. The device now cannot be powered-up with the push dial.
Unlocking is done likewise: push the small knob again.
The PCAN-Diag has an integrated clock. The time stamp is used when a file is saved to the internal memory card. We recommend checking the current date and time after initial start of the device
(main menu item
Internal Statistics
) and setting it if required.
Do the following to set the date and time:
1. In the main menu select
Device Settings
.
2. At the entry
Date & time
click on
Set
.
3. At
Date
and at
Time
click on the digits to be adjusted and change the values by dialing.
4. When all digits are adjusted, click on
Set
.
19
PCAN-Diag 2 – Setting Up the Device
When operating the device, in the upper status bar, some symbols give information on the voltage supply status and about the CAN bus communication. Their meanings are as follows:
Symbol Meaning
The device is connected to an external voltage source (e.g. AC adaptor)
The device is supplied by the inserted (rechargeable) batteries. An estimation on the remaining capacity is given.
T R
CAN traffic: T = Transmit, R = Receive
Blinking: Outgoing/incoming CAN messages
act pas off
L
Yellow, red: Erroneous traffic
Informs about the bus status (active, passive, bus off). When entering bus-off state, due to high (transmission) error rate, no further CAN messages are transmitted or received. In this case, after fixing the bus problem (e.g. a wrong CAN bitrate), a reset of the CAN controller should be performed. You have the following possibilities to do so:
-
CAN Data
>
Receive Messages
>
Rst
-
CAN Data
>
Transmit Messages
>
Reset
The device operates in observation mode (listen-only). It is automatically activated if the silent startup function detects a difference between the bitrates of the device and on the bus (
Device Settings
).
The observation mode can also be enabled or disabled manually (see
20
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
3
Main menu entry
Device Settings
Having changed any settings on this page, make them permanent by clicking
Save&OK
. If you want to use the changed settings only temporarily (during the current session), click
OK
. A subsequent session (after an off-on cycle) uses the initial settings again.
Tip: You can adjust the device settings quickly to different
applications by means of projects (see chapter 7 on page 77).
If this function is activated, at each device start the set CAN bitrate is checked in relation to the data traffic on the connected CAN bus.
During this sequence the listen-only mode is active in order to avoid impact on the CAN traffic by the PCAN-Diag. This is indicated by the
L
in the top line.
If the device's bitrate matches, the listen-only mode is deactivated after a short period, else it stays active.
21
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
You can activate or deactivate the listen-only mode manually with the corresponding device setting
Listen-only mode
.
If the bitrate of the CAN bus connected to the PCAN-Diag is unknown, the PCAN-Diag can automatically detect it. This requires data traffic on the CAN bus.
Bitrates from the following series are recognized (kbit/s): 1000; 800;
500; 250; 200; 125; 100; 95.2; 83.3; 50.0; 47.6; 33.3; 20.0; 10.0
Selection from a series of CAN bitrates, in order to correspond to the one on the connected CAN bus.
Besides the fixed bitrate values, the list contains eight user-defined bitrates. They are managed in the following setting.
If using the PCAN-Diag with a Low-speed CAN or Single-wire CAN transceiver, actually higher bitrates as the standards provide (see following table) can be selected. However, this leads to a warning and a non-working CAN communication.
CAN transmission type Standard
High-speed CAN
Low-speed CAN
Single-wire CAN
ISO 11898-2
ISO 11898-3
SAE J2411
Maximum bitrate
1 Mbit/s
125 kbit/s
100 kbit/s
To adapt to specific conditions, experts may directly access the bus timing registers (BTR) of the integrated CAN controller. The register settings are analog to those of a SJA1000 CAN controller operating at 16 MHz clock frequency.
22
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
Eight user-defined entries can be edited. Each entry contains a 2byte value (4 hexadecimal digits) for the bus timing registers and an arbitrary name. User-defined bitrates appear later with their name in the
CAN bitrate
list below the fixed bitrate values.
Tip: For easier determination of the register values, the provided CD contains a Windows program (/Tools/BRCAN.exe).
For each entry the table for editing shows the parameters that result from the given register values: the bitrate, the sample point (SP), and the synchronization jump width (SJW).
Tip: To reset an entry (Name = UserX, Bitrate = undef), set the
BTR value to 0000.
The internal CAN termination can be switched. The type of termination is depending on the CAN transceiver that is integrated in the
PCAN-Diag. Please refer to the corresponding subsection.
23
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
(Display
Transceiver: High speed
)
A High-speed CAN bus needs to be electrically terminated on both ends using resistors of 120 Ω. If the PCAN-Diag is connected to an un-terminated end of a CAN bus, the internal terminating resistor of
124 Ω can be engaged here.
Setting
Off
On
Resistor
none
124 Ω
Description
Termination is already correctly applied to the Highspeed CAN bus and the device is connected to a tap within the CAN bus.
The device is connected to a CAN bus whose termination isn't complete yet.
Tip: If you want to check that a connected High-speed CAN bus is terminated correctly, you can use the following function:
Measurements
>
CAN Termination
(Display
Transceiver: Low speed fault-tolerant
)
Every node on a Low-speed CAN bus has a terminating resistor. For optimum system conditions the whole bus should be terminated with 100 Ω (parallel connection of all terminating resistors). A single node is terminated with at least 500 Ω and at most 6 kΩ.
Setting
Off
On
Resistor
4.7 kΩ
1.1 kΩ
Description
If monitoring an existing, already optimally terminated
CAN bus. The total termination is only slightly affected by the higher resistance.
If using few nodes on a CAN bus.
24
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
(Display
Transceiver: Single wire
)
The busload resistor at the Single-wire CAN transceiver can be changed with this function.
Setting
Off
On
Resistor
9.1 kΩ
2.1 kΩ
For more information about the function of the busload resistor, see the data sheet of the TH8056 CAN transceiver by Melexis
(www.melexis.com), for example.
(Only with integrated Single-wire CAN transceiver, display
Transceiver: Single wire
)
The Single-wire CAN transceiver can be operated in three different modes.
Mode
Normal
Description
Up to 40 kbit/s, with wave shaping
High-speed
* Up to 100 kbit/s, without wave shaping
Wake-up
Like Normal mode, but with increased signal levels
* To prevent mistakes: The term “High-speed mode” refers to Single-wire CAN and is not related to High-speed CAN.
The Sleep mode, defined in addition for Single-wire CAN, isn't supported.
This setting is not available for a project in the PCAN-Diag Editor, but can only be set in the PCAN-Diag itself.
25
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
If the device shall silently watch traffic on the CAN bus without influencing it, the observation mode (listen-only mode) must be switched
On
. The device will neither acknowledge nor transmit CAN
(error) frames. Furthermore, active transmit lists are deactivated.
The device's voltage ground can be disconnected from the D-Sub connector by software (
Off
). This setting is relevant for pins 3 and
6 of the D-Sub connector (for assignment overview see on page 13).
The connector shield is permanently connected to the device's voltage ground.
If the PCAN-Diag is run with (rechargeable) batteries, battery sources can be preserved by switching off the device automatically after a set period, as long as the push dial hasn't been used. Setting to
Never
causes the device to stay alive all the time.
If operating the device with an external supply, for example with the enclosed AC adaptor, this setting does not have any effect.
The brightness of the display will be reduced whenever the device is not operated for a certain period. This can prolong the lifetime of the OLED display.
The PCAN-Diag can give acoustic feedback to several events.
Among other, a change of the CAN bus status is signalized. The
Off
setting disables the acoustic signal function of the PCAN-Diag.
26
PCAN-Diag 2 – Device Settings
With
Set
the device date and time are adjusted. Date and time are used when saving files to the internal memory card.
File names of bitmaps or scope data to be saved get a number coming from a counter. The current count is indicated in parentheses and can be set to 0 by clicking
Reset
.
Shows the type of the CAN transceiver integrated in the PCAN-Diag and thus the standard of the CAN communication (no setting option).
Indication
High speed
CAN transmission type Standard
High-speed CAN ISO 11898-2
Low speed fault-tolerant
* Low-speed CAN
Single wire
* Single-wire CAN
ISO 11898-3
SAE J2411
* Needs an auxiliary voltage supply via pin 9 of the D-Sub connector (see section
27
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
4
Main menu item
CAN Data
The PCAN-Diag 2 can display the CAN data of incoming CAN mes-
sages either in a simple way in hexadecimal format (section 4.1) or
with the help of symbol files that convert the CAN data into a more
readable form (sections 4.2/4.3 on page 31).
The other way it is possible to transmit prepared CAN messages
periodically or manually (sections 4.4/4.5 on page 45).
In addition there's the possibility to record incoming CAN traffic to files on the internal memory card. The recorded data can later be played back 1:1 or, on a PC, can be converted to various output for-
mats and evaluated (section 4.6 on page 49).
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Receive Messages
Incoming CAN messages are displayed as a list, sorted by CAN ID
(column
ID
). The representation of the CAN data bytes (
D0
…
D7
) is in hexadecimal format. Each occurrence of a CAN message increments its counter (
Count
). The counting starts with the invocation of the CAN message view. The
Time
column indicates the period between the last two occurrences of a CAN message.
Indicated units for time:
Indication Unit u
μs
m s
ms s
Display if Time…
0 - 999 μs
1 - 999 ms from 1 s
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PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Simple view of incoming CAN messages.
You can manipulate sorting in the table by clicking on CAN messages. By doing so these messages are moved to the top of the list and marked orange. Clicking on an orange CAN message takes back the emphasis, meaning that is sorted by CAN ID again.
Emphasized display of CAN messages (orange)
Red list entries indicate CAN errors that are reported by the CAN controller.
29
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Rst
Clears the list of incoming CAN messages and resets the CAN controller. Latter is useful after fault maintenance on the CAN bus.
Tx1 … Tx7
These items represent the first seven transmit lists that are defined under
CAN Data
>
Manage Transmit Lists
The lower status line informs about the selected transmit list: name of the transmit list, defined cycle time, “Single” standing for a transmit list to be triggered manually. A click activates the selected transmit list for cyclic transmission or triggers a single transmission depending on the type of the transmit list.
Display
Tx3
Tx3
Tx3
Color
brown dimmed
Information about the first transmit list
Meaning
inactive transmit list with defined cycle time transmit list is ready for manual transmission
(“Single”) no transmit list available for this item
30
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Receive Msgs. as Symbols
In order to simplify the interpretation of CAN data it can be displayed in symbolic form. The display is determined by a symbol file.
Note: Before you can display CAN messages in symbol form, you must have loaded a symbol file being part of a project.
More in the following section 4.3
Managing Symbol Files on page 32.
Properties of the symbolic display:
A CAN ID is identified with a name by using a Symbol.
Bit sequences in a CAN message representing individual quantities are given a name by variables.
Data can either be displayed in decimal, in hexadecimal, or in binary format. The binary display in the PCAN-Diag is done with a maximum of 16 digits. If more binary digits are necessary, the value is automatically displayed decimally instead of binary.
Variables can convert raw data transmitted via CAN and display it as physical quantity with a unit.
Specific variable values can be displayed alphanumerically by using enums (value lists).
Multiplexers define different symbol definitions for data output of a single CAN-ID.
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PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Symbol
Variables
Symbolic display of CAN messages, to be reached with
CAN Data
>
Receive Msgs. as Symbols
The symbol file being active is indicated in the lower status bar. A different symbol file can be selected with the menu command
Manage Symbol Files
. Furthermore, symbols or variables can be omitted from display (see following section).
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Manage Symbol Files
With a symbol file the symbolic display of CAN messages is determined.
Using symbol files:
One or more symbol files are made available in the PCAN-Diag
by a project (more about projects in chapter 7 on page 77).
For symbolic display in the PCAN-Diag a single symbol file is used.
32
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Symbol files can be created and altered in different ways (only externally on a PC):
• with the provided Windows program PCAN Symbol Editor
(see the following section 4.3.1 on page 34)
• in a text editor
• by importing a CANdb data base (only with licensed
Windows program PCAN-Explorer 5 with CANdb Add-in, both available from PEAK-System)
Symbol files (*.sym) already existing on a PC can be used for a project.
A symbol file to be used in the PCAN-Diag may contain a maximum number of the following elements:
• 450 receive symbols
• 40 variables per symbol
• 900 variables in all
• 400 enums
In the PCAN-Diag the symbol file to be used is selected, and it is determined which elements of this symbol file are displayed.
SelectFile
Shows a list of symbol files that are provided by the current project.
Select a symbol file that shall be used for display in
Receive
Msgs. as Symbols
.
EditFile
Shows a preview with the current symbol file. Select the elements to be displayed in case showing CAN messages in symbolic form.
Click on an entry to alter its status. Reactivate all entries for display with
Sel.All
or vice versa with
Sel.None
.
33
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
SortOrder
Determines the element that is used for sorting when the Sort command is used at the symbolic display of incoming messages.
With the aid of an example, this section shows how to create a symbol file with the supplied Windows program PCAN Symbol Editor.
The example takes the following CAN messages into account:
Bits (count) Enum Symbol
(data length)
CAN ID Variable (unit)
TestSymA
(2 bytes)
TestSymB
(1 byte)
223h
224h
Speed (km/h)
Temperature (° C)
Switch1
0 - 7 (8)
8 - 15 (8)
0 (1) Switches:
0 = Off, 1 = On
Do the following to create the symbol file:
1. On a PC start the supplied Windows program PCAN Symbol
Editor (PcanSEdt.exe). You can find the program, for example, on the supplied CD in the following directory:
/Tools/PCAN-Diag/PCAN-DiagV2/Tools/
After starting the program, the folders in the Item Navigator on the left hand side are still empty.
34
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
2. Click on Add Symbol.
A new entry appears in the Symbols folder of the Item
Navigator.
3. Adjust the items in the Symbol properties panel according to the given values for the TestSymA symbol.
Adjustments are done for the marked items.
35
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
4. Click on Add Variable. As before with the symbol, adjust the items according to the given values for the Speed variable.
5. Repeat the previous step for the Temperature variable.
In order to display negative values the Data Type must be set to Signed.
6. With Add Enum create the Switches enum. Later on this is used for the Switch1 variable.
36
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
A new entry appears in the Enums folder of the Item
Navigator.
7. Add the two states Off (0) and On (1) to the enum with Add
Value.
8. Create the TestSymB symbol with the Switch1 variable.
The variable uses the Switches enum.
9. Use Save as to save the symbol file with the name
SymExample.sym
.
37
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
The final symbol file has the following contents:
FormatVersion=5.0 // Do not edit!
Title="Example"
{ENUMS} enum Switches(0="Off", 1="On")
{RECEIVE}
[TestSymA]
ID=223h
DLC=2
Var=Speed unsigned 0.8 /u:km/h
Var=Temperature signed 8.8 /u:"° C"
[TestSymB]
ID=224h
DLC=1
Var=Switch1 bit 0.1 /e:Switches
With multiplexers different symbol definitions are used for the display of CAN data from a single message. An area of the CAN data is defined as multiplexer. The contained value indicates the symbolic display to be used for the rest of the data in the CAN message. With the aid of an example, this section shows how to create a symbol file with multiplexers.
Symbol
(CAN-ID)
Multiplexer area (bit count)
MuxSym
(200h)
0 (1)
Multiplexer value
Data length
Variable (unit)
Temperature (° C)
Temperature (° C)
Bits
(count)
1 - 7 (7)
8 - 15 (8)
1 - 7 (7)
8 - 15 (8)
Do the following to create a symbol file with multiplexers:
1. On a PC start the supplied Windows program PCAN Symbol
Editor (PcanSEdt.exe). You can find the program, for
38
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic example, on the supplied CD in the following directory:
/Tools/PCAN-Diag/PCAN-DiagV2/Tools/
2. Click on Add Symbol. Adjust the items in the Symbol
properties panel according to the given values for the
MuxSym symbol.
The data length is not relevant at this point.
It is determined later separately for each multiplexer.
39
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
3. Add two multiplexers to the symbol by using Add
Multiplexer.
Multiplexer2 gets the value 01h (field Multiplexer Value).
When the symbol file is used in the PCAN-Diag, the multiplexers are treated as a single signal named Mux. The names given in the PCAN-Symbol Editor are dismissed.
Therefore for both multiplexers only the value must be indicated, for which a multiplexer comes into effect.
Note: If a symbol contains a multiplexer with dynamic data length (setting “Valid for all Data Lengths”), only this single multiplexer is used for the PCAN-Diag. Further multiplexers in the corresponding symbol are ignored. The data length yields from the contained variables.
40
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
4. Add the variable Speed to Multiplexer1 by using Add
Variable and adjust the entries according to the shown example.
5. Add the variable Engine to Multiplexer2 by using Add
Variable and adjust the entries according to the shown example.
41
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
6. Add the variable Temperature to each of the two multiplexers by using Add Variable and adjust the entries according to the shown example.
7. Use Save as to save the symbol file with the name
MuxSymExample.sym
.
When the final symbol file is used in the PCAN-Diag, the multiplexer names given in the PCAN Symbol Editor are dismissed. The multiplexers are integrated in the signal Mux.
Afterwards the variables of both multiplexers are listed where the common variable Temperature is listed only once, because the given name and all parameters are identical.
42
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Data display after assigning the symbol file in the PCAN-Diag
43
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Because of the limited working memory in the PCAN-Diag, symbol files can only be read up to a specific size (see also beginning of
section 4.3 on page 32). One possibility to reduce the size of a
symbol file is using the Display Mode property.
You can find Display Mode in the properties of symbols, multiplexers, and variables.
Display Mode property in a symbol definition
The default for this property is On. If Off, the element is not processed by the PCAN-Diag Editor anymore. When transferring a project to the PCAN-Diag, elements with Display Mode Off are not compiled into the binary symbol file (*.syb).
Using this method you can reduce a symbol file's size without deleting symbols, multiplexers, or variables.
44
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Transmit Messages
The transmission of CAN messages is done with transmit lists that have been created either with the menu command
Manage
Transmit Lists
(see following section) or with the Windows program PCAN-Diag Editor. The enabled lists are listed here.
Display
Name
Name
Color Meaning
brown inactive transmit lists with defined cycle time
(Cycle time > 0) orange transmit transmitted periodically or transmit list is ready for manual transmission
(Cycle time = 0)
Activate a transmit list for single or cyclic transmission by clicking on the desired entry in the list.
Edit
(only for transmit lists with a single CAN message)
If the transmit list only contains a single CAN message, the data bytes of that message can be changed on the fly by this function, meaning, changes have an immediate effect, also during periodic transmission of the list.
45
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
There are columns for hexadecimal, decimal, and binary representation for each data byte of the CAN message where the values can be altered.
You alter the value of a data byte by
clicking on the value in either the
hex
or
dec
column, turning the push dial, and clicking again afterwards to apply the set value, or
clicking on a binary digit in the
binary
column to toggle its status and moving the marker afterwards.
With
OK
the value changes are kept until switching off the device, with
Cancel
the changes are discarded. In both cases the setting field is quit.
Reset
Resets the counters for the transmit lists (column
Count
) to 0 and resets the CAN controller. Latter is useful after fault maintenance on the CAN bus.
46
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Manage Transmit Lists
This function shows an overview of all available transmit lists.
An enabled entry is marked with a cross
[X]
. This means that the entry's properties can be modified and that the list is available for transmission under
CAN Data
>
Transmit Messages
.
Do the following to create one or more transmit lists:
1. Enable an entry below
Transmit list
by checking the corresponding box.
2. Click on the list entry's name in order to edit the properties.
If the entry hasn't been used yet, the name is
unused
.
An edit view is shown.
47
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
3. Modify the list's name by clicking on it.
Characters are deleted with
Del
.
Keep the push dial pushed for automatic repetition.
4. By default, the list already contains one entry. With the mnemonics
E I D
on the right you can do following actions:
Mnemonic Action Description
E
I
D
Edit
Insert
Shows a CAN message's properties to be modified.
Adds a new CAN message to the list at the given position. Content is taken from the current CAN message.
Delete Removes this CAN message from the transmit list.
48
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
5. The value in the
Offset
column is indicating a duration in milliseconds whereafter the CAN message is transmitted.
The offset refers to the previously transmitted CAN message, thus this is a relative designation.
6. Note the given value for
Min. required cycle time
below the transmit list. This indicates the lowest cycle time for the transmit list resulting from the sum of all transmit offsets.
You'll set the cycle time for a transmit list later in the overview of all transmit lists.
7. Confirm your modifications to the transmit list with
OK
.
The overview of transmit lists is shown again.
8. Set the
Cycle time
for each transmit list in the corresponding column. The value 0 ms means that the transmit list is only initiated manually.
Note: The cycle time of a transmit list should not be lower than the sum of all offsets in the transmit list. The PCAN-Diag finishes the transmission cycle of a transmit list, even if the defined cycle time is exceeded.
9. Having created and enabled the desired transmit lists, click on
OK
or
Save&OK
.
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Trace Messages
(from firmware 1.5.0)
With this function, the whole incoming CAN traffic including RTR frames and error frames is recorded to a trace file on the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag. Also the timing is regarded.
49
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Note: When invoking the function and during the recording of the incoming CAN traffic, the transmission of CAN messages is suspended.
Note: In order to record also at a high bit rate together with high CAN bus load, a hardware upgrade is available for devices that had been delivered until January 2012. If you are interested and for further information, please contact us (contact data: see
Later, a trace file can be used for playback of the recorded CAN
messages on the CAN bus (see following section 4.7 on page 51).
As alternative, it is possible to convert the recording on a PC to
another format for further use and for evaluation (see section 4.8 on page 52).
Do the following to record:
1. Make sure that no USB connection is present between the
PCAN-Diag and a PC.
2. Press
Start
.
The recording is done to the indicated
File
.
3. End the recording with
Stop tracing
.
Indication Meaning
File
File size
Name of the trace file for the current recording. The file name is automatically put together with a sequential number.
CAN queue level in %
Current and maximum fill level of the receive queue
(latter in parentheses). If the queue has reached a fill level of 100 percent, most likely some incoming CAN messages were not recorded.
CAN messages total
Number of CAN messages that are already recorded to the trace file
Current size of the trace file in kByte and already used storage space in percent of the maximum possible file size
50
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Menu item
CAN Data
>
Play Back Trace
(from firmware 1.5.0)
The PCAN-Diag can play back CAN messages from a binary trace file (*.btr) onto the connected CAN bus. The timing of the CAN messages, as it occurred originally during recording of the trace file, is maintained.
Note: When invoking the function and during the playback of the trace file, the transmission of CAN messages from transmit lists is suspended.
Do the following to play back a trace file:
1. When invoking the function, the playback type is set to a single pass of the trace file (selection
PlayOnce
). In order to set up a continuous playback of the trace file with repetition, click on the field to switch to
Infinite
.
2. Make sure that no USB connection is present between the
PCAN-Diag and a PC.
3. Click on
SelectFile
and select the trace file (*.btr) for playback from the list.
The playback starts directly after selecting the file.
4. Click on
Pause playback
to do so. Now you have the following options:
Function
Exit
Restart
Continue
Executed action
Ends the playback
Restarts the playback from the beginning of the trace file
Continues the playback from the point where the interruption occurred before
51
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
The recorded CAN traffic can be read by a PC via an USB connection from the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag. It is stored in binary-coded trace files trc00000.btr (sequential numbers).
For further use you must convert the data in an appropriate format.
The Windows program PEAK-Converter is on the supplied CD and on the internal memory card of PCAN-Diag for this purpose.
User interface of the PEAK-Converter
Possible conversion targets:
Target format
PCAN-Trace
File extension
.trc
Explanation/usage
Text-based trace format by PEAK-System; viewing of the data in the PCAN-Explorer or playback of the CAN messages with the PCAN-
Trace program.
Tip: In connection with the trace files of the
PCAN-Diag, we recommend using the format version 1.1., because the recordings of the
PCAN-Diag only have one channel and because this format version is usable in all programs from PEAK-System.
52
PCAN-Diag 2 – CAN Traffic
Target format
Vector ASC Trace
Character Separated
Values (CSV)
File extension
.asc
.csv
Explanation/usage
Text-based trace format by the Vector company that also can be used by some third-party programs.
Common, text-based format for import into a spreadsheet (semicolon as separator).
For further use of the trace data proceed as follows:
1. Connect the PCAN-Diag to the PC with the provided USB cable. The PCAN-Diag does not need to be switched on.
2. Under Windows, start the PEAK-Converter.exe program from the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag which resides in the /PCAN-Diag/Tools directory.
3. Select a trace file (trc00000.btr) as source. You can find the trace files in a project directory:
/PCAN-Diag/Projects/<Project Name>
4. Specify a destination file and select the desired target format (see above).
53
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
5
Main menu item
Measurements
This chapter describes the measurement functions of the PCAN-
Diag. The oscilloscope function is covered in the following chapter 6 on page 60.
Menu item
Measurements
>
Bus Load
The percentage utilization of the CAN bus with CAN messages is shown in a graph over a period of time and is continuously updated.
Bus load diagram
The graph is put together out of sampling intervals whose duration results from the set CAN bitrate and the given number of
Samples
.
54
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
Per sample value an average and a maximum value of the bus load are calculated and shown as bars.
You can counter a high bus load with the following measures:
Raise the bitrate of all CAN nodes on the bus.
Increase the cycle time of specific messages in the CAN net in order to reduce their emergence (less CAN messages per time).
Save as BMP
A bitmap screenshot of the bus load screen is saved on the internal memory card (file name: pict000.bmp with sequential number).
On the memory card the files are written to the directory of the active project (Projects > <project name>). Get the name of the active project from the lower status bar in the main menu.
Access to the saved files is achieved from a PC via a USB
connection. See chapter 11 on page 91.
55
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
Menu item
Measurements
>
CAN Termination
Note: This function is only available if the PCAN-Diag is equipped with a High-speed CAN transceiver (display at
Device Settings
:
Transceiver: High speed
).
The function measures the resistance value between the CAN_L and
CAN_H lines. While doing so the CAN traffic is not affected.
A High-speed CAN bus (ISO 11898-2) must be terminated with
120 Ω on both ends between the CAN lines CAN_L and CAN_H. This measure will prevent signal reflections at the cable ends and a correct function of CAN transceivers attached to the CAN bus is assured.
The two termination resistors in parallel result in a total resistance of 60 Ω. The measurement of the total resistance provides information about a correct CAN bus termination.
56
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
CAN termination
Indicates the measured resistance value.
Measurement
~ 60 Ohm
missing
~ 120 Ohm
< 45 Ohm
--- Ohm not cal.
(after the resistance value)
Interpretation
The termination at the CAN bus is ok in terms of measurement.
Make sure that the termination resistors are positioned at each end of the bus and not, for example, at taps in the middle of the bus.
The CAN bus is missing any termination resistor, or the used resistor is too large. Set up a correct termination as described above.
Only one termination resistor is present.
Install a further 120-Ohms resistor at the opposite bus end.
Too many termination resistors are present at the CAN bus.
A reason may be that on one bus end both a separate termination resistor as well as a CAN node with internal termination are installed.
The measurement was not successful.
The measurement facility is not calibrated, meaning that the indicated measuring value may have a larger deviation from the actual resistance value.
Please contact our support about a calibration (see address on page 2).
Internal termination
If
On
, the internal termination resistor (124 Ω) is activated.
Altering the setting at this place is only temporary (until switching off the device). The internal termination can be set permanently in the
Device Settings
.
Start
The measurement is repeated. This may be useful after doing changes on the CAN bus.
57
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
Menu item
Measurements
>
D-Sub Connector
The voltage levels for each pin of the D-Sub connector are measured and listed under
Actual
in the table. On the basis of the voltage levels on the pins conclusions can be made about the correct installation or function of the CAN bus.
Voltage measurement on the D-Sub connector
Example: When a High-speed CAN transceiver is idling (no CAN traffic), the signal lines CAN_High and CAN_Low have about
2.5 Volts. If the measured voltage differs significantly, the CAN transceiver of a CAN node may be defect.
Note: Because of a delay at voltage measurement due to technical reasons, transient voltage fluctuations cannot be detected reliably.
Supply voltage
Displays the measured supply voltage. The used voltage source is shown in the top line:
58
PCAN-Diag 2 – Measuring Functions for the CAN Bus
Symbol Voltage source
Externally via supply socket (e.g. with the supplied AC adaptor)
Inserted (rechargeable) batteries
Settings
Customize the view for each pin.
Element
Name
Function
Arbitrary pin name
Comment
Enable
Measurement and display of the pin's voltage value (on or off)
Min Max
Valid voltage range for that pin, designation in mV (-
32000 - 32000)
Alarm
Alarm sound when exceeding the valid voltage range (on or off)
The measurements at the pins are done in succession. If only a few pins are enabled, the measurements for an individual pin are happening more often.
This designation is only for display and does not have a functional background (beside alarm).
- Not at transient voltage fluctuations
- Device setting for beeps
(
Device Settings
>
Beeper
) must be activated
Defaults
Resets the whole measurement display to defaults
59
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
6
Main menu item
Scope
The oscilloscope function is used for in-depth diagnosis of the CAN signals on the connected lines. The handling of the function is similar to a standard storage scope.
Recorded CAN signal in the oscilloscope function
Two independent channels having a maximum sampling frequency of 20 MHz each
Memory depth can be set to up to 64 kSamples
Display of the CAN-High and the CAN-Low signal as well as the difference of both signals
Time measurement with a resolution of up to 50 ns
Inspection of external signals (with frequencies up to 1 MHz) with a probe via the BNC connection
60
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Configuration of trigger to frame start, frame end, CAN errors,
CAN ID, or signal edges.
External measurement devices can be triggered using the BNC connector
Depiction of raw CAN frames
Decoding of CAN frames from the recorded signal course
Current view can be saved as bitmap screenshot
Saving the recorded sample data as CSV file
Actions (see the following manual sections)
CAN data decoded from the signal course
Displayed voltage range
(upper boundary)
Trigger position
Measuring cursors C1 (yellow) and C2 (orange) for time period measurement
Position bar for overview of the sample buffer (current view, trigger, measuring cursors)
Signal course measuring channel 1 (green)
Display of triggering level for edge trigger
Signal course measuring channel 2 (white) us/div: grid resolution time axis (hor.)
V/div: grid resolution voltage axis (vert.) t=: time period from measurement C1/C2
61
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
With the following functions the current view on the horizontal axis
(time axis) is adjusted.
Element
Zoom
Delay
T=0
Function
Zooming in or out horizontally. The reference point for zooming
(left, middle, right) can be set under
Setting
>
Zoom
.
Shifting the view horizontally. The indicator
T=
in the lower status bar shows the position of the view related to the trigger.
Aligns the view centered to the trigger position. The trigger position is always the origin of the time axis.
The position bar on the top of the scope screen gives an overview.
Green: current view
Red: position of the trigger T
Yellow/orange: measuring cursors
C1 C2
Brown: whole contents of the sample buffer
If the oscilloscope trigger is set to a rising or falling edge (
Setting
>
Trigger
>
pos./neg. edge Ch2
), the voltage level for triggering can be adjusted with
Level
. This is done by moving the orange horizontal line.
Note: The level triggering always refers to the measuring channel 2 (white signal course on the scope screen).
62
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Adjustment of the trigger level (line)
During measurement operation the currently set trigger level is indicated by an orange arrow on the right screen border.
Indication of the trigger level on the right
63
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
A section of the time axis can be marked on the screen with the two cursors C1 and C2 (vertical lines) in order to measure a time period.
Do the following to measure a time period:
5. If the menu entries
C1
and
C2
are not available (brown), activate the cursor display by setting
Setting
>
Show cursors
to
Yes
.
6. Select
C1
and set the desired start point of the time period by dialing and finally pushing the button.
Tipp: You can measure a large time period with the highest possible time resolution by zooming in (
Zoom
) before positioning the cursor. Then the cursor can be positioned with a finer time resolution that will not be lost when zooming out afterwards.
7. Repeat the procedure with
C2
in order to set the end point of the time period. This must be positioned to the right of the start point.
8. In the lower status bar read the length of the time period from
t=
.
64
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Time period measurement with cursors C1 and C2
The vertical offset for the display of the signal courses of both measuring channels is either determined automatically (
Setting
>
Auto offset
>
Yes
) or can be adjusted manually with
Offs1
and
Offs2
. The vertical shifting is either done together or separately for the two measuring channels (
Setting
>
Separate offsets
Ch1/2
).
Note: When adjusting manually with
Offs1
or
Offs2
, an activated auto-offset function is deactivated.
65
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Single
Waiting for the set trigger event and single recording of the signal
(filling the sample buffer).
Run
Repeated waiting for the set trigger event and recording of the signal until
Stop
is clicked.
The trigger event to be used is selected with
Setting
>
Trigger
.
Settings related to the recording (sampling) are adjusted with
Setting
>
Sample rate
,
Pretrigger
, and
Sample buffer size
.
A CAN frame detected in the signal course is automatically decoded. The start of a CAN frame must lie in the current view. If several
CAN frames are shown, the first one is used.
The following information is displayed above the grid in white letters:
CAN ID (ID)
data length (L)
data in hexadecimal format or RTR (Remote Transmission
Request)
66
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Decoded signal course
Additionally to the data in the CAN frame, the segments of the CAN frame can be displayed with markers in the signal course:
Setting
>
Show decoded segments
>
Yes
Additional segment indication at decoding
Decode
Triggers a manual decode action. This function is intended for cases where no automatic decoding happens, e.g. after shifting the current view to another CAN frame in the sample buffer.
67
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Decoding display
Red data
Meaning Possible measure(s)
Faulty CAN frame Set the device's CAN bitrate to the one on the connected CAN bus:
-
Device Settings
>
CAN bitrate
-
Device Settings
>
Detect CAN bitrate
No remote CAN node transmitting an acknowledge
*
- Running more than one active node on the CAN bus
- Running PCAN-Diag without listen-only mode detected frame
Delay
until the beginning of a CAN frame is shown; execute
Decode
afterwards.
* If the frame segments are displayed at decoding, the error “noack” appears at the end of the frame.
With the special function
F1
the screen contents is saved as bitmap or the current sample buffer is saved as CSV file, both to the internal memory card. The actual function is depending on
Setting
>
Function F1
.
Note: The saving can take several seconds.
On the memory card the files are written to the directory of the active project (Projects > <project name>) and can be read later from a connected PC via USB. Get the name of the active project from the lower status bar in the main menu.
Note: As long as a USB connection to a PC is established, recorded data cannot be saved with the F1 function.
68
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
A CSV file contains data in lines in text format. As separator the semicolon (;) is used. For further use the file can be taken into an arbitrary spread sheet, for example.
Row
1
3 - 4
6 - 7
8 - 9
10
11
12
Contents
Device name and firmware version
Signal source measuring channels 1 and 2
Voltage scale measuring channels 1 and 2
Voltage offset measuring channels 1 and 2
Time scale samples values [s]
Time offset samples values [s]
Column name for the following sample values
Structure
string string string name;count name;value name;value name;value name;value name;name;name number;value;value
Calculations for a sample value (in brackets: row):
Time:
Time(13+) * Timebase(10) + Time Offset(11)
Voltage, for measuring channels 1 and 2 each:
Channel(13+) * Scale Channel(6/7) + Offset Channel(8/9)
69
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Menu item
Scope
>
Setting
Selection of the signal source for the display of measuring channel 1 (green course).
Note: The selection is depending on the CAN transceiver that is integrated in the PCAN-Diag.
Setting
CAN-H
CAN-SW(low)
CAN-SW(high)
Description
CAN_High signal from the D-Sub connector (High-speed CAN,
Low-speed CAN)
Single-wire CAN signal from the D-Sub connector.
The view can be adjusted according to the operating mode:
- low: normal or high-speed mode
- high: wake-up mode (higher voltage swing)
Off
Measuring channel 1 is not shown
70
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Selection of the signal source for the display of measuring channel 2 (white course).
Note: The selection is depending on the CAN transceiver that is integrated in the PCAN-Diag.
Setting Description
CAN-L
Probe (low)
CAN_Low signal from the D-Sub connector (High-speed CAN,
Low-speed CAN)
External signal from the BNC connector, voltage range -3 to +15 V
Probe (high)
CAN-L CAN-Diff
CAN-Diff
External signal from the BNC connector, voltage range -10 to +50 V
Difference of CAN_High and CAN_Low (High-speed CAN,
Low-speed CAN); display as blue course on the scope screen, either in addition to the CAN_Low signal or alone
Off
Display of the difference of CAN_High and CAN_Low with indicator for the zero line (marker)
Measuring channel 2 is not shown
Attention! The voltage of an external signal may have a
maximum of ±50 V. Higher voltages can lead to a defect of the device.
Depending on this setting the BNC connection is either used as trigger
output or as signal input. More information in chapter 10 on page 87.
71
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Selection of the event that triggers the sampling of the signals
(trigger event).
Setting
FrameStart
FrameEnd
Free-running
CAN ID
CAN Error pos. edge Ch2 neg. edge Ch2
Description
Start of a recognized CAN frame
End of a recognized CAN frame
Free-running sampling without trigger, the sample buffer is filled repeatedly
CAN frame with the CAN ID being indicated in the following
A faulty CAN frame
Rising or falling edge of the signal from measuring channel 2.
The trigger level is adjusted with
Level
on the scope screen.
Tip: The edge control can also be used for triggering by an external source if
Ch2 source
is either set to
Probe (low)
or to
Probe (high)
.
Triggering runs independently from the setting of the signal source for the two measuring channels (
Ch1 source
/
Ch2 source
).
If
CAN ID
is selected as trigger event, the CAN ID indicated here is used. Via
set CAN ID
you get to the corresponding settings.
Setting
Frame format
Frame type
CAN ID
Description
Length of the CAN ID (11 bit or 29 bit)
Data frame or remote frame (RTR)
Enter the CAN ID in hexadecimal format
72
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Setting
Yes
No
Description
Automatic vertical offset for the measuring channels 1 and 2
Manual adjustment of the offset on the scope screen with
Offs1
and
Offs2
Note: When adjusting manually with
Offs1
or
Offs2
, an activated auto-offset function is deactivated.
Setting
Yes
No
Description
Separate vertical offsets for the measuring channels 1 and 2
Common offset for both measuring channels. The manual adjustment on the scope screen is done with
Offs1
for both measuring channels.
Offs2
is not available.
Activates cursors for measurement of a time period. The cursors are moved on the scope screen with
C1
and
C2
.
Sets the oscilloscope's sample rate for both measuring channels.
Lower sample rates than 20 MS/s may be useful if you want to monitor a broader signal course. However, the resolution also decreases.
A part of the signal course is shown before the trigger point. The percentage indicates the part of the whole course. Possible ratios:
10:90, 50:50, 90:10
73
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Changes the buffer size and with this the record length. Smaller buffer sizes are useful if the repetition of the sampling run shall be faster.
The record length results from the quotient of the sample buffer size and the sample rate.
Example: 64 kSamples / 20 MS/s = 3.2 ms
Selects the fixpoint for zooming: left border, right border, or center.
Determines the type of display on the scope screen for CAN data being decoded from the signal course.
Setting
No
Description
The scope screen only shows the data of the decoded CAN frame above the grid.
74
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Setting
Yes
Description
In addition to the data of the CAN frame, the segments of the
CAN frame are displayed with markers in the signal course.
Segment label
Designation in the CAN specification 2.0
| (purple) SOF bit id Arbitration field dlc d0 - d7
Control field
Data field
Description
Frame start (dominant bit)
CAN ID and RTR bit
Number of data bytes
Data bytes ack eof
ERROR
ACK field
EOF field
Error flag
Reception control
Frame end (7 recessive bits)
Error frame
The internal trigger signal is also available externally on the BNC connector (not with
Ch2 source
=
Probe (low)
,
Probe (high)
).
Due to technical reasons the output is delayed. The delay time is indicated here.
You can find details about the delay in section 10.1 Trigger Output on page 87.
75
PCAN-Diag 2 – Oscilloscope Function
Determines the action when
F1
is selected on the scope screen:
Setting Description
Save BMP
Save data
A bitmap screenshot of the scope screen is saved on the internal memory card (file name: pict000.bmp with sequential number).
The contents of the sample buffer is saved to the internal memory card in CSV format (file name: data000.csv with sequential number).
Save BMP&data
A screenshot as well as the contents of the sample buffer are saved to the internal memory card. Both file names get the same number.
Access to the saved files is achieved from a PC via a USB
connection. See chapter 11 on page 91.
A screenshot of the scope screen and/or the contents of the sample buffer can be read and saved by a PC through a CAN connection.
Note: The CAN IDs 7E8h and 7E9h are used by this function and should not be assigned otherwise in the CAN net.
You can get more details about this function on request at our
customer support (see address on page 2).
Note: Use preferably the function
F1
on the Scope screen for saving scope data (see above). The possibility to transfer via
CAN is available for compatibility reasons to prior applications.
76
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
7
Main menu item
Projects
With projects the PCAN-Diag can quickly be adapted to different applications.
A project contains the following elements:
Project element
Device settings
Oscilloscope settings
Display settings for the D-Sub measurement
CAN transmit lists
Symbol files
Alternative splash screen Intro.bmp
Assigned area in the PCAN-Diag
Device Settings
Scope
>
Setting
Measurements
>
D-Sub Connector
>
Settings
CAN Data
>
Manage Transmit Lists
CAN Data
>
Manage Symbol Files
Shown when device is started
Using projects:
Projects are created and altered on a PC with the provided
Windows software PCAN-Diag Editor and then are transferred to the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag.
Any number of projects can be saved to the internal memory card.
During work with the PCAN-Diag a project can be loaded from the internal memory card.
If a new version of the active project is available on the internal memory card, the project is automatically loaded during startup of the PCAN-Diag.
Device-internal changes of the settings or of CAN transmit lists do not alter the affiliated project on the internal memory card.
77
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
Load Project
A project is selected from the internal memory card; the project's elements are loaded into the PCAN-Diag. Click on the name of the desired project in order to load it.
Note: When loading a project from the memory card, all current settings, transmit lists, and symbol files in the PCAN-Diag are overwritten.
The Default project contains basic settings for the PCAN-Diag.
Project
Shows the name of the active project. The active project is also indicated in the main menu.
At startup the PCAN-Diag checks if the project file on the internal memory card with the same name is newer than the initially loaded version. An updated project is automatically loaded.
Status
Indication Description no local modifications
No permanent changes have been made in the loaded project.
local modifications
One of the project elements listed above has been changed and saved permanently with
Save&OK
.
These changes do not alter the affiliated project on the internal memory card.
If you want to restore the initial project properties, reload the project with
Load Project
.
78
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
The procedure from creation of a project to the use in the PCAN-
Diag is divided into three phases:
Creating a project on a PC with the Windows program PCAN-
Diag Editor.
Transferring the project to the internal memory card of the
PCAN-Diag via USB connection.
Loading the project in the PCAN-Diag.
Do the following to create a project:
1. On the PC, start the PCAN-Diag Editor (PcanDiagEdt.exe).
You can find the program, for example, on the supplied CD in the following directory:
/Tools/PCAN-Diag/PCAN-DiagV2/Tools/
The elements of a project are listed on the tabs.
79
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
2. Adjust the settings for your application on the tabs Device
Settings, Scope Settings, and D-Sub Connector.
3. If needed, create one or more CAN Transmit Lists on the corresponding tab. The left panel contains the transmit lists, the right panel the CAN messages of a transmit list. Add new entries with the plus button beneath each panel.
4. On the Symbols tab select the symbol files that shall be available for the project. For adding use the plus button.
80
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
5. Save the created project on a data carrier with the Save button .
The given file name is from now on used as project name.
Do the following to transfer the project to the PCAN-Diag:
1. Connect the PCAN-Diag to the PC with the provided USB cable. The PCAN-Diag does not need to be switched on.
The Transfer to button in the PCAN-Diag Editor is not dimmed anymore but blue indicating the possibility for transfer. A text note in the lower Output panel indicates that the PCAN-Diag has been recognized.
81
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
2. Click on Transfer to and check the PCAN-Diag device in the dialog box Select Devices.
Tip: You can transfer the same configuration to several PCAN-
Diag devices at the same time if those are connected to the PC.
Select all devices with Select All.
82
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
3. Click on OK.
The project file (*.dpf) and the affiliated symbol files
(*.sym, *.syb) are transferred to the PCAN-Diag (progress indicator Transfer data). The used directory on the internal memory card is /PCAN-Diag/Projects/<project name>.
4. Disconnect the USB connection between the PC and the
PCAN-Diag.
Do the following to load the project in the PCAN-Diag:
1. In the PCAN-Diag select
Projects
>
Load Project
.
A list with projects available on the internal memory card is shown.
2. Click on the project that has been transferred before.
The project is now loaded and is shown as active project.
The active project is also indicated in the main menu.
Tip: You can get further information about the use of the PCAN-
Diag Editor in the program's help which is invoked via the Help button or the F1 key.
83
PCAN-Diag 2 – Configuring the Device with Projects
Each project can have an alternative splash screen in order to clarify already at startup which project is active. A bitmap file must be put into the corresponding project directory on the internal memory card. If it does not exist, the default splash screen is shown (Default project).
Properties of the splash screen
File name
Intro.bmp
Storage path on the internal memory card
/PCAN-Diag/Projects/<project name>/
Resolution
Color depth
320 x 240 pixels
24 bit
Do the following to integrate an alternative splash screen:
1. On a PC create a bitmap file with the key features from the table.
2. Establish a USB connection between the PC and the PCAN-
Diag.
In the PC the PCAN-Diag is handled as mass storage device.
3. Copy the created file Intro.bmp into the desired project directory (see table).
4. Disconnect the USB connection.
84
PCAN-Diag 2 – Maintenance Functions for the Device
8
Main menu item
Internal Statistics
The page gives an overview about the device's internals. The specifications are usually used for support.
Furthermore, hardware functions are available for maintenance of the device. They are described briefly in the following.
Important note: Misapplication of these functions can lead to the unavailability of the device. Use the functions only on request of PEAK-System's technical support.
Update Firmware
Firmware updates (*.bin) can be placed in the /PCAN-
Diag/Firmware/ directory on the internal memory card. With the update function a file is selected. Thereupon the update procedure is starting.
Factory Defaults
All settings are reset to their default states defined by the current firmware.
Bootloader
Starts the boot loader for a firmware update via CAN. The screen also shows the serial number of the PCAN-Diag.
85
PCAN-Diag 2 – Browsing the Internal Memory Card
9
Main menu item
Memory Card
The PCAN-Diag has functions to show directories and bitmaps from the internal memory card.
Note: The PCAN-Diag cannot access the memory card as long as a USB connection to a PC is established.
Show Directory
Shows the directories on the memory card in order to see which files exist.
View Bitmap
Only bitmap files (*.bmp) are shown in the directories (e.g. screenshots from the scope screen which have been created with the F1 function).
Click on a bitmap to view it; click again to leave the bitmap view.
86
PCAN-Diag 2 – BNC Connector
BNC connector on the rear of the device
The function of the BNC connector depends on the setting for measuring channel 2 (
Scope
>
Setting
>
Ch2 source
).
Setting Ch2 Function BNC
Off
CAN-L
CAN-L CAN-Diff
CAN-Diff
Trigger output
Probe (low)
Probe (high)
Input for an external signal for inspection and trigger purposes
Description in section
Attention! The voltage of an external signal may have a
maximum of ±50 V. Higher voltages can lead to a defect of the device.
Other measuring devices or oscilloscopes, e.g. not capable of CANspecific measurements, can pick off a trigger signal that is evoked by the internal oscilloscope function of the PCAN-Diag.
87
PCAN-Diag 2 – BNC Connector
The trigger output is active if the measuring channel 2 (Ch2) of the oscilloscope function is set to the CAN input:
Scope
>
Setting
>
Ch2 source
>
CAN-L
/
CAN-L CAN-Diff
/
CAN-Diff
When a trigger event occurs in the oscilloscope function, a trigger signal is output on the BNC connector with the following properties:
Trigger output
Idle state
Trigger event
Pulse duration
Delay to the internal trigger
+3.3 V
0 V (falling edge)
4 CAN bit timings, actual duration depending on the set
CAN bitrate
(at 500 kbit/s: 4 * 2 μs = 8 μs)
140 CAN bit timings, actual duration depending on the set
CAN bitrate; is displayed in the scope settings at
Scope
>
Setting
>
Trigger output delay
Course of the trigger signal, 20 μs/div
88
PCAN-Diag 2 – BNC Connector
Instead of the CAN signal CAN_Low the measuring channel 2 (Ch2) of the oscilloscope function can sample an external signal for inspection and trigger purposes coming from the BNC connector.
Attention! The voltage of an external signal may have a
maximum of ±50 V. Higher voltages can lead to a defect of the device.
The BNC connector is used as input if measuring channel 2 (Ch2) of the oscilloscope function is set as follows:
Scope
>
Settings
>
Ch2 source
>
Setting
Probe (low)
Probe (high)
Measuring range Maximum frequency
-3 - +15 V
1 MHz
-10 - +50 V
In addition the external signal is used as trigger if the triggering of the oscilloscope function is set as follows:
Scope
>
Settings
>
Trigger
>
Setting Triggering pos. edge Ch2
rising edge
neg. edge Ch2
falling edge
A probe can be used for the external signal (not in the scope of supply). Suitable is a standard probe without additional electronics, which is operated with setting x1. The x10 cannot be used.
89
PCAN-Diag 2 – BNC Connector
In order to establish a separate voltage ground connection between the PCAN-Diag and the measuring object, a ground socket (4 mm) is provided.
GND socket (4 mm) on the rear of the device
90
PCAN-Diag 2 – USB Connection with a PC
A USB connection to a PC is used for access to the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag. The PC's operating system binds the memory card into the file management, e.g. under Windows as mass storage device.
Internal memory card
Size
File system
Name of the USB device at least 1 GByte
FAT32
PCAN-DIAG
The memory card can also be accessed if the PCAN-Diag is switched off. At startup of the device the USB connection is briefly interrupted.
Before unplugging the USB cable from the PC or the PCAN-Diag, the device should be logged out of the operating system. This procedure ensures that the operating system has correctly finished a write process to the internal memory card of the PCAN-Diag.
Windows: Safely remove hardware icon in the taskbar notification area
91
PCAN-Diag 2 – USB Connection with a PC
Transferring projects onto the memory card of the PCAN-Diag
with the provided Windows program PCAN-Diag Editor (7.1
Creating and Loading a Project on page 79)
Access to the trace, bitmap, or CSV files created by the PCAN-
Diag
Storing an alternative splash screen in a project directory (7.2
Integrating an Alternative Splash Screen on page 84)
Placing a *.bin file for a firmware update into the directory
/PCAN-Diag/Firmware/
Storage space at your disposal
During a USB connection to a PC some functions of the PCAN-Diag are limited, because the device cannot access the internal memory card at the same time as the connected PC:
At startup no splash screen is shown.
A project cannot be loaded.
A symbol file cannot be loaded.
At startup the active project cannot be checked for an update.
The recording and playback of CAN traffic (trace) do not work.
The commands in the
Memory Card
menu do not work.
On the scope screen the F1 function for saving screenshots and/or sample buffer data cannot be used.
The bus load diagram cannot be saved as bitmap.
Help texts are not shown.
92
PCAN-Diag 2 – USB Connection with a PC
Directory - file Function
/PCAN-Diag/
Projects/<project name>/ Projects; a subdirectory with the project name for each project; Default: project with default settings
*.dpf
Fixed storage branch for files that are accessed by the PCAN-Diag or that are related to the device
Project file; is created with the supplied Windows program PCAN-Diag Editor; a file contains:
- settings
- CAN transmit lists
- links to symbol files
*.sym Symbol file in text format; can be created with the supplied Windows program PCAN Symbol Editor
*.syb
Symbol file in binary format; affiliated to the *.sym file with the same name; used by the PCAN-Diag for symbolic display
Intro.bmp pict000.bmp
Splash screen at startup of the device (320 x 240 pixels)
Screenshots of the scope screen and of the bus load diagram; numbering by the internal counter data000.csv trc00000.btr
Help/*.dhp
Data from the sample buffer; CSV format, used e.g. in spreadsheets; numbering by the internal counter
Binary-coded trace data from the recording function, usable for playback or otherwise after conversion on the PC; numbering by the internal counter
Files with the device help
Tools/
Software tools to be used with the PCAN-Diag (the following only lists the executables)
PcanDiagEdt.exe
Windows program PCAN-Diag Editor for creating projects
PcanSEdt.exe
Windows program PCAN Symbol Editor for creating symbol files
PEAK-Converter.exe
Firmware/*.bin
Windows program PEAK-Converter for converting of a recorded binary trace file (*.btr) into another format.
File(s) for updating the firmware
93
PCAN-Diag 2 – USB Connection with a PC
Directory - file
Documentation/
Function
Documentation about the PCAN-Diag, e.g. this manual
The PCAN-Diag is operational even without the directory branch
/PCAN-Diag/
on the internal memory card. However, no splash screen and no help texts are displayed. Furthermore, saving of screenshots, of data from the sample buffer, or of traces is not possible.
Tip: If the directory branch /PCAN-Diag/ is missing on the internal memory card, you can copy it from the supplied CD:
/Tools/PCAN-Diag/PCAN-DiagV2/
Alternatively, a ZIP package is available for download from the support area of our website: www.peak-system.com
94
PCAN-Diag 2 – Technical Specifications
Power supply
Supply voltage
Current consumption
Voltage auxiliary supply for
CAN transceiver
(D-Sub, pin 9)
Externally via supply socket:
12 V DC nominal, 8 - 50 V possible
Internally with 4 (rechargeable) batteries (size AA):
4 x 1.5 V or 4 x 1.2 V DC
The device does not charge inserted rechargeable batteries.
External supply:
8 V (min.):
12 V (nom.):
32 V:
300 mA
200 mA
83 mA
Operation with batteries:
5 V: 400 mA
High-speed CAN: no auxiliary supply
Low-speed CAN: 5 - 27 V DC
Single-wire CAN: 6 - 18 V DC
D-Sub connector
Number of pins 9 purposes
CAN
Standard transceiver
Other transceivers
(on request)
Termination
High-speed CAN ISO 11898-2 (PCA82C251)
Low-speed CAN ISO 11898-3 (TJA1054)
Single-wire CAN SAE J2411 (TH8056)
High-speed CAN (ISO 11898-2):
124 Ω between CAN_L and CAN_H, switchable
Low-speed CAN (ISO 11898-3):
1.1 kΩ or 4.7 kΩ, for CAN_L and CAN_H
Single-wire CAN (SAE J2411):
2.1 kΩ or 9.1 kΩ, bus load resistor
95
PCAN-Diag 2 – Technical Specifications
BNC connector
Functions
Trigger output
Trigger output or measuring input
Voltage idle state
Voltage trigger event
Pulse duration
+3.3 V
0 V (falling edge)
4 CAN bit timings, actual duration depending on the set CAN bitrate
(at 500 kbit/s: 4 * 2 μs = 8 μs)
Delay to the internal trigger 140 CAN bit timings, actual duration depending on the set CAN bitrate; is displayed in the scope settings
Signal input
Use
Input voltage ranges
Maximum input voltage
Maximum frequency input signal
Probe usage
Oscilloscope function, measuring channel 2 (Ch2), for inspection of signals
-3 - +15 V (low)
-10 - +50 V (high)
±50 V
1 MHz
Standard probe without additional electronics
(not in the scope of supply)
Setting x1
Oscilloscope function
Measuring channels
Sampling frequency
Capacity sample buffer
Trigger types
Pretrigger
Resolution time measurement
CAN-specific functions
Data transfer
1: CAN_H
2: CAN_L or BNC connector (max. 1 MHz) max. 20 MS/s per measuring channel max. 64,000 samples
CAN frame start/end, CAN ID, CAN error, rising/falling edge measuring channel 2; alternatively free-run mode
10 %, 50 %, 90 %
50 ns (depending on zoom)
Decoding of the recorded signal course
Screenshot of the current scope screen
Contents of the sample buffer as CSV file
96
PCAN-Diag 2 – Technical Specifications
Internal memory card
Size
File system
Name of the USB device
Ingress protection
(IEC 60529) at least 1 GByte
FAT32
PCAN-DIAG
Display
Type OLED
Resolution 320 x 240 pixels
Measures
Size
Weight
103 x 58 x 212 (225 with BNC connector) mm
(W x H x L)
See also dimension drawing Appendix B on page 99
400 g (14.1 oz.) (without batteries)
Environment
Operating temperature
Temperature for storage and transport
Relative humidity
0 - +50 °C (+32 - +122 °F)
-40 - +80 °C (-40 - +176 °F)
15% - 90%, not condensing
EC directive 2004/108/EG
EN 55011
IP20
97
PCAN-Diag 2 – Appendix
98
PCAN-Diag 2 – Appendix
The figure does not show the original size; dimensions for case without rubber sleeve
99
PCAN-Diag 2 – Appendix
Acoustic feedback act (status indication)
Auxiliary supply transceiver
Batteries
→ Chimes
20
14 indicator for remaining capacity 20
Battery icon
Beeper
Bitrate
20
→ Chimes determine automatically set up user-defined
BNC connector
Bus Load (menu item)
Bus load measurement
Bus status indication
Button on rear of device push dial
C1 C2 (Scope)
CAN decode signal course display transceiver type set termination
CAN Data (menu item)
CAN frame mark structure (scope)
CAN messages display incoming (hex) symbolic display
CAN Termination (menu item)
CAN traffic play back
CE certificate
Chimes
D-Sub measurement switch off
28
31
56
51
98
59
26
66
27
23
28
74
22
22
87
54
54
20
18
18
64
100
Configuration with a project
Connector
77
BNC 87
CAN (D-Sub) 13 ground 15 binary trace file
Counter for file names explanation files
CSV file convert from trace structure sample dump
52
93
52
69 determining the device's date 19 set 19
Decode (Scope)
Default settings
66
85
Delay (Scope)
Device settings
62
21
Device Settings (menu entry) 21
Dimensions 99 measure voltages
D-Sub Connector (menu item)
58
58
External Signal inspection 89
F1 (Scope)
File names
68 reset index
Files on the memory card
Firmware update
27
93
85 disconnect at CAN connector 26
Ground Socket
Internal Statistics (menu item)
15
85
64
L (status indication) 21
Level (Scope) 62
PCAN-Diag 2 – Appendix
Listen-only mode
Low-speed CAN set termination
Low-voltage socket
24
16
Manage Symbol Files (menu item) 32
Manage Transmit Lists (menu item)47
Measurements (menu item) 54
Measuring channels set source
Memory card
70
Memory Card (menu item)
Multiplexers (symbol file)
Observation mode off (status indication)
Offs1 Offs2 (Scope)
Offset vertical for curve display
Oscilloscope function buffer size external signal record length pas (status indication)
PC connection (USB)
Play Back Trace (menu item)
Plug icon
Power saver
Project configure device create (Windows)
Projects (menu item)
Push button on rear of device push dial
Push dial
86
38
20
65
65
77
79
77
18
18
18
74
89
74
20
91
51
20
26
101
R (status indication) 20
28 item) 31
Rechargeable batteries insert 16 recharge (externally) 16
Run (Scope)
Sample buffer
66
68
Sample rate adjust 73
Scope (menu item) 60
12 dimmer 26 oscilloscope view 61
Setting (Scope) 70 device 21 oscilloscope function 70
Signal display of measuring channels 61 set source
Single (Scope)
Single-wire CAN
70
66 set operation mode
Switch interlock for push dial
Switch on
Switch-off function
25
25
Status indication
84
20
Supply 15
16
18
18
26
18
34
T (status indication)
T=0 (Scope)
Technical specifications
Termination
20
62
95 measure 56 set internal 23
Thresholds for D-Sub measurement
59
PCAN-Diag 2 – Appendix
Time determining the device's time 19
Transmit list creation in PCAN-Diag 47 set 19 45
Time measurement signal course 64
Trace play back 51
Trigger adjust level 62 external 89 use on PC
Trace Messages (menu item)
Transceiver
52
49 set event
USB connection with a PC
87
72 auxiliary supply
Transceiver type
14 Vector trace format
Voltage measurement D-Sub
91
52
58 display 27
Transfer rate
→ Bitrate
15
Wake-up mode (Single-wire CAN) 25
Zoom (Scope) 62
102
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