GFI EventsManager Manual
Διαφήμιση
Διαφήμιση
GFI EventsManager 2010
Manual
http://www.gfi.com [email protected]
This manual was produced by GFI Software Ltd. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Companies, names, and data used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of GFI Software Ltd.
GFI EventsManager is developed by GFI Software Ltd. GFI EventsManager is copyright of GFI Software Ltd.
2000-2010 GFI Software Ltd. All rights reserved.
Document Version: ESM-UM-EN-2.02.00
Last updated: November 11, 2010
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1
About this manual
1.2
Conventions used in this manual
1.3
About GFI EventsManager
1.4
Key Features
1.5
How does GFI EventsManager work?
1.6
Navigating the GFI EventsManager management console
2 Installation
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Hardware requirements
2.3
Software requirements
2.4
Other requirements
2.5
Upgrading from a previous version
2.6
Installation procedure
3 Getting Started
3.1
Introduction
3.2
Running GFI EventsManager for the first time
3.3
Step 1: Configure the database backend
3.4
Step 2: Launch events processing
3.5
Step 3: Analyze events and generate reports
4 Event browsing
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Event filter/query builder
4.3
Event color-coding options
4.4
Event finder tool
4.5
Export events tool
4.6
Customizing the event viewer pane
4.7
Event maintenance
5 Generating reports
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Daily Digest
5.3
Download the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
5.4
Launching the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
6 Manage event sources
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Managing event sources groups
37
37
40
45
48
48
49
51
21
21
25
25
29
34
55
55
55
58
59
61
61
61
11
11
14
14
15
17
17
1
1
2
3
4
7
9
6.3
Adding event sources
6.4
Configuring event source properties
6.5
Adding Database Server sources
6.6
Configuring SQL Servers event source properties
6.7
Adding GFI LANguard event sources
6.8
Adding GFI EndPointSecurity event sources
7 Using event processing rules
7.1
Introduction
7.2
How event processing works
7.3
Collecting events
7.4
Archiving events
7.5
Select event processing rules
7.6
Triggering event source scanning manually
8 Manage rule-sets
8.1
Introduction
8.2
Managing rule set folders
8.3
Create log rules
8.4
Advanced event filtering parameters
9 Customizing alerts and actions
9.1
Introduction
9.2
Configuring default classification actions
9.3
Configuring alerting options
10 Configuring users and groups
10.1
Introduction
10.2
Manage user accounts
10.3
Manage groups
10.4
Manage console security
11 Status monitoring
11.1
Introduction
11.2
General status view
11.3
Job activity view
11.4
Statistics view
12 Database Operations
12.1
Introduction
12.2
Why database maintenance?
12.3
Create maintenance jobs
12.4
Edit existing maintenance jobs
13 Miscellaneous
13.1
Enabling permissions on target computers manually
13.2
Setting permissions on target computers automatically via GPO
13.3
Disable UAC to scan target machines
13.4
Command line operations
13.5
Product licensing
146
146
147
154
156
163
163
164
170
173
175
175
175
177
192
197
197
212
217
218
222
111
111
112
114
135
137
137
138
140
87
87
89
90
105
108
110
67
69
76
78
82
84
13.6
Version information
14 Troubleshooting
14.1
Introduction
14.2
Common issues
14.3
Knowledge Base
14.4
Web Forum
14.5
Request technical support
14.6
Build notifications
15 Glossary
Index
224
225
225
225
229
229
229
229
231
235
List of tables
Table 1 - Ports used by GFI EventsManager
Table 2 - Firewall permissions to enable
Table 3 - Quick Launch Console options
Table 4 - Event source group options
Table 5 - Synchronization properties - General tab
Table 6 - Example of synchronizations
Table 8 - Rule-set folders available in GFI EventsManager
Table 9 - Parameters available in the Event ID field
Table 10 - Parameters available in the Source, Category and User fields
Table 11 - Parameters available in the Message and Process fields
Table 12 - Move to database - Rollover options
Table 13 - Terms used in this manual
List of screenshots
Screenshot 1 - The GFI EventsManager management console
Screenshot 2 - Customer and License detail screen
Screenshot 3 - Logon information screen
Screenshot 4 - Windows event log
Screenshot 5 - Database backend alert displayed on Quick Start Dialog
Screenshot 6 - Database Options - Change database tab
– SQL Server Management – Logins folder
– SQL Server Management – Login Properties dialog
Screenshot 9 - Quick Start Dialog
Screenshot 10 - Events processed from local machine
Screenshot 11 - Select the type of event source
Screenshot 12 - Select computers from result
Screenshot 13 - Process events from selected machines
Screenshot 14 - GFI EventsManager Quick Launch Console
Screenshot 15 - GFI EventsManager: Events Browser
Screenshot 16 - Event details provided in the Events Browser
Screenshot 18 - Selecting a filter
Screenshot 19 - GFI EventsManager: Events Browser
Screenshot 20- Custom query builder
– Query builder for an existing query
– Create new query using the query builder
Screenshot 23 - Default and custom event queries
Screenshot 25 - Assigning event color-codes
Screenshot 26 - Advanced Color Filter
Screenshot 27 - Event finder tool
Screenshot 28 - Export events tool
Screenshot 29 - Customize view: columns
Screenshot 30 - Customize view
Screenshot 31 - Backup events dialog box
– Add a new database from the switch database dialog
Screenshot 33 - Clear all events dialog box
– Downloading GFI EventsManager ReportPack
Screenshot 37 - Launching the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
Screenshot 38 - GFI EventsManager ReportPack console
Screenshot 39 - Add new event source group
Screenshot 40 - Synchronization properties - General tab
Screenshot 41 - Synchronization properties - Exclusion tab
Screenshot 42 - Synchronization properties -Schedule tab
Screenshot 43 - Configuration wizard: Specify the computers that will be monitored
– Browse the network for connected computers
Screenshot 46 - Event sources properties dialog
Screenshot 47 - Configuring alternative logon credentials
Screenshot 48 - Specify operational time
Screenshot 49 - GFI EventsManager audit
Screenshot 50 - Event-processing configuration tabs
Screenshot 51 - Creating a new SQL Server group
Screenshot 52 - Database Servers Groups
Screenshot 53 - Add a new Microsoft SQL Server
Screenshot 54 - Select Microsoft SQL Server(s)
Screenshot 55 - Database Servers Groups
Screenshot 57 - Microsoft SQL Server group properties
Screenshot 58 - The SQL Server Group properties dialog
Screenshot 59 - Event generated by GFI LANguard
Screenshot 60 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Critical and High importance events
Screenshot 61 - Event generated by GFI EndPointSecurity
Screenshot 62 - Rule-sets folder and Rule-sets
Screenshot 63 - Log processing, classification and actions flowchart
Screenshot 64 - Computer group properties: Configuring logs to be processed
Screenshot 65 - Computer group properties: Configuring Windows Event Logs parameters
Screenshot 66 - Selecting the events to be collected
Screenshot 67 - Computer group properties: Configuring W3C event processing parameters
Screenshot 69 - Computer group properties: Syslog processing parameters
Screenshot 70 - Configuring Syslog Server
Screenshot 71- Syslog server properties
Screenshot 72 - Computer group properties: SNMP processing parameters
Screenshot 73 - Configuring SNMP Traps
Screenshot 74- SNMP Traps options
Screenshot 75 - Custom event logs setup
Screenshot 76 - Custom event logs dialog
Screenshot 77 - List of custom events
Screenshot 78 - Archiving events after processing
Screenshot 80 - Computer group properties: Configuring Windows Event Logs parameters
Screenshot 81 - Selecting event processing rules/rule-sets
Screenshot 82 - Triggering log collection manually
Screenshot 83 - The log type drop-down list
Screenshot 84 - New rule-set dialog box
Screenshot 85 - Selecting log-type from the provided drop-down
Screenshot 86 - GFI EventsManager: Select the Log(s)
Screenshot 87 - GFI EventsManager: Select the filtering conditions
Screenshot 88 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
Screenshot 89 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
Screenshot 90 - New processing rule wizard: Select W3C Log
Screenshot 91 - New processing rule wizard: Configure filtering conditions.
Screenshot 93 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
Screenshot 94 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
Screenshot 95 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions 122
Screenshot 96 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
Screenshot 97 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
Screenshot 98 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions
Screenshot 99 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
Screenshot 100 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
Screenshot 101 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions
Screenshot 102 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
Screenshot 103 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
–Updated conditions for the selected rule
– Edit an existing custom rule
Screenshot 108 - Log processing rule properties
Screenshot 109 - Available field operators
Screenshot 110 - Configuring default classification actions
Screenshot 111 - Default classification actions screen
Screenshot 112 - Configuring alerting options
Screenshot 113 - Alerting options dialog
Screenshot 114- Mail server properties dialog box
Screenshot 115- Format mail message
Screenshot 116 - Alerting Options: Network dialog box
Screenshot 117 - Alerting Options: SMS dialog box
Screenshot 118 - Alerting Options: SNMP dialog box
Screenshot 119 - Configuring users and groups node 146
Screenshot 120 - Configuring the default EventsManagerAdministrator account 147
Screenshot 121 - EventsManager Administrator properties
Screenshot 122 - Configuring the typical working hours of an alert recipient
Screenshot 123 - Selecting alerts to be sent during and outside working hours
Screenshot 124 - Notification groups to which a user belongs
Screenshot 125 - Configuring GFI EventsManager administrator privileges
Screenshot 126 - GFI EventsManager new user privileges
Screenshot 127 - Groups configuration screen
Screenshot 128 - New groups setup
Screenshot 129 - Select the login options feature
Screenshot 130 - Login options dialog
Screenshot 132 - Select the Audit options feature
Screenshot 133 - Audit Options
Screenshot 134 - Auto-discovery credentials
Screenshot 135 - Dashboard View Options
Screenshot 136 - GFI EventsManager status: General view
Screenshot 137 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Service Status
Screenshot 138 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Important logon events 165
Screenshot 139 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Critical and High
Screenshot 140 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Service Status
Screenshot 141 - GFI EventsManager Backup logs
Screenshot 142 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Services Status
Screenshot 143 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Network Activity
Screenshot 144 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view
Screenshot 145 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Active Jobs 171
Screenshot 146 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Queued Jobs 171
Screenshot 147 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Server Message History 171
Screenshot 148 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Operational History
Screenshot 149 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Job activity status
Screenshot 150 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view 173
Screenshot 151 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Events Count For Today 173
Screenshot 152 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Events count by log type 174
Screenshot 153 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Activity Overview 174
Screenshot 154 - Configuring Database Operations 177
Screenshot 155 - Database Operations Options dialog: GFI EventsManager unique identifier
Screenshot 156 - Database Operations Options dialog: Scheduling options
Screenshot 157 - New job wizard: Job Type dialog
Screenshot 158 - Data filter dialog: Specifying data filter conditions
Screenshot 159 - Specify when the job will be executed
Screenshot 160 - New job wizard: Move to database
Screenshot 161 - New job wizard: Export to file
Screenshot 162 - New job wizard: Export to file using encryption
Screenshot 163 - New job wizard: Import from file
Screenshot 164 - New job wizard: Import from file decryption
Screenshot 165 - New job wizard: Delete data
Screenshot 166 - Data filter dialog
Screenshot 167 - Creating a filter for Windows events: Edit filter dialog
Screenshot 168 - Advanced Filter settings
Screenshot 169 - Viewing scheduled maintenance jobs
Screenshot 170 - Job activity status
Screenshot 171 - Editing a maintenance job
Screenshot 172 - Example dialog to edit a scheduled job
Screenshot 173 - Maintenance job priorities
– Firewall rules on Microsoft Windows XP
Screenshot 175 - Local security policy window
– Audit object access Properties
– Audit process tracking Properties
– Audit account management properties
– Audit system events properties
– Allowed programs in Microsoft Windows Vista or later
Screenshot 181 - Local security policy window
– Audit object access Properties
– Audit process tracking Properties
– Audit account management properties
– Audit system events properties
– Enable firewall rules in Microsoft Windows Server 2003
– Firewall rules on Microsoft Windows Server 2008
– Domain Policy console in Microsoft Windows Server 2003
– Group Policy Management in Microsoft Windows Server 2008
– Group Policy Management Editor
Screenshot 193 - Update license key
Screenshot 194 - Version Information screen
1 Introduction
1.1 About this manual
This manual is structured in line with the logical chain of configuration operations required to get GFI EventsManager up and running.
Chapter
Chapter 1
Description
An overview of this manual and how GFI EventsManager works.
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Describes how to install GFI EventsManager, including system requirements, pre-install actions required and how to upgrade from previous versions.
Shows how to configure GFI EventsManager for first time use, including how to configure the database backend and how to process event logs for the first time.
Explains how to use the built-in events browser to analyze events stored in the
GFI EventsManager database backend, including:
Default event log queries and custom query builder
Event color-coding
Event finder tool.
Describes how to enable the GFI EventsManager ReportPack to create reports that further analyze the events stored in the GFI EventsManager database backend. In addition describes how to configure a user to receive GFI
EventsManager Daily Digest email.
Shows how to customize the event sources to be monitored.
Explains how to use event processing rules.
Describes how to create, edit and delete event processing rules.
Customizing alerts and actions
Shows how to set the alerts and actions that will be triggered on particular events.
GFI EventsManager manual Introduction
1
Chapter
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Description
Explains how to configure alert recipient parameters including:
Personal details such as mobile phone number
Normal working hours
Type of alerts that will be sent to every recipient.
Describes how to analyze the status of GFI EventsManager as well as view statistical information and processed events.
Explains how to centralize events collected by other remote GFI
EventsManager instances and how to optimize database backend performance.
Describes miscellaneous options such as permissions, command line operations and licensing.
Explains what main sources of information are available to help administrators troubleshoot product issues.
Defines technical terms used within GFI EventsManager.
1.2 Conventions used in this manual
The following table contains a description of the common terms and conventions used in this manual:
Term Description
Additional information and references essential for the operation of GFI
EventsManager.
►
Bold text
<Italic text>
Important notifications and cautions regarding potential issues that are commonly encountered.
Step by step navigation instructions to access a function.
Indicate a control within the user interface, such as nodes, menus and buttons.
Replace text within angle brackets. Such as file paths and custom parameters.
For any technical terms and their definitions as used in this manual, refer to Glossary
chapter in this manual.
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Introduction GFI EventsManager manual
1.3 About GFI EventsManager
Figure 1 - GFI EventsManager integrates into any existing IT infrastructure
GFI EventsManager is a results oriented event log management solution which integrates into any existing IT infrastructure, automating and simplifying the tasks involved in network-wide events management.
Through the features supported by GFI EventsManager you can:
Automatically collect W3C, Syslog, SNMP Traps and Windows events from network devices and Windows/Linux/Unix based systems and manage them through one console.
Archive collected events in a centralized SQL Server based database backend for future analysis and forensic studies.
Automatically transfer events from the database to external files.
Filter unwanted events and classify key events through the use of powerful default or custom-built event processing rules.
Automate alerting and remedial actions such as the execution of scripts and files on key events.
Monitor your network activity and the status of your GFI EventsManager scanning engine through a built-in graphical dashboard.
GFI EventsManager manual Introduction
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Analyze events through a built-in events browser as well as export these events to CSV files for further processing and report customization.
Simplify event forensics through specialized tools which include a built-in event query builder, an event finder tool and an event color-coding tool.
Increase event processing power through a high-performance event scanning engine.
Generate, schedule as well as email event activity and trend reports through GFI
EventsManager ReportPack - the powerful reporting companion tool which ships by default with GFI EventsManager.
Monitor the operational health status of your SQL Servers in real-time by processing the activity logs/messages generated by day-to-day SQL Server operations.
1.4 Key Features
Extended event log support
GFI EventsManager is able to process various event log types including Windows
Event Logs, W3C logs, Syslog and SNMP Trap messages. This allows you to collect more data from the different hardware and software systems that are most commonly available on a typical corporate network. For a summary list of hardware and software systems that are supported by GFI EventsManager out of-the-box refer to: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003302 .
Rule-based event log management
GFI EventsManager ships with a pre-configured set of event processing rules that allow you to filter and classify events collected from a variety of event-log sources.
You can run these default rules without performing any configuration or you can choose to customize these rules or create tailored ones that suite your network infrastructure. For a list of event-log sources that can be processed by GFI Events out-of-the-box refer to: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002868 .
Event log scanning profiles
GFI EventsManager allows you to organize event log scanning rules into Scanning
Profiles. In a scanning profile, you can configure the set of event log monitoring rules that will be applied to a specific computer or group of computers. The benefits of these profiles include:
The simplification product administration tasks by providing a centralized way of tuning event processing rules.
Allowing administrators to create different sets of event log rules that suit the roles of scanned event sources and the corporate network environment. For
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Introduction GFI EventsManager manual
example, you can setup a set of rules which apply only to workstations in a particular department.
Allow granular configuration of rules
Administrators can create an event processing profile that is generic for all computers and a number of separate profiles which complement the generic profile by providing additional and more specialized event log rules on a computer by computer basis.
Translates cryptic Windows events
One major drawback of Windows Event Logs is that they are not user friendly - too cryptic for the user to understand. In fact this is one of the main reasons why only few administrators really peer into Windows Event Logs. GFI EventsManager overcomes this problem by translating event descriptions into a way that is more users friendly and easier to understand.
Enhanced event scanning engine
GFI EventsManager includes an event scanning engine that has been tuned to effectively speed up event scanning for maximum performance. This engine adopts a plug-in based concept that allows the plugging-in of additional features/modules without having to perform physical changes to the existing code - hence more stability without effecting scalability.
Automatic noise reduction
GFI EventsManager identifies and removes unwanted event data (such as noise and background process generated events) providing you with only the relevant, usable data. Hence facilitates event forensics by reducing the amount of events to be analyzed.
Enhanced real-time actions
GFI EventsManager can generate alerts or trigger actions such as script execution when key events are detected. You can alert one or more people in various ways including: email, network messages, and SMS notifications sent through an email-to-
SMS gateway or service. Actions can be configured to trigger on event classification or by configuring specific conditions in event processing rules.
Advanced event filtering features
GFI EventsManager ships with a number of event filtering features including:
Pre-configured event queries and a custom event query builder: The preconfigured event queries allow you to sift event log data and browse only the required events - without deleting any records from your database backend. The built-in event query builder allows you to create your own custom event queries.
GFI EventsManager manual Introduction
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Event color-coding capabilities: Through this feature you can selectively color particular events in specific colors. This way during log browsing you can easily identify important events through their color.
Event finder tool: With this tool you can quickly locate important events by providing specific search criteria such as event type.
Event centralization
GFI EventsManager enables you to monitor and manage events generated by
Windows\Linux\Unix systems, network devices and software applications through a single user console.
User access privileges
GFI EventsManager allows you to assign management console access privileges on a user-by-user basis. This means that you can allow specific users to access the GFI
EventsManager console for event-browsing only and at the same time allow other more privileged users to access and change the GFI EventsManager configuration settings.
SQL Server audit
GFI EventsManager allows you to automatically monitor the operational health status of your SQL Servers. This is achieved by processing in real-time the activity logs/messages generated by day-to-day SQL Server operations. SQL server activity that is monitored includes server startup, login activity, backups, server-side traces and more. Additionally, GFI EventsManager can also alert you via email, network or
SMS notifications on key events like server shutdown and consecutive failed logins.
Database operations (WAN Connector)
The Database Operations module allows you to collect events data from GFI
EventsManager installations on multiple sites and locations across your network into a central database. This add-on integrates and centralizes events collected and processed and allows you to backup/restore events on demand. Through Database
Operations you can manage the size of the database - without the need for manual intervention - not only through centralization but by also being able to export events and back them up as needed.
Management Information Base
Management Information Base (MIBs) contain definitions and device information that are provided by device manufacturers. GFI EventsManager ships with MIB definitions for the following vendors: Cisco, 3Com, IBM, HP, Check Point, Alcatel, Dell, Netgear,
SonicWall, Juniper Networks, Arbor Networks, Oracle, Symantec, Allied Telesis and others. GFI EventsManager also allows you to edit the MIB tree.
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Introduction GFI EventsManager manual
1.5 How does GFI EventsManager work?
Figure 2 - The GFI EventsManager operational stages
The operational functionality of GFI EventsManager is divided into 2 stages:
Stage 1: Event Collection
GFI EventsManager manual Introduction
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Stage 2: Event Processing
A description of every stage is provided below.
Stage 1: Event Collection
During the Event Collection stage, GFI EventsManager collects logs from specific event sources. This is achieved through the use of 2 event collection engines: The
Event Retrieval Engine and the Event Receiving Engine.
The Event Retrieval Engine - The Event Retrieval Engine is used to collect
Windows Event Logs and W3C logs from networked event sources. During the Event
Collection process this engine will:
1. Log-on to the event source(s)
2. Collect events from the source(s)
3. Send collected events to the GFI EventsManager Server
4. Log-off from the event source(s).
The Event Retrieval Engine collects events at specific time intervals. The event collection interval is configurable from the GFI EventsManager management console.
The Event Receiving Engine - The Event Receiving Engine acts as a Syslog and an SNMP Traps server; it listens and collects Syslog and SNMP Trap events/messages sent by various sources on the network. As opposed to the Event
Retrieval Engine, the Event Receiving Engine receives messages directly from the event source; therefore it does not require to remotely log-on to the event sources for event collection. Further to this, Syslog and SNMP Trap events/messages are collected in real-time and therefore no collection time intervals need to be configured.
By default, the Event Receiving Engine listens to Syslog messages on port 514 and to SNMP Trap messages on port 162. Both port settings are however customizable via the GFI EventsManager management console.
Stage 2: Event Processing
During this stage, GFI EventsManager will run a set of Event Processing Rules against collected events. Event Processing rules are instructions that:
Analyze the collected logs and classify processed events as Critical, High,
Medium, Low or Noise (unwanted or repeated events)
Filter events that match specific conditions
Trigger email, SMS and network alerts on key events
Trigger remediation actions such as the execution of executable files or scripts on key events
Optionally archive collected events in the database backend.
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Introduction GFI EventsManager manual
GFI EventsManager can be configured to archive events without running Event
Processing rules. In such cases, even though no rules will be applied against collected logs, archiving will still be handled by the Event Processing stage.
After processing the rules, GFI EventsManager can be configured to store the collected events in a storage folder. The administrator can configure the path of the storage folder and configure which events are stored. This function will minimize database growth, and allows the administrator to store only important events in the database.
Some of the key modules in GFI EventsManager must run under administrative privileges. For more information on these modules refer to: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID001122 .
1.6 Navigating the GFI EventsManager management console
Screenshot 1 - The GFI EventsManager management console
Section Description
Status option - Use this option to view the status of GFI EventsManager and statistical information on processed logs.
Configuration option - Use this option to access and configure the main event processing options.
Events Browser - Use this option to browse the events stored in the GFI
EventsManager database backend.
GFI EventsManager manual Introduction
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Section Description
Reporting - Use this option to download and install the GFI EventsManager ReportPack.
General options - Use this option to check for product updates, as well as view version and licensing details.
Tab options - Use the Tab options to access and configure GFI EventsManager operational parameters.
Group Type - Use this drop-down to switch between event log source groups (i.e.
Computer and Database Servers Groups).
Left pane - Use this pane to navigate through the additional configuration options provided in GFI EventsManager.
Right pane - Event browsing and parameter configuration pane.
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Introduction GFI EventsManager manual
2 Installation
2.1 Introduction
Where can I install GFI EventsManager on my network?
GFI EventsManager can be installed on any computer which meets the minimum system requirements irrespective of the location on your network.
Use GFI EventsManager to manage the events generated:
On the same computer where it is installed
On all the computers that are reachable from the computer on which it is installed.
Figure 3 - GFI EventsManager deployment scenario
GFI EventsManager can be deployed:
1. Within your network to monitor the activity of internal servers and workstations/end points.
2. On the DMZ to monitor and manage the events generated on your servers.
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2.1.1 Deployment of GFI EventsManager on a local area network
GFI EventsManager can be deployed on Windows based networks as well as on mixed environments where Linux and UNIX systems are being used as well.
Figure 4 - Deployment of GFI EventsManager on LAN
When installed on a Local Area Network (LAN) GFI EventsManager can manage
Windows events, W3C event logs, Syslog messages, SNMP Trap and SQL Server audit messages generated by any hardware or software that is connected to the
LAN, including:
Workstations and Servers (e.g. Apache web-servers)
Network appliances (e.g. Cisco PIX firewalls)
Third party software (e.g. GFI EndPointSecurity)
Specialized Services (e.g. Microsoft Internet Information Server - IIS)
PABXs, Keyless Access Systems, Intrusion detections systems, etc.
When installed on a LAN, GFI EventsManager can also be used to collect events from hardware and software systems deployed on a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Since a firewall or a router usually protects this zone with network traffic filtering capabilities, you must make sure that:
1. The communication ports used by GFI EventsManager are not blocked by the firewall. For more information on the communication ports used by GFI
EventsManager refer: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002770 .
2. That GFI EventsManager has administrative privileges over the computers that are running on the DMZ.
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Installation GFI EventsManager manual
2.1.2 Deployment of GFI EventsManager on a demilitarized zone
Figure 5 - The DMZ sits between the internal LAN and the Internet
GFI EventsManager can also be deployed on a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). This is the neutral network which sits between the “internal” corporate network and the “outside world” (i.e. the internet). The deployment of GFI EventsManager on a DMZ helps you automate the management of events generated by DMZ hardware and software systems.
Automate management of Web and Mail server events
DMZ networks are normally used for the running of hardware and software systems that have internet specific roles such as HTTP servers, FTP servers, and Mail servers.
Hence, you can deploy GFI EventsManager to automatically manage the events generated by:
Linux/Unix based web-servers including the W3C web-logs generated by Apache web-servers on LAMP web platforms.
Windows based web-servers including the W3C web-logs generated by Microsoft
Internet Information Servers (IIS).
Linux/Unix and Windows based mail-servers including the Syslog auditing services messages generated by Sun Solaris v. 9 or later.
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Automate management of DNS server events
If you have a public DNS server, there‟s a good chance that you are running a DNS server on the DMZ. Hence you can use GFI EventsManager to automatically collect and process DNS server events including those stored in your Windows‟ DNS Server logs.
Automate management of network appliance events
Routers and firewalls are two network appliances commonly found in a DMZ.
Specialized routers and firewalls (e.g. Cisco IOS series routers) not only help protect your internal network, but provide specialized features such as Port Address
Translation (PAT) that can augment the operational performance of your systems.
By deploying GFI EventsManager on your DMZ, you can collect the events generated by such network appliances. For example, you can configure GFI
EventsManager to act as a Syslog Server and collect in real-time the Syslog messages generated by Cisco IOS routers.
2.2 Hardware requirements
Processor: 2.5 GHz dual core or higher
RAM: 2048 MB
Hard disk: 10 GB of available space
Hard disk size depends on your environment, the size specified in the requirements is the minimum required to install and archive events.
2.3 Software requirements
Software requirements - Installation machine(s)
Supported Operating Systems
Windows Server 2008 - Standard or Enterprise (x86 or x64)
Windows Server 2008 R2 - Enterprise
Windows Server 2003 (SP2) - Standard or Enterprise (x86 or x64)
Windows 2000 (SP4) - Server or Advanced Server
Windows 7 - Enterprise, Professional or Ultimate (x86 or x64)
Windows Vista - Enterprise, Business or Ultimate (x86 or x64)
Windows XP - Professional (x86 or x64)
Windows SBS 2008
Windows SBS 2003
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Other components
.NET framework 2.0 Service Pack 2 or later.
Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 2.8 or later
Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 2.8 can be downloaded from http://www.microsoft.com/Downloads/details.aspx?familyid=6C050FE3-
C795-4B7D-B037-185D0506396C&displaylang=en
(Optional) A mail server (If email alerting is configured)
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 or later (including Microsoft SQL Express edition) for events archiving.
Microsoft SQL server must have TCP port 1433 open to store events collected by GFI EventsManager. For more information, refer to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/287932
Software requirements - Scanned machine(s)
For Microsoft Windows event log scanning: o Remote registry service must be enabled.
W3C log scanning: o The source folders must be accessible via Windows shares.
Syslog and SNMP Traps: o Sources/senders must be configured to send messages to the computer/IP address where GFI EventsManager is installed.
2.4 Other requirements
2.4.1 Ports and permissions that must be enabled
Ports used by GFI EventsManager
Table 1 below describes the ports used by GFI EventsManager to process and
collect events from target computers.
Table 1 - Ports used by GFI EventsManager
Port
135
139 and 445
Protocol
UDP and TCP
UDP and TCP
Description
Target machines use this port to publish information regarding available dynamic ports. GFI
EventsManager uses this information to be able to communicate with the target machines.
Used by GFI EventsManager to retrieve the event log descriptions from target machines.
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Port
162
514
1433
Protocol
UDP and TCP
UDP and TCP
UDP and TCP
7787 and 7788
UDP and TCP
Description
Used by GFI EventsManager to receive SNMP traps.
Ensure that this port is open on the machine where
GFI EventsManager is installed
Used by GFI EventsManager to receive SYSLOG messages.
Used by GFI EventsManager to communicate with the SQL Server database backend. Ensure that this port is enabled on Microsoft SQL Server and on the machine where GFI EventsManager is installed.
RPC ports used by GFI EventsManager to handle the communications between the internal components of the product including the event processing engine and the user interface. Ensure that these ports are open on the machine where GFI
EventsManager is installed.
Firewall permissions that must be enabled
When using Microsoft Windows firewall, ensure that all the firewall permissions and
policies listed in Table 2 below, are enabled on all target machines.
Table 2 - Firewall permissions to enable
Firewall permissions and Audit policies
Remote Event
Log
Management
File and Printer sharing
Network discovery
Audit policy:
Object access
Audit policy:
Process tracking
Audit policy:
Audit account management
Audit policy:
Audit system events
Microsoft
Windows
Server
2008
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Microsoft
Windows
Server
2003
Not applicable
Enable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Enable
Enable
Microsoft
Windows
XP
Not applicable
Enable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
Enable
Enable
Microsoft
Windows
Vista
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Microsoft
Windows
7
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
For more information how to set permissions refer to the following sections:
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To apply settings automatically on target computers using Microsoft Active
Directory GPO, refer to Setting permissions on target computers automatically via
2.4.2 Microsoft Windows Vista and Microsoft Windows 7
Microsoft Windows Vista and Microsoft Windows 7 introduced extensive structural changes in event logging and event log management. The most important of these changes include:
A new XML-based format for event logs. This provides a more structured approach to reporting on all system occurrences.
Event categorization in four distinct groups: Administrative, Operational, Analytic and Debug
A new file format (evtx) that replaces the old evt file format.
Due to these changes, to collect and process event logs from Microsoft Windows
Vista or later, GFI EventsManager must be installed on a system running Microsoft
Windows Vista or later. (For example, GFI EventsManager cannot be installed on
Microsoft Windows XP to monitor events on Microsoft Windows 7 machines).
Windows XP events can be collected when GFI EventsManager is installed on Microsoft Windows Vista or later machines.
When GFI EventsManager is using a non-domain account to collect events from Microsoft Vista machines or later, target machines must have User
Account Control (UAC) disabled. For more information on how to disable
UAC, refer to Disable UAC to scan target machines section in this manual.
2.5 Upgrading from a previous version
Upgrading from version 8.x and retaining configuration settings is fully supported .
Upgrading from version 7.x is possible but all configuration settings will be lost.
Upgrading from versions older than version 7 is not possible due to the underlying operational and processing technology subsystems which are different from the current version of GFI EventsManager. You will still however be able to run an older
(pre-version 7) version of GFI EventsManager on the same machine on which a newer version of GFI EventsManager is installed since there are no conflicts between the older and the newer versions.
2.6 Installation procedure
GFI EventsManager includes an installation wizard which will assist you through the installation process. To start the installation:
1. Close all running applications and log-on the target computer using an account which has local administrative privileges.
2. Double-click GFI EventsManager setup file.
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If an older version of GFI EventsManager is detected, the wizard will enable you to retain or delete the GFI EventsManager configuration settings.
If any pre-requisites are missing, the wizard will enable you to download and install all pre-requisites.
3.Click Next.
4. Read the licensing agreement carefully. S elect „I accept the Licensing
agreement
‟ option and click Next.
5. If an installation of Microsoft SQL Server is not detected on the local machine, the
SQL Server Express install is launched automatically. Select one of the following options:
Download and install Microsoft SQL 2005 Express Edition
Use a remote instance of Microsoft SQL Server.
Click Next.
Screenshot 2 - Customer and License detail screen
6. Key-in your name and license key. If you are evaluating the product, leave the license key as default (i.e. „Evaluation‟) and click Next.
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Screenshot 3 - Logon information screen
7. Key-in a user name and password of a domain administrator account and click
Next.
8. Specify an alternative installation path or click Install to leave as default.
9. Click Finish.
For more information on launching GFI EventsManager for the first time, refer to
Running GFI EventsManager for the first time section in this manual
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3 Getting Started
3.1 Introduction
What is a computer log?
A computer log is a collection of events entries. These entries provide an audit trail of information related to the activity of a network or computer system. In fact, computer logs are recorded in a certain scope to provide information suitable for forensic analysis. The computer log may be a binary file as in the case of Windows logs, or text-based files as in the case of Syslog or W3C logs.
What is a log?
An event is a log entry that provides information on something that occurred within a computer system or network. Such events include various details such as the date and time the event occurred and a related description. Event entries are often stored in chronological order to facilitate event browsing and forensic analysis.
What are Windows Event Logs?
Windows Event Logs are a systematic recording of computer related events that occurred within computer systems and networks running on Windows Operating
Systems. In systems running on Windows 2000/XP/2003/VISTA, events are recorded and organized in 3 default event logs:
Application log
Security log
System log.
Computers with specialized network roles such as domain controllers and DNS servers allow the logging of events to additional (default) logs such as:
Directory service log
File Replication service log
DNS server log.
Windows Event Logs contain the following types of events:
Error - Error events indicate that a significant problem, such as loss of data or functionality has occurred. For example an Error event is recorded every time that a service or driver fails to load during startup.
Warning - Warnings indicate events that are not necessarily significant, but which may possibly cause future problems. For example, a Warning event is recorded every time that disk space runs low.
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Information - Information events describe the successful operation of an application, driver, or service. For example, an Information event is recorded every time that a network driver loads successfully.
Success Audit - Success audit events indicate security access attempts that were successful. For example, a Success Audit event is recorded every time that a user successfully logs on to his Windows based workstation.
Failure Audit - Failure audit events indicate security access attempts that failed.
For example, a Failure audit event is recorded every time that a user fails to access a network drive.
A sample of the information typically recorded in a Windows Event Log is shown below.
Screenshot 4 - Windows event log
What are W3C logs?
W3C logs are used mainly by web servers to log web related events including web logs. W3C logs are recorded in text-based flat files using any one of the two W3C logging formats currently available:
W3C Common Log file format
W3C Extended Log File format.
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The W3C common log file format was the first format to be released and to date it is still the default format used by a variety of popular web servers including Apache.
There is however one downside - the information about each server transaction is fixed and does not provide for certain important fields such as referrer, agent, transfer time, domain name, or cookie information. To overcome this problem, the
W3C Extended log file format was released. This newer type of log is in customizable
ASCII text-based format, permitting a wider range of data to be captured. The W3C
Extended log file format is the default log file format used by Microsoft Internet
Information Server (IIS).
A sample of the information typically recorded in a W3C extended type log is shown below.
#Version: 1.0
#Date: 04-Sep-2009 00:00:00
#Fields: time cs-method cs-uri
00:34:23 GET /WebSRV/Pg_Snippet.html
12:21:16 GET /WebSRV/ Button_pg.html
12:45:52 GET /WebSRV/ Login_Pg.html
12:57:34 GET /WebSRV/ Error_msg.html
What are Syslogs?
Syslog is the standard for logging messages, such as system events, in an IP network. The Syslog standard is most commonly used for the logging of events by computer systems running on UNIX and Linux as well by network devices and appliances such as Cisco routers and the Cisco PIX firewall. Syslog events are not directly recorded by applications running on the computer systems. Whenever an event is generated, the respective computer will send a small textual message
(known as Syslog message) to a dedicated server commonly known as „Syslog server‟. The Syslog server will then save the received message into a log file. Syslog messages are generally sent as clear text; however, an SSL wrapper can be used to provide for a layer of encryption.
Syslog is typically used for computer system management and security auditing.
While it has a number of shortcomings, its big plus is that Syslog is supported by a wide variety of devices and receivers. Because of this, Syslog can be used to integrate log data from many different types of systems into a central repository using the Syslog server as a log aggregator.
The Syslog daemon handles the recording of Syslog messages/events in log files.
The Syslog message is composed of two main parts:
1. The „header‟ which contains date/time information as well as the IP or computer name from where the message has originated.
2. The “message” which includes the program or subsystem name and the message itself, separated by a colon.
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The following is an example of a Syslog message:
Sep 4 10:10:10 10.245.2.11 foo[421]: this is a message from
WebSRV
What are SNMP Traps?
SNMP Traps are used by network management systems to monitor network devices
(such as routers, firewalls or switches) for conditions that require administrative attention. This includes monitoring device uptime, inventories of operating system versions and collecting interface information. SNMP enabled devices do not record event messages locally but instead these transmit event details to an SNMP Trap server which analyzes these occurrences and alert systems administrators on key events.
GFI EventsManager includes its own SNMP Trap server that captures SNMP messages and informs systems administrators of network device failures and other critical events. GFI EventsManager supports various versions of SNMP Traps including SNMP versions 1, 2 and 3 (the encoded version).
What are SQL Server audit logs?
Microsoft SQL Server generates event logs that allow the network administrator to monitor database activity. GFI EventsManager allows you to process the activity logs generated by day-to-day SQL Server operations such as server startup or on key events such as failed logons. Alerts can also be created when key events such as consecutive login failure is identified in Microsoft SQL Server audit logs.
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3.2 Running GFI EventsManager for the first time
After installation, the GFI EventsManager console is launched automatically. To launch GFI EventsManager click Start
► All Programs ► GFI EventsManager ►
Management Console.
Follow the steps outlined below to configure GFI EventsManager for first time use:
Figure 6: Running GFI EventsManager for the first time
3.3 Step 1: Configure the database backend
Set up the database backend on first launch of GFI EventsManager.
If you opted to install Microsoft SQL Server during the GFI EventsManager installation, the database backend required by GFI EventsManager will be set up automatically. You are therefore not required to manually create the database backend.
Screenshot 5 - Database backend alert displayed on Quick Start Dialog
An alert will appear at the bottom of the Quick Start Dialog indicating that you are required to configure a Microsoft SQL Server database backend. Select
Click here… in the alert box to configure the Microsoft SQL backend database.
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Screenshot 6 - Database Options - Change database tab
To configure the SQL Server and database backend details:
1. Specify the name/IP of your SQL Server.
2. Key in a name for your database backend (e.g. EventsManager).
3. Select the authentication method used to connect to the SQL Server. If SQL
Server authentication is selected, specify the login username and password.
4. (Optional) Click Validate database to check that the selected database exists and has the correct structure.
5. Click Advanced settings tab to select the language character and symbol support to be used.
6. Click OK to finalize settings.
Microsoft SQL server must have TCP port 1433 open to store events collected by GFI EventsManager. For more information, refer to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/287932
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The account under which GFI EventsManager is running, requires read and write access privilege on the database. To enable these privileges:
1. Launch SQL Server Management Studio and from the Object Explorer, expand
Security
► Logins. Check that the account to be used by GFI EventsManager is listed in the Logins folder.
If you are using Microsoft SQL Express, download the Microsoft SQL
Server Management Studio Express from: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=C243A5AE-
4BD1-4E3D-94B8-5A0F62BF7796&displaylang=en
Screenshot 7
– SQL Server Management – Logins folder
2. Right click the user and select Properties.
3. From the left panel, select Server Roles page and check that sysadmin is selected.
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Screenshot 8
– SQL Server Management – Login Properties dialog
4. Click OK and close the SQL Server Management Studio.
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3.4 Step 2: Launch events processing
You are now required to define the event sources i.e. the computers from which events will be collected.
Screenshot 9 - Quick Start Dialog
From the Quick Start dialog select one of the following options:
1. Process events - local computer: Start collecting events from the local computer, where GFI EventsManager is installed. For more information refer to
Processing events from the local computer section in this chapter.
2. Process events - local domain: Launch the Automatic network discovery wizard. This wizard will automatically search your network for event sources. For
more information refer to Processing events from the local domain section in this
chapter.
3. Process events - selected machines: Add event sources manually without using
the wizard. For more information refer to Processing events from selected machines
4. Customize: Customize different types of events or different types of sources (e.g.
Syslog and SNMP Trap processing).
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3.4.1 Processing events from the local computer
To process event logs from the local machine:
1. From the Quick Start Dialog, click Process events - local computer. GFI
EventsManager will start to collect events from the local machine immediately.
Screenshot 10 - Events processed from local machine
On completion, the number of events that have been processed is displayed in the information bar as illustrated in the screenshot above.
3.4.2 Processing events from the local domain
The Network discovery wizard searches the entire network for computers and servers. The will assist in adding network computers as GFI EventsManager event sources. To launch the Network discovery wizard:
1. From the Quick Start Dialog, click Process events - Local domain
The wizard can also be launched from Configuration
► Event Sources, right click All event sources and select Scan local domain.
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If synchronization options are configured, Process events - Local Domain is
disabled. For more information refer to Edit synchronization options section in
this manual.
2. In the Welcome screen, click Next.
Screenshot 11 - Select the type of event source
3. The wizard enables you to search the local network for specific types of event sources. Select the type of event sources to add and click Next.
At least one event source type must be selected before proceeding to the next wizard dialog.
4. The wizard will automatically start to search for connected computers. On completion, click Next.
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Screenshot 12 - Select computers from result
All discovered machines are by default selected. If the wizard fails to login to a target machine, it is not selected.
5. To add a machine not selected by default, click the machine and a dialog will enable you to key-in alternative credentials. Click OK and Next.
6. Click Finish.
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3.4.3 Processing events from selected machines
Screenshot 13 - Process events from selected machines
To collect event logs from selected machines:
1. From the Quick Start Dialog, click Process events - selected machines to launch the Add New Event Sources wizard.
2. Specify the name/IP of the new event source and click Add. Repeat until you have specified all the event sources to add to this group.
To import the list of event sources from a text file click Import button. To select event sources from a list, click Select button.
3. Click Finish to finalize settings. GFI EventsManager will collect events from the configured sources immediately.
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3.5 Step 3: Analyze events and generate reports
3.5.1 Navigating the Quick Launch Console
You can now analyze the event information collected and generate reports based on the data gathered.
Screenshot 14 - GFI EventsManager Quick Launch Console
Launch Console link from the top right-hand corner of the
GFI EventsManager user interface. Table 3 below describes the options available in
the Quick Launch Console.
Table 3 - Quick Launch Console options
Icon Description
Browse events
Access the built-in events and forensic tools that will help you to locate, analyze and
filter key events. For more information refer to Event browsing chapter in this manual.
Generate reports
Access reporting features including instant/scheduled report generations and
automated report distribution. For more information refer to Generating reports
chapter in this manual.
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Icon Description
View dashboard
Access GFI EventsManager status dashboard. This enables you to view graphical representations of the most important events collected and processed by GFI
EventsManager. For more information, refer to Status monitoring section in this
manual.
Customize
Customize GFI EventsManager settings, such as enabling Syslog, SNMP Trap
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4 Event browsing
4.1 Introduction
The Event Browsing option allows you to access and browse processed or unprocessed events/logs that are currently stored in the main or backup database.
Screenshot 15 - GFI EventsManager: Events Browser
Use the Events Browser for forensic analysis of events. All events accessible through the Events Browser are organized (by log type) in the following tabs:
Windows Events Browser
W3C Events Browser
Syslog Events Browser
SNMP Traps Events Browser
Microsoft SQL Server Audit Browser
This way you can quickly access the events belonging to a particular log type. Event data is organized into columns, click a particular event to show additional information in a dedicated events description pane. The header color coding enables you to quickly identify the severity of the event.
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Screenshot 16 - Event details provided in the Events Browser
Windows events, descriptions are organized in two tabs accessible from the events description field:
General tab - Contains events information in the legacy format that was standard for pre-Microsoft Windows Vista event logs.
XML Data tab - Contains events information in the new XML based Microsoft
Windows Vista format.
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Use the link provided in the event description pane to access:
A more detailed description of the event
Information and links that explain what causes this type of event
Hints and tips on how to possibly solve any existing issues.
The navigation tool bar allows you to navigate between pages, stop a query and configure the auto-refresh rate. To configure auto-refresh, click the refresh icon and select the required time interval.
Screenshot 17
– Configure auto-refresh
Event analysis is quite a demanding task; GFI EventsManager is equipped with specialized tools that simplify the search for specific events as well as enable the export of events to CSV files. These specialized tools include:
An event filter/query builder
Event color-coding options
Event finder tool
Export events tool
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4.2 Event filter/query builder
Use the event query builder to create custom filters that sift events data and display only the information needed. To filter event during browsing:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select the event browser required.
2. From the left pane select the required events filter (such as the Accounts Usage filter). Results will be displayed in the browser (right pane).
Screenshot 18 - Selecting a filter
4.2.1 Creating custom event queries
In GFI EventsManager, custom queries are added as a sub-node within the default queries that ship with the product. To create custom event queries:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select one of the following tabs:
Windows Events Browser
W3C Events Browser
Syslog Events Browser
SNMP Traps Events Browser
Microsoft SQL Server Audit Browser
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Screenshot 19 - GFI EventsManager: Events Browser
2. Right-click default query where the new event query will be created and select
Create query…
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Screenshot 20- Custom query builder
3. Specify a name and a description for the new query.
4. Click Add, configure the required query condition(s) and click OK. Repeat until all required query conditions have been specified. For more information on field
operators refer to Field operator section in this manual.
5. Click OK to finalize your settings.
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4.2.2 Create query from an existing event
GFI EventsManager allows the administrator to sort events automatically by creating custom queries. Each query has its own filtering criteria, and administrators can create a query by selecting a particular field from an existing event. The selected field will automatically be included in the filtering criteria. To automatically create a query based on a field:
1. Click Events Browser tab.
2. From the Queries list, select the type of query and the existing event.
3. Right click the field that will be included in the query builder, and click Create
query from field.
4.2.3 View or Edit a custom query
The naming convention of the new query is Type equal <Field Selected>. To edit the query, right click the query and select Properties.
Screenshot 21
– Query builder for an existing query
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Screenshot 22
– Create new query using the query builder
GFI EventsManager ships with pre-configured queries that can filter events without any configuration effort.
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Screenshot 23 - Default and custom event queries
4.3 Event color-coding options
Use the event color-coding tool to tint key events in a particular color. This way the required events are easier to locate during event browsing. For example, you can create a query that shows events classified as Critical or High and at the same time color in red all Critical events having event ID 231.
Screenshot 24
– Color coding configuration
The configuration of color-codes is carried out through a dedicated query builder. To use the query builder click Advanced and configure the following options:
The conditions that define which events must be colored
The colors to be used when showing these events.
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4.3.1 Assigning a color-code to a specific event
Screenshot 25 - Assigning event color-codes
To assign a color code to a specific event:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
2. Select the Customize view option and from the right pane, select the Colors option.
3. Specify event filter parameters including the color to be applied to the sifted events.
4. Click Apply Color button to finalize your settings.
Use the Clear color filters option to clear all color settings.
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4.3.2 Assigning different color-codes to multiple events
To assign different color-codes to multiple events:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
2. Select the Customize view option. From the right pane, select the Colors option and click Advanced.
Screenshot 26 - Advanced Color Filter
3. Click Add button. Specify filter name and configure event filter parameters.
4. Click OK button to save filter settings.
5. Repeat until all required event filter conditions have been configured. Click OK to finalize your settings.
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4.4 Event finder tool
Use the event finder tool to locate events that match a specific search string. For example, you can search events that have a specific ID or which contain specific keywords in the description. Use the event finder tool to search and locate specific events using simple customizable filters. To search for a particular event:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly
2. From the left pane, select the Find events option.
Screenshot 27 - Event finder tool
3. Configure the event search parameters through the options provided on top of the right pane. To trigger a case sensitive search, click on Options and select the Match
case option.
4. Click Find button to trigger the search.
4.5 Export events tool
To access and browse events stored in the database backend Click Events Browser tab and select a browser accordingly.
GFI EventsManager allows you to export events data to CSV files directly from the built-in event-browsers. This is extremely convenient especially when further processing of events data is required including:
Distribution of key events data via email
Running automated scripts which convert CSV exported events data to HTML for upload on web/company intranet
Generation of graphical management reports and statistical data using native tools like Microsoft Excel
Generation of custom reports using third party applications.
Interfacing events data with applications and scripts built in-house
To export events to CSV:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select the required event browser accordingly.
2. Select the events to be exported. Right-Click selection and choose Export
events….
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Screenshot 28 - Export events tool
3. Specify the location where exported events will be saved and click OK to trigger the export operation.
4.6 Customizing the event viewer pane
Select columns to be displayed
To select which columns will be displayed in the Log Browser‟s viewing pane:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
2. Select the Customize view option from the „Common Tasks‟ area in the left pane.
Screenshot 29 - Customize view: columns
3. Select the Columns option.
4. Select the columns that will be displayed in the viewing pane. Use the up/down arrows on the side to define the order in which the columns will be shown.
5. Close the customize view pane to finalize your settings.
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Customize the position of the description window
GFI EventsManager allows you to customize the right viewing pane. To achieve this:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
Screenshot 30 - Customize view
2. Click the Customize view option from the „Common Tasks‟ pane.
3. Customize the browser view accordingly.
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4.7 Event maintenance
4.7.1 Backup events
GFI EventsManager allows you to backup the events stored in the main database backend. This way you can reduce the size of your main database backend but at the same time keep all your event records for historical and forensic investigation purposes.
Use the backup events feature to backup events that are older than a specific amount of hours. For example, you can choose to backup events that are older than
48 hours. To backup events:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
2. From the left pane, select the Backup events option.
Screenshot 31 - Backup events dialog box
3. Specify backup parameters and click OK button to finalize your settings.
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4.7.2 Switching databases
For event browsing purposes, GFI EventsManager allows you to switch between different databases. Use this feature to browse events that have been backed up, using the tools provided in the Events Browser. To achieve this:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an events browser accordingly.
2. From the left pane select the Switch to main/backup database option.
Screenshot 32
– Add a new database from the switch database dialog
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3. Double click the destination database (were the events will be stored), or click Add to create a new database.
4.7.3 Clear events from a query result
To clear a group of events from the currently selected database:
1. Click Events Browser tab and select an event browser accordingly.
2. From the left pane, select the query that will be cleared.
3. Select the Clear all events option.
Screenshot 33 - Clear all events dialog box
4. Select between:
Backup events before clearing
– Selected events will be stored in the backup database.
Clear only (no backup)
– Selected events will be removed from the Event
Browser and deleted from the database.
5. Click OK.
To clear all events from the database, create a new database operation to delete the data. For more information on how to create a delete operation,
refer to Delete data section in this manual.
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5 Generating reports
5.1 Introduction
GFI EventsManager provides you with a free, fully-fledged reporting companion to
GFI EventsManager - GFI EventsManager ReportPack. It enables you to generate graphical IT-level, technical and management reports based on the hardware and software events processed by GFI EventsManager. Hardware and software event sources include any networked component that generate Syslog messages or record/log events to Windows and/or W3C event logs. These include computers, network devices, PABXs, and third party software solutions.
To access GFI EventsManager ReportPack, click the Reporting tab.
To generate reports, the following add-ins must be downloaded and installed:
GFI ReportCenter framework
GFI EventsManager ReportPack
More information on how to download the GFI EventsManager ReportPack and the
GFI ReportCenter framework is provided in the Download the GFI EventsManager
ReportPack section in this chapter.
5.2 Daily Digest
GFI EventsManager can be configured to send a summary report by email on a daily basis. The report contains a summary of the most important events collected and processed during the last 24 hours. To configure a user to receive Daily Digest emails:
1. Launch GFI EventsManager and select Configuration
► Options. Expand Users
and Groups and select Users.
2. Right click a user from the right pane and select Properties.
3. Select General tab and ensure that a valid email address is configured.
4. Open Alerts tab and select Send daily report via email.
5. Configure the time when the Daily Digest email will be send.
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Screenshot 34
– Daily Digest email settings
6. Click OK.
For more information on how to manage and create user accounts, refer to
Configuring users and groups chapter in this manual.
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Screenshot 35
– Daily digest email
Section Description
The start and end date of the report. The report displays the most important events collected by GFI EventsManager between the start and end date.
The number of Critical and High events collected in the last 24 hours.
This graph provides statistical information about critical events collected from all event sources in the last 24 hours. For more information on the graph
contents, refer to Critical and High Importance events section in this manual.
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5.3 Download the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
From the GFI EventsManager Reporting tab, click on Install ReportPack button to download and install the GFI EventsManager ReportPack on the local machine. Prior to installing the GFI EventsManager ReportPack, GFI EventsManager will also prompt you to install any pre-requisites that are required. This includes the GFI
ReportCenter framework.
Screenshot 36
– Downloading GFI EventsManager ReportPack
For installation instructions and more information about the GFI EventsManager
ReportPack refer to GFI EventsManager ReportPack manual, available at: http://www.gfi.com/eventsmanager/esm2010rpmanual.pdf
.
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5.4 Launching the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
Screenshot 37 - Launching the GFI EventsManager ReportPack
To generate reports:
1. Click Launch ReportPack button
Screenshot 38 - GFI EventsManager ReportPack console
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2. The GFI EventsManager ReportPack console will open in a new window.
For more information about the reports and the functionalities of GFI EventsManager
ReportPack refer to GFI EventsManager ReportPack manual, available at: http://www.gfi.com/eventsmanager/esm2010rpmanual.pdf
.
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6 Manage event sources
6.1 Introduction
An event source is a network computer that is accessed and processed by GFI
EventsManager. In GFI EventsManager, these event sources are organized into specific computer groups. The Event Sources tab enables you to organize event sources to suit your network infrastructure. You can create new or use default groups to distinctively organize and configure the servers, workstations and laptops that will be monitored by GFI EventsManager.
6.2 Managing event sources groups
Event sources are organized in groups. Grouping events enables you to configure common actions and settings for multiple computers within the group. GFI
EventsManager ships with pre-configured groups and in addition enables you to create your custom groups.
6.2.1 Create a new group
To create a new event source group:
1. Click Configuration
► Event Sources and from the Group Type select Event
Sources Groups.
2. Right click All event sources and select
Create group…
3. Select the license type to use, between Workstation and Server license.
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Screenshot 39 - Add new event source group
4. Key-in a valid name and a description(optional). Select the tabs described in Table
4 below, and configure the available options.
Table 4 - Event source group options
Tab name
General
Logon credentials
Licensing type
Operational time
Windows Event Log
Description
Enable collection of events and schedule the scanning process. For
more information, refer to Configuring general event source properties section in this manual.
Configure the username and password used to login target machines
and collect information. For more information, refer to Configure
Logon Credentials section in this manual.
Select the type of license to use. Select between workstation and server license.
Configure the operational time that computers are normally used. For
more information, refer to Configure operational time section in this
manual.
Specify the logs to collect and configure archive settings for Windows
event logs. For more information, refer to Collecting Windows events
section in this manual.
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Tab name
Audit
W3C Logs
Syslog
SNMP Traps
Description
Enable GFI EventsManager auditing on target computers and configure the audit to perform. For more information, refer to
Configure GFI EventsManager Auditing section in this manual.
Specify the logs to collect and configure archive settings for W3C logs. This tab is only available when creating a server group. For
more information, refer to Collecting W3C logs section in this manual.
Specify the logs to collect and configure archive settings for Syslogs.
This tab is only available when creating a server group. For more
information, refer to Collecting Syslogs section in this manual.
Specify the logs to collect and configure archive settings for SNMP
Traps. This tab is only available when creating a server group. For
more information, refer to Collecting SNMP Traps section in this
manual.
5. Click OK to save changes.
6.2.2 Edit synchronization options
GFI EventsManager enables you to synchronize domains with event sources groups.
When the synchronization is configured, the domain members will be added automatically to GFI EventsManager event sources. To edit synchronization options:
1. Select Configuration tab and from Group Type, select Event Sources Groups.
2. Select All event sources node and click Edit synchronization options under
Actions.
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Screenshot 40 - Synchronization properties - General tab
3. Select General tab and configure the options described in Table 5 below.
Table 5 - Synchronization properties - General tab
Option
Domain
Group
Sync with
Description
Select the domain name from the list or key-in a valid domain name.
Select the GFI EventsManager group name where to add the discovered event sources.
Select the type of computers discovered in the selected domain that will be added to the selected GFI EventsManager group.
4. To include the synchronization click Add.
5. Repeat steps 3 to 4 for each synchronization. Table 6 below shows some
examples of possible synchronizations that can be configured.
Table 6 - Example of synchronizations
Group
Archive all Windows logs-Non DC
Workstations
E-mail Servers
Archive all Windows logs - DC
Sync with
Generic Servers
Workstations
Exchange Servers
Domain Controllers
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Group
Servers
Sync with
ISA Servers
6. (Optional) Select Exclusions tab to configure the list of computers that will be excluded from the synchronization. Click Add and key-in a computer name to exclude.
Event sources that are already part of an event source group will be automatically excluded from synchronization. For more information on how to
manage event source groups, refer to Manage event sources chapter in this
manual.
Screenshot 41 - Synchronization properties - Exclusion tab
7. Select Schedule tab to configure when the synchronization should be performed.
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Screenshot 42 - Synchronization properties -Schedule tab
8. Key-in a valid interval in hours or days.
9.(Optional) Select
Send an email to the… to send an email notification when event sources are changed after synchronization.
10. (Optional) Click Synchronization now to synchronize event sources immediately.
11. Click OK.
Adding Event Sources manually to a synchronized group is not allowed in GFI
EventsManager.
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6.3 Adding event sources
6.3.1 Adding an event source to a group
To add a new event sources to a computer group:
1. Click Configuration
► Event Sources.
2. From the Group Type drop-down, select Event Sources Groups.
3. Right-click Computer Group which will contain the new event sources and select
Add new event source.
Screenshot 43 - Configuration wizard: Specify the computers that will be monitored
4. Specify the name/IP of the new event source and click Add. Repeat until you have specified all the event sources to add to this group.
Since Syslog and SNMP traps use the IP address to determine the source of an event, it is recommended to use the source IP instead of the domain name when retrieving Syslog and SNMP traps from target machines.
5. (Optional) Click Select to browse the network for existing domains and computers.
Select the domain from the Domain drop down list and select the computers to add.
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Screenshot 44
– Browse the network for connected computers
To import the list of event sources from a text file click Import button.
6. Click Finish to finalize your settings. GFI EventsManager will attempt to collect logs from the configured sources immediately.
If synchronization is not enabled, you can use the Network Discovery
Wizard to automatically search and add events sources. To launch Network
Discovery Wizard, click Scan local domain under Common Tasks. For more
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6.4 Configuring event source properties
GFI EventsManager allows you to customize the event source parameters to suit the operational requirements of your infrastructure. You can configure these parameters on a:
Computer by computer basis.
Group by group basis.
To configure event source properties:
1. Click Configuration tab.
Screenshot 45 - Group type
2. From the Group Type drop-down select Event Sources Groups.
3. To configure the parameters of a:
Computer group: Right-click on the computer group to be configured and select
Properties.
Particular computer in a group: o Click on the computer / database server group to which the computer group belongs. o From the right pane, right-click on the required computer and select
Properties.
4. Click required tabs and configure the respective parameters accordingly. More information on how to configure these parameters is provided in this chapter.
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6.4.1 Configuring general event source properties
Screenshot 46 - Event sources properties dialog
Use the General tab in the properties dialog to:
Change the name of a computer group.
Enable/disable log collection and processing for the computers in a group.
Configure log collection and processing frequency.
6.4.2 Configure Logon Credentials
During event processing, GFI EventsManager must remotely log-on to the target computers. This is required in order to collect log data that is currently stored on the target computers and to pass this data on to the event processing engine(s).
To collect and process logs, GFI EventsManager must have administrative privileges over the target computers. By default, GFI EventsManager will log-on to target computers using the credentials of the account under which it is currently running; however, certain network environments are configured to use different credentials to log on to workstations and servers with administrative privileges. As an example for security purposes, network administrators can setup a dedicated account that has
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administrative privileges over workstations only and a different account that has administrative privileges over servers only.
Screenshot 47 - Configuring alternative logon credentials
GFI EventsManager, allows you to configure a dedicated set of logon credentials for individual target computers as well as for computer groups. To configure a set of credentials for a particular computer group:
1. Right click on an event source and click on Properties
2. Click Logon Credentials tab
3. Specify the login name and password which will be used to log-on and collect logs from the target computer(s).
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6.4.3 Configure operational time
GFI EventsManager includes an Operational Time option through which you specify the normal working hours of your event sources. This is required so that GFI
EventsManager can keep track of the events that occur both during and outside working hours. Use the operational time information for forensic analysis and to identify network computers that are being misused outside normal working hours. For example, through this information, you can discover unauthorized user access, illicit transactions carried out outside normal working hours and other potential security breaches that might be taking place on your network.
Screenshot 48 - Specify operational time
Operational time is configurable on computer group basis. Configuration is achieved through the Operational Time tab provided in the computer group properties;
Operational time is configured by marking the normal working hours on a graphical operational time scale which is divided into 1 hour segments.
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6.4.4 Configure GFI EventsManager Auditing
GFI EventsManager can collect additional data from the network using a checking engine. If auditing is enabled on an event source, the audit will be executed before collecting events and creates relative Windows events.
For example, when executing Check slow connection, the script performs a PING request and records the response time. If the response time is more than 500 milliseconds, the script creates a Windows event in the Application log of the target machine.
If an audit fails to execute due to network disconnection or insufficient permissions, no windows events are created.
Check list
Check audit policy
Check disk space
Check inactive domain machines
Check inactive users
Check IPSec policies status
Check Microsoft firewall status
Check slow connection
Check volumes encrypted by
Microsoft
Descriptions
Checks the status of audit policies on target machines. If an audit policy is disabled, a Windows event is created. For more information
Checks the target machine disk drives
‟ free space. If a disk has less than 10% free space, a Windows event is created. Amongst others, the Windows event contains information on disk drive name and storage space.
Checks the domain for inactive machines. A machine can be inactive if no log in requests were sent during the previous 30 days. If inactive machines are found, a Windows event is created.
Checks domain for inactive user accounts. A user account is inactive if no log in requests were sent during the previous 30 days. If inactive accounts are found, a Windows event is created.
Checks status of IPSec policies on target machines, if any. If IPSec policies exist and are inactive, a Windows event is created.
Checks status of any Microsoft Windows Firewall or ISA servers on target machines. If a Firewall exists and is off, a Windows event is created.
The script performs a PING request and records the response time. If the response time is more than 500 milliseconds, the script creates a
Windows event.
Checks if there are volumes encrypted using Microsoft products (e.g.
Bit Locker), on target machines. If volume encryption is not used, a
Windows event is created.
To configure GFI EventsManager auditing event processing rules, navigate to
Configuration
► Event Processing Rules and from the left pane select GFI
Rules
► GFI EventsManager rules. For more information on event
processing rules, refer to Using event processing rules chapter in this manual.
To enable and configure GFI EventsManager auditing:
1. Right click an event source or an event source group, and click Properties.
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2. From the Properties dialog, select the Audit tab.
Screenshot 49 - GFI EventsManager audit
3. Configure the options described in Table 7 below.
Table 7
– Auditing options
Option
Inherit configuration from parent group.
Enable GFI EventsManager auditing
Perform the following audits
Start a new audit only if…
Description
Select this option to use the settings configured in the parent group.
Select this option to enable GFI EventsManager auditing.
Select the audits to perform on target machines.
Select this option and configure the threshold time between audits. GFI EventsManager will wait for the defined interval before starting a new audit check.
Audit checks are executed before scanning windows events, if the audit check is successful a windows log event is created on the target machine. This may create a large number of events and it is recommended to configure and use the Auditing
threshold. When using the Auditing threshold GFI EventsManager will wait for a pre-defined interval before starting a new audit check.
4. Click OK to save changes.
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6.4.5 Configuring event processing parameters
To configure event processing parameters:
Screenshot 50 - Event-processing configuration tabs
1. Select the Configuration tab.
2. From the Groups list, right click the group to be configured and select Properties.
3. Use the Windows Event Log tab, W3C Logs tab, Syslog tab and SNMP Traps to configure the required event processing parameters. For more information on why
and how to configure these parameters refer to Using event processing rules
chapter.
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6.5 Adding Database Server sources
6.5.1 Adding a new database server group
1. Click Configuration tab.
2. From the Group Type drop-down select Database Servers Groups.
Screenshot 51 - Creating a new SQL Server group
3. Right-click on an existing group and select Create group.
4. Configure the SQL Server group settings. For more information about SQL Server
group configuration, refer to Adding Database Server sources in this chapter.
6.5.2 Adding new SQL Servers to a group
The SQL Server audit feature allows you to process the activity logs generated by day-to-day SQL Server operations such as server startup or on key events such as failed logons.
Like computers, SQL Servers can be grouped and processed using a common event-log scanning policy. To create an SQL Server group:
1. Click Configuration tab.
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Screenshot 52 - Database Servers Groups
2. From the Group Type drop-down select Database Servers Groups.
Screenshot 53 - Add a new Microsoft SQL Server
3. In the Groups section, right click on SQL Servers and select Add new Microsoft
SQL Server.
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Screenshot 54 - Select Microsoft SQL Server(s)
4. Click Select button and choose the required Microsoft SQL Server machines from list. Click OK when selection is complete.
5. Click Finish button to finalize your settings.
It is recommended not to perform SQL auditing on the same server being used by GFI EventsManager as its database backend. For more information refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003782 .
6.6 Configuring SQL Servers event source properties
SQL Servers event source properties can be configured at both group level and individual SQL Server level.
To configure the properties of a specific SQL Server or server group
1. Click Configuration tab.
Screenshot 55 - Database Servers Groups
2. From the Group Type drop-down select Database Server Groups.
3. To configure the parameters of a:
Database Server Group: Right-click on the database server/ group to be configured and select Properties.
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Particular computer in a database server group: Click on the database server group to which the computer group belongs. Then from the right pane, right-click on the required computer and select Properties.
4. Use the tabs provided in the properties dialog, to configure the required parameters:
General properties: Use this tab to change the group name.
Logon credentials: Use this tab to select the authentication method to be used and if required specify login credentials.
Operational time: Use this tab to specify the operational time for the database servers specified in this group.
SQL Server audit: Use this tab to configure which event processing rules will be applied against the events collected from source. By default, GFI EventsManager is set to inherit these parameters from the parent Database Server Group.
Settings: Use this tab to configure SQL Server event-scanning options (i.e. scan all databases, scan security events only on all databases or scan only a specific database).
For more information on how to configure these parameters please refer to
Configuring database server properties section in this chapter
6.6.1 Configuring database server properties
By default, an SQL Server will inherit the properties that were set for the parent group settings. To change an SQL server settings:
1. Click Configuration tab.
Screenshot 56 -
‘SQL Servers’ Group
2. From the Group Type drop-down select Database Servers Groups.
3. From the Groups area, select the group that contains the SQL Server that you would lik e to edit, for example „SQL Servers‟.
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Screenshot 57 - Microsoft SQL Server group properties
4. In the left pane, right click on the Microsoft SQL Server to be configured and select
Properties.
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Screenshot 58 - The SQL Server Group properties dialog
5. Use the tabs provided in this dialog as follows:
General tab: Use this tab to set post collection processing rules. By default, GFI
EventsManager will inherit post collection processing from the parent group.
Logon credentials: Use this tab to select the authentication method to be used and to specify login credentials if „SQL Server Authentication‟ will be used.
Settings: Use this tab to configure SQL Server event-scanning options (i.e. scan all databases, scan security events only on all databases or scan only a specific database).
For more information on how to configure these parameters please refer to
Configuring database server properties section in this chapter.
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6.7 Adding GFI LANguard event sources
6.7.1 Introduction
GFI EventsManager enables you to monitor events generated by GFI LANguard. GFI
LANguard is a network vulnerability scanner that audits your network for weaknesses that can be exploited by users for malicious purposes. During network audits, GFI
LANguard creates events in the „Application Log‟ of the machine where it is installed/running.
For each machine scanned by GFI LANguard
, an „Application log‟ entry having
„Event ID: 0‟ and „Source‟ set as GFI LANguard will be generated. These events denote network vulnerability information extracted from scanned computers including:
Threat level
Missing patches and service packs
Open ports
Antivirus operational and malware definition status
Unauthorized applications detected on scanned targets
Screenshot 59 - Event generated by GFI LANguard
GFI EventsManager can process events generated by GFI LANguard version
9.5 or later.
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6.7.2 How to enable GFI LANguard event logging?
To start monitoring „Application log‟ entries generated by GFI LANguard, you must configure GFI EventsManager to scan the Application log of GFI LANguard. This is achieved by adding the machine where GFI LANguard is installed to the list of event sources in GFI EventsManager. For information on how to manage event sources,
refer to Manage event sources chapter in this manual.
Once GFI LANguard machine is added as an event source, GFI EventsManager will remotely and automatically enable the event logging feature in GFI LANguard by creating and setting the following registry value on the GFI LANguard machine:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GFI\LNSS[n]\Config\EventLog = 1
(dword)
[n] is the major version number of GFI LANguard. For example, for GFI
LANguard 9.5, the registry entry would be:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GFI\LNSS9\Config\EventLog = 1
(dword)
To stop GFI LANguard from generating „Application Log‟ entries, remove the registry value described above or change the registry value to 0.
6.7.3 Monitor GFI LANguard Events
GFI EventsManager has built-in processing rules for GFI LANguard events that are enabled by default. To monitor events generated by GFI LANguard select Status
►
General and locate the Critical and High Importance Events section.
Screenshot 60 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Critical and High importance events
Vulnerability/threats are grouped by type (for example Vulnerabilities, missing patches, missing service packs)
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To configure GFI LANguard event processing rules, click Configuration
►
Event Processing Rules and from the left pane select GFI Rules
► GFI
LANguard rules. For more information on event processing rules, refer to
Using event processing rules chapter in this manual.
6.8 Adding GFI EndPointSecurity event sources
6.8.1 Introduction
GFI EndPointSecurity enables you to maintain data integrity by preventing unauthorized access and transfer of content to and from the following devices or connection ports:
USB Ports (e.g. Flash and Memory card readers, pen drives)
Firewire ports (e.g. digital cameras, Firewire card readers)
Wireless data connections (e.g. Bluetooth and Infrared dongles)
Floppy disk drives (internal and external)
Optical drives (e.g. CD, DVD)
Magneto Optical drives (internal and external)
Removable USB hard-disk drives
Other drives such as Zip drives and tape drives (internal and external).
For more information on GFI EndPointSecurity, refer to http://www.gfi.com/endpointsecurity
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6.8.2 Enable GFI EndPointSecurity logging
By default GFI EndPointSecurity is configured to generate log events with information on:
The GFI EndPointSecurity service
Devices connected and disconnected on your network
Access allowed or denied by GFI EndPointSecurity to users.
Screenshot 61 - Event generated by GFI EndPointSecurity
To configure the logging options in GFI EndPointSecurity:
1. From the GFI EndPointSecurity machine, launch GFI EndPointSecurity management console.
2. Click Configuration
► Protection Policies.
3. From the left pane, select the protection policy and click Set Logging Options.
4. Customize the settings available in the Logging Option dialog.
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For more information on how to configure GFI EndPointSecurity logging options, refer to the GFI EndPointSecurity documentation available from http://www.gfi.com/products/gfi-endpointsecurity/manual .
6.8.3 Monitor GFI EndPointSecurity Events
GFI EventsManager has built-in processing rules for GFI EndPointSecurity events that are enabled by default. To monitor events generated by GFI EndPointSecurity select Status
► General and locate the Critical and High Importance Events section.
To configure GFI EndPointSecurity event processing rules, click Configuration
►
Event Processing Rules and from the left pane select GFI Rules
► GFI
EndPointSecurity rules. For more information on event processing rules, refer to
Using event processing rules chapter in this manual.
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7 Using event processing rules
7.1 Introduction
GFI EventsManager allows you to collect and process: Windows Event Logs, W3C logs, Syslogs, SNMP Traps and Microsoft SQL Server audit logs. All supported log types record events in a different and proprietary format; therefore every log type requires different configuration settings and parameters. You can configure log collection and processing parameters:
On a computer by computer basis
On a computer group by computer group basis.
During event processing, GFI EventsManager runs a configurable set of rules against the collected logs in order to classify events and trigger alerts/actions accordingly. By default, GFI EventsManager ships with a pre-configured set of event processing rules that allow you to gain network-wide control over computer logs - with negligible configuration effort.
Event processing rules
Event processing rules are instructions/checks that:
Analyze the collected logs.
Classify the severity of processed events. Classification is based on the configuration settings of the processing rule.
Filter events that match specific criteria. For example, you can create and run a rule which filters out low severity events and noise (duplicate events).
Generate alerts and actions based on event severity. For example, you can configure GFI EventsManager to send both SMS and Email alerts whenever an event is classified as critical; but limit the product to send only email alerts when an event is classified as high in severity. For more information on how to
configure alerts and actions refer to Configuring alerting options section in this
manual.
Optionally archive filtered events. Event archiving is based on the severity of the event and on the configuration settings of the event processing rules. For example, you can configure GFI EventsManager to archive only events that are classified critical or high in severity and discard all the rest.
In GFI EventsManager, event processing rules are organized into „Rule-sets‟; and every rule-set can contain one or more specialized rules which can be run against collected logs.
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Screenshot 62 - Rule-sets folder and Rule-sets
Rule-sets are further organized into Rule-sets Folders. This way you can group rulesets according to the functions and actions that the respective rules perform. By default, GFI EventsManager ships with pre-configured folders, rule-sets and event processing rules that can be further customized to suite your event processing requirements.
Event classification
GFI EventsManager classifies events in 5 categories:
Critical
High
Medium
Low
Noise (unwanted or repeated log entries).
Event classification is based on the configuration of the rules that are executed against the collected logs. Events that don‟t satisfy any event classification conditions are tagged as unclassified and can be set to trigger the same alerts and actions available for classified events.
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7.2 How event processing works
The flowchart chart below illustrates the event processing stages performed by GFI
EventsManager.
Screenshot 63 - Log processing, classification and actions flowchart
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7.3 Collecting events
7.3.1 Collecting Windows events
Windows events are organized into specific log categories; by default computers running on Windows NT or higher record errors, warnings and information events in 3 logs namely Security, Application and System logs. Computers that have more specialized roles on the network (e.g. Domain Controllers, DNS Servers, etc.) have additional event log categories.
Screenshot 64 - Computer group properties: Configuring logs to be processed
As a minimum, Windows Operating Systems record events in the following logs:
Security events log: This log contains security related events through which you can audit successful or attempted security breaches. Typical events found in the
Security Events log include valid and invalid logon attempts.
Application events log: This log contains events recorded by software applications/programs such as file errors.
System events log: This log contains events logged by Windows XP system components such as failures to load device drivers.
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Directory service log: This log contains events generated by the Active
Directory including successful or failed attempts to make to update the Active
Directory database.
File Replication service log: This log contains events recorded by the Windows
File Replication service. These including file replication failures and events that occur while domain controllers are being updated with information about sysvol.
DNS server log: This log contains events associated with the process of resolving DNS names to IP addresses.
Application and Services Logs: These logs contain events associated with
Windows VISTA and the relative services/functionalities it offers.
Screenshot 65 - Computer group properties: Configuring Windows Event Logs parameters
To configure Windows Event Log collection and processing parameters you must:
Select the events to be collected.
Specify whether the collected logs will be processed (filtered, etc.) or just archived without processing.
Select the event processing rule-sets/rules that will be run against the collected logs.
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Select if the events will be stored in the storage folder. For more information on
how to archive events in a storage folder, refer to Configure storage folder section
in this manual.
Selecting the events to be collected
To specify which Windows events will be collected by GFI EventsManager:
1. Launch the (computer/computer group) properties dialog.
2. Click Windows Event Log tab.
Screenshot 66 - Selecting the events to be collected
3. Click on Add and select the check-box of the events that will be collected.
GFI EventsManager supports custom event logs. For information on how
to configure custom event logs please refer to Collecting custom events
section in this chapter.
4. (Optional) Select the option Clear collected events after completion to clear the collected events from event sources.
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Deleting Syslog messages without archiving may lead to legal compliance issues.
7.3.2 Collecting W3C logs
W3C is another log format supported by GFI EventsManager. W3C logs are textbased flat files containing various event details delimited by special characters.
The W3C log format is mostly commonly used by hardware systems (e.g. servers and appliances) which have internet specific roles. Microsoft Internet Information
Server (IIS) service and Apache web servers for example, can collect web related events (i.e. web logs) in the form of W3C formatted text files.
In GFI EventsManager, the configuration process of W3C log parameters is identical to that performed for Windows event processing, with one exception. Unlike Windows
Event Logs, there is no standard which dictates a specific or centralized folder location where W3C log files are stored on disk. Therefore, in order to collect W3C logs, you must specify the complete path to these text-based log files.
Selecting the events to be collected and processed
To specify which W3C logs will be collected by GFI EventsManager:
1. Click Configuration
► Event Sources
2. Right click a group or a single computer and select Properties.
3. In the Properties window select W3C Logs tab.
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Screenshot 67 - Computer group properties: Configuring W3C event processing parameters
4. Click on Add and specify the log file name and location. Wildcards such as *.* are supported.
Screenshot 68
– Add a new W3C folder path
5. (Optional) Select Clear collected events after completion option, to clear the collected events from event sources.
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6. (Optional) Select Archive all scanned events in folder storage option to archive events in the storage folder after applying the processing rules. For more information
on how to configure the storage folder, refer to Configure storage folder section in
this manual.
Deleting SNMP messages without archiving may lead to legal compliance issues.
7.3.3 Collecting Syslogs
Syslog is a data logging service that is most commonly used in Linux and UNIX based environments. The concept behind Syslogs is that the logging of events and information is entirely handled by a dedicated server called „Syslog Server‟. This means that unlike Windows and W3C log based environments, regular programs do not log any information. They just send events in the form of data messages
(technically known as „Syslog Messages‟) to a Syslog server that will manage the message and save the data in a log file.
Screenshot 69 - Computer group properties: Syslog processing parameters
In order to process Syslog messages, GFI EventsManager ships with a built-in
Syslog Server. This Syslog server will automatically collect, in real-time, all Syslog messages/events sent by Syslog sources and pass them on to the event processing
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engine. Out-of-the-box GFI EventsManager supports events generated by various network devices manufactured by leading providers including Cisco and Juniper. For more information about supported devices visit: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002868 .
A built-in buffer allows the Syslog server to collect, queue and forward up to 30
Syslog messages for batch processing. Buffered logs are by default passed on to the event processing engine as soon as the buffer fills up or at 1 minute intervals whichever comes first.
Figure 7 - Syslog messages must be directed to the computer running GFI EventsManager
For Syslog message processing, ALL Syslog sources (e.g. workstations, servers, network appliances, etc.) must be configured to send their messages to the computer/IP where GFI EventsManager is installed. This applies also for the computer that is running GFI EventsManager, in GFI EventsManager, Syslog event processing parameters are configured as follows:
1. Open up the (computer/computer group) properties dialog.
2. Click Syslog tab.
3. To enable the Syslog server and listen for messages sent by the computers in a computer group, select the option Accept Syslog Messages from this computer
group.
4. Click Advanced to enter a custom window code page.
Windows code page - is used to encode international characters to ASCII strings. Since Syslog is not Unicode compliant, GFI EventsManager uses a code page to decode the events. This is only applicable if GFI
EventsManager is installed on a machine using a different language than the monitored machines. For a windows code list , refer to http://www.microsoft.com/globaldev/reference/wincp.mspx
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5. (Optional) Select Archive all scanned events in folder storage option, to archive events in the storage folder. For more information on how to configure the storage
folder, refer to Configure storage folder section in this manual.
Deleting events from source logs without archiving may lead to legal compliance issues.
The GFI EventsManager Syslog server is by default configured to listen for
Syslog messages on port 514. For more information on how to customize
The built-in Syslog server will only accept Syslog messages sent from the computers that are part of this computer group.
Configuring the Syslog server communications port
To change the default Syslog ports settings:
Screenshot 70 - Configuring Syslog Server
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1. Select Configuration tab
2. Select Options from the tab options.
3. From the left pane, right-click the Syslog Server Options node and select Edit
Syslog options…
Screenshot 71- Syslog server properties
4. Select Enable in-built Syslog server on TCP / UDP port: and specify the
TCP/UDP port on which GFI EventsManager will receive/listen for Syslog messages.
5. Select OK to finalize your settings.
When configuring Syslog server port settings, make sure that the configured port is not already in use by other installed applications. This may affect the delivery of Syslog messages to GFI EventsManager.
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7.3.4 Collecting SNMP Traps
Figure 8: SNMP Trap messages must be directed to the computer running GFI EventsManager
SNMP is a data logging service that enables networked devices to log events and information through data messages (technically known as SNMP Traps). SNMP messaging technology is similar in concept to Syslogs - where unlike Windows and
W3C log based environments, devices that generate SNMP messages do not record events data in local logs. Instead events information is sent in the form of data messages to an SNMP Trap Server which manages and saves SNMP message data in a local (centralized) log file.
GFI EventsManager natively supports an extensive list of SNMP devices and
Management Information Bases (MIBs). For a full list of supported devices visit: http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002868 .
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Screenshot 72 - Computer group properties: SNMP processing parameters
GFI EventsManager includes a dedicated SNMP Trap Server through which SNMP
Traps are handled. A built-in buffer allows the SNMP Trap Server to collect, queue and forward up to 30 SNMP Trap messages for batch processing. Buffered logs are by default passed on to the event processing engine as soon as the buffer fills up or at 1 minute intervals whichever comes first.
For SNMP Trap processing, ALL sources (e.g. workstations, servers, network appliances, etc.) must be configured to send their messages to the computer/IP where GFI EventsManager is installed. This applies also for the computer that is running GFI EventsManager, to configure SNMP processing parameters
1. Open the computer/computer group properties dialog.
2. Click SNMP Traps tab.
3. To listen to SNMP messages via built-in SNMP Trap Server select the Accept
SNMP Traps messages from this computer group option.
Deleting events from source logs without archiving may lead to legal compliance issues.
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The GFI EventsManager SNMP Trap Server is by default configured to listen for SNMP Trap messages on port 162. For more information on how to
customize SNMP Trap Server port settings refer to Configuring the SNMP
Trap server settings section in this chapter.
The built-in SNMP Trap Server will only accept SNMP messages sent from the computers that are part of this computer group.
The built in SNMP Trap Server supports SNMP version 3 Traps with encryption. For encrypted SNMP messages the encryption host key must be provided in the decrypt incoming SNMP Traps 3 message field
7.3.5 Configuring the SNMP Trap server settings
To change the default SNMP Trap Server settings:
Screenshot 73 - Configuring SNMP Traps
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1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, right-click the SNMP Traps Options node and select Edit
SNMP Traps options…
Screenshot 74- SNMP Traps options
3. Enable the required TCP/UDP SNMP server. Specify the TCP/UDP port on which
GFI EventsManager will listen for SNMP messages.
4. Click Advanced tab to add, edit or remove SNMP Trap object identifiers (OIDs).
5. Click Specific Trap Type tab to add, edit or remove trap types.
6. Click OK to finalize your configuration settings.
When configuring SNMP Trap Server port settings, make sure that the configured TCP or UDP port is not already in use by other installed applications. This may affect the delivery of SNMP Trap messages to GFI
EventsManager.
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7.3.6 Collecting custom events
GFI EventsManager is configured to collect and process standard Windows Event
Logs. However, GFI EventsManager can also be configured to manage events recorded in third party application logs such as anti-virus logs, software firewall logs and other security software.
To configure custom events:
1. Click the Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, right-click on the Custom Events Logs node and select Edit
custom logs…
Screenshot 75 - Custom event logs setup
3. Click
Add… button and specify the name of your custom event log.
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Screenshot 76 - Custom event logs dialog
4. Click OK to finalize your settings.
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Screenshot 77 - List of custom events
5. (Optional) Click Edit to rename the selected custom event, or click Remove to delete the selected custom event.
7.4 Archiving events
By default, GFI EventsManager is configured to process all event logs collected from target computers.
Screenshot 78 - Archiving events after processing
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Processed events can be archived into the GFI EventsManager database backend and\or stored in a storage folder. By default, GFI EventsManager can be configured to automatically archive events:
Based on their classification. For example, you can configure default settings which archive only critical events. For information on how to configure event
Based on the conditions configured in the event processing rules. Rules provide an alternative and more flexible way to archive processed events. Through these rules, you can selectively archive only those events that satisfy specific rule condition(s) - regardless their classification. For example, you can configure a rule which archives only critical events with ID 537.
After collecting the events, GFI EventsManager can be configured to store the collected events into a storage folder, this can be done by selecting Archive all
scanned events in folder storage. The storage folder path can be configured from
the Configuration tab, for more information refer to Configure storage folder . This
feature allows the administrator to store all the events in a storage folder and store only important events (that trigger rules) in the database.
When configuring SNMP Trap Server port settings, make sure that the configured TCP or UDP port is not already in use by other installed applications. This may affect the delivery of SNMP Trap messages to GFI
EventsManager.
For more information on how to retrieve archived events from the storage
folder, refer to Import from file section in this manual.
7.4.1 Configure storage folder
GFI EventsManager can be configured to archive events in a storage folder after applying processing rules. This feature allows the system to store all the events retrieved from event sources, on the local host (where GFI EventsManager is installed). To configure the storage folder:
1. Click Configuration
► Options.
2. From the left panel click Database Backend node.
3. From the right panel click Change files folder backend.
4. Key in a name for the archive file.
5. Click Browse to locate the path where the archive file will be saved.
6. Click OK to apply settings.
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Screenshot 79
– Configure file folder
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7.5 Select event processing rules
Screenshot 80 - Computer group properties: Configuring Windows Event Logs parameters
In order to process and classify events, you must specify which rules will be applied against the collected logs. This is achieved by selecting the rule-sets folder or ruleset (s) that contain the required event processing rules.
Screenshot 81 - Selecting event processing rules/rule-sets
However, you must pay attention and choose the right “rule” for the job. The rule-sets that ship with GFI EventsManager are pre-configured to specific logs; therefore it is imperative that you choose rule-sets that can effectively process the events recorded in the collected logs.
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Certain rule-sets contain specialized rules that are event specific. Therefore these rules will only be effective when used to process such specific events; failing to do so will result into erroneous event processing, data loss and non-significant results. For example, the „Monitoring and Attack detection‟ rule-set contains rules specifically built to process Windows Security events. Therefore it will not be very effective if used to process Windows application events.
By default, GFI EventsManager ships with pre-selected rules-sets/folders that can effectively process Windows Event Logs. If you are new to the product or you are not yet acquainted with the functionality of rule-sets, we recommend that you leave these settings as default.
If no rules-sets are shown in the selection window, this means that no event processing rules exist for the type of log being configured. For more information on how to configure event processing rules and rule-sets, refer to
Using event processing rules chapter.
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7.6 Triggering event source scanning manually
In GFI EventsManager, you can manually trigger an event collection iteration on target computers. To achieve this:
1. Right-click on the computer group which contains the required event sources.
2. Select Scanning options
► Scan now.
Screenshot 82 - Triggering log collection manually
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8 Manage rule-sets
8.1 Introduction
Event processing rules are the conditions which:
Classify processed events
Filter out noise (repeated events) or unwanted events
Trigger email, SMS and network alerts on key events
Attempt remedial actions by executing specific scripts and executable files on key events.
GFI EventsManager ships with pre-configured rules that can be used to process events with minor configuration effort. You can also customize these default rules or create tailored ones for all supported log types (i.e. Windows Event Logs, W3C,
Syslog, SNMP Traps and SQL Server audit logs).
In GFI EventsManager, event processing rules are organized into rule-sets, which in
turn are stored in rule-set folders. Table 8 below list some of the most common rule-
set folders in GFI EventsManager.
Table 8 - Rule-set folders available in GFI EventsManager
Rule-set folder
Noise reduction rules
PCI requirements
Windows OS
Security
System Health
Security Applications
Infrastructure Server
Database Server
Web Server
Print Server
GFI Rules
Terminal Services
Description
Contains rules tailored for the removal of repeated events and other noise from logs.
Contains rules tailored for PCI DSS compliance
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Security logs and
System logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs and
System logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs,
Security logs and System logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs, DNS logs and System logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs and
System logs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Application logs and
System logs.
Contains rules for processing GFI LANguard vulnerability scans and
GFI EventsManager auditing results.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events generated terminal device driver services.
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Rule-set folder
Email Server
File Replication
Directory Server
HTTP protocol logs
FTP protocol logs
SMTP protocol logs
Linux/Unix
Cisco PIX & ASA
Database changes
SQL Server errors
Description
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events generated by
Microsoft Exchange server.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events generated by file replication services.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events found in the
Directory Services log.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of HTTP events logged by
IIS Web Server(s)
Contains rules tailored for the processing of FTP events logged by
IIS Web server(s)
Contains rules tailored for to monitor events logged by ISS SMTP server(s).
Contains rules tailored for the processing of Syslogs.
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events generated by
Cisco PIX firewalls and Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances
Contains rules tailored for the processing of events generated when a database schema is changed.
Contains rules tailored for processing of events generated when an
SQL error occurs.
8.2 Managing rule set folders
Screenshot 83 - The log type drop-down list
8.2.1 Add a rule-set folder
To create a new rule-set folder:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select the log-type for which you will be creating the rule-set folder.
3. Select the Create folder option from the Common tasks area in the left pane.
4. Specify a unique name for the new rule-set folder.
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8.2.2 Renaming and deleting folders
To rename or delete existing rule-set folders, right-click on the target rule-set folder and select Rename or Delete accordingly.
Deleting a rule-set folder will lead to the deletion of all the rules and rulesets contained within the deleted folder.
8.2.3 Creating a new rule-set
To create a new rule-set:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select the log-type for which you will be creating the new rule-set.
3. Right-click on the folder where to create the new rule-set and select Create new
rule set….
Screenshot 84 - New rule-set dialog box
4. Specify a name and a description for this new rule-set.
5. Click OK to finalize your settings.
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8.2.4 Editing a rule-set
To edit rule-set parameters:
1. Right-click on the rule-set to edit and select Properties.
2. Make the required changes and click OK to finalize your settings.
To delete a rule-set, right-click on the rule-set and select Delete.
8.3 Create log rules
8.3.1 Creating a new Windows Event Log rule
To create a new rule which is only applicable to Windows Event Logs:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
Screenshot 85 - Selecting log-type from the provided drop-down
2. Select Windows Event Logs from the drop down list.
3. Right-click the rule-set where the log rule will be created and click Create new
rule…
4. Specify the name and a description for the new rule. Click Next to proceed with the configuration.
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Screenshot 86 - GFI EventsManager: Select the Log(s)
5. Select the event logs to which the rule applies and click Next.
Screenshot 87 - GFI EventsManager: Select the filtering conditions
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6. Configure the event filtering conditions of this rule. To create a rule which will be applied to all events, leave the event ID empty. Click Next to continue.
To filter events that refer to an administrator user (events having the security identifier SID that identifies a logon administrator session), ensure that if the target is a domain member, the domain controller must be added as a target machine and scanned. For more information on how to add
target machine, refer to Managing event sources groups section in this
manual.
7. (Optional) Click Advanced to configure advanced filtering conditions. For more
information refer to Advanced event filtering parameters section in this manual.
Screenshot 88 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
8. Specify the time when this rule will be executed. (i.e. anytime, during working hours or outside working hours).
Working and non-working hours are based on the operational time parameters configured for your event sources. For more information on
how to configure operational times, refer to Configure operational time
chapter.
9. Select the classification (critical, high, medium, low or noise) that will be assigned to events that satisfy the conditions in this rule. Click Next to continue.
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Screenshot 89 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
10. Specify which actions will be triggered by this rule. Actions available are:
Ignore the event
Use the default classification actions
Use an action profile.
If Use the following actions profile is selected, click Edit to configure and select actions to perform.
11. Click Next to proceed to the final dialog. Click Finish to finalize your settings.
Newly created rules are disabled by default and will NOT become operational unless enabled. For information on how to enable event processing rules refer to section in this Manual.
8.3.2 Creating a new W3C rule
To create a new rule which is only applicable for W3C logs:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select W3C Logs.
3. Right-click on the rule-set in which you will be creating the new rule and select
Create new rule…
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4. Specify a name and description for the new rule. Click Next to proceed with the configuration.
Screenshot 90 - New processing rule wizard: Select W3C Log
5. Click Add button. Specify the path to the W3C logs for which this rule applies or leave blank to apply this rule to all W3C logs. Click Next to continue.
Multiple paths can be specified during configuration.
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Screenshot 91 - New processing rule wizard: Configure filtering conditions.
6. Click Add button and configure event filtering conditions. Repeat until all conditions have been specified. Click Next to continue.
Screenshot 92
– Edit filter rules
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Screenshot 93 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
7. Specify the time when this rule will be executed. (i.e. anytime, during working hours or outside working hours).
Working and non-working hours are based on the operational time parameters configured for your event sources. For more information on
operational times, refer to Using event processing rules section in this
manual.
8. Select the classification (critical, high, medium, low or noise) that will be assigned to events that satisfy the conditions in this rule. Click Next to continue.
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Screenshot 94 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
9. Specify which actions will be triggered by this rule. You can choose to ignore the event, trigger the default action, or customize alerts.
10. Click Next to proceed to the final dialog. Click Finish to finalize your settings.
Newly created rules are disabled by default and will NOT become operational unless enabled. For information on how to enable event
processing rules refer to Collecting events section in this Manual.
8.3.3 Creating a new Syslog rule
To create a new rule that is only applicable for the processing of Syslog messages:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select Syslog.
3. Right-click on the rule-set in which you will be creating the new rule and select
Create new rule…
4. Specify the name and a description for the new rule. Click Next to proceed with the configuration.
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Screenshot 95 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions
5. Specify the log filtering conditions to be processed by this rule. When all conditions have been specified, click Next.
Screenshot 96 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
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6. Specify the time when this rule will be executed. (i.e. anytime, during working hours or outside working hours).
Working and non-working hours are based on the operational time parameters configured for your event sources. For more information on
operational times, refer to Configure operational time section in this
manual.
7. Select the classification (critical, high, medium, low) that will be assigned to events that satisfy this rule. Click Next to continue.
Screenshot 97 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
8. Specify which actions will be triggered by this rule. You can choose to ignore the event, trigger the default action, or customize alerts.
9. Click Next to proceed to the final dialog. Click Finish to finalize your settings.
Newly created rules are disabled by default, hence will NOT become operational unless enabled. For information on how to enable event
processing rules refer to Collecting Syslogs section in this Manual.
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8.3.4 Creating a new SNMP Trap rule
To create a new rule that is only applicable for the processing of SNMP Traps:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select SNMP Traps logs.
3. Right-click on the rule-set in which you will be creating the new rule and select
Create new rule…
4. Specify the name and a description for the new rule. Click Next to proceed with the configuration.
Screenshot 98 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions
5. Specify the log filtering conditions to be processed by this rule. When all conditions have been specified, click Next.
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Screenshot 99 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
6. Specify the time when this rule will be executed. (i.e. anytime, during working hours or outside working hours).
Working and non-working hours are based on the operational time parameters configured for your event sources. For more information on
operational times, refer to Configure operational time section.
7. Select the classification (critical, high, medium, low) that will be assigned to events that satisfy this rule. Click Next to continue.
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Screenshot 100 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
8. Specify which actions will be triggered by this rule. You can choose to ignore the event, trigger the default action, or customize alerts.
9. Click Next to proceed to the final dialog. Click Finish to finalize your settings.
Newly created rules are disabled by default, hence will NOT become operational unless enabled. For information on how to enable event
processing rules refer to Collecting SNMP Traps section in this Manual.
8.3.5 Creating a new SQL Server audit log
To create a new rule that is only applicable for the processing of SQL Server audit logs:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Event Processing Rules.
2. From the provided drop-down, select Microsoft SQL Server audit.
3. Right-click on the rule-set in which you will be creating the new rule and select
Create new rule…
4. Specify the name and a description for the new rule. Click Next to proceed with the configuration.
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Screenshot 101 - New processing rule wizard: Configure Conditions
5. Specify the log filtering conditions to be processed by this rule. When all conditions have been specified, click Next.
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Screenshot 102 - New processing rule wizard: Select event occurrence and importance
6. Specify the time when this rule will be executed. (i.e. anytime, during working hours or outside working hours).
Working and non-working hours are based on the operational time parameters configured for your event sources. For more information on
operational times, refer to Configure operational time section.
7. Select the classification (critical, high, medium, low) that will be assigned to events that satisfy this rule. Click Next to continue.
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Screenshot 103 - New processing rule wizard: Select action
8. Specify which actions will be triggered by this rule. You can choose to ignore the event, trigger the default action, or customize alerts.
9. Click Next to proceed to the final dialog. Click Finish to finalize your settings.
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8.3.6 Create new rule from an existing event
GFI EventsManager allows the creation of a new rule from an existing Windows
Event.
Create new rule from event
To create a new rule from an existing Windows Event:
1. Select Events Browser
► Windows Events Browser
2. Right click the event and select Create rule from event.
Screenshot 104
– Create rule from event
3. In the rule properties dialog box, key-in a valid name and an optional description.
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Screenshot 105
– New Rule dialog
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Screenshot 106
–Updated conditions for the selected rule
4. Select the Conditions tab and update the fields as required.
Conditions such as Event ID, Source and Category are updated automatically from the selected Windows event.
5. Select the Actions tab and configure the type of action to perform when the event occurs. You can choose to ignore the event, trigger the default action, or customize alerts.
6. Click Ok to save and close the rule dialog.
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8.3.7 View or Edit a custom rule
To view or edit the new rule created:
1. Click Configuration tab, select Log Type.
2. From the Rule Sets list, locate and click the Custom Rules folder.
3. Click Custom rule set rule and in the right panel locate the new rule created.
4. Right click the rule to:
Disable
Delete
Increase or decrease priority
Edit properties.
Screenshot 107
– Edit an existing custom rule
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8.3.8 Changing the configuration settings of a rule
Screenshot 108 - Log processing rule properties
To edit the property settings of an event processing rule:
1. Right-click on the rule and select Properties.
2. Use the tabs provided in the dialog to navigate the existing parameters and make the required changes. The tabs provided in the properties dialog include:
General - Use this tab to configure the general properties of the rule including the rule name and rule classification.
Logs - This tab is available only for W3C log rules. Use this tab to specify the
W3C logs for which this rule applies.
Event Logs - This tab is available only for Windows Event Log rules only. Use this tab to specify which events will be processed by this rule.
Conditions - Use this tab to configure event filtering conditions.
Actions - Use this tab to configure alerts and actions triggered by this rule.
Threshold - Use this tab to configure the event threshold value i.e. the number of times that an event must be detected prior to triggering alerts and remedial
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actions. This helps reducing false positives triggered by noise (repeated events) in your event logs.
8.4 Advanced event filtering parameters
GFI EventsManager allows systems administrators to set up advanced event filtering parameters. These options are available only for Windows Events and Syslogs.
8.4.1 Windows events conditions
The Event IDs: field allows systems administrators to setup parameters described in
Table 9 - Parameters available in the Event ID field
Parameter type
Single events
Example
List of events
Range of events
Combination of events
The Source, Category and User fields allow systems administrators to setup
parameters described in Table 10 below.
Table 10 - Parameters available in the Source, Category and User fields
Parameter type
Single source name
Example
List of sources
Wildcards (% and *)
8.4.2 Syslog categories
The Message and Process fields allow systems administrators to setup parameters
Table 11 - Parameters available in the Message and Process fields
Parameter type
Single message
Example
List of messages
Wildcards (% and *)
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8.4.3 Field operators
Field operators are used in advanced filtering. Filters process events based on the field operator and a value, configured by the user. Available field operators, include:
Equal to - When the event field is equal to the value configured.
Not Equal to - When the event field is not equal to the value configured.
Contains the text -When the event field contains the value text.
Does not contain the text - When the event field does contains the value text.
Like - When the event field has similar text as the value text.
Value in set - When the event field is equal to one of the values in a list.
Value not in set - When the event field is not equal to one of the values in a list.
To create a list in the value field, enter all items separated by a semicolon
„;‟.
Screenshot 109 - Available field operators
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9 Customizing alerts and actions
9.1 Introduction
During event processing, GFI EventsManager can automatically generate various actions whenever particular events are encountered. Supported actions include email alerts and event archiving.
You can specify alerts and actions to be triggered in two ways:
1. By configuring a set of „Default classification actions „.
2. By creating or customizing rules and rule-sets.
Default classification actions
Through the configuration parameters provided in the default classification actions, you can trigger alerts and actions based only on event classification. For example, default classification parameters can be configured to trigger email alerts for all classified events (critical, high, medium and low) but archive only critical events.
Generating actions through event processing rules
Rules allow you to configure actions on a more granular level. Rules allow you to configure and trigger actions whenever an event fits one or more specific conditions.
For example, you can create a rule which archives only events having event ID 231, regardless their classification.
Supported actions
GFI EventsManager supports the following actions:
Archive the event - Archives the classified event into the GFI EventsManager database back-end.
Send e-mail, SMS, network or SNMP notifications to - Sends email, SMS network or SNMP alerts to specific recipients.
Run File - Runs an executable file. Files that can be executed include VBScripts
(.VBS), Batch files (.BAT) or another executable type of file (.EXE). You can also specify any command-line parameters to pass on to the executable file.
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9.2 Configuring default classification actions
Screenshot 110 - Configuring default classification actions
To configure default classification actions:
1. Click the Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, right-click on the Default Classification Actions node and select Edit defaults
… option.
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Screenshot 111 - Default classification actions screen
3. From the provided drop-down, select the event classification to be configured.
4. From the provided list of supported actions, select the ones to be triggered for the selected classification.
5. Click Configure button specifies any parameters required by the selected action.
Be aware that assigning actions on events classified as low might generate:
A lot of network traffic (especially if email, SMS, network or SNMP alerts are being generated)
A high volume of database data/transactions if events are being archived.
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9.3 Configuring alerting options
GFI EventsManager will automatically send out email, network, SMS or SNMP alerts whenever particular events are discovered. Supported alerting methods require the configuration of a set of general alerting parameters that are network specific. For example, to send email alerts, GFI EventsManager must know which SMTP Server will be used to propagate email alerts.
While GFI EventsManager issues alerts automatically whenever particular alerts are discovered, it is important to configure the email address/es of the recipients of such alerts. By default, GFI EventsManager will automatically create the EventsManagerAdministrator account to which you can assign an email address. For more information on how to
Screenshot 112 - Configuring alerting options
To configure alerts:
1. Click the Configuration tab and select Options.
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2. From the left pane, right-click on the Alerting Options node and select Edit
alerting options… option.
Select Edit alert recipients to configure the contact details of the alerting recipients and to manage user accounts. For more information, refer to
Manage user accounts section in this manual.
Screenshot 113 - Alerting options dialog
This will launch the Alerting Options dialog. Use the Email, Network, SMS and
SNMP tabs provided in this dialog to configure the default alerting settings. More information on how to configure these settings is provided below.
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9.3.1 Configuring email alerts
Screenshot 114- Mail server properties dialog box
To configure email alerts:
1. From the Email tab which opens by default, click on the Add button.
2. Specify the name/IP of your mail server. If required specify also the mail server authentication details.
3. Specify the email address and display name that will be used when sending email alerts.
4. To customize the email text message, click on the
Format Email Message… button.
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Screenshot 115- Format mail message
5. If required, click on the Network, SMS or SNMP tabs to configure the respective parameters.
6. Click OK to finalize your settings.
9.3.2 Configuring network alerts
Screenshot 116 - Alerting Options: Network dialog box
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1. Access the Network tab
2. Click
Format network message… to customize the network message.
9.3.3 Configuring SMS alerts
Screenshot 117 - Alerting Options: SMS dialog box
SMS alerts can be sent using various methods. Supported methods include GFI
FAXmaker SMS gateway and Clickatell Email to SMS service gateway. To configure which method will be used to convey SMS alerts:
1. Access the SMS tab
2. From the provided drop-down, select the SMS system through which SMS notification will be sent.
3. Select the property to be configured from the list provided and click
Edit…
4. Repeat until all required properties have been configured.
5. To customize the SMS alert message, click
Format SMS message….
6. Click on OK to finalize your settings.
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9.3.4 Configuring SNMP alerts
Screenshot 118 - Alerting Options: SNMP dialog box
To configure SNMP alerts:
1. Access the SNMP tab
2. Specify the IP address where SNMP alerts will be sent.
3. Optionally specify the port/s that will be used to send the SNMP alerts.
4. To customize the email text message, click on the Format SNMP
Message… button.
5. Click OK to finalize your settings.
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10 Configuring users and groups
10.1 Introduction
Screenshot 119 - Configuring users and groups node
Use the Users and Groups node to assign different console access privileges to GFI
EventsManager users. Through this node users and groups can be configured, amended or deleted. Working hours and alerts can also be configured and assigned to groups.
Use the users and groups node also to assign users administrative privileges. These privileges allow users to browse events as well as modify GFI EventsManager configuration settings.
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10.2 Manage user accounts
10.2.1 Configuring the administrator account
GFI EventsManager will automatically create the „EventsManagerAdministrator „ account. However, you must still configure details such as the email address and mobile number of the GFI EventsManager administrator.
GFI EventsManager requires a valid administrator email address in order to distribute automatic alerts when particular events are discovered.
For every user (including the administrator), you can configure the following parameters:
Contact details including email address and phone number
The typical working hours
The type of alert to send during and outside working hours
The notification group to which the user belongs.
Screenshot 120 - Configuring the default EventsManagerAdministrator account
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To configure the GFI EventsManagerAdministrator account:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. Expand the Users and Groups node.
3. Click Users sub-node and in the right pane right click on the
EventsManagerAdministrator account and select Properties.
Screenshot 121 - EventsManager Administrator properties
Configuring the account sequence is as follows:
1. Specify the contact details such as email address, and mobile number as required.
2. Specify the computers on which network alerts addressed to the administrator will be sent.
3. Click Working Hours tab.
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Screenshot 122 - Configuring the typical working hours of an alert recipient
4. Select the typical working hours of the administrator/user.
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Screenshot 123 - Selecting alerts to be sent during and outside working hours
5. Click Alerts tab and select which alerts will be sent during and outside working hours.
6. (Optional) Select Send daily report via email to send a summary of the most important events collected and processed by GFI EventsManager by email.
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Screenshot 124 - Notification groups to which a user belongs
7. Click Member Of tab and select the notification groups to which the user belongs.
By default the administrator is a member of the „EventsManagerAdministrators‟ notification group.
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Screenshot 125 - Configuring GFI EventsManager administrator privileges
8. Click the Privileges to modify the user privileges on GFI EventsManager. By default the
„EventsManagerAdministrator‟ account has full privileges.
9. Click OK button to finalize your settings.
10.2.2 Create user accounts
GFI EventsManager allows you to create a custom list of users which you can organize into groups to speed up administrative tasks.
To create a new user:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. Expand the Users and Groups node.
3. Right-click on the Users sub-node and select
Create user…
4. Specify the parameters requested in the General, Working Hours, Alerts
Member of and Privileges tabs.
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Screenshot 126 - GFI EventsManager new user privileges
5. Click Privileges tab and select user privileges accordingly. E.g. To assign administrative privileges to a user select the This user has full privileges option.
Users with administrative privileges can modify all GFI EventsManager configuration settings.
6. Click OK to finalize setup.
10.2.3 Changing user properties
To edit user properties:
1. From the left pane, click on the Users node.
2. Right-click on the user to edit and select Properties.
3. Make the required changes in the tabs available and click OK to finalize your settings.
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10.2.4 Deleting users
To delete a user:
1. From the left pane, click on the Users node.
2. From the right viewer pane, right-click on the user to be deleted and select Delete.
10.3 Manage groups
Screenshot 127 - Groups configuration screen
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. Expand the Users and Groups node.
3. Right-click on the Groups sub-node and select
Create group…
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Screenshot 128 - New groups setup
4. Specify the name of the new group.
5. Click Add to start adding users to the group.
6. Click OK to finalize your settings.
10.3.1 Changing user group properties
To edit the settings of a user group do as follows:
1. From the left pane, click on the Groups node.
2. From the right pane, right-click on the group to be configured and select
Properties.
3. Perform the required changes in the tabs available and click OK to finalize your settings.
10.3.2 Deleting user groups
To delete a user group:
1. From the left pane, click on the Groups node.
2. From the right viewer pane, right-click on the group to be deleted and select
Delete.
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10.4 Manage console security
10.4.1 GFI EventsManager login system
The Security Options node enables you to configure the GFI EventsManager login system.
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
Screenshot 129 - Select the login options feature
2. Expand the Console Security and Audit Options node, click on the Security
Options node and select
Edit security options….
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Screenshot 130 - Login options dialog
3. Select/unselect the Enable EventsManager login system option accordingly.
4. Click OK to finalize your settings.
When the login system is enabled all users will be asked to specify their credentials every time they launch the GFI EventsManager management console.
Users are granted access with administrative or user privileges according to the user privileges set up in the privileges tab within the user setup dialogs.
To configure or edit a user password, from Configuration
►Users and
Groups
► Users, right click the user account and select Change
Password.
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10.4.2 Password recovery
When GFI EventsManager login system is enabled, all users are requested to enter a valid user name and password to access GFI EventsManager console.
Screenshot 131 - Login window
If a password is forgotten or lost:
1. Key in your username.
2. Click Forgot your password? Link
GFI EventsManager will send an email containing your login password.
The User must have a valid email address configured in GFI
EventsManager to receive the password by email. For more information on
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10.4.3 Audit console activity
GFI EventsManager can save the console activity to external logs. To configure the console activity auditing:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
Screenshot 132 - Select the Audit options feature
2. Expand the Console Security and Audit Options node, click Audit Options node and select
Edit audit options….
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Screenshot 133 - Audit Options
3. Select Audit all the actions done by users option and specify the location where the output log file will be saved.
4. Click OK to finalize settings.
Reports related to the console activity can be generated using GFI
ReportPack. For more information about GFI EventsManager ReportPack,
refer to Generating reports chapter in this manual.
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10.4.4 Auto-discovery credentials
The Auto-discovery credentials are used by GFI EventsManager to login target machines and collect information when performing an automatic search for event sources. To configure the auto-discovery credentials:
1. Click Configuration
►Options and under Console Security and Audit Options, select Auto-discovery credentials
►Edit auto-discovery credentials.
Screenshot 134 - Auto-discovery credentials
2. Key-in a valid username and password. Click Ok.
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11 Status monitoring
11.1 Introduction
The status monitor is a dashboard that shows the status of GFI EventsManager as well as provides you with statistical information related to the events collected, processed and archived by this product. The status monitor consists of three different dashboard views: General view, Job Activity view and Statistics view.
Screenshot 135 - Dashboard View Options
To access the status monitor click on the Status tab and select the required dashboard view.
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11.2 General status view
Screenshot 136 - GFI EventsManager status: General view
Use the General option to:
View the status of the GFI EventsManager event processing engine.
Access statistical information such as the number of logon events, critical events and service status events.
Click the Arrange Window icon to automatically fit all graphs in the management console.
11.2.1 GFI EventsManager service status
Screenshot 137 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Service Status
This section shows:
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The operational status of GFI EventsManager service/event processing engine
The operational status of the Syslog server
The operational status of the SNMP Traps server
The operational status of the database server currently in use by GFI
EventsManager
The GFI EventsManager service will not start if a database backend is not currently configured.
Click the service name to edit the service settings
11.2.2 Top Important Logon Events
Screenshot 138 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Important logon events
This section provides statistical information about:
Top 10 successful Logon events outside working hours
Top 10 important Logon events during working hours
Top 10 failed Logon events
Events in this section are filtered by:
Machine
– select a machine or key-in a machine name in the drop down list.
Period - the time period when the events occurred (Last hour, Last 24 hours,
Last 7 days or a specific date).
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To view events in the Events Browser, click View Events. For more information on
how to use the Event Browser, refer to Event browsing chapter in this manual.
Double click the graph to open the graph in a new window. When a 3D graph is selected, the new window allows you to rotate, zoom or resize the graph.
11.2.3 Critical and High Importance events
This section provides statistical/graphical information about critical events collected from all event sources. This graph shows the event processing rules that collected and processed the events for a particular period. For detailed information about the different types of important events shown in this graph, download the Microsoft
Security Monitoring and Attack Detection Planning Guide from http://www.gfi.com/ms-security-mointoring-and-attack-detection-planning/ .
Screenshot 139 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Critical and High importance events
From the drop down lists, select the type of information to display:
Grouping - how events are grouped (by Events, Computers, Computer groups,
Events/Computers or Events/Computer groups)
Event type - the type of data to display (Windows, W3C, Syslog, SNMP and
SQL).
Alert type - the alert type (All alerts, Critical or High)
Period - the time period when the events occurred (Last hour, Last 24 hours,
Last 7 days or a specific date).
To view events in the Events Browser, click View Events. For more information on
how to use the Event Browser, refer to Event browsing chapter in this manual.
Double click the graph to open the graph in a new window. When a 3D graph is selected, the new window allows you to rotate, zoom or resize the graph.
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The Top Critical and High Importance Events also display the vulnerability results monitored by GFI LANguard. For more information, refer
to Adding GFI LANguard event sources section in this manual.
11.2.4 Events Count by Database Fill-Up
Screenshot 140 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Service Status
This section displays:
The horizontal bars represent the number of events stored in the database backend, sorted by event log type.
The date and time of the last backup
The date and time of the next scheduled backup.
The bar color turns from green to red as the database is populated with events. It is recommended to perform a backup when the horizontal bar reaches the full (red) status. For more information on how to create a new database backup and
maintenance jobs, refer to Create maintenance jobs section in this manual.
Backup and Clean now
To start a backup operation:
1. Click the Backup and Clean now button.
2. Select which events should be backed up and click Backup and clean now.
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Screenshot 141 - GFI EventsManager Backup logs
If the Backup and Clean now button is disabled, create a new database operation job. For more information on how to create a new database
operation, refer to Create maintenance jobs section in this manual.
11.2.5 Top Services Status Events
Screenshot 142 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Services Status
This section displays the top 10 services that caused the selected event. A service can generate events when:
Terminated with an error
Failed to load
Failed to start
Timed out
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Stopped
Started
The graph shows the frequency of these events sorted by service type or\and by computer generating the event. Select a machine or service from the drop down lists or key-in the required criteria to customize the graph results.
To view events in the Events Browser, click View Events. For more information on
how to use the Event Browser, refer to Event browsing chapter in this manual.
To collect services information, target machines must have Audit system events policy enabled. For more information on how to enable this audit
policy, refer to Step 2: Enable additional auditing features section in this
manual.
Double click the graph to open the graph in a new window. When a 3D graph is selected, the new window allows you to rotate, zoom or resize the graph.
11.2.6 Top Network Activity Events
Screenshot 143 - GFI EventsManager General Status view: Network Activity
This section displays details of the top 10 network activities (inbound and outbound) generated by target machines. Network activity consists of all type of traffic that is generated by various protocols including SMTP, HTTP, FTP and MSN traffic. The network activities displayed can be filtered by:
Applications
Source Addresses
Destination Addresses
Computers
Ports
Users
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Select parameters from the drop down lists or key-in the values to filter the type of chart displayed.
The network activity shown in the chart applies only to computers running
Microsoft Windows Vista or later.
To collect network activities, target machines must have Object auditing and Process tracking enabled. For more information on how to enable
these audit policies, refer to Step 2: Enable additional auditing features
section in this manual.
11.3 Job activity view
Screenshot 144 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view
Use the Job Activity option to view your current event collection and processing activity. This includes active event collection jobs as well as Syslog messaging history on a machine by machine.
The information provided in this view is divided into dedicated sections. More details on these sections are provided below.
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11.3.1 Active jobs
Screenshot 145 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Active Jobs
This section shows a list of all event collection jobs currently taking place on every event source/machine. The information provided includes the job progress as well as the Log Source from which events are being collected.
11.3.2 Queued jobs
Screenshot 146 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Queued Jobs
This section shows a list of all pending event collection jobs on a machine by machine basis. The information provided includes the Log Source from which events will be collected as well as the time that these jobs were queued.
11.3.3 Server message history
Screenshot 147 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Server Message History
This section shows a list of all server messages (SNMP Traps and Syslog) that were received by GFI EventsManager. The information provided includes the total number
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of messages sent by every source machine and the date/time when the last message was received.
11.3.4 Operational history
Screenshot 148 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Operational History
This section shows an audit trail of the event collection operations carried out by GFI
EventsManager. The information provided includes errors and information messages generated during the event collection process as well as the name of the log file that was being processed on the source machine.
11.3.5 Maintenance jobs
Screenshot 149 - GFI EventsManager Job Activity view: Job activity status
This section shows the progress of maintenance jobs that have been created through
Database Operations. The information provided includes the job description as well as the time when the job began execution.
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11.4 Statistics view
Screenshot 150 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view
Use the Statistics option to view the daily event activity trends and statistics of a particular computer or of your entire network.
The information provided in this view is divided into dedicated sections. More details on these sections are provided below.
11.4.1 Events count for today
Screenshot 151 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Events Count For Today
This section graphically represents the daily event collection trend on a machine by machine basis as well as on a network by network basis. A color scheme is used to differentiate between Windows, W3C, Syslog and SNMP Traps events.
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11.4.2 Events count by log type
Screenshot 152 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Events count by log type
This section graphically represents the number of Windows, W3C, Syslog and SNMP
Traps events collected by GFI Events Manager from a particular machine or network.
11.4.3 Activity overview
Screenshot 153 - GFI EventsManager Statistics view: Activity Overview
This section shows:
The total number of Windows, W3C, Syslog and SNMP Traps events processed on a machine by machine basis
The date/time of the last event collection performed from every machine.
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12 Database Operations
12.1 Introduction
The Database Operations module in GFI EventsManager provides advanced functionality allowing administrators to:
Centralize events collected by other remote GFI EventsManager instances into one database backend.
Optimize GFI EventsManager performance by actively controlling database backend growth hence keeping it in good shape.
Import and export data to and from GFI EventsManager version 8.x installations without data inconsistencies.
Import and export events to and from a storage folder minimizing data loads from the database.
12.2 Why database maintenance?
Periodical database maintenance is essential in preventing excessive data growth in the database backend. A database which is large in size drastically affects the performance of GFI EventsManager; events browsing will be slower and queries will take longer to execute. There will also be a negative impact on GFI EventsManager
ReportPack performance, with reports taking longer to be generated.
Through GFI EventsManager a number of database operations, referred to as maintenance jobs, can be carried out on the database backend. These include:
Move to database - Use this operation to move events from the main database to the backup database or to another existing database.
Export to file - Use this operation to export events from the main database to a compressed binary file which can also be encrypted and backed to CD/DVD or tape for safekeeping.
Import from file - Use this operation to import events from GFI EventsManager export files into the main database backend.
Delete data - Use this operation to remove events from the main or backup database back-ends.
Filters that determine which events will be affected by the database operation can be applied for each operation.
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Consolidation of events for a WAN
Figure 9: Consolidation of events for a WAN
In the case of organizations with remote geographical sites, Database Operations can be used to consolidate all or part of the events data collected in remote sites on to one central database. This is achieved using the „Export to file‟ feature through which GFI EventsManager compresses and encrypts the file as well as export the file to be processed to a central l ocation. The „Import to file‟ job is executed at the central location, importing the events from the remote site into the central database.
Events for the remote site can then be viewed through the Events Browser. Reports with information relevant to the remote site can also be generated using data from the central database.
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12.3 Create maintenance jobs
With GFI EventsManager you can schedule maintenance jobs to be executed on a specific day, at a specific time and at specific intervals.
Screenshot 154 - Configuring Database Operations
Database maintenance operations may require high utilization of resources which can degrade server and GFI EventsManager performance. Thus, it is recommended that you schedule maintenance jobs to be executed after office hours. This allows you to maximize the availability of your system resources during working hours and avoid any possible disruptions to workflow.
To configure Database Operations:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, right-click on the Database Operations node and select
Properties.
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Screenshot 155 - Database Operations Options dialog: GFI EventsManager unique identifier
3. Specify the unique identifier by which this instance of GFI EventsManager will be identified on the network. This identifier is used as part of the export file-name during
„Export to file‟ operations.
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Screenshot 156 - Database Operations Options dialog: Scheduling options
4. Click Schedule tab to specify:
Hours of the day during which maintenance jobs can be executed
The interval in hours/days with which maintenance jobs will be executed
The scheduled date/time when maintenance jobs will start being executed.
To create a new maintenance job:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, right-click on the Database Operations node and select
Create new job…
3. Click Next button.
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Screenshot 157 - New job wizard: Job Type dialog
4. Select the type of maintenance job you want to create and click Next to proceed to the configuration dialog.
5. Specify the required parameters and click Next to proceed to the data filter configuration dialog.
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Screenshot 158 - Data filter dialog: Specifying data filter conditions
6. Specify which data will be filtered from your database backend. If no filter is specified, the selected maintenance job will affect all data within your database backend. Click Next to continue.
For more information on how to configure filter conditions, refer to
Configuring data filter conditions in this manual.
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Screenshot 159 - Specify when the job will be executed
7. Specify whether the selected maintenance job should be scheduled or executed immediately.
Scheduled jobs are executed according to interval settings configured in the
„Database Operations‟.
Selected maintenance jobs will be executed only once.
8. Click Finish to finalize your configuration settings.
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12.3.1 Move to database
To create a maintenance job that moves events between the main database and any other target database:
1. Launch the „New job wizard‟ dialog and select Move to database option.
Screenshot 160 - New job wizard: Move to database
2. Specify the database where events will be moved. This should either be the backup database or another accessible database on the SQL Server hosting the main database.
3. (Optional) Select Automatically rollover database to divide the data into multiple
databases within the same SQL server. Configure the options described in Table 12 below.
Table 12 - Move to database - Rollover options
Options
Create database when size exceeds:
Maximum number of databases:
Description
Specify a valid database size. When the source database exceeds the specific size, a new database will be created.
Specify the maximum number of databases that can be created. If the number of maximum databases is exceeded, all events will be stored in the last created database.
4. Configure a valid time period in Move events older than the specified period: All events older than the configured value will be moved to the destination database.
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5. (Optional) Select Move events when the database exceeds: and key in a valid size. Rollover will start when the source database reaches the configured size. If this option is not selected rollover will start when the source database reaches the size specified in Create database when size exceeds: in Step 3.
6. Click Next.
7. Configure the data filter conditions. If filtering conditions are not configured all events older than the specified period will be moved. Click Next to continue.
For more information on how to configure filter conditions, refer to
Configuring data filter conditions section in this manual.
8. Specify whether the maintenance job should be scheduled or executed immediately and click Finish.
12.3.2 Export to file
To export events from the main database to a binary file:
1. Launch the „New job wizard‟ and select the Export to file option.
Screenshot 161 - New job wizard: Export to file
2. Specify the target folder where the exported file will be stored. Use the UNC notation to specify remote paths.
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Ensure that GFI EventsManager has administrative privileges over the specified target folder.
3. Specify the frequency in hours/days at which events will be exported from the main database.
4. Click Next.
Screenshot 162 - New job wizard: Export to file using encryption
5. Define whether the exported events data will be encrypted, specify the password to be used for decryption and click Next to proceed to the data filter dialog.
It is recommended that files to be exported are always encrypted using strong passwords.
6. Configure the data filter conditions that will be applied for „Export to file‟ jobs. If you do not set any data filter conditions, than all events older than the specified period will be exported. Click Next to continue.
For more information on how to configure filter conditions, refer to
Configuring data filter conditions section in this manual.
7. Define whether the maintenance job should be scheduled or executed immediately.
8. Click on Finish to finalize your settings.
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Export filename
The convention used by GFI EventsManager to name the export file is shown and described below:
[ESM ID]_[Job ID]_[Date From]_[Date To].EXP
ESM ID - refers to the unique identifier given to each GFI EventsManager instance running in the organization.
Job ID - refers to the unique identifier given to each maintenance job created.
Date From - refers to the date of the earliest event exported.
Date To - refers to the date of the latest event exported.
.EXP - this is the file extension given to all export files.
The following is an example of an export filename:
SERVER01_0051_20061020_20061025.EXP
12.3.3 Import from file
To import events from a file or from the storage folder into the main database:
1. From the New job wizard dialog, select the Import from file option.
Screenshot 163 - New job wizard: Import from file
2. Specify from which folder to import the files. Select to import from:
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The main file backend. For more information on how to configure the storage folder, refer to .
Other folder.
Ensure that GFI EventsManager has administrative privileges over the specified folder.
When Other folder is selected, GFI EventsManager will import all files having a .EXP extension.
3. Click Next to proceed to the data protection dialog.
Screenshot 164 - New job wizard: Import from file decryption
4. Specify the password with which events data will be decrypted and click Next to proceed to the data filter dialog.
Use the same password used for the encryption of your events data.
Data encryption is not applicable when importing events from the storage folder.
5. Configure the data filters that will be applied against the imported file and click
Next to continue.
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Use data filters to define which events will be imported into the main database.
For more information on how to configure filter conditions, refer to
Configuring data filter conditions section in this manual.
6. Specify whether the maintenance job should be scheduled or executed immediately.
7. Click on Finish to finalize your settings.
GFI EventsManager will change the file extension of all successfully imported files from .EXP to .IMP.
12.3.4 Delete data
To remove events from the main database:
1. From the New job wizard dialog, select the Delete data option.
Important events should be backed up using Move to database or
Export to file before deleting logs.
Screenshot 165 - New job wizard: Delete data
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2. Specify whether events will be deleted from the Main database or from the Backup database.
3. Specify the frequency in hours/days at which events will be deleted from the main/backup database.
4. Click Next.
5. Configure the data filter conditions that will be applied for the „Delete data‟ job. If you do not set any data filter conditions, than all events older than the specified period will be deleted. Click Next to continue.
For more information on how to configure filter conditions, refer to
Configuring data filter conditions in this manual.
6. Specify whether the maintenance job should be scheduled or executed immediately.
7. Click Finish.
12.3.5 Configuring data filter conditions
Use data filter conditions to specify which events will be affected by the maintenance job. Only events which match the specified criteria will be processed, moved, exported, deleted or imported.
Filters can be created for all log types supported by GFI EventsManager.
Screenshot 166 - Data filter dialog
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To specify which events are affected by maintenance jobs, click Filter button in the data filter dialog. This dialog is available through the „New job wizard‟.
Example: Windows Event Log filter
Export events from the Windows Event Log with the following conditions:
Log type:Security
Event ID:540 - Successful logon
User: administrator
Event Type: Error.
Configure your filter parameters as shown in the „Edit filter‟ dialog shown below:
Screenshot 167 - Creating a filter for Windows events: Edit filter dialog
Click Ok to finalize filter configuration.
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Advanced conditions
Screenshot 168 - Advanced Filter settings
From the Edit filter dialog you can also set advanced filter conditions. Through this dialog you can also create and apply filters on all events data fields used by GFI
EventsManager.
Filters can also be applied on maintenance jobs after they have been
created. For more information refer to Edit existing maintenance jobs
section.
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12.4 Edit existing maintenance jobs
Screenshot 169 - Viewing scheduled maintenance jobs
To view maintenance jobs created:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, select the Database Operations node. Scheduled maintenance jobs will be displayed in the right pane.
Job activity status
Screenshot 170 - Job activity status
To view the progress of maintenance jobs that are being processed click Status tab and select the Job Activity dashboard view. The status of all maintenance jobs will be displayed in the Maintenance Jobs section.
You can make changes to maintenance job parameters for jobs scheduled.
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
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2. From the left pane, select the Database Operations node.
3. From the right pane, right-click maintenance job to edit and select Properties.
Screenshot 171 - Editing a maintenance job
4. Configure job properties and click OK to finalize your settings.
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Screenshot 172 - Example dialog to edit a scheduled job
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12.4.1 Changing maintenance job priority
Screenshot 173 - Maintenance job priorities
By default maintenance jobs are executed according to the sequence with which the jobs are created (First-in-First-out). Thus the priority of maintenance jobs is determined by the sequence in which jobs are executed.
To increase or decrease the priority of a maintenance job:
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, select the Database Operations node.
3. From the right pane, right-click the maintenance job and select Increase Priority or Decrease Priority accordingly.
12.4.2 Deleting a maintenance job
Scheduled maintenance jobs awaiting execution can also be deleted.
1. Click Configuration tab and select Options.
2. From the left pane, select the Database Operations node.
3. From the right pane, right-click on the maintenance job to delete and select
Delete.
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Before deleting maintenance jobs ensure that before deleting data, all data is backed up.
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13 Miscellaneous
13.1 Enabling permissions on target computers manually
This section describes how to configure permissions and ports that are required by
GFI EventsManager manually. This process has to be done on each machine to scan.
In a Windows 2003 or 2008 Active Directory environment, settings can be deployed automatically via Group Policy Object (GPO). For more
information refer to Setting permissions on target computers automatically via GPO .
13.1.1 Microsoft Windows XP
To enable permissions and open the required ports on Microsoft Windows XP target machines:
1. Click Start
► Control Panel ► Windows Firewall ► Exceptions tab.
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Screenshot 174
– Firewall rules on Microsoft Windows XP
2. Enable File and Printer Sharing from the Programs and Services list.
3. Click OK to apply changes and close.
13.1.2 Microsoft Windows Vista
Step 1: Enable Firewall permissions
To manually enable firewall rules on Microsoft Windows Vista:
1. Click Start
► Control Panel ► Security and click Allow a program through
Windows Firewall from the left panel.
2. Select Exceptions tab and from Allowed programs and features list, enable the following rules:
Remote Event Log Management
File and Printer Sharing
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Network Discovery
3. Click Apply to apply changes.
Step 2: Enable additional auditing features
1. From a command prompt key in secpol.msc and press Enter.
2. From the Security Settings node, expand Local Policies
► Audit Policy.
Screenshot 175 - Local security policy window
3. From the right panel, double click Audit object access.
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Screenshot 176
– Audit object access Properties
4. From the Audit object access Properties, select Success and Failure and click
OK.
5. From the right panel, double click Audit Process tracking.
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Screenshot 177
– Audit process tracking Properties
6. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
7. From the right panel, double click Audit account management.
8. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
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Screenshot 178
– Audit account management properties
9. From the right panel, double click Audit system events.
10. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
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Screenshot 179
– Audit system events properties
11. Close the Local Security Policy window.
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13.1.3 Microsoft Windows 7
Step 1: Enable Firewall permissions
To manually enable firewall rules on Microsoft Windows 7:
1. Click Start
► Control Panel ► System and Security and click Allow a program
through Windows Firewall, under Windows Firewall category.
Screenshot 180
– Allowed programs in Microsoft Windows Vista or later
2. From Allowed programs and features list, enable the following rules:
Remote Event Log Management
File and Printer Sharing
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Network Discovery
3. Select Domain, Private and Public for each rule mentioned above.
4. Click OK to apply changes.
Step 2: Enable additional auditing features
1. From command prompt key in secpol.msc and press Enter.
2. From the Security Settings node, expand Local Policies
► Audit Policy.
Screenshot 181 - Local security policy window
3. From the right panel, double click Audit object access.
4. From the Audit object access Properties, select Success and Failure and click
OK.
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Screenshot 182
– Audit object access Properties
5. From the right pane, double click Audit Process tracking.
6. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
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Screenshot 183
– Audit process tracking Properties
7. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
8. From the right panel, double click Audit account management.
9. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
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Screenshot 184
– Audit account management properties
10. From the right panel, double click Audit system events.
11. From the Audit process tracking Properties, select Success and Failure and click OK.
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Screenshot 185
– Audit system events properties
12. Close the local Security Policy window.
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13.1.4 Microsoft Windows Server 2003
Enable Firewall permissions
To manually enable firewall rules on Microsoft Windows Server 2003:
1. Click Start
► Control Panel ► Windows Firewall and select Exceptions tab.
Screenshot 186
– Enable firewall rules in Microsoft Windows Server 2003
2. From Programs and Services list, enable File and Printer Sharing.
3. Click OK to apply changes and close.
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13.1.5 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (including R2)
Enable firewall permissions
To manually enable firewall rules on Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (including R2):
1. Click Start
► Control Panel ► Security and Allow a program through
Windows Firewall under Windows Firewall category.
2. In the list of programs, enable the following:
File and Printer Sharing
Network Discovery
Remote Event Log Management
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Screenshot 187
– Firewall rules on Microsoft Windows Server 2008
In Windows Server 2008 R2, ensure to select Domain, Private and Public for each rule mentioned above.
3. Click OK to apply changes.
13.2 Setting permissions on target computers automatically via
GPO
13.2.1 Windows Server 2003
To open ports and enable permissions on all domain clients using Microsoft Windows
Server 2003 domain controller:
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1. Click Start
► Run, key-in mmc and click OK.
2. Click File
► Add/Remove Snap-in and click Add.
3. Locate and select Group Policy Object Editor and click Add.
4. Click Browse, select Default Domain Policy and click OK.
5. Click Finish.
6. Select Group Policy Object Editor again and click Add.
7. Click Browse, double click Domain Controllers folder and select Default Domain
Controllers Policy. Click OK.
8. Click Finish and Close.
9. From the Console Root, expand
Default Domain Policy ► Administrative
Templates ► Network ► Network Connections ► Windows Firewall ► Domain
Profile.
Screenshot 188
– Domain Policy console in Microsoft Windows Server 2003
10. From the Settings list, right click Windows Firewall: Allow file and printer
sharing exception and select Properties.
11. From the Settings tab, select Enabled and click OK.
12. Repeat steps 9 to 11 for Default Domain Controllers Policy.
13. Click File
► Save to save the management console.
The group policy will be applied the next time each client machine is started.
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13.2.2 Windows Server 2008 (including R2)
Firewall permissions
To enable permissions on all domain clients:
1. Click Start
► Administrative Tools ► Group Policy Management.
2. Expand Group Policy Management
► Forest ► Domains ► <Domain name>
► Group Policy Objects.
Screenshot 189
– Group Policy Management in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2
3. Right click Default Domain Policy and select Edit.
4. Expand Computer Configuration
► Policies ► Windows Settings ► Security
Settings ► Windows Firewall with Advanced Security, right click Inbound Rules and select
New Rule…
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Screenshot 190
– Group Policy Management Editor
5. In the New Inbound Rule Wizard, select Predefined and select File and Printer
Sharing.
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Screenshot 191
– Predefined rules
6. Click Next.
7. Select all rules and click Next.
8. Select Allow the connection and click Finish
9. Repeat steps 5 to 8 for each of the following rules:
Remote Event Log Management
Network discovery
10. From Group Policy Management Editor, expand Computer Configuration
►
Policies ► Windows Settings ► Security Settings ► Windows Firewall with
Advanced Security, right click Outbound Rules and select
New Rule…
11. Repeat Steps 5 to 9 while at step 9 enable only Network Discovery.
12. Close Group Policy Management Editor.
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13. From Group Policy Management, expand Group Policy Management
► Forest
► Domains ► <Domain name> ► Default Domain Controllers Policy.
14. Repeat steps 4 to 13.
15. Close Group Policy Management.
NOTE: The group policy will be applied the next time each client machine is started.
13.3 Disable UAC to scan target machines
When GFI EventsManager is configured to collect events using a local account target machines must have User Account Control (UAC) disabled. To disable UAC on
Microsoft Windows Vista machines or later:
1. Click Start
► Run, key-in secpol.msc and press Enter.
2. From the Security Settings, expand Local Policies and click Security Options.
3. Right click User Account Control: Run all administrators in Admin Approval
Mode and select Properties.
Screenshot 192
– Predefined rules
4. From the Local Security Settings tab, select Enabled and click OK.
5. Close the Local Security Policy window.
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13.4 Command line operations
GFI EventsManager provides you with three command line tools through which you can perform data export and import functions. These three tools are:
Exportdata.exe: Exports data from an ESM 8 database using database operations engine
Importdata.exe: Imports data into an EMS 8 database using database operations engine
Importsettings.exe: Imports configuration from a data folder or from a configuration export file (.esmbkp) and is used mostly from installer when preserving configuration
ExportSettings.exe: Exports configuration settings from GFI EventsManager installation to a configuration file.
ExportRules.exe: Creates an HTML document that contains details on the processing rules configured in a GFI EventsManager installation.
13.4.1 Exportdata.exe
Use this tool to export data from the GFI EventsManager database to binary file.
Usage:
exportdata.exe <parameters list>
Parameter
/folder: <path & foldername>
/period: <number of hours>
/password: <file password>
/delete
/movetodb:<database name>
Mandatory/
Optional
Mandatory
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Description
Defines folder where the data file will be stored.
IMPORTANT: The folder must be created before executing the command.
Exports events older than the number of hours: Default = 7 days
Sets an encryption password
Deletes the events after export
Moves the events to another database on the same server. If no name is specified, the backup database will be used
Any parameter that contains spa ces must be enclosed in double quotes (“).
Example:
Exportdata.exe /folder:c:\exportfiles /period:240 /password:aip112sK
Where data is exported with the following details:
A folder called exportfiles, located at c:\
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Data older than 10 days (240hours)
Encrypt using password aip112sK
13.4.2 Importdata.exe
Use this tool to import data in binary files to the GFI EventsManager database.
Usage:
importdata.exe <parameters list>
Parameter Mandatory/
Optional
Mandatory
Description
/folder:<path & foldername>
/password:<file password>
/dbserver:<databaseserver location >
/dbname:<database name>
/dbuser:<username>
/dbpass:<password>
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Defines the folder where the data file is stored.
Defines the password that will be used to decode files; if not specified, no password will be used
Defines the database server where the destination database lies. If not specified, the database details specified in GFI EventsManager will be used.
Defines the destination database name.
If not specified, the database name specified in GFI EventsManager will be used.
Defines the user name used to connect to database. If not specified, Windows authentication will be used.
Defines the password used to connect to destination server/database. If none is specified, password is ignored.
Any parameter that contains spaces must be enclosed within double quotes
(“).
Example:
importdata.exe /folder:c:\exportfiles /password:aip112sK /dbserver:192.168.3.55
/dbname:mainesmdb /dbuser:sa /dbpass:sapwd
Where data is imported with the following details:
From folder called exportfiles, located at c:\
Decrypted using password aip112sK
Saved to database on server with I.P. address 192.168.3.55, with database name: mainesmdb and with the following login credentials: username: sa and password sapwd.
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13.4.3 ImportSettings.exe
Use this tool to import GFI EventsManager configurations previously exported.
Usage:
importsettings.exe <parameters list>
Parameter Mandatory
/Optional
Mandatory
Description
/operation:<operation>
/destination:<destination path>
/sourceFile:<filename>
/sourceFolder:<folder name/path>
Optional
Optional
Optional
Defines the operation to perform, either importfolder or import file
Defines the destination folder where the configuration will be imported
Defines the name of the file that contains the exported GFI EventsManager configuration.
Defines the name of the folder that contains the exported GFI EventsManager configuration.
Any parameter that contains spaces must be enclosed in double quotes (“).
Example:
importsettings.exe /operation:importfolder: /destination: c:\esm\data /sourcefolder: c:\esm\old
Where data is imported with the following details:
Operation is importfolder to c:\esm\data from folder c:\esm\old
13.4.4 ExportSettings.exe
Use this tool to export the GFI EventsManager configuration.
Usage:
exportsettings.exe <parameters list>
Parameter Mandatory
/Optional
Mandatory
Description
/destination:<filename>
/folder:<folder> Optional
Defines the file where the configuration will be exported
To export from an alternative folder.
Any parameter that contains spaces must be enclosed i n double quotes (“).
Example:
exportsettings.exe /d estination:”c:\export”
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Where data is exported with the following details:
Export file located in C:\export.esmbkp
13.4.5 ExportRules.exe
Use this tool to create an HTML document containing all processing rules.
Usage:
ExportRules.exe
The HTML document is exported to:
<GFI EventsManager home Directory> \ Configuration Reports \ Reports <current date>
Example:
C:\Program Files\GFI\EventsManager 8\Configuration reports\Reports 2010-02-23\
Select a computer from the HTML document to display all processing rules related to the computer selected.
Select a processing rule from the HTML document to display the conditions that apply to the rule selected.
For more information, refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003785 .
13.4.6 Customizing unique identifiers
GFI EventsManager enables you to customize the unique identifiers of the GFI
EventsManager installation. This enables you to import the same configuration into separate without incurring duplicate GFI EventsManager instance IDs.
To configure new GFI EventsManager unique identifiers add the following option to command line options of importdata.exe
Parameter Description
/id:<new_id>
Mandatory/
Optional
Optional Defines the new ESM instance id set after importing the configuration. Use this parameter on only if you only want to change the ESM instance id; if no value is specified the existing ESM instance id will be preserved.
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13.5 Product licensing
For information on GFI EventsManager licensing refer to: http://www.gfi.com/page/13789/products/gfieventsmanager/pricing/licensing/licensing
13.5.1 View license details
To check your licensing details:
1. Click General tab.
2. From the left pane, click Licensing option. Licensing details will be displayed in the right pane of the management console.
3. To view license distribution details click on Show Details. This will show the number of event sources configured and respective license type (i.e. Workstation or
Server).
13.5.2 Update license key
To enter your license key after installation:
1. Click General tab.
2. From the left pane, right-click Licensing option and select
Edit license key….
Screenshot 193 - Update license key
3. Specify your license key details.
4. Click OK to finalize your settings.
13.5.3 Update license type
To change the type of license allocated to a specific event source:
1. Launch the (computer/computer group) properties dialog and click the Licensing
Type tab.
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2. By default event sources inherit their licensing type from parent group (i.e. use the license type configured in parent group properties). To change license type select the
Server License or Workstation option accordingly.
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13.6 Version information
To check your version information details:
1. Click General tab.
2. Click the Version Information option. The version information details will be displayed in the right pane.
Screenshot 194 - Version Information screen
13.6.1 Checking for newer builds
To check for newer builds of GFI EventsManager:
1. Click General tab.
2. From the left pane, right-click Version Information option and select Check for
newer builds….
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14 Troubleshooting
14.1 Introduction
The troubleshooting chapter explains how you should go about resolving any software issues that you might encounter. The main sources of information available to users are:
The manual - most issues can be solved by reading this manual
GFI Knowledge Base articles
Web forum
Contacting the GFI Technical Support
14.2 Common issues
Issue
Error message: Not connected to the database or connection was lost.
Error message: Primary
Filegroup Full.
Description and solution
Description
This error is encountered when GFI EventsManager is unable to connect with the SQL database or the database connection was interrupted.
Solution
The following links contain information on how this issue can be solved.
How do I debug „Failed to connect to database‟? http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002855
How do I configure SQL Server 2005/2008 to accept SQL
Authentication? http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002804
How do I configure SQL Server 2000 to accept SQL Authentication? http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002805
Enabling TCP/IP on Microsoft SQL Server 2005 http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002920
How to create a new database in Microsoft SQL Server http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003379
Description
This error is encountered when GFI EventsManager database backend has a maximum file size limitation and is unable to store any further data.
Solution
Configure the database backend to allow larger file size. This can be done on both Microsoft SQL Server and Microsoft SQL Server
Express edition. For more information on how to change the maximum file size, refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003670
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Issue
Error message: Could not complete cursor operation because the table schema changed after the cursor was declared‟
Error message 1:
Error connecting to machine
MACHINENAME, Error
0x35, Message: The network path was not found.
Error message 2:
Error connecting to machine
MACHINENAME, Error
0x52E, Message: Logon failure: unknown user name or bad password.
Error message 3:
Critical error encountered: A networkrelated or instancespecific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL
Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL
Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider:
Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to
SQL Server)
Error message 4:
Unexpected error when connecting to machine
MACHINENAME; remote
W3C logs path is:
PATH\*.*
Description and solution
Description
This error is encountered when the administrator is performing maintenance tasks on the GFI EventsManager databases while the
GFI EventsManager service is running.
Solution
1. Stop GFI EventsManager service
2. Perform the maintenance tasks in Microsoft SQL server
3. Restart GFI EventsManager Service once the Microsoft SQL maintenance tasks are finished.
To avoid this, ensure that GFI EventsManager service is stopped whilst performing any maintenance tasks on the GFI EventsManager database.
For more information refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003011
Description
These errors are encountered when GFI EventsManager tries to collect events from a machine that is not accessible over the network or the credentials are invalid.
Possible solution 1
1. Check that the credentials are correct
2. Check that the machine name or IP address are correct
3. Try to collect events
Possible solution 2
When using a personal firewall, check that the required firewall ports are configured to allow traffic.
For more information refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002770
When using Windows firewall, check that all the required firewall permissions are enabled.
For more information refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003688
Possible solution 3
Ensure that GFI EventsManager is installed on a supported environment. For more information on where GFI EventsManager can be installed, refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002842
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Issue
No event logs are being collected by GFI
EventsManager.
Error message 1:
A timeout was reached
(60000 milliseconds) while waiting for the GFI
EventsManager service to connect.
Error message 2:
Error 1053: The service did not respond to the start or control request in a timely fashion.
Error message:
The maintenance job failed!
Description and solution
Description
This issue can be caused by various factors and is dependent on the environment where GFI EventsManager is installed. For a checklist on how to resolve this issue, refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002819
Description
The GFI EventsManager executables are digitally signed by default.
When trying to start the service, the application must download the
Certificate Revocation List to authenticate. If the download fails due to network connectivity or security reasons the service will fail to start by timing out.
Possible solution 1
Increase the default service timeout settings as described in the following Microsoft knowledgebase article http://support.microsoft.com/kb/941990
Possible solution 2
Disable Certificate revocation list (CRL).
1. Download Microsoft Setreg application from http://ftp.gfisoftware.com/support/setreg.zip
2. Login to the GFI EventsManager server using the GFI
EventsManager service user.
3. Open command prompt
4. Change the directory to the directory storing setreg.exe
5. Run the following command: setreg.exe 3 FALSE
Note: The setting above can be reverted by running the following command: setreg.exe 3 TRUE
For more information refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID003365
Description
GFI EventsManager uses an ASP.Net Library called GZipStream to compress and export data from the GFI EventsManager databases.
GZipStream is unable to compress data larger than 4GB. GFI
EventsManager will return this error when trying to export data which is larger than 4GB.
Solution
In order to export the data required, use the GFI EventsManager
Advanced Filters to reduce the number of Events exported.
Therefore eventually reducing the size of the data which is being
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Issue
Error message:
Event Log Records could
NOT be retrieved: The
RPC server is unavailable
GFI EventsManager reports an error number
1069.
When collecting and processing events the
CPU consumption stays constant and higher than
70%.
Description and solution
Description
This error may occur if:
The remote computer may be shut down.
There may be a network hardware problem.
There may be no common transports.
The remote computer does not exist.
A DNS entry does not exist for the remote computer in the DNS server (Try pinging the remote machine from another computer by using its host name and not its IP).
Investigate each possible problem and make the necessary changes. Then try to collect events from target computers.
For more information, refer to http://kbase.gfi.com/showarticle.asp?id=KBID002820
Description
When installed, GFI EventsMananger asks for a valid username and password. This error is encountered when an invalid password is submitted in the installation wizard.
Solution
1.Click Start
► Run, key-in services.msc and click Ok. This will launch Services window.
2. Double Click GFI EventsManager service.
3. Select the Log On tab.
4. Ensure that the This account radio box is selected.
5. Key-in a valid password for the specified User account.
6. Press OK to close the Properties window.
7. Close Services window.
Description
This may occur when scanning multiple domain controllers. Since domain controllers generate a large number of events and GFI
EventsManager by default is configured to use a high performance level, GFI EventsManager may use a lot of CPU resources.
Solution
Configure GFI EventsManager to use a low performance level. To configure performance level:
1. Select Configuration tab.
2. From the left panel, right click Performance Options and select
Edit Performance options.
3. From the Performance Options dialog, select Enable GFI
EventsManager service performance and select the required level.
4. Click OK.
Changing the performance level reduces CPU load but affect GFI
EventsManager log events processing speed.
Low performance - GFI EventsManager will Approximately process
50 events per second for each event source.
High performance - GFI EventsManager will Approximately process from 1000 to 2000 events per second for event source.
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Troubleshooting GFI EventsManager manual
14.3 Knowledge Base
GFI maintains a Knowledge Base, which includes answers to the most common problems. If you have a problem, please consult the Knowledge Base first. The
Knowledge Base always has the most up-to-date listing of technical support questions and patches. To access the Knowledge Base, visit http://kbase.gfi.com/ .
14.4 Web Forum
User to user technical support is available via the web forum. The forum can be found at: http://forums.gfi.com/ .
14.5 Request technical support
If you have referred to this manual and our Knowledge Base articles, and you still cannot solve issues with the software, contact the GFI Technical Support team by filling in an online support request form or by phone.
Online: Fill out the support request form on: http://support.gfi.com/supportrequestform.asp
. Follow the instructions on this page closely to submit your support request.
Phone: To obtain the correct technical support phone number for your region please visit: http://www.gfi.com/company/contact.htm
.
NOTE: Before you contact our Technical Support team, please have your Customer
ID available. Your Customer ID is the online account number that is assigned to you when you first register your license keys in our Customer Area at: http://customers.gfi.com
.
We will answer your query within 24 hours or less, depending on your time zone.
14.6 Build notifications
We strongly suggest that you subscribe to our build notifications list. This way, you will be immediately notified about new product builds. To subscribe to our build notifications, visit: http://www.gfi.com/pages/productmailing.htm
.
GFI EventsManager manual Troubleshooting
229
15 Glossary
Table 13 below describes all common terms used in this manual.
Table 13 - Terms used in this manual
Term
Audit process tracking
Actions
Alerts
Archive
Audit account management
Audit system events
COM+ Network
Access
Email alerts
Event classification
Event logs
Event processing rules
Definition
Generates events which track actions such as programs which are launched, closed, as well as other indirect object access information which contain important security information. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc775520(WS.10).aspx
The activity that will be carried out as a result to events matching specific conditions. For example you can trigger actions whenever an event is classified as critical. Actions supported by GFI EventsManager include Email alerts, event archiving and execution of scripts.
Notifications which inform recipients that a particular event has occurred.
GFI EventsManager can generate Email alerts, SMS alerts and Network alerts.
A collection of events stored in the SQL Server based database backed of GFI EventsManager.
Generates events when account management operations are done such as create/delete a user account or group, enable/disable a user account and set/change a user password. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc737542(WS.10).aspx
Generates events when important system events happen such as user restarts or shuts down the target computer or when an event occurs that affects the security log. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc782518(WS.10).aspx
Enable this firewall permission to allow client machines to access applications or services that resides on the server. This allows GFI
EventsManager to access resource from all servers. For more information about this permission, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc731967.aspx
Email notifications which inform recipients that a particular event has occurred. To enable email alerts, you must have access to an active mail server.
The categorization of events as Critical, High Medium, Low or Noise.
A collection of entries which describe events that occurred on the network or on a computer system. GFI EventsManager supports different types of event logs including: Windows Event Log, W3C Logs,
Syslog, SNMP Traps and SQL Server audit events.
A set of instructions which are applied against an event log.
GFI EventsManager manual Glossary
231
Term
File and Printer sharing
Internet Protocol
Security
IPsec
Management
Information Base
Network alerts
Network discovery
Noise
Object auditing
Object auditing
Remote Event Log
Management
Rule-set folder
Rule-sets
SMS alerts
Definition
Enable this firewall permission to allow GFI EventsManager to access events definitions on target machines. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc779133(WS.10).aspx
A framework of open standards used to encrypt and authenticate network packets during a communication session between computers.
Using cryptography services, IPsec ensures data integrity, authentication and confidentiality.
See Internet Protocol Security
A MIB is the equivalent of a data dictionary or codebook. It associates object identifiers (OIDs) with a readable label and various other parameters related to an active network object such as a router. Its main function is to assemble and interpret SNMP messages transmitted from
SNMP-enabled network devices. The information stored in MIBs is organized hierarchically and is normally accessible using a protocol such as SNMP.
Network messages (known as Netsend messages) which inform recipients that a particular event has occurred. These messages are sent through an instant messenger system/protocol and are shown as a popup in the system tray of the recipient‟s desktop. To setup network alerts, you must specify the name or IP of the computers where the
Netsend messages will be sent.
Enable this firewall permission to allow GFI EventsManager to gather information about connected machines on the network that can be scanned. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/cc181373.aspx
Repeated log entries which report the same event.
Enable this auditing feature to audit events of users accessing objects
(example, files, folder and printer).
For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc976403.aspx
Enable this auditing feature to audit tracking information (example, program activation, process exit and indirect object access). For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/cc775520(WS.10).aspx
Required to allow GFI EventsManager to access and collect events from remote machines. For more information, refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766438.aspx
The folder which contains one or more rule-sets.
A collection of event processing rules.
SMS notifications which inform recipients that a particular event has occurred. In GFI EventsManager, SMS alerts can be sent through various sources including mobile phones with modem capabilities and email-to-SMS web-based gateways.
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Glossary GFI EventsManager manual
Term
SNMP Object
Identifier (OID)
SNMP Traps
Definition
An SNMP object identifier is an address made up of a sequence of
„dotted‟ numbers (e.g. 1.3.6.1.4.1.2682.1). These numbers uniquely identify and locate a specific device (e.g. hub) within the entire network.
SNMP OIDs are a key component in the assembly of SNMP messages.
In fact, an SNMP server cannot interpret or assemble messages which don‟t have an OID. Individual vendors often create their own MIBs that only include the OIDs associated specifically with their device.
Notifications/alerts generated and transmitted by active network components (e.g. hubs, routers and bridges) to SNMP server(s) whenever important events such as faults or security violations occur.
Data contained in SNMP Traps may contain configuration, status as well as statistical information such as number of device failures to date.
Syslog messages
Unclassified events
Notifications/alerts most commonly generated and transmitted to a
Syslog server by UNIX and Linux-based systems whenever important events occur. Syslog messages can be generated by workstations, servers as well as active network devices and appliances such as Cisco routers and Cisco PIX firewalls to record failures and security violations amongst other activities.
Events that did not satisfy any of the event processing conditions configured in the event processing rules.
W3C logs W3C is a common log format developed by the World Wide Web
Consortium. W3C logs are text-based flat files used mainly by web servers including Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) to record web related events such as web logs.
Windows Event Logs A collection of entries which describe events that occurred on a computer system running Windows OS.
GFI EventsManager manual Glossary
233
Index
A
Archiving events 105
B
Backup events 51
D
Daily Digest 1, 55, 56
Database Backend 1, 3, 8, 16, 25, 26,
51, 78, 106, 167, 175, 181, 225
Database Operations 6, 172, 175,
176, 177, 178, 179, 192, 195, 218
Default alerting settings 141
Demilitarized Zone 12, 13
DNS server 14, 21, 91
E
Email Alerts 87, 137, 140, 142, 231
Event classification 5, 88, 106, 139
Event color-coding 4, 39, 45
Event finder tool 1, 6, 48
Event processing rules 1, 4, 5, 8, 73,
79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 108, 109, 111,
112, 114, 117, 121, 123, 126, 137,
231, 233
Event query 4, 5, 41
Event query builder 4, 5
Events Browser 1, 9, 37, 38, 40, 43,
46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 130,
166, 176
EventsManagerAdministrator 140,
147, 148
Export events to CSV 48
G
GFI EndPointSecurity 84, 85, 86
GFI LANguard 82, 83, 84, 167
GFI EventsManager manual
I
Installation wizard 17
L
License type 61, 222, 223
Licensing 10, 18, 222
Logon credentials 62, 70, 71, 79
M
Management Information Base 6, 99
N
Network alerts 8, 143, 231, 232
Noise Reduction 5
O
Operational time 62, 72, 79, 116, 120,
123, 125, 128
P
Performance Options 228
Q
Quick Start Dialog 25, 29, 30, 33
R
Rule-set 87, 88, 108, 109, 111, 112,
113, 114, 121, 126, 232
S
SMS alerts 144, 232
SNMP traps 3, 15, 24, 40, 63, 67, 75,
99, 100, 101, 102, 111, 124, 165,
173, 174, 233
SQL Server audit 6, 24, 37, 76, 87,
126
Storage Folder 9, 92, 95, 97, 106,
186, 187
Syslog messages 8, 14, 23, 55, 95,
96, 97, 98, 121, 233
Syslog server 14, 23, 95, 96, 97, 98,
233
Index
235
V
version information 224
W
W3C logs 4, 21, 22, 63, 75, 93, 117,
118, 226, 233
WAN Connector 6
Windows 7 14, 17, 204
Windows Event Logs 4, 5, 21, 87, 93,
108, 111, 114
Windows Vista 14, 17, 38, 170, 198,
217
236
Index GFI EventsManager manual
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