ACST12
Overvoltage protected AC switch
Features
■
■
■
Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology
Low I
GT
(<10 mA) or high immunity
(I
GT
<35 mA) version
High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs
Benefits
■
■
■
■
■
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
High off-state reliability with planar technology
Need no external over voltage protection
Reduces the power passive component count
High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards
Applications
■
■
AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems
Drive of medium power AC loads such as:
– Universal motor of washing machine drum
– Compressor for fridge or air conditioner
Description
The ACST12 series belongs to the ACS™/ACST power switch family built with A.S.D.
®
(application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems and drives loads up to 12 A.
This ACST12 switch embeds a Triac structure and a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standard. The ACST1210-7 needs a low gate current to be activated (I
GT
< 10 mA) and still provides a high electrical noise immunity complying with the IEC 61000-4-4 standard. The
ACST1235-7 offers an extremely high static dV/dt immunity of 2 kV/µs minimum.
OUT
G
OUT
COM
TO-220AB
ACST1210-7T
ACST1235-7T
G
COM
Table 1.
Symbol
Device summary
Value
I
T(RMS)
V
DRM
/V
RRM
I
GT
12
700
10 or 35
OUT
COM
D
2
PAK
ACST1210-7G
ACST1235-7G
G
Figure 1.
Functional diagram
OUT
Unit
A
V mA
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
December 2010 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 1/13
www.st.com
13
Characteristics
1 Characteristics
ACST12
Table 2.
Symbol
Absolute ratings (limiting values)
Parameter Value Unit
I
T(RMS)
On-state rms current full sine wave
TO-220AB
D
2
PAK
D
2
PAK with 1cm
2
of Cu
T
T c
= 104 °C amb
°C
= 47
12
2
A
I
TSM
I
2 t I
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
T j
2
initial = 25 °C,( full cycle sine wave) t for fuse selection
F = 60 Hz
F = 50 Hz t p
= 16.7 ms t p
= 20.0 ms t p
= 10 ms dI/dt
V
PP
P
G(AV)
P
GM
I
GM
T stg
T j
T l
Critical rate of rise on-state current
I
G
= 2 x I
GT,
(t r
≤ 100 ns)
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage
(1)
Average gate power dissipation
Peak gate power dissipation (t
Peak gate current (t p
= 20 µs)
Storage temperature range p
= 20 µs)
Operating junction temperature range
F = 120 Hz T
T j j
= 125 °C
= 125 °C
T j
= 125 °C
T j
= 125 °C
T j
= 125 °C maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case)
1.
According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and
Figure 19
126
120
95
100
2
0.1
10
1.6
A
A
2 s
- 40 to + 150 °C
- 40 to + 125 °C
260
A
A/µs kV
W
W
A
°C
Table 3.
Electrical characteristics
Value Unit
Symbol Test conditions Quadrant T j
ACST1210-7 ACST1235-7 Unit
I
GT
(1)
V
GT
V
GD
I
H
(2)
I
L dV/dt
(2)
V
OUT
= 12 V, R
L
= 33
Ω
V
OUT
= 12 V, R
L
= 33
Ω
V
OUT
= V
DRM,
R
L
= 3.3
Ω
I - II - III
I - II - III
I - II - III
I
OUT
= 500 mA
I
G
= 1.2 x I
GT
V
OUT
= 67% V
DRM
, gate open
I - II - III
(dI/dt)c (2)
(dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs
Without snubber
V
CL
I
CL
= 0.1 mA, t p
= 1 ms
1.
Minimum I
GT
is guaranteed at 5% of I
GT
max
2.
For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
25 °C MAX.
25 °C MAX.
125 °C MIN.
25 °C MAX.
25 °C MAX.
125 °C MIN.
125 °C
25 °C
MIN.
MIN.
MIN.
10
30
50
200
5.3
1.0
0.2
850
35
50
70
2000
14 mA
V
V mA mA
V/µs
A/ms
V
2/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12 Characteristics
Table 4.
Static characteristics
Symbol
V
TM
(1)
V
T0
(1)
R d
(1)
I
OUT
= 17 A, t p
= 500 µs
Threshold voltage
Dynamic resistance
I
DRM
I
RRM
V
OUT
= V
DRM
/ V
RRM
Test conditions
1.
For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
Table 5.
Symbol
Thermal characteristics
Parameter
T j
= 25 °C
T j
= 125 °C
T j
= 125 °C
T j
= 25 °C
T j
= 125 °C
MAX.
MAX.
MAX.
MAX.
Value
1.5
0.9
30
20
1.5
R th(j-c)
Junction to case (AC)
R th(j-a)
Junction to ambient
TO-220AB
D
2
PAK
TO-220AB
D
2
PAK with 1 cm
2
of Cu
Value
1.5
60
45
Figure 2.
Maximum power dissipation versus on-state rms current (full cycle)
Figure 3.
On-state rms current versus case temperature (full cycle)
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
3
2
5
4
1
0
0
P(W)
α=180 °
1 2 3 4 5
I
T(RMS)
(A)
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
I
T(RMS)
(A)
25 50 75 100 125
Figure 4.
On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection full cycle)
3.0
IT(RMS)(A)
D 2 PAK
With 1cm 2 of cu
2.5
Figure 5.
Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration
1.0E+00
K=[Zth/Rth]
Z th(j-c)
Zth(j-a)
2.0
TO-220AB
1.5
1.0E-01
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 25
Tamb(°C)
50 75 100 125 tp(s)
1.0E-02
1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03
Unit
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
Unit
V
V m
Ω
µA mA
Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 3/13
Characteristics ACST12
Figure 6.
1000
I
TM
(A)
100
10
On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
Figure 7.
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles
(T j
initial = 25 °C)
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
I
TSM
(A)
Repetitive
T
C
=104 °C
1
Non repetitive
T j initial=25 °C
10
Number of cycles
100
t=20ms
One cycle
1000
1
0
T j
=125 °C
1
T j
=25 °C
2
V
TM
(V)
3 4
T j
V to
R d max :
= 0.90 V
= 30 m
Ω
5
Figure 8.
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I
2 t
10000
I
TSM
(A), I t (A s)
dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs
T j initial=25 °C
Figure 9.
Relative variation of gate triggering current and gate voltage versus junction temperature (typical value)
3.0
I , V [T ] / I , V [T = 25 °C]
GT GT j GT GT j
2.5
I
GT
Q3
1000
I
TSM
2.0
I
GT
Q1-Q2
100
1.5
I²t
1.0
V
GT
Q1-Q2-Q3
10
0.5
1
0.01
0.10
1.00
t
P
(ms)
10.00
0.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Tj(°C)
125
Figure 10.
Relative variation of holding current (I
H
) and latching current (I
L versus junction temperature
)
Figure 11.
Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus (dV/dt)c
2.5
I ,I [T ]/I , I [T = 25 °C]
H L j H L j
1.6
(di/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified(di/dt)c
1.4
2.0
1.2
ACST12-7Cxx
1.0
1.5
Typical values
0.8
1.0
ACST12
-7Sxx
I
L
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75
I
H
T j
(°C)
100 125
0.2
0.0
0.1
1 10
(dV/dt)c (V/µs)
100
4/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12 Characteristics
Figure 12.
Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature
3
2
1
0
25
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
(dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C]
50 75
Tj(°C)
100 125
Figure 13.
Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature
8
7
6
5
2
1
4
3
12
11
10
9 dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125°C]
0
25 50 75 100
V
D
=V
R
=469 V
Tj(°C)
125
Figure 14.
Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, V
CL
versus junction temperature
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.85
-50 -25 0 25
Minimum values
50 75 100 125
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
Figure 15.
Variation of thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab
80
R th(j-a)
(°C/W)
70
Epoxy printed circuit board
FR4, copper thickness = 35 µm
D²PAK
60
5 10 15 20
Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 5/13
Application information ACST12
2.1 Typical application description
The ACST12 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the
ACST12 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 12 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST1210-7 can be driven directly by a MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown in
Figure 16
.
Figure 16.
Compressor control – typical diagrams
Compressor Compressor
AC Mains
AC Mains
PTC
ACST
1
Electronic starter logical circuitry
Run switch
ACST
PTC
ACST
Start switch
Power supply
ACST
Electronic thermostat
Rg
Gate
Driver
Compressor with integrated e-starter
Rg
Power supply
Gate
Driver
Compressor with external electronic drive
Rg
6/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12
Figure 17.
Universal drum motor control – typical diagram
Application information
Universal motor
Stator Rotor
AC Mains
12V
Speed motor regulation
ACST
Vcc
MCU
Motor direction setting
MCU
Rg
2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness
In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST12 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V
CL
. The ACST12 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as the inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp-up.
The test circuit of
Figure 18
represents the ACST12 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST12 folds back safely to the on state as shown in
Figure 19
. The
ACST12 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero crossing current. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 7/13
Application information ACST12
Figure 18.
Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for
IEC 61000-4-5 standards
R =
20
Ω
, L =
2
µH, Vsurge = 2 kV
Surge generator
2kV surge
Rgene
Filtering unit
Model of the load
R
L
ACST12
AC Mains
Rg
Figure 19.
Typical voltage and current waveforms across the ACST12 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
V peak = V CL
1.2/50 µs voltage surge
V
0
8/20 µs current surge
I
0
8/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12
3 Ordering information scheme
Figure 20.
Ordering information scheme
Ordering information scheme
ACS T 12 10 - 7 G TR
AC switch
Topology
T = Triac
On-state rms current
12 = 12 A
Sensitivity
10 = 10 mA
35 = 35 mA
Voltage
7 = 700 V
Package
G = D²PAK
T = TO-220AB
Delivery mode
TR = Tape and reel (DPAK)
Blank = Tube (TO-220FPAB, DPAK)
Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 9/13
Package information ACST12
●
●
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
Recommended torque (TO-220AB): 0.4 to 0.6 N·m
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
®
packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK
® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
.
ECOPACK
®
is an ST trademark.
Table 6.
TO-220AB dimensions
L2
F2
F1
F
G1
H2
Dia
G
L5
L9
L6
L4
Ref.
C
A
D
M
E
L7
F
F1
F2
G
G1
H2
A
C
D
E
L2
L4
L5
L6
L7
L9
M
Diam.
Dimensions
Millimeters
Min.
Max.
0.61
1.14
1.14
4.95
2.40
10
4.40
1.23
2.40
0.49
13
16.4 typ.
14
2.65
2.95
15.25
6.20
3.50
15.75
6.60
3.93
3.75
2.6 typ.
3.85
4.60
1.32
2.72
0.70
0.88
1.70
1.70
5.15
2.70
10.40
Inches
Min.
Max.
0.173
0.048
0.094
0.019
0.024
0.044
0.044
0.194
0.094
0.393
0.645 typ.
0.511
0.551
0.104
0.116
0.600
0.244
0.137
0.620
0.259
0.154
0.102 typ.
0.147
0.151
0.181
0.051
0.107
0.027
0.034
0.066
0.066
0.202
0.106
0.409
10/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12 Package information
Table 7.
D
2
PAK dimensions
L2
L
L3
E
G
B2
B
A1
C2
C
2mm min.
FLAT ZONE
A2
A
R
V2
D
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches Ref.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A 4.30
A1 2.49
A2 0.03
B 0.70
B2 1.25
1.40
C 0.45
C2 1.21
D 8.95
E 10.00
G 4.88
L 15.00
L2 1.27
L3 1.40
R
V2 0°
0.40
4.60
0.169
2.69
0.098
0.23
0.001
0.181
0.106
0.009
0.93
0.027
0.048 0.055
0.037
0.60
0.017
1.36
0.047
9.35
0.352
0.024
0.054
0.368
10.28 0.393
5.28
0.192
15.85 0.590
1.40
0.050
1.75
0.055
0.405
0.208
0.624
0.055
0.069
0.016
8° 0° 8°
Figure 21.
Footprint (dimensions in mm)
16.90
10.30
3.70
1.30
5.08
8.90
Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 11/13
Ordering information ACST12
Table 8.
Ordering information
Order code Marking
ACST1210-7T
ACST1210-7G
ACST1210-7GTR
ACST1235-7T
ACST1235-7G
ACST1235-7GTR
ACST12107
ACST12357
Package
TO-220AB
D
2
PAK
D
2
PAK
TO-220AB
D
2
PAK
D
2
PAK
Weight Base qty Packing mode
2.3 g
1.5 g
1.5 g
2.3 g
1.5 g
1.5 g
50
50
1000
50
50
1000
Tube
Tube
Tape and reel
Tube
Tube
Tape and reel
Table 9.
Date
Document revision history
02-Dec-2008
13-Apr-2010
01-Jul-2010
07-Dec-2010
Revision
1
2
3
4
Changes
First issue.
Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class.
Updated
Figure 20.
Updated
Table 3.
12/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4
ACST12
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Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 13/13
