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267
CHAPTER
Adding Video
Transitions and
Motion
Want something other than a cut or crossfade between video events? Vegas® software provides a wide variety of transitions you can add to your project. This chapter also covers track motion and keyframe animation, which allows you to automate video effects, media generators, cropping, panning, and more.
Understanding basic transitions
Transitions occur between two video events. Most professional productions, on television or on the big screen, use only two types of transitions. The first is a simple cut, where one scene immediately cuts to the other without delay or effects. The other is a fade, otherwise known as a crossfade or a dissolve.
Cuts
A cut is actually not a transition. Instead, the last frame from an event is immediately followed by the first frame of the next event. This is what happens with two adjacent events on the timeline, either in the same track or in different tracks. This can also happen when an event is punched into another (with fade edge edits turned off).
Adjacent events Events on different tracks Punch-in events
Crossfades
You can fade one event out and fade into the next event by simply overlapping the two. The duration of the
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Using transition effects
Transition effects are more complex than a simple cut or crossfade. You can replace a crossfade with a transition and then customize the transition to meet your needs.
Tip: Select the Event Fade Lengths option on the View menu to display fade lengths between selected and nonselected events in the timeline. You can use this display as a quick indicator of a transition’s length.
Adding a transition
1.
Insert a video event onto the timeline.
2.
Insert another event so that it overlaps the first to create an automatic crossfade.
3.
In the Transitions window, browse for a transition effect. If the
Transitions window is not visible, choose Transitions from the
View menu.
4.
Drag the effect onto the crossfade between the two events.
Note: The duration of a transition is automatically determined by the amount of overlap between the two events.
As with other events, you can control the precise duration of a transition by dragging the edges in and out. You can also
The original crossfade...
...and the new transition effect.
Tip: Some transitions also have their own shortcut keys. On the numeric keypad, press
/
to insert a crossfade,
*
to insert a dissolve, and
-
to insert a linear wipe. Hold
Ctrl while pressing
/
to convert the transition to a cut at the cursor position.
Tip: Select the
Event Fade Lengths
option on the
View
menu to display fade lengths between selected and nonselected events in the timeline. You can use this display as a quick indicator of a transition's length.
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Adding a transition to the end of an event
Typically, a transition occurs between two events on a track, but you can also use transitions to fade to and from the background, whether that is an underlying image, video, or background color. For example, you can drag a Clock Wipe transition to the end of a video event and have the wipe go from the video event to black.
Adding a transition to all selected events
If you tend to use the same transitions often, you can save yourself some time by adding a transition to all selected events at once.
1.
Select the events where you want to add the transition.
2.
From the
View
menu, choose
Transitions
to display the
Transitions window.
3.
Select a transition from the list on the left side of the window.
The thumbnail images on the right side of the window represent each of the existing presets for the selected transition. Hover your cursor over a preset to see an animated example.
4.
After you’ve found the setting that you want to use, drag it to the position where you want it to occur on the timeline.
5.
The Video Event FX dialog is displayed to allow you to edit the transitions settings, and a is displayed in the timeline to show you where the transition takes place. You can also click this icon to edit the transition’s settings.
Dropping on existing cuts, crossfades, or transitions
• If you drop the preset on an existing transition, only transitions within the selection will be changed. Cuts and crossfades are preserved.
• If you drop the preset on an existing crossfade, only crossfades and transitions within the selection will be changed. Cuts are preserved.
• If you drop the preset on an existing cut, all cuts, crossfades, and transitions within the selection will be changed.
Dropping on event edges
• If you drop the preset on a transition that is at the beginning or end of an event (but does not span two events), only single-event transitions that occur on the same end of the event within the selection will be changed.
• If you drop the preset on an event fade-in or -out, event fade-ins/outs and single-event transitions that occur on the same end of the event within the selection will be changed.
• If you drop the preset on an event edge with no fade, all other event edges, event fade-ins/outs, and singleevent transitions that occur on the same end of the event within the selection will be changed.
Note: To change the length of the transition for cuts that are converted to transitions, use the Cut-to-overlap conversion settings on the
Editing
tab of the Preferences dialog.
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Adding a transition progress envelope
This feature is available only in the full version of Vegas software.
Normally, a transition progresses from 0 to 100% in a linear fashion over the length of the transition. A transition progress envelope gives you complete control over a transition: you can hold, reverse, and repeat individual transitions.
1.
Right-click a transition.
2.
From the shortcut menu, choose Insert/Remove Envelopes , and then choose Transition Progress from the submenu. An envelope is added to your transition.
3.
In the following example, the transition starts, progresses to 50%, reverses direction, and then finishes.
Understanding track layers
If you want, you can view and modify transitions in an A/B roll mode. Right-click the track header and choose Expand Track
Layers from the shortcut menu to expand the track to reveal three layers within the main track. These layers are called the
A roll, the B roll, and the transition roll.
A roll
Transition roll
B roll
Transition direction arrow
The concept of an A/B roll is fundamentally different from the multitrack philosophy. Every track is in some way mixed (composited) into the final output in a multitrack system, but events are not mixed on the A/B roll.
Instead, either the A roll or the B roll is playing, with the two trading places during a transition. You could mix the two for as long as you want with a transition, but they do not blend without an intervening transition.
Transitions move from one roll and into the other. This could be from A to B or from B to A. The direction of the transition is automatically set. The small arrows on the side of the transition event indicate this direction.
As the sequence at the right shows, the video output can shift from the A to the B and back to A many times during a production, but there is only one video output from any particular roll at a time. This means that the A and B rolls are not composited.
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Converting a cut to a transition
The transition between two events that are adjacent to each other on the same track is instantaneous and is called a cut. However, if the first event is trimmed back from the end and the second event is trimmed back from the beginning (in other words, both have enough media to overlap), you can transform the cut into a transition effect using this extra media.
1.
Right-click the line between two adjacent events at the cut position.
2.
From the shortcut menu, choose
Transition
and then choose the transition that you want to insert (e.g.,
Insert Sony Iris
).
You can also drag a transition to the cut from the Transitions window.
The duration of the newly inserted transition event is determined by the
Cut-to-overlap conversion
time set in the
Editing
tab of the Preferences dialog. To access this dialog, choose
Preferences from the
Options menu.
This event’s media is longer than the trim.
Cut
After the conversion, both events are longer and extend into the transition.
This event’s media extends before the beginning.
Note: There must be enough media in the respective events to cover the transition (e.g., the end of the first event must not be the end of the media file).
Tip: You can also convert cuts between audio events to crossfades. Click the cut and press
/
on the numeric keypad to create a crossfade. There must be enough media on either side of the cut to create the crossfade.
Converting a crossfade or transition to a cut
1.
Click to position the cursor within the transition.
2.
Hold
Ctrl
while pressing the
/
key on your numeric keypad.
The transition will convert to a cut, using the Cut-to-overlap conversion settings on the
Editing
tab of the
Preferences dialog to determine where the cut occurs.
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Previewing a transition
The easiest way to preview a transition is to set the loop region to the duration of the transition and then loop the playback. This allows you to adjust the transition while it is playing and make changes in real time.
1.
Double-click the transition. This automatically creates a time selection equal to the length of the transition.
2.
Click the Loop Playback button ( ) to turn loop playback on. The selection area bar is dark blue when loop playback is turned on.
3.
Click the Play button ( ).
To preview complicated transitions, you may want to build a dynamic RAM preview or prerender the effect. For more information, see
Building dynamic RAM previews on page 291
or Prerendering video on page 289
.
Modifying a transition
All of the transitions include several presets that create standard transitions. If a preset doesn’t meet your needs, you can customize a transition to suit your taste.
Tip: You can also animate the parameters of a transition with
keyframes. For more information, see Using keyframe animation on page 273 .
1.
Click the
Transition Properties
button
( ) on the transition or right-click the transition and choose
Transition
Properties from the shortcut menu. The
Video Event FX window appears.
2.
Change the parameters. Changes update in real time in the Video
Preview window. For help on the different controls in the Video FX window, click the
Plug-In Help
button
( ) to access online help.
Transition parameters
Saving custom settings as a preset
After you modify a transition, you can save your settings as a preset for use at a later time. You can apply presets by choosing them from the
Preset
drop-down list.
Keyframe controller
1.
Modify the settings in the window to create your desired transition effect. For help on the different controls in the window, click the
Plug-In Help
button ( ) to access online help.
2.
Click the name in the
Preset
drop-down list. The current text is highlighted.
3.
Enter a name for the new preset.
4.
Click the
Save Preset
button ( ).
You can save any additional changes to the custom preset by clicking the
Save Preset
button.
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Using keyframe animation
Keyframe animation is a technique that computer artists use to quickly make complex animated sequences.
Instead of drawing every frame of a title scrolling in from top to bottom by hand, an animator simply has to set a starting and ending position for the animation and let the computer interpolate the intermediate frames. The animation pictured on the right has three keyframes: a starting, middle, and ending keyframe. More complex animations use more keyframes.
While keyframing motion may be the most obvious use for keyframe animations, just about any parameter of an effect can be animated with keyframes. Keyframe animation techniques are used in many areas, including transition effects, video effects, event panning and cropping, generated media, and track motion. You can animate color, brightness, transparency, motion, size, perspective, and many other parameters with keyframes.
These three frames show the progression of a title across three keyframes.
Understanding the keyframe controller
The keyframe controller appears at the bottom of the Video FX window (used for transitions, effects, and generated media), the Track Motion window, and the Event Pan/Crop window.
Cursor position Keyframes
Each effect in a video effects chain can have its own keyframes.
Sync Cursor
First
Previous
Next
Last
Delete
Create
The cursor position is marked by a flashing line on the controller. This position can also be automatically updated on the timeline, with the Video Preview window also updating in real time to reflect changes. Click the
Sync Cursor
button ( ) on the keyframe controller to sync the keyframe cursor with the timeline cursor.
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Adding keyframes
Every effect has a starting keyframe at the beginning (left side) of the keyframe controller. This sets the initial parameters for the effect. In order to animate the effect, you must add another keyframe to the effect and change some of the parameters. When you first add a new keyframe, it has the same settings (for the transition, effect, pan/crop, etc.) as the first keyframe. You can then modify the settings of the new keyframe to create the animation from the first keyframe settings to the second.
1.
Click the keyframe controller timeline to move the cursor where you want to add a keyframe. The current position is marked by a blinking cursor.
2.
Click the Create Keyframe button ( ).
3.
Modify the settings in the window for the new keyframe as desired.
Tip: You can also add a new keyframe by positioning the cursor in the keyframe controller and changing any parameters in the window. A keyframe is added with the new settings at the cursor position.
Deleting keyframes
1.
Select a keyframe in the keyframe controller.
2.
Click the
Delete Keyframe
button ( ).
Navigating in the keyframe controller
Use the keyframe navigation buttons (
First
,
Previous
,
Next
, and
Last
) to quickly jump to a keyframe.
Alternately, press
Ctrl +
or
Ctrl +
to move to the previous or next keyframe.
Modifying keyframes
After you create your keyframes, you can move them, copy and paste them, and change the interpolation curves between them.
Moving keyframes
You can move a keyframe within the keyframe controller by dragging it to a new position. For track-level
Copying and pasting keyframes
Keyframes on the controller can be copied, pasted, and duplicated.
1.
Right-click a keyframe.
2.
From the shortcut menu, choose Copy .
3.
Right-click the keyframe controller at the position where you want to paste the keyframe.
4.
From the shortcut menu, choose Paste .
Duplicating keyframes
1.
Right-click and drag a keyframe to a new position.
2.
From the shortcut menu, choose Copy . A duplicate keyframe is created at the new position.
You can also duplicate a keyframe by holding the
Ctrl
key while dragging it.
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Changing the interpolation curve
The interpolation curve determines the rate at which Vegas software animates between two keyframe settings. You can right-click a keyframe to choose a different shape for the interpolation curve. The shortcut menu provides six options:
Linear
,
Fast
,
Slow
,
Smooth, Sharp, and
Hold
. Selecting
Hold from the shortcut menu prevents any animation from being interpolated between two keyframes. The color of the keyframe indicates which interpolation curve is being used.
Linear (gray)
Fast (green)
Slow (gold)
Smooth (lilac)
Sharp (pink)
Hold (red)
Changing the relative spacing of keyframes
You can change the relative positions of the keyframes as a group. This can be useful if you need to change the overall length of an animated sequence or if you need to copy a set of keyframes to another event that has a different duration than the original.
1.
Click on the first keyframe, hold the of the keyframes.
Shift
key, and click on the last keyframe in the sequence to select all
2.
Hold
Alt
and drag the first or last keyframe to scale the keyframes.
When copying keyframes from longer events to shorter events, you must temporarily lengthen the duration of the shorter event so that all of the keyframes appear on the keyframe controller. Once you have pasted the keyframes, you can rescale the keyframes using the above procedure, and then resize the event to its original length.
Creating keyframe presets
The 2D and 3D track motion dialogs allow you to create, save, and recall keyframe presets. Keyframe presets save the settings of the selected keyframe row at the cursor position.
Notes: Presets for the Position, 2D Shadow, and 2D Glow keyframe rows are saved separately.
Presets for 2D and 3D track motion are saved separately: presets you create in the 2D Track Motion window will not be available in the 3D Track Motion window.
Saving a preset
1.
Adjust your
Position
,
2D Shadow
, or
2D Glow
settings as desired to create a keyframe.
2.
Type a name in the
Preset
box.
3.
Click the
Save Preset
button ( ).
Note: Presets for the Position, 2D Shadow, and 2D Glow keyframe rows are saved separately.
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Note: Presets for 2D and 3D track motion are saved separately: presets you create in the 2D Track Motion window will not be available in the 3D Track Motion window.
Recalling a preset
1.
Click in the
Position
,
2D Shadow
, and
2D Glow
keyframe row to select a row and position the cursor where you want to apply the preset.
2.
Choose a setting from the
Preset
drop-down list.
If no keyframe exists at the cursor position, one is created using the settings from the preset. If a keyframe exists at the cursor position, the keyframe’s settings are replaced with the settings from the preset.
Deleting a preset
Click the Delete Preset button ( ) to delete the current preset.
Working with keyframes in track view
You can move and modify track keyframes in track view. These keyframes are used in the following three track-level effects:
• Track effects plug-in (pg. 242)
• Mask generator plug-in on a parent compositing track (pg. 263)
Viewing and moving track keyframes
Once you have added keyframes to one of these track-level effects, the track keyframes appear at the bottom of the track on the timeline. Click the
Expand Track Keyframes
button ( ) to view the keyframes.
You can drag a keyframe on the track in the same way you would in the keyframe controller. To move several keyframes at once, use the Envelope Edit tool ( ) to select and drag multiple keyframes.
Expand Track Keyframes button
With track keyframes collapsed, keyframes are minimized.
Keyframe
Collapse Track Keyframes button
With track keyframes expanded, each set of keyframes displays. You can move any keyframe by dragging it to a new position.
Keyframe
Tip: You can use ripple editing to automatically move track
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Adding new track keyframes
You can add new track keyframes to an existing track-level effect by double-clicking the track keyframe area.
Editing track keyframes
Double-click a track keyframe to open the associated window and adjust the settings. To change a keyframe interpolation curve, right-click the keyframe and choose a curve type from the shortcut menu.
Locking track keyframes to events
When track keyframes are locked, you can move events along the track and the keyframes move along with them. Only keyframes that occur within the selected events move.
Select the
Lock Envelopes to Events
button ( ) to lock track keyframes to the events on the track.
Hiding track keyframes
If track view becomes too cluttered, you can hide track keyframes from view. From the View menu, choose
Show Video Envelopes , and choose Track Keyframes from the submenu to hide track keyframes.
Sample uses for keyframe animation
The following section provides several examples of how keyframe animation can be used with features such as event panning and cropping, video effects plug-ins, and generated text events.
Animating event panning and cropping
You can combine event panning and cropping tools with keyframe animation to create several special
effects. For more information, see Cropping video on page 223 .
Zooming in on a still image
By using keyframe animation in the Event Pan/Crop window, you can zoom in and out on a still image. In this example, four keyframes are used to zoom in on faces in an old photograph and zoom back out again. A
1.
Click the Event Pan/Crop button ( ) on the still image event.
2.
Click the keyframe controller to position the cursor for the second keyframe.
3.
Click the Add Keyframe button ( ). Resize and move the selection area to zoom in on a portion of the image.
4.
Click the keyframe controller to position the cursor for the third keyframe.
5.
Click the Add Keyframe button ( ). Resize and move the selection area to zoom in on a different portion of the image.
6.
Click in the keyframe controller near the end of the event to place the final keyframe.
7.
Click the Add Keyframe button ( ).
8.
Right-click in the selection area and choose Restore from the shortcut menu. The selection area is zoomed out to include the full image for the last keyframe.
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9.
Preview the event in the Video Preview window. Adjust the settings in the Event Pan/Crop window as you preview the zoom effect.
First keyframe Second keyframe Third keyframe Last keyframe
Using pan-and-scan
Another way to use keyframe animation in the Event Pan/Crop window is panning, or pan-and-scan. Panand-scan is a technique commonly used when film is converted for television. Movie screens and film are usually wider (~2.35:1) than television (~1.33:1). When you transfer the film to video, you have four choices: (1) squash the film horizontally to fit, distorting it in the process; (2) crop it, possibly losing information on the sides; (3) letter box it so the top and bottom have black areas and the picture is shorter overall; and (4) pan-and-scan. Pan-and-scan is a variation of cropping, where someone goes through the movie and moves the crop area back and forth to follow the action or subject.
1.
Click the
Event Pan/Crop
button ( ) on the event. The Event Pan/Crop window appears.
2.
Confirm that the
Stretch to fill frame
check box is selected.
3.
Right-click the selection area and choose
Match Output Aspect
from the shortcut menu.
4.
Select a starting position, size, and angle of rotation for the crop rectangle. This is the start position (first keyframe).
5.
Click in the keyframe controller and press
Ctrl + End
. This moves the cursor to the end of the event.
6.
Click the
Create Keyframe
button ( ). A new keyframe appears in the keyframe controller at the end of the event.
7.
Change the position, size, and angle of rotation. This is the final position (last keyframe).
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8.
Preview the event. Add and adjust keyframes as needed to create the desired effect. You can adjust both temporal and spatial interpolation for each keyframe:
• Temporal interpolation (how the pan occurs over time) is controlled by the keyframe interpolation curve type. Experiment with temporal interpolation by right-clicking a keyframe to change the
• Spatial interpolation (how the pan occurs within the video image) is controlled by the
Smoothness setting of each keyframe. A smoothness value of 0 makes the movement linear from one keyframe to the next. A higher smoothness value makes the path of the pan more curved. Select a keyframe and change the
Smoothness value to adjust spatial interpolation.
Animating video effects plug-ins
You can use keyframe animation to smoothly and gradually apply an effect to an event. This example uses the Add Noise plug-in. The Add Noise plug-in adds static or noise to a video sequence. When added to a simple solid-colored background with a monochrome setting and animated, a pattern is produced that is similar to a television that is not tuned to any station.
1.
The Video FX window appears with the keyframe controller at the bottom of the window.
2.
Add two keyframes to the event for a total of three including the one at the beginning. New keyframe attributes are copied from the previous keyframe.
3.
Click the first keyframe to select it. Drag the
Noise level
slider to 0.
4.
Click the last keyframe to select it. Drag the
Noise level
slider to 0.
5.
Click the second keyframe to select it. From the
Preset
drop-down list, select
Grainy
.
6.
Hold
Ctrl
and drag the second keyframe to duplicate it. Position this new keyframe between the second and final keyframes.
The effect is off at the first keyframe and smoothly transitions to a grainy effect at the second keyframe, at which point the effect remains constant until the third keyframe. Then the effect gradually fades out until it reaches a minimum value at the last keyframe.
Keyframe 1
Noise = None
Keyframes 2 and 3
Noise = Grainy
Keyframe 4
Noise = None
CHP. 15
The results of gradually transitioning into an effect using keyframe animation.
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Animating generated text
You can add a generated text event to a project by dragging a text generator from the Media Generator
adding keyframes.
Not all attributes of generated text media can be animated using keyframes, however. You cannot, for example, morph one text message into a different one. Some aspects can be easily and smoothly animated using the keyframe controller, such as text, color, transparency, leading, tracking, and position.
Other aspects of generated text do not allow interpolated keyframe animation. For example, if you set the text to “One” initially and then at five seconds change it to “Two”, the text will suddenly jump to the new value at the five second keyframe. This behavior is different from the behavior of other keyframe animation techniques.
In this example, keyframes are used to make a title appear one letter at a time across the screen.
1.
Drag a text generator from the Media Generator window to the timeline.
2.
Right-click the new event and choose Edit Generated Media .
3.
Enter the first letter of the title, for example “T”.
4.
Click the keyframe controller at the 1.000 second mark and enter the second letter, for example “y”. The title now reads “Ty”. A new keyframe appears in the keyframe controller at the 1.000 second mark.
5.
Proceed down the keyframe controller to 2.000 and enter the letter “p”.
6.
Proceed down the keyframe controller repeating this process until the title is finished: “Typing”.
7.
Preview the event in the Video Preview window. The word “Typing” appears one letter per second until finished.
Text box
Keyframe
Controller
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Adding track motion
The Track Motion window (accessible by clicking the Track Motion button on any video track) is used to move a video track across a background. This background can be a solid color, another video event, or an image. Picture-in-picture effects and scrolling title sequences are two simple cases where this tool is important.
The gray area in the center of the window (covered by the blue/gray rectangle) represents the actual screen or area that is visible in the movie. The area outside of the main screen, which is filled with dotted lines, is the general workspace. The video you are moving can be positioned off of the visible screen and then animated onto and across the screen. The dots are markers to help position the video window. If snapping is enabled, these serve as snapping points.
The main window allows you to control the placement, size, and orientation of the overlay video through time. The blue and gray rectangular overlay in the middle represents the video on the track. The selection box in the workspace is used to represent the orientation of the track.
Keyframe presets
Properties
Controls
Track area
Keyframe controller
Controlling track motion
1.
Click the Track Motion button ( ) on the track that contains the overlay that you want to animate. The
Track Motion window is displayed.
2.
Adjust the selection area to change the viewable area of the track and its position in space. Guides are displayed in bold to indicate how the track will be moved or rotated:
Moving closer to or farther from viewer. Drag across corners to flip the track.
Dragging the track.
Rotating around the
Z axis.
3.
Changing editing options on page 282 .
4.
The track motion occurs instantly, and the results are updated in the Video Preview window.
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5.
Use the keyframe controller at the bottom of the Track Motion window to establish distinct track motion settings throughout the duration of the track.
During playback, immediate frames are interpolated to create smooth motion. Expand the
Keyframe interpolation
heading on the left side of the window and drag the
Smoothness
slider to adjust the
interpolation. For more information, see Using keyframe animation on page 273 .
Using the track motion shortcut menu
When you right-click anywhere in the Track Motion window, a shortcut menu appears:
•
Restore View returns the workspace display to its original state.
•
Restore Box returns the overlay to its original state (size, rotation, and position).
•
Restore Rotation returns the overlay to its unrotated state.
•
Restore Size returns the overlay to its original size.
•
Restore Center moves the overlay to the center of the frame.
•
Flip Horizontal flips the overlay backwards or left to right.
•
Flip Vertical flips the overlay upside-down.
•
Match Output Aspect sets the aspect ratio to the frame value.
•
Make Square Aspect sets selection box to a square aspect.
Changing editing options
Use the toolbar at the top of the Track Motion window to change your editing options.
Icon Command Description
Enable Rotation Select this button if you want to be able to rotate, or spin, the video.
When the button is not selected, video is locked so you can move it horizontally or vertically, but the track cannot be rotated.
Enable Snapping to Grid Select this button if you want your editing to snap to the grid.
Edit in Object Space Select this button if you want to edit in the object's space rather than the camera's space.
For example, if a track is rotated, its X axis may not correspond to the X axis of the of the Video Preview window. Selecting the Edit in Object Space button in conjunction with the Prevent Movement buttons allows you to move the object along its own X and Y axes.
Prevent Movement (X) Select this button if you want to prevent horizontal movement of the track.
Prevent Movement (Y) Select this button if you want to prevent vertical movement of the track.
Lock Aspect Ratio
Scale About Center
Prevent Scaling (X)
Select this button if you want the selection box to retain its aspect ratio during resizing.
When the button is not selected, the height and width can be resized independently.
Select this button if you want the selection box to retain its center point when you resize the box by dragging its edges.
When the button is not selected, the opposite side of the selection box will remain anchored when you drag the edges to resize it.
Select this button if you want to lock the horizontal dimension of the selection box.
Prevent Scaling (Y) Select this button if you want to lock the vertical dimension of the selection box.
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Using keyframes in track motion
Keyframes are what create the motion in the track motion feature. You can create, modify, and remove keyframes in the keyframe controller in the same way as with any other feature that uses keyframes. In addition, for track motion and 3-D track motion, you can use keyframe presets to save and recall the settings
The keyframe controller in the Track Motion window has three attributes that can be animated: position, shadow, and glow. Each effect can be animated independently. The shadow and glow effects can be turned on and off. Each effect has its own set of controls that appear on the left-hand side of the window. You can access these controls by clicking the respective item on the keyframe controller.
Tip: If any controls described in this section are not visible on the screen, enlarge the Track Motion window by dragging the lower right corner until all controls are revealed.
Position
You can control the position of the overlay in the main window by dragging the selection box or editing the controls on the left side of the window. However, the
Position
,
Orientation
, and
Rotation
controls in the window are invaluable when you need precision in resizing, moving, or rotating the overlay.
The
Smoothness box allows you to modify the smoothness of the interpolation curve among three or more keyframes.
You can use the
Workspace
controls to adjust the magnification and viewable area of the workspace. Use the
Snap Settings controls to adjust the grid in the workspace.
2D Shadow
This creates a simple drop shadow that appears under the entire window or only under the opaque
(nontransparent) parts of the overlay. You can control the size and offset of the shadow as well as the shadow color. A shadow is especially effective under a picture-in-picture window or to emphasize text and titles. Use the
Eyedropper
tool to select a specific color from anywhere on the screen.
The shadow effect creates a drop shadow under an object, window, or title. A shadow is especially effective under a picture-in-picture window.
1.
Select the
2D Shadow
row in the keyframe controller. When the
2D Shadow
row is selected, shadow controls are displayed in the Track Motion dialog.
Select the
2D Shadow
check box to apply the shadow so you can see the results of your shadow in the
Video Preview window, or clear the check box to bypass the shadow.
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2.
Use the
2D Shadow
controls on the left side of the window to set the color and appearance of the shadow:
•
Blur %
— type a number in the box or click the button to display a slider you can use to soften the edge of the shadow. Set to 0 for a hard edge, or increase the setting to feather the edge of the shadow.
• Intensity — type a number in the box or click the button to display a slider you can use to establish the transparency of the shadow's blurred edge. Decrease the setting for a translucent shadow, or increase the setting for a more opaque shadow.
•
Color
— click the down arrow next to the color swatch to display a color picker. Use the sliders or edit boxes in the color picker to set the shadow color, or use the eyedropper tool ( ) to sample a color from your screen.
3.
Adjust the size position of the shadow by dragging the box in the workspace or using the
Position
,
Orientation
, and
Rotation
controls on the left side of the window. For more information about manipulating the selection box, see
Controlling track motion on page 281 .
Cropped video
Shadow
4.
To animate the shadow, click in the 2D Shadow row of the Keyframe Controller to set the cursor to a later time and adjust the shadow settings.
2D Glow
Glow is a bright haze surrounding an overlay. In general, light colors are used for glow effects, but you can emphasize bright text on complex backgrounds by using a very small black glow, with little or no feathering, and 100% intensity.
1.
Select the 2D Glow row in the keyframe controller. When the 2D Glow row is selected, glow controls are displayed in the Track Motion dialog.
Select the 2D Glow check box to apply the glow so you can see the results of your shadow in the Video
Preview window, or clear the check box to bypass the glow.
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2.
Use the
2D Glow
controls on the left side of the window to set the color and appearance of the glow:
•
Blur %
— type a number in the box or click the button to display a slider you can use to soften the edge of the glow effect. Set to 0 for a hard edge, or increase the setting to feather the edge of the glow.
•
Intensity
— type a number in the box or click the button to display a slider you can use to establish the transparency of the glow’s blurred edge. Decrease the setting for a translucent glow, or increase the setting for a more opaque glow.
•
Color
— click the down arrow next to the color swatch to display a color picker. Use the sliders or edit boxes in the color picker to set the glow color, or use the eyedropper tool ( ) to sample a color from your screen.
3.
Adjust the size position of the glow by dragging the box in the workspace or using the
Position
,
Orientation
, and
Rotation
controls on the left side of the window. For more information about manipulating the
selection box, see Controlling track motion on page 281
.
Cropped video
Glow
4.
To animate the glow, click in the 2D Glow row of the Keyframe Controller to set the cursor to a later time and adjust the glow settings.
Creating a picture-in-picture effect
Picture-in-picture is an easy effect to reproduce using track motion.
1.
Insert the background video into a track.
2.
Insert the overlay video into another track just above the background video track.
3.
Click the
Track Motion
button ( ) on the upper overlay track.
4.
In the Track Motion window, position and resize the track area.
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The illustration below shows some of the relevant parts of this procedure. Note the shadow cast by the overlay video. This is added by selecting the
2D Shadow
check box on the keyframe controller. The Video
Preview window displays the results.
Tip: While overlay picture-in-picture windows are often completely opaque, you can fade them in and out using
opacity envelopes. For more information, see Using opacity envelopes on page 177 .
Animating the overlay
You can animate many aspects of an overlay using the keyframes at the bottom of the Track Motion window.
1.
Insert a video event onto the timeline.
2.
Click the
Track Motion
button ( ) in the track list.
3.
In the Track Motion window, resize the overlay by dragging the handles at the edges of the overlay.
4.
Drag the middle of the overlay to position it. This will be the size and position for the start of the animation.
5.
Click the timeline of the keyframe controller at a later time to move the cursor to that position.
Tip: With the
Sync Cursor
button ( ) enabled, you can also navigate to a new position on the main timeline. The cursor is automatically moved on the keyframe controller to the same location.
6.
Reposition the overlay. A new keyframe is automatically added to the keyframe controller at the new cursor position.
When you preview the video, the position of the overlay interpolates between the two keyframes with a smooth animation.
ADDING VIDEO TRANSITIONS AND MOTION CHP. 15
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Key Features
- Real-time video preview
- Advanced audio editing capabilities
- Multi-camera editing
- Motion tracking
- Color correction and grading
- DVD and Blu-ray authoring
- Support for a wide range of file formats
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