Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only). Avid Pro Tools HD 6.9, Pro Tools LE 6.9
Add to My manuals713 Pages
Avid Digidesign Pro Tools LE 6.9 is a powerful and versatile audio recording, editing, and mixing software that provides professional-quality results. It's perfect for musicians, producers, engineers, and anyone who wants to create high-quality audio content. With Pro Tools LE 6.9, you can record, edit, mix, and master your audio projects with ease.
advertisement
![Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only). Avid Pro Tools HD 6.9, Pro Tools LE 6.9 | Manualzz Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only). Avid Pro Tools HD 6.9, Pro Tools LE 6.9 | Manualzz](http://s3.manualzz.com/store/data/053738970_1-96f4b232129279c391c3ec819d2722cc-360x466.png)
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and
Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only)
Surround sessions typically include a combination of mono, stereo, and multichannel audio tracks, Auxiliary Inputs, Master Faders, busses, and inserts.
Once the appropriate I/O Setup has been imported or configured, any audio track can be mixed in multichannel for surround using
Pro Tools mixing features.
Multichannel I/O and signal routing is determined by the paths defined in the I/O Setup dialog.
Multichannel mixing is supported on Pro Tools
TDM systems only. In this chapter, all references to Pro Tools refer to Pro Tools TDM systems.
Multichannel Quick Start
The following is an overview of how to get started mixing in multichannel for surround in
Pro Tools.
To mix in multichannel:
1 Make sure the Surround Mixer plug-in is installed in your Plug-Ins folder. For instructions on installing the Surround Mixer plug-in, see
“Switching TDM Mixer Plug-Ins” on page 662.
2 Open any stereo Pro Tools session to remix it in surround. (You can also create new, empty
surround sessions. See “New Sessions and I/O
3 Configure the I/O Setup dialog with multichannel inputs, outputs, busses, and inserts, as
needed. (See “Configuring Pro Tools for Multichannel Sessions” on page 562.)
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 569
4 Do one of the following:
• Create new tracks, and assign track outputs and sends to your multichannel paths.
Configure signal routing as needed for submixing, bussing, processing, and monitoring. For tracks that do not need to be panned in 360°, place them in the mix using sub-paths and signal routing. (See
“Multichannel Signal Routing” on page 573.)
• Use the Import Tracks command to import multichannel tracks.
• Use the Import Session Data command to import existing 5.1 tracks, busses, and
other data. (See “Importing Tracks and
Track Attributes” on page 122.)
5 Pan in surround using the multichannel Track
Output and Send windows. (For information on mixing and panning for surround, see
Chapter 33, “Surround Panning and Mixing
Multichannel Audio Tracks
Multichannel audio tracks contain an individual channel for each signal in the track (for example, a 5.1 track would have six channels for left, center, right, left surround, right surround, and LFE).
Multichannel audio tracks can be:
• Recorded directly into Pro Tools, using multiple microphones or microphone arrays, or routed to appropriate multichannel Pro Tools
Input paths
• Imported from other Pro Tools sessions
• Edited, processed, and mixed in combination with mono and stereo tracks
5.1 format multichannel audio track
5.1 format audio files and tracks conform to the
Film track layout standard. Regardless of path mapping in the I/O Setup dialog, all 5.1 format audio tracks and meters follow the Film standard track layout:
L C R Ls Rs LFE
Multichannel audio tracks are not required to mix in multichannel formats. Mono, stereo, and all supported track formats can be mixed using
Pro Tools track outputs and sends. See “Multichannel Signal Routing” on page 573.
570 Pro Tools Reference Guide
Placing Audio in Multichannel
Tracks
You can drag audio files and regions from the
Audio Regions List, or from other tracks, to place them in multichannel audio tracks.
To do so, the number of channels being dragged must match the destination track format. For example, you can only drag a stereo pair or two mono regions onto a stereo audio track. Similarly, you can only place audio into an LCR track when you have selected three regions. With 5.1 tracks, you must select six mono files or regions.
When dragged into a multichannel track, audio files are placed from top to bottom in the exact order that they appear in the Regions List or playlist from which they came.
For this reason, you may want to rename audio files before dragging them, so that they are in a preferred order. Rename them so that sorting them By Region Name in the
Regions List results in the preferred order.
(For example, with a 5.1-format track, you can rename the audio tracks, so that the arrangement of the tracks corresponds to L, C,
R, Ls, Rs, and LFE.)
Solo, Mute, and Gain in Multichannel
Tracks and Paths
Stereo and multichannel tracks consist of multiple audio signals, linked together. By default, multichannel tracks are linked and are controlled by a single channel fader, solo and mute switch.
For discrete control of signals, multichannel tracks can be converted into individual mono tracks. For discrete level and phase adjustment, you can insert and unlink a multi-mono Trim plug-in. Both of these techniques are explained below.
Once converted to mono, multichannel tracks cannot be relinked into their original multichannel format. However, a multichannel track can be reassembled by dragging the corresponding number of mono files into a multichannel track, although some automation data will be lost. As an alternative, record the submix of the mono tracks to disk on a multichannel track.
To convert a multichannel track into discrete mono tracks:
1 Select the multichannel track.
2 Choose File > Split Selected Tracks to Mono.
To have discrete control of gain on individual channels of a multichannel track:
1 Insert a multi-mono Trim plug-in on the multichannel track.
2 Unlink the Trim plug-in by clicking the Link icon so that it is unlit.
3 Use the Channel Selector to display the controls for a channel, and adjust the gain.
See “Linking and Unlinking Controls on
Multi-Mono Plug-Ins” on page 575 for
more information.
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 571
Track and Output Formats
When you create new tracks, you specify mono, stereo, or a supported multichannel format for the new tracks.
In the Mix and Edit windows, the track format of a track’s output is always visible by the number of track meters contained in its fader strip
(for example, a single meter for mono tracks, a pair of meters for stereo tracks, and six meters for 5.1 tracks).
Assigning track output determines the format of that output. For example, a mono track always has a single track meter, even when assigned to a stereo output path. If that same mono track is assigned to a 5.1 output path, it's output will be split among those six output channels, depending on the position of its panner.
Changing Format
Changing the output format for a given track has several effects:
• The panner that appears in the track will change to reflect the new output format.
• It may be necessary for one or more pan related automation playlists to be created or deleted.
Because changing the output format has these effects, a warning dialog appears whenever you change the output format of a track to a format of fewer channels. Specifically, this will occur whenever automation playlists will have to be deleted.
Multiple Output Assignments and Track Format
When a track is assigned to more than one path of differing formats, the main output for that track will match the format of the assigned path with the greatest number of channels.
Multiple Outputs and Automation Playlists
When a track has multiple output assignments,
Pro Tools sorts panning data appropriately for each assigned path. For example, if you assign a mono track to a stereo path and a 5.1 path simultaneously, that track will have a 5.1 panner in the Mix or Edit window. When you pan the track, Pro Tools interprets the 5.1 panning moves into stereo panning moves.
This provides a type of parallel mixing. You can create a variety of mixes of differing formats all at the same time by routing your elements to multiple paths.
Control-Start-click (Windows) or Command-Control-click (Macintosh) any control in an Output window to show its automation playlist in the Edit window and view any pan automation.
572 Pro Tools Reference Guide
Multichannel Track Outputs
Multichannel Signal Routing
To mix in a multichannel format, tracks are assigned to multichannel paths.
Tracks can be mixed in surround using the following two methods:
Tracks can be routed to multichannel output or bus paths using the track Output Selector. This provides a multichannel panner and meter in the Mix and Edit window I/O View.
• By setting a track main output to a multichannel path.
Additional output assignments can be added by
Start-clicking (Windows) or Control-clicking
(Macintosh) the Selector and assigning another path.
• By assigning a multichannel send to route audio to a multichannel path.
Multichannel Sends
See “Multichannel Sends” on page 573 for
more information.
All track formats, including mono and stereo, let you assign one or more multichannel sends.
This provides a multichannel panner in the
Sends View. Sends are also useful to bus tracks for multichannel plug-in processing.
This channel’s main output path is mono (“Center music”).
It has a multichannel send providing a multichannel panner
Figure 35 shows a mono audio track with a 6-
channel send (Sends View Shows > Send A
View).
This channel’s output path is multichannel, so the track provides a multichannel panner
Two different ways to configure tracks for multichannel mixing
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 573
Multichannel send panner
Mono output format
You can assign Master Faders to main and subpaths. Main paths must match the format of the
Master Fader, and only one Master Fader can be active and assigned to any single (active) main or sub-path. A Master Fader cannot be assigned to a sub-path if its associated main path is already assigned on another Master Fader. See
Mono, Multi-Mono and
Multichannel Plug-Ins
Plug-ins can be used in mono, multi-mono, or multichannel formats.
Mono meter
Figure 35. A mono audio track with a mono output format, with a multichannel send
Pro Tools bussing and submixing features are available for all channel formats, from mono/stereo through 8-channel. For examples of multichannel monitoring, effects processing, and bussing, see “Mixing with Paths and Sub-
Paths” on page 576. For mono and stereo mix
examples, see Chapter 26, “Basic Mixing.”
Multichannel Auxiliary Inputs and
Master Faders
A multichannel Auxiliary Input or Master Fader is used as a return for the multichannel bus.
Sends are useful when you need to create an additional, independent mix simultaneously (perhaps of a distinct format), requiring dedicated fader, mute, solo, and automation controls.
Plug-in formats
For information about mono, stereo, and mono-
in/stereo-out plug-ins, see Chapter 27, “Plug-In and Hardware Inserts.”
Multi-Mono Plug-Ins Are designed for use on stereo or greater-than-stereo multichannel tracks.
Multi-mono plug-ins are useful, or required, in the following situations:
• When a plug-in does not involve multichannel correlated processing (for example, when applying EQ to select sides of a multichannel signal)
• When you need to adjust signals within the multichannel track independently
• When a plug-in does not support multichannel formats
574 Pro Tools Reference Guide
When a multi-mono plug-in is first inserted on a multichannel track, the plug-in controls are linked. You can unlink them for independent
adjustment. See “Linking and Unlinking Controls on Multi-Mono Plug-Ins” on page 575 for
more information.
Multi-mono plugs-ins can also be inserted on stereo tracks, to apply unlinked plug-ins on the left and right channels.
Multichannel Plug-Ins Are designed for use on stereo and multichannel tracks that require correlated processing, including stereo and multichannel limiting, compression, and similar effects.
Linking and Unlinking Controls on Multi-
Mono Plug-Ins
When a multi-mono plug-in is used on a multichannel track of more than two channels, the controls are normally linked. Adjusting the
Gain control on one channel, for example, will adjust it for all channels.
If necessary, you can unlink plug-in controls on specific channels of a track and edit them independently. You can also selectively link the controls of specific channels.
For example, to apply equal filter cutoffs to the
Ls and Rs (surround) channels in a 5.1 mix, you could link enable just those channels in an unlinked, multi-mono EQ plug-in. Adjusting the controls in the plug-in window for either channel (Ls or Rs) adjusts the other, linked channel as well.
Link Enable buttons
Channel Selector
Master Link button
Channel Selector and Link controls
Channel Selector Accesses a specific channel within a multichannel track for plug-in parameter editing. This menu appears only on multimono plug-ins inserted on tracks with more than two channels.
Master Link Button When enabled, links the controls on all channels of a multi-mono plugin so that they can be adjusted in tandem.
Link Enable Buttons Let you selectively link the controls of specific channels of a multi-mono plug-in. Each square represents a speaker channel. The Master Link button must be disabled to use the Link Enable buttons.
To unlink controls on a multi-mono plug-in:
â–
Deselect the Master Link button. It is lit when linked, unlit when unlinked.
To access controls for a specific channel:
â–
Select the channel from the Channel Selector.
To open a plug-in window for all channels of a multi-mono plug-in:
â–
Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Macintosh) the Channel Selector.
To link the controls of specific channels:
1 Deselect the Master Link button if it is not already deselected.
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 575
2 Click the Link Enable buttons for the channels whose controls you want to link.
For information on the Trim plug-in, see the
DigiRack Plug-Ins Guide
.
Paths in Surround Mixes
Because Pro Tools provides a flexible routing and submixing environment, you can maximize your system’s available resources by first identifying the elements that you want to pan dynamically and those that can be placed in certain channels only. (See “Mixing with Paths and
Sub-Paths” on page 576 for an explanation of this concept.)
Once you have identified these elements in your session, you can use a combination of main and sub-path assignments, and multichannel panning.
Mixing with Paths and Sub-Paths
It is rare that every track needs to be “flown” (actively panned in between more than a pair of speakers). In most situations, certain elements are placed in certain speakers and remain there, providing the foundation for a mix.
Figure 36 on page 577 illustrates an example of
how panning and signal routing can be combined in a multichannel mix. The following sections show you how to organize your session and signal routing to maximize the available resources.
See “Extending Stereo Mixing Conventions to Surround Mixing” on page 577 for related information.
When to Assign Multichannel Outputs
â–
Assign 5.1 paths only to those tracks that need to be panned to all six channels.
For example, a sound effects track with a jet flyover should be assigned a 5.1 path to be able to fly the sound from front-to-back. In a music mix, fly a solo instrument or make a synth pad swirl around the room as a special effect.
Elements that need to be heard in all speakers simultaneously can also be assigned to the multichannel output, whether or not they need active panning in the sound field.
When to Use Sub-Paths
â–
To help simplify large sessions, use sub-paths to route static (or, stationary) elements directly to the output channel or channels.
For example, film dialog is often mixed to the center channel to anchor this essential sound element to the picture. Instead of assigning a sixchannel panner to dialog tracks and panning the tracks to the center speaker only, you can route the dialog track’s main output to a mono
(Center) sub-path.
576 Pro Tools Reference Guide
Bus routing
Main output to sub-paths
Tracks routed to sub-paths Tracks panned in 3D
Auxiliary Input and Master Faders routed to main paths
Main outputs to 5.1 paths for surround panning
Figure 36. Using signal routing and sub-paths to mix in surround
Extending Stereo Mixing Conventions to
Surround Mixing
Stereo mixing sets the precedent for active and static panning, and surround mixing can benefit from the same basic principles.
Panning a sound back-and-forth between the left and right speakers is best used as a special effect. In a typical music mix, the basic tracks are placed in the stereo sound field and remain there.
Surround mixes can become incoherent if too many elements are continuously moving, For special effects, some tracks can be panned dynamically, bouncing between speakers or sweeping from one side to the other.
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 577
Example Paths and Signal
Routing for a Surround Mix
The examples that follow show how Auxiliary
Inputs, Master Faders, and other Pro Tools signal routing features can be used for stem mixes, submixes, and similar project needs.
In these examples, music and effects are being mixed for a trailer, in 5.1 surround. Separate stem mixes (for music and for effects) are to be mastered to 8-track MDM.
Additional stereo output paths, with mono subpaths, have also been defined for the remaining channels.
Example Bus Paths
Figure 38 shows example bus paths.
Example Multichannel Paths
Signal routing is the key element in any
Pro Tools surround session. Signal routing is configured and defined in the I/O Setup dialog.
Example Output Paths
Figure 37 shows output paths defined in the I/O
Setup dialog of an example session that was created on a Pro Tools|HD system with one 192 I/O audio interface.
Figure 38. I/O Setup, example bus paths
Two 5.1 format main paths have been defined
(“Music” and “FX”), each with several subpaths.
Example Sub-Paths
Sub-paths let you route to selective channels within the multichannel surround output. In
Figure 39, the Mix 5.1 bus has several sub-paths
that show this.
Figure 37. I/O Setup, example output paths
Sub-paths have been defined for Mix, Music, and FX main output paths.
578 Pro Tools Reference Guide
Figure 39. I/O Setup, example sub-paths
5.0 Sub-Path The 5.0 FX bus is a 5-channel subpath. Use this type of sub-path routing to conserve mixing resources with tracks you want to keep out of the LFE channel.
LFE Path A custom LFE sub-path has been added to provide a discrete mono path to the LFE channel.
Signal Routing Examples
The following examples show how main and sub-paths can be used, using an example session consisting of a 5.1 main mix, with music and effects stems (or submixes).
Submix Stem Examples
Figure 40 shows a routing configuration for an effects submix.
Figure 40. FX stem
Some tracks are routed to stereo sub-paths, while others are assigned to mono, LCR, or other subpaths. Two tracks (one stereo, one mono) are assigned to multichannel busses for surround panning.
A 5.1 Auxiliary Input assigned to the FX main bus path serves as a submixer.
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 579
Figure 41 shows a routing configuration for music tracks.
Figure 41. Music stem
Most of the music tracks in this example are routed to the front left/right channels, using a stereo subpath. A 5.1 Auxiliary Input controls the bus and stem output.
Main Stems Example
Figure 42 shows two Auxiliary Input channels assigned to additional 5.1 format paths for a main mix.
Figure 42. Main stems
580 Pro Tools Reference Guide
Multiple output assignments make it possible to configure a number of multi-format mixes. For example, you can assign an additional stereo output to tracks and create a stereo mix at the same time as a 5.1 mix. For more information,
see “Multiple Output Assignments” on page 454.
Figure 44 shows how a “traditional” LFE track
can be routed to only the LFE channel. This example uses a custom-defined LFE sub-path to the FX main bus path.
LFE Examples
LFE tracks and other audio can contribute to the
LFE output in two ways:
• Using the LFE slider in Output windows. This
LFE signal is post-fader.
– or –
• Using a custom sub-path to route channels discretely.
Figure 43 shows a channel Output window,
sending and metering to the LFE channel.
Aux LFE meter LFE fader
Figure 44. Discrete LFE routing
For instructions on how to create a sub-path, see
“Custom Multichannel Paths” on page 564.
LFE and Filtering
Pro Tools applies no filtering to LFE signals.
Some delivery requirements may require filter-
ing for the LFE track. See “Mixing Formats and
Surround Formats” on page 551 for more infor-
mation.
LFE faders can follow Mix and Edit Groups.
See “Automation Preferences” on page 504
for more information.
Figure 43. LFE contribution from a stereo output
Using the LFE fader, you can add any amount of any multichannel path to the overall LFE output. In the above example, the track’s Center percentage has been turned off, and the LFE fader has been raised to route it to the LFE channel.
Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only) 581
582 Pro Tools Reference Guide
advertisement
Key Features
- Record, edit, mix, and master audio projects with ease
- Create professional-quality audio content
- Work with up to 32 tracks of audio
- Use a variety of powerful editing tools
- Mix your tracks with precision using the built-in mixer
- Master your tracks to perfection using the included mastering tools
Related manuals
Frequently Answers and Questions
What's the difference between Pro Tools LE and Pro Tools HD?
Can I use Pro Tools LE to record live performances?
Can I use Pro Tools LE to edit and mix audio for video projects?
advertisement
Table of contents
- 3 Contents
- 13 Introduction
- 15 Chapter 1: Welcome to Pro Tools
- 15 The Pro Tools Guides
- 16 Conventions Used in These Guides
- 16 Compatibility Information
- 16 About www.digidesign.com
- 17 Chapter 2: Pro Tools System Configurations
- 17 Pro Tools TDM Systems
- 18 Pro Tools|HD-Series Systems
- 18 Supported Audio Interfaces
- 20 Audio Interfaces for TDM Systems
- 21 Pro Tools LE Systems
- 22 Pro Tools LE System Capabilities
- 22 Pro Tools M-Powered
- 23 Chapter 3: Pro Tools Concepts
- 23 Hard Disk Audio Recording
- 23 The Digidesign Audio Engine
- 24 Playback Engine Dialog
- 24 Pro Tools Sessions
- 24 Session File
- 24 Audio File
- 25 Tracks
- 25 Regions (or Loops)
- 25 Playlist
- 26 Channel
- 27 Signal Routing
- 28 System Resources
- 28 Active and Inactive Items
- 30 MIDI Concepts
- 31 MIDI Terms
- 32 Common Misconceptions about MIDI
- 33 Chapter 4: Pro Tools Windows
- 33 The Mix Window
- 33 The Edit Window
- 36 Track Controls
- 36 Edit Tools
- 36 Event Edit Area
- 36 Location Indicators, Grid/Nudge Values, Current Cursor Display
- 37 The Transport Window
- 37 Basic Transport Controls and Counters
- 40 MIDI Controls
- 41 Chapter 5: Keyboard Shortcuts
- 41 Global Key Commands
- 42 Keyboard Focus
- 43 Numeric Keypad Modes
- 43 Shuttle Lock Modes
- 45 Shuttle Mode
- 47 Sessions & Tracks
- 49 Chapter 6: Sessions
- 49 Starting Up or Shutting Down Your System
- 49 Configuring Pro Tools System Settings (in the Playback System Engine)
- 50 Hardware Buffer Size
- 50 CPU Usage Limit
- 50 Number of Voices
- 51 Default Sample Rate
- 52 Delay Compensation Engine
- 52 DAE Playback Buffer Size
- 53 System Memory Allocation
- 53 Configuring Pro Tools Hardware Settings
- 53 Configuring Pro Tools|HD Hardware
- 57 Creating a New Session
- 58 Opening a Session
- 58 Opening a Session that Contains Unavailable Files
- 59 Opening a Session that Contains Unavailable Resources
- 59 Selecting Fader Gain when Opening a Previously Recorded Session
- 59 Saving a Session
- 59 Saving the Session File
- 60 Saving the Session File with a New Name
- 60 Saving a Copy of the Session
- 63 Creating Custom Session Templates
- 63 Creating Windows Templates
- 64 Creating Macintosh Templates
- 64 Closing a Session
- 64 Quitting Pro Tools
- 65 Sharing Sessions Between Pro Tools TDM Systems and Pro Tools LE Systems
- 65 Opening a TDM Session in Pro Tools LE
- 66 Preferences
- 79 Chapter 7: I/O Setup
- 81 Main Paths and Sub-Paths
- 81 Default I/O Settings
- 81 Stems and Stem Mixes
- 82 The I/O Setup Dialog
- 83 I/O Setup Dialog Controls
- 83 Routing Hardware I/O to Pro Tools I/O
- 85 Creating and Editing Paths
- 86 Creating New Paths
- 87 Resetting Paths
- 88 Deleting Paths
- 88 Channel Mapping
- 89 Initializing I/O Setup
- 90 Active and Inactive Paths
- 91 Hardware Setup and Session Transfer
- 92 I/O Settings Files
- 92 Defaults, Settings Files, and Last Used Settings for New Sessions
- 94 I/O Setup Options
- 94 Controller Meter Path
- 94 Audition Paths
- 95 New Track Default Output Path
- 96 AFL/PFL Path
- 97 Default Path Order
- 97 H/W Insert Delay Compensation
- 99 Chapter 8: Tracks
- 99 Track Types
- 102 Track Controls
- 102 Input/Output Selectors
- 102 Volume/Peak/Channel Delay Indicator
- 102 Pan Indicator
- 102 Pan Slider
- 102 Volume Fader
- 103 Track Level Meter
- 105 Creating Tracks
- 108 Hiding Tracks
- 111 Assigning Inputs and Outputs to Tracks
- 111 Assigning Audio Track Inputs
- 112 Assigning Audio Track Outputs
- 112 Track Priority and Voice Assignment
- 112 Track Priority
- 113 Setting Voice Assignment
- 115 Setting MIDI Input and Output
- 115 Assigning MIDI Track Input
- 116 Assigning MIDI Track Output
- 116 Soloing and Muting Tracks
- 117 Solo Button
- 120 Mute Button
- 121 Making Tracks Inactive
- 121 Adjusting Track Width
- 122 Color Coding for Tracks, Regions, Markers and Groups
- 122 Display Page Preferences for Color Coding
- 124 Color Palette
- 124 Grouping Tracks
- 125 Using the Groups List
- 126 Creating Groups
- 127 Editing Groups
- 128 Enabling Groups
- 129 Chapter 9: Importing and Exporting Session Data
- 129 Importing Audio
- 131 Conversion Quality
- 131 Importing Audio Files and Regions
- 133 Importing Audio Files with Drag & Drop from a DigiBase Browser
- 133 Importing Audio from an Audio CD
- 134 Importing Tracks and Track Attributes
- 135 Import Session Data Dialog
- 141 Exporting Audio
- 141 Exporting a Region as a New Audio File
- 142 Exporting Region Definitions
- 143 Exporting Pro Tools Tracks as OMFI or AAF Sequences
- 143 Exporting Sessions as Text
- 143 Export Session as Text Options
- 144 Exported Session Text
- 145 Send Session Via DigiDelivery
- 146 Importing MIDI Files
- 147 Exporting MIDI Files
- 149 Chapter 10: File Management and Compatibility
- 149 Audio File Management
- 149 Locating Audio Files
- 151 WAV File Compatibility
- 151 Creating Macintosh and PC Compatible Sessions
- 152 Creating and Saving Cross- Platform Sessions
- 153 Moving Sessions Between Platforms (Using HFS+ and NTFS Drives)
- 154 Multilingual Application Support for Pro Tools TDM Systems
- 155 Recording
- 157 Chapter 11: Record Setup
- 157 Input Connections and Audio Levels
- 158 Record Enabling Tracks
- 160 Latch Record Preference
- 160 Record Safe Mode
- 160 Record Monitoring Modes
- 161 Selecting a Record Monitor Mode in Pro Tools LE
- 161 Selecting Record Monitor Modes with TrackInput
- 162 Monitor Levels for Record and Playback
- 163 Monitoring Latency
- 163 Zero Latency Monitoring
- 163 Low Latency Monitoring
- 164 Low Latency Monitoring During Recording
- 164 Default Track Names
- 165 Disk Allocation
- 167 Recording to the System Volume
- 167 Allocating Hard Drive Space for Recording
- 168 Record Modes
- 170 The Record Modes and MIDI
- 171 Recording with a Click
- 172 Setting the Default Meter and Tempo
- 172 Setting the Default Meter
- 173 Setting the Default Tempo
- 175 Chapter 12: Basic Audio Recording
- 175 Recording an Audio Track
- 179 Recording Multiple Audio Tracks
- 179 Record Shortcuts
- 179 Record Pause Mode
- 179 Recording Additional Takes
- 181 Punch Recording Audio
- 183 Loop Recording Audio
- 184 Auditioning Record Takes
- 184 Auditioning from the Regions List
- 184 Auditioning from the Takes List Pop-Up Menu
- 185 Editing Preferences for Takes
- 186 Setting Punch/Loop Points
- 188 Setting Pre- and Post-Roll
- 190 Recording from a Digital Source
- 191 Recording from Digital Sources
- 192 Half-Speed Recording and Playback
- 193 Chapter 13: MIDI Recording
- 193 Recording from MIDI Devices
- 194 Enabling Input Devices
- 194 MIDI Thru
- 195 The Default Thru Instrument
- 195 MIDI Input Filter
- 196 Input Quantize
- 196 Wait for Note
- 197 MIDI Merge/Replace
- 197 Configuring MIDI Tracks for Recording
- 199 Recording to MIDI Tracks
- 200 Undo and MIDI Recording
- 200 Punch Recording MIDI
- 202 Regions and Punch Recording
- 202 Loop Recording MIDI
- 202 Loop Recording with Merge Mode
- 203 Loop Recording Multiple Takes
- 205 MIDI Step Input
- 205 Step Input Controls
- 207 Numeric Keypad Shortcuts
- 208 Recording System Exclusive Data
- 209 Chapter 14: Advanced Recording
- 209 QuickPunch Audio Recording
- 210 QuickPunch Guidelines for TDM Systems
- 211 QuickPunch Guidelines for LE Systems
- 211 Recording with QuickPunch
- 212 TrackPunch Audio Recording
- 213 Voice Requirements for TrackPunch Recording
- 213 Recording with TrackPunch Overview
- 214 TrackPunch Preferences
- 215 Configuring Synchronization and Track Arming
- 216 Enabling TrackPunch Mode
- 216 Transport Display of TrackPunch Status
- 217 TrackPunch Enabling Tracks
- 218 TrackPunch Recording
- 219 Example TrackPunch Workflows
- 219 Film Dubbing and Mixing with TrackPunch
- 220 Loading Dailies with RecordLock
- 221 Foley Recording with TrackPunch
- 221 Tracking and Overdubbing Music with TrackPunch
- 223 Editing
- 225 Chapter 15: Editing Basics
- 225 Pro Tools Editing
- 225 Nondestructive Editing
- 225 Editing During Playback
- 226 Track Material
- 227 Track View
- 229 Track Height
- 231 Displaying Region Names and Times
- 231 Audio Regions and Waveforms
- 232 Guidelines for Editing Waveforms
- 233 Nondestructive Audio Editing
- 233 Audio Regions and Automation Data
- 233 MIDI Regions and MIDI Data
- 233 Notes View for MIDI Tracks
- 234 Regions View for MIDI Tracks
- 235 Nondestructive MIDI Editing
- 235 MIDI Regions and Continuous Controller Events
- 236 Playlists
- 236 Working with Playlists
- 238 Playlists and Groups
- 239 Multiple Undo
- 239 Undo History Window
- 240 Levels of Undo and Memory
- 240 The Audio and MIDI Regions Lists
- 241 Sorting and Searching a Regions List
- 242 Selecting in a Regions List
- 244 Stereo and Multichannel Tracks in the Audio Regions List
- 244 Edit Modes
- 244 Shuffle
- 245 Slip
- 245 Spot
- 245 Grid
- 247 Zooming
- 247 Horizontal and Vertical Zoom Buttons
- 248 Zoomer Tool
- 249 Zoom Preset Buttons
- 250 Zoom Toggle
- 250 Zooming with a Scroll Wheel
- 251 The Universe Window
- 252 Timebase Rulers
- 253 Main Time Scale
- 255 Tick-Based Timing
- 255 Ticks versus Samples
- 259 Chapter 16: Playing and Selecting Track Material
- 259 Playing Tracks
- 260 Page Scroll During Playback
- 260 Locating and Auditioning with Fast Forward/Rewind
- 260 Locating with Back and Forward Commands
- 262 Location Indicators
- 263 Scrolling in the Ruler
- 263 Scrolling with a Scroll Wheel
- 263 Locating the Playback Cursor
- 264 Auto-Scrolling Tracks in the Mix and Edit Windows
- 264 Navigation using Track Position Numbers
- 265 Scrolling Options
- 266 The Scrubber
- 268 Numeric Keypad Set to Shuttle
- 268 Linking or Unlinking Edit and Timeline Selections
- 270 Selecting Track Material
- 274 Using the Selection Indicators (Start, End, and Length)
- 275 Selecting Across Multiple Tracks
- 276 Other Useful Selection Techniques
- 277 Tabbing to Transients
- 278 Playing Selections
- 279 Looping Playback
- 280 Timeline Selections
- 281 Playing Edit and Timeline Selections with the Playhead
- 282 Moving the Playhead
- 283 Chapter 17: Working with Regions and Selections
- 283 Creating New Regions
- 283 Capture Region Command
- 284 Separate Region Command
- 285 Separation Grabber
- 286 Region Overlap and Underlap
- 286 Trim Choices
- 286 Trim To Selection Command
- 286 Trim To Insertion Command
- 287 Trim to Fill Gaps Commands
- 288 Trimming with Nudge
- 288 Healing a Separation
- 288 Placing Regions in Tracks
- 289 Defining Region Sync Points
- 290 Placing Regions at the Edit Insertion Point
- 292 Aligning to Region Start Points
- 293 The Trimmer Tool
- 293 Standard Trimmer
- 294 The Time Trimmer
- 295 The Scrub Trimmer
- 296 Sliding Regions
- 296 Shuffling Regions
- 297 Slipping Regions
- 297 Spotting Regions
- 299 Sliding Regions in Grid Mode
- 301 Nudging
- 301 Nudging Regions
- 302 Nudging a Region’s Contents
- 303 Shift Command
- 303 Quantizing Regions
- 304 Locking Regions
- 304 Muting/Unmuting Regions
- 304 Edit Commands
- 305 Track View and Edit Content
- 307 Editing Across Multiple Tracks
- 308 Duplicate Command
- 309 Repeat Command
- 309 Merge Paste Command
- 310 Editing Stereo and Multichannel Tracks
- 311 Processing Audio with AudioSuite Plug-Ins
- 311 Waveform Repair with the Pencil Tool
- 312 The Smart Tool
- 315 Chapter 18: Advanced Editing (TDM Systems Only)
- 315 Replacing Audio Regions
- 317 Repeat Paste To Fill Selection
- 317 Compress/Expand Edit To Play
- 318 Fitting an Audio Region to an Edit Selection
- 319 Chapter 19: Fades and Crossfades
- 319 Using Crossfades
- 319 About Crossfades and Curves
- 321 The Fades Dialog
- 326 Creating a Crossfade
- 327 Creating Fades at the Beginnings and Ends of Regions
- 327 Creating Fade-Ins and Fade-Outs
- 329 Using AutoFades
- 329 Creating Fades and Crossfades in Batches
- 331 Chapter 20: Managing Regions
- 331 Stripping Silence from Regions
- 331 The Strip Silence Window
- 332 Using Strip Silence
- 333 Inserting Silence
- 334 Consolidate Selection Command
- 334 Compacting an Audio File
- 335 Naming and Displaying Regions
- 335 Renaming Regions
- 336 Auto-Naming Options
- 337 Hiding and Removing Unwanted Regions
- 339 Chapter 21: Conductor Tracks and Memory Locations
- 339 Tempo
- 339 Tempo Events
- 340 Inserting Tempo Events
- 341 Tap Tempo
- 342 Tempo Changes and Automation Drift
- 343 Graphic Tempo Editor
- 344 Editing Tempo Events in the Tempo Editor
- 349 Changing the Timebase Display
- 349 Tempo Operations Window
- 350 Constant Page
- 352 Linear Page
- 353 Parabolic Page
- 355 S-Curve Page
- 357 Scale Page
- 358 Stretch Page
- 359 Song Start Marker
- 360 Identify Beat Command
- 360 Bar|Beat Markers
- 362 Identifying Beats
- 363 Inserting Bar|Beat Markers One at a Time
- 363 Meter Events
- 363 Inserting Meter Events
- 365 Partial Measures
- 365 Time Operations Window
- 366 Change Meter Page
- 368 Insert Time Page
- 369 Cut Time Page
- 371 Move Song Start Page
- 372 Renumbering Bars
- 372 Memory Locations and Markers
- 372 Properties of Memory Locations
- 374 Creating Memory Locations
- 376 Recalling Memory Locations
- 376 Editing Memory Locations
- 379 Memory Locations Window
- 379 Memory Locations Commands and Options
- 381 Chapter 22: Beat Detective
- 382 Beat Detective Requirements
- 383 The Beat Detective Window
- 383 Beat Detective Modes
- 384 Defining a Beat Detective Selection
- 385 Calculating Tempo with Beat Detective
- 386 Generating Beat Triggers
- 389 Editing Beat Triggers
- 391 Generating Bar|Beat Markers with Beat Detective
- 391 Working with Sub-Beats
- 392 DigiGroove Templates
- 394 Separating Regions with Beat Detective (Audio Only)
- 396 Conforming Regions with Beat Detective (Audio Only)
- 398 Edit Smoothing (Audio Only)
- 400 Detection (Normal) and Collection Mode (Pro Tools TDM Only)
- 400 Using Collection Mode
- 403 MIDI Editing
- 405 Chapter 23: MIDI Editing
- 405 The Pencil Tool
- 406 Custom Note Duration
- 407 Setting the Grid Value
- 407 Inserting MIDI Notes
- 409 Manually Editing MIDI Notes
- 413 Typing in Note Attributes
- 413 Deleting MIDI Notes
- 414 TCE Trimmer Functionality on MIDI Regions
- 415 Continuous Controller Events
- 416 Inserting/Editing Controller Events
- 417 Patch Select (Program and Bank Changes)
- 418 Default Program Change
- 420 Inserting and Editing Program Changes
- 421 Auditioning Programs
- 421 System Exclusive Events
- 422 Note and Controller Chasing
- 423 Offsetting MIDI Tracks
- 424 Stuck Notes
- 425 Chapter 24: MIDI Operations
- 425 MIDI Operations Window
- 426 Quantize
- 429 Quantize Examples
- 430 Experimenting with Quantize
- 430 Groove Quantize
- 433 Applying Groove Templates
- 435 Restore Performance
- 436 Flatten Performance
- 437 Change Velocity
- 439 Change Duration
- 440 Transpose
- 441 Select Notes
- 442 Split Notes
- 443 Input Quantize
- 444 Step Input
- 444 Step Input Controls
- 446 Numeric Keypad Shortcuts
- 447 Chapter 25: MIDI Event List
- 447 The MIDI Event List
- 447 Opening the MIDI Event List
- 450 Inserting Events in the MIDI Event List
- 452 Editing in the MIDI Event List
- 453 Selecting in the MIDI Event List
- 453 Deleting in the MIDI Event List
- 453 Copy and Paste in the MIDI Event List
- 454 MIDI Event List Options
- 455 Mixing
- 457 Chapter 26: Basic Mixing
- 457 Mixing Concepts
- 457 Metering and Calibration
- 458 Audio Signal Flow
- 458 Audio Tracks
- 459 Auxiliary Inputs
- 460 Master Faders
- 461 Inserts
- 462 Views in the Mix and Edit Windows
- 463 Track Input
- 464 Track Output
- 466 Multiple Output Assignments
- 467 Sends
- 468 Assigning Sends to Tracks
- 469 Configuring Sends View in the Mix and Edit Windows
- 470 Editing Sends in the Mix and Edit Windows (Send A-E Views)
- 472 Output Windows for Tracks and Sends
- 474 Panner Linking
- 475 Standard Selector Controls in Output Windows
- 476 Using Output Windows
- 477 Sends and Groups
- 477 Copying Track Settings to Sends
- 478 Submixing for Signal Routing and Effects Processing
- 478 Audio Input from MIDI Devices and Other External Sources
- 478 Creating a Submix
- 481 Delay Compensation
- 482 Delay Compensation Settings
- 482 Delay Compensation View
- 484 Delay Compensation for MIDI Tracks
- 485 Dither
- 485 Dither in Pro Tools
- 486 Using a Control Surface with Pro Tools
- 487 Chapter 27: Plug-In and Hardware Inserts
- 490 Viewing Inserts
- 491 Making Inserts Inactive
- 492 Inserting Plug-Ins on Tracks
- 492 Inserting Plug-Ins During Playback
- 492 Plug-In Menu Organization
- 494 Plug-in Favorites
- 495 Moving and Duplicating Plug- In and Hardware Inserts
- 495 The Plug-In Window
- 497 Opening Plug-In Windows
- 497 Opening Multiple Plug-In Windows
- 498 Plug-In Window Controls
- 498 Using the Librarian
- 499 The Settings Menu
- 500 Choosing a Destination for Settings
- 500 Managing Settings
- 501 Plug-In Settings Dialog
- 502 Bypassing Plug-Ins
- 503 Linking and Unlinking Controls on Multi-Mono Plug-Ins
- 503 Editing Plug-In Controls
- 504 Keyboard Shortcuts for Plug-In Controls
- 504 Plug-In Automation and Safe
- 504 Using a Key Input for Side-Chain Processing
- 505 Using Hardware Inserts
- 506 Assigning Hardware Inserts
- 506 Bypassing Hardware Inserts
- 506 Connecting and Integrating External Devices
- 506 Connecting Effects Units Digitally
- 507 Using External Clock Sources
- 509 Chapter 28: Automation
- 509 Automation Quick Start
- 510 Automation Playlists
- 510 Automation Playlists with Audio and MIDI Regions
- 511 Automation Modes
- 511 Off Mode
- 511 Read Mode
- 512 Write Mode
- 512 Touch Mode
- 513 Latch Mode
- 514 Trim Mode
- 516 Automation Preferences
- 516 Smoothing
- 517 Thinning
- 517 AutoMatch Time
- 517 Setting the Automation Buffer Size
- 518 Automation Safe
- 519 Viewing Automation
- 519 Writing Automation
- 521 Automating Sends
- 522 Automating Plug-Ins
- 523 Enabling and Suspending Automation
- 524 Deleting Automation
- 525 Thinning Automation
- 526 Using the Thin Automation Command
- 526 Drawing Automation
- 527 Editing Automation
- 527 Graphical Editing of Automation Data
- 528 Editing Automation Types
- 529 Editing Automation Breakpoints
- 530 Editing Automation on Stereo and Multichannel Tracks
- 531 Editing Automation on Grouped Tracks
- 532 Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Automation
- 534 Glide Automation
- 535 Trimming Automation
- 536 Writing Automation to the Start, End or All of a Selection
- 537 Write to Start, End, and All On Stop
- 538 Writing Automation to the Next Breakpoint
- 539 Mute Automation Overwrite/Extend Command
- 542 Creating Snapshot Automation
- 544 Snapshot Automation and Trimming of Automation Data
- 545 Chapter 29: Mixdown
- 547 Recording to Tracks
- 548 Bounce to Disk
- 549 Bounce Options
- 549 Default Settings
- 549 Bounce Source
- 550 File Type
- 553 Format
- 554 Resolution
- 554 Sample Rate
- 555 Sample Rate Conversion Quality Option
- 555 Use Squeezer
- 555 Convert During or After Bounce
- 556 Import Into Session After Bounce
- 556 Help
- 556 Recording a Submix (with Bounce To Disk)
- 557 Final Mixdown
- 558 Mastering
- 558 Mastering to a Digital Recorder
- 561 Surround
- 563 Chapter 30: Surround Concepts (Pro Tools TDM Only)
- 563 How to Use These Chapters
- 563 Mixing Formats and Surround Formats
- 564 Pro Tools Mixing Formats
- 564 Speaker Layouts
- 566 Surround Monitoring
- 566 The Importance of Speaker Placement
- 567 Calibrated Surround Monitoring
- 567 Formats and Terminology
- 568 LCRS for Dolby Surround
- 568 5.1 for Dolby Digital and DTS
- 568 .1 Formats
- 568 .0 Formats
- 569 LFE
- 569 Divergence
- 570 Where to Get More Information on Surround Technology
- 570 Surround Mixing Concepts
- 570 Surround Format Compatibility
- 571 Surround Formats and Delivery Mediums
- 571 Surround Playback System Variables
- 573 Chapter 31: Pro Tools Setup for Surround (Pro Tools TDM Only)
- 573 Pro Tools Audio Connections for 5.1 Mixing
- 574 Configuring Pro Tools for Multichannel Sessions
- 574 New Sessions and I/O Settings
- 576 Importing Multichannel I/O Setups
- 576 Custom Multichannel Paths
- 578 Default I/O Selectors in I/O Setup
- 578 Default Path Order for 5.1 Tracks
- 579 5.1 Track Layouts, Routing, and Metering
- 581 Chapter 32: Multichannel Tracks and Signal Routing (Pro Tools TDM Only)
- 581 Multichannel Quick Start
- 582 Multichannel Audio Tracks
- 583 Placing Audio in Multichannel Tracks
- 585 Multichannel Signal Routing
- 585 Multichannel Track Outputs
- 585 Multichannel Sends
- 586 Multichannel Auxiliary Inputs and Master Faders
- 586 Mono, Multi-Mono and Multichannel Plug-Ins
- 588 Paths in Surround Mixes
- 590 Example Paths and Signal Routing for a Surround Mix
- 590 Example Multichannel Paths
- 591 Signal Routing Examples
- 593 LFE Examples
- 595 Chapter 33: Surround Panning and Mixing (Pro Tools TDM Only)
- 595 Introduction to Pro Tools Surround Panning
- 596 Mix and Edit Window Panner Grids
- 596 Output Window
- 597 Standard Controls
- 598 Surround Panner Controls
- 599 The X/Y Grid and Pan Location Cursor
- 600 Panning Modes
- 601 X/Y Panning
- 602 3-Knob Panning
- 603 AutoGlide Mode
- 604 Divergence and Center Percentage
- 604 Divergence
- 606 Pan Playlists and Automation
- 606 LFE Faders in Multichannel Panners
- 607 SurroundScope Metering Plug-In
- 609 Synchronization
- 611 Chapter 34: Synchronization Concepts
- 611 Synchronization Requirements
- 611 Aspects of Synchronization
- 612 Synchronizing Pro Tools
- 612 About Positional References
- 614 LTC (Longitudinal or Linear Time Code)
- 614 VITC (Vertical Interval Time Code)
- 614 Bi-Phase/Tach
- 615 SMPTE Frame Formats
- 616 Working with Film-Originated Material
- 616 Guide Tracks and Conforming
- 616 3:2 Pulldown
- 617 Film Speed Differs from NTSC Video Speed
- 618 Pull Up and Pull Down
- 618 When to Pull Up or Pull Down
- 621 Chapter 35: Working with Synchronization
- 621 Pro Tools Synchronization Options
- 621 SMPTE Trigger Resolved with SYNC I/O
- 622 Ext. Clock Output
- 623 Session Setup Window
- 624 Session Displays and Settings
- 625 SYNC Setup Settings
- 626 Session Start Offsets
- 626 Time Code Settings
- 627 Preparing to Work with SMPTE
- 627 Configuring Pro Tools for SMPTE
- 628 Selecting a SMPTE Format
- 628 Setting a SMPTE Session Start Time (Start Frame)
- 629 Redefining a Time Code Position
- 629 Redefining a Feet+Frame Position
- 630 Displaying Time in SMPTE Frames
- 630 Pull Up and Pull Down
- 632 Audio Sample Rate Pull Up and Down
- 633 Video Rate Pull Up and Down
- 634 Putting Pro Tools Online
- 634 Recording Online
- 634 Generating Time Code
- 635 Using MIDI Machine Control
- 635 Controlling External Devices Using MMC
- 636 Enabling MIDI Machine Control in Pro Tools
- 636 Operating the Pro Tools Transport with MMC
- 637 Taking a Device Offline
- 638 Synchronizing a Sequencer to Pro Tools
- 638 Setting Minimum Sync Delay
- 638 Remote Track Arming
- 639 MIDI Beat Clock
- 639 Spotting Regions to SMPTE Frame Locations
- 639 Spot Mode
- 639 The Spot Dialog
- 641 Auto-Spotting Regions
- 641 Using the Trimmer in Spot Mode
- 642 Time Stamping
- 642 Show Original Time Code in Regions
- 642 Creating a User Time Stamp
- 643 Identifying a Synchronization Point
- 645 Troubleshooting Synchronization
- 647 Chapter 36: Working with QuickTime Movies
- 647 About QuickTime
- 647 Using QuickTime Movies in Pro Tools
- 648 Video Capture/Playback Cards
- 648 If You Are New to Audio Post Production
- 649 QuickTime Requirements
- 649 Movie Playback Quality Options
- 650 Importing a QuickTime Movie
- 650 About the Movie Track
- 651 Firewire Playback of QuickTime DV Movies
- 651 Supported QuickTime Movies
- 652 Scrubbing the Movie Track
- 654 Setting the Movie Start Time (Movie Offset)
- 655 Spotting Audio to a QuickTime Movie
- 655 Using Grid Mode to Spot and Nudge Regions with Frame Accuracy
- 656 Importing QuickTime Audio (and Other Compressed Video Files)
- 656 Sample Rate Conversion Quality
- 656 Importing Audio from a QuickTime Movie
- 657 Bouncing to a New Movie
- 659 Appendix A: DSP-Induced Delays in Mixing (TDM Only)
- 659 Introduction to DSP-Induced Delay
- 660 When to Compensate
- 660 How to Compensate
- 660 Automatically Compensating for Delays
- 660 Delay Compensation
- 661 Manually Compensating for Delays
- 662 Using TimeAdjuster TDM Plug-In
- 663 Nudging Audio Tracks
- 663 Delay Factors
- 663 Bouncing Tracks
- 663 Using Plug-In Inserts
- 664 Using Sends
- 664 Using Hardware I/O
- 665 Appendix B: TDM Mixing and DSP Usage (TDM Systems Only)
- 665 Benefits of TDM II
- 665 TDM (or TDM I)
- 666 TDM II
- 667 DSP Allocation
- 667 DSP Allocation Basics
- 667 Mixing and DSP Usage
- 668 DSP Manager
- 668 Monitoring DSP Usage
- 669 Setting up Sessions to use DSP Efficiently
- 669 DSP Usage with TDM Mixers
- 669 Understanding Mixers
- 672 48-Bit Mixing Precision
- 672 Mixer Headroom
- 672 Mixer Automatiion
- 673 Stereo and Surround Dithered Mixers
- 673 A Note About Dithering to 16-Bit and Dither Plug-Ins
- 674 TDM Mixer Plug-Ins
- 674 Plug-In Features
- 674 Switching TDM Mixer Plug-Ins
- 674 Mixer Usage Guidelines
- 675 DSP Usage with TDM Plug-Ins
- 677 Appendix C: Troubleshooting
- 677 Backing Up Your Work
- 677 Back Up Your Session Data
- 677 Back Up Your System Setup
- 677 Common Issues
- 677 Pro Tools Won’t Launch
- 678 Audio Interface Is Not Recognized
- 678 Using DigiTest as a Diagnostic Tool
- 679 Performance Factors
- 679 Before You Call Digidesign Technical Support
- 679 Register Your System
- 679 Use Digidesign Resources
- 680 Gather Important Information
- 681 Glossary
- 691 Index