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ENERCON E-40 Operating Instructions
Page 89 of 96
11.2 Glossary of Technical Terms
Abseiling Equipment
Acceleration sensor
Anemometer
Angle encoder
Automatic / normal operation
Battery cabinet
= Descent device, Equipment for rescuing persons from great heights
Sensors which are used for measuring the oscillation amplitudes
"anemo" = prefix from Greek anemos = wind;
instrument for measuring the speed of the wind
Measure, check and control the angles of the rotor blades
Turbine operation completely controlled by the control system
Blade flange bearing
Bord telephone
Cd
Converter d.c. link
Epoxy resin
Excitation current (excitation)
Feathered position
Flicker
Generator rotor
Generator stator
Grid management unit
GRP
Hazard beacon
Part of the pitch control unit. Contains a set of standby batteries which in an emergency allows to bring the rotor blades into feathered position
Bearing, revolving connection between blade adaptor and hub
Telephone for communication between persons in nacelle and tower base (ground station)
Candela = unit of luminous intensity
Converts the current with variable voltage and frequency supplied by the generator into three-phase or alternating current according to the requirements of the utility. Consists of the rectifier and inverter, which are connected with the d.c. link.
The energy supplied by the generator and converted into direct current by the rectifiers is transferred to the rectifiers via the d.c.
link.
Structural plastic formed by polyaddition which is used for the
ENERCON rotor blades
Generates a magnetic field in the generator rotor which induces current in the generator stator when the rotor is rotating
Position of the rotor blades toward the wind in which the blades present a minimum surface of attack to the wind and minimum lift.
Low-frequency voltage fluctuations causing unsteadiness of lighting in the vicinity of wind turbines. They are caused by the fluctuating tower passing loads (lee in front of the tower). With the
E-40, this is not a major problem.
Rotating part of the generator
Stationary part of the generator
By means of rectifiers and inverters the grid management unit converts the current generated by the generator into a gridcompatible, three-phase current and feeds it into the utility's medium voltage grid via a transformer (see also converter)
Glass-fibre reinforced plastic, fibre-reinforced composite material used in the construction of wind energy converters. Consisting of resin and glass-fibre fabrics and ropes, this is a strong, easy to process and light-weight material.
Glass-fibre reinforced plastics are suitable for individual and series production of rotor blades, nacelles, casings or attachments.
GFRP can be machined and is largely chemically stable.
Signal lights marking the wind turbine for aircraft in flight
Annex
ENERCON E-40 Operating Instructions
Page 90 of 96
Heat sink
Hub
Hygroscopic
Inverter
Jumper
King pin
LED
Load spectrum
Macrolon screen
Main carrier
Main pin
Manual operation
Mechanical overspeed switch
Nacelle
Nacelle casing
Nacelle sub-distribution
Obstruction lighting
Opto coupler
Panic lock
Partial load
Phase
Pitch
Pitch control cabinet
Pitch control unit
Polyamide base
Polyester imide
Together with the fans, heat sinks serve for dissipating the heat from the power cabinets
Casting, pivoted on the main pin. The rotor blades are attached to it via the blade adaptors.
Tending to absorb moisture from the air
Converts direct current into alternating current
Plug-in contacts on p.c.boards
Structural component flanged to the tower serving as connection to the nacelle. Also it serves together with the main carrier as bearing for the yaw drive.
Light emitting diode
Total sum of the loads acting on the turbine
Special screen used as a protection against unintentional touching of live parts
Welded structural component to which most of the nacelle components are attached. Also it serves together with the king pin as bearing for the yaw drive.
Component attached to the main carrier around which hub and generator rotor rotate (running on tapered roller bearings)
Mode of operation of the E-40 in which maintenance work is carried out. The control system functions are restricted.
Owners should not try to operate the turbine in this mode.
Safety sensor initiating an emergency shut-down of the turbine when activated
Main carrier with casing housing equipment and machinery
Four-part GRP casing of the nacelle consisting of top, two
bottom parts and the roof hatch
Electrical distribution in the nacelle. On the lid of the subdistribution the nacelle control panel is arranged.
Signal lights marking the wind turbine for aircraft in flight
Component converting the energy from light pulses into electric energy, serves for coupling optical with electrical lines (can be used in both directions)
Special form of door bolt with a turning mechanism which allows to open a locked door from the inside without the use of a key
Operation below rated power
Conducting line
Blade angle adjustment
Contains the control system for the pitch control unit
The pitch control unit adjusts the angles of the rotor blades. It consists of pitch control cabinet, relay cabinet, battery cabinet, pitch control motor, gearbox, blade flange bearing
Plastic base marked by special production and processing characteristics
Bivalent strengthened polyester
Annex
ENERCON E-40 Operating Instructions
Page 91 of 96
Rated power
Rated wind speed
Vibration sensor
Yaw drive
Maximum power for which the turbine is designed
Wind speed at which the rated power is just reached.
Rectifier
Relay cabinet
Ring generator
Spar
Speed sensor
Spinner
Stall effect
Start-up wind speed
Stator
Converts alternating current into direct current
Part of the pitch control unit. Contains contactors for changing over the pitch control motors from normal to battery operation and back
Because of its type of construction (large diameter, little depth) the E-40 generator is called ring generator.
Rotor (rotor head)
Rotor casing
Rotating part of the turbine (generator rotor, hub, rotor blades)
Revolving three-part GRP casing of the rotor head
Rotor sub-distribution Distributes the electric power and information supplied by the slipring casing to the rotor
Slip-ring casing
Spark gap
Establishes the electrical connection between nacelle and rotor
Air gap between two lightning conductor elements through which the lightning current is conducted
Longitudinal reinforcements in the rotor blades
Sensor measuring the rotational speed of the rotor
Revolving GRP casing of the hub area on the rotor head
Breakdown of the lift-producing airflow over the rotor blade
Minimum wind speed at which the start-up procedure of the E-40 is initiated (approx. 2 m/s); if the wind speed rises further (approx.
2.5 m/s), the turbine starts to supply power
Stationary part of the generator in which currents are induced and thus electrical energy is generated
Stator casing
Stator jib carrier
Upwind rotor
Variable speed operation
Stationary, multipart GRP casing of the stator
Supporting device to which the stator is fastened
The rotor is in front of the tower, facing the wind
The rotational speed of the rotor is adjusted according to the wind speed. With increasing wind speed the rotor rotates faster (until the rated wind speed is reached). This ensures optimum enregy yield.
Monitor the tower vibrations and initiates an emergency shutdown of the turbine when activated
Drive which turns nacelle and rotor into the direction of the wind
Annex
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